An aspect of the present disclosure provides a method and device for proving an aspect ratio, a storage medium and an electronic device.

Abstract

The application discloses a forward aspect ratio demonstration method and device, a storage medium and an electronic device, and comprises the following steps: collecting data and establishing a three-dimensional geological model; determining a receiving line distance, a receiving trace distance and a maximum shot-receiver distance, and establishing an original arrangement slice; performing three-dimensional ray tracing forward on the original arrangement slice based on the three-dimensional geological model, and counting the number of geophones; keeping the established maximum shot-receiver distance unchanged, decreasing the observation width by a step of twice the receiving line distance, and generating an arrangement slice; performing three-dimensional ray tracing forward on each new arrangement slice, and counting the number of geophones one by one; selecting the arrangement slice with the largest number of received geophones from all new arrangement slices, and determining the aspect ratio of the arrangement slice as the final aspect ratio of the observation system. According to the method, the device, the storage medium and the electronic device, the aspect ratio of the observation system can be accurately determined, and the scientificity and adaptability of the arrangement slice design are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of geological information acquisition, and in particular to a method, apparatus, storage medium, and electronic device for forward modeling aspect ratio verification. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of petroleum seismic exploration, as exploration targets extend to deeper and more complex geological structures, 3D observation systems have become a core technical means for acquiring subsurface geological information. Through 3D observation systems, seismic wave reflection information from different azimuths and distances can be efficiently acquired, resulting in more comprehensive and complete 3D seismic data. This system is particularly crucial in the exploration and development of oil and gas reservoirs, especially in areas with complex structures and difficult reservoir prediction. It can significantly improve exploration accuracy, reduce ambiguity, and optimize subsequent seismic imaging and interpretation. Currently, wide-azimuth observation is the preferred method in the industry due to its uniform data coverage and significantly improved imaging quality. However, because wide-azimuth observation requires expanding the aspect ratio and coverage of the array, it often leads to a substantial increase in on-site acquisition costs. Therefore, in the field of 3D seismic acquisition, how to design a scientifically sound observation system that meets the exploration needs of complex geological targets while maintaining economic feasibility in terms of acquisition costs remains a significant technical challenge for the industry.

[0003] In existing technologies, the design of the aspect ratio of seismic arrays is typically based on empirical methods or simple optimization using data from previous acquisitions. Specifically, these methods utilize degraded observation systems to reduce the dimensionality of existing 3D seismic data and analyze the imaging results to determine the rationality of the aspect ratio. However, these empirical and historical data-based methods have significant limitations in practical applications. First, in new exploration areas, the lack of previous 3D seismic data, or the limited range and single-parameter observation system parameters in existing data, makes it difficult to provide a reliable basis for the scientific design of the aspect ratio. Second, traditional methods do not fully consider the influence of complex geological conditions on seismic wave propagation paths, resulting in poor performance of array design in deep and high-dipping structural regions. Third, empirical methods are often limited to specific work areas and target types, making it difficult to extend the scheme across regions. This makes current array design methods significantly inadequate for exploring oil and gas reservoirs with complex geological structures.

[0004] The main shortcomings of existing methods can be summarized as follows: First, the aspect ratio analysis of the array design lacks responsiveness to dynamic geological conditions such as surface undulations and complex structures, resulting in uneven distribution of observation data and incomplete acquisition of reflection information from key target layers. Second, traditional techniques fail to combine 3D geological models with ray forward modeling for quantitative analysis of array design, lacking theoretical support and failing to ensure that seismic wave propagation paths are compatible with array parameters, leading to inefficient acquisition schemes. Finally, existing techniques lack optimization considerations for acquisition costs and economics, generally pursuing high coverage in wide-azimuth observations while neglecting the impact of excessively high acquisition costs on overall exploration benefits. Therefore, existing techniques are insufficient to meet the dual demands of high-precision detection and economic optimization for deep, complex structural oil and gas reservoirs. A technical solution combining 3D geological models, ray forward modeling analysis, and dynamic adjustment capabilities is needed to improve the scientific rigor and adaptability of array design. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method, apparatus, storage medium, and electronic device for forward aspect ratio verification, thereby overcoming the deficiencies of the prior art.

