Positioning measurement device and method for machining of complex thin-walled components

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical fields of large thin-walled component processing, and particularly relates to a positioning and measuring device and method for complex thin-walled component processing, which comprises a machine base, a flexible positioning system and a measuring unit, the flexible positioning system is installed on the machine base and is used for fixing the installation position and posture of the product, and the measuring unit is slidingly installed on the machine base and is used for realizing in-situ measurement of the product; the flexible positioning system comprises a plurality of flexible positioning units which are installed in sequence along the length direction of the machine base, a positioning base is installed on the machine base and is used for placing the product; a plurality of supporting columns and a plurality of displacement sensors are distributedly arranged on the inner walls of the two sides of the groove and are used for respectively flexibly positioning and surface point position measuring the product, and a clamping mechanism is installed on the top of a clamping mechanism support and is used for fixing the clamped product. The positioning and measuring device and method for complex thin-walled component processing aims to solve the problems of low processing precision and efficiency of complex thin-walled components.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of large thin-walled component processing technology, and specifically to a positioning and measuring device and method for processing complex thin-walled components. Background Technology

[0002] In the aerospace industry, numerous thin-walled components with complex shapes are used. These components typically feature large structural dimensions, low stiffness, and complex, varied shapes. To reduce weight and increase volume, thin-walled structures are often employed, resulting in relatively low stiffness for these large thin-walled components. In most cases, thin-walled components are fabricated using sheet metal methods. A certain machining allowance must be reserved in the sheet metal parts, requiring finishing in subsequent processes. Thin-walled components are easily deformed under stress during positioning, altering their geometric positioning features. Therefore, they cannot be machined according to theoretical positions and must be fabricated based on measured data.

[0003] If thin-walled components are transported along with positioning fixtures to the measuring instrument for measurement, on the one hand, the processing is interrupted, consuming a significant amount of time; on the other hand, transportation is difficult, especially for large thin-walled components and fixtures. Multiple protective measures must be taken during transportation, and improper handling may alter the relative positional relationship between the thin-walled component and the positioning fixture due to various forces exerted during transport, reducing positioning accuracy and affecting processing quality. Therefore, the measuring instrument should be transported to the vicinity of the thin-walled component for measurement, i.e., in-situ measurement.

[0004] Installing measuring instruments on product positioning fixtures requires addressing the following issues: (1) Arrange the measuring instruments on the product tooling in a reasonable manner. The processing range of the processing equipment should not be restricted due to the installation of measuring instruments, so as not to affect the processing of the product by the processing equipment. (2) Minimize the space required and avoid significantly increasing the size of the product positioning fixture due to the installation of measuring instruments; (3) Optimize the installation structure to prevent the product positioning fixture from deforming significantly due to the installation of measuring instruments, which would affect the product's positioning accuracy. (4) Rationally configure the motion degrees of freedom and motion stroke of the measuring instrument to ensure that the measurement range of the measuring instrument meets the product measurement requirements; (5) The motion mechanism of the measuring instrument is configured reasonably to achieve high motion accuracy, so that the motion error of the measuring instrument motion mechanism has as little impact on the measurement results as possible.

[0005] Therefore, the inventors provide a positioning and measuring device and method for machining complex thin-walled components. Summary of the Invention

[0006] (1) Technical problems to be solved This invention provides a positioning and measuring device and method for machining complex thin-walled components, which solves the technical problem of low machining accuracy and efficiency of complex thin-walled components.

[0007] (2) Technical solution This invention provides a positioning and measuring device for machining complex thin-walled components, comprising a base, a flexible positioning system, and a measuring unit. The flexible positioning system is mounted on the base and is used to fix the installation position and orientation of the product to be machined and the product after machining. The measuring unit is slidably mounted on the base and is used to realize in-situ measurement of the product to be machined and the product after machining. The flexible positioning system includes multiple flexible positioning units sequentially mounted along the length direction of the base. Each flexible positioning unit includes a positioning base, support columns, displacement sensors, a clamping mechanism support, and a clamping mechanism. The positioning base is mounted on the base and has a groove for placing the product to be machined and the product after machining. The multiple support columns are distributedly arranged on both sides of the inner wall of the groove and are used for flexible positioning of the product to be machined and the product after machining. The multiple displacement sensors are distributedly arranged on both sides of the inner wall of the groove and are used to measure the surface points of the product to be machined and the product after machining. The clamping mechanism support is mounted on the top of the positioning base, and the clamping mechanism is mounted on the top of the clamping mechanism support and is used to fix and clamp the product to be machined and the product after machining.

