A method for quickly breaking a single-layer flat-laid brick arch of a side-blown smelting furnace

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of metallurgical furnace lining and maintenance, in particular to a single-layer flat-laid brick arch breaking method for a side-blown smelting furnace, which adopts single-layer flat-laid method to build the furnace drying brick arch at the furnace mouth of the side-blown smelting furnace, the single-layer flat-laid method arranges and builds the refractory bricks along the arch contour in a single-layer flat-laid manner to form an arch structure, and the brick arch is built with a built-in arch breaking device on the inner side of the brick arch; the furnace drying operation of the side-blown smelting furnace is carried out by using the single-layer flat-laid brick arch that has been built; after the furnace drying operation is completed, a hoist is installed above the brick arch, the hook of the hoist is connected with the lifting part of the arch breaking device; the hoist exerts an upward pulling force on the arch breaking device, the arch breaking device breaks the stable balance state of the brick arch during the rising process, so that the whole brick arch structure loses stability and collapses, and the arch breaking is realized quickly. The present application greatly reduces the construction complexity, shortens the building period, reduces the furnace building cost, and greatly improves the breaking efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of metallurgical furnace and kiln construction and maintenance technology, specifically to a method for rapid removal of a single-layer flat brick arch used in side-blown smelting furnaces. Background Technology

[0002] In the construction of metallurgical furnaces such as side-blown smelting furnaces, furnace drying is a crucial step in ensuring the quality of the furnace lining. The furnace lining directly withstands high-temperature erosion and thermal stress, and its quality determines the efficiency and safety of the furnace. Furnace drying requires removing moisture from the furnace lining through gradient heating to prevent cracking. Therefore, a temporary furnace drying brick arch needs to be built at the furnace mouth to seal the furnace cavity. This brick arch must have sufficient strength and be removable later.

[0003] Traditional furnace brick arches often employ double-layer floral masonry or conventional single-layer arch structures to ensure stability, but their construction and demolition are significantly limited and difficult to adapt to the needs of the modern metallurgical industry.

[0004] In the masonry construction phase, traditional techniques are complex and involve a large workload, resulting in high costs and long cycles. Limited furnace opening space necessitates double-layered masonry, requiring twice the material and demanding high precision in staggered construction; even conventional single-layered arches require strict control of brick joints and precision. Arch construction relies on arch supports, making setup and dismantling cumbersome, and operation in confined spaces is even more labor-intensive. Chinese patent CN103059883B points out the cumbersome problems of arch support and arch crown construction in confined spaces. The same applies to the construction of the furnace arch for side-blown smelting furnaces. The high construction costs and long cycles of temporary structures significantly increase the project burden.

[0005] Problems in the demolition process include low efficiency, high risk, and easy damage to the furnace body. After the furnace is dried, the brick arch needs to be completely removed. Traditional methods rely on manual labor or simple machinery, with construction workers using tools such as pneumatic picks to break or pry up the collapsed sections one by one before clearing them away. The drawbacks are obvious.

[0006] In terms of efficiency, the demolition of medium-sized brick arches takes several hours to several days, which does not meet the requirements of "short cycle and quick production"; in terms of safety, dust inside the furnace can easily cause occupational diseases, brick arch collapses can easily injure personnel, and high-altitude operations at the furnace opening can easily lead to falls; in terms of structural protection, strong impacts can easily damage permanent structures such as furnace walls and arch bases, increasing repair costs and affecting the furnace life. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the problems of high construction costs, long cycles, low demolition efficiency, high risks, and structural vulnerability in the existing technologies, this invention provides a method for rapid demolition of single-layer flat brick arches used in side-blown smelting furnaces.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0009] A method for rapid demolition of a single-layer flat-laid brick arch for a side-blown smelting furnace includes the following steps:

[0010] S1. Brick arch construction: A single-layer flat masonry method is used to construct a furnace arch at the furnace mouth of the side-blown smelting furnace. The single-layer flat masonry method is to arrange refractory bricks in a single-layer flat laying manner along the arch outline to form an arch structure. When constructing the brick arch, a breaking arch device is pre-embedded on the inner side of the brick arch.

[0011] S2. Furnace drying operation: The furnace cavity is sealed by a single-layer flat brick arch that has been completed, and the side-blown smelting furnace is dried.

[0012] S3. Install lifting equipment: After the oven drying operation is completed, install a hoist crane above the brick arch and connect the hook of the hoist crane to the lifting part of the arch breaking device.

