Portable soil aggregate sampling device and method

Abstract

The application discloses a portable soil aggregate sampling device and a sampling method. The sampling device comprises a supporting small shovel and a mounting seat with a sampling cutter at the bottom end. The sampling cutter comprises a middle blade, and the two sides of the middle blade along a second horizontal direction are respectively provided with a first side blade and a second side blade which can be synchronously away from or close to each other. The middle blade, the first side blade, the second side blade and the bottom end surface of the mounting seat form an accommodating cavity, and the opening of the accommodating cavity is used for communicating with a soil profile pit. The supporting small shovel comprises a bearing plate, and the two sides of the bearing plate in the second horizontal direction are respectively inwardly folded to form a first baffle and a second baffle. The bottom end of the bearing plate is inwardly folded to form a cutting baffle. The bearing plate, the first baffle, the second baffle and the cutting baffle form a sampling cavity. The supporting small shovel is used for being placed in the soil profile pit and can be inserted into the accommodating cavity in a first horizontal direction. The application ensures that the soil aggregate sample remains in an integral hierarchical structure after being taken out.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of soil sampling technology, specifically to a portable soil aggregate sampling device and sampling method. Background Technology

[0002] Soil aggregates are the basic structural units of soil, playing a vital role in soil moisture retention, gas exchange, and nutrient storage. In agricultural research and soil science, accurate and reliable collection of soil aggregate samples is crucial for soil structure analysis, soil fertility assessment, and soil improvement research.

[0003] Traditional soil sampling devices include drilling samplers, soil sampling tubes, and mechanized sampling devices. However, most of these devices rely on vertical pressure or cutting methods, which can easily compress or stretch the soil during drilling or extraction, leading to the breakage or morphological changes of soil aggregates. This is especially problematic for soils with high water content or saline-alkali soils, as they cannot effectively preserve the original soil structure, thus affecting the integrity of the soil aggregate structure. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a sampling device that can effectively maintain the integrity of the soil aggregate structure. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a portable soil aggregate sampling device and sampling method to solve the problem that the prior art lacks a sampling device that can effectively maintain the structural integrity of soil aggregates.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a portable soil aggregate sampling device for sampling in a target area with soil profile pits, the sampling device comprising: The sampling device includes: Mounting base; A sampling tool is disposed at the bottom of the mounting base along the vertical direction. The sampling tool includes a central blade, a first side blade, and a second side blade. The first side blade and the second side blade are located on one side of the central blade in a first horizontal direction and are disposed opposite to each other on both sides of the central blade along a second horizontal direction. The central blade, the first side blade, the second side blade, and the bottom surface of the mounting base form a receiving cavity. The opening of the receiving cavity is used to communicate with the soil profile pit. An adjustment mechanism is provided on the mounting base and is used to drive the first side blade and the second side blade to move away from or towards each other synchronously in the second horizontal direction; the vertical direction, the first horizontal direction and the second horizontal direction are perpendicular to each other; The small shovel is separately disposed from the sampling knife. The small shovel includes a support plate. The two sides of the support plate are folded inward to form a first baffle and a second baffle, respectively, and the bottom end of the support plate is folded inward to form a cutting baffle. The support plate, the first baffle, the second baffle and the cutting baffle form a sampling cavity. The supporting shovel is used to place in the soil profile pit and can be inserted into the receiving cavity in the first horizontal direction.

[0006] The portable soil aggregate sampling device according to the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: By positioning the first and second side blades opposite each other on either side of the central blade in a second horizontal direction, the first and second side blades are driven by an adjustment mechanism to move synchronously closer or further apart. During sampling, a regular soil profile pit is first excavated in the target area, and the first and second side blades are moved synchronously closer to each other to a first position. Then, with the sampling tool maintaining the opening of the receiving cavity facing the soil profile pit, downward pressure is applied to the mounting base, causing the sampling tool to be inserted vertically downward into the soil of the target area. After the bottom surface of the mounting base abuts against the ground of the target area (i.e., the receiving cavity is filled with soil), the first and second side blades are driven by the adjustment mechanism to move synchronously further apart to a second position, causing the first and second side blades to expand outward relative to the soil in the receiving cavity to achieve sidewall cutting and enclosure, and forming a first groove and a second groove between the first and second side blades and the soil in the receiving cavity, respectively. Then, a supporting shovel is placed into the soil profile pit and inserted into the receiving cavity in the first horizontal direction. This device not only allows the cutting baffle to cut the soil in the vertical direction within the sampling chamber from other parts of the soil, forming soil aggregate samples and supporting the bottom of the soil aggregate samples; it also allows the first and second baffles to be inserted into the first and second grooves formed after expansion, respectively, and abut against the middle blade, supporting the soil aggregate samples and holding them in a closed space enclosed by the bottom end face of the sampling blade, the supporting shovel, and the mounting base; finally, the sampling device and the soil aggregate samples held in the closed space are pulled out of the soil together. During the extraction process, the soil aggregate samples are always kept in a closed space, which effectively avoids collapse, tearing damage, and loosening caused by uneven force or shaking during sampling, ensuring that the soil aggregate samples maintain their layered structure after extraction; the pressing motion in the vertical direction and the outward expansion motion of the first and second side blades in the second horizontal direction can be independently controlled throughout the entire sampling process, so that the maximum compression during the sampling process is controlled, reducing damage to the soil aggregate samples and ensuring the structural integrity of the soil aggregate samples.

