Mine anti-deformation automatic air door and installation method

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of mine air door equipment, and provides a mine anti-deformation automatic air door and a mounting method. A hydraulic column is additionally arranged at the position close to the cross beam of the air door frame stand, the two ends of the cylinder body are rigidly connected with the lower support and the upper support, the adjustable support force is provided by adjusting the hydraulic pressure, the anti-deformation ability of the door frame is enhanced, and the permanent deformation of the air door under the action of the wind pressure and the surrounding rock deformation is reduced. The air door body is driven by an actuator, the automatic control device controls the opening and closing of the air door according to the detected state of pedestrians or vehicles, and ensures that the air door remains in an open state when passing, and is automatically closed when there is no one or no vehicle. At the same time, the air door can be switched to the air door adjustment mode, the opening and closing angle of the air door is adjusted by inputting the target opening value, and different ventilation requirements are adapted. The present application has good anti-deformation ability, accurate opening and closing control and flexible ventilation adjustment function, and is suitable for mines and other environments that require rapid response and efficient control.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mine ventilation and safety equipment technology, specifically to a mine deformation-resistant automatic air door and its installation method, belonging to the structural improvement and intelligent control application of mine air door equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Mine ventilation doors are crucial air control facilities in underground ventilation systems, widely used in main haulage roadways, connecting roadways, and return airway to distribute and isolate airflow. Existing mine ventilation doors mostly employ steel frames and double-leaf structures. Under the influence of wind pressure and deformation of the surrounding rock in the roadway, the columns and beams are prone to bending and twisting deformation. With prolonged use, accumulated deformation leads to increased door gaps, decreased sealing performance, and even door jamming or incomplete closure, affecting ventilation efficiency and safe production.

[0003] To improve resistance to deformation, existing technologies generally reinforce the door frame by increasing its cross-section, adding stiffening ribs, or pouring concrete ring beams around it. However, these measures involve a large amount of construction work and lack flexibility; if the surrounding rock continues to deform, repairs are often necessary again. Meanwhile, most traditional ventilation doors use mechanical self-closing or simple electrical control methods, which cannot intelligently control opening and closing based on pedestrian and vehicle traffic. This poses a risk of the door automatically closing before people have fully passed through, or being left open for extended periods for convenience, compromising the reliability of the ventilation system.

[0004] On the other hand, in some ventilation control applications, dampers need to be used as regulating windows to control the air volume in the roadway by changing the damper opening. Existing dampers lack a unified opening setting and automatic holding function, often relying on manual adjustment, making it difficult to accurately control the opening and closing angles. Moreover, they are easily blown away under strong wind pressure, resulting in unstable adjustment.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a simple, flexibly adjustable, deformation-resistant damper structure, introduce adjustable pressure hydraulic columns to suppress door frame deformation, and combine automatic control to achieve precise setting of damper opening and closing angles and safety interlocking for pedestrian / vehicle passage. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to address the problems of poor deformation resistance, crude opening and closing control, and insufficient passage safety of existing mine ventilation doors. It proposes an automatic mine ventilation door with deformation resistance and its installation method. By adding an adjustable pressure hydraulic column to the side of the door frame near the crossbeam, and combining it with an automatic control system, the invention effectively buffers the ventilation door under pressure and intelligently adjusts the opening and closing angle. This ensures that the ventilation door maintains good stability and sealing under high wind pressure and surrounding rock deformation conditions. Simultaneously, it automatically remains open when personnel or vehicles have not completely passed through, and can be switched to adjustable ventilation door mode as needed.

[0007] This invention provides the following technical solution:

[0008] This invention proposes an automatic mine ventilation door with anti-deformation and its installation method. The ventilation door is installed in the roadway and includes a door frame, a door body, a hydraulic column, and an automatic control device.

[0009] The door frame consists of opposite left and right columns and a crossbeam connecting the upper ends of the left and right columns. The door frame is fixed to the roadway support structure by anchor bolts.

[0010] The main body of the damper is mounted on a column on one side of the door frame via a hinge, and can be opened and closed around a vertical pivot to cut off or regulate the airflow in the tunnel.

