Defect detection apparatus, detection method and use in tension insulators

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of defect detection equipment, detection method and application in tension insulator, including as bearing base rack and top plate fixed installation in rack top;Hydraulic distance adjusting assembly, a plurality of hydraulic distance adjusting assembly is installed on top plate and is ring equidistant distribution around the vertical axis of top plate, the telescopic end of each hydraulic distance adjusting assembly is installed with tension sensing tool one, and tension sensing tool one is used to fix one end of the insulator to be measured and real-time sensing axial tension.The application makes workpiece be applied axial tension load, simultaneously, the power of rotary drive assembly is also transmitted to corresponding chain type torsion assembly through key shaft transmission group, until the insulator breaks, so as to break through the limitation of traditional single axial tension detection, form the technical scheme that axial tension load and torsion load are synchronously applied to high-voltage support insulator.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of insulator testing technology, specifically to a defect detection device, a detection method, and its application in tension insulators. Background Technology

[0002] High-voltage post insulator tension testing equipment is used to assess the mechanical strength of insulators and verify their operational reliability in power systems by simulating stress conditions under extreme operating conditions. Structurally, this type of equipment typically employs a rigid frame welded from high-strength steel, equipped with a hydraulic or servo-electric loading system capable of smoothly applying tensile forces of hundreds of kilonewtons or even greater. A dedicated clamping device can be adjusted according to the type of insulator end attachments to ensure uniform force distribution and prevent slippage. High-precision load and displacement sensors monitor the stress state and deformation in real time, and the data is automatically recorded and curves plotted by a computer control system. In practical use, operators first need to correctly install the insulator in the clamp and adjust its alignment to eliminate eccentric forces. Then, parameters such as the loading rate are set in the control system, and pre-loading is performed to eliminate connection gaps. During the formal loading phase, the equipment steadily increases the tension at a constant rate until the insulator breaks. As disclosed in the patent announcement CN120404365B, an insulator tensile strength testing device and method includes a mounting platform; two fixing plates, both located above the mounting platform, each with a cut hole in which a stabilizing column is fixedly connected; and two tension sensors, both located between the two stabilizing columns. When the insulator's tensile strength is being tested and the fixing point and force axis of the insulator are not aligned, affecting the testing accuracy, the device adjusts the force point of the insulator to align the force axis with the line connecting the fixing point, thus reducing error. It can be seen that the above technical solution... Similar to traditional testing methods, both ends of the insulator are fixed by clamps, and then hydraulic equipment applies axial tension until the insulator breaks. However, in actual operation, high-voltage post insulators, especially those used to support busbars and equipment in substations, may be forcibly torsiond due to misalignment of conductors or adjustment of hardware, bearing a continuous static torque. In addition, long-term temperature changes can cause micro-cracks in the cement adhesive, reducing its bonding force. When torsional loads are present, this interface is very prone to loosening or slippage, ultimately causing the insulator to lose its mechanical integrity. Traditional tensile testing cannot evaluate the torsional fatigue resistance and ultimate strength of the insulator. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a defect detection device, a detection method, and its application in tension insulators. A hydraulic pitch adjustment assembly adjusts the distance between tension sensing fixtures one and two according to the specifications of the high-voltage post insulator to be tested, fixing the high-voltage post insulator between the two fixtures. Then, the rotary drive assembly is activated via the control panel, transmitting a portion of the power to each wedge-type tensioning assembly. The wedge-type tensioning assemblies move the chain-type torsion assembly and tension sensing fixture two away from tension sensing fixture one. At this point, the workpiece is subjected to an axial tensile load. Simultaneously, the power from the rotary drive assembly is also transmitted to the corresponding chain-type torsion assembly via the key shaft transmission group, thus simultaneously subjecting the workpiece to a torsional load until the insulator breaks. This achieves the simultaneous application of axial tensile load and torsional load, thereby solving the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a defect detection device, comprising a frame as a supporting foundation and a top plate fixedly installed at the top of the frame; Hydraulic adjustment assembly, multiple hydraulic adjustment assemblies are installed on the top plate and are distributed in a ring at equal intervals around the vertical axis of the top plate. Each hydraulic adjustment assembly is equipped with a tension sensing fixture at its telescopic end. The tension sensing fixture is used to fix one end of the insulator to be tested and to sense the axial tension in real time. The chain torsion assembly is located on the top of the top plate on one side of the hydraulic pitch adjustment assembly. The drive end of the chain torsion assembly is equipped with a tension sensing fixture 2, which is used to fix the other end of the insulator under test and sense the axial tension in real time. A middle frame is fixed at the center of the top of the top plate, and multiple wedge tension assemblies corresponding to the hydraulic pitch adjustment assembly are installed on the outer walls of the middle frame. A rotary drive assembly that outputs rotational power to each wedge tension assembly is located at the center of the middle frame. A guide structure is provided on the top of the top plate between the middle frame and the hydraulic pitch adjustment assembly to ensure the straightness of the chain torsion assembly when it moves. The key shaft drive assembly is installed on the top wall of the frame below the chain torsion assembly and is used to connect the chain torsion assembly and the wedge tensioning assembly. The control panel is installed on one side of the outer wall of the frame and is electrically connected to the hydraulic adjustment assembly, the rotary drive assembly, the tension sensing fixture one, and the tension sensing fixture two, respectively. It is used to send control commands and receive feedback signals.