[0013] S4. Upward lifting to break the arch: The arch-breaking device is pulled upward by the hoist. During the upward process, the arch-breaking device breaks the stable balance of the brick arch, causing the brick arch structure to become unstable and disintegrate, thus achieving rapid arch breaking.

[0014] S5. Material Recycling: After the brick arch is broken, the arch-breaking device is removed from the furnace, recycled, cleaned, and kept for later use. At the same time, the remaining brick arch fragments in the furnace are cleaned up, completing the preparations before starting the smelting furnace.

[0015] Furthermore, the arch-breaking device includes an arch-breaking round steel bar, a connecting round steel bar device, and a fixing device; the arch-breaking round steel bar is bent along the arch contour of the brick arch and is located at the center of the inner side of the single-layer flat brick arch; the connecting round steel bar device is located at the top of the arch-breaking round steel bar and is used to connect the arch-breaking round steel bar to the hoist; the fixing device is used to temporarily fix the arch-breaking round steel bar in a predetermined position during the masonry process.

[0016] Furthermore, the arch-breaking round steel is made of carbon steel or stainless steel, with a diameter of 20-40mm, and the curvature of the arch-breaking round steel matches the curvature of the inner surface of the single-layer flat brick arch.

[0017] Furthermore, the connecting round steel device includes a lifting ring and a connecting rod. The lifting ring is fixed to the top of the connecting rod and is used to connect with the hook of the hoist. The bottom end of the connecting rod is connected to the top center of the arch-breaking round steel.

[0018] Furthermore, the fixing device includes multiple support frames, which are temporarily set on the furnace walls on both sides of the single-layer flat brick arch during the masonry process to support and fix the arch-breaking round steel in a predetermined position.

[0019] Furthermore, in S1, the arch foot bricks of the single-layer flat brick arch are built on the arch foot seats on both sides of the furnace wall, and an expansion joint of 10-20mm is provided between the arch foot bricks and the furnace wall.

[0020] Furthermore, in S1, the masonry is laid symmetrically from the arch foot towards the arch crown, with locking bricks installed at the arch crown, and the locking bricks are tightened after the masonry is completed.

[0021] Furthermore, in S4, the hoist crane applies a lifting force of 5-15kN to the arch-breaking device, and the lifting speed is 0.1-0.5m / min.

[0022] Furthermore, the side-blown smelting furnace is a double-sided blowing smelting pool furnace, with a single-layer flat brick arch built at the charging port or maintenance port of the smelting furnace.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0024] This invention provides a rapid method for breaking a single-layer flat-laid brick arch in a side-blown smelting furnace. The method employs a single-layer flat-laid method, eliminating the need for complex double-layer masonry, reducing the amount of refractory bricks used and the number of construction steps. Combined with symmetrical construction from the arch foot to the arch top and brick locking, this significantly reduces construction complexity, shortens the construction cycle, and lowers furnace construction costs. Simultaneously, a breaking device is pre-embedded inside the brick arch. After furnace drying, only a hoist needs to be installed and connected to the breaking device. Lifting the arch upwards causes it to become unstable and disintegrate as a whole, avoiding traditional manual piece-by-piece breaking or mechanical impact methods. This reduces the breaking time from several hours to several days to a short time, significantly improving breaking efficiency. This breaking method eliminates the need for construction personnel to enter the furnace or operate at close range at the furnace opening, avoiding the risks of dust, collapse, and falls from height, ensuring operational safety. Furthermore, the breaking device disrupts the stability of the brick arch by lifting it as a whole, avoiding damage to permanent structures such as the furnace wall and arch foot from strong impacts, reducing repair costs. In addition, the arch-breaking device can be recycled and reused after cleaning, further reducing material costs and meeting the high-efficiency, safe, and low-cost construction needs of the modern metallurgical industry. Attached Figure Description

[0025] The embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0026] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of the single-layer flat brick arch and arch-breaking device of the present invention is shown;

[0027] Attached diagram labels: 1-Side-blown smelting furnace; 2-Furnace wall; 3-Arch base; 4-Single-layer flat brick arch; 41-Arch base brick; 42-Locking brick; 5-Arch breaking device; 51-Arch breaking round steel; 52-Connecting round steel device; 521-Lifting ring; 522-Connecting rod; 6-Cycle hoist. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0029] like Figure 1As shown, a method for rapid demolition of a single-layer flat-laid brick arch for a side-blown smelting furnace includes the following steps:

[0030] S1. Brick Arch Construction: A single-layer flat-laying method is used to construct the furnace arch at the opening of the side-blown smelting furnace 1. Specifically, firstly, arch foot bricks 41 are laid on the arch foot seats 3 on both sides of the furnace wall 2, leaving a 10-20mm expansion joint between the arch foot bricks 41 and the furnace wall 2. Then, using an arch support, the bricks are laid symmetrically from the arch foot towards the arch top. Single-layer flat-laying involves arranging refractory bricks in a single layer along the arch outline to form an arch structure. A locking brick 42 is placed at the center of the arch top, and after construction, the locking brick 42 is evenly tightened. Compared with traditional double-layer patterned masonry, single-layer flat-laying has a simpler structure, lower construction difficulty, and reduces the amount of work by 50%.

[0031] During the brick arch construction process, an arch-breaking device 5 is pre-embedded inside the brick arch. The arch-breaking device 5 includes an arch-breaking round steel 51, a connecting round steel device 52, and a fixing device.

[0032] The arch-breaking round steel 51 is made of carbon steel with a diameter of 20-40mm. Its curvature matches the curvature of the inner surface of the brick arch 4, and it is bent along the arch contour of the brick arch 4 and set in the center of the inner side of the brick arch.

[0033] The connecting round steel device 52 includes a lifting ring 521 and a connecting rod 522. The lifting ring 521 is fixed to the top of the connecting rod 522, and the bottom of the connecting rod 522 is welded and fixed to the center of the top of the arch-breaking round steel 51. The lifting ring 521 is used to connect with the hook of the hoist 6.

[0034] The fixing device includes multiple support frames, which are temporarily installed on the furnace walls 2 on both sides of the brick arch during the construction process to support and fix the arch-breaking round steel 51 in a predetermined position. The fixing device is removed after the brick arch is completed.

[0035] S2. Furnace Drying Operation: The furnace cavity is sealed using the single-layer flat brick arch 4, which has been completed, and the side-blown smelting furnace 1 is dried. The single-layer flat brick structure utilizes the weight of the furnace bricks themselves and the mutual support between the bricks to ensure the working strength of the brick arch during the furnace drying process, thus meeting the furnace drying requirements.

[0036] S3. Install lifting equipment: After the furnace drying operation is completed, install hoist 6 above the brick arch. Fix hoist 6 to the steel structure support above the furnace body, and connect the hook of hoist 6 to the lifting ring 521 of the arch breaking device 5.

[0037] S4. Upward Pulling to Break the Arch: The hoist 6 applies an upward pulling force of 5-15 kN to the arch-breaking device 5, with the pulling speed controlled at 0.1-0.5 m / min. During its ascent, the arch-breaking round steel 51 applies an upward thrust to the inner surface of the brick arch, breaking the stable equilibrium of the single-layer flat-laid brick arch, causing the entire brick arch structure to become unstable and disintegrate, thus achieving rapid arch breaking. Because the interaction forces between the furnace bricks in a single-layer flat-laid structure are relatively small, the upward pulling method can efficiently break the brick arch. The entire arch-breaking process can be completed in just a few minutes, several times more efficient than traditional manual arch-breaking methods.

[0038] S5. Material Recycling: After the brick arch is broken, the arch-breaking device 5 is removed from the furnace, recycled and cleaned for later use. At the same time, the remaining brick arch fragments in the furnace are cleaned up, completing the preparations before starting the smelting furnace.

[0039] This invention provides a rapid method for breaking a single-layer flat-laid brick arch in a side-blown smelting furnace. The method employs a single-layer flat-laid method, eliminating the need for complex double-layer masonry, reducing the amount of refractory bricks used and the number of construction steps. Combined with symmetrical construction from the arch foot to the arch top and brick locking, this significantly reduces construction complexity, shortens the construction cycle, and lowers furnace construction costs. Simultaneously, a breaking device is pre-embedded inside the brick arch. After furnace drying, only a hoist needs to be installed and connected to the breaking device. Lifting the arch upwards causes it to become unstable and disintegrate as a whole, avoiding traditional manual piece-by-piece breaking or mechanical impact methods. This reduces the breaking time from several hours to several days to a short time, significantly improving breaking efficiency. This breaking method eliminates the need for construction personnel to enter the furnace or operate at close range at the furnace opening, avoiding the risks of dust, collapse, and falls from height, ensuring operational safety. Furthermore, the breaking device disrupts the stability of the brick arch by lifting it as a whole, avoiding damage to permanent structures such as the furnace wall and arch foot from strong impacts, reducing repair costs. In addition, the arch-breaking device can be recycled and reused after cleaning, further reducing material costs and meeting the high-efficiency, safe, and low-cost construction needs of the modern metallurgical industry.