[0011] Hydraulic columns are used to apply adjustable support force to the door frame, improving the overall deformation resistance and stability of the damper. By adjusting the hydraulic pressure, the permanent deformation of the door frame under wind pressure and surrounding rock deformation can be reduced.

[0012] An automatic control device is used to control the opening and closing of the damper body and the adjustment of the opening degree. The automatic control device includes a damper opening and closing control device for driving the damper body to rotate, a detection element for detecting the passage status of personnel or vehicles in the roadway, and a controller for receiving the opening degree setting signal and outputting control commands.

[0013] Specifically, when it is detected that a person or vehicle has not completely passed through the damper body, the controller controls the damper opening and closing control device to keep the damper body in the open state; when an adjustment mode command is input, the controller switches the damper to the adjustment mode and drives the damper body to the corresponding opening and closing angle according to the preset opening setting signal, so as to realize the automatic adjustment of the window damper opening.

[0014] The hydraulic column includes a cylinder body, a lower support, and an upper support. The lower support is fixed to the column, and the upper support is located near the intersection of the column and the crossbeam. The two ends of the cylinder body are rigidly connected to the lower support and the upper support, respectively.

[0015] The hydraulic column also includes a check valve, an unloading valve, and a safety valve; the check valve supplies hydraulic fluid to the individual hydraulic support, the unloading valve unloads fluid from the individual hydraulic support and allows it to return to its original position, and the safety valve ensures that the individual hydraulic support has constant resistance characteristics. When the door frame is subjected to increased force and deformation, the downward deformation is buffered by reducing the hydraulic pressure; when the force on the door frame decreases, the pressure is increased to prevent excessive deformation.

[0016] The damper body is a double-leaf door. The damper opening and closing control device is connected to the damper body through a hydraulic rod, a rotating shaft, and a connecting block, converting linear displacement into damper rotation.

[0017] The detection elements include infrared gratings arranged on both sides of the damper and a microwave sensor in the center of the crossbeam, used to detect whether a pedestrian or vehicle is in the damper passage area; the controller prohibits the closing action when it detects a target in the passage area.

[0018] The automatic control device has two working modes: a normal passage mode and an adjustable damper mode. In the normal passage mode, the damper body automatically closes after detecting no one or no vehicle. In the adjustable damper mode, the controller no longer automatically closes the damper based on the personnel / vehicle detection signal, but instead keeps the damper body at the corresponding angle according to the user's instructions.

[0019] The columns and beams are steel structures with reinforcing plates at their joints. Hydraulic columns are arranged near both ends of the beams and are symmetrical to ensure that the beams do not flex significantly under wind pressure and roof subsidence.

[0020] A method for installing an anti-deformation automatic ventilation door in a mine includes the following steps:

[0021] Step 1: Select the installation location in the tunnel according to the tunnel cross-sectional dimensions and design air pressure, and measure and lay out the installation baseline of the column and beam;

[0022] Step 2: Drill holes and install anchor bolts at the installation location, position the column and beam as a whole and reliably fix them to the surrounding rock support structure, and correct the verticality and diagonal dimensions of the door frame.

[0023] Step 3: Install the damper body on one side of the door frame using hinges, and adjust the fit gap and sealing strip between the damper body and the door frame to ensure smooth opening and closing;

[0024] Step 4: Install a hydraulic column on the side of the door frame near the crossbeam. The lower support is fixed to the column, and the upper support is rigidly connected to the column and the crossbeam. Inject oil into the cylinder according to the design value and apply pre-tightening pressure.

[0025] Step 5: Install the damper opening and closing control device, infrared grating, microwave sensor and control box, and complete the electrical connection between the damper opening and closing control device, solenoid valve, sensor and control box;

[0026] Step 6: Set the normal opening and closing time of the damper, the opening degree of the adjustment mode, and the safety interlock logic through the controller. Confirm that the damper body can remain open when not all personnel or vehicles have passed through, and can stably stay at the set opening degree in the damper adjustment mode before putting it into normal use.

