A wiring module and an electrical disconnector

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of electrical connection, in particular to a wiring module and an electrical isolation switch, which comprises a module main body, a common conductive assembly and first and second wiring terminals arranged on the two sides of the module main body respectively. The first wiring terminal comprises an elastic assembly which can press the first external conductor against the common conductive assembly to form an electrical connection. The structure of the second wiring terminal can be combined with that of the first wiring terminal in multiple ways according to actual requirements. The application adopts the elastic assembly for wiring on at least one side, thereby simplifying the wiring operation and improving the installation efficiency. Meanwhile, the continuous pressing force provided by the elastic assembly helps to improve the long-term reliability of the connection. The modular different terminal combinations enhance the application flexibility and market compatibility of the product.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of electrical connection technology, and in particular to a wiring module and an electrical disconnect switch. Background Technology

[0002] In modern electrical systems, electrical disconnect switches are key components for achieving circuit switching and safety isolation. Currently, mainstream disconnect switch products in the industry generally use symmetrical double-ended screw terminals for external wire connections. This connection method requires screws to be tightened at both the incoming and outgoing ports, and operators must use specialized tools such as screwdrivers to tighten each screw individually to secure the wires. In applications with dense wiring points, such as control cabinets and combiner boxes, the entire assembly process is cumbersome and the overall installation efficiency is low.

[0003] Furthermore, this screw-dependent connection method relies on the initial tightening torque for reliability. However, during equipment operation, environmental vibrations, thermal expansion and contraction caused by changes in current load, and the creep characteristics of the conductor material itself can all lead to a decrease in screw preload, creating a risk of loosening. Loosening at the connection point increases contact resistance, causing abnormal heating and posing a safety hazard. Therefore, regular inspection and tightening are necessary, resulting in high maintenance costs.

[0004] Based on the above, this application proposes a wiring module and an electrical disconnect switch, which can effectively solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems of low overall installation efficiency and the risk of loosening at the connection points on both sides caused by the use of double-headed screws in existing electrical disconnect switches, this application proposes a wiring module and an electrical disconnect switch.

[0006] A wiring module for an electrical disconnect switch, comprising:

[0007] Module body;

[0008] A common conductive component is disposed inside the module body;

[0009] A first terminal and a second terminal are respectively disposed on both sides of the module body. The first terminal includes an elastic component configured to press a first external conductor, thereby forming a first electrical connection path between the first external conductor and the common conductive component. The second terminal is configured to connect a second external conductor, thereby forming a second electrical connection path between the second external conductor and the common conductive component.

[0010] This solution improves upon the shortcomings of existing symmetrical double-ended screw wiring. By replacing screw fasteners with elastic components in at least one side of the terminal block, tightening on that side eliminates the need for screwdrivers or other tools, reducing the associated steps and shortening overall installation and maintenance time. Furthermore, the elastic component provides a continuous clamping force, which helps compensate for minor conductor displacements caused by equipment vibration or thermal expansion and contraction, thereby reducing the risk of loosening due to preload decay and minimizing the need for periodic inspections and tightening. This modular design also allows for the configuration of different terminal blocks on both sides as needed, increasing the product's application flexibility.

[0011] In one embodiment, the first terminal block further includes a receiving cavity and a support frame disposed within the receiving cavity. The resilient component is held in place by the support frame. The receiving cavity has an interface communicating with the outside to facilitate the insertion of a first external conductor. This structure supports the effective operation of the resilient component. The support frame provides a stable mounting reference for the resilient component, helping to ensure that the pressure it generates is continuously and reliably applied to the predetermined position. The receiving cavity guides and limits the inserted external conductor, helping to guide the conductor to the correct contact position during wiring and avoiding poor contact due to insertion misalignment.

[0012] In one embodiment, the resilient component includes a spring plate and an operating handle. One end of the spring plate is fixedly connected to a support frame, and the other end forms a central forked finger and two side forked fingers. The two side forked fingers are bent and pivotally connected to the handle, while the central forked finger, in its natural state, faces the common conductive component and is configured to press the inserted first external conductor against the common conductive component. This structure provides a tool-free operation. The operating handle utilizes the lever principle to facilitate the user opening the spring plate, providing space for conductor insertion or removal, thereby enabling quick wiring without special tools. After releasing the handle, the spring plate generates a clamping force through its own elastic deformation. This pressure is adaptive and can continuously act on the conductor surface, helping to maintain stable electrical contact and positively suppressing loosening caused by external vibrations and other factors.

[0013] Multiple micro-protrusions are integrally formed on the working surface of the central interdigitated part facing the common conductive component. The cross-sectional shape of the micro-protrusions is asymmetrical wedge-shaped, including a steep anti-retraction surface facing the interface direction and a gentle guide surface facing the common conductive component direction. The multiple micro-protrusions are arranged at intervals along the conductor insertion direction to form a ratchet array. The clamping force of the spring sheet is transmitted through the small top area of ​​the micro-protrusions, making the local contact pressure higher than that of the smooth surface. This helps to penetrate the oxide film on the conductor surface and form direct metal-to-metal contact, reducing contact resistance. When the conductor is inserted, the contact resistance with the gentle guide surface is small, while under the pull-out force, it engages with the steep anti-retraction surface to form a micro-mechanical interlock, improving the pull-out resistance without increasing the operating force. At the same time, the top edge of the micro-protrusion continuously micro-scrapes the conductor surface during operation, preventing the accumulation and growth of the oxide layer, and achieving self-cleaning maintenance of the contact surface.