[0007] In one optional embodiment, the mounting base has a mounting cavity, and the adjustment mechanism includes: Two lead screws are disposed on both sides in the second horizontal direction within the mounting cavity, and the lead screws rotate about the second horizontal direction as the axis of rotation; A handwheel is provided on the side of the mounting base facing the soil profile pit in the first horizontal direction, and the handwheel is rotatable about the first horizontal direction as the axis of rotation; A transmission assembly connects the handwheel to the two lead screws, thereby driving the two lead screws to rotate synchronously in opposite directions; The opposite ends of the first side blade have a first connecting portion for extending into the mounting cavity, and the first connecting portion is slidably disposed on the mounting seat in a second horizontal direction; the opposite ends of the second side blade have a second connecting portion for extending into the mounting cavity, and the second connecting portion is slidably disposed on the mounting seat in a second horizontal direction; the first connecting portion is threadedly connected to one of the lead screws, and the second connecting portion is threadedly connected to the other lead screw.

[0008] In one alternative embodiment, the transmission assembly includes: The first bevel gear is coaxially connected to the handwheel; Two second bevel gears mesh with the first bevel gear respectively and are disposed opposite to each other on both sides of the first bevel gear in the second horizontal direction. The two second bevel gears are coaxially connected to the two lead screws respectively.

[0009] In one optional embodiment, the handwheel includes a detachable rotating part and a hand crank. The rotating part is rotatably mounted on the mounting base about a first horizontal direction as its axis of rotation and is coaxially connected to the first bevel gear. The end face of the rotating part opposite to the first bevel gear is recessed with a polygonal insertion hole. One end of the hand crank is configured as a polygonal insertion part. The hand crank is used to be placed in a soil profile pit. The polygonal insertion part can be movably inserted into the polygonal insertion hole in the first horizontal direction.

[0010] In one optional embodiment, the outer side wall of the rotating part is provided with a first insertion hole, which communicates with the polygonal insertion hole. The outer side wall of the polygonal insertion part is provided with a second insertion hole corresponding to the position of the first insertion hole. The first insertion hole and the second insertion hole are used for the insertion of a limiting pin.

[0011] In one optional embodiment, the mounting cavity extends through the bottom end of the mounting base, and the bottom end face of the mounting base is fixed with a limiting plate by a first fastener in a detachable connection manner. The limiting plate is provided with a first connecting groove corresponding to the position of the first connecting part. The first connecting groove is used for the first connecting part to pass through, and the first connecting part can be slidably disposed in the first connecting groove in the second horizontal direction.

[0012] In one optional embodiment, the limiting plate is provided with a second connecting groove through the second connecting part at the position corresponding to the second connecting part. The second connecting part is used to pass through the second connecting part and can be slidably disposed in the second connecting groove in the second horizontal direction.

[0013] In one optional embodiment, the end face of the cutting baffle facing away from the support plate in the first horizontal direction is configured as an inclined cutting edge, the inclined cutting edge extends from top to bottom in the vertical direction and is gradually moved away from the support plate in the first horizontal direction; the inclination angle of the inclined cutting edge is set to 10° to 15°.

[0014] In one alternative embodiment, a force-applying handle is provided at the center of the side of the support plate opposite to the first baffle in the first horizontal direction.

[0015] In one alternative embodiment, the sampling tool has a micro-serrated portion at one end in the vertical direction away from the mounting base.

[0016] In one optional embodiment, the mounting base is provided with a connecting vertical rod at opposite top points along the vertical direction, and a horizontal handle is provided at the end of the connecting vertical rod away from the mounting base, the horizontal handle and the connecting vertical rod being arranged in a T-shape.

[0017] In one alternative embodiment, the connecting rod is detachably fixed to the mounting base by a second fastener.

[0018] Secondly, the present invention also provides a sampling method, which uses the portable soil aggregate sampling device provided in the first aspect to perform sampling, the sampling method comprising the following steps: Excavate a regular soil profile pit in the target area; Orient the opening of the receiving cavity toward the soil profile pit and insert the sampling tool vertically downward into the soil of the target area; After the bottom surface of the mounting base abuts against the ground of the target area, the first side blade and the second side blade are driven to move away from each other synchronously through the adjustment mechanism, so that the first side blade and the second side blade form a first groove and a second groove respectively between the soil in the receiving cavity; The supporting shovel is placed into the soil profile pit and inserted into the receiving cavity in the first horizontal direction, so that the first baffle and the second baffle are respectively embedded in the first groove and the second groove, and abut against the intermediate blade. The soil in the sampling cavity is cut off from the other parts of the soil by the cutting baffle to form a soil aggregate sample, and the soil aggregate sample is contained in the closed space enclosed by the sampling knife, the supporting shovel and the bottom end face of the mounting base. The entire sampling device is pulled out of the soil in the target area.

