An electrically controlled full-opening emergency pressure relief device and a pressure relief method

Abstract

The application discloses an electrically-controlled full-opening emergency pressure relief device and a pressure relief method, and relates to the field of pressure relief devices.The pressure relief device comprises a main valve, a pilot valve, a control system and the like.The main valve comprises a valve body, an upper and lower through channel is arranged in the valve body, a valve sleeve is arranged in the channel, and a valve core is arranged in the valve sleeve; a relief channel is arranged on one side of the valve body and corresponds to the position of the valve core, the relief channel is communicated with the channel, a pressure relief port is arranged on the valve sleeve and corresponds to the relief channel; the pilot valve comprises a high-pressure oil cylinder, an electromagnetic valve and a buffer oil cylinder; one end of the channel is a fluid inlet, the other end is communicated with the high-pressure oil cylinder, the piston of the high-pressure oil cylinder is abutted with the valve core; the liquid inlet of the electromagnetic valve is connected with the oil outlet of the high-pressure oil cylinder, the liquid outlet of the electromagnetic valve is connected with the oil inlet of the buffer oil cylinder; the control system comprises a PLC controller and a pressure sensor arranged in a high-pressure manifold system, and the PLC controller controls the opening and closing of the electromagnetic valve according to the pressure data monitored by the pressure sensor.The application can meet the demand of super-high-pressure and large-displacement fracturing construction, and has high reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of pressure relief device technology. More specifically, this invention relates to an electrically controlled fully open emergency pressure relief device and a pressure relief method. Background Technology

[0002] During fracturing operations in oilfields, emergency unloading valves are typically used in high-pressure manifold systems to automatically release overpressure and protect equipment and personnel. Currently, the most common type is the spring-loaded emergency unloading valve, which opens to release pressure through the pressure difference between the spring force and the manifold system pressure. Another type, the nitrogen-driven emergency unloading valve, relies on the fluid pressure in the high-pressure pipeline to overcome a preset nitrogen pressure to release pressure in the high-pressure manifold system. However, spring-loaded emergency unloading valves have unstable opening, a small opening area during pressure release, and are prone to hydraulic cutting effects due to throttling during release, posing a risk of sand-carrying fluid puncturing the valve body. Nitrogen-driven emergency unloading valves require nitrogen storage cylinders, control panels, and additional piping, and are easily affected by external environmental changes, especially temperature. Therefore, it is necessary to provide an electrically controlled fully open emergency unloading valve to solve the problem of stable large-volume release in high-pressure manifold systems, achieve automatic overpressure protection in surface manifold systems, and improve system reliability. Summary of the Invention

[0003] One object of the present invention is to solve at least the above-mentioned problems and to provide at least the advantages that will be described later.

[0004] To achieve these objectives and other advantages according to the present invention, an electrically controlled fully open emergency pressure relief device is provided, comprising: The main valve includes a valve body, the valve body having a through channel running vertically through it, a valve sleeve being disposed within the channel, and a valve core being disposed within the valve sleeve; a venting channel is provided on one side of the valve body corresponding to the location of the valve core, the venting channel being connected to the channel, and a notch is provided on the valve sleeve corresponding to the venting channel as a pressure relief port for the channel; The pilot valve includes a high-pressure hydraulic cylinder, a solenoid valve, and a buffer hydraulic cylinder; one end of the channel is a fluid inlet connected to a high-pressure manifold system, and the other end is connected to the high-pressure hydraulic cylinder, with the piston of the high-pressure hydraulic cylinder abutting against the valve core; the inlet of the solenoid valve is connected to the outlet of the high-pressure hydraulic cylinder, and the outlet of the solenoid valve is connected to the inlet of the buffer hydraulic cylinder. The control system includes a PLC controller and a pressure sensor installed in the high-pressure manifold system. The PLC controller is connected to the pressure sensor and the solenoid valve respectively, and controls the opening and closing of the solenoid valve according to the pressure data monitored by the pressure sensor.

[0005] Preferably, a hemispherical groove is formed on the outer wall of the valve sleeve away from the notch, and a slot is formed on the side wall of the channel corresponding to the groove, with a steel ball disposed between the groove and the slot; an observation hole is formed on the outer wall of the valve body, and the observation hole communicates with the slot.

[0006] Preferably, a bushing and a retaining ring are arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside in the venting channel, and a sealing packing is provided between the valve body and the retaining ring.