[0005] Preferably, the hydraulic adjustable assembly includes a right-angle bracket, an end plate, and a hydraulic cylinder; The right-angle frame is fixedly installed at the corner of the top of the top plate. The end plate is slidably installed on the top wall of the right-angle frame through two horizontal guide rods. The hydraulic cylinder is installed on the top wall of the right-angle frame and is parallel to the length direction of the right-angle frame. The end of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the end plate.

[0006] Preferably, the tension sensing fixture includes a tension sensor fixed on the outer wall of one side of the end plate and a flange installed on the tension detection end of the tension sensor.

[0007] Preferably, the wedge-type tensioning assembly includes a rectangular platform fixed to the outer wall of the middle frame, a connecting frame slidably mounted on the bottom end of the rectangular platform via a rail, and a convex slide table slidably mounted on the outer wall of the middle frame along the vertical direction via a rail. A nut pair is fixed inside the convex slide table. A lead screw coaxial with the nut pair is rotatably mounted at the bottom end of the rectangular platform. A bevel gear reversing transmission pair for transmitting rotational power to the key shaft transmission assembly is mounted at the lower end of the lead screw. An inclined guide rail is fixed on the outer wall of the connecting frame near the convex slide table. The inclined guide rail and the convex slide table cooperate. The extended line of the inclined guide rail intersects the vertical axis of the middle frame at an acute angle.

[0008] Preferably, a notch is provided on the outer wall of the middle frame between two adjacent connecting frames, and a side frame is fixed in one of the notches. A slotted photoelectric switch is installed on the outer wall of the side frame near the convex slide. A light-shielding plate is fixed on the top of the convex slide. The position of the light-shielding plate is detected by the slotted photoelectric switch. The rotary drive assembly includes a motor installed at the bottom of the middle frame, a driven gear fixed at the lower position of the lead screw, and a central gear plate installed at the lower end of the motor output shaft. The central gear plate and each driven gear are meshed.

[0009] Preferably, the key shaft transmission assembly includes a U-shaped long frame fixed to the top wall of the frame, a spline shaft rotatably mounted on the upper part of the U-shaped long frame via a bearing, and a slide mounted slidably on the bottom of the U-shaped long frame. A T-shaped outer bushing concentric with the spline shaft is fixed inside the slide, and an inner spline sleeve is rotatably mounted inside the T-shaped outer bushing. The inner spline sleeve and the spline shaft are in sliding engagement. The end of the spline shaft facing the middle frame is connected to the power supply via a bevel gear reversing transmission pair and a lead screw.

[0010] Preferably, the chain torsion assembly includes an island platform slidably mounted on the top of the top plate via a guide structure, a hollow rotating cylinder mounted concentrically inside the island platform via ball bearings, and an inner frame fixed at the central axis position inside the hollow rotating cylinder. A tension sensing fixture is mounted on the outer wall of the inner frame near the hydraulic adjustment assembly. A sprocket reduction transmission structure is installed between the hollow rotating cylinder and the inner spline sleeve. The sprocket reduction transmission structure is used to receive rotational power from the spline shaft and the inner spline sleeve.