[0014] In one embodiment, the common conductive component includes a moving contact, a first conductive plate, and a second conductive plate. The moving contact is rotatably disposed between the first and second conductive plates. The first conductive plate is electrically connected to a first terminal, and the second conductive plate is electrically connected to a second terminal. The first and second conductive plates are configured to selectively engage or disengage from the moving contact to control the electrical connection between the first and second terminals. The moving contact has a first contact and a second contact extending from its two ends. When the moving contact rotates to a conducting position, the first contact engages electrically with the first conductive plate, and the second contact engages electrically with the second conductive plate. By integrating the wiring functional components with the core switching component, the current conduction path within the module is simplified. Compared to a structure using discrete components connected via internal wires, this design reduces the number of internal connection points, which helps reduce the inherent resistance of the module and reduces potential sources of failure that could be introduced due to excessive internal connection points, resulting in a more compact overall structure. Meanwhile, the double-break structure allows the current path to be cut off at two points simultaneously during the breaking operation, increasing the total electrical clearance. This increased electrical clearance helps to effectively elongate and cool the arc during breaking, thereby improving the switch's arc breaking capacity, especially when breaking DC loads. It also enhances the switch's insulation strength in the open state.

[0015] Both the first and second contacts have clamping groove structures at their ends. The inner wall of the clamping groove structure is designed with a tapered profile, meaning the opening width at the entrance is greater than the bottom width. This tapered profile allows the conductive sheet to slide in a long distance from the wide entrance to the narrow bottom during the rotation and closure of the moving contact. This long-distance sliding wiping is far more effective at removing the oxide layer on the surface of the conductive sheet than the short-distance clamping contact, enhancing self-cleaning efficiency. Furthermore, the gradual application of clamping force avoids sudden impact loads, reducing stress on the drive mechanism and extending mechanical life. Multiple parallel conductive ridges extending along the axial direction of the moving contact are also formed on the inner wall of the tapered profile. These ridges create multiple parallel micro-contact points when the conductive sheet is clamped, reducing current contraction and thus lowering contact resistance. Simultaneously, the raised edges of the ridges further enhance the self-cleaning effect as the conductive sheet slides in. The bottom of the clamping groove is also provided with an elastic deformation energy storage block. When the circuit is overloaded, the elastic deformation energy storage block absorbs the thermal expansion displacement caused by Joule heating through elastic deformation, and maintains the contact pressure within a stable range to avoid the contacts from welding. After the overload is eliminated, the elastic potential energy is released to restore the normal clamping force, preventing the gap from increasing after thermal cycling and causing the contact resistance to rise, and ensuring that the double break switch can still disconnect normally under overload conditions.

[0016] In one embodiment, the first terminal block further includes a viewing window. An observation port is provided on the support frame. The viewing window is positioned between two intersecting side walls of the first terminal block and the module body near the support frame. One side wall of the viewing window is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the first terminal block, and the other side wall is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the module body. The bottom ends of the two side walls of the viewing window are connected by a base plate, forming an independent transparent observation module. The base plate spans between the first terminal block and the side wall of the module body, forming a rigid support component connecting the two. Operators can observe through the viewing window and the observation port whether the first external conductor is reliably pressed against the common conductive component. This viewing window allows operators to visually confirm the wiring quality without disassembling any components, helping to promptly identify potential problems such as poor contact, and improving inspection efficiency and operational safety during installation and maintenance.

[0017] In one embodiment, the structure of the second terminal is the same as that of the first terminal, and the two together form a pair of spring terminal structures. This design allows the same spring-type quick-connection method to be used on both the input and output sides of the switch, unifying the wiring operation procedures. Installers do not need to change tools or operating methods, which helps to further shorten the overall installation time when performing multi-way wiring operations.

[0018] In one embodiment, the second terminal includes at least one conductive pin electrically connected to the second conductive sheet. The conductive pin is configured to connect to the second external conductor to achieve circuit continuity. This solution provides an interface for directly mounting the switch onto a PCB board. The switch can form a fixed electrical connection to the PCB via conductive pins through methods such as soldering. This method eliminates the need for external wire connections between the switch and the PCB, reducing assembly steps and wiring space, and facilitating higher integration and miniaturization of devices using this switch.

[0019] In one embodiment, the second terminal block includes at least one clamping component configured to apply mechanical pressure to the second external conductor to secure it to the second conductive sheet, forming an electrical connection. This design retains traditional screw wiring on one side of the module. This combination provides flexibility in wiring options, making the wiring module suitable for applications requiring connection to existing screw-connected devices, thus improving the product's market compatibility.

[0020] In one embodiment, this application also provides an electrical disconnect switch, including the aforementioned wiring module and a drive unit disposed outside the wiring module. The drive unit is driven to a moving contact in a common conductive component, driving the moving contact to rotate and switch the on / off state between a first electrical connection path and a second electrical connection path. Furthermore, the drive unit has a transmission interface, and the moving contact can be fixed to a rotating body, which has a transmission protrusion for transmission engagement with the drive unit. Through the transmission connection between the drive unit and the moving contact within the wiring module, the on / off state of the circuit can be controlled. This structure combines internal electrical state switching functionality with an external operating interface, providing users with a reliable means of circuit control.

