High-precision measurement method for inner ring raceway parameters of large double-row tapered roller bearing based on three-coordinate measuring machine

Abstract

The application relates to a high-precision measurement method for the inner ring raceway parameters of a large double-row tapered roller bearing based on a three-coordinate measuring machine, and relates to the technical field of double-row tapered roller bearing inner ring raceway measurement. The application is used to solve the problem of low precision of the traditional measurement method for the inner ring raceway of a large double-row tapered roller bearing, thereby leading to low measurement efficiency. The application improves the measurement precision and efficiency. Since the measurement is non-contact, the measurement error caused by plastic cutting is reduced. The measurement method can realize automatic measurement, the machine automatically calculates the results, the measurement results are more accurate, and the measurement efficiency is higher. The measurement method can be applied to the measurement of various types of bearings, effectively improving the universality, and the measurement efficiency and precision are obviously improved. The application is suitable for accurate measurement of the inner ring raceway parameters of a double-row tapered roller bearing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of inner ring raceway measurement technology for double-row tapered roller bearings, specifically to a high-precision measurement method for inner ring raceway parameters of large double-row tapered roller bearings based on a coordinate measuring machine. Background Technology

[0002] Tapered roller bearings are separable bearings, with both the inner and outer rings having tapered raceways. These bearings are classified into different structural types based on the number of rows of rollers, such as single-row, double-row, and four-row tapered roller bearings. Single-row tapered roller bearings can withstand radial loads and axial loads in a single direction. When the bearing is under radial load, an axial component force will be generated, so another bearing capable of withstanding the opposite axial force is needed to balance it.

[0003] Currently, large double-row tapered roller bearings are key reference components in major equipment, and the machining accuracy of their inner ring raceways directly affects the bearing's load-bearing capacity, rotational accuracy, and service life. Currently, the raceway parameters for such bearings are mostly measured using traditional measuring tools (templates, height dimensions, calipers), special inspection tools, and molding slicing, which have the following drawbacks: First, they are prone to human error: traditional measuring tools introduce human reading errors, and molding slicing methods have high requirements for both molding and cutting; if the molded model is not ideal, or if the slicing is not perpendicular or has an angle, it will affect the accuracy of the measurement results. Second, they have low precision and low efficiency; for double-row raceways, the operation is cumbersome and has poor repeatability. Third, they provide limited information, making it difficult to simultaneously obtain geometric information such as raceway angle and raceway width. Fourth, traditional methods for measuring the raceway width of tapered roller bearings, using templates and molding, cannot meet the inspection requirements during the measurement process.

[0004] In summary, traditional methods for measuring the inner ring raceway of large double-row tapered roller bearings have low accuracy, resulting in low measurement efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention addresses the problem of low accuracy and low efficiency in traditional methods for measuring the inner raceway of large double-row tapered roller bearings. It proposes a high-precision method for measuring the inner raceway parameters of large double-row tapered roller bearings based on a coordinate measuring machine.

[0006] The present invention discloses a high-precision measurement method for the inner ring raceway parameters of a large double-row tapered roller bearing based on a coordinate measuring machine, the specific method of which is as follows:

[0007] Step 1: Select the measurement probe;

[0008] Step 2: Based on the structure of the inner raceway of the double-row tapered bearing and the structure of the measuring probe, the inner ring of the double-row tapered bearing needs to be shimmed to ensure that the L-shaped vertical probe does not touch the coordinate measuring machine table when measuring the lower raceway.

[0009] Step 3: Establish a coordinate system;

[0010] Step 4: Measure the parameters of the first raceway of the inner ring of the large double-row tapered roller bearing;

[0011] Step 5: Measure the parameters of the second raceway of the inner ring of the large double-row tapered roller bearing to complete the measurement;

[0012] Furthermore, the specific method for selecting the measuring probe in step one is as follows: based on the requirements of the inspection drawing and the structure of the raceway, a 3mm L-shaped probe is selected for measurement; the 3mm L-shaped vertical probe is used to measure the inner raceway reference: end face and inner diameter measurement; the 3mm L-shaped horizontal probe is used to measure the inner raceway.

[0013] Furthermore, the specific method for establishing the coordinate system in step three is as follows:

[0014] Step 3: 1. Roughly establish the workpiece coordinate system;

[0015] Step 3.2: Establish the workpiece coordinate system;

[0016] Furthermore, the specific method for roughly establishing the workpiece coordinate system in step three-one is as follows:

[0017] Step 3: Use an L-shaped vertical probe to collect 3 points on the base end face, and fit them into a manually defined plane PLA_MAN as the Z-axis direction of the workpiece coordinate system.