[0019] According to a sampling method of the present invention, at least the following beneficial effects are achieved: By positioning the first and second side blades opposite each other on either side of the central blade in a second horizontal direction, the first and second side blades are driven by an adjustment mechanism to move synchronously closer or further apart. During sampling, a regular soil profile pit is first excavated in the target area, and the first and second side blades are moved synchronously closer to each other to a first position. Then, with the sampling tool maintaining the opening of the receiving cavity facing the soil profile pit, downward pressure is applied to the mounting base, causing the sampling tool to be inserted vertically downward into the soil of the target area. After the bottom surface of the mounting base abuts against the ground of the target area (i.e., the receiving cavity is filled with soil), the first and second side blades are driven by the adjustment mechanism to move synchronously further apart to a second position, causing the first and second side blades to expand outward relative to the soil in the receiving cavity to achieve sidewall cutting and enclosure, and forming a first groove and a second groove between the first and second side blades and the soil in the receiving cavity, respectively. Then, a supporting shovel is placed into the soil profile pit and inserted into the receiving cavity in the first horizontal direction. This system not only allows the cutting baffle to cut the soil in the vertical direction within the sampling chamber from other parts of the soil, forming soil aggregate samples and supporting the bottom of the soil aggregate samples; it also allows the first and second baffles to be inserted into the first and second grooves formed after expansion, respectively, and abut against the middle blade, supporting the soil aggregate samples and holding them within a closed space enclosed by the sampling blade, the supporting shovel, and the bottom surface of the mounting base; finally, the sampling device and the soil aggregate samples held in the closed space are pulled out of the soil together. During the extraction process, the soil aggregate samples remain within the closed space, effectively preventing collapse, tearing, and loosening caused by uneven force or shaking during sampling, ensuring that the soil aggregate samples retain their layered structure after extraction; the pressing motion in the vertical direction and the outward expansion motion of the first and second side blades in the second horizontal direction can be independently controlled throughout the entire sampling process, so that the maximum compression during the sampling process is controlled, reducing damage to the soil aggregate samples and ensuring the structural integrity of the soil aggregate samples. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of this embodiment; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure after removing the supporting shovel, connecting vertical bar, and horizontal handle; Figure 3 for Figure 2 An inverted exploded view of the structure with the handwheel removed; Figure 4 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the inverted three-dimensional structure after removing the handwheel, sampling tool and limiting plate; Figure 5 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure viewed from below; Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram from another perspective of this embodiment; Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the supporting shovel in this embodiment; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the target area with soil profile pits in which this embodiment is applied.

[0022] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 100 - Target area; 110 - Soil profile pit; 200-Mounting base, 210-Mounting cavity, 220-First fastener, 230-Limiting plate, 231-First connecting groove, 232-Second connecting groove, 240-First flange seat; 300 - Sampling tool, 310 - Intermediate blade, 320 - First side blade, 321 - First connecting part, 330 - Second side blade, 331 - Second connecting part, 340 - Receiving cavity; 400-Supporting shovel, 410-Bearing plate, 420-First baffle, 430-Second baffle, 440-Cutting baffle, 441-Inclined cutting edge, 450-Sampling chamber, 460-Force application handle; 510-Lead screw, 520-Handwheel, 521-Rotating part, 522-Hand crank, 523-Polygonal socket, 524-Polygonal insert, 525-Limiting pin, 531-First bevel gear, 532-Second bevel gear; 610 - Connecting vertical rod, 611 - Second flange seat, 620 - Horizontal handle. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] In the description of this embodiment, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this embodiment and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this embodiment. In addition, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0025] In the description of this embodiment, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this embodiment according to the specific circumstances.

[0026] The following is combined Figures 1 to 8 The following describes embodiments of the present invention.

[0027] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a portable soil aggregate sampling device is provided for sampling in a target area 100 having a soil profile pit 110. The sampling device includes a mounting base 200 and a supporting shovel 400. Sampling blades 300 are provided at opposite bottom ends of the mounting base 200 in a vertical direction. Each sampling blade 300 includes a central blade 310, a first side blade 320, and a second side blade 330. The first side blade 320 and the second side blade 330 are located on one side of the central blade 310 in a first horizontal direction and are disposed opposite each other on both sides of the central blade 310 in a second horizontal direction. The central blade 310, the first side blade 320, the second side blade 330, and the bottom end face of the mounting base 200 form a receiving cavity 340. The opening is used to connect the soil profile pit 110; the mounting base 200 is provided with an adjustment mechanism, which is used to drive the first side blade 320 and the second side blade 330 to move away from or towards each other synchronously in the second horizontal direction; the supporting shovel 400 and the sampling knife 300 are separately provided. The supporting shovel 400 includes a support plate 410. The two sides of the support plate 410 in the second horizontal direction are respectively folded inward to form a first baffle 420 and a second baffle 430. The bottom end of the support plate 410 is folded inward to form a cutting baffle 440. The support plate 410, the first baffle 420, the second baffle 430 and the cutting baffle 440 form a sampling cavity 450; the supporting shovel 400 is used to be placed in the soil profile pit 110 and can be inserted into the receiving cavity 340 in the first horizontal direction.

