Offshore sea area water temperature distribution sensing monitoring device

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of offshore sea area water temperature distribution sensing monitoring devices, it is related to monitoring device technical field.The monitoring body, lifting unit, detection unit, front and rear propulsion unit and drive source are included.Lifting unit is driven cam by drive source, the telescopic part of float is expanded or shrunk, and the volume of drainage is adjusted to realize the lifting of device.Detection unit is driven driving disc by drive source, utilizes the cooperation of track and rolling element, controls sliding rod to drive temperature sensor to extend or retract from storage groove, and is equipped with double sealing assembly.The application realizes the independent control of buoyancy adjustment and sensor telescoping by single drive source cooperation electromagnetic transmission, and the structure is compact.At the same time, double sealing structure cooperates active water pressure self-adapting compression sealing, effectively protects temperature sensor, significantly improves the survivability, monitoring flexibility and data accuracy of device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of monitoring device technology, specifically a nearshore sea temperature distribution sensing and monitoring device. Background Technology

[0002] Information on nearshore water temperature distribution is a crucial foundational parameter for marine scientific research, guiding aquaculture production, assessing the quality of the nearshore ecological environment, and conducting regional climate forecasting. Currently, nearshore water temperature monitoring primarily relies on monitoring devices deployed in the sea. These devices first use temperature sensors to monitor the temperature, then transmit the data back to a data center via wireless communication modules, thus achieving real-time monitoring of the surface water temperature in the monitored area. However, this type of monitoring device cannot monitor the temperature at different depths of the ocean. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a nearshore water temperature distribution sensing and monitoring device to solve the problems raised in the prior art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a nearshore water temperature distribution sensing and monitoring device, comprising a monitoring body, a lifting unit, a detection unit, a forward and backward propulsion unit, and a drive source; The lifting unit includes a cam, a float, a reciprocating component, and an air storage component. The cam is mounted on the output end of the drive source via a first transmission component. The float includes a fixed part, a telescopic part, and a sliding part. The fixed part is mounted on the monitoring body, and the telescopic part connects the fixed part and the sliding part. One end of the reciprocating component is connected to the sliding part, and the other end of the reciprocating component contacts the cam. The air storage component is disposed on the monitoring body and is connected to the fixed part via a pipe. The detection unit includes a telescopic mechanism and a detection element. The telescopic mechanism is installed at the output end of the drive source via a second transmission component, and the detection element is installed on the telescopic mechanism. The forward and backward propulsion unit is installed on the monitoring body.

[0005] The cam has a protrusion. A return spring connects the reciprocating component and the monitoring body.

[0006] When the monitoring device needs to be raised or lowered, the control system energizes multiple electromagnets on the cam. These electromagnets attract the magnet at the output end of the drive source. Under the influence of the magnetic attraction, the output end of the drive source can drive the cam to rotate, thus transmitting power. At this time, the electromagnets on the drive plate are de-energized, and the drive source cannot drive the drive plate to rotate, thus cutting off the power.

[0007] When the monitoring device needs to rise, the control system opens the solenoid valve in the discharge pipe and controls the drive source to rotate forward to a preset angle. The drive source drives the cam to rotate forward by a certain angle through multiple electromagnets and magnets, causing the protrusion on the cam to push the reciprocating part to move outward. The reciprocating part drives the sliding part to move towards the outside of the monitoring body. As the sliding part moves, the sliding part drives the telescopic part to gradually unfold, making the chamber formed by the fixed part, telescopic part and sliding part gradually larger. At this time, the medium in the gas storage device is transported to the chamber through the discharge pipe. The overall volume of the float expands, the drainage volume increases, the buoyancy increases, and the monitoring device floats. When the flow meter feedback flow reaches the set value, the solenoid valve in the discharge pipe is closed.