[0040] The foregoing descriptions have outlined some exemplary embodiments of the present invention. It is understood that these embodiments are merely illustrative and do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention. Features in these embodiments can be rearranged in suitable ways, and the resulting solutions remain within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the foregoing embodiments without inventive effort, i.e., all modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this application, fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for rapid demolition of a single-layer flat-laid brick arch for a side-blown smelting furnace, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Brick arch construction: A single-layer flat masonry method is used to construct a furnace arch at the furnace mouth of the side-blown smelting furnace (1). The single-layer flat masonry method is to lay refractory bricks in a single-layer flat manner along the arch outline to form an arch structure. When the brick arch is constructed, a breaking device (5) is pre-embedded on the inner side of the brick arch. S2. Furnace drying operation: The furnace cavity is sealed by the single-layer flat brick arch (4) that has been built, and the side-blown smelting furnace (1) is dried. S3. Install lifting equipment: After the oven drying operation is completed, install a hoist (6) above the brick arch and connect the hook of the hoist (6) to the lifting part of the arch breaking device (5); S4. Lifting the arch upwards to break it: The hoist (6) applies an upward pulling force to the arch-breaking device (5). During the upward process, the arch-breaking device (5) breaks the stable balance of the brick arch, causing the brick arch structure to become unstable and disintegrate, thus achieving rapid arch breaking. S5. Material recycling: After the brick arch is broken, the arch breaking device (5) is taken out of the furnace, recycled and cleaned for later use. At the same time, the remaining brick arch fragments in the furnace are cleaned up to complete the preparation work before starting the smelting furnace.

2. The method for rapid removal of a single-layer flat-laid brick arch for a side-blown smelting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The arch-breaking device (5) includes an arch-breaking round steel (51), a connecting round steel device (52), and a fixing device; the arch-breaking round steel (51) is bent along the arch outline of the brick arch and is located at the center of the inner side of the single-layer flat brick arch (4); the connecting round steel device (52) is located at the top of the arch-breaking round steel (51) and is used to connect the arch-breaking round steel (51) to the hoist (6); the fixing device is used to temporarily fix the arch-breaking round steel (51) in a predetermined position during the masonry process.

3. The method for rapid removal of a single-layer flat-laid brick arch for a side-blown smelting furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that, The arch-breaking round steel (51) is made of carbon steel or stainless steel and has a diameter of 20-40mm. The curvature of the arch-breaking round steel (51) matches the curvature of the inner surface of the single-layer flat brick arch (4).

4. A method for rapid removal of a single-layer flat-laid brick arch for a side-blown smelting furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that, The connecting round steel device (52) includes a lifting ring (521) and a connecting rod (522). The lifting ring (521) is fixed to the top of the connecting rod (522) and is used to connect with the hook of the hoist (6). The bottom end of the connecting rod (522) is connected to the top center of the arch-breaking round steel (51).

5. A method for rapid removal of a single-layer flat-laid brick arch for a side-blown smelting furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that, The fixing device includes multiple support frames, which are temporarily set on the furnace walls (2) on both sides of the single-layer flat brick arch (4) during the masonry process to support and fix the arch-breaking round steel (51) in a predetermined position.

6. A method for rapid removal of a single-layer flat-laid brick arch for a side-blown smelting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S1, the arch foot bricks (41) of the single-layer flat brick arch (4) are built on the arch foot seats (3) on both sides of the furnace wall (2), and an expansion joint of 10-20mm is provided between the arch foot bricks (41) and the furnace wall (2).

7. A method for rapid removal of a single-layer flat-laid brick arch for a side-blown smelting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S1, the masonry is laid symmetrically from the arch foot to the arch top, and a locking brick (42) is set at the arch top. After the masonry is completed, the locking brick (42) is tightened.

8. A method for rapid removal of a single-layer flat-laid brick arch for a side-blown smelting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S4, the lifting force applied by the hoist (6) to the arch-breaking device (5) is 5-15kN, and the lifting speed is 0.1-0.5m / min.

9. A method for rapid removal of a single-layer flat-laid brick arch for a side-blown smelting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The side-blown smelting furnace (1) is a double-sided blown smelting pool smelting furnace, and a single-layer flat brick arch (4) is built at the charging port or maintenance port of the smelting furnace.

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