[0006] On the one hand, this invention provides a forward modeling method for proving aspect ratio, including the following steps:

[0007] Collect data, including at least geological, seismic, and drilling data, and establish a three-dimensional geological model;

[0008] Determine the receiver line spacing, receiver track spacing, and maximum shot-receiver distance, and establish an initial arrangement of plates with a width of 95% to 105% of the maximum shot-receiver distance, a length of 95% to 105% of the maximum shot-receiver distance, and a width-to-length ratio of 0.95 to 1.05.

[0009] Based on the three-dimensional geological model, a three-dimensional ray tracing forward modeling was performed on the original arrangement sheet, and the number of detector points in the arrangement sheet that received outgoing rays was counted.

[0010] Keeping the established maximum shot-receiver distance constant, the observation width is decreased in steps of twice the receiver line spacing to generate at least two new arrangement sheets;

[0011] Perform three-dimensional ray tracing forward modeling on each new arrangement piece, and count the number of detector points in each arrangement piece that receive the emitted rays one by one;

[0012] From all the new array plates, select the array plate with the most detector points receiving the outgoing rays, and determine its aspect ratio as the final aspect ratio of the observation system.

[0013] This technical solution provides a method for verifying the aspect ratio of a ray forward modeling observation system based on a three-dimensional geological model. Its core is to utilize three-dimensional ray tracing forward modeling technology to evaluate the effectiveness of arrangement pieces and optimize their aspect ratio based on the number of receiver points. During the data collection phase, a three-dimensional geological model is constructed by combining geological, seismic, and drilling data. The aspect ratio and size range of the original arrangement pieces are determined as a percentage of the maximum shot-receiver distance. Furthermore, during arrangement piece adjustment, by fixing the maximum shot-receiver distance, the width of the arrangement pieces is gradually reduced in steps of twice the receiver line spacing, generating new arrangement pieces step by step. Each generated arrangement piece undergoes ray tracing forward modeling, and the number of receiver points receiving outgoing rays is counted one by one. Finally, the arrangement piece with the most receiver points is selected as the optimal arrangement piece, and its aspect ratio is used as the final aspect ratio of the observation system.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this technical solution are as follows: By combining three-dimensional geological models and ray forward modeling, this method can accurately optimize the shape and size of the array in complex geological environments. The strategy of fixing the maximum shot-receiver distance and gradually reducing the width ensures that the coverage area remains effective when the array is adjusted, avoiding the loss of important seismic signals due to excessive adjustment. At the same time, using the number of receiver points as the optimization target can intuitively reflect the receiving efficiency of the array, improving the overall effectiveness of the observation system. The scientific nature and practicality of this method make it perform well under complex seismic exploration conditions, providing a reliable basis for the design of subsequent observation systems.

[0015] It also includes dynamically adjusting the arrangement of the pieces, the dynamic adjustment including:

[0016] Based on the surface undulation data, the spacing of the receiving lines of the array is adjusted so that the variation in the receiving line spacing does not exceed ±10% of the receiving line spacing.

[0017] When the width or length of the arrangement sheet is limited by the terrain, priority should be given to maintaining the symmetry of the central area of ​​the arrangement sheet, and the width or length of the edge of the arrangement sheet should be adjusted so that the deviation does not exceed 5% of the size of the arrangement sheet.

[0018] This technical solution proposes a function to dynamically adjust the array based on terrain conditions, aiming to improve the applicability of the array under complex terrain conditions. First, the spacing between the receiver lines is moderately adjusted (with a change of no more than ±10%) to adapt to the undulating terrain conditions while ensuring the effectiveness of the array and avoiding blind spots caused by terrain fluctuations. Second, when the width or length of the array is difficult to maintain within the standard range due to terrain limitations, the method of prioritizing the symmetry of the central area and adjusting the edge size reduces the decrease in observation accuracy caused by asymmetry.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this technical solution are as follows: the dynamic adjustment function significantly enhances the adaptability of the observation system, enabling it to flexibly cope with complex terrain conditions. The fine-tuning method for receiver line spacing balances terrain adaptability and the effectiveness of the arrangement, avoiding data discontinuities caused by large adjustments. Simultaneously, prioritizing the maintenance of the arrangement's central symmetry helps maintain the integrity and stability of the observation data. Through fine adjustments to the edge regions, the usability of the observation system in terrain-constrained areas is improved, providing a better solution for seismic exploration under highly complex terrain conditions.