[0018] Step 3.12: Take 3 points on the inner diameter and fit them into a manual circle 1, which serves as the origin of the workpiece coordinate system. Take a point on the end face as point 1 (the direction of point 1 is consistent with the horizontal direction of the L-shaped probe). Connect the point 1 to the center of the inner diameter circle 1 and set it as line 1, which is the X-axis of the workpiece coordinate system. This completes the rough construction of the workpiece coordinate system.

[0019] Furthermore, the specific method for precisely establishing the workpiece coordinate system in step three-two is as follows:

[0020] Step 321: Under the rough workpiece coordinate system, based on the theoretical diameter of the inner diameter of the large double-row tapered roller bearing drawing plus 6mm, generate an automatic plane 2 with 6 points. Use an L-shaped vertical probe to automatically measure plane 2. The vector direction of plane 2 is the Z-axis direction of the fine workpiece coordinate system.

[0021] Step 322: Automatically generate an inner diameter circle 2 with 6 points minus 10mm under plane 2, as the origin of the fine workpiece coordinate system. Apply the manually measured point 1 as point 2 under the rough workpiece coordinate system. The line connecting the inner diameter circle 2 and point 2 is the straight line 2, which is defined as the X-axis of the fine workpiece coordinate system, thus completing the fine workpiece coordinate system.

[0022] Furthermore, the specific measurement method for measuring the first raceway parameters of the inner ring of the large double-row tapered roller bearing in step four is as follows:

[0023] Step 41: Generate three points in the precision workpiece coordinate system: point 4, point 5, and point 6. These three points are evenly distributed at the upper, middle, and lower positions of the first raceway ZX plane.

[0024] Step 42: Array these three points in a ring every 60° in the precision workpiece coordinate system to generate a total of thirty points. Measure them once with an L-shaped horizontal probe to obtain the actual point array of the first raceway. Fit the thirty points into a cone to form the actual conical element cone 1 of the first raceway.

[0025] Step 4.3: Use coordinate measuring software to evaluate the half angle of the actual cone 1 to obtain the actual cone angle α value of the first raceway.

[0026] Step 4: Finally, measure the value of the width H1 of the first raceway.

[0027] Furthermore, the specific measurement method for measuring the width H1 of the first raceway in step four is as follows:

[0028] Step 441: Use an L-shaped horizontal probe to measure the upper edge of the first raceway in the ZX direction of the precision-built workpiece coordinate system to obtain a plane 3, and then measure the lower edge of the first raceway to obtain a plane 4.

[0029] Step 442: In the ZX direction of the finely constructed workpiece coordinate system, generate four offset points such as PNT1, PNT2, PNT3, and PNT4. PNT2 and PNT1 are fitted to line 3, and PNT4 and PNT3 are fitted to line 4. Pierce the cone to obtain points PT1 and PT2 respectively. Use the piercing points PT1 and PT2 on the cone to fit a line 5.

[0030] Step 443: Use straight line 5 to pierce through the upper and lower guard planes 3 and 4 respectively, to obtain the piercing points P1 and P2 of the upper and lower guards;

[0031] Step 4: In the YZ direction of the precision-built workpiece coordinate system, generate 4 offset points: POT1, POT2, POT3, and POT4. Fit these 4 points in the YZ direction to a plane 5. Project the obtained upper and lower edge piercing points P1 and P2 onto plane 5 to obtain points POINT1 and POINT2. Use software to calculate the distance between POINT1 and POINT2 to obtain the raceway width H1.

[0032] Furthermore, the measurement method for the second raceway parameter of the inner ring of the large double-row tapered roller bearing in step five is the same as the measurement method for the first raceway parameter.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0034] This invention overcomes the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a method for measuring the raceway parameters of the inner ring of large double-row tapered roller bearings using a coordinate measuring machine (CMM), thereby improving measurement accuracy and efficiency. Because it is a non-contact measurement, it reduces measurement errors caused by plastic slicing. This method allows for automatic measurement and machine-calculated results for the inner ring parameters of such large double-row tapered roller bearings, resulting in more accurate and efficient measurements. This CMM-based method for measuring the parameters of large double-row tapered roller bearings is applicable to various bearing models, offering high versatility and significantly improved measurement efficiency and accuracy. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 This is an inspection diagram of the inner ring of a large double-row tapered roller bearing;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a configuration diagram for a 3mm L-shaped probe;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a clamping diagram for the inner ring of a large double-row tapered roller bearing;

[0038] Figure 4 It is a coordinate system established for the inner ring of large double-row tapered roller bearings;