[0007] Preferably, the piston in the high-pressure cylinder divides its internal cavity into a first oil-filled chamber and a first oil-free chamber. The end of the high-pressure cylinder with the first oil-free chamber is connected to the valve body via a wing nut. The valve core extends out from the channel and into the first oil-free chamber to abut against the piston.

[0008] Preferably, the buffer cylinder includes a cylinder body and a piston head. The piston head divides the inner cavity of the cylinder body into a second oil-filled chamber and a second oil-free chamber. A piston rod is provided at the end of the piston head away from the second oil-filled chamber. The piston rod is slidably connected to the cylinder body and can extend out of the cylinder body. A spring is provided in the second oil-free chamber. The spring is sleeved on the piston rod, and its two ends are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cylinder body and the piston head, respectively. A mark is provided on the piston rod.

[0009] Preferably, the control system further includes a displacement sensor and a first pressure sensor, both of which are connected to the PLC controller; the displacement sensor is disposed on the piston rod to detect the displacement of the piston head; the first pressure sensor is disposed inside the high-pressure cylinder to detect the oil pressure inside the high-pressure cylinder.

[0010] Preferably, the control system further includes a remote operation interface, which is communicatively connected to the PLC controller to retrieve data monitored by the pressure sensor and send instructions to the PLC controller to remotely control the opening and closing of the solenoid valve.

[0011] Another object of the present invention is to provide an electrically controlled fully open emergency pressure relief method, which, using the aforementioned electrically controlled fully open emergency pressure relief device, includes the following steps: S1. Connect the fluid inlet to the high-pressure manifold system and the venting channel to the venting pipeline; install the pressure sensor in the high-pressure manifold system; retain hydraulic oil in the high-pressure cylinder; and keep the solenoid valve in the closed state. S2. When the pressure sensor detects an overpressure in the high-pressure manifold system, the PLC controller controls the solenoid valve to open. High-pressure fluid in the high-pressure manifold system enters the valve body through the fluid inlet, lifting the valve core to connect with the relief channel. The high-pressure fluid then enters the relief pipeline through the relief channel. Simultaneously, the piston in the high-pressure cylinder forces hydraulic oil into the solenoid valve and into the buffer cylinder, pushing the piston head to compress the spring. S3. After the pressure relief is completed, the piston head, under the action of the spring, reverses and presses the hydraulic oil back into the solenoid valve, and flows back into the high-pressure cylinder. The piston in the high-pressure cylinder pushes the valve core to reset, closing the pressure relief port; the solenoid valve is closed by the PLC controller.

[0012] Preferably, in step S1, multiple electrically controlled fully open emergency pressure relief devices are connected to the high-pressure manifold system, and a hydraulic stop valve is provided between the fluid inlet of each electrically controlled fully open emergency pressure relief device and the high-pressure manifold system, and each hydraulic stop valve is connected to the PLC controller; when the electrically controlled fully open emergency pressure relief device leaks, the corresponding hydraulic stop valve is closed by controlling the PLC controller.

[0013] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: 1. The electrically controlled fully open emergency pressure relief device and pressure relief method provided by the present invention have a compact structure, which can meet the needs of ultra-high pressure and large displacement fracturing construction, and at the same time solve the problems of unstable start-up of conventional emergency unloading valves, easy erosion and leakage of valve body, space occupation, and susceptibility to changes in external environment.

[0014] 2. The electrically controlled fully open emergency pressure relief device provided by the present invention is easy to install and disassemble between the pilot valve, the main valve and the high-pressure manifold system, and facilitates the maintenance of the pilot valve and the main valve.

[0015] 3. The electrically controlled fully open emergency pressure relief device provided by the present invention has a solenoid valve that is de-energized during normal operation of the high-pressure manifold system and does not require continuous power supply. It is energized only when the high-pressure manifold system is over-pressurized to open the pressure relief, resulting in low operating costs.

[0016] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will become apparent in part from the following description, and in part from those skilled in the art through study and practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electrically controlled fully open emergency pressure relief device described in this invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the main valve and the pilot valve described in this invention; Figure 3for Figure 2 Enlarged view of section A in the image; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electrically controlled fully open emergency pressure relief device of the present invention when connected to a high-pressure manifold system; Detailed Implementation

[0018] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that those skilled in the art can implement it based on the description.