[0008] Furthermore, the support column passes through the positioning base and the distance between its end and the product to be processed and the processed product is adjustable.

[0009] Furthermore, the displacement sensor is installed on the positioning base and is used to measure the surface position points of the product to be processed and the processed product.

[0010] Furthermore, the flexible positioning system also includes an end auxiliary positioning unit, which is installed at at least one end of the machine base and is used to support the end of the product to be processed and the processed product.

[0011] Furthermore, the machine base includes a frame, a mounting plate, and position calibration blocks. The mounting plate is mounted on the frame, and its upper surface is used to mount the flexible positioning system. The plurality of position calibration blocks are respectively mounted on both sides of the frame and are used to measure the relative position of the machine base with respect to the processing equipment.

[0012] Furthermore, the base also includes a control box, which is mounted on the side of the frame and is used to automatically control the flexible positioning system and the measuring unit.

[0013] Furthermore, the measurement unit includes a measurement unit base, a slide table, a motion module, a measurement sensor, a calibration block, and a calibration block support. Two measurement unit bases are horizontally mounted on the base and respectively arranged on both sides of the flexible positioning system. The slide table is slidably mounted on the measurement unit base. The motion module is vertically mounted on the slide table and is used to drive the measurement sensor to move in the vertical direction. Two calibration block supports are respectively mounted at both ends of the base. The calibration block is mounted on the calibration block support and is used to calibrate its relative position with respect to the two measurement sensors.

[0014] Furthermore, the measuring unit base is provided with two parallel guide rails, and the slide table is slidably mounted on the two guide rails.

[0015] Furthermore, the calibration block support has an open mounting surface, and the two calibration blocks are respectively mounted on opposite sides of the opening.

[0016] The present invention also provides a measurement method using the above-mentioned positioning and measuring device for machining complex thin-walled components, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Determine the relative relationship between the machining equipment and the machine base, and convert the machine base coordinate system and the measurement unit coordinate system into the machining equipment coordinate system; Step 2: Secure the product to be processed in the flexible positioning system; Step 3: Move the measuring unit to the processing position of the product to be processed, and measure the initial state data of the part of the product to be processed; Step 4: Move the measuring unit to a position that does not affect the operation of the processing equipment, determine the initial processing parameters based on the initial state data, and process the product to be processed using the initial processing parameters; Step 5: Move the processing equipment to a position that does not affect the operation of the measuring unit, and use the measuring unit to measure the n processing status data of the processed product; n is a positive integer; Step 6: Determine the processing parameters for n+1 times based on the n processing status data, and process the product to be processed using the n+1 processing parameters; Step 7: Repeat steps 5 and 6 above until the processing of the complex thin-walled component is completed.