[0021] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0022] 1. By using flexible components for wiring on at least one side, wiring operations are simplified, eliminating the need to use tools to tighten screws, which helps to shorten the overall installation and maintenance time. At the same time, the flexible components also provide an adaptive clamping force for the external conductor, which helps to compensate for the connection loosening that may be caused by factors such as vibration and thermal expansion and contraction, thereby reducing the risk of increased contact resistance.

[0023] 2. By providing various combinations of terminal blocks on both sides of the wiring module, such as spring-spring, spring-screw, and spring-PCB, the product can flexibly adapt to different installation scenarios, connection objects, and the needs of transitioning between old and new systems, thus improving the product's versatility.

[0024] 3. By adopting a double-break switch structure, the total electrical clearance during breaking is increased, which helps to effectively lengthen and cool the arc during breaking, accelerate the extinction of the arc, and thus improve the arc breaking capacity of the switch.

[0025] 4. By setting up viewing windows and corresponding observation ports on the terminals, operators can visually confirm the clamping status of external conductors and the quality of wiring without disassembling the components. This helps to promptly detect potential problems such as poor contact, and improves the inspection efficiency and operational safety during installation and maintenance. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Embodiment 1 of the wiring module and electrical disconnect switch proposed in this application under the first structural form.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a first exploded view of Embodiment 1 of the wiring module and electrical disconnect switch proposed in this application under the first structural configuration.

[0028] Figure 3 This is a second exploded view of Embodiment 1 of the wiring module and electrical disconnect switch proposed in this application under the first structural configuration.

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the wiring module in the first structural form of Embodiment 1 of the wiring module and electrical disconnect switch proposed in this application.

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spring sheet in a wiring module and electrical disconnect switch proposed in this application.

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the common conductive component in a wiring module and electrical disconnect switch proposed in this application.

[0032] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the wiring module in the second structural form of Embodiment 1 of the wiring module and electrical disconnect switch proposed in this application.

[0033] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the wiring module in Embodiment 2 of the wiring module and electrical disconnect switch proposed in this application.

[0034] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the wiring module in Embodiment 3 of the wiring module and electrical disconnect switch proposed in this application.

[0035] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the interlocking structure in Embodiment 4 of a wiring module and electrical disconnect switch proposed in this application.

[0036] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the spring sheet in Embodiment 5 of a wiring module and electrical disconnect switch proposed in this application.

[0037] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the moving contact in Embodiment 5 of a wiring module and electrical disconnect switch proposed in this application.

[0038] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0039] 1. Module body; 2. Common conductive component; 21. Moving contact; 211. First contact; 212. Second contact; 213. Tapered profile; 214. Conductive ridge; 215. Elastic deformation energy storage block; 22. First conductive sheet; 23. Second conductive sheet; 3. First terminal; 31. Elastic component; 311. Spring sheet; 3111. Middle interdigitated finger; 3112. Side interdigitated finger; 3113. Micro-protrusion; 3114. Steep anti-reverse surface; 3115. Gentle guide surface; 3116. Front array; 3117. Rear array; 312. Operating handle; 32 321. Receiving cavity; 33. Interface; 34. Support frame; 35. Observation port; 36. Mounting port; 37. Viewing window; 38. Base plate; 49. Second wiring terminal; 40. Conductive pin; 41. Clamping assembly; 420. Wiring frame; 421. Fastening screw; 422. Screw hole; 423. Square channel; 50. Driving component; 51. Transmission interface; 61. Rotating body; 62. Transmission protrusion; 70. Housing; 81. Interlocking structure; 821. Hook; 83. Hook head; 84. Slot; 85. Anti-reverse step; 86. Positioning pin; 87. Positioning hole; 88. Insulating partition. Detailed Implementation

[0040] This application discloses a wiring module and an electrical disconnect switch, which are described below in conjunction with the appendix. Figure 1-12 This application will be described in further detail.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] Reference Figure 1-7 A wiring module for an electrical disconnect switch includes an insulated module body 1, a common conductive component 2 disposed inside the module body 1, a first terminal block 3 disposed on one side of the module body 1, and a second terminal block 4 disposed on the other side of the module body 1.

[0043] In this embodiment, the module body 1 is the supporting base of the entire wiring module. Its material is preferably an engineering plastic with good mechanical strength and insulation properties, and it is made by injection molding process.

[0044] In this embodiment, the common conductive component 2 is a component that realizes current switching and conduction. The common conductive component 2 includes a moving contact 21, a first conductive sheet 22, and a second conductive sheet 23. The first conductive sheet 22 and the second conductive sheet 23 are fixed inside the module body 1 and extend toward the first terminal 3 and the second terminal 4, respectively. The moving contact 21 is rotatably disposed and movable within the module body 1.

[0045] Specifically, the moving contact 21 adopts a double-break structure. In this embodiment, the moving contact 21 is preferably a bridge-shaped conductor. The two ends of the conductive bridge extend to a first contact 211 and a second contact 212. The front end of each contact is preferably designed as a U-shaped clamping groove structure. The clamping groove structure has a certain elasticity and can generate a large clamping force during the closing process.

[0046] When the switch is closed, the moving contact 21 rotates in one direction under the action of an external driving force, clamping the first conductive piece 22 and the second conductive piece 23 inside the clamping grooves of the first contact 211 and the second contact 212 respectively. Through the tight fit between the clamping groove wall and the outer surface of the first conductive piece 22 and the second conductive piece 23, a complete conductive path is formed from the first conductive piece 22 through the moving contact 21 to the second conductive piece 23. When the switch is open, the moving contact 21 rotates in the opposite direction, and the first contact 211 and the second contact 212 simultaneously separate from the first conductive piece 22 and the second conductive piece 23 respectively, thus breaking the conductive path.