[0011] Preferably, a stepped ring is fixed at one end inside the hollow rotating cylinder, and the inner frame is composed of a middle cylinder and a convex arm. The middle cylinder is concentrically arranged inside the hollow rotating cylinder, and the convex arm is integrally formed on the outer circumference of the middle cylinder at equal intervals. The convex arm and the stepped ring are bolted together.

[0012] This invention provides a defect detection method using the aforementioned equipment, comprising the following steps: S101: Start the multiple hydraulic adjustment assemblies that are distributed in a ring at equal intervals through the control panel. The hydraulic adjustment assembly drives the tension sensing fixture one to move smoothly. Adjust the distance between tension sensing fixture one and tension sensing fixture two until the distance matches the structural length of the insulator to be tested. Hoist and move the high-voltage post insulator to be tested between tension sensing fixture one and tension sensing fixture two, and operate the fixtures to securely lock the metal accessories at both ends of the insulator. S102: Set the axial tension loading rate of the equipment on the control panel. During the operation of the equipment, the application speed of the torsional load is proportional to the axial tension loading rate. Then, start the rotary drive assembly. Part of the power of the rotary drive assembly is transmitted to multiple annular equidistant wedge tension assemblies on the outer wall of the middle frame. The wedge tension assembly converts the rotary motion into linear tension force, which acts on the chain torsion assembly and the tension sensing fixture two connected to it. The chain torsion assembly and the tension sensing fixture two move away from the tension sensing fixture one along the guide structure, thereby applying an axial tensile load to the insulator fixed between the two. S103: Another part of the power of the rotary drive assembly is transmitted to the chain torsion assembly through the key shaft transmission group. The rotational motion of the chain torsion assembly directly acts on the tension sensing fixture two, so that while it moves and tightens along the axial direction, it also generates a torsional displacement around the axis, thereby applying a torsional load to the insulator synchronously. S104: During the load loading process, tension sensing fixture 1 and tension sensing fixture 2 continuously feed back real-time force data to the control panel. The staff closely monitors the load change curve through the display screen of the control panel until a certain moment when the insulator breaks under the combined action of axial tension and torsional load. The equipment then automatically recognizes the sudden drop in load and stops loading, recording the maximum combined load value and the corresponding data curve throughout the process.

[0013] The present invention also provides an application of a defect detection device in tension insulators, including the detection device described above.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The defect detection equipment, detection method and its application in tension insulators are provided by a structure that includes a hydraulic adjustment assembly, a tension sensing fixture I, a middle frame, a rotary drive assembly, a wedge tensioning assembly, a key shaft transmission group, and a chain torsion assembly that work together. The high-voltage post insulator is fixed between tension sensing fixtures I and II, and the rotary drive assembly is activated by the control panel. The rotary drive assembly transmits a portion of the power to each wedge tensioning assembly. The wedge tensioning assembly causes the chain torsion assembly and tension sensing fixture II to move away from tension sensing fixture I. At this time, the workpiece is subjected to an axial tensile load. At the same time, the power of the rotary drive assembly is also transmitted to the corresponding chain torsion assembly through the key shaft transmission group, so that the workpiece also receives a torsional load until the insulator breaks. This breaks through the limitations of traditional single axial tension detection and forms a technical solution in which axial tension load and torsional load are applied to the high-voltage post insulator simultaneously. The rotary drive assembly splits the power, with one part driving the wedge tension assembly to apply axial tension, and the other part driving the chain torsion assembly to apply torsional load through the key shaft transmission group. This reproduces the axial and torsional stress environment of the workpiece. At this time, a shear stress field will be generated inside the insulator, thus revealing the structural integrity of the insulator under different stress modes more comprehensively. Secondly, as a structural component, the tensile strength and torsional strength of insulators are key indicators for measuring their reliability. Traditional methods require two different test devices to be used in two separate tests, which is not only inefficient, but more importantly, it is impossible to know the performance changes under the interaction of the two loads. However, this solution completely reproduces the entire process of the insulator from the beginning of the stress to the final fracture in a single loading process. The resulting failure load is the limit value under the combined action of the two stresses, thereby further simulating the insulator's real ability to resist harsh working conditions in actual power grid operation. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a side view of the structure of the present invention; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of point AA; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the hydraulic adjustable distance assembly of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention. Figure 3 ; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the rotary drive assembly of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the wedge-type tensioning assembly of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 10 yes Figure 2 Sectional view at point AA; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the chain torsion assembly of the present invention; Figure 12 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle; Figure 13 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the key shaft transmission assembly of the present invention.

