Adaptation between reporting of UE-initiated actual beam refinement prediction reports and UE-initiated virtual beam refinement prediction reports

Abstract

Methods, systems, and devices are described for wireless communication. For example, a user equipment (UE) can transmit a first request to switch operation between a first beam refinement scheme and a second beam refinement scheme. The first beam refinement scheme includes transmission of reporting information indicating a first set of beams, the reporting information based on actual reference signal measurements. The second beam refinement scheme can include transmission of second reporting information indicating the first set of beams, the second reporting information based on predicted measurements of virtual resources associated with the first set of beams, the predicted measurements based on actual reference signal measurements. The UE can receive a response to the request, the response indicating an acknowledgement or a denial of the request. The UE can operate in the first beam refinement scheme or the second beam refinement scheme according to the response.

Description

Background Technology

[0001] The following discussion relates to wireless communication, including the adaptation between reports of actual beam refinement prediction reports initiated by user equipment (UE) and reports of virtual beam refinement prediction reports initiated by UE.

[0002] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various types of communication content, such as voice, video, packet data, message sending and receiving, broadcasting, and so on. These systems can support communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., time, frequency, and power). Examples of such multiple access systems include fourth-generation (4G) systems (such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems, LTE-A Advanced (LTE-A) systems, or LTE-A Pro systems) and fifth-generation (5G) systems (which may be referred to as New Radio (NR) systems). These systems may employ technologies such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA), or Discrete Fourier Transform Extended Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (DFT-S-OFDM). A wireless multiple access communication system may include one or more base stations, each supporting wireless communication of communication devices, which may be referred to as User Equipment (UE).

[0003] In some wireless communication systems, wireless devices can perform beam thinning. However, such methods can be improved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The described technology relates to improved methods, systems, devices, and apparatuses for supporting adaptation between reports of actual beam refinement prediction reports initiated by a User Equipment (UE) and reports of virtual beam refinement prediction reports initiated by the UE. For example, the UE may send a first request for a handover operation between a first beam refinement scheme and a second beam refinement scheme, wherein the first beam refinement scheme includes the transmission of first reporting information indicating one or more beams in the first beam set that have a relationship with the second beam set, wherein the relationship is unknown to a first network entity, and wherein the first reporting information is based on actual reference signal measurements via the first beam set. The second beam refinement scheme may include the transmission of second reporting information indicating one or more beams in the first beam set, wherein the relationship is known to the first network entity, wherein the second reporting information is based on predicted reference signal measurements of virtual resources associated with the first beam set, and wherein the predicted reference signal measurements are based on the relationship and on actual reference signal measurements via the second beam set. The UE may receive a response to the first request, wherein the response indicates that a second network entity acknowledges or rejects the first request. The UE may operate in either the first or second beam refinement scheme according to the response.

[0005] A method for wireless communication performed by a first network entity is described. The method may include: sending a first request for switching operation between a first beam refinement scheme and a second beam refinement scheme; receiving a response from a second network entity to the first request, wherein the response indicates acceptance or rejection of the first request; and operating according to the first beam refinement scheme or the second beam refinement scheme based on the response, wherein the first beam refinement scheme includes sending the first report information indicating first beam information, the first beam information and the second beam information having a relationship, wherein the relationship is unknown to the first network entity, and wherein the first report information is based on first actual reference signal measurement information corresponding to the first beam information, and wherein the second beam refinement scheme includes sending the second report information indicating at least a portion of the first beam information, wherein the relationship is known to the first network entity, wherein the second report information is based on predicted reference signal measurement information associated with the first beam information, and wherein the predicted reference signal measurement information is based on the relationship and on second actual reference signal measurement information corresponding to the second beam information.

[0006] A first network entity for wireless communication is described. The first network entity may include one or more memories storing processor-executable code and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories. The one or more processors may be able to operate individually or jointly to execute the code to cause the first network entity to: send a first request for switching operation between a first beam refinement scheme and a second beam refinement scheme; receive a response to the first request from a second network entity, wherein the response indicates acceptance or rejection of the first request; and, based on the response, operate according to either the first beam refinement scheme or the second beam refinement scheme, wherein the first beam refinement scheme includes the transmission of first report information indicating first beam information, the first beam information having a relationship with the second beam information, wherein the relationship is unknown to the first network entity, and wherein the first report information is based on first actual reference signal measurement information corresponding to the first beam information, and wherein the second beam refinement scheme includes the transmission of second report information indicating at least a portion of the first beam information, wherein the relationship is known to the first network entity, wherein the second report information is based on predicted reference signal measurement information associated with the first beam information, and wherein the predicted reference signal measurement information is based on the relationship and on second actual reference signal measurement information corresponding to the second beam information.