[0019] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods described in the following embodiments are all conventional methods, and the reagents and materials described are all commercially available unless otherwise specified. In the description of this invention, the terms "lateral", "longitudinal", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0020] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, an electrically controlled fully open emergency pressure relief device includes: The main valve 100 includes a valve body 101, the valve body 101 having a through channel running vertically through it, a valve sleeve 103 being disposed within the channel, and a valve core 104 being disposed within the valve sleeve 103; a venting channel 109 is provided on one side of the valve body 101 corresponding to the position of the valve core 104, the venting channel 109 being in communication with the channel, and a notch is provided on the valve sleeve 103 corresponding to the venting channel 109 as a pressure relief port for the channel; Pilot valve 200 includes a high-pressure cylinder 201, a solenoid valve 302, and a buffer cylinder 205; one end of the channel is a fluid inlet 111 connected to a high-pressure manifold system, and the other end is connected to the high-pressure cylinder 201, with the piston of the high-pressure cylinder 201 abutting against the valve core 104; the inlet of the solenoid valve 203 is connected to the outlet of the high-pressure cylinder 201, and the outlet of the solenoid valve 203 is connected to the inlet of the buffer cylinder 205; The control system 300 includes a PLC controller 302 and a pressure sensor 303 installed in the high-pressure manifold system. The PLC controller 302 is connected to the pressure sensor 303 and the solenoid valve 203 respectively, and controls the opening and closing of the solenoid valve 203 according to the pressure data monitored by the pressure sensor 303.

[0021] In this technical solution, the valve sleeve 103 is fixed inside the valve body 101, and the valve sleeve 103 and the valve core 104 are clearance-fitted to allow the valve core 104 to slide axially within the valve sleeve 103. Sealing elements 102 are provided between the valve body 101 and the valve sleeve 103, and between the valve sleeve 103 and the valve core 104. The sealing elements 102 prevent leakage of the main valve 100 during normal operation of the high-pressure manifold system. During normal operation of the high-pressure manifold system, the solenoid valve 203 is closed, and the end of the valve core 104 near the fluid inlet 111 contacts the high-pressure fluid. The high-pressure cylinder 201 is filled with hydraulic oil, which overcomes the upward force formed by the high-pressure fluid on the valve core 104, preventing the valve core 104 from moving upward and preventing high-pressure fluid leakage during normal operation. At this time, the valve core 104 seals the pressure relief port, preventing the relief channel 109 from communicating with the channel. When the pressure sensor 303 detects overpressure in the high-pressure manifold system, the PLC controller 302 controls the solenoid valve 203 to open. Hydraulic oil in the high-pressure cylinder 201 is released into the buffer cylinder 205 through the solenoid valve 203. Simultaneously, the valve core 104, under the action of the overpressure fluid, pushes the piston in the high-pressure cylinder 201 to move, opening the pressure relief port and connecting the relief channel 109 to the channel, thus initiating pressure relief. The relief channel 109 can be connected to the relief pipeline 700 of the high-pressure manifold system. After pressure relief, the buffer cylinder 205 pushes the hydraulic oil back from the solenoid valve 203 to the high-pressure cylinder 201, which in turn pushes the valve core 104 to reset, closing the pressure relief port. Finally, the PLC controller 302 closes the solenoid valve 203. Both the solenoid valve 203 and the buffer cylinder 205 are housed within the protective cover 204. The inlet of the solenoid valve 203 is connected to the outlet of the high-pressure cylinder 201 via a first connecting pipe 202, and the outlet of the solenoid valve 203 is connected to the inlet of the buffer cylinder 205 via a second connecting pipe 204. Preferably, the inner hole of the valve sleeve 103 is a stepped hole with a larger upper diameter and a smaller lower diameter, forming a stepped surface on the inner wall of the valve sleeve 103. The valve body 104 is provided with a boss, which is configured such that when the piston in the high-pressure cylinder 201 is at its maximum stroke value under the action of hydraulic oil, the bottom surface of the boss exactly fits against the stepped surface, and the piston abuts against the valve core 104.

[0022] In another technical solution, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, a hemispherical groove is formed on the outer wall of the valve sleeve 103 on the side away from the notch, and a slot is formed on the side wall of the channel corresponding to the groove. A steel ball 105 is disposed between the groove and the slot. An observation hole 112 is formed on the outer wall of the valve body 101, and the observation hole 112 communicates with the slot. The steel ball 105 is installed in the groove and the slot to ensure that the notch of the valve sleeve 103 communicates with the relief channel 109 during assembly. The observation hole 112 is used to observe whether high-pressure fluid leakage has occurred.