[0027] In step 4, the initial working pressure of the hydraulic column is determined by gradually increasing the pressure and monitoring the deflection of the door frame. When the deflection of the upper edge of the door frame no longer recovers significantly, this pressure is used as the reference pressure. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the mine deformation-resistant automatic ventilation door of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the back structure of an invention for an anti-deformation automatic ventilation door for mines;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the automatic damper control device of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the mine deformation-resistant automatic ventilation door of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic column structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a top view of the automatic mine ventilation door of the present invention.

[0034] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Tunnel; 2. Infrared grating; 3. Control box; 4. Air door body; 5. Column; 6. Hydraulic column; 601. Upper support; 602. Piston; 603. Cylinder; 604. Lower support; 7. Crossbeam; 701. Crossbeam body; 702. Baffle plate; 8. Microwave sensor; 9. Air door opening and closing control device; 901. Rotary shaft; 902. Drive rod; 903. Electro-hydraulic rod; 904. Guide plate; 10. Elastic filling material. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The reference numerals are: 1. Lane; 2. Infrared grating; 3. Control box; 4. Air door body; 5. Column; 6. Hydraulic column (upper support 601, piston 602, cylinder 603, lower support 604); 7. Crossbeam (crossbeam body 701, wind baffle 702); 8. Microwave sensor; 9. Air door opening and closing control device (rotating shaft 901, drive rod 902, electric hydraulic rod 903, guide plate 904); 10. Elastic filling material.

[0036] Example 1

[0037] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, the main body 4 of the air door is located at the cross section of the roadway 1. The door frame is composed of left and right columns 5 and cross beams 7. The door frame is fixed to the roadway support structure by anchor bolts to form a load-bearing frame.

[0038] The crossbeam 7 includes a crossbeam body 701 and a wind baffle 702. The wind baffle 702 is set along the windward side of the crossbeam body 701 to reduce local eddies and door gap leakage caused by the direct impact of airflow on the upper edge of the door frame, and works with the elastic filling material 10 to improve sealing and vibration reduction.

[0039] The main body of the damper 4 is a double-leaf door structure. The two doors are respectively installed on the corresponding side columns 5 by hinges. When opening and closing, they rotate around the vertical axis. When closed, the edge of the door leaf and the door frame are fitted and sealed and tolerance is compensated by elastic filling material 10.

[0040] To suppress beam subsidence, column deflection, and joint twisting caused by wind pressure and surrounding rock deformation in the door frame, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 As shown, hydraulic columns 6 are arranged in the area of ​​column 5 near crossbeam 7, preferably one on each side symmetrically, and installed close to both ends of the crossbeam to form a support arm for crossbeam 7.

[0041] The lower support 604 of the hydraulic column 6 is fixed to the column 5, and the upper support 601 is located near the intersection area of ​​the column 5 and the crossbeam 7. Both ends of the hydraulic column 6 are rigidly connected to the upper support 601 and the lower support 604 (such as by welding or high-strength bolts + end plates), making the hydraulic column 6 an adjustable stiffness support component for the door frame node.

[0042] Example 2

[0043] like Figure 5 As shown, the hydraulic column 6 consists of a cylinder 603, a piston 602, and a valve assembly. The valve assembly includes a check valve, an unloading valve, and a safety valve. The check valve is used for fluid supply and pressure holding, ensuring that the piston 602 provides continuous support to the door frame node under the set pressure. The unloading valve is used for unloading and returning the column during maintenance or deformation adjustment. The safety valve is used to achieve constant resistance protection. When the external load suddenly increases and causes the pressure inside the column to exceed the threshold, the safety valve opens to release pressure, allowing the hydraulic column to yield and absorb energy in an approximately constant resistance manner, avoiding rigid jamming that causes stress concentration at the door frame node.

[0044] During operation, the controller can adjust the hydraulic column pressure based on the deflection of the upper edge of the door frame, changes in the door gap, or changes in the opening and closing resistance of the door leaf: when the door frame is subjected to increased stress and deformation, the hydraulic pressure is appropriately reduced so that the hydraulic column allows the door frame to produce a controllable "downward deformation buffer", reducing the peak stress at the nodes and protecting the connection between the hinge and the door frame; when the external load decreases or the door frame tends to recover, the hydraulic pressure is increased to provide top support, suppress excessive deformation of the door frame and maintain the sealing fit between the door leaf and the door frame.