[0008] When the monitoring device needs to submerge, the control system commands the drive source to rotate in the opposite direction to its original position and controls the solenoid valve in the discharge pipe to open, causing the protrusion on the cam to gradually disengage from the reciprocating component. Under the action of external water pressure or a return spring, the reciprocating component moves inward, causing the sliding part to retract, the telescopic part to be compressed, the chamber volume to decrease, the internal medium to be squeezed back into the air storage component, the float volume to shrink, the buoyancy to decrease, and the monitoring device to sink; when the flow meter feedback indicates that the flow rate has reached the set value, the solenoid valve in the discharge pipe will be closed.

[0009] The telescopic mechanism includes a storage slot, a sliding rod, and an active disc. The storage slot is installed on the monitoring body, and a double sealing assembly is installed in the outlet of the storage slot. The sliding rod is slidably installed in the receiving trough. The sliding rod near the outlet of the receiving trough is provided with helical teeth, and the sliding rod near the inlet of the receiving trough is provided with a rolling element. A reset element, which is a reset spring, is connected between the receiving trough and the sliding rod. The detection element is installed on the sliding rod and is a temperature sensor used to monitor the seawater temperature. The active disk is mounted on the output end of the drive source via a second transmission component. The active disk is provided with a track of varying depth, and the rolling element contacts the track.

[0010] The dual sealing assembly includes a dustproof ring, a sealing ring, a sliding groove, and a sealing plate. The dustproof ring and the sealing ring are installed sequentially in the outlet of the receiving groove, and both the dustproof ring and the sealing ring form a sliding sealing connection with the sliding rod. Multiple sliding grooves and sealing plates are provided correspondingly. Multiple sliding grooves are located on one side of the sealing ring and are provided on the receiving groove. Multiple sealing plates form a sliding sealing connection with multiple sliding grooves. Multiple sealing plates form an annular structure. One side of multiple sealing plates is provided with a first tooth shape that cooperates with the helical teeth on the sliding rod. When the sliding rod drives the helical teeth to push the first tooth shape, the helical teeth push the first tooth shape and the sealing plate to move outward along the sliding groove, converting the axial movement of the sliding rod into the radial movement of the sealing plate. Multiple sealing plates are provided with perforations. Multiple perforations are connected to an electric shrinking component. The electric shrinking component is electrically connected to the control system. An elastic element is connected between the sliding groove and the sealing plate. The elastic element is a spring or an elastic plate, etc.

[0011] The track includes a jacking section and a wave section arranged in sequence, with a transition section between the jacking section and the wave section, and the rolling element contacts the jacking section, the transition section and the wave section.

[0012] After prolonged operation, the detection element and sliding rod are prone to accumulating impurities, requiring cleaning. The control system, via a drive source and a second transmission component, drives the active disc to rotate in the opposite direction by a preset angle. At this point, the wave-shaped part on the active disc contacts the rolling element, and the wave-shaped part, in conjunction with the reset component, causes the rolling element to vibrate back and forth. This, in turn, causes the detection element on the sliding rod to vibrate back and forth, thus cleaning the impurities. The dislodged impurities fall into the seawater. After the vibration cleaning is complete, the drive source and second transmission component retract the sliding rod and detection element back into the collection tank.

[0013] Both the first and second transmission components include a magnet and an electromagnet. The magnet is installed on the output end of the drive source, and the electromagnet is installed on the cam and the drive plate, respectively. The magnet and the electromagnet are arranged opposite to each other, and the electromagnet is connected to the control system.

[0014] The gas storage device is provided with a discharge pipe, which is connected to the fixed part. A solenoid valve and a flow meter are installed inside the discharge pipe, and both the solenoid valve and the flow meter are electrically connected to the control system.

[0015] The telescopic part is made of elastic material and has several pleats.

[0016] The side of the multiple sealing plates that are in contact with each other is made of an elastic material, and a sealing membrane is connected between two adjacent sealing plates to seal the gap between the two adjacent sealing plates.

[0017] The forward and backward propulsion units include boosters, which are electrically connected to the control system.