[0007] Another first network entity for wireless communication is described. The first network entity may include: means for transmitting a first request for switching operation between a first beam refinement scheme and a second beam refinement scheme; means for receiving a response to the first request from a second network entity, wherein the response indicates acceptance or rejection of the first request; means for operating according to the first beam refinement scheme or the second beam refinement scheme based on the response; means for: wherein the first beam refinement scheme includes transmitting first reporting information indicating first beam information, the first beam information and the second beam information having a relationship, wherein the relationship is unknown to the first network entity, and wherein the first reporting information is based on first actual reference signal measurement information corresponding to the first beam information; and means for: wherein the second beam refinement scheme includes transmitting second reporting information indicating at least a portion of the first beam information, wherein the relationship is known to the first network entity, wherein the second reporting information is based on predicted reference signal measurement information associated with the first beam information, and wherein the predicted reference signal measurement information is based on the relationship and on second actual reference signal measurement information corresponding to the second beam information.

[0008] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication is described. The code may include instructions executable by one or more processors to: send a first request for switching operation between a first beam refinement scheme and a second beam refinement scheme; receive a response to the first request from a second network entity, wherein the response indicates acceptance or rejection of the first request; and, based on the response, operate according to either the first or second beam refinement scheme, wherein the first beam refinement scheme includes sending first report information indicating first beam information, the first beam information and the second beam information having a relationship, wherein the relationship is unknown to the first network entity, and wherein the first report information is based on first actual reference signal measurement information corresponding to the first beam information, and wherein the second beam refinement scheme includes sending second report information indicating at least a portion of the first beam information, wherein the relationship is known to the first network entity, wherein the second report information is based on predicted reference signal measurement information associated with the first beam information, and wherein the predicted reference signal measurement information is based on the relationship and on second actual reference signal measurement information corresponding to the second beam information.

[0009] The methods described herein, examples of the first network entity, and some examples of non-transitory computer-readable media may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for transmitting a second request to the second network entity to transmit a first set of reference signals based on the first beam refinement scheme during operation according to the first beam refinement scheme.

[0010] In some examples of the methods described herein, the first network entity, and the non-transitory computer-readable medium, the second request includes an identifier that can indicate a second set of reference signals transmitted according to the second beam information.

[0011] In some examples of the methods described herein, the first network entity, and the non-transitory computer-readable medium, during operation according to the second beam refinement scheme, the predicted reference signal measurement information and the first beam information can be associated with the common space transmission filter.

[0012] The methods described herein, examples of the first network entity, and some examples of non-transitory computer-readable media may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for switching between a first beam refinement scheme and a second beam refinement scheme based on acceptance of a first request after a period of time following receipt of a response, wherein the period of time may be predefined, the method further including receiving information from a second network entity indicating the period of time, and the period of time may be based on the capabilities of the first network entity.

[0013] In some examples of the methods described herein, the first network entity, and the nontransitory computer-readable medium, the response indicates a rejection of the first request, and the method further includes operating according to a first beam refinement scheme or a second beam refinement scheme based on the rejection of the first request.

[0014] In some examples of the methods described herein, the first network entity, and the non-transitory computer-readable medium, the first request may be a switch from operation according to a first beam refinement scheme to operation according to a second beam refinement scheme, and wherein the first request may be based on: an identification of the machine learning model by the first network entity based on first actual reference signal measurement information, or refinement of the machine learning model based on the first actual reference signal measurement information.

[0015] In some examples of the methods described herein, the first network entity, and the non-transitory computer-readable medium, the first request includes an indication of whether the first request can be based on an identifier of the machine learning model or on a more detailed description of the machine learning model.

[0016] The methods described herein, examples of the first network entity, and some examples of non-transitory computer-readable media may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for receiving indications regarding the relationship between the first beam information and the second beam information that may not be provided by the second network entity.