[0047] More specifically, during each closing and opening process, the edge of the clamping groove will produce a sliding wiping effect on the surfaces of the first conductive sheet 22 and the second conductive sheet 23, which can effectively remove the oxide layer and contaminants on the contact surface and maintain low contact resistance for a long time.

[0048] In this embodiment, the first terminal block 3 includes an elastic component 31, a receiving cavity 32, and a support frame 33. The receiving cavity 32 is a space for guiding and receiving the insertion of a first external conductor. In this embodiment, the first external conductor is a wire. The receiving cavity 32 is also provided with an interface 321 to facilitate the introduction of the wire.

[0049] Specifically, the elastic component 31 includes a spring sheet 311 and an operating handle 312. In this embodiment, the spring sheet 311 is preferably a metal sheet stamped from a material such as highly elastic stainless steel or beryllium copper. One end of the spring sheet 311 is fixedly connected to the support frame 33 to form a fixed fulcrum of the lever; the other end is divided into a central interdigitated finger 3111 and two side interdigitated fingers 3112.

[0050] More specifically, the central interdigitated finger 3111, which faces the common conductive component 2 in its natural state, is a clamping member that acts directly on the first external conductor and is configured to press the inserted first external conductor against the first conductive plate 22 of the common conductive component 2. The two side interdigitated fingers 3112 do not function as clamping members, but rather as lever arms: they are bent upwards, and their ends are pivotally connected to the inside of the operating handle 312. Thus, when the operating handle 312 is actuated, force is transmitted to the spring plate 311 through the side interdigitated fingers 3112.

[0051] During wiring, the operator pulls the operating handle 312 upwards. The handle 312 rotates around its own pivot and, through the two side interdigitated fingers 3112 pivotally connected to it, pries up the free end of the entire spring plate 311. This lever action causes the middle interdigitated finger 3111, which acts as a clamping component, to lift away from the first conductive plate 22, thereby opening a channel within the receiving cavity 32 for the insertion of the first external conductor. At this time, the first external conductor is inserted into the receiving cavity 32 through the interface 321 until its end touches the first conductive plate 22. Subsequently, the operating handle 312 is released, and the spring plate 311 instantly rebounds due to its own elastic potential energy. The middle interdigitated finger 3111 presses the first external conductor firmly against the conductive surface of the first conductive plate 22 with greater pressure, forming a stable and reliable electrical connection.

[0052] In this embodiment, the second terminal 4 adopts the same structure as the first terminal 3. That is, it is also a spring-loaded quick-connect structure, including its own elastic component, receiving cavity, and support frame. This allows for tool-free quick-connection on both the input and output sides of the switch.

[0053] Specifically, based on the layout and wiring direction of the two spring-type terminals, this embodiment can be further divided into the following two structural forms:

[0054] First structural form: (Refer to) Figure 4 In this case, the first terminal 3 and the second terminal 4 are connected in opposite directions. Their respective interfaces 321 and corresponding operating handles 312 are respectively set on two opposite sides of the module body 1, thereby forming a through-type "top in, bottom out" or "bottom in, top out" wiring path in the structure.

[0055] To facilitate observation of the wire connection, a viewing window 34 is provided between the two intersecting side walls of the first terminal 3 and the module body 1 near the support frame 33. One side wall of the viewing window 34 is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the first terminal 3, and the other side wall is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the module body 1. The bottom ends of the two side walls of the viewing window 34 are connected by a base plate 341, forming an independent transparent observation module. Correspondingly, an observation port 331 is provided on the module body 1 at the position corresponding to the viewing window 34, i.e., on the support frame 33. The operator can observe whether the first external conductor is reliably pressed onto the first conductive sheet 22 through this viewing window 34 and observation port 331. Similarly, the same viewing window 34 and observation port 331 are also provided on the side of the second terminal 4 for observing the insertion status of the second external conductor.

[0056] Second structural form: Refer to Figure 7 In this case, the first terminal 3 and the second terminal 4 are wired in the same direction, and their respective interfaces 321 and the operating handle 312 for operating the spring sheet 311 are all arranged on the same side of the module body 1, so that all wiring operations can be completed on one operating surface of the switch.

[0057] To facilitate intuitive confirmation of the wire connection status, in this configuration, a mounting opening 332 is provided in the middle of each of the support brackets 33 of the two terminals, and a viewing window 34 is fixedly installed on the mounting opening 332. Through this viewing window 34, the operator can directly observe whether the external conductor is pressed tightly onto the corresponding conductive sheet by the interdigitated fingers 3111 in the middle of the spring sheet 311, thereby achieving a quick visual inspection of the connection quality of the two terminals.

[0058] In this embodiment, an electrical disconnect switch includes: a wiring module for an electrical disconnect switch as described in this embodiment, and a drive mechanism mechanically linked to the wiring module. The drive mechanism includes a drive component 5 and a rotating body 6. The drive component 5 is a user interface, preferably a rotary handle in this embodiment, which is disposed on the switch housing 7; the rotating body 6 is disposed between the drive component 5 and the common conductive component 2 of the wiring module, and is fixed to the moving contact 21, for converting the operation of the drive component 5 into a driving force on the moving contact 21 in the common conductive component 2.

[0059] Specifically, the driving component 5 is provided with a transmission interface 51, and the rotating body 6 is provided with a transmission protrusion 61. The transmission interface 51 can cooperate with the transmission protrusion 61 to realize the transmission of driving force.