[0018] The monitoring device is equipped with a solar panel, which is electrically connected to the control system.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. Employing a single drive source to transmit different power sources results in a more compact structure. The first and second transmission components are formed by the magnet at the output of the drive source interacting with the electromagnets on the cam and the drive disc. The control system selectively energizes different electromagnets to switch power between the lifting and detection units, allowing a single drive source to independently control buoyancy adjustment and sensor extension / retraction. This enables independent control of two core functional modules by a single drive source, greatly simplifying the internal structure and control logic of the device, and reducing manufacturing costs and size. The transmission or disconnection of power via electromagnetic engagement and disengagement avoids complex mechanical clutch structures, improving the reliability and response speed of power switching, and providing a foundation for the compact and lightweight design of the device.

[0020] 2. Precise buoyancy adjustment is achieved. The control system controls the rotation of the drive source, which in turn drives the cam to push the reciprocating component, thereby controlling the expansion and contraction of the telescopic part. In conjunction with the solenoid valves and flow meters on the air storage component and discharge pipe, the system precisely controls the volume of medium entering or exiting the float, achieving precise buoyancy adjustment. This enables precise control of the monitoring device's vertical movement in the water. Feedback from the flow meter allows for quantitative changes in the float's volume, thus precisely controlling buoyancy variations. This allows the device to hover stably or move precisely to a preset water depth. Furthermore, temperature monitoring via a temperature sensor provides a reliable platform for obtaining high-precision vertical water temperature distribution data.

[0021] 3. The sealing effect varies with water pressure. After the sensor retracts, a ring structure composed of multiple sealing plates forms a second layer of seal. The sealing plates are opened and closed by helical teeth on the sliding rod. The control system adjusts the current of the electric retraction component based on water depth data, causing it to retract and pull the sealing plates radially, achieving an active compression seal that strengthens with increasing water pressure. The helical tooth drive ensures that the sealing plates automatically open and close during sensor extension and retraction, without affecting measurement operations. The introduction of the electric retraction component allows the sealing force to be dynamically adjusted according to external water pressure: the deeper the dive, the greater the water pressure, and the tighter the seal. This completely solves the problem of leakage caused by traditional static seals under deep water and high pressure, providing ultimate protection for the safe operation of the sensor in deep water environments. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the buoy in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the reciprocating component in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the sliding rod in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the active disk structure in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pushing part in this invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the sealing ring structure in this invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the sealing plate in this invention.

[0023] In the diagram: 1. Monitoring unit; 11. Solar panel; 2. Lifting unit; 21. Cam; 22. Float; 221. Fixing part; 222. Telescopic part; 223. Sliding part; 23. Reciprocating part; 24. Gas storage part; 241. Discharge pipe; 3. Detection unit; 31. Storage slot; 32. Sliding rod; 321. Rolling part; 33. Active disc; 331. Track; 3311. Pushing part; 3312. Wave part; 34. Detection element; 35. Sealing ring; 36. Sliding groove; 361. Sealing plate; 37. Electric retraction part; 4. Forward and backward propulsion unit; 5. Drive source. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] Example: Figures 1-8As shown, this invention provides a technical solution for a nearshore water temperature distribution sensing and monitoring device, including a monitoring body 1, a lifting unit 2, a detection unit 3, a forward and backward propulsion unit 4, and a drive source 5; the lifting unit 2 includes a cam 21, a float 22, a reciprocating component 23, and an air storage component 24. The cam 21 is mounted on the output end of the drive source 5 via a first transmission component. The float 22 includes a fixed part 221, a telescopic part 222, and a sliding part 223. The fixed part 221 is mounted on the monitoring body 1, the telescopic part 222 connects the fixed part 221 and the sliding part 223, one end of the reciprocating component 23 is connected to the sliding part 223, and the other end of the reciprocating component 23 contacts the cam 21. The air storage component 24 is disposed on the monitoring body 1 and is connected to the fixed part 221 via a pipe; the detection unit 3... Unit 3 includes a telescopic mechanism and a detection element 34. The telescopic mechanism is installed at the output end of the drive source 5 via a second transmission component, and the detection element 34 is installed on the telescopic mechanism. The forward and backward propulsion unit 4 is installed on the monitoring body 1. The telescopic part 222 is made of elastic material and has several pleats. The gas storage component 24 is provided with a discharge pipe 241. The gas storage component 24 is used to provide a medium and can be an air bag, gas cylinder, etc. The discharge pipe 241 is connected to the fixed part 221. The discharge pipe 241 is provided with a solenoid valve and a flow meter. The solenoid valve and the flow meter are electrically connected to the control system. The forward and backward propulsion unit 4 includes a booster. The booster is electrically connected to the control system. The monitoring body 1 is provided with a solar panel 11. The solar panel 11 is electrically connected to the control system.