[0023] In another technical solution, a bushing 107 and a retaining ring 108 are sequentially arranged from the inside to the outside in the venting channel 109, and a sealing packing 110 is provided between the valve body 101 and the retaining ring 108. The bushing 107 can protect the valve body 101 during pressure relief to prevent erosion. The retaining ring 108 and the valve body 101 are sealed by the sealing packing 110 to prevent leakage during pressure relief.

[0024] In another technical solution, the piston inside the high-pressure cylinder 201 divides its internal cavity into a first oil-filled chamber and a first oil-free chamber. The end of the high-pressure cylinder 201 with the first oil-free chamber is connected to the valve body 101 via a wing nut 106. The valve core 104 extends from the channel and into the first oil-free chamber, abutting against the piston. During normal operation of the high-pressure manifold system, the first oil-filled chamber contains hydraulic oil, and the oil outlet of the high-pressure cylinder 201 communicates with the first oil-filled chamber. During depressurization, the valve core 104 pushes the piston under the action of the overpressure fluid. At this time, the volume of the first oil-filled chamber gradually decreases, pushing the hydraulic oil into the solenoid valve 203. After depressurization, the hydraulic oil re-enters the first oil-filled chamber through the solenoid valve 203. At this time, the volume of the first oil-filled chamber gradually increases, pushing the piston and the valve core 104 until the valve core 104 resets.

[0025] In another technical solution, the buffer cylinder 205 includes a cylinder body and a piston head 206. The piston head 206 divides the inner cavity of the cylinder body into a second oil-filled chamber and a second oil-free chamber. A piston rod is provided at the end of the piston head 206 away from the second oil-filled chamber. The piston rod is slidably connected to the cylinder body and can extend out of the cylinder body. A spring 207 is provided in the second oil-free chamber. The spring 207 is sleeved on the piston rod, and its two ends are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cylinder body and the piston head 206, respectively. A mark is provided on the piston rod. The oil inlet of the buffer cylinder 205 communicates with the second oil-filled chamber. When the high-pressure manifold system is working normally, there is no hydraulic oil in the second oil-filled chamber. When depressurization occurs, the hydraulic oil in the high-pressure cylinder 201 enters the second oil-filled chamber through the solenoid valve 203, compressing the spring 207. After the pressure relief is completed, the rebound force of the spring 207 pushes the piston head 206, pushing the hydraulic oil back into the solenoid valve 203, and then back to the high-pressure cylinder 201. The mark is used to indicate the position of the piston head 206 in the cylinder body, so as to determine from the outside of the cylinder body whether the piston head 206 has moved into place, and thus determine whether the valve core 104 has been fully reset.

[0026] In another technical solution, the control system 300 further includes a displacement sensor and a first pressure sensor, both connected to the PLC controller 302. The displacement sensor is mounted on the piston rod to detect the displacement of the piston head 206. The first pressure sensor is mounted inside the high-pressure cylinder 201 to detect the oil pressure inside the high-pressure cylinder 201. When the high-pressure manifold is working normally, the displacement sensor can monitor whether the piston head is displaced to determine whether there is an internal leak in the solenoid valve 203. The data monitored by the first pressure sensor is within the normal range. If it is, it can be determined that the valve core 104 has been reset and the pressure relief port has been closed. If not, it indicates that the venting process has not ended or the hydraulic oil has not completely returned to the high-pressure cylinder 201, and the valve core 104 has not yet been reset.

[0027] In another technical solution, the control system 300 further includes a remote operation interface 304, which is communicatively connected to the PLC controller 302. This interface retrieves data monitored by the pressure sensor 303 and sends commands to the PLC controller 302 to remotely control the opening and closing of the solenoid valve 203. Through the remote operation interface 304, operators can remotely obtain and control the operating status of the electrically controlled fully open emergency pressure relief device. The remote operation interface 304 is a software program installed on a computer or mobile client. The PLC controller 302 and the remote operation interface 304 can be connected via an industrial VPN gateway. One end of the industrial VPN gateway is connected to the local area network where the PLC controller is located, and the other end is connected to the Internet via Ethernet, 4G / 5G, or fiber optic cable. Preferably, the control system 300 further includes an audible and visual alarm connected to the PLC controller. When the pressure sensor detects overpressure in the high-pressure manifold system, the audible and visual alarm is activated to issue an alarm message. During normal operation, if a leak occurs inside the solenoid valve 203, that is, when the displacement sensor detects movement of the piston head of the buffer cylinder, the audible and visual alarm is activated to issue an alarm message. When a power outage or other reasons cause signal loss, the audible and visual alarm is activated to issue an alarm message.