[0016] In the diagram: 1. Frame; 101. Top plate; 2. Hydraulic adjustable assembly; 21. Right-angle frame; 22. End plate; 23. Hydraulic cylinder; 3. Tension sensing fixture one; 31. Tension sensor; 32. Flange; 4. Chain torsion assembly; 41. Island platform; 42. Hollow rotary drum; 421. Stepped ring; 43. Inner frame; 431. Middle cylinder; 432. Protruding arm; 44. Sprocket reduction transmission structure; 5. Middle frame; 6. Rotary drive assembly; 61. Motor; 62. Central gear plate; 63. 7. Driven gear; 8. Wedge tensioning assembly; 9. Connecting frame; 10. Inclined guide rail; 11. Rectangular table; 12. Lead screw; 13. Convex slide table; 14. Light shield; 15. Side frame; 16. Slotted photoelectric switch; 17. Bevel gear reversing transmission pair; 18. Tension sensing fixture II; 19. Guide structure; 10. Key shaft transmission assembly; 1001. U-shaped long frame; 1002. Slide; 1003. Splined shaft; 1004. T-shaped outer bushing; 1005. Inner splined bushing; 11. Control panel. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] Example 1, by Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the present invention includes a frame 1 as a load-bearing base and a top plate 101 fixedly installed at the top of the frame 1; Hydraulic adjustment assembly 2, multiple hydraulic adjustment assemblies 2 are installed on top plate 101 and are distributed in a ring at equal intervals around the vertical axis of top plate 101. Each hydraulic adjustment assembly 2 is equipped with a tension sensing fixture 3 at its telescopic end. The tension sensing fixture 3 is used to fix one end of the insulator to be tested and to sense the axial tension in real time. The chain torsion assembly 4 is located at the top of the top plate 101 on one side of the hydraulic pitch adjustment assembly 2. The drive end of the chain torsion assembly 4 is equipped with a tension sensing fixture 2 8, which is used to fix the other end of the insulator under test and sense the axial tension in real time. A middle frame 5 is fixed at the center of the top of the top plate 101. Multiple wedge tension assemblies 7 corresponding to the hydraulic pitch adjustment assembly 2 are installed on the outer walls of the middle frame 5. A rotary drive assembly 6 is set at the center of the middle frame 5 to output rotational power to each wedge tension assembly 7. A guide structure 9 is set at the top of the top plate 101 between the middle frame 5 and the hydraulic pitch adjustment assembly 2 to ensure the straightness of the chain torsion assembly 4 when it moves. The guide structure 9 restricts the freedom of the chain torsion assembly 4 in other directions, ensuring that the chain torsion assembly 4 and the tension sensing fixture 2 8 always move along the correct axis, ensuring that the insulator only bears the set axial and torsional loads without introducing additional bending stress. The key shaft drive assembly 10 is installed on the top wall of the frame 1 below the chain torsion assembly 4, and is used to enable the chain torsion assembly 4 and the wedge tensioning assembly 7 to be powered together. Control panel 11 is installed on one side of the outer wall of frame 1 and is electrically connected to hydraulic adjustment assembly 2, rotary drive assembly 6, tension sensing fixture 1 3, and tension sensing fixture 2 8 respectively. It is used to send control commands and receive feedback signals.