[0026] A protrusion is provided on the cam 21. A return spring is connected between the reciprocating component 23 and the monitoring body 1.

[0027] When the monitoring device needs to be raised or lowered, the control system energizes multiple electromagnets on the cam 21. The multiple electromagnets attract the magnet on the output end of the drive source 5. Under the action of the magnetic attraction, the output end of the drive source 5 can drive the cam 21 to rotate, so as to realize power transmission. At this time, the electromagnets on the drive plate 33 are de-energized, and the drive source 5 cannot drive the drive plate 33 to rotate, thus realizing power cut-off.

[0028] When the monitoring device needs to rise, the control system opens the solenoid valve in the discharge pipe 241 and controls the drive source 5 to rotate forward to a preset angle. The drive source 5 drives the cam 21 to rotate forward by a certain angle through multiple electromagnets and magnets, causing the protrusion on the cam 21 to push the reciprocating part 23 to move outward. The reciprocating part 23 drives the sliding part 223 to move towards the outside of the monitoring body 1. As the sliding part 223 moves, the sliding part 223 drives the telescopic part 222 to gradually unfold, so that the chamber formed by the fixed part 221, the telescopic part 222 and the sliding part 223 gradually increases. At this time, the medium in the gas storage component 24 is transported to the chamber through the discharge pipe 241. The overall volume of the float 22 expands, the drainage volume increases, the buoyancy increases, and the monitoring device floats. When the flow meter feedback flow reaches the set value, the solenoid valve in the discharge pipe 241 is closed.

[0029] When the monitoring device needs to submerge, the control system commands the drive source 5 to rotate in the opposite direction to its original position and controls the solenoid valve in the discharge pipe 241 to open. The protrusion on the cam 21 gradually disengages from the reciprocating part 23. Under the action of external water pressure or a return spring, the reciprocating part 23 moves inward, causing the sliding part 223 to retract, the telescopic part 222 to be compressed, the chamber volume to decrease, the internal medium to be squeezed back into the air storage part 24, the volume of the float 22 to shrink, the buoyancy to decrease, and the monitoring device to sink. When the flow meter feedback flow reaches the set value, the solenoid valve in the discharge pipe 241 is closed.

[0030] The telescopic mechanism includes a receiving groove 31, a sliding rod 32, and an active disc 33. The receiving groove 31 is mounted on the monitoring body 1, and a double sealing assembly is installed in the outlet of the receiving groove 31. The sliding rod 32 is slidably mounted in the receiving groove 31. The sliding rod 32 near the outlet of the receiving groove 31 is provided with helical teeth, and the sliding rod 32 near the inlet of the receiving groove 31 is provided with a rolling element 321. A reset element, which is a reset spring, is connected between the receiving groove 31 and the sliding rod 32. A detection element 34, which is a temperature sensor, is mounted on the sliding rod 32 to monitor the seawater temperature. The active disc 33 is mounted on the output end of the drive source 5 through a second transmission component. The active disc 33 is provided with a depth-varying track 331, and the rolling element 321 is in contact with the track 331.

[0031] When it is necessary to monitor the seawater temperature, the control system energizes the electromagnets on the active disk 33. The multiple electromagnets on the active disk 33 attract the magnet on the output end of the drive source 5. Under the action of the magnetic attraction, the output end of the drive source 5 can drive the active disk 33 to rotate, so as to realize the power transmission. At this time, the electromagnets on the cam 21 are de-energized, and the drive source 5 cannot drive the cam 21 to rotate, thus realizing the power cut-off.