[0028] The sampling device of this embodiment arranges the first side blade 320 and the second side blade 330 opposite to each other on both sides of the middle blade 310 in the second horizontal direction. The first side blade 320 and the second side blade 330 are driven by an adjustment mechanism to synchronously move closer to each other or further away from each other. During the sampling process, such as Figure 8As shown, firstly, a regular soil profile pit 110 is excavated in the target area 100, and the first side blade 320 and the second side blade 330 are moved synchronously closer to each other to the first position; then, while keeping the sampling tool 300 with the opening of the receiving cavity 340 facing the soil profile pit 110, downward pressure is applied to the mounting base 200, causing the sampling tool 300 to be vertically inserted into the soil of the target area 100; after the bottom surface of the mounting base 200 abuts against the ground of the target area 100 (i.e., the receiving cavity 340 is filled with soil), then... The adjusting mechanism drives the first side blade 320 and the second side blade 330 to move synchronously away from each other to a second position, causing the first side blade 320 and the second side blade 330 to expand outward relative to the soil in the receiving cavity 340 to achieve sidewall cutting and enclosure, and forming a first groove and a second groove respectively between the first side blade 320 and the second side blade 330 and the soil in the receiving cavity 340; then the supporting shovel 400 is placed into the soil profile pit 110 and inserted into the receiving cavity 340 in the first horizontal direction, so that the cutting baffle 440 will be in the vertical direction. The soil within the sampling chamber 450 is cut off from the soil in other areas to form soil aggregate samples, and the bottom of the soil aggregate samples is supported. The first baffle 420 and the second baffle 430 are then inserted into the expanded first and second grooves, respectively, and abut against the intermediate blade 310 to support the soil aggregate samples. The soil aggregate samples are then placed within a closed space enclosed by the sampling blade 300, the supporting shovel 400, and the bottom surface of the mounting base 200. Finally, the sampling device of this embodiment and the soil aggregate samples placed within the closed space are... The soil aggregates are pulled out of the soil together. During the extraction process, the soil aggregates are kept in a closed space, which effectively prevents collapse, tearing, and loosening caused by uneven force or shaking during sampling. This ensures that the soil aggregates retain their layered structure after extraction. The vertical pressing motion and the outward expansion motion of the first side blade 320 and the second side blade 330 in the second horizontal direction can be independently controlled throughout the sampling process. This controls the maximum compression during sampling, reduces damage to the soil aggregates, and ensures the structural integrity of the soil aggregates.

[0029] It should be noted that after the first side blade 320 and the second side blade 330 move outward relative to the soil in the receiving cavity 340, the soil on both sides can be compacted laterally. During the process of pulling the sampling device and the soil aggregate sample of this embodiment out of the soil together, the collapse of the soil on both sides can be avoided, the soil disturbance can be minimized, and the integrity of the soil layer can be effectively maintained so that the next layer of soil can be sampled. It is suitable for extracting soil aggregate samples that maintain integrity in the soil of the target area 100 with high water content.

[0030] It should be noted that, in the sampling process of this embodiment, the bottom surface of the mounting base 200 is first brought into contact with the ground of the target area 100, and then the first side blade 320 and the second side blade 330 are driven to expand outward by the adjustment mechanism. This can avoid the problem of soil aggregate sample damage caused by the lateral pressure directly acting on the soil aggregate sample when using traditional sampling devices, thereby improving the integrity and repeatability of the soil aggregate sample.

[0031] It should be noted that the first baffle 420 and the second baffle 430 have the same thickness, and the first groove and the second groove have the same width. After the first baffle 420 and the second baffle 430 are inserted into the first groove and the second groove respectively, the first baffle 420 and the second baffle 430 can respectively abut against the two side walls of the soil aggregate sample in the second horizontal direction.

[0032] It should be noted that the first side blade 320 and the second side blade 330 are arranged in parallel with each other, the first baffle 420 and the second baffle 430 are arranged in parallel with each other, and the first side blade 320 and the first baffle 420 are arranged in parallel with each other; that is, the first side blade 320, the second side blade 330, the first baffle 420 and the second baffle 430 all extend in the first horizontal direction, and the intermediate blade 310 and the bearing plate 410 both extend in the second horizontal direction.

[0033] It is understood that the sampling cutter 300 has a first state in which the first side blade 320 and the second side blade 330 move closer to each other to a first position, and a second state in which the first side blade 320 and the second side blade 330 move further away from each other to a second position; the first baffle 420 and the second baffle 430 supporting the small shovel 400 can be inserted into the receiving cavity 340 of the sampling cutter 300 in the second state.

[0034] It is understandable that the vertical direction, the first horizontal direction, and the second horizontal direction are perpendicular to each other. For ease of description, let's use... Figure 1 The vertical direction, the first horizontal direction, and the second horizontal direction are described as vertical directions, the first horizontal direction, and the second horizontal direction, but are not used to specifically limit the vertical direction, the first horizontal direction, and the second horizontal direction.

[0035] It is understandable that the inward folding mentioned in the text refers to folding towards the middle blade 310 in the first horizontal direction.

[0036] It is understandable that after the first baffle 420 and the second baffle 430 are respectively inserted into the first and second grooves formed after the expansion and abut against the intermediate blade 310, the sampling cavity 450 overlaps with the receiving cavity 340 and forms a closed space inside.