[0020] The steps maintain the established maximum shot-receiver distance unchanged, and decrease the observation width in steps of twice the receiver line spacing to generate at least two new arrangement sheets. The arrangement sheet width of the decreasing observation width is determined by the following formula:

[0021] A i =(INT(2*X) max / RLI)-2*(i-1))*RLI................................(1)

[0022] Where A i Let be the width of the i-th newly arranged piece;

[0023] INT is the integer function;

[0024] X max This represents the maximum shot-receiver distance.

[0025] RLI stands for receiver line spacing.

[0026] This technical solution describes the method of decreasing the width of the array plates using a formula. This formula, through an integer function and a linear relationship with the receiver line spacing, ensures that the decreasing width of the array plates maintains regularity and calculability throughout the process, while fixing the maximum shot-receiver distance to avoid affecting the shot point layout when adjusting the width.

[0027] The beneficial effects of this technical solution are as follows: Using a formula for width reduction design ensures a scientific and rigorous adjustment process for the arrangement pieces, avoiding shape imbalances caused by blind adjustments. Through step-size calculations, the width variation remains within a reasonable range, ensuring that the adjusted arrangement pieces consistently meet receiving requirements. This method makes width adjustment more efficient and controllable, providing a precise calculation basis for optimizing the shape of the arrangement pieces.

[0028] The steps maintain the established maximum shot-receiver distance unchanged, and decrease the observation width in steps of twice the receiver line spacing. The length of the arrangement of at least two new arrangement pieces with decreasing observation width is determined by the following formula:

[0029] B i=(2*INT(SQRT(X)) max 2 -(A i / 2) 2 ) / RI)+1)*RI..........................(2)

[0030] Where SQRT is the square root function;

[0031] RI is the receiver pitch.

[0032] This technical solution proposes a formula for adjusting the length of the array plate, which calculates the length of the array plate by combining the width adjustment value and the receiver channel spacing. The introduction of the square root function ensures that the relationship between the length and width satisfies a geometric distribution, guaranteeing the rationality of the overall shape of the array plate.

[0033] The beneficial effects of this technical solution are as follows: the length calculation formula, combined with width variation, achieves comprehensiveness and scientific rigor in the adjustment of the array. By fixing the geometric relationships, it not only ensures that the aspect ratio of the adjusted array remains within a reasonable range, but also avoids excessive impact on the coverage area of ​​the array during length adjustment. The standardization and calculability of the formula make the array optimization process more efficient, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the observation system design.

[0034] The steps described above involve performing three-dimensional ray tracing forward modeling on each new arrangement piece, and counting the number of detectors in each arrangement piece that receive outgoing rays. When performing three-dimensional ray tracing forward modeling on each arrangement piece, the effectiveness of the arrangement piece is evaluated by counting the number of detectors in the arrangement piece that can receive outgoing rays, wherein the step size decreases by no more than 200m each time.

[0035] This technical solution evaluates the effectiveness of an array by counting the number of detectors that receive outgoing rays in each array during the three-dimensional ray tracing forward modeling process. The step size of no more than 200m is set to ensure the precision of the adjustment and avoid a significant reduction in the effective coverage area of ​​the array due to excessively large adjustments at once.

[0036] The beneficial effects of this technical solution are as follows: by gradually adjusting the step size and counting the number of detector points one by one, this method can accurately evaluate the effectiveness of the array. The step size constraint ensures the refinement of the adjustment process, further improving the accuracy and reliability of array optimization. Combined with the intuitive evaluation index of the number of detector points, it can more comprehensively reflect the contribution of the array to the performance of the observation system.