[0019] This embodiment of a defect detection method, using the aforementioned equipment, includes the following steps: S101: The multiple hydraulic adjustment assemblies 2, which are distributed in a ring at equal intervals, are started through the control panel 11. The hydraulic adjustment assembly 2 drives the tension sensing fixture 1 3 to move smoothly. The distance between tension sensing fixture 1 3 and tension sensing fixture 2 8 is adjusted until the distance matches the structural length of the insulator to be tested. The high-voltage post insulator to be tested is hoisted and moved between tension sensing fixture 1 3 and tension sensing fixture 2 8. The fixtures are then operated to securely lock the metal accessories at both ends of the insulator. S102: Set the loading rate of the axial tension of the equipment on the control panel 11. During the operation of the equipment, the application speed of the torsional load is proportional to the loading rate of the axial tension. Then, start the rotary drive assembly 6. Part of the power of the rotary drive assembly 6 is transmitted to multiple annular equidistant wedge tension assemblies 7 on the outer wall of the middle frame 5. The wedge tension assembly 7 converts the rotational motion into linear tension force, which acts on the chain torsion assembly 4 and the tension sensing fixture 2 8 connected to it. The chain torsion assembly 4 and the tension sensing fixture 2 8 move away from the tension sensing fixture 3 along the guide structure 9, thereby applying an axial tension load to the insulator fixed between the two. S103: Another part of the power of the rotary drive assembly 6 is transmitted to the chain torsion assembly 4 through the key shaft transmission group 10. The rotational motion of the chain torsion assembly 4 directly acts on the tension sensing fixture 8, so that while it moves and tightens along the axial direction, it also generates a torsional displacement around the axis, thereby applying a torsional load to the insulator synchronously. S104: During the load loading process, tension sensing fixture 1 (3) and tension sensing fixture 2 (8) continuously feed back real-time force data to the control panel 11. The staff closely monitors the load change curve through the display screen of the control panel 11 until a certain moment when the insulator breaks under the combined action of axial tension and torsional load. The equipment then automatically recognizes the sudden drop in load and stops loading, recording the maximum combined load value and the corresponding data curve throughout the process.

[0020] Example 2, based on Example 1, is... Figure 6 As shown, the hydraulic adjustable assembly 2 includes a right-angle bracket 21, an end plate 22, and a hydraulic cylinder 23; The right-angle bracket 21 is fixedly installed at the corner of the top of the top plate 101. The end plate 22 is slidably installed on the top wall of the right-angle bracket 21 through two transverse guide rods. The hydraulic cylinder 23 is installed on the top wall of the right-angle bracket 21 and is parallel to the length direction of the right-angle bracket 21. The piston rod end of the hydraulic cylinder 23 is fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the end plate 22. When the hydraulic adjustable spacing assembly 2 is working, the hydraulic cylinder 23 pulls the end plate 22 and the tension sensing fixture 3 to move horizontally along the length of the right angle frame 21, so as to quickly adjust the test space for insulators of different length specifications. The tension sensing fixture 3 includes a tension sensor 31 fixed on the outer wall of one side of the end plate 22 and a flange 32 installed on the tension detection end of the tension sensor 31. The flange 32 needs to be designed according to the insulator flange to ensure that the end of the insulator will not slip or be locally crushed under the action of huge axial tension and torsional force. The tension sensor 31 captures the tension state transmitted from the insulator in real time, and the complete mechanical signal it acquires is transmitted to the control panel 11 to provide signal basis for closed-loop control and data recording.

[0021] Example 3, based on Example 1, is... Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9The wedge-type tensioning assembly 7 includes a rectangular platform 73 fixed on the outer wall of the middle frame 5, a connecting frame 71 slidably mounted on the bottom end of the rectangular platform 73 via a track, and a convex slide 75 slidably mounted on the outer wall of the middle frame 5 along the vertical direction via a track. A nut pair is fixed inside the convex slide 75. A lead screw 74 coaxial with the nut pair is rotatably mounted on the bottom end of the rectangular platform 73. A bevel gear reversing transmission pair 79 for transmitting rotational power to the key shaft transmission assembly 10 is mounted on the lower end of the lead screw 74. An inclined guide rail 72 is fixed on the outer wall of the connecting frame 71 near the convex slide 75. The inclined guide rail 72 and the convex slide 75 cooperate. The extended line of the inclined guide rail 72 intersects the vertical axis of the middle frame 5 at an acute angle. After the rotary drive assembly 6 outputs rotary power to each wedge tension assembly 7, the lead screw 74 is able to rotate. The lead screw 74 drives the convex slide 75 to move down through the nut pair. Since the convex slide 75 slides in cooperation with the inclined guide rail 72 on the outer wall of the connecting frame 71, the convex slide 75 will force the connecting frame 71 to move closer to the vertical axis of the middle frame 5 when it moves down, thereby converting the rotary motion into a smooth linear tensioning force. The wedge-type tensioning assemblies 7 on the outer wall of the middle frame 5 are distributed in a ring at equal intervals. At this time, the tensioning force generated by each wedge-type tensioning assembly 7 is equal, which can apply a stable and evenly distributed axial tension to the insulator at the corresponding station. A notch is provided on the outer wall of the middle frame 5 between two adjacent connecting frames 71. A side frame 77 is fixed in one of the notches. A slotted photoelectric switch 78 is installed on the outer wall of the side frame 77 near the convex slide table 75. A light-shielding plate 76 is fixed on the top of the convex slide table 75. The position of the light-shielding plate 76 is detected by the slotted photoelectric switch 78. When the insulator breaks due to the axial tension applied by the wedge tension assembly 7, the light-shielding plate 76 at the top of the convex slide table 75 will exit the slotted photoelectric switch 78. The slotted photoelectric switch 78 sends the exit signal of the light-shielding plate 76 to the control panel 11 and controls the rotary drive assembly 6 to stop working, so as to achieve the effect of timely shutdown. The rotary drive assembly 6 includes a motor 61 mounted at the bottom of the middle frame 5, a driven gear 63 fixed at a lower position on the lead screw 74, and a central gear 62 mounted at the lower end of the output shaft of the motor 61. The central gear 62 and each driven gear 63 are meshed. The output shaft of the motor 61 drives the central gear 62 to rotate. The central gear 62 transmits rotational power to the lead screw 74 through the driven gears 63. The motor 61 can also be replaced by a hydraulic motor, or used in conjunction with a reducer, so as to achieve compound loading with a single power source.