[0045] Example 3

[0046] like Figure 3 As shown, the automatic control device includes a control box 3, a damper opening and closing control device 9, an infrared grating 2, and a microwave sensor 8. The infrared grating 2 is arranged on both sides of the damper to form a light curtain for detecting passage areas, and the microwave sensor 8 is set in the middle of the crossbeam to supplement the detection of moving targets near the door or vehicles lingering at the rear of the carriage.

[0047] like Figure 3 and combined Figure 6 As shown, the damper opening and closing control device 9 includes a rotating shaft 901, a drive rod 902, an electro-hydraulic rod 903, and a guide plate 904. The electro-hydraulic rod 903 extends and retracts under the controller's command, and its output direction is guided and constrained by the guide plate 904, transmitting linear push-pull force to the drive rod 902. The drive rod 902 drives the rotating shaft 901 to rotate, and the rotating shaft 901 is then connected to the damper body 4 door leaf via a connecting block, thereby converting linear displacement into angular displacement of the door leaf, achieving automatic opening and closing.

[0048] The control modes are explained in detail below:

[0049] (1) Normal passage mode: When the infrared grating 2 or microwave sensor 8 detects that there are pedestrians / vehicles in the passage area, the controller prohibits the door from closing and keeps the door open; when the passage area is detected to be free of targets and the delay condition is met, the controller drives the electric hydraulic rod 903 to close the door to restore the ventilation isolation function.

[0050] (2) Adjustable damper mode: The operator inputs the target angle through the control box 3, and the controller drives the damper opening and closing control device 9 to turn the door to the target angle and maintain it; in this mode, the damper no longer closes automatically based on the personnel / vehicle detection signal, so as to avoid the adjustment of the opening degree being overridden by the automatic logic.

[0051] Example 4

[0052] When installing the damper, first select the location and lay out the lines in the tunnel 1, then drill holes and embed anchor bolts to position and align the column 5 and crossbeam 7 as a whole. Next, install the double-leaf damper body 4 using hinges and adjust the clamping amount of the door gap and elastic filling material 10. Then, install the hydraulic column 6 near the crossbeam 7 in the area of ​​the column 5. The lower support 604 is fixed to the column 5, and the upper support 601 is rigidly connected to the column 5 and crossbeam 7. Apply pre-tightening pressure by injecting oil into the cylinder 603 according to the design values.

[0053] Then install the damper opening and closing control device 9, infrared grating 2, microwave sensor 8 and control box 3, and complete the electrical connection and parameter setting.

[0054] The initial working pressure of the hydraulic column can be adjusted by "gradually increasing pressure - monitoring the deflection of the door frame": gradually increase the pressure until the deflection of the upper edge of the door frame no longer recovers significantly, record this pressure as the reference pressure, and use it for subsequent maintenance and quick reset adjustment when the working conditions change.

[0055] The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions falling within the scope of the present invention's concept are within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, improvements and modifications made without departing from the principles of the present invention should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mine deformation-resistant automatic ventilation door, characterized in that, include: The door frame consists of opposite left and right columns (5) and a crossbeam (7) connecting the upper ends of the left and right columns (5). The door frame is fixed to the roadway support structure by anchor bolts. The main body of the air door (4) is mounted on a side column (5) of the door frame by a hinge and can be opened and closed around a vertical pivot to cut off or adjust the airflow in the roadway. Hydraulic column (6) is used to apply adjustable support force to the door frame, improve the overall deformation resistance and stability of the damper, and reduce the permanent deformation of the door frame under wind pressure and surrounding rock deformation by adjusting the hydraulic pressure. An automatic control device is used to control the opening and closing of the damper body (4) and the opening degree adjustment. The automatic control device includes a damper opening and closing control device (9) for driving the damper body (4) to rotate, a detection element for detecting the passage status of personnel or vehicles in the roadway, and a controller for receiving the opening degree setting signal and outputting control commands. When it is detected that a person or vehicle has not completely passed through the damper body (4), the controller controls the damper opening and closing control device (9) to keep the damper body (4) in the open state; when the adjustment mode command is input, the controller switches the damper to the adjustment mode and drives the damper body (4) to the corresponding opening and closing angle according to the preset opening setting signal, so as to realize the automatic adjustment of the opening of the windshield damper.