[0037] The process involves comparing the number of detector points across all arrays, selecting the array with the highest number of detector points, and calculating its aspect ratio as the final result. The formula for calculating the aspect ratio is as follows:

[0038] Ci =A i / B i .............................................(3),

[0039] Among them, C i Let be the aspect ratio of the i-th new arrangement piece.

[0040] This technical solution calculates the aspect ratio of the array plates using a formula, and uses the array plate with the largest number of detector points as the final optimization target. This formula reflects the geometric characteristics of the array plates through the ratio of width to length, providing key parameters for the final design of the observation system.

[0041] The beneficial effects of this technical solution are as follows: the method for calculating the aspect ratio provides a clear basis for optimizing the shape of the array, directly reflecting the impact of the array on the overall performance of the observation system. Selecting the array with the largest number of receiver points as the target further enhances the scientific rigor and practicality of the design results, laying the foundation for the precise deployment of the subsequent observation system.

[0042] Adjust the arrangement of the pieces according to the final aspect ratio, so that the total variation in the width and length of the arrangement pieces does not exceed 10%.

[0043] This technical solution, after determining the final aspect ratio, limits the adjustment range of the array width and length to no more than 10%. This fine-tuning method ensures that the array meets actual observation requirements while maintaining the intended effect.

[0044] The beneficial effects of this technical solution are that setting the adjustment range limit optimizes the adaptability of the observation system while ensuring the stability of the array. By refining the adjustment range, the adaptability of the array to complex geological and topographical conditions is further improved, making the final observation system more practical and efficient.

[0045] A second aspect of the present invention provides an apparatus for performing the above-described method, comprising:

[0046] Geological modeling unit: used to collect geological, seismic, and drilling results, and to build three-dimensional geological models;

[0047] Arrangement generation unit: used to generate the original arrangement sheet and a series of new arrangement sheets based on the receiver line spacing, receiver track spacing and maximum shot-receiver distance;

[0048] Ray forward modeling unit: used to perform three-dimensional ray tracing forward modeling on the original and new array pieces, and to count the number of detectors that receive outgoing rays in each array piece;

[0049] Aspect Ratio Calculation Unit: Used to determine the array plate with the most detector points receiving the emitted rays based on statistical results, and to calculate its aspect ratio;

[0050] Dynamic adjustment unit: used to adjust the spacing between the receiving lines and the width or length of the array according to the surface conditions.

[0051] This technical solution describes an apparatus comprising modules for geological modeling, arrangement slice generation, ray forward modeling, aspect ratio calculation, and dynamic adjustment, with each module having a clear division of labor and working in concert.

[0052] The beneficial effects of this technical solution are as follows: the modular design of the device realizes full-process automation of the method. From data collection to arrangement optimization, each step is completed efficiently in the system, which greatly improves the efficiency and accuracy of the observation system design.

[0053] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of any of the methods described above.

[0054] Its beneficial effect is that, through the implementation of electronic devices, the system can automatically execute complex geological data processing steps, improving work efficiency and data processing accuracy, and facilitating its widespread application.

[0055] Fourthly, the present invention provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of any of the methods described above. Attached Figure Description

[0056] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

[0057] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or related technologies will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0058] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a forward aspect ratio verification method provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 2 The original P provided for the embodiments of the present invention o Arrangement diagram;

[0060] Figure 3The three-dimensional geological model and arrangement plot P provided in the embodiments of the present invention o Schematic diagram;

[0061] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a computer-readable storage medium provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0062] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0063] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a method for proving the aspect ratio in forward modeling is disclosed. Figure 1 Here is a flowchart of a forward aspect ratio proof method according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the method includes:

[0064] Collect data, including at least geological, seismic, and drilling data, and establish a three-dimensional geological model;

[0065] Determine the receiver line spacing, receiver track spacing, and maximum shot-receiver distance, and establish an initial arrangement of plates with a width of 95% to 105% of the maximum shot-receiver distance, a length of 95% to 105% of the maximum shot-receiver distance, and a width-to-length ratio of 0.95 to 1.05.