[0022] Example 4, based on Example 3, by Figure 10 , Figure 11 , Figure 12 and Figure 13The key shaft transmission assembly 10 includes a U-shaped long frame 1001 fixed on the top wall of the frame 1, a spline shaft 1003 rotatably mounted on the upper part of the U-shaped long frame 1001 via a bearing, and a slide 1002 slidably mounted on the bottom of the U-shaped long frame 1001. A T-shaped outer bushing 1004 concentric with the spline shaft 1003 is fixed inside the slide 1002, and an inner spline sleeve 1005 is rotatably mounted inside the T-shaped outer bushing 1004. The inner spline sleeve 1005 and the spline shaft 1003 are slidably engaged. The end of the spline shaft 1003 facing the middle frame 5 is connected to the power supply through a bevel gear reversing transmission pair 79 and a lead screw 74. The chain torsion assembly 4 includes an island platform 41 slidably mounted on the top of the top plate 101 via a guide structure 9, a hollow rotating cylinder 42 mounted inside the island platform 41 via ball bearings, and an inner frame 43 fixed at the central axis position inside the hollow rotating cylinder 42. A tension sensing fixture 8 is mounted on the outer wall of the inner frame 43 near the hydraulic adjustment assembly 2. A sprocket reduction transmission structure 44 is installed between the hollow rotating cylinder 42 and the inner spline sleeve 1005. The sprocket reduction transmission structure 44 is used to receive the rotational power from the spline shaft 1003 and the inner spline sleeve 1005. The sprocket reduction transmission structure 44 can reliably convert the rotational motion into a torsional load around the axis, and is not prone to slippage or power interruption. When the wedge tensioning assembly 7 receives power from the rotary drive assembly 6, it also transmits the rotational power to the chain torsion assembly 4 through the key shaft transmission group 10. During this process, the hollow drum 42 receives the rotational power from the key shaft transmission group 10 through the sprocket reduction transmission structure 44. Then, the hollow drum 42 drives the inner frame 43 and the tension sensing fixture 8 to rotate, thereby generating torsion towards the workpiece that has been axially tensioned. The lower end of the lead screw 74 drives the spline shaft 1003 to rotate through the bevel gear reversing transmission pair 79. In turn, the spline shaft 1003 drives the inner spline sleeve 1005 in the T-shaped outer bushing 1004 to rotate. The inner spline sleeve 1005 drives the hollow drum 42 and the inner frame 43 to rotate through the sprocket reduction transmission structure 44. This ensures the accuracy and immediacy of the application of torsional load, so that the tension sensing tool 2 8 can immediately obtain the torsional action synchronized with the chain torsion assembly 4 while moving axially. A stepped ring 421 is fixed at one end inside the hollow rotating drum 42. The inner frame 43 is composed of a middle cylinder 431 and a protruding arm 432. The middle cylinder 431 is concentrically arranged inside the hollow rotating drum 42. The protruding arm 432 is integrally formed on the outer circumference of the middle cylinder 431 at equal intervals. The protruding arm 432 and the stepped ring 421 are bolted together, which can separate the middle cylinder 431, the protruding arm 432 and the stepped ring 421 of the hollow rotating drum 42, so as to quickly remove the inner frame 43 and the tension sensing tool 2 8 from the hollow rotating drum 42.