[0017] (3) Beneficial effects In summary, this invention, through a distributed flexible positioning system, can adapt to large curved surfaces with different structural forms and accurately determine the position of the product. Multiple support blocks distributed in an array work together to achieve product positioning, ensuring stable and reliable positioning of the product while minimizing the force exerted on the product and preventing deformation. Multiple displacement sensors measure the positions of multiple points on the product surface, and the position of the product's outer surface can be determined based on the positions of these points. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a positioning and measuring device for processing complex thin-walled components provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of a positioning and measuring device and a product for processing complex thin-walled components, provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a flexible positioning system in a positioning and measuring device for processing complex thin-walled components, provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a first-view structural schematic diagram of a flexible positioning unit in a positioning and measuring device for processing complex thin-walled components provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a second-view structural schematic diagram of a flexible positioning unit in a positioning and measuring device for processing complex thin-walled components provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the contact relationship between the support column and the product in a positioning and measuring device for processing complex thin-walled components according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the base in a positioning and measuring device for machining complex thin-walled components provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the position calibration block in a positioning and measuring device for processing complex thin-walled components provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a measuring unit in a positioning and measuring device for processing complex thin-walled components provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the calibration block and calibration block support in a positioning and measuring device for processing complex thin-walled components, provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 11 This is a schematic flowchart of a measurement method for processing complex thin-walled components provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the position coordinates of a reference point in a processing equipment coordinate system provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] In the picture: 1-Base; 11-Frame; 12-Mounting plate; 13-Position calibration block; 14-Control box; 2-Flexible positioning system; 21-Flexible positioning unit; 211-Positioning base; 212-Support column; 213-Displacement sensor; 214-Clamping mechanism support; 215-Clamping mechanism; 22-End auxiliary positioning unit; 3-Measuring unit; 31-Measuring unit base; 32-Slide table; 33-Motion module; 34-Measuring sensor; 35-Calibration block; 36-Calibration block support; 100-Product. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following detailed description of the embodiments and the accompanying drawings are used to illustrate the principles of the present invention by way of example, but should not be used to limit the scope of the present invention. That is, the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments, and any modifications, substitutions and improvements to the parts, components and connection methods are covered without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[0022] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. This application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0023] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of this invention is in use, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly understood by those skilled in the art. They are only used to facilitate the description of this invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0024] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set" and "install" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0025] A first aspect of the present invention provides a positioning and measuring device for machining complex thin-walled components, see [link to previous document]. Figures 1-4 The positioning and measuring device may include a base 1, a flexible positioning system 2, and a measuring unit 3. The flexible positioning system 2 is mounted on the base 1 and is used to fix the installation position and posture of the product to be processed and the processed product. The measuring unit 3 is slidably mounted on the base 1 and is used to realize in-situ measurement of the product to be processed and the processed product. The flexible positioning system 2 includes multiple flexible positioning units 21 installed sequentially along the length direction of the base 1. The flexible positioning unit 21 includes a positioning base 211, a support column 212, a displacement sensor 213, a clamping mechanism support 214, and a clamping mechanism 215. The positioning base 2... 11 is mounted on the base 1. The positioning base 211 has a groove for placing the product to be processed and the product after processing. Multiple support columns 212 are distributed on both sides of the inner wall of the groove and are used for flexible positioning of the product to be processed and the product after processing 100. Multiple displacement sensors 213 are distributed on both sides of the inner wall of the groove and are used to measure the surface points of the product to be processed and the product after processing. The clamping mechanism support 214 is mounted on the top of the positioning base 211. The clamping mechanism 215 is mounted on the top of the clamping mechanism support 214 and is used to fix and clamp the product to be processed and the product after processing 100.