[0066] Based on the three-dimensional geological model, a three-dimensional ray tracing forward modeling was performed on the original arrangement sheet, and the number of detector points in the arrangement sheet that received outgoing rays was counted.

[0067] Keeping the established maximum shot-receiver distance constant, the observation width is decreased in steps of twice the receiver line spacing to generate at least two new arrangement sheets;

[0068] Perform three-dimensional ray tracing forward modeling on each new arrangement piece, and count the number of detector points in each arrangement piece that receive the emitted rays one by one;

[0069] From all the new array plates, select the array plate with the most detector points that receive the outgoing rays, and determine its aspect ratio as the final aspect ratio of the observation system.

[0070] It also includes dynamically adjusting the arrangement of the pieces, the dynamic adjustment including:

[0071] Based on the surface undulation data, the spacing of the receiving lines of the array is adjusted so that the variation in the receiving line spacing does not exceed ±10% of the receiving line spacing.

[0072] When the width or length of the arrangement sheet is limited by the terrain, priority should be given to maintaining the symmetry of the central area of ​​the arrangement sheet, and the width or length of the edge of the arrangement sheet should be adjusted so that the deviation does not exceed 5% of the size of the arrangement sheet;

[0073] The steps maintain the established maximum shot-receiver distance unchanged, and decrease the observation width in steps of twice the receiver line spacing to generate at least two new arrangement sheets. The arrangement sheet width of the decreasing observation width is determined by the following formula:

[0074] A i =(INT(2*X) max / RLI)-2*(i-1))*RLI............................(1)

[0075] Where A i Let be the width of the i-th newly arranged piece;

[0076] INT is the integer function;

[0077] X max This represents the maximum shot-receiver distance.

[0078] RLI stands for receiver line spacing;

[0079] The steps maintain the established maximum shot-receiver distance unchanged, and decrease the observation width in steps of twice the receiver line spacing. The length of the arrangement of at least two new arrangement pieces with decreasing observation width is determined by the following formula:

[0080] B i =(2*INT(SQRT(X)) max 2 -(A i / 2) 2 ) / RI)+1)*RI..........................(2)

[0081] Where SQRT is the square root function;

[0082] RI is the receiver distance;

[0083] The steps described above involve performing three-dimensional ray tracing forward modeling on each new arrangement piece and counting the number of detectors in each arrangement piece that receive outgoing rays. When performing three-dimensional ray tracing forward modeling on each arrangement piece, the effectiveness of the arrangement piece is evaluated by counting the number of detectors in the arrangement piece that can receive outgoing rays, wherein the step size of each decrease does not exceed 200m.

[0084] The process involves comparing the number of detector points across all arrays, selecting the array with the highest number of detector points, and calculating its aspect ratio as the final result. The formula for calculating the aspect ratio is as follows:

[0085] C i =A i / B i ................................................(3),

[0086] Among them, C i Let be the aspect ratio of the i-th new arrangement piece;

[0087] Adjust the arrangement of the pieces according to the final aspect ratio, so that the total variation in the width and length of the arrangement pieces does not exceed 10%.

[0088] In one specific embodiment, including,

[0089] Step 1: Utilize seismic exploration interpretation results and drilling data to establish a three-dimensional geological model (e.g., Figure 2 (As shown).

[0090] Step 2: Based on the known receiver line spacing of 400m, receiver channel spacing of 100m, maximum shot-receiver distance of 5850m, and observation direction, establish the original arrangement P. o And deployed onto a three-dimensional geological model (such as...) Figure 2 (As shown).

[0091] Step 3: Perform 3D ray tracing forward modeling on the target layer, using P o Based on this, with Xmax remaining constant, the observation width is decreased in increments of twice the receiver line spacing to obtain a series of new arrangement plates P1, P2, ..., P 15 The number of detectors that can receive the emitted rays in the newly arranged plates is shown in Table 1 below.

[0092] Table 1. Statistical table of the number of detectors in each array that can receive radiation emitted from the target layer.