[0028] The present invention also provides an electrically controlled fully open emergency pressure relief method, using the aforementioned electrically controlled fully open emergency pressure relief device, comprising the following steps: S1. Connect the fluid inlet 111 to the high-pressure manifold system, and connect the venting channel 109 to the venting pipeline 700; install the pressure sensor 303 in the high-pressure manifold system, and keep hydraulic oil in the high-pressure cylinder 201; the solenoid valve 203 is in the closed state. S2. When the pressure sensor 303 detects an overpressure in the high-pressure manifold system, the PLC controller 302 controls the solenoid valve 203 to open. The high-pressure fluid in the high-pressure manifold system enters the valve body 101 through the fluid inlet 111, lifting the valve core 104 to the discharge channel 109 and connecting it with the channel. The high-pressure fluid enters the discharge pipeline through the discharge channel 109. At the same time, the piston in the high-pressure cylinder 201 presses hydraulic oil into the solenoid valve 203 and into the buffer cylinder 205, pushing the piston head 206 to compress the spring 207. S3. After the pressure relief is completed, the piston head 206, under the action of the spring 207, reverses and presses the hydraulic oil back into the solenoid valve 203, and flows back into the high-pressure cylinder 201. The piston in the high-pressure cylinder 201 pushes the valve core 104 to reset and close the pressure relief port. The solenoid valve 203 is closed by the PLC controller 302.

[0029] Figure 4This demonstrates one method of connecting the electrically controlled fully open emergency pressure relief device to a high-pressure manifold system. The relief channel 109 is connected to the relief pipeline 700 in the high-pressure manifold system, and the fluid inlet 111 is connected to one end of a hydraulic stopcock valve 400. The other end of the hydraulic stopcock valve 400 is connected to a T-tee 600, and the other two ends of the T-tee 600 are respectively connected to a reducing T-tee 500. The other two ends of the reducing T-tee are respectively connected to the pressure sensor 303 and the high-pressure manifold system. When any of the pressure sensors 303 detects that the pressure in the high-pressure manifold system exceeds a set value, the PLC controller controls the activation of the audible and visual alarm 301 and the solenoid valve 203 to initiate pressure relief. The set value is input by the operator through the remote operation panel 304. After pressure relief, when the data monitored by all the pressure sensors and the first sensor are within the normal range, the PLC controller controls the audible and visual alarm 301 and the solenoid valve 203 to close.

[0030] In another technical solution, in step S1, multiple electrically controlled fully open emergency pressure relief devices are connected to the high-pressure manifold system. Each electrically controlled fully open emergency pressure relief device has a hydraulically actuated stopcock valve 400 installed between its fluid inlet 111 and the high-pressure manifold system. Each hydraulically actuated stopcock valve 400 is connected to the PLC controller 302. When a leak occurs in one of the electrically controlled fully open emergency pressure relief devices, the PLC controller 302 controls the corresponding hydraulically actuated stopcock valve to close. By connecting multiple sets of electrically controlled fully open emergency pressure relief devices to the high-pressure manifold system, it is ensured that if any one of the electrically controlled fully open emergency pressure relief devices leaks, the remaining electrically controlled fully open emergency pressure relief devices can still ensure the normal operation of the high-pressure manifold system. The electrically controlled fully open emergency pressure relief device that leaks is isolated by its corresponding hydraulically actuated stopcock valve 400.

[0031] Although embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and embodiments. They can be applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other modifications can be easily made. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and their equivalents, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and illustrations shown and described herein.