[0017] The methods described herein, examples of the first network entity, and some examples of non-transitory computer-readable media may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for: sending a beam refinement request during operation according to the first beam refinement scheme; and receiving one or more resource identifiers for the first beam information in response to the beam refinement request.

[0018] In some examples of the methods described herein, the first network entity, and the nontransitory computer-readable medium, the reception of one or more resource identifiers may be based on control information provided by a second network entity, which instructs the second network entity to be able to transmit a narrow beam reference signal for refining a wider beam reference signal, and the transmission of a beam refinement request may be based on the control information.

[0019] The methods described herein, examples of the first network entity, and some examples of non-transitory computer-readable media may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for transmitting second report information based on control information provided by the second network entity during operation according to the second beam refinement scheme, wherein the control information indicates that the second network entity may be able to receive the second report information, the second report information being based on predictive reference signal measurement information or predictive beam information based on predictive reference signal measurement information.

[0020] The methods described herein, examples of the first network entity, and some examples of non-transitory computer-readable media may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for: sending instructions on capability information, wherein the capability information indicates the capability of the first network entity to switch between operation according to a first beam refinement scheme and operation according to a second beam refinement scheme, wherein sending the first request includes sending the first request based on the capability information.

[0021] The methods described herein, some examples of the first network entity, and non-transitory computer-readable media may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for receiving a verification message indicating acceptance or rejection of an indication of capability of the first network entity.

[0022] In some examples of the methods described herein, the first network entity, and the nontransitory computer-readable medium, capability information indicates one or more capabilities of the first network entity to operate according to one or more machine learning models, a first beam refinement scheme, a second beam refinement scheme, or any combination thereof.

[0023] The methods described herein, examples of the first network entity, and some examples of non-transitory computer-readable media may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for receiving capability information, wherein the capability information indicates the capability of a second network entity to switch between operation according to a first beam refinement scheme and operation according to a second beam refinement scheme, wherein a response may be received based on the capability information.

[0024] In some examples of the methods described herein, the first network entity, and the nontransitory computer-readable medium, capability information indicates one or more capabilities of the second network entity to operate according to one or more machine learning models, a first beam refinement scheme, a second beam refinement scheme, or any combination thereof.

[0025] The methods described herein, examples of the first network entity, and some examples of non-transitory computer-readable media may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for transmitting a first identifier of a first machine learning model associated with a first beam refinement scheme, a second identifier of a second machine learning model associated with a second beam refinement scheme, or any combination thereof.

[0026] In some examples of the methods described herein, the first network entity, and the nontransitory computer-readable medium, at least one of a first machine learning model or a second machine learning model replaces the corresponding prior machine learning model associated with the first beam refinement scheme or the second beam refinement scheme.

[0027] In some examples of the methods described herein, the first network entity, and the nontransitory computer-readable medium, the response indicates acceptance of the first request, and the response includes an indication of the correspondence between the first beam information and the virtual resource associated with the predictive reference signal measurement information.

[0028] In some examples of the methods described herein, the first network entity, and the nontransitory computer-readable medium, the indication of the correspondence may be indicated by the association between a first machine learning model associated with a first beam refinement scheme and a second machine learning model associated with a second beam refinement scheme, or by the association between a reference signal resource identifier associated with the first beam information and a virtual resource identifier associated with the virtual resource, or any combination thereof.

[0029] The methods described herein, examples of the first network entity, and some examples of non-transitory computer-readable media may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for receiving messages from the second network entity that configure or activate channel state information reports at the first network entity.

[0030] The methods described herein, examples of the first network entity, and some examples of non-transitory computer-readable media may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for determining first report information based on a first machine learning model and determining second report information based on a second machine learning model.

[0031] In some examples of the methods described herein, the first network entity, and the nontransient computer-readable medium, the first actual reference signal measurement information and the second actual reference signal measurement information may be the same actual reference signal measurement information.

[0032] In the methods described herein, in some examples of the first network entity and the nontransitory computer-readable medium, relationships include quasi-colocation relationships, communication beam relationships, linear combination relationships, parent-child relationships, or any combination thereof.