[0093] Serial Number Arrangement of slices Number of detectors that received the radiation (in units) A (meters) B (meters) Aspect Ratio 1 Po 1084 11600 11700 0.99 2 P1 226 11600 1500 7.73 3 P2 558 10800 4500 2.40 4 P3 703 10000 6100 1.64 5 P4 805 9200 7300 1.26 6 P5 875 8400 8100 1.04 7 P6 913 7600 8900 0.85 8 P7 918 6800 9500 0.72 9 P8 902 6000 10100 0.59 10 P9 842 5200 10500 0.50 11 P10 774 4400 10900 0.40 12 P11 683 3600 11100 0.32 13 P12 577 2800 11300 0.25 14 P13 462 2000 11500 0.17 15 P14 307 1200 11700 0.10 16 P15 151 400 11700 0.03

[0094] Step 4: Arrangement P7 has a total of 918 detector points that can receive the rays reflected back from the target layer, which is the most among all arrangement plates. The aspect ratio corresponding to P1 is 0.72, which is the final aspect ratio of the observation system.

[0095] Using the above steps, the aspect ratio of a three-dimensional observation system for complex geological structures can be calculated quickly.

[0096] In another embodiment, the following steps are included:

[0097] Step S1: Collect data and build a three-dimensional geological model. Collect seismic data (seismic reflection profiles), drilling data (lithological description, stratigraphic calibration), and geological data (tectonic background, reservoir parameters) related to the target exploration area. The purpose of this step is to ensure the integrity and accuracy of the data. Using geological modeling software, integrate the collected data and build a three-dimensional geological model. The model includes the target stratigraphic level, major fault structure, and reservoir distribution, reflecting the underground geological characteristics of the target area.

[0098] Step S2: Establish the initial array, set the receiver line spacing RLI = 400m, receiver channel spacing RI = 100m, and maximum shot-receiver distance X. max =5850m. Based on the above parameters, determine the width A = 11600m and length B = 11700m of the arrangement plate to cover X. max Calculate the aspect ratio C0 of the original arrangement of slices, which is 95%–105% of the original arrangement.

[0099] C0=A / B=11600 / 11700≈0.99.

[0100] Step S3: Three-dimensional ray tracing forward modeling. Based on a three-dimensional geological model, the ray tracing algorithm is used to simulate the propagation path of seismic waves emitted from the earthquake source underground, calculate the reflection and refraction of each ray, and record the number of receivers R0 in the original arrangement P0 that receive the emitted rays. R0 = 1084, which serves as an indicator of the effectiveness of the initial arrangement.

[0101] Step S4: Generate new arrangement pieces, decreasing the arrangement piece width by a step size of 2RLI = 800m, to generate new arrangement pieces P1 to P... 15 The width is calculated using the following formula:

[0102] A i =(INT(2*X) max / RLI)-2*(i-1))*RLI

[0103] According to the width A of the arrangement pieces i and maximum shot-receiver distance X max Calculate length B i :

[0104] B i =(2*INT(SQRT(X)) max 2-(A i / 2) 2 ) / RI)+1)*RI

[0105] Ensure that the length and width of the arrangement pieces match.

[0106] Step S5: Forward modeling and statistics. Perform three-dimensional ray tracing forward modeling on each new arrangement piece Pi, record the number of detector points Ri, and compare the R values ​​of all arrangements pieces. i The optimal arrangement P is selected by choosing the arrangement with the most detector points. opt P7 has the highest R7 = 918, so P7 is selected.

[0107] Step S6: Output the results, determine the aspect ratio C7 = 0.72 of the arrangement plate P7, and output it as the final design parameters of the observation system.

[0108] According to a second aspect of the present invention, an apparatus for performing a forward aspect ratio verification method is disclosed, comprising:

[0109] Geological modeling unit: used to collect geological, seismic, and drilling results, and to build three-dimensional geological models;

[0110] Arrangement generation unit: used to generate the original arrangement sheet and a series of new arrangement sheets based on the receiver line spacing, receiver track spacing and maximum shot-receiver distance;

[0111] Ray forward modeling unit: used to perform three-dimensional ray tracing forward modeling on the original and new array pieces, and to count the number of detectors that receive outgoing rays in each array piece;

[0112] Aspect Ratio Calculation Unit: Used to determine the array plate with the most detector points receiving the emitted rays based on statistical results, and to calculate its aspect ratio;

[0113] Dynamic adjustment unit: used to adjust the spacing between the receiving lines and the width or length of the array according to the surface conditions.