[0037] like Figures 2 to 5As shown, in some embodiments, the mounting base 200 has a mounting cavity 210. The adjustment mechanism includes a handwheel 520, a transmission assembly, and two lead screws 510. The two lead screws 510 are disposed on both sides of the mounting cavity 210 in a second horizontal direction, and the lead screws 510 rotate about the second horizontal direction as their axis of rotation. The handwheel 520 is disposed on the side of the mounting base 200 facing the soil profile pit 110 in the first horizontal direction, and the handwheel 520 can rotate about the first horizontal direction as its axis of rotation. The transmission assembly connects the handwheel 520 to the two lead screws 510 to drive the two lead screws 510. 10 rotate synchronously in opposite directions; the opposite top ends of the first side blade 320 have a first connecting portion 321 for extending into the mounting cavity 210, the first connecting portion 321 being slidably disposed in the mounting base 200 in the second horizontal direction; the opposite top ends of the second side blade 330 have a second connecting portion 331 for extending into the mounting cavity 210, the second connecting portion 331 being slidably disposed in the mounting base 200 in the second horizontal direction; the first connecting portion 321 is threadedly connected to one of the lead screws 510, and the second connecting portion 331 is threadedly connected to the other lead screw 510. By rotating the handwheel 520 to the side of the mounting base 200 facing the soil profile pit 110 in the first horizontal direction, and connecting the handwheel 520 to two lead screws 510 through the transmission assembly; after the mounting base 200 is inserted until its bottom surface abuts the ground of the target area 100, the handwheel 520 is manually driven to rotate using the force application space provided by the soil profile pit 110, causing the two lead screws 510 to rotate synchronously in opposite directions, thereby causing the first side blade 320 and the second side blade 330 to move away from each other by the same displacement. This ensures that the first side blade 320 and the second side blade 330 expand outward symmetrically at equal intervals, ensuring that the soil aggregate sample receives more balanced support during sampling, enhancing sampling accuracy and sample quality; it can also effectively cope with soils with high hardness and complex terrain, laterally compacting the high hardness soil located on both sides of the soil aggregate sample, especially in special soil environments such as saline-alkali soils and hard soil layers, enabling rapid undisturbed sampling without damaging the soil aggregate sample.

[0038] It should be noted that by using two lead screws 510 that rotate synchronously in opposite directions to drive the first side blade 320 and the second side blade 330 to move away from each other by the same displacement, the symmetry and uniformity of the outward expansion motion are ensured, which enables more efficient and less disturbed containment of soil aggregate samples and sampling.

[0039] like Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, specifically, the transmission assembly includes a first bevel gear 531 and two second bevel gears 532. The first bevel gear 531 is coaxially connected to the handwheel 520. The two second bevel gears 532 mesh with the first bevel gear 531 respectively and are arranged opposite to each other on both sides of the first bevel gear 531 in the second horizontal direction. The two second bevel gears 532 are coaxially connected to the two lead screws 510 respectively. By arranging the two second bevel gears 532 opposite to each other on both sides of the first bevel gear 531, and by transmitting torque between the handwheel 520 and each lead screw 510 through the transmission structure composed of the first bevel gear 531 and the second bevel gear 532, it is ensured that while driving the handwheel 520 to rotate, the two lead screws 510 rotate synchronously in opposite directions, thereby ensuring the symmetry and uniformity of the outward expansion movement of the first side blade 320 and the second side blade 330.

[0040] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, specifically, the handwheel 520 includes a detachable rotating part 521 and a hand crank 522. The rotating part 521 is rotatably mounted on the mounting base 200 about a first horizontal direction as its axis of rotation and is coaxially connected to the first bevel gear 531. The end face of the rotating part 521 facing away from the first bevel gear 531 is recessed with a polygonal insertion hole 523. One end of the hand crank 522 is configured as a polygonal insertion part 524. The hand crank 522 is used to be placed in the soil profile pit 110, and the polygonal insertion part 524 can be movably inserted into the polygonal insertion hole 523 in the first horizontal direction. During sampling, the polygonal insertion hole 523 of the rotating part 521 is positioned facing the soil profile pit 110 so that the hand crank 522 can be placed into the soil profile pit 110 and the polygonal insertion part 524 can be inserted into the polygonal insertion hole 523, so that the operator can apply external force with the hand crank 522 to rotate the handwheel 520. Meanwhile, by setting the rotating part 521 and the hand crank 522 as detachable structures, the sampling device of this embodiment can be disassembled for carrying and transferring between different areas, which is beneficial for sampling operations at different locations in the field.

[0041] In practical applications, the polygonal socket 523 can be arranged in the form of triangles, quadrilaterals, pentagons or hexagons, etc. It is only necessary to ensure that after the polygonal plug 524 is inserted into the polygonal socket 523, the polygonal plug 524 cannot rotate relative to the polygonal socket 523.

[0042] To prevent the polygonal insert 524 from dislodging from the polygonal socket 523 due to unfamiliarity with operation during the process of inserting the polygonal insert 524 into the polygonal socket 523 and rotating it, such as... Figure 5As shown, specifically, the outer wall of the rotating part 521 is provided with a first insertion hole, which is connected to the polygonal insertion hole 523. The outer wall of the polygonal insertion part 524 is provided with a second insertion hole corresponding to the position of the first insertion hole. The first insertion hole and the second insertion hole are used for the insertion of the limiting pin 525.