[0026] In the above embodiments, the base 1 is typically mounted on the ground or the workbench of the processing equipment, determining the relative positional relationship between the positioning and measuring device and the processing equipment. To accurately position and stably clamp the product 100, and to reserve processing space for the product 100, multiple distributed flexible positioning devices 2 are used to position and clamp the product 100 at multiple locations. The flexible positioning devices 2 have flexible positioning functions, which can meet the precise positioning requirements of products 100 of different sizes. The measuring unit 3 is mounted on the base 1 and can have multiple degrees of freedom, moving to the position required for measurement, thereby realizing in-situ measurement of the entire product. See also... Figures 3-5Multiple support columns 212 are distributed on opposite side walls of the groove of the positioning base 211, passing through the positioning base 211 and extending inward. The product 100 is placed in the groove of the positioning base 211. The support columns 212 are very sensitive to contact force. When the continuously extending support column 212 contacts the surface of the product 100, even if the contact force is very small, the support column 212 will immediately stop moving and reliably lock. It will not loosen even if it is subjected to a large axial force. It should be noted that the support column 212 can specifically be a floating support, which is an existing product. Its working principle is as follows: When air is supplied, the support column 212 extends upwards. At this time, the collet containing the support column 212 loosens, allowing the support column 212 to slide freely. When the end face of the support column 212 contacts the workpiece, contact is achieved solely by the internal spring force (the contact force is very small and will not bend the workpiece). The air pressure thrust is "cut off" by the internal mechanism, and the support column 212 immediately stops advancing. The internal collet (clamp) immediately clamps the support column 212, generating a huge locking force through a self-locking principle. This self-locking force is much greater than the supporting force, and once locked, it cannot be pushed. Even under significant force, the support column 212 will not shorten. After releasing the locked state, compressed air is required to shorten the support column 212, thus ensuring reliable and powerful support. The presence of the support column 212 increases the support area and supporting force for the complex cylindrical component 100, ensuring stable and reliable clamping of the weakly rigid complex cylindrical component 100. Multiple support columns 212 arranged in an array collectively achieve the positioning of product 100, ensuring stable and reliable positioning of product 100 while minimizing the force exerted on it and preventing deformation. Each support column 212 can be lengthened according to positioning needs, thus enabling flexible positioning of various products 100, applicable to products of different sizes and structures. Multiple displacement sensors 213 (which can be various contact or non-contact sensors) are distributed on both sides of the positioning base 211, measuring the position of the product 100 surface inwards through the positioning base 211. These sensors measure the positions of multiple points on the product 100 surface, allowing the determination of the outer surface position of product 100. A clamping mechanism support 214 is mounted on the positioning base 211, and a clamping mechanism 215 is mounted on the clamping mechanism support 214. Once the product 100 is positioned, the clamping mechanism 215 clamps the product 100, thereby stably determining the relative positional relationship between the product 100 and the flexible positioning unit 21, which facilitates subsequent processing.Specifically, the clamping mechanism 215 can be a toggle clamp, a type of quick-release clamp. It achieves fast and reliable clamping through a four-bar toggle mechanism, lever amplification, and self-locking at the dead point. Through a combination of multi-stage levers and linkages, a small handle force is amplified into a large clamping force of the pressure head. When the handle is fully depressed, the internal key hinge points move to the same straight line (mechanical dead point). The reaction force of the workpiece on the pressure head is transmitted along the linkage axis, preventing the generation of a torque that would release the mechanism, thus achieving self-locking. Unlocking is only possible by manually moving the handle to move the mechanism away from the dead point. It should be noted that the clamping mechanism 215 is a conventional existing product, and its specific structural form and principle will not be elaborated upon.

[0027] See Figure 6 The first one installed in the flexible positioning unit base 211 The fixed position of each support column 212 is point . ,point The coordinates are , No. 212 support columns along Elongation in the direction, the first The ball joint at the end of the support column 212 stops after contacting product 100. The length of each support column 212 reaches , No. The radius of the ball head at the end of each support column 212 is Then the first The ball joint at the end of the support column 212 contacts the product 100. coordinates It can be calculated using the following formula. (1) pass With the support of 212 support columns, product 100 can be obtained. The coordinates of each point. To demonstrate universal applicability, assume that product 100 is a highly complex high-order surface, i.e., a surface defined by a polynomial equation of degree 3 or greater, which can be generally expressed as: (2) in, For coefficients; It represents the highest degree of the polynomial, which is greater than or equal to 3.

[0028] The calculated product 100 Substituting the coordinates of each point into formula (2) yields the coefficients in formula (2). This accurately expresses product 100, thus obtaining the accurate location of product 100 after positioning.

[0029] As an optional implementation method, such as Figure 3 As shown, the flexible positioning system 2 also includes an end auxiliary positioning unit 22, which is installed at at least one end of the base 1 and is used to support the end of the product to be processed and the processed product. At both ends of the multiple distributed flexible positioning units 21, end auxiliary positioning units 22 can be arranged according to the positioning requirements of the product 100 to support the end of the product 100 and prevent deformation of the end under gravity from affecting the accurate positioning of other parts of the product 100. It should be noted that the end auxiliary positioning unit 22 is a conventional existing product, and its specific structure and principle will not be elaborated here. Its main function is to achieve edge positioning of the product, playing an auxiliary role.