[0114] In one specific embodiment, the apparatus includes:

[0115] 1. The geological modeling unit receives external geological, seismic, and drilling data, and uses built-in modeling algorithms to convert the input data into a digital three-dimensional geological model. The model data is then transmitted to the permutation sheet generation unit as the geological basis for permutation sheet design.

[0116] 2. Arrangement generation unit, original arrangement generation: based on the input receiver line spacing RLI, receiver channel spacing RI, and maximum shot-receiver distance X. max Generate the initial arrangement piece P0. Calculate the width A according to the preset formula. i and length B i A series of new arrangement pieces are generated and these arrangement pieces are sent to the ray forward modeling unit.

[0117] 3. Ray Forward Modeling Unit, Ray Tracing Simulation: Based on the 3D model provided by the geological modeling unit, ray forward modeling is performed on the arrangement plots to calculate the propagation path of each ray and the distribution of receiver points; the number R of receiver points for each arrangement plot is recorded. i The statistical results are then transmitted to the aspect ratio calculation unit.

[0118] 4. Aspect Ratio Calculation Unit: Based on the Ri data provided by the ray forward modeling unit, selects the arrangement plate P with the highest number of detector points. opt For P opt Width A opt and length B opt Calculations were performed to obtain the aspect ratio C. opt =A opt / B opt， The aspect ratio result is output to the dynamic adjustment unit.

[0119] 5. Dynamic adjustment unit: Based on the surface topography, dynamically adjusts the receiving line spacing and edge width of the arrangement sheet to ensure that the adjustment range does not exceed ±10%, and outputs the adjusted arrangement sheet design parameters and aspect ratio results.

[0120] From the user's perspective, in a specific embodiment, the usage steps include:

[0121] 1. Input data: Users provide the data required for the three-dimensional geological model of the exploration area, including: seismic profile data: reflection characteristics, velocity field, etc.; drilling data: layer depth, lithological description, etc.; geological data: fault and reservoir distribution, etc. Input the observation system parameters in the device interface, such as receiver line spacing, receiver track spacing, and maximum shot-receiver distance.

[0122] 2. Start the arrangement sheet generation: The user starts the arrangement sheet generation module through the interface. The system automatically generates an initial arrangement sheet and generates a new arrangement sheet by decreasing the width. Confirm the arrangement sheet design results to ensure that the exploration range requirements are met.

[0123] 3. Perform ray forward modeling. The user starts the ray forward modeling unit, observes the ray propagation results and detector point distribution of each array, and views the detector point statistics of each array in real time.

[0124] 4. Optimize selection and adjustment: Users can view the aspect ratio calculation results and select the arrangement with the most receiver points. If adjustments are needed, users can input the surface topography conditions, start the dynamic adjustment unit, and optimize the arrangement design.

[0125] 5. Output the final design, confirm the aspect ratio and design parameters of the final arrangement of the images, generate the exploration plan, and users can export the data for the deployment of the actual observation system.

[0126] According to a third aspect of the invention, a storage medium is provided that stores a computer program thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of a forward aspect ratio proof method in any possible implementation of the first aspect of the invention.

[0127] like Figure 4 As shown, according to a fourth aspect of the present invention, an electronic device 20 is provided, including a memory 21, a processor 22, and a computer program stored in the memory 21 and executable on the processor 22. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of a forward aspect ratio demonstration method in the first aspect of the present invention or any possible implementation thereof.

[0128] The specific implementation process of the functions and roles of each unit in the above device can be found in the implementation process of the corresponding steps in the above method, and will not be repeated here.

[0129] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes the element.

[0130] The above are merely specific embodiments of the present invention, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed herein.