[0023] The present invention also provides an application of a defect detection device in tension insulators, including the device described above.

[0024] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0025] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A defect detection device, comprising a frame (1) serving as a supporting foundation and a top plate (101) fixedly mounted on the top of the frame (1), characterized in that: Hydraulic adjustment assembly (2), multiple hydraulic adjustment assemblies (2) are installed on the top plate (101) and are distributed in a ring at equal intervals around the vertical axis of the top plate (101). Each hydraulic adjustment assembly (2) is equipped with a tension sensing fixture (3) at its telescopic end. The tension sensing fixture (3) is used to fix one end of the insulator to be tested and to sense the axial tension in real time. Chain torsion assembly (4) is located on the top of the top plate (101) on one side of the hydraulic pitch adjustment assembly (2). The drive end of the chain torsion assembly (4) is equipped with a tension sensing fixture (8). The tension sensing fixture (8) is used to fix the other end of the insulator to be tested and sense the axial tension in real time. A middle frame (5) is fixed at the center of the top of the top plate (101). Multiple wedge tensioning assemblies (7) corresponding to the hydraulic pitch adjustment assembly (2) are installed on the outer walls of the middle frame (5). A rotary drive assembly (6) that outputs rotational power to each wedge tensioning assembly (7) is located at the center of the middle frame (5). A guide structure (9) is provided at the top of the top plate (101) between the middle frame (5) and the hydraulic pitch adjustment assembly (2) to ensure the straightness of the chain torsion assembly (4) when it moves. Key shaft drive assembly (10) is installed on the top wall of the frame (1) below the chain torsion assembly (4) to enable the chain torsion assembly (4) and the wedge tension assembly (7) to be connected for power. Control panel (11) is installed on one side of the outer wall of the frame (1) and is electrically connected to the hydraulic adjustment assembly (2), the rotary drive assembly (6), the tension sensing fixture one (3), and the tension sensing fixture two (8) respectively. It is used to send control commands and receive feedback signals.

2. The defect detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic adjustable assembly (2) includes a right-angle bracket (21), an end plate (22), and a hydraulic cylinder (23); The right-angle bracket (21) is fixedly installed at the corner of the top of the top plate (101). The end plate (22) is slidably installed on the top wall of the right-angle bracket (21) through two transverse guide rods. The hydraulic cylinder (23) is installed on the top wall of the right-angle bracket (21) and is parallel to the length direction of the right-angle bracket (21). The piston rod end of the hydraulic cylinder (23) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of one side of the end plate (22).

3. The defect detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The tension sensing fixture (3) includes a tension sensor (31) fixed on the outer wall of one side of the end plate (22) and a flange (32) installed on the tension detection end of the tension sensor (31).

4. The defect detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wedge tensioning assembly (7) includes a rectangular platform (73) fixed on the outer wall of the middle frame (5), a connecting frame (71) slidably mounted on the bottom end of the rectangular platform (73) via a track, and a convex slide (75) slidably mounted on the outer wall of the middle frame (5) along the vertical direction via a track. A nut pair is fixed inside the convex slide (75). A lead screw (74) coaxial with the nut pair is rotatably mounted on the bottom end of the rectangular platform (73). A bevel gear reversing transmission pair (79) for transmitting rotational power to the key shaft transmission assembly (10) is installed at the lower end of the lead screw (74). An inclined guide rail (72) is fixed on the outer wall of the connecting frame (71) near the convex slide (75). The inclined guide rail (72) and the convex slide (75) cooperate. The extended line of the inclined guide rail (72) intersects the vertical axis of the middle frame (5) at an acute angle.

5. A defect detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A notch is provided on the outer wall of the middle frame (5) between two adjacent connecting frames (71), and a side frame (77) is fixed in one of the notches. A slotted photoelectric switch (78) is installed on the outer wall of the side frame (77) near the convex slide (75). A light shield (76) is fixed on the top of the convex slide (75). The position of the light shield (76) is detected by the slotted photoelectric switch (78). The rotary drive assembly (6) includes a motor (61) installed at the bottom of the middle frame (5), a driven gear (63) fixed at the lower position of the lead screw (74), and a central gear disk (62) installed at the lower end of the output shaft of the motor (61). The central gear disk (62) and each driven gear (63) are meshed.