[0033] A method for wireless communication performed by a first network entity is described. The method may include: receiving a first request for switching operation between a first beam refinement scheme and a second beam refinement scheme; sending a response to the first request to a second network entity, wherein the response indicates acceptance or rejection of the first request; and operating according to the first beam refinement scheme or the second beam refinement scheme based on the response, wherein the first beam refinement scheme includes sending the first report information indicating first beam information, the first beam information and the second beam information having a relationship, wherein the relationship is unknown to the first network entity, and wherein the first report information is based on first actual reference signal measurement information corresponding to the first beam information, and wherein the second beam refinement scheme includes sending the second report information indicating at least a portion of the first beam information, wherein the relationship is known to the first network entity, and wherein the second report information is based on predicted reference signal measurement information associated with the first beam information, and wherein the predicted reference signal measurement information is based on the relationship and on second actual reference signal measurement information corresponding to the second beam information.

[0034] A first network entity for wireless communication is described. The first network entity may include one or more memories storing processor executable code and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories. The one or more processors may be able to operate individually or jointly to execute the code to cause the first network entity to: receive a first request for switching operation between a first beam refinement scheme and a second beam refinement scheme; send a response to the first request to a second network entity, wherein the response indicates acceptance or rejection of the first request; and, based on the response, operate according to either the first or second beam refinement scheme, wherein the first beam refinement scheme includes the transmission of first report information indicating first beam information, the first beam information and the second beam information having a relationship, wherein the relationship is unknown to the first network entity, and wherein the first report information is based on first actual reference signal measurement information corresponding to the first beam information, and wherein the second beam refinement scheme includes the transmission of second report information indicating at least a portion of the first beam information, wherein the relationship is known to the first network entity, and wherein the second report information is based on predicted reference signal measurement information associated with the first beam information, and wherein the predicted reference signal measurement information is based on the relationship and on second actual reference signal measurement information corresponding to the second beam information.

[0035] Another first network entity for wireless communication is described. The first network entity may include: means for receiving a first request for switching operation between a first beam refinement scheme and a second beam refinement scheme; means for sending a response to the first request to a second network entity, wherein the response indicates acceptance or rejection of the first request; means for operating according to the first beam refinement scheme or the second beam refinement scheme based on the response; means for: wherein the first beam refinement scheme includes the transmission of first reporting information indicating first beam information, the first beam information and the second beam information having a relationship, wherein the relationship is unknown to the first network entity, and wherein the first reporting information is based on first actual reference signal measurement information corresponding to the first beam information; and means for: wherein the second beam refinement scheme includes the transmission of second reporting information indicating at least a portion of the first beam information, wherein the relationship is known to the first network entity, and wherein the second reporting information is based on predicted reference signal measurement information associated with the first beam information, and wherein the predicted reference signal measurement information is based on the relationship and on second actual reference signal measurement information corresponding to the second beam information.

[0036] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication is described. The code may include instructions executable by one or more processors to: receive a first request for switching operation between a first beam refinement scheme and a second beam refinement scheme; send a response to the first request to a second network entity, wherein the response indicates acceptance or rejection of the first request; and, based on the response, operate according to either the first or second beam refinement scheme, wherein the first beam refinement scheme includes the transmission of first report information indicating first beam information, the first beam information and the second beam information having a relationship, wherein the relationship is unknown to the first network entity, and wherein the first report information is based on first actual reference signal measurement information corresponding to the first beam information, and wherein the second beam refinement scheme includes the transmission of second report information indicating at least a portion of the first beam information, wherein the relationship is known to the first network entity, and wherein the second report information is based on predicted reference signal measurement information associated with the first beam information, and wherein the predicted reference signal measurement information is based on the relationship and on second actual reference signal measurement information corresponding to the second beam information.

[0037] The methods described herein, examples of the first network entity, and some examples of non-transitory computer-readable media may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for receiving a second request to the first network entity to transmit a first set of reference signals according to the first beam refinement scheme during operation.

[0038] In some examples of the methods described herein, the first network entity, and the non-transitory computer-readable medium, the second request includes an identifier that can indicate a second set of reference signals transmitted according to the second beam information.

[0039] In some examples of the methods described herein, the first network entity, and the non-transitory computer-readable medium, during operation of the second beam refinement scheme, the predicted reference signal measurement information and the first beam information can be associated with the common space transmission filter.