Claims

1. An electrically controlled fully open emergency pressure relief device, characterized in that, include: The main valve includes a valve body, the valve body having a through channel running vertically through it, a valve sleeve being disposed within the channel, and a valve core being disposed within the valve sleeve; a venting channel is provided on one side of the valve body corresponding to the location of the valve core, the venting channel being connected to the channel, and a notch is provided on the valve sleeve corresponding to the venting channel as a pressure relief port for the channel; The pilot valve includes a high-pressure hydraulic cylinder, a solenoid valve, and a buffer hydraulic cylinder; one end of the channel is a fluid inlet connected to a high-pressure manifold system, and the other end is connected to the high-pressure hydraulic cylinder, with the piston of the high-pressure hydraulic cylinder abutting against the valve core; the inlet of the solenoid valve is connected to the outlet of the high-pressure hydraulic cylinder, and the outlet of the solenoid valve is connected to the inlet of the buffer hydraulic cylinder. The control system includes a PLC controller and a pressure sensor installed in the high-pressure manifold system. The PLC controller is connected to the pressure sensor and the solenoid valve respectively, and controls the opening and closing of the solenoid valve according to the pressure data monitored by the pressure sensor.

2. The electrically controlled fully open emergency pressure relief device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A hemispherical groove is formed on the outer wall of the valve sleeve away from the notch, and a slot is formed on the side wall of the channel corresponding to the groove. A steel ball is placed between the groove and the slot. An observation hole is formed on the outer wall of the valve body, and the observation hole communicates with the slot.

3. The electrically controlled fully open emergency pressure relief device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The venting channel is provided with a bushing and a retaining ring from the inside to the outside, and a sealing packing is provided between the valve body and the retaining ring.

4. The electrically controlled fully open emergency pressure relief device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The piston inside the high-pressure cylinder divides its internal cavity into a first oil-filled chamber and a first oil-free chamber. The end of the high-pressure cylinder with the first oil-free chamber is connected to the valve body through a wing nut. The valve core extends out from the channel and into the first oil-free chamber to abut against the piston.

5. The electrically controlled fully open emergency pressure relief device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The buffer cylinder includes a cylinder body and a piston head. The piston head divides the inner cavity of the cylinder body into a second oil-filled chamber and a second oil-free chamber. A piston rod is provided at the end of the piston head away from the second oil-filled chamber. The piston rod is slidably connected to the cylinder body and can extend out of the cylinder body. A spring is provided in the second oil-free chamber. The spring is sleeved on the piston rod and its two ends are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cylinder body and the piston head, respectively. A mark is provided on the piston rod.

6. The electrically controlled fully open emergency pressure relief device as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The control system further includes a displacement sensor and a first pressure sensor, both of which are connected to the PLC controller. The displacement sensor is mounted on the piston rod to detect the displacement of the piston head. The first pressure sensor is mounted inside the high-pressure cylinder to detect the oil pressure inside the high-pressure cylinder.

7. The electrically controlled fully open emergency pressure relief device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The control system also includes a remote operation interface, which is communicatively connected to the PLC controller to retrieve data monitored by the pressure sensor and send instructions to the PLC controller to remotely control the opening and closing of the solenoid valve.

8. A fully electrically controlled emergency pressure relief method, using the fully electrically controlled emergency pressure relief device as described in claim 6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Connect the fluid inlet to the high-pressure manifold system and the venting channel to the venting pipeline; install the pressure sensor in the high-pressure manifold system; retain hydraulic oil in the high-pressure cylinder; and keep the solenoid valve in the closed state. S2. When the pressure sensor detects an overpressure in the high-pressure manifold system, the PLC controller controls the solenoid valve to open. High-pressure fluid in the high-pressure manifold system enters the valve body through the fluid inlet, lifting the valve core to connect with the relief channel. The high-pressure fluid then enters the relief pipeline through the relief channel. Simultaneously, the piston in the high-pressure cylinder forces hydraulic oil into the solenoid valve and into the buffer cylinder, pushing the piston head to compress the spring. S3. After the pressure relief is completed, the piston head, under the action of the spring, reverses and presses the hydraulic oil back into the solenoid valve, and flows back into the high-pressure cylinder. The piston in the high-pressure cylinder pushes the valve core to reset, closing the pressure relief port; the solenoid valve is closed by the PLC controller.

9. The electrically controlled fully open emergency pressure relief method as described in claim 8, characterized in that, In step S1, multiple electrically controlled fully open emergency pressure relief devices are connected to the high-pressure manifold system, and a hydraulic plug valve is provided between the fluid inlet of each electrically controlled fully open emergency pressure relief device and the high-pressure manifold system. Each hydraulic plug valve is connected to the PLC controller. When the electrically controlled fully open emergency pressure relief device leaks, the corresponding hydraulic plug valve is closed by the PLC controller.

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