2. The mine deformation-resistant automatic ventilation door according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydraulic column (6) includes a cylinder (603), a lower support (604) and an upper support (601). The lower support (604) is fixed to the column (5). The upper support (601) is located near the intersection of the column (5) and the crossbeam (7). The two ends of the cylinder (603) are rigidly connected to the lower support (604) and the upper support (601) respectively.

3. The mine deformation-resistant automatic ventilation door according to claim 2, characterized in that, The hydraulic column (6) also includes a check valve, an unloading valve and a safety valve; the check valve is used to supply fluid to the individual hydraulic support, the unloading valve is used to unload and return the individual hydraulic support, and the safety valve ensures that the individual hydraulic support has constant resistance characteristics; when the door frame is subjected to increased force and deformation, the downward deformation is buffered by reducing the hydraulic pressure, and when the door frame is subjected to decreased force, the pressure is increased to prevent excessive deformation.

4. The mine deformation-resistant automatic ventilation door according to claim 1, characterized in that, The damper body (4) is a double-leaf door. The damper opening and closing control device (9) is connected to the damper body (4) through a hydraulic rod, a rotating shaft, and a connecting block, converting linear displacement into the rotation of the damper.

5. The mine deformation-resistant automatic ventilation door according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detection elements include an infrared grating (2) arranged on both sides of the damper and a microwave sensor (8) in the center of the crossbeam (7) for detecting whether a pedestrian or vehicle is in the damper passage area; the controller prohibits the closing action when it detects that there is a target in the passage area.

6. The mine deformation-resistant automatic ventilation door according to claim 1, characterized in that, The automatic control device has two working modes: normal passage mode and adjustable damper mode. In normal passage mode, the damper body (4) automatically closes after detecting no one or no vehicle. In adjustable damper mode, the controller no longer automatically closes the door according to the personnel / vehicle detection signal, but keeps the damper body (4) at the corresponding angle according to the user's instructions.

7. The mine deformation-resistant automatic ventilation door according to claim 1, characterized in that, The column (5) and the crossbeam (7) are steel structures with a reinforcing plate at their connection. The hydraulic column (6) is arranged near both ends of the crossbeam (7) and is symmetrical to the left and right to ensure that the crossbeam (7) does not bend significantly under wind pressure and the sinking of the top plate.

8. A method for installing an anti-deformation automatic ventilation door in a mine, characterized in that, An automatic mine ventilation door resistant to deformation as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 comprises the following steps: Step 1: Select the installation location in the roadway (1) according to the cross-sectional dimensions and design air pressure, and measure and lay out the installation baseline of the column (5) and the beam (7); Step 2: Drill holes and install anchor rods at the installation location, place the column (5) and beam (7) as a whole and reliably fix them to the surrounding rock support structure, and correct the verticality and diagonal dimensions of the door frame; Step 3: Install the damper body (4) on the column (5) on one side of the door frame using hinges, and adjust the fit gap and sealing strip between the damper body (4) and the door frame to enable it to open and close smoothly; Step 4: Install a hydraulic column (6) on the side of the door frame near the crossbeam (7). The lower support (604) is fixed to the column (5). The upper support (601) is rigidly connected to the column (5) and the crossbeam (7). Inject oil into the cylinder (603) according to the design value and apply pre-tightening pressure. Step 5: Install the damper opening and closing control device (9), infrared grating (2), microwave sensor (8) and control box, and complete the electrical connection between the damper opening and closing control device (9), solenoid valve, sensor and control box; Step 6: Set the normal opening and closing time of the damper, the opening degree of the adjustment mode and the safety interlock logic through the controller, and confirm that the damper body (4) can remain open when not all personnel or vehicles have passed through, and can stably stay at the set opening degree in the damper adjustment mode before being put into normal use.

9. The installation method of a mine deformation-resistant automatic air door according to claim 8, characterized in that, In step 4, the initial working pressure of the hydraulic column (6) is determined by gradually increasing the pressure and monitoring the deflection of the door frame. When the deflection of the upper edge of the door frame no longer recovers significantly, this pressure is used as the reference pressure.

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