[0043] like Figures 2 to 4 As shown, in some embodiments, the mounting cavity 210 is provided through the bottom end of the mounting base 200. The bottom end surface of the mounting base 200 is fixed with a limiting plate 230 in a detachable connection manner by a first fastener 220. The limiting plate 230 is provided with a first connecting groove 231 through the position corresponding to the first connecting part 321. The first connecting groove 231 is used for the first connecting part 321 to pass through. The first connecting part 321 can be slidably disposed in the first connecting groove 231 in the second horizontal direction. By fixing the limiting plate 230 to the mounting base 200 in a detachable connection manner, the limiting plate 230 can be removed during maintenance to allow for the maintenance and repair of components located in the mounting cavity 210 (such as the first bevel gear 531, the second bevel gear 532, etc.), which helps to reduce maintenance costs. At the same time, the first connecting groove 231 limits the maximum outward expansion of the first side blade 320 and the second side blade 330. During the sampling process, it can effectively prevent human error from causing excessive outward expansion of the first side blade 320 and the second side blade 330, which would cause excessive disturbance or damage to the soil, thereby saving time and costs for soil re-screening and remediation.

[0044] In specific applications, the first fastener 220 is configured as a fastening screw.

[0045] To better limit the maximum outward expansion of the first side blade 320 and the second side blade 330, such as Figure 3 As shown, specifically, the limiting plate 230 is provided with a second connecting groove 232 through the position corresponding to the second connecting part 331. The second connecting groove 232 is used for the second connecting part 331 to pass through, and the second connecting part 331 can be slidably disposed in the second connecting groove 232 in the second horizontal direction.

[0046] like Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, in some embodiments, the end face of the cutting baffle 440 facing away from the support plate 410 in the first horizontal direction is set as an inclined cutting edge 441. The inclined cutting edge 441 extends from top to bottom in the vertical direction and is gradually set away from the support plate 410 in the first horizontal direction; the inclination angle of the inclined cutting edge 441 is set to 10° to 15°. By setting the end face of the cutting baffle 440 facing away from the support plate 410 in the first horizontal direction as an inclined cutting edge 441, and the inclination angle of the inclined cutting edge 441 is 10° to 15°, in the process of cutting the soil located in the sampling chamber 450 from the soil in other parts to form a soil aggregate sample, it is beneficial to reduce the disturbance between soil layers and ensure the original state and integrity of the soil aggregate sample.

[0047] To facilitate the insertion of the supporting spade 400 into the receiving cavity 340 in the first horizontal direction, such as Figure 1 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, in some embodiments, a force-applying handle 460 is provided at the center of the side of the support plate 410 facing away from the first baffle 420 in the first horizontal direction.

[0048] In order to facilitate the downward insertion of the sampling tool 300 into the hard soil layer of the target area 100 and to better adapt to special soil environments such as saline-alkali soil and hard soil layers, in some embodiments, the sampling tool 300 is provided with a micro-serrated part at the end facing away from the mounting base 200 in the vertical direction.

[0049] like Figure 1 and Figure 6 As shown, in some embodiments, the mounting base 200 has a connecting vertical rod 610 at its opposite top along the vertical direction, and a horizontal handle 620 is provided at the end of the connecting vertical rod 610 away from the mounting base 200. The horizontal handle 620 and the connecting vertical rod 610 are arranged in a T-shape. The T-shaped arrangement of the horizontal handle 620 and the connecting vertical rod 610 conforms to ergonomic design, so that the operator can apply external force to insert the entire sampling device of this embodiment into the soil of the target area 100, or pull the sampling device of this embodiment and the soil aggregate sample supported in the enclosed space out of the soil together, making the operation more convenient.

[0050] Specifically, the connecting rod 610 is detachably fixed to the mounting base 200 by a second fastener. This arrangement allows the sampling device of this embodiment to be disassembled for transport and use in different areas, facilitating sampling operations at different locations in the field.

[0051] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, specifically, the mounting base 200 has a first flange seat 240 at one end facing the connecting vertical rod 610. The first flange seat 240 has multiple threaded holes spaced circumferentially, which match the second fasteners. The connecting vertical rod 610 has a second flange seat 611 at one end. The second flange seat 611 has a through hole corresponding to the threaded hole, allowing the second fastener to pass through. When the mounting base 200 and the connecting vertical rod 610 need to be assembled, simply align the threaded hole with the corresponding through hole, then pass the second fastener through the through hole and screw it into the threaded hole. When the mounting base 200 and the connecting vertical rod 610 need to be disassembled, simply unscrew all the second fasteners from their corresponding threaded holes. The entire assembly and disassembly process is convenient and the connection is secure.