[0040] In some examples of the methods, first network entities, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, operating according to a response may include operations, features, components, or instructions for switching between a first beamscaling scheme and a second beamscaling scheme based on an acceptance of a first request after a period of time following the receipt of the response, wherein the period of time may be predefined, and the method further includes sending information indicating the period of time to a second network entity, and the period of time may be based on the capabilities of the second network entity.

[0041] In some examples of the methods described herein, the first network entity, and the nontransitory computer-readable medium, the response indicates a rejection of the first request, and the method further includes operating according to a first beam refinement scheme or a second beam refinement scheme based on the rejection of the first request.

[0042] In some examples of the methods described herein, the first network entity, and the non-transitory computer-readable medium, the first request may be a switch from operation according to a first beam refinement scheme to operation in a second beam refinement scheme, and wherein the first request may be based on: an identification of the machine learning model by the second network entity based on first actual reference signal measurement information, or refinement of the machine learning model based on the first actual reference signal measurement information.

[0043] In some examples of the methods described herein, the first network entity, and the non-transitory computer-readable medium, the first request includes an indication of whether the first request can be based on an identifier of the machine learning model or on a more detailed description of the machine learning model.

[0044] The methods described herein, examples of the first network entity, and some examples of non-transitory computer-readable media may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for sending instructions regarding the relationship between the first beam information and the second beam information that may not be provided by the first network entity.

[0045] The methods described herein, examples of the first network entity, and some examples of non-transitory computer-readable media may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for: receiving a beam refinement request during operation according to the first beam refinement scheme; and sending one or more resource identifiers for first beam information in response to the beam refinement request.

[0046] In some examples of the methods described herein, the first network entity, and the nontransitory computer-readable medium, the transmission of one or more resource identifiers may be based on control information provided by the first network entity, which instructs the first network entity to be able to transmit a narrow beam reference signal for refinement of a wider beam reference signal, and the reception of a beam refinement request may be based on the control information.

[0047] The methods described herein, examples of the first network entity, and some examples of non-transitory computer-readable media may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for receiving second reporting information based on control information provided by the first network entity during operation according to the second beam refinement scheme, wherein the control information indicates that the first network entity may be able to receive the second reporting information, the second reporting information being based on predictive reference signal measurement information or predictive beam information based on predictive reference signal measurement information.

[0048] The methods described herein, examples of the first network entity, and some examples of non-transitory computer-readable media may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for receiving indications of capability information, wherein the capability information indicates the capability of a second network entity to switch between operation according to a first beam refinement scheme and operation according to a second beam refinement scheme, wherein the method further includes sending a first request based on the capability information.

[0049] The methods described herein, some examples of the first network entity, and non-transitory computer-readable media may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for sending a verification message indicating acceptance or rejection of an indication of capability to a second network entity.

[0050] In some examples of the methods described herein, the first network entity, and the nontransitory computer-readable medium, capability information indicates one or more capabilities of the second network entity to operate according to one or more machine learning models, a first beam refinement scheme, a second beam refinement scheme, or any combination thereof.

[0051] The methods described herein, examples of the first network entity, and some examples of non-transitory computer-readable media may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for transmitting indications of capability information, wherein the capability information indicates the capability of the first network entity to switch between operation according to a first beam refinement scheme and operation according to a second beam refinement scheme, wherein the response may be received based on the capability information.

[0052] In some examples of the methods described herein, the first network entity, and the nontransitory computer-readable medium, capability information indicates one or more capabilities of the second network entity to operate according to one or more machine learning models, a first beam refinement scheme, a second beam refinement scheme, or any combination thereof.

[0053] The methods described herein, examples of the first network entity, and some examples of nontransitory computer-readable media may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for receiving a first identifier of a first machine learning model associated with a first beam refinement scheme, a second identifier of a second machine learning model associated with a second beam refinement scheme, or any combination thereof.

[0054] In some examples of the methods described herein, the first network entity, and the nontransitory computer-readable medium, at least one of a first machine learning model or a second machine learning model replaces the corresponding prior machine learning model associated with the first beam refinement scheme or the second beam refinement scheme.