[0032] After the power to cam 21 is cut off, the electromagnet on cam 21 feeds the data back to the control system. The control system controls the drive source 5 to rotate forward to a preset angle. The output end of the drive source 5 drives the active disk 33 to rotate through the magnet and electromagnet. The active disk 33 drives the push part 3311 to contact the rolling part 321. The push part 3311 pushes the rolling part 321 to move away from the active disk 33. The rolling part 321 drives the sliding rod 32 to slide forward in the receiving groove 31. At the same time, the sliding rod 32 compresses the reset part, causing the detection element 34 on the sliding rod 32 to emerge from the receiving groove 31 and contact the external seawater. The detection element 34 detects the temperature of the seawater and feeds the data back to the control system. When water temperature detection is not required, the control system controls the drive source 5 to rotate in the opposite direction and return to its original position. The output end of the drive source 5 drives the active disk 33 to rotate in the opposite direction and return to its original position through the second transmission component. The active disk 33 drives the push part 3311 away from the rolling part 321. At this time, the reset part is released. The reset part pulls the sliding rod 32 towards the active disk 33 through its own elastic force, so that the sliding rod 32 drives the detection element 34 into the storage tank 31 to avoid damage from long-term exposure to seawater. By controlling the rotation angle of the active disk 33 through the drive source 5, the precise extension and retraction of the detection element 34 can be achieved.

[0033] The dual-sealing assembly includes a dustproof ring, a sealing ring 35, a sliding groove 36, and a sealing plate 361. The dustproof ring and the sealing ring 35 are sequentially installed inside the outlet of the receiving groove 31, and both the dustproof ring and the sealing ring 35 form a sliding seal connection with the sliding rod 32. Multiple sliding grooves 36 and sealing plates 361 are correspondingly provided. Multiple sliding grooves 36 are located on one side of the sealing ring 35 and are disposed on the receiving groove 31. Multiple sealing plates 361 form a sliding seal connection with the multiple sliding grooves 36, and the multiple sealing plates 361 form an annular shape. The structure includes multiple sealing plates 361 with a first tooth profile on one side that engages with the helical teeth on the sliding rod 32. When the sliding rod 32 drives the helical teeth to push the first tooth profile, the helical teeth push the first tooth profile and the sealing plate 361 outward along the sliding groove 36, converting the axial movement of the sliding rod 32 into the radial movement of the sealing plate 361. Multiple sealing plates 361 are provided with through holes, which are connected together to an electric retraction component 37, which is electrically connected to the control system. An elastic element, such as a spring or an elastic plate, connects the sliding groove 36 and the sealing plates 361.

[0034] When the sliding rod 32 drives the detection element 34 to move away from the active disk 33, the helical teeth at one end of the sliding rod 32 follow the movement. The helical teeth push multiple sealing plates 361 to move radially outward along the sliding groove 36 through the first tooth shape. The multiple sealing plates 361 simultaneously stretch the elastic element, and the annular structure formed by the multiple sealing plates 361 opens, so that the sliding rod 32 drives the detection element 34 to pass through the receiving groove 31 and contact the seawater for water temperature monitoring.

[0035] When the sliding rod 32 moves the detection element 34 toward the active disk 33, the elastic element is released. The elastic element pulls multiple sealing plates 361 to move radially inward along the sliding groove 36. The multiple sealing plates 361 seal the outlet of the receiving groove 31 to prevent seawater from entering and corroding the detection element 34.

[0036] When the monitoring device is underwater and the detection element 34 is retracted, the control system adjusts the current supplied to the electric retractor 37 according to the water depth data, so that the electric retractor 37 retracts after being energized. The electric retractor 37 pulls multiple sealing plates 361 radially inward along the sliding groove 36 through multiple perforations, so that the multiple sealing plates 361 are sealed more tightly, preventing seawater from entering due to the rise of external water pressure. The control system has the function of water depth detection, and adjusts the current of the electric shrinking component 37 flexibly according to the specific water depth data to ensure that the sealing effect adapts to the water pressure change. When the monitoring device moves downward, the water pressure is greater, the current of the electric shrinking component 37 of the control system is greater, the electric shrinking component 37 pulls multiple sealing plates 361 to become tighter, and the sealing effect is significantly improved.