[0030] As an optional implementation method, such as Figure 7 As shown, the machine base 1 includes a frame 11, a mounting plate 12, and position calibration blocks 13. The mounting plate 12 is mounted on the frame 11, and its upper surface is used to mount the flexible positioning system 2. Multiple position calibration blocks 13 are respectively mounted on both sides of the frame 11 and are used to measure the relative position of the machine base 1 relative to the processing equipment. See also... Figure 7 The frame 11 is mounted on the ground or the workbench of the processing equipment. Other components of the base 1 are mounted on the frame 11. The mounting plate 12 is mounted on the frame 11, and its upper surface is used to mount the flexible positioning system 2 (including the flexible positioning unit 21 and the end auxiliary positioning unit 22). Multiple position calibration blocks 13 are respectively mounted on both sides of the structure 11 to indicate the relative position of the base 1 to the processing equipment. The position calibration blocks 13 have geometric features such as planes, arcs, and circular holes, which serve as positioning and measurement references to meet various measurement and positioning requirements. Furthermore, the base 1 also includes a control box 14, which is mounted on the side of the frame 11 and is used to automatically control the flexible positioning system 2 and the measurement unit 3 to achieve flexible positioning and in-situ measurement functions.

[0031] Furthermore, such as Figure 8 As shown, the position calibration block 13 can include various geometric features. A laser tracker target ball can be installed inside the reference hole, and the center of the reference hole in the plane can be determined by measuring the center of the target ball using a laser tracker. Alternatively, a dial indicator can be used to measure multiple points on the inner wall of the hole to determine the hole's axis, thus determining the center of the reference hole in the plane. Other scales (such as a checkerboard calibration plate used for photographic measurement) can also be installed in the reference hole, allowing other measuring sensors to measure the position of the reference hole. The position calibration block 13 also features a reference plane and a reference arc surface to meet the measurement needs of various measuring sensors.

[0032] As an optional implementation method, such as Figure 9As shown, the measurement unit 3 includes a measurement unit base 31, a slide table 32, a motion module 33, a measurement sensor 34, a calibration block 35, and calibration block supports 36. Two measurement unit bases 31 are horizontally mounted on the base 1 and respectively arranged on both sides of the flexible positioning system 2. The slide table 32 is slidably mounted on the measurement unit base 31. The motion module 33 is vertically mounted on the slide table 32 and is used to drive the measurement sensor 34 to move vertically. Two calibration block supports 36 are respectively mounted at both ends of the base 1. Figure 10 As shown, calibration blocks 35 are mounted on calibration block supports 36 and are used to calibrate their relative positions to the two measuring sensors 34. Specifically, the measuring unit 3 can move vertically and horizontally, expanding the measuring range of the measuring sensors 34 so that their measuring range can cover all geometric features of the product 4. The measuring unit base 31 has two parallel guide rails, and a slide table 32 is slidably mounted on the two guide rails and forms a mating relationship with them. Under the guidance of the guide rails, the slide table 32 can slide in the horizontal plane along the guiding direction of the guide rails. The motion module 33, often called a linear module, electric slide table, or linear unit, is a "standardized linear motion unit" that integrates a motor, guide rail, lead screw / synchronous belt, bearing, and housing into one unit; it can be understood as an "industrial-grade electric linear slide rail." The calibration block support 36 has an open mounting surface, and the two calibration blocks 35 are respectively mounted on opposite sides of the opening. Figure 10 As shown, the calibration block support 36 is fixedly installed on the machine base 1, and the calibration block 35 is fixedly installed on the calibration block support 36. Therefore, the relative positional relationship between the calibration block 35 and the machine base 1 is fixed and known. Since the position of the machine base 1 in the machining equipment coordinate system is known, the positions of all geometric features on the calibration block 35 in the machining equipment coordinate system are also known. Using the measuring sensor 34 to detect the geometric features on the calibration block 35 is equivalent to describing the geometric features on the calibration block 35 in the measuring coordinate system of the measuring sensor 34 itself. By comparing the descriptions of the geometric features on the calibration block 35 in the machining equipment coordinate system and the measuring coordinate system of the measuring sensor 34 itself, the correspondence between the machining equipment coordinate system and the measuring coordinate system of the measuring sensor 34 can be established, realizing the "hand-eye calibration" function, achieving the unification of the coordinate systems of "hand" and "eye", avoiding confusion, and facilitating machining.