[0055] In some examples of the methods described herein, the first network entity, and the nontransitory computer-readable medium, the response indicates acceptance of the first request, and the response includes an indication of the correspondence between the first beam information and the virtual resource associated with the predictive reference signal measurement information.

[0056] In some examples of the methods described herein, the first network entity, and the nontransitory computer-readable medium, the indication of the correspondence may be indicated by the association between a first machine learning model associated with a first beam refinement scheme and a second machine learning model associated with a second beam refinement scheme, or by the association between a reference signal resource identifier associated with the first beam information and a virtual resource identifier associated with the virtual resource, or any combination thereof.

[0057] The methods described herein, examples of the first network entity, and some examples of non-transitory computer-readable media may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for sending messages from the second network entity to configure or activate channel state information reports at the second network entity.

[0058] The methods described herein, examples of the first network entity, and some examples of non-transitory computer-readable media may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for determining first report information based on a first machine learning model and determining second report information based on a second machine learning model.

[0059] In some examples of the methods described herein, the first network entity, and the nontransient computer-readable medium, the first actual reference signal measurement information and the second actual reference signal measurement information may be the same actual reference signal measurement information.

[0060] In the methods described herein, in some examples of the first network entity and the nontransitory computer-readable medium, relationships include quasi-colocation relationships, communication beam relationships, linear combination relationships, parent-child relationships, or any combination thereof.

[0061] An apparatus for wireless communication is described. The apparatus may include a processing system configured to: transmit a first request for switching operation between a first beam refinement scheme and a second beam refinement scheme; receive a response to the first request from a second network entity, wherein the response indicates acceptance or rejection of the first request; and, based on the response, operate according to either the first or second beam refinement scheme, wherein the first beam refinement scheme includes transmitting the first report information indicating first beam information, the first beam information and the second beam information having a relationship, wherein the relationship is unknown to the first network entity, and wherein the first report information is based on first actual reference signal measurement information corresponding to the first beam information, and wherein the second beam refinement scheme includes transmitting the second report information indicating at least a portion of the first beam information, wherein the relationship is known to the first network entity, wherein the second report information is based on predicted reference signal measurement information associated with the first beam information, and wherein the predicted reference signal measurement information is based on the relationship and on second actual reference signal measurement information corresponding to the second beam information.

[0062] In some examples of the device, the processing system may be configured to send a second request to a second network entity to send a first set of reference signals based on the first beam refinement scheme during operation.

[0063] In some examples of the device, the second request includes an identifier that can indicate a second set of reference signals transmitted according to the second beam information.

[0064] In some examples of this device, during operation according to the second beam refinement scheme, the predicted reference signal measurement information and the first beam information can be associated with the common space transmission filter.

[0065] In some examples of the device, the processing system may be configured to switch between a first beam refinement scheme and a second beam refinement scheme based on the acceptance of the first request after a period of time following the receipt of the response, wherein the period of time may be predefined, the processing system may be configured to receive information indicating the period of time from a second network entity, and the period of time may be based on the capabilities of the first network entity.

[0066] In some examples of the device, the response indicates a rejection of the first request, and the processing system may also be configured to operate according to a first beam refinement scheme or a second beam refinement scheme based on the rejection of the first request.

[0067] In some examples of the device, the first request may be to switch from operation according to a first beam refinement scheme to operation according to a second beam refinement scheme, and the first request may be based on: an identification of the machine learning model by a first network entity based on first actual reference signal measurement information, or refinement of the machine learning model based on the first actual reference signal measurement information.

[0068] In some examples of the device, the first request includes an instruction on whether the first request can be based on an identifier of the machine learning model or on a more detailed description of the machine learning model.

[0069] In some examples of the device, the processing system can be configured to receive an indication that the relationship between the first beam information and the second beam information may not be provided by the second network entity.

[0070] In some examples of the device, the processing system may be configured to: send a beam refinement request during operation according to a first beam refinement scheme; and receive one or more resource identifiers for the first beam information in response to the beam refinement request.

[0071] In some examples of the device, the reception of one or more resource identifiers may be based on control information provided by a second network entity, which instructs the second network entity to be able to transmit a narrow beam reference signal for refining a wider beam reference signal, and the transmission of a beam refinement request may be based on the control information.