[0039] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of measuring the raceway width of a large double-row tapered roller bearing;

[0040] Figure 1 In this context, α represents the actual cone angle of the first raceway; H1 represents the raceway width of the first raceway; β represents the actual cone angle of the second raceway; and H2 represents the raceway width of the second raceway. Detailed Implementation

[0041] Specific implementation method one: Combining Figures 1 to 3This embodiment describes a high-precision measurement method for the inner ring raceway parameters of a large double-row tapered roller bearing based on a coordinate measuring machine. The specific method is as follows:

[0042] Step 1: Select the measurement probe;

[0043] Step 2: Based on the structure of the inner raceway of the double-row tapered bearing and the structure of the measuring probe, the inner ring of the double-row tapered bearing needs to be shimmed to ensure that the L-shaped vertical probe does not touch the coordinate measuring machine table when measuring the lower raceway.

[0044] Step 3: Establish a coordinate system;

[0045] Step 4: Measure the parameters of the first raceway of the inner ring of the large double-row tapered roller bearing;

[0046] Step 5: Measure the parameters of the second raceway of the inner ring of the large double-row tapered roller bearing to complete the measurement;

[0047] This specific implementation method, based on coordinate measuring machine (CMM) measurement of the raceway parameters of the inner ring of large double-row tapered roller bearings, improves measurement accuracy and efficiency. Because it is a non-contact measurement, it reduces measurement errors caused by plastic slicing. This method allows for automatic measurement and machine-calculated results for the inner ring parameters of such large double-row tapered roller bearings, resulting in more accurate and efficient measurements. This CMM-based method for measuring the parameters of large double-row tapered roller bearings is applicable to various bearing models, exhibiting high versatility and significantly improved measurement efficiency and accuracy.

[0048] Specific Implementation Method Two: Combining Figure 1 and Figure 2 This embodiment further defines the measurement method described in Specific Embodiment 1. This embodiment describes a high-precision measurement method for the inner raceway parameters of a large double-row tapered roller bearing based on a coordinate measuring machine. The specific method for selecting the measuring probe in step one is as follows: Based on the requirements of the inspection drawing and the structure of the raceway, a 3mm L-shaped probe is selected for measurement; the 3mm L-shaped vertical probe is used to measure the inner raceway reference: end face and inner diameter measurement; the 3mm L-shaped horizontal probe is used to measure the inner raceway.

[0049] In this specific embodiment, an L-shaped horizontal probe is used to facilitate penetration into the inner ring of the bearing and to make contact with the inner wall of the bearing inner ring.

[0050] Specific implementation method three: Combining Figure 1 and Figure 2This embodiment further defines the measurement method described in Specific Embodiment 1. The specific method for establishing the coordinate system in step three of the high-precision measurement method for the inner ring raceway parameters of a large double-row tapered roller bearing based on a coordinate measuring machine, as described in this embodiment, is as follows:

[0051] Step 3: 1. Roughly establish the workpiece coordinate system;

[0052] Step 3.2: Establish the workpiece coordinate system.

[0053] Specific implementation method four: Combination Figures 1 to 5 This embodiment further defines the measurement method described in Specific Embodiment Three. The specific method for coarsely establishing the workpiece coordinate system in step three-one of the high-precision measurement method for the inner ring raceway parameters of a large double-row tapered roller bearing based on a coordinate measuring machine, as described in this embodiment, is as follows:

[0054] Step 3: Use an L-shaped vertical probe to collect 3 points on the base end face, and fit them into a manually defined plane PLA_MAN as the Z-axis direction of the workpiece coordinate system.

[0055] Step 3.12: Take 3 points on the inner diameter and fit them into a manual circle 1, which serves as the origin of the workpiece coordinate system. Take a point on the end face as point 1 (the direction of point 1 is consistent with the horizontal direction of the L-shaped probe). Connect the point 1 to the center of the inner diameter circle 1 and set it as line 1, which is the X-axis of the workpiece coordinate system. This completes the rough construction of the workpiece coordinate system.

[0056] Specific Implementation Method Five: Combining Figures 1 to 5 This embodiment further defines the measurement method described in Specific Embodiment Four. The specific method for precisely establishing the workpiece coordinate system in step three-two of the high-precision measurement method for the inner ring raceway parameters of a large double-row tapered roller bearing based on a coordinate measuring machine described in this embodiment is as follows:

[0057] Step 321: Under the rough workpiece coordinate system, based on the theoretical diameter of the inner diameter of the large double-row tapered roller bearing drawing plus 6mm, generate an automatic plane 2 with 6 points. Use an L-shaped vertical probe to automatically measure plane 2. The vector direction of plane 2 is the Z-axis direction of the fine workpiece coordinate system.