[0052] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, according to a second aspect of the present invention, a sampling method is also provided, which uses the portable soil aggregate sampling device provided in the first aspect of the present invention for detection and sampling. The sampling method includes the following steps: Excavate a regular soil profile pit 110 in the target area 100, and ensure that the boundaries of the soil profile pit 110 are clear. The opening of the receiving cavity 340 is oriented toward the soil profile pit 110, and the sampling tool 300 is inserted vertically downward into the soil of the target area 100. After the bottom surface of the mounting base 200 abuts against the ground of the target area 100, the first side blade 320 and the second side blade 330 are driven to move away from each other synchronously through the adjustment mechanism, so that the first side blade 320 and the second side blade 330 form a first groove and a second groove respectively with the soil located in the receiving cavity 340. The supporting shovel 400 is placed into the soil profile pit 110 and inserted into the receiving cavity 340 in the first horizontal direction, so that the first baffle 420 and the second baffle 430 are respectively embedded in the first groove and the second groove, and abut against the intermediate blade 310. The soil in the sampling cavity 450 is cut off from the soil in other parts by the cutting baffle 440 to form a soil aggregate sample, and the soil aggregate sample is contained in the closed space enclosed by the bottom end face of the sampling knife 300, the supporting shovel 400 and the mounting base 200. The entire sampling device was pulled out of the soil in the target area of ​​100.

[0053] The sampling method of this embodiment involves placing the first side blade 320 and the second side blade 330 opposite each other on both sides of the middle blade 310 in the second horizontal direction. The first side blade 320 and the second side blade 330 are driven by an adjustment mechanism to move synchronously closer or further apart from each other. During the sampling process, a regular soil profile pit 110 is first dug in the target area 100, and the first side blade 320 and the second side blade 330 are moved synchronously closer to each other to a first position. Then, while keeping the opening of the receiving cavity 340 facing the soil profile pit 110, the sampling tool 300 applies downward pressure to the mounting base 200. The sampling blade 300 is vertically inserted downwards into the soil of the target area 100. After the bottom surface of the mounting base 200 abuts against the ground of the target area 100 (i.e., the receiving cavity 340 is filled with soil), the first side blade 320 and the second side blade 330 are driven by the adjustment mechanism to move synchronously away from each other to the second position. This causes the first side blade 320 and the second side blade 330 to expand outwards relative to the soil in the receiving cavity 340, achieving sidewall cutting and enclosure, and forming a first groove and a second groove between the first side blade 320 and the second side blade 330 and the soil in the receiving cavity 340, respectively. Then, the supporting shovel 4... The sampler 400 is placed in the soil profile pit 110 and inserted into the receiving cavity 340 in the first horizontal direction. This allows the cutting baffle 440 to cut the soil in the vertical sampling cavity 450 from other parts of the soil, forming soil aggregate samples and supporting the bottom of the soil aggregate samples. Furthermore, the first baffle 420 and the second baffle 430 are respectively inserted into the expanded first and second grooves and abut against the intermediate blade 310, supporting the soil aggregate samples and holding them within the closed space enclosed by the bottom surfaces of the sampling blade 300, the supporting shovel 400, and the mounting base 200. Finally... The sampling device and the soil aggregate sample supported in the enclosed space are pulled out of the soil together. During the extraction process, the soil aggregate sample is always in the enclosed space, which can effectively prevent collapse, tearing, and loosening caused by uneven force or shaking during sampling. This ensures that the soil aggregate sample retains its layered structure after extraction. The pressing motion in the vertical direction and the outward expansion motion of the first side blade 320 and the second side blade 330 in the second horizontal direction can be independently controlled throughout the sampling process. This controls the maximum compression during sampling, reduces damage to the soil aggregate sample, and ensures the structural integrity of the soil aggregate sample.

[0054] Although embodiments of the invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and all such modifications and variations fall within the scope defined by the appended invention.

Claims

1. A portable soil aggregate sampling device, characterized in that, The sampling device is used for sampling in a target area (100) having a soil profile pit (110), the sampling device comprising: Mounting base (200); A sampling tool (300) is disposed at the bottom of the mounting base (200) in the vertical direction. The sampling tool (300) includes an intermediate blade (310), a first side blade (320), and a second side blade (330). The first side blade (320) and the second side blade (330) are located on one side of the intermediate blade (310) in the first horizontal direction and are disposed opposite to each other on both sides of the intermediate blade (310) in the second horizontal direction. The intermediate blade (310), the first side blade (320), the second side blade (330), and the bottom end face of the mounting base (200) form a receiving cavity (340). The opening of the receiving cavity (340) is used to connect to the soil profile pit (110). An adjustment mechanism is provided on the mounting base (200) and is used to drive the first side blade (320) and the second side blade (330) to move away from or towards each other synchronously in the second horizontal direction; the vertical direction, the first horizontal direction and the second horizontal direction are perpendicular to each other; The supporting shovel (400) is separately set from the sampling knife (300). The supporting shovel (400) includes a support plate (410). The support plate (410) is folded inward on both sides in the second horizontal direction to form a first baffle (420) and a second baffle (430). The bottom end of the support plate (410) is folded inward to form a cutting baffle (440). The support plate (410), the first baffle (420), the second baffle (430) and the cutting baffle (440) form a sampling cavity (450). The supporting shovel (400) is used to be placed in the soil profile pit (110) and can be inserted into the receiving cavity (340) in the first horizontal direction.