[0072] In some examples of the device, the processing system may be configured to send second report information based on control information provided by a second network entity during operation according to a second beam refinement scheme, wherein the control information indicates that the second network entity may be able to receive the second report information, which is based on predictive reference signal measurement information or predictive beam information based on predictive reference signal measurement information.

[0073] In some examples of the device, the processing system can be configured to send an indication of capability information, wherein the capability information indicates the ability of a first network entity to switch between operation according to a first beam refinement scheme and operation according to a second beam refinement scheme, wherein in order to send a first request, the processing system can be configured to send a first request based on the capability information.

[0074] In some examples of the device, the processing system may be configured to receive a verification message indicating acceptance or rejection of an indication of capability to a first network entity.

[0075] In some examples of the device, capability information indicates one or more capabilities of a first network entity to operate according to one or more machine learning models, a first beam refinement scheme, a second beam refinement scheme, or any combination thereof.

[0076] In some examples of the device, the processing system can be configured to receive indications of capability information, wherein the capability information indicates the ability of a second network entity to switch between operation according to a first beam refinement scheme and operation according to a second beam refinement scheme, wherein a response can be received based on the capability information.

[0077] In some examples of the device, capability information indicates one or more capabilities of the second network entity to operate according to one or more machine learning models, a first beam refinement scheme, a second beam refinement scheme, or any combination thereof.

[0078] In some examples of the device, the processing system may be configured to send a first identifier of a first machine learning model associated with a first beam refinement scheme, a second identifier of a second machine learning model associated with a second beam refinement scheme, or any combination thereof.

[0079] In some examples of the device, at least one of a first machine learning model or a second machine learning model replaces the corresponding previous machine learning model associated with the first beam refinement scheme or the second beam refinement scheme.

[0080] In some examples of the device, the response indicates acceptance of the first request, and the response includes an indication of the correspondence between the first beam information and the virtual resource associated with the predictive reference signal measurement information.

[0081] In some examples of the device, the indication of this correspondence may be indicated by the association between a first machine learning model associated with a first beam refinement scheme and a second machine learning model associated with a second beam refinement scheme, or by the association between a reference signal resource identifier associated with the first beam information and a virtual resource identifier associated with the virtual resource, or any combination thereof.

[0082] In some examples of this device, the processing system can be configured to receive messages from a second network entity that configure or activate channel state information reports at a first network entity.

[0083] In some examples of the device, the processing system can be configured to determine first report information based on a first machine learning model and second report information based on a second machine learning model.

[0084] In some examples of this device, the first actual reference signal measurement information and the second actual reference signal measurement information can be the same actual reference signal measurement information.

[0085] In some examples of this device, the relationships include quasi-colocation relationships, communication beam relationships, linear combination relationships, parent-child relationships, or any combination thereof.

[0086] Another apparatus for wireless communication is described. The apparatus may include a processing system configured to: receive a first request for switching operation between a first beam refinement scheme and a second beam refinement scheme; send a response to the first request to a second network entity, wherein the response indicates acceptance or rejection of the first request; and, based on the response, operate according to either the first or second beam refinement scheme, wherein the first beam refinement scheme includes the transmission of first report information indicating first beam information, the first beam information and the second beam information having a relationship, wherein the relationship is unknown to the first network entity, and wherein the first report information is based on first actual reference signal measurement information corresponding to the first beam information, and wherein the second beam refinement scheme includes the transmission of second report information indicating at least a portion of the first beam information, wherein the relationship is known to the first network entity, and wherein the second report information is based on predicted reference signal measurement information associated with the first beam information, and wherein the predicted reference signal measurement information is based on the relationship and on second actual reference signal measurement information corresponding to the second beam information.

[0087] In some examples of the device, the processing system may be configured to receive a second request for a first network entity to transmit a first set of reference signals according to the first beam refinement scheme during operation.

[0088] In some examples of the device, the second request includes an identifier that can indicate a second set of reference signals transmitted according to the second beam information.

[0089] In some examples of this device, during operation of the second beam refinement scheme, the predicted reference signal measurement information and the first beam information can be associated with the common space transmission filter.

[0090] In some examples of the device, in order to operate according to a response, the processing system may be configured to switch between a first beam refinement scheme and a second beam refinement scheme based on the acceptance of the first request after a period of time following the receipt of the response, wherein the period of time may be predefined, the processing system may be configured to send information indicating the period of time to a second network entity, and the period of time may be based on the capabilities of the second network entity.