[0033] A second aspect of this invention provides a positioning and measurement method for machining complex thin-walled components, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 11 The method may include the following steps: Step S100: Determine the relative relationship between the processing equipment and the machine base 1, and convert the machine base coordinate system and the measurement unit coordinate system into the processing equipment coordinate system.

[0034] Specifically, measuring instruments such as dial indicators are installed on the processing equipment, and the geometric features of several calibration blocks 13 installed on both sides of the machine base 1 are measured to obtain, for example, the geometric features of the calibration blocks 13. Figure 12 The coordinates of the reference point Pbi (i=1, 2, ..., n) in the coordinate system of the machining equipment are used to establish the coordinate system of the machine base 1, determining the relative positional relationship between the machine base 1 and the machining equipment. This allows the coordinate system of the machine base 1 to be transformed into the coordinate system of the machining equipment. The measuring sensor 34 moves to the vicinity of the calibration block 35, and the relative positional relationship between the measuring sensor 34 and the calibration block 35 is determined by detecting the geometric features on the calibration block 35. Since the calibration block 35 is fixedly mounted on the machine base 1 through the calibration block support 36, the relative positional relationship between the calibration block 35 and the machine base 1 is fixed and known. This achieves "hand-eye calibration," transforming the measuring coordinate system (measuring unit coordinate system) of the measuring sensor 34 into the positioning coordinate system (machine base coordinate system) of the machine base 1. Furthermore, the measuring coordinate system of the measuring sensor 34 can be further transformed into the machining coordinate system (machining equipment coordinate system), achieving coordination and consistency among the positioning coordinate system, measuring coordinate system, and machining coordinate system.

[0035] Step S200: Fix the product to be processed in the flexible positioning system 2.

[0036] Step S300: Move the measuring unit 3 to the processing position of the product to be processed, and measure the initial state data of the part of the product to be processed.

[0037] Specifically, the measuring sensor 34 achieves a wide range of two-dimensional motion with the help of the slider and slide table 32 of the motion module 33, and determines the initial state data (position coordinates of each measuring point) of the product 100 by measuring the geometric features of the product 100.

[0038] Step S400: Move the measuring unit 3 to a position that does not affect the operation of the processing equipment, determine the initial processing parameters based on the initial state data, and process the product to be processed using the initial processing parameters.

[0039] Step S500: Move the processing equipment to a position that does not affect the operation of the measuring unit, and use the measuring unit 3 to measure the n processing status data of the processed product; n is a positive integer; Step S600: Determine the processing parameters for n+1 times based on the processing status data of n times, and process the product to be processed using the processing parameters for n+1 times; Step S700: Repeat steps S500 to S600 until the processing of the complex thin-walled component is completed.

[0040] It should be noted that the various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to mutually. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments. The present invention is not limited to the specific steps and structures described above and shown in the figures. Furthermore, for the sake of brevity, detailed descriptions of known methods and techniques are omitted here.