[0037] Dustproof rings and sealing rings 35 are installed sequentially at the outlet of the receiving trough 31, forming a sliding seal with the sliding rod 32 to block external impurities and seawater, thus forming the first layer of seal; then, a second layer of seal is achieved through multiple sealing plates 361 to improve the sealing effect.

[0038] The track 331 includes a pusher 3311 and a wave section 3312 arranged in sequence, with a transition section between the pusher 3311 and the wave section 3312, and the rolling element 321 contacts the pusher 3311, the transition section and the wave section 3312.

[0039] After the detection element 34 and sliding rod 32 have been working for a long time, impurities are easily deposited on them, requiring cleaning. At this time, the control system drives the active disk 33 to rotate in the opposite direction by a preset angle through the drive source 5 and the second transmission component. At this time, the wave part 3312 on the active disk 33 contacts the rolling element 321. The wave part 3312 and the reset component work together to make the rolling element 321 vibrate back and forth. The rolling element 321 drives the detection element 34 on the sliding rod 32 to vibrate back and forth, thus cleaning the impurities. The shaken-off impurities fall into the seawater. After the vibration cleaning is completed, the sliding rod 32 and detection element 34 are returned to the collection tank 31 through the drive source 5 and the second transmission component.

[0040] Both the first and second transmission components include a magnet and an electromagnet. The magnet is installed on the output end of the drive source 5, and the electromagnet is installed on the cam 21 and the drive disc 33 respectively. The magnet and the electromagnet are arranged opposite to each other, and the electromagnet is connected to the control system.

[0041] The side of the multiple sealing plates 361 that comes into contact with each other is made of elastic material. A sealing membrane is connected between two adjacent sealing plates 361 to seal the gap between the two adjacent sealing plates 361.

[0042] Working principle: The device achieves vertical and horizontal movement through the cooperation of the lifting unit 2 and the front and rear propulsion unit 4.

[0043] When it is necessary to float, the control system energizes the electromagnet on the cam 21, causing it to engage with the magnet on the output end of the drive source 5. The drive source 5 rotates in the forward direction and drives the cam 21 to rotate. The protrusion on the cam 21 pushes the reciprocating part 23 to move outward, which in turn drives the sliding part 223 of the float 22 to slide outward, causing the elastic material-made, pleated telescopic part 222 to gradually unfold. The volume of the chamber formed by the fixed part 221, the telescopic part 222, and the sliding part 223 increases. At the same time, the control system opens the solenoid valve in the discharge pipe 241 of the gas storage component 24. The medium in the gas storage component 24 is injected into the chamber through the pipe. The overall volume of the float 22 expands, the drainage volume increases, and the buoyancy increases, causing the monitoring device to float. When the flow meter feedback indicates that the injection volume has reached the set value, the solenoid valve closes.

[0044] When a dive is required, the control system commands the drive source 5 to rotate in the opposite direction to its original position. The protrusion on the cam 21 gradually disengages from the reciprocating part 23. Under the action of external water pressure or the return spring, the reciprocating part 23 moves inward, causing the sliding part 223 to retract. The telescopic part 222 is compressed, the chamber volume decreases, and the internal medium is squeezed back into the air storage part 24. At the same time, the solenoid valve in the discharge pipe 241 opens until it closes after the flow meter feedback reaches the set value. The volume of the float 22 decreases, the buoyancy decreases, and the monitoring device sinks.

[0045] When horizontal movement is required, it will be achieved by the forward and backward propulsion unit 4. The control system controls the booster to start, and drives the monitoring device to move forward or backward by generating thrust.