[0060] The working principle of the wiring module and electrical disconnect switch provided in this embodiment mainly includes two aspects: the connection of external wires and the switching operation of the switch, which are as follows:

[0061] 1. For connecting external conductors: First, the operator moves the operating handle 312 upwards. The operating handle 312, through its two pivotally connected side interdigitals 3112, pries upwards the free end of the spring plate 311, causing the central interdigital ...

[0062] 2. For the switching operation: When the switch is initially in the open state, the first contact 211 and the second contact 212 on the moving contact 21 are separated from the first conductive piece 22 and the second conductive piece 23, and the circuit is in the open state. When the user operates the driving component 5, the driving component 5 drives the rotating body 6 to rotate. As the rotating body 6 rotates, the moving contact 21 that cooperates with it also rotates until the first contact 211 and the second contact 212 respectively clamp the first conductive piece 22 and the second conductive piece 23 in the clamping groove at their ends. The current forms a path through the clamping groove and the double-sided contact of the conductive piece, thus completing the circuit conduction: the current enters from the first terminal 3, flows sequentially through the first conductive piece 22, the first contact 211, the conductive bridge of the moving contact 21, the second contact 212, and the second conductive piece 23, and finally flows out from the second terminal 4, and the switch is closed.

[0063] When the switch is in the closed state, the user operates the drive unit 5 in the opposite direction. The drive unit 5 drives the rotating body 6 to rotate in the opposite direction. The transmission protrusion 61 on the rotating body 6 rotates accordingly, thereby driving the moving contact 21 to rotate in the opposite direction. At this time, the first contact 211 and the second contact 212 are quickly separated from the first conductive sheet 22 and the second conductive sheet 23 respectively, forming two air gaps in series in the circuit at the same time, thereby cutting off the current and realizing the electrical isolation of the circuit. The switch is then disconnected.

[0064] Example 2

[0065] Reference Figure 8In this embodiment, the overall structure of the wiring module is basically the same as that in Embodiment 1. The difference is that in this embodiment, the second terminal 4 adopts a conventional clamping assembly 42 to be compatible with existing application habits and scenarios. The clamping assembly 42 includes a wiring frame 420 and a plurality of fastening screws 421. The wiring frame 420 is disposed adjacent to the second conductive sheet 23. A plurality of screw holes 422 are provided on one side of the wiring frame 420, while a plurality of square channels 423 for accommodating the second external conductor are formed on the other side perpendicular to this side. The fastening screws 421 are screwed into the screw holes 422, and their ends can directly press the inserted second external conductor onto the bottom surface of the wiring frame 420 and contact the adjacent second conductive sheet 23 to form an electrical connection.

[0066] Since the first terminal 3 in this embodiment is still a spring-loaded connection structure, a viewing window 34 is provided between the two intersecting side walls of the first terminal 3 and the module body 1 near the support frame 33 to facilitate observation of its wiring status. One side wall of the viewing window 34 is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the first terminal 3, and the other side wall is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the module body 1. The bottom ends of the two side walls of the viewing window 34 are connected by a base plate 341 to form an independent transparent component. At the same time, an observation port 331 is provided at a corresponding position on the module body 1, so that the insertion status of the first external conductor can be visually inspected through the viewing window 34 and the observation port 331.

[0067] The working principle of the wiring module and electrical disconnect switch provided in this embodiment is as follows:

[0068] In this embodiment, the wiring method of the first terminal 3 is the same as that in embodiment 1. As for the wiring method of the second terminal 4, the operator uses a screwdriver or other tools to loosen the fastening screw 421 on the clamping assembly 42, inserts the second external conductor into its wiring frame 420, and then tightens the fastening screw 421. The second external conductor is pressed by the pressure of the screw, thereby completing the electrical connection of the second terminal 4.

[0069] Example 3

[0070] Reference Figure 9 In this embodiment, the overall structure of the wiring module is basically the same as that in embodiment 1, except that the second wiring terminal 4 includes at least one conductive pin 41.

[0071] Specifically, in this embodiment, the conductive pin 41 is preferably made of a copper alloy with good conductivity. One end of the conductive pin 41 is connected to the second conductive sheet 23 inside the module body 1 by riveting or welding to form a firm electrical and mechanical connection, while the other end is arranged in an array and uniformly protrudes from the surface of the module body 1 to be exposed to the outside.

[0072] More specifically, in use, the second terminal 4 can be used as a component on a board. In this case, the second external conductor is preferably a PCB circuit board. The conductive pin 41 can be inserted into the preset mounting through hole on the PCB circuit board and form an electrical connection with the circuit on the PCB circuit board by soldering.

[0073] Similarly, to ensure that the connection reliability of the first terminal 3 can be visually confirmed, this embodiment also provides a viewing window 34 between the two intersecting side walls of the first terminal 3 and the module body 1 near the support frame 33. The structure and function of the viewing window 34 are the same as those described in Embodiment 2: one side wall is fixed to the outer side wall of the first terminal 3, and the other side wall is fixed to the outer side wall of the module body 1, and they are connected through the base plate 341. The user can observe the insertion status of the first external conductor through this viewing window 34 and the corresponding observation port 331 on the module body.

[0074] The working principle of the wiring module and electrical disconnect switch provided in this embodiment is as follows:

[0075] In this embodiment, the wiring method of the first terminal 3 is the same as that of Embodiment 1. As for the wiring method of the second terminal 4, a fixed and reliable electrical connection is formed by inserting the conductive pin 41 into the preset mounting through hole on the second external conductor.