[0041] The above are merely embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principle of this application should be included within the scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A positioning and measuring device for machining complex thin-walled components, characterized in that, The system includes a base (1), a flexible positioning system (2), and a measuring unit (3). The flexible positioning system (2) is installed on the base (1) and is used to fix the installation position and orientation of the product (100) to be processed and after processing. The measuring unit (3) is slidably installed on the base (1) and is used to realize in-situ measurement of the product (100) to be processed and after processing. The flexible positioning system (2) includes a plurality of flexible positioning units (21) sequentially installed along the length of the base (1). Each flexible positioning unit (21) includes a positioning base (211), a support column (212), a displacement sensor (213), a clamping mechanism support (214), and a clamping mechanism (215). The positioning base (211) is installed on the base (1) and has a groove for placing the product (100) to be processed and processed. The plurality of support columns (212) Multiple displacement sensors (213) are distributed on both sides of the inner wall of the groove and are used for flexible positioning of the product to be processed and the processed product (100). Multiple displacement sensors (213) are distributed on both sides of the inner wall of the groove and are used to measure the surface points of the product to be processed and the processed product. The clamping mechanism support (214) is installed on the top of the positioning base (211). The clamping mechanism (215) is installed on the top of the clamping mechanism support (214) and is used to fix and clamp the product to be processed and the processed product (100).

2. The positioning and measuring device for machining complex thin-walled components according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support column (212) passes through the positioning base (211) and the distance between its end and the product to be processed and the processed product is adjustable.

3. The positioning and measuring device for machining complex thin-walled components according to claim 1, characterized in that, The displacement sensor (213) is mounted on the positioning base (211) and is used to measure the surface position points of the product to be processed and the processed product.

4. The positioning and measuring device for machining complex thin-walled components according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flexible positioning system (2) further includes an end auxiliary positioning unit (22), which is installed at at least one end of the base (1) and is used to support the end of the product to be processed and the processed product.

5. The positioning and measuring device for machining complex thin-walled components according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base (1) includes a frame (11), a mounting plate (12) and a position calibration block (13). The mounting plate (12) is mounted on the frame (11) and its upper surface is used to mount the flexible positioning system (2). A plurality of the position calibration blocks (13) are respectively mounted on both sides of the frame (11) and are used to measure the relative position of the base (1) with respect to the processing equipment.

6. The positioning and measuring device for machining complex thin-walled components according to claim 5, characterized in that, The base (1) also includes a control box (14), which is mounted on the side of the frame (11) and is used to automatically control the flexible positioning system (2) and the measuring unit (3).

7. The positioning and measuring device for machining complex thin-walled components according to claim 1, characterized in that, The measurement unit (3) includes a measurement unit base (31), a slide (32), a motion module (33), a measurement sensor (34), a calibration block (35), and a calibration block support (36). The two measurement unit bases (31) are horizontally installed on the base (1) and respectively arranged on both sides of the flexible positioning system (2). The slide (32) is slidably installed on the measurement unit base (31). The motion module (33) is vertically installed on the slide (32) and is used to drive the measurement sensor (34) to move in the vertical direction. The two calibration block supports (36) are respectively installed at both ends of the base (1). The calibration block (35) is installed on the calibration block support (36) and is used to calibrate its relative position with the two measurement sensors (34).

8. The positioning and measuring device for machining complex thin-walled components according to claim 7, characterized in that, The measuring unit base (31) is provided with two parallel guide rails, and the slide (32) is slidably mounted on the two guide rails.

9. The positioning and measuring device for machining complex thin-walled components according to claim 7, characterized in that, The calibration block support (36) has an open mounting surface, and the two calibration blocks (35) are respectively mounted on opposite sides of the opening.

10. A measurement method using the positioning and measuring device for machining complex thin-walled components as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: Step 1: Determine the relative relationship between the processing equipment and the machine base (1), and convert the machine base coordinate system and the measurement unit coordinate system into the processing equipment coordinate system; Step 2: Fix the product to be processed in the flexible positioning system (2); Step 3: Move the measuring unit (3) to the processing position of the product to be processed, and measure the initial state data of the part of the product to be processed; Step 4: Move the measuring unit (3) to a position that does not affect the operation of the processing equipment, determine the initial processing parameters based on the initial state data, and process the product to be processed using the initial processing parameters; Step 5: Move the processing equipment to a position that does not affect the operation of the measuring unit, and use the measuring unit (3) to measure the n processing status data of the processed product; n is a positive integer; Step 6: Determine the processing parameters for n+1 times based on the n processing status data, and process the product to be processed using the n+1 processing parameters; Step 7: Repeat steps 5 and 6 above until the processing of the complex thin-walled component is completed.

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