[0058] Step 322: Automatically generate a circle 2 with an inner diameter of 6 points minus 10mm under plane 2, which serves as the origin of the fine workpiece coordinate system. Apply the manually measured point 1 as point 2 under the rough workpiece coordinate system. The line connecting the inner diameter circle 2 and point 2 is the straight line 2, which is defined as the X-axis of the fine workpiece coordinate system, thus completing the fine workpiece coordinate system.

[0059] Specific Implementation Method Six: Combination Figures 1 to 5This embodiment further defines the measurement method described in Specific Embodiment 1. This embodiment provides a high-precision measurement method for the raceway parameters of the inner ring of a large double-row tapered roller bearing based on a coordinate measuring machine. The specific measurement method for measuring the first raceway parameter of the inner ring of the large double-row tapered roller bearing in step four is as follows:

[0060] Step 41: Generate three points in the precision workpiece coordinate system: point 4, point 5, and point 6. These three points are evenly distributed at the upper, middle, and lower positions of the first raceway ZX plane.

[0061] Step 42: Array these three points in a ring every 60° in the precision workpiece coordinate system to generate a total of thirty points. Measure them once with an L-shaped horizontal probe to obtain the actual point array of the first raceway. Fit the thirty points into a cone to form the actual conical element cone 1 of the first raceway.

[0062] Step 4.3: Use coordinate measuring software to evaluate the half angle of the actual cone 1 to obtain the actual cone angle α value of the first raceway.

[0063] Step 4: Finally, measure the value of the width H1 of the first raceway.

[0064] Specific implementation method seven: Combining Figures 1 to 5 This embodiment further defines the measurement method described in Specific Embodiment Six. The specific measurement method for measuring the raceway parameters of the inner ring of a large double-row tapered roller bearing based on a coordinate measuring machine, as described in this embodiment, is as follows:

[0065] Step 441: Use an L-shaped horizontal probe to measure the upper edge of the first raceway in the ZX direction of the precision-built workpiece coordinate system to obtain a plane 3, and then measure the lower edge of the first raceway to obtain a plane 4.

[0066] Step 442: In the ZX direction of the finely constructed workpiece coordinate system, generate four offset points such as PNT1, PNT2, PNT3, and PNT4. PNT2 and PNT1 are fitted to line 3, and PNT4 and PNT3 are fitted to line 4. Pierce the cone to obtain points PT1 and PT2 respectively. Use the piercing points PT1 and PT2 on the cone to fit a line 5.

[0067] Step 443: Use straight line 5 to pierce through the upper and lower guard planes 3 and 4 respectively, to obtain the piercing points P1 and P2 of the upper and lower guards;

[0068] Step 4: In the YZ direction of the precision-built workpiece coordinate system, generate 4 offset points: POT1, POT2, POT3, and POT4. Fit these 4 points in the YZ direction to a plane 5. Project the obtained upper and lower edge piercing points P1 and P2 onto plane 5 to obtain points POINT1 and POINT2. Use software to calculate the distance between POINT1 and POINT2 to obtain the raceway width H1.

[0069] Specific implementation method eight: Combination Figures 1 to 5 This embodiment further defines the measurement method described in Specific Embodiment 1. The high-precision measurement method for the inner raceway parameters of a large double-row tapered roller bearing based on a coordinate measuring machine described in this embodiment uses the same method for measuring the second raceway parameter of the inner raceway in step five as for measuring the first raceway parameter in step four.

Claims

1. A high-precision measurement method for the raceway parameters of the inner ring of a large double-row tapered roller bearing based on a coordinate measuring machine, characterized in that: The specific method is as follows: Step 1: Select the measurement probe; Step 2: Based on the structure of the inner raceway of the double-row tapered bearing and the structure of the measuring probe, the inner ring of the double-row tapered bearing needs to be shimmed to ensure that the L-shaped vertical probe does not touch the coordinate measuring machine table when measuring the lower raceway. Step 3: Establish a coordinate system; Step 4: Measure the parameters of the first raceway of the inner ring of the large double-row tapered roller bearing; Step 5: Measure the parameters of the second raceway of the inner ring of the large double-row tapered roller bearing to complete the measurement.

2. The high-precision measurement method for the inner ring raceway parameters of a large double-row tapered roller bearing based on a coordinate measuring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific method for selecting the measuring probe in step one is as follows: According to the requirements of the inspection drawing and the structure of the raceway, a 3mm L-shaped probe is selected for measurement; the 3mm L-shaped vertical probe is used to measure the inner raceway reference: end face and inner diameter measurement; the 3mm L-shaped horizontal probe is used to measure the inner raceway.