[0076] Example 4

[0077] Reference Figure 10 This embodiment provides a multi-pole electrical disconnect switch based on the foregoing embodiments, including at least two wiring modules as described in any one of the foregoing embodiments 1 to 3.

[0078] In this embodiment, at least two wiring modules are arranged side by side along a splicing direction, preferably three wiring modules are arranged side by side to form a three-pole disconnect switch. Each wiring module has an interlocking structure 8 on its main body 1 to achieve a detachable mechanical connection between adjacent modules.

[0079] Specifically, the interlocking structure 8 includes a hook 81 disposed on one side of the module body 1 along the splicing direction and a groove 82 disposed on the opposite side. The hook 81 is an elastic cantilever hook integrally extending from the side of the module body 1, with an outwardly protruding hook head 811 at its end. The groove 82 is a recess opened on the opposite side of the module body 1, and its inner wall is provided with a stop step 821 that cooperates with the hook head. When two wiring modules are attached along the splicing direction, the hook 81 of one module elastically inserts into the groove 82 of the adjacent module, and the hook head 811 rebounds and locks after passing over the stop step 821, forming a snap-fit ​​connection.

[0080] Specifically, the interlocking structure 8 also includes a positioning pin 83 and a positioning hole 84 disposed on the splicing surface of the module body 1. The positioning pin 83 is disposed on the side where the hook 81 is located, and the positioning hole 84 is disposed on the side where the slot 82 is located. The two work together to form a precise planar positioning, ensuring that the rotation axis of the rotating body 6 inside each module is on the same straight line.

[0081] In this embodiment, since the rotating bodies 6 and the transmission protrusions 61 on all the wiring modules have the same structure, and the positioning pins 83 and positioning holes 84 in the interlocking structure 8 ensure that the transmission protrusions 61 of each rotating body 6 are arranged sequentially along the splicing direction and are in a coaxial position after each module is precisely aligned, multiple parallel wiring modules can share a single driving element 5. When the driving element 5 is operated, the rotational motion is synchronously transmitted to the rotating body 6 of each wiring module, thereby synchronously driving the moving contacts 21 in each module to rotate, realizing the simultaneous closing or simultaneous opening of all poles.

[0082] In this embodiment, an insulating partition 85 is also provided between the splicing surfaces of adjacent module bodies 1. The insulating partition 85 is made of a high-temperature insulating material resistant to arc erosion, and is embedded between two adjacent module bodies 1 and fixed by a positioning pin 83 and a positioning hole 84. The insulating partition 85 and the insulating shell of the module body 1 together form a double inter-electrode insulation barrier to prevent inter-electrode breakdown due to arc overflow or creepage when disconnecting high-voltage loads.

[0083] The working principle of a multi-pole electrical disconnect switch provided in this application embodiment is as follows:

[0084] First, the operator selects the corresponding number of wiring modules according to the required number of poles, connects adjacent modules using hooks 81 and slots 82, and precisely aligns them using positioning pins 83 and positioning holes 84, while simultaneously embedding insulating partitions 85 between adjacent modules. Then, the drive unit 5 is installed on the outside of the parallel modules, so that its transmission interface 51 simultaneously engages with the transmission protrusions 61 on the rotating bodies 6 of each module. After each wiring module completes the wiring of the external conductor according to any one of Embodiments 1 to 3, when the operator operates the drive unit 5, the rotational motion is synchronously transmitted to all rotating bodies 6 through the transmission interface 51, thereby synchronously driving the moving contacts 21 within each module to rotate, achieving simultaneous closing or opening of all poles. Because the positioning pins 83 and positioning holes 84 ensure the high coaxiality of the rotating bodies 6 of each module, the breaking time of each pole remains consistent, allowing each pole to evenly distribute arc energy and avoiding single-pole overload ablation.

[0085] Example 5

[0086] like Figure 11-12The overall structure of the wiring module provided in this embodiment is basically the same as that in embodiment 1. The difference is that the interdigitated fingers 3111 in the middle of the elastic component 31 and the clamping groove structure of the moving contact 21 have been functionally optimized.

[0087] In this embodiment, a plurality of micro-protrusions 3113 are integrally formed on the working surface of the central interdigitated fingers 3111 facing the common conductive component 2. The micro-protrusions 3113 are formed by a precision stamping process, and the height of each micro-protrusion 3113 is preferably 0.1 mm to 0.3 mm.

[0088] Specifically, the cross-sectional shape of the micro-protrusion 3113 is an asymmetrical wedge shape, including a steep stop surface 3114 facing the interface 321 and a gentle guide surface 3115 facing the common conductive component 2. Multiple micro-protrusions 3113 are arranged at intervals along the conductor insertion direction to form a micro ratchet array.

[0089] Specifically, the clamping force of the spring plate 311 is transmitted through the small top area of ​​the micro-protrusion 3113, making the local contact pressure about 3-5 times that of a smooth surface, which is sufficient to penetrate the oxide film on the conductor surface to form metal-to-metal contact. The measured contact resistance can be reduced by 20%-40%. When the conductor is inserted, the contact resistance with the gentle guide surface 3115 is small, while when subjected to pull-out force, it engages with the steep stop surface 3114. The normal clamping force of the spring plate 311 is decomposed into a large axial blocking force on the steep stop surface 3114, forming a micro-mechanical interlock, which increases the pull-out resistance by 40%-60% without increasing the operating force. During wiring and operation, the top edge of the micro-protrusion 3113 continuously micro-scrapes the conductor surface, preventing the oxide layer from accumulating and growing.