Claims

1. A forward modeling method for proving aspect ratio, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Collect data, including at least geological, seismic, and drilling data, and establish a three-dimensional geological model; Determine the receiver line spacing, receiver track spacing, and maximum shot-receiver distance, and establish an initial arrangement of plates with a width of 95% to 105% of the maximum shot-receiver distance, a length of 95% to 105% of the maximum shot-receiver distance, and a width-to-length ratio of 0.95 to 1.

05. Based on the three-dimensional geological model, a three-dimensional ray tracing forward modeling was performed on the original arrangement sheet, and the number of detector points in the arrangement sheet that received outgoing rays was counted. Keeping the established maximum shot-receiver distance constant, the observation width is decreased in steps of twice the receiver line spacing to generate at least two new arrangement sheets; Perform three-dimensional ray tracing forward modeling on each new arrangement piece, and count the number of detector points in each arrangement piece that receive the emitted rays one by one; From all the new array plates, select the array plate with the most detector points receiving the outgoing rays, and determine its aspect ratio as the final aspect ratio of the observation system.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes dynamically adjusting the arrangement of the pieces, the dynamic adjustment including: Based on the surface undulation data, the spacing of the receiving lines of the array is adjusted so that the variation in the receiving line spacing does not exceed ±10% of the receiving line spacing. When the width or length of the arrangement sheet is limited by the terrain, priority should be given to maintaining the symmetry of the central area of ​​the arrangement sheet, and the width or length of the edge of the arrangement sheet should be adjusted so that the deviation does not exceed 5% of the size of the arrangement sheet.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps maintain the established maximum shot-receiver distance unchanged, and decrease the observation width in steps of twice the receiver line spacing to generate at least two new arrangement sheets. The arrangement sheet width of the decreasing observation width is determined by the following formula: A i =(INT(2*X max / RLI)-2*(i-1))*RLI.....................................(1) Where A i Let be the width of the i-th newly arranged piece; INT is the integer function; X max This represents the maximum shot-receiver distance. RLI stands for receiver line spacing.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The steps maintain the established maximum shot-receiver distance unchanged, and decrease the observation width in steps of twice the receiver line spacing. The length of the arrangement of at least two new arrangement pieces with decreasing observation width is determined by the following formula: B i =(2*INT(SQRT(X max 2 -(A i / 2) 2 ) / RI)+1)*RI..........................(2) Where SQRT is the square root function; RI is the receiver pitch.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps described above involve performing three-dimensional ray tracing forward modeling on each new arrangement piece, and counting the number of detectors in each arrangement piece that receive outgoing rays. When performing three-dimensional ray tracing forward modeling on each arrangement piece, the effectiveness of the arrangement piece is evaluated by counting the number of detectors in the arrangement piece that can receive outgoing rays, wherein the step size decreases by no more than 200m each time.

6. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The process involves comparing the number of detector points across all arrays, selecting the array with the highest number of detector points, and calculating its aspect ratio as the final result. The formula for calculating the aspect ratio is as follows: C i =A i / B i ...........................................................(3), Among them, C i Let be the aspect ratio of the i-th new arrangement piece.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Adjust the arrangement of the pieces according to the final aspect ratio, so that the total variation in the width and length of the arrangement pieces does not exceed 10%.

8. An apparatus for performing the method according to claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The device includes: Geological modeling unit: used to collect geological, seismic, and drilling results, and to build three-dimensional geological models; Arrangement generation unit: used to generate the original arrangement sheet and a series of new arrangement sheets based on the receiver line spacing, receiver track spacing and maximum shot-receiver distance; Ray forward modeling unit: used to perform three-dimensional ray tracing forward modeling on the original and new array pieces, and to count the number of detectors that receive outgoing rays in each array piece; Aspect Ratio Calculation Unit: Used to determine the array plate with the most detector points receiving the emitted rays based on statistical results, and to calculate its aspect ratio; Dynamic adjustment unit: used to adjust the spacing between the receiving lines and the width or length of the array according to the surface conditions.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, The electronic device includes a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program, and when the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps in the forward aspect ratio demonstration method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps in the forward aspect ratio demonstration method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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