[0046] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A nearshore seawater temperature distribution sensing and monitoring device, characterized in that: It includes a monitoring body (1), a lifting unit (2), a detection unit (3), a forward and backward propulsion unit (4), and a drive source (5); The lifting unit (2) includes a cam (21), a float (22), a reciprocating component (23), and an air storage component (24). The cam (21) is mounted on the output end of the drive source (5) via a first transmission component. The float (22) includes a fixed part (221), a telescopic part (222), and a sliding part (223). The fixed part (221) is mounted on the monitoring body (1). The telescopic part (222) connects the fixed part (221) and the sliding part (223). One end of the reciprocating component (23) is connected to the sliding part (223), and the other end of the reciprocating component (23) is in contact with the cam (21). The air storage component (24) is set on the monitoring body (1) and is connected to the fixed part (221) via a pipe. The detection unit (3) includes a telescopic mechanism and a detection element (34). The telescopic mechanism is installed at the output end of the drive source (5) through a second transmission component, and the detection element (34) is installed on the telescopic mechanism. The forward and backward propulsion unit (4) is installed on the monitoring body (1).

2. The nearshore water temperature distribution sensing and monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The telescopic mechanism includes a storage slot (31), a sliding rod (32) and an active disc (33). The storage slot (31) is installed on the monitoring body (1), and a double sealing assembly is installed in the outlet of the storage slot (31). The sliding rod (32) is slidably installed in the storage groove (31). The sliding rod (32) near the outlet of the storage groove (31) is provided with helical teeth, and the sliding rod (32) near the inlet of the storage groove (31) is provided with a rolling element (321). A reset element is connected between the storage groove (31) and the sliding rod (32). The detection element (34) is installed on the sliding rod (32). The active disk (33) is mounted on the output end of the drive source (5) via a second transmission component. The active disk (33) is provided with a track (331) of varying depth, and the rolling component (321) contacts the track (331).

3. The nearshore water temperature distribution sensing and monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The dual sealing assembly includes a dustproof ring, a sealing ring (35), a sliding groove (36) and a sealing plate (361). The dustproof ring and the sealing ring (35) are installed in sequence in the outlet of the receiving groove (31). The dustproof ring and the sealing ring (35) form a sliding sealing connection with the sliding rod (32). The sliding groove (36) and sealing plate (361) are provided in multiple ways. The multiple sliding grooves (36) are located on one side of the sealing ring (35). The multiple sliding grooves (36) are provided on the receiving groove (31). The multiple sealing plates (361) and the multiple sliding grooves (36) form a sliding sealing connection. The multiple sealing plates (361) form a ring structure. The multiple sealing plates (361) are provided with a first tooth shape on one side that cooperates with the oblique teeth on the sliding rod (32). The multiple sealing plates (361) are provided with perforations. The multiple perforations are connected to an electric shrinking component (37). The electric shrinking component (37) is electrically connected to the control system. An elastic element is connected between the sliding groove (36) and the sealing plate (361).

4. The nearshore water temperature distribution sensing and monitoring device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The track (331) includes a pusher (3311) and a wave section (3312) arranged in sequence, and a transition section is provided between the pusher (3311) and the wave section (3312). The rolling element (321) contacts the pusher (3311), the transition section and the wave section (3312).

5. The nearshore water temperature distribution sensing and monitoring device according to claim 4, characterized in that: Both the first and second transmission components include a magnet and an electromagnet. The magnet is installed on the output end of the drive source (5), and the electromagnet is installed on the cam (21) and the drive disc (33) respectively. The magnet and the electromagnet are arranged opposite to each other, and the electromagnet is connected to the control system.

6. The nearshore water temperature distribution sensing and monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas storage component (24) is provided with a discharge pipe (241), which is connected to the fixing part (221). A solenoid valve and a flow meter are provided inside the discharge pipe (241), and the solenoid valve and the flow meter are electrically connected to the control system.

7. The nearshore water temperature distribution sensing and monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The telescopic part (222) is made of elastic material and has several pleats.

8. The nearshore water temperature distribution sensing and monitoring device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The side of the multiple sealing plates (361) that are in contact with each other is made of an elastic material, and a sealing membrane is connected between two adjacent sealing plates (361).

9. The nearshore water temperature distribution sensing and monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The forward and backward propulsion unit (4) includes a booster, which is electrically connected to the control system.

10. The nearshore water temperature distribution sensing and monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The monitoring body (1) is equipped with a solar panel (11), which is electrically connected to the control system.

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