[0090] In this embodiment, the micro-protrusion 3113 array is divided into two groups: a front array 3116 and a rear array 3117. The front array 3116 is located on the side of the central interdigitated finger 3111 near the interface 321, with a steep anti-retraction surface 3114 having a large tilt angle, preferably 75° to 80°, emphasizing anti-retraction locking; the rear array 3117 is located on the side near the common conductive component 2, with the micro-protrusions 3113 having a smaller top area and a higher height, preferably 0.2mm to 0.3mm, emphasizing contact enhancement and self-cleaning.

[0091] In this embodiment, the inner wall of the U-shaped clamping groove at the ends of the first contact 211 and the second contact 212 of the moving contact 21 is designed as a tapered profile 213, that is, the opening width at the inlet end is relatively large and gradually narrows towards the bottom.

[0092] Specifically, the tapered profile 213 allows the first conductive sheet 22 and the second conductive sheet 23 to slide in a long stroke from a wide entrance to a narrow bottom during the rotation and closure of the moving contact 21. The long-stroke sliding wiping effect on removing the oxide layer on the surface of the first conductive sheet 22 and the second conductive sheet 23 is far better than that of the short-stroke clamping contact, which enhances the self-cleaning efficiency. Moreover, the gradual application of clamping force avoids sudden impact loads, reduces the stress on the drive component 5, and extends the mechanical life. At the same time, in the fully closed state, an enveloping large-area contact area is formed, which reduces the current density per unit area.

[0093] Specifically, multiple parallel conductive ridges 214 are formed on the inner wall of the tapered contour 213 of the clamping groove. The conductive ridges 214 extend along the axial direction of the moving contact 21, with a height preferably from 0.05 mm to 0.15 mm and a spacing preferably from 0.5 mm to 1.5 mm. The conductive ridges 214 enable the first conductive sheet 22 and the second conductive sheet 23 to form multiple parallel micro-contact points when they are clamped, reducing the current contraction effect and thus lowering the contact resistance according to the electrical contact theory. At the same time, the raised edges of the conductive ridges 214 further enhance the self-cleaning effect when the first conductive sheet 22 and the second conductive sheet 23 slide in.

[0094] In this embodiment, an elastic deformation energy storage block 215 is also provided at the U-shaped bottom of the clamping groove. When the circuit is overloaded, Joule heating causes the moving contact 21, the first conductive sheet 22, and the second conductive sheet 23 to thermally expand. The elastic deformation energy storage block 215 undergoes elastic deformation to absorb the excess displacement, maintaining the contact pressure within a stable range and preventing the contacts from welding. After the overload is eliminated, the elastic potential energy is released to restore the normal clamping force, preventing the gap from increasing and the contact resistance from rising after thermal cycling. In the double-break structure, the thermal states of the two contact points are synchronously coupled. The elastic deformation energy storage block 215 provides elastic compensation on both contacts simultaneously, ensuring that the double-break switch can still disconnect normally under overload conditions.

[0095] In this embodiment, the array of micro-protrusions 3113 achieves low contact resistance and self-cleaning at the external conductor access end, while the tapered contour 213 of the clamping groove and the conductive ridge 214 also achieve low contact resistance and self-cleaning at the internal switch contact end. The two act on the two key contact interfaces of the current path respectively, so that the entire conductive path from the external conductor through the spring sheet 311 to the first conductive sheet 22, and then through the clamping groove of the moving contact 21 to the second conductive sheet 23 achieves optimized contact resistance and self-maintenance capability of the contact surface, thereby achieving the technical effect of low impedance throughout the entire path and long-term maintenance-free operation at the overall level.

[0096] The working principle of the wiring module and electrical disconnect switch provided in this application embodiment is as follows:

[0097] For connecting external conductors, the operator moves the operating handle 312 upwards, prying up the free end of the spring plate 311 and lifting the central interdigitated finger 3111 away from the first conductive plate 22. The first external conductor is then inserted from the interface 321 into the receiving cavity 32 to the predetermined position. Releasing the operating handle 312 causes the spring plate 311 to spring back, and the array of micro-protrusions 3113 on the working surface of the central interdigitated finger 3111 presses the conductor firmly onto the first conductive plate 22 with concentrated local high voltage. The tips of the micro-protrusions 3113 penetrate the oxide film on the conductor surface to form metal-to-metal contact, while the steep anti-retraction surface 3114 forms a micro-mechanical interlock with the conductor surface to prevent the conductor from detaching. During long-term operation of the equipment, when the conductor experiences slight axial displacement due to thermal expansion and contraction, the micro-protrusions 3113 continuously micro-scrape the conductor surface, preventing the oxide layer from re-accumulating and maintaining a long-term low contact resistance.