2. The portable soil aggregate sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting base (200) has a mounting cavity (210), and the adjustment mechanism includes: Two lead screws (510) are disposed on both sides in the second horizontal direction within the mounting cavity (210), and the lead screws (510) rotate about the second horizontal direction as the axis of rotation; A handwheel (520) is provided on the side of the mounting base (200) facing the soil profile pit (110) in the first horizontal direction, and the handwheel (520) is rotatable about the first horizontal direction as the axis of rotation; The transmission assembly connects the handwheel (520) to the two lead screws (510) to drive the two lead screws (510) to rotate synchronously in opposite directions; The opposite ends of the first side blade (320) have a first connecting portion (321) for extending into the mounting cavity (210), and the first connecting portion (321) is slidably disposed on the mounting seat (200) in a second horizontal direction; the opposite ends of the second side blade (330) have a second connecting portion (331) for extending into the mounting cavity (210), and the second connecting portion (331) is slidably disposed on the mounting seat (200) in a second horizontal direction; the first connecting portion (321) is threadedly connected to one of the lead screws (510), and the second connecting portion (331) is threadedly connected to the other lead screw (510).

3. The portable soil aggregate sampling device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The transmission assembly includes: The first bevel gear (531) is coaxially connected to the handwheel (520); Two second bevel gears (532) mesh with the first bevel gear (531) respectively and are disposed opposite to each other on both sides of the first bevel gear (531) in the second horizontal direction. The two second bevel gears (532) are coaxially connected to the two lead screws (510) respectively.

4. The portable soil aggregate sampling device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The handwheel (520) includes a detachable rotating part (521) and a hand crank (522). The rotating part (521) is rotatably mounted on the mounting base (200) with the first horizontal direction as the axis of rotation, and is coaxially connected with the first bevel gear (531). The end face of the rotating part (521) opposite to the first bevel gear (531) is recessed with a polygonal insertion hole (523). One end of the hand crank (522) is configured as a polygonal insertion part (524). The hand crank (522) is used to be placed in the soil profile pit (110). The polygonal insertion part (524) can be movably inserted into the polygonal insertion hole (523) in the first horizontal direction.

5. The portable soil aggregate sampling device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The outer wall of the rotating part (521) is provided with a first insertion hole, which is connected to the polygonal insertion hole (523). The outer wall of the polygonal insertion part (524) is provided with a second insertion hole corresponding to the position of the first insertion hole. The first insertion hole and the second insertion hole are used for the insertion of the limiting pin (525).

6. The portable soil aggregate sampling device according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that, The mounting cavity (210) is provided through the bottom end of the mounting base (200). The bottom end face of the mounting base (200) is fixed with a limiting plate (230) in a detachable connection manner by a first fastener (220). The limiting plate (230) is provided with a first connecting groove (231) through the first connecting part (321) at the position corresponding to the first connecting part (321). The first connecting groove (231) is used for the first connecting part (321) to pass through. The first connecting part (321) can be slidably disposed in the first connecting groove (231) in the second horizontal direction.

7. The portable soil aggregate sampling device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The limiting plate (230) is provided with a second connecting groove (232) through the position corresponding to the second connecting part (331). The second connecting groove (232) is used for the second connecting part (331) to pass through. The second connecting part (331) can be slidably disposed in the second connecting groove (232) in the second horizontal direction.

8. The portable soil aggregate sampling device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The end face of the cutting baffle (440) facing away from the support plate (410) in the first horizontal direction is set as an inclined cutting edge (441). The inclined cutting edge (441) extends from top to bottom in the vertical direction and is set away from the support plate (410) in the first horizontal direction. The inclination angle of the inclined cutting edge (441) is set to 10° to 15°. And / or, the support plate (410) is provided with a force-applying handle (460) in the middle of the side facing away from the first baffle (420) in the first horizontal direction. And / or, the sampling tool (300) has a micro-serrated portion at one end in the vertical direction away from the mounting base (200); And / or, the mounting base (200) is provided with a connecting vertical rod (610) at the opposite top in the vertical direction, and a horizontal handle (620) is provided at the end of the connecting vertical rod (610) away from the mounting base (200), and the horizontal handle (620) and the connecting vertical rod (610) are arranged in a T-shape.

9. The portable soil aggregate sampling device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The connecting vertical rod (610) is fixed to the mounting base (200) in a detachable connection manner by a second fastener.

10. A sampling method, characterized in that, Sampling is performed using the portable soil aggregate sampling device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the sampling method comprising the following steps: Dig a regular soil profile pit (110) in the target area (100). The opening of the receiving cavity (340) is oriented toward the soil profile pit (110), and the sampling tool (300) is inserted vertically downward into the soil of the target area (100); After the bottom surface of the mounting base (200) abuts against the ground of the target area (100), the first side blade (320) and the second side blade (330) are driven to move away from each other synchronously by the adjustment mechanism, so that the first side blade (320) and the second side blade (330) form a first groove and a second groove respectively between the first side blade (320) and the soil located in the receiving cavity (340); The supporting shovel (400) is placed into the soil profile pit (110) and inserted into the receiving cavity (340) in the first horizontal direction, so that the first baffle (420) and the second baffle (430) are respectively embedded in the first groove and the second groove, and abut against the intermediate blade (310). The soil in the sampling cavity (450) is cut off from the soil in other parts by the cutting baffle (440) to form a soil aggregate sample, and the soil aggregate sample is contained in the closed space formed by the bottom end face of the sampling knife (300), the supporting shovel (400) and the mounting base (200). The entire sampling device is pulled out of the soil in the target area (100).

Images