3. The high-precision measurement method for the inner ring raceway parameters of a large double-row tapered roller bearing based on a coordinate measuring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific method for establishing the coordinate system in step three is as follows: Step 3:

1. Roughly establish the workpiece coordinate system; Step 3.2: Establish the workpiece coordinate system.

4. The high-precision measurement method for the inner ring raceway parameters of a large double-row tapered roller bearing based on a coordinate measuring machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The specific method for roughly establishing the workpiece coordinate system in step three is as follows: Step 3: Use an L-shaped vertical probe to collect 3 points on the base end face, and fit them into a manually defined plane PLA_MAN as the Z-axis direction of the workpiece coordinate system. Step 3.12: Take 3 points on the inner diameter and fit them into a manual circle 1, which serves as the origin of the workpiece coordinate system. Take a point on the end face as point 1 and connect it with the center of the inner diameter circle 1 to form a straight line 1, which is then defined as the X-axis of the workpiece coordinate system. This completes the rough construction of the workpiece coordinate system.

5. The high-precision measurement method for the inner ring raceway parameters of a large double-row tapered roller bearing based on a coordinate measuring machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The specific method for precisely establishing the workpiece coordinate system in step three, part two is as follows: Step 321: Under the rough workpiece coordinate system, based on the theoretical diameter of the inner diameter of the large double-row tapered roller bearing drawing plus 6mm, generate an automatic plane 2 with 6 points. Use an L-shaped vertical probe to automatically measure plane 2. The vector direction of plane 2 is the Z-axis direction of the fine workpiece coordinate system. Step 322: Automatically generate a circle 2 with an inner diameter of 6 points minus 10mm under plane 2, which serves as the origin of the fine workpiece coordinate system. Apply the manually measured point 1 as point 2 under the rough workpiece coordinate system. The line connecting the inner diameter circle 2 and point 2 is the straight line 2, which is defined as the X-axis of the fine workpiece coordinate system, thus completing the fine workpiece coordinate system.

6. The high-precision measurement method for the inner ring raceway parameters of a large double-row tapered roller bearing based on a coordinate measuring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific measurement method for measuring the first raceway parameters of the inner ring of the large double-row tapered roller bearing in step four is as follows: Step 41: Generate three points in the precision workpiece coordinate system: point 4, point 5, and point 6. These three points are evenly distributed at the upper, middle, and lower positions of the first raceway ZX plane. Step 42: Array these three points in a ring every 60° in the precision workpiece coordinate system to generate a total of thirty points. Measure them once with an L-shaped horizontal probe to obtain the actual point array of the first raceway. Fit the thirty points into a cone to form the actual conical element cone 1 of the first raceway. Step 4.3: Use coordinate measuring software to evaluate the half angle of the actual cone 1 to obtain the actual cone angle α value of the first raceway. Step 4: Finally, measure the value of the width H1 of the first raceway.

7. The high-precision measurement method for the inner ring raceway parameters of a large double-row tapered roller bearing based on a coordinate measuring machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The specific measurement method for measuring the width H1 of the first raceway in step four is as follows: Step 441: Use an L-shaped horizontal probe to measure the upper edge of the first raceway in the ZX direction of the precision-built workpiece coordinate system to obtain a plane 3, and then measure the lower edge of the first raceway to obtain a plane 4. Step 442: In the ZX direction of the finely constructed workpiece coordinate system, generate four offset points such as PNT1, PNT2, PNT3, and PNT4. PNT2 and PNT1 are fitted to line 3, and PNT4 and PNT3 are fitted to line 4. Pierce the cone to obtain points PT1 and PT2 respectively. Use the piercing points PT1 and PT2 on the cone to fit a line 5. Step 443: Use straight line 5 to pierce through the upper and lower guard planes 3 and 4 respectively, to obtain the piercing points P1 and P2 of the upper and lower guards; Step 4: In the YZ direction of the precision-built workpiece coordinate system, generate 4 offset points: POT1, POT2, POT3, and POT4. Fit these 4 points in the YZ direction to a plane 5. Project the obtained upper and lower edge piercing points P1 and P2 onto plane 5 to obtain points POINT1 and POINT2. Use software to calculate the distance between POINT1 and POINT2 to obtain the raceway width H1.

8. The high-precision measurement method for the inner ring raceway parameters of a large double-row tapered roller bearing based on a coordinate measuring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The measurement method for the second raceway parameter of the inner ring of the large double-row tapered roller bearing in step five is the same as the measurement method for the first raceway parameter in step four.

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