[0098] For the switching operation, when the user operates the drive unit 5 to close the switch, the moving contact 21 rotates, and the first conductive piece 22 and the second conductive piece 23 gradually slide from the wide entrance end to the narrow bottom along the tapered contour 213 of the corresponding clamping groove. During the long stroke sliding process, the conductive ridge line 214 performs multiple parallel scrapings on the surface of the first conductive piece 22 and the second conductive piece 23 to remove the oxide layer. Finally, the first conductive piece 22 and the second conductive piece 23 are clamped at the narrowest point, and multiple points of parallel low-resistance contact are formed through the multiple conductive ridge lines 214 to complete the circuit conduction. When the user operates the drive unit 5 to open the switch, the moving contact 21 rotates in the opposite direction, and the first contact 211 and the second contact 212 simultaneously separate from the first conductive piece 22 and the second conductive piece 23 to form two air gaps to cut off the current. During operation, if a short-term overload current occurs, the elastic deformation energy storage block 215 at the bottom of the clamping groove absorbs the thermal expansion displacement through elastic deformation, maintains stable contact pressure, and ensures that the switch can still open normally after the overload is eliminated.

[0099] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A wiring module for an electrical disconnect switch, characterized in that, include, Module body (1); A common conductive component (2) is disposed inside the module body (1); A first terminal (3) and a second terminal (4) are respectively disposed on both sides of the module body (1). The first terminal (3) includes an elastic component (31), which is configured to press a first external conductor onto the common conductive component (2), thereby forming a first electrical connection path between the first external conductor and the common conductive component (2). The second terminal (4) is configured to connect a second external conductor, thereby forming a second electrical connection path between the second external conductor and the common conductive component (2).

2. A wiring module for an electrical disconnect switch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first terminal block (3) further includes a receiving cavity (32) and a support frame (33) disposed in the receiving cavity (32). The elastic component (31) is fixed on the support frame (33). The receiving cavity (32) has an interface (321) communicating with the outside to facilitate the insertion of the first external conductor.

3. A wiring module for an electrical disconnect switch according to claim 2, characterized in that, The elastic component (31) includes a spring plate (311) and an operating handle (312). One end of the spring plate (311) is fixedly connected to the support frame (33), and the other end is formed into a forked structure with a central forked finger (3111) and two side forked fingers (3112). The two side forked fingers (3112) are bent and pivotally connected to the handle (312). The central forked finger (3111) faces the common conductive component (2) in its natural state and is configured to press the inserted first external conductor against the common conductive component (2). The middle interdigitated finger (3111) has a plurality of micro-protrusions (3113) formed on its working surface facing the common conductive component (2). Each micro-protrusion (3113) includes a steep stop surface (3114) facing the interface (321) and a gentle guide surface (3115) facing the common conductive component (2). The plurality of micro-protrusions (3113) are arranged at intervals along the conductor insertion direction and are divided into a front array (3116) near the interface (321) and a rear array (3117) near the common conductive component (2).

4. A wiring module for an electrical disconnect switch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The common conductive component (2) includes a movable contact (21), a first conductive plate (22), and a second conductive plate (23). The movable contact (21) is rotatably disposed between the first conductive plate (22) and the second conductive plate (23). The first conductive plate (22) and the second conductive plate (23) are electrically connected to the first terminal (3) and the second terminal (4), respectively, and are configured to selectively engage or disengage with the movable contact (21) to control the electrical connection or disconnection between the first terminal (3) and the second terminal (4). The two ends of the movable contact (21) have first contacts (21) extending from them. 1) The first contact (211) and the second contact (212) are respectively formed in the form of a clamping groove structure. The inner wall of the clamping groove structure is designed as a tapered contour (213). Multiple conductive ridges (214) extending along the axial direction of the moving contact (21) are formed on the inner wall of the tapered contour (213). An elastic deformation energy storage block (215) is provided at the bottom of the clamping groove structure. When the moving contact (21) is rotated to a conductive position, the first contact (211) is electrically connected to the first conductive sheet (22), and the second contact (212) is electrically connected to the second conductive sheet (23).

5. A wiring module for an electrical disconnect switch according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first terminal block (3) also includes a viewing window (34). An observation port (331) is provided on the support frame (33). The viewing window (34) is located between the two intersecting side walls of the first terminal block (3) and the module body (1) near the support frame (33). One side wall of the viewing window (34) is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the first terminal block (3), and the other side wall is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the module body (1). The bottom ends of the two side walls of the viewing window (34) are connected by a base plate (341). The base plate (341) spans between the side walls of the first terminal block (3) and the module body (1), forming a rigid support component connecting the two. The operator can observe whether the first external conductor is pressed against the common conductive component (2) by the elastic component (31) through the viewing window (34) and the observation port (331).

6. A wiring module for an electrical disconnect switch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The structure of the second terminal (4) is the same as that of the first terminal (3), and the two together form a pair of spring terminal structures.

7. A wiring module for an electrical disconnect switch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second terminal (4) includes at least one conductive pin (41) electrically connected to the second conductive sheet (23), and the conductive pin (41) is configured to connect to the second external conductor to enable circuit conduction.

8. A wiring module for an electrical disconnect switch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second terminal (4) includes at least one clamping assembly (42) configured to apply mechanical pressure to the second external conductor to secure the second external conductor to the second conductive sheet (23) to form an electrical connection.

9. An electrical disconnect switch, characterized in that, include: The wiring module as described in any one of claims 4-8; as well as A drive unit (5) disposed outside the wiring module is connected to the moving contact (21) in the common conductive component (2). The drive unit (5) is configured to drive the moving contact (21) to rotate, thereby switching the on / off state between the first electrical connection path and the second electrical connection path.

10. An electrical disconnect switch according to claim 9, characterized in that, The moving contact (21) is disposed on a rotating body (6), the driving member (5) is provided with a transmission interface (51), and the rotating body (6) is provided with a transmission protrusion (61) for transmission engagement with the transmission interface (51).

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