6. A defect detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The key shaft transmission assembly (10) includes a U-shaped long frame (1001) fixed on the top wall of the frame (1), a spline shaft (1003) rotatably mounted on the upper part of the U-shaped long frame (1001) via a bearing, and a slide (1002) slidably mounted on the bottom of the U-shaped long frame (1001). A T-shaped outer bushing (1004) concentric with the spline shaft (1003) is fixed inside the slide (1002), and an inner spline sleeve (1005) is rotatably mounted inside the T-shaped outer bushing (1004). The inner spline sleeve (1005) and the spline shaft (1003) slide in cooperation. The end of the spline shaft (1003) facing the middle frame (5) is connected to the power supply through a bevel gear reversing transmission pair (79) and a lead screw (74).

7. A defect detection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The chain torsion assembly (4) includes an island platform (41) slidably mounted on the top of the top plate (101) via a guide structure (9), a hollow drum (42) mounted inside the island platform (41) via ball bearings rotating concentrically, and an inner frame (43) fixed at the central axis position inside the hollow drum (42). A tension sensing fixture (8) is mounted on the outer wall of the inner frame (43) near the hydraulic adjustment assembly (2). A sprocket reduction transmission structure (44) is installed between the hollow drum (42) and the inner spline sleeve (1005). The sprocket reduction transmission structure (44) is used to receive rotational power from the spline shaft (1003) and the inner spline sleeve (1005).

8. A defect detection device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A stepped ring (421) is fixed at one end inside the hollow rotating cylinder (42). The inner frame (43) is composed of a middle cylinder (431) and a convex arm (432). The middle cylinder (431) is concentrically arranged inside the hollow rotating cylinder (42). The convex arm (432) is integrally formed on the outer circumference of the middle cylinder (431) with equal spacing. The convex arm (432) and the stepped ring (421) are bolted together.

9. A defect detection method, using the device as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S101: Start the multiple hydraulic adjustment assemblies (2) that are distributed in a ring at equal intervals through the control panel (11). The hydraulic adjustment assembly (2) drives the tension sensing fixture one (3) to move smoothly. Adjust the distance between tension sensing fixture one (3) and tension sensing fixture two (8) until the distance matches the structural length of the insulator to be tested. Hoist and move the high voltage post insulator to be tested between tension sensing fixture one (3) and tension sensing fixture two (8), and operate the fixture to securely lock the metal accessories at both ends of the insulator. S102: Set the loading rate of the axial tension of the equipment on the control panel (11). The application speed of the torsional load during the operation of the equipment is proportional to the loading rate of the axial tension. Then start the rotary drive assembly (6). Part of the power of the rotary drive assembly (6) is transmitted to multiple annular equidistant wedge tension assemblies (7) on the outer wall of the middle frame (5). The wedge tension assembly (7) converts the rotary motion into linear tension force, which acts on the chain torsion assembly (4) and the tension sensing fixture two (8) connected thereto. The chain torsion assembly (4) and the tension sensing fixture two (8) move away from the tension sensing fixture one (3) along the guide structure (9), thereby applying an axial tension load to the insulator fixed between the two. S103: Another part of the power of the rotary drive assembly (6) is transmitted to the chain torsion assembly (4) through the key shaft transmission group (10). The rotational motion of the chain torsion assembly (4) directly acts on the tension sensing fixture (8), so that while it moves and tightens along the axial direction, it also generates a torsional displacement around the axis, thereby applying a torsional load to the insulator synchronously. S104: During the load loading process, tension sensing fixture 1 (3) and tension sensing fixture 2 (8) continuously feed back real-time force data to the control panel (11). The staff closely monitors the load change curve through the display screen of the control panel (11). Until a certain moment, the insulator breaks under the combined action of axial tension and torsional load. The equipment then automatically recognizes the sudden drop in load and stops loading, recording the maximum combined load value and the corresponding data curve throughout the process.

10. The application of a defect detection device in tension insulators, characterized in that, Includes the device as described in any one of claims 1-8.

Images