[0091] In some examples of the device, the response indicates a rejection of the first request, and the processing system may also be configured to operate according to a first beam refinement scheme or a second beam refinement scheme based on the rejection of the first request.

[0092] In some examples of the device, the first request may be to switch from operation according to the first beam refinement scheme to operation in the second beam refinement scheme, and the first request may be based on: the identification of the machine learning model by the second network entity based on the first actual reference signal measurement information, or the refinement of the machine learning model based on the first actual reference signal measurement information.

[0093] In some examples of the device, the first request includes an instruction on whether the first request can be based on an identifier of the machine learning model or on a more detailed description of the machine learning model.

[0094] In some examples of this device, the processing system can be configured to send an indication that the relationship between the first beam information and the second beam information may not be provided by the first network entity.

[0095] In some examples of the device, the processing system may be configured to: receive a beam refinement request during operation according to a first beam refinement scheme; and send one or more resource identifiers for the first beam information in response to the beam refinement request.

[0096] In some examples of the device, the transmission of one or more resource identifiers can be based on control information provided by a first network entity, which instructs the first network entity to be able to transmit a narrow beam reference signal for refining a wider beam reference signal, and the reception of a beam refinement request can be based on the control information.

[0097] In some examples of the device, the processing system may be configured to receive second report information during operation according to a second beam refinement scheme, based on control information provided by a first network entity, wherein the control information indicates that the first network entity may be able to receive the second report information, which is based on predictive reference signal measurement information or predictive beam information based on predictive reference signal measurement information.

[0098] In some examples of the device, the processing system may be configured to receive indications of capability information, wherein the capability information indicates the ability of a second network entity to switch between operation according to a first beam refinement scheme and operation according to a second beam refinement scheme, wherein in order to send a first request, the processing system may be configured to send a first request based on the capability information.

[0099] In some examples of the device, the processing system can be configured to send a verification message indicating acceptance or rejection of an indication of capability to a second network entity.

[0100] In some examples of the device, capability information indicates one or more capabilities of the second network entity to operate according to one or more machine learning models, a first beam refinement scheme, a second beam refinement scheme, or any combination thereof.

[0101] In some examples of the device, the processing system can be configured to send an indication of capability information, wherein the capability information indicates the ability of a first network entity to switch between operation according to a first beam refinement scheme and operation according to a second beam refinement scheme, wherein a response can be received based on the capability information.

[0102] In some examples of the device, capability information indicates one or more capabilities of the second network entity to operate according to one or more machine learning models, a first beam refinement scheme, a second beam refinement scheme, or any combination thereof.

[0103] In some examples of the device, the processing system may be configured to receive a first identifier of a first machine learning model associated with a first beam refinement scheme, a second identifier of a second machine learning model associated with a second beam refinement scheme, or any combination thereof.

[0104] In some examples of the device, at least one of a first machine learning model or a second machine learning model replaces the corresponding previous machine learning model associated with the first beam refinement scheme or the second beam refinement scheme.

[0105] In some examples of the device, the response indicates acceptance of the first request, and the response includes an indication of the correspondence between the first beam information and the virtual resource associated with the predictive reference signal measurement information.

[0106] In some examples of the device, the indication of this correspondence may be indicated by the association between a first machine learning model associated with a first beam refinement scheme and a second machine learning model associated with a second beam refinement scheme, or by the association between a reference signal resource identifier associated with the first beam information and a virtual resource identifier associated with the virtual resource, or any combination thereof.

[0107] In some examples of this device, the processing system can be configured to send a message from a second network entity configuring or activating a channel state information report at the second network entity.

[0108] In some examples of the device, the processing system can be configured to determine first report information based on a first machine learning model and second report information based on a second machine learning model.

[0109] In some examples of this device, the first actual reference signal measurement information and the second actual reference signal measurement information can be the same actual reference signal measurement information.

[0110] In some examples of this device, the relationships include quasi-colocation relationships, communication beam relationships, linear combination relationships, parent-child relationships, or any combination thereof. Attached Figure Description

[0111] Figure 1 An example of a wireless communication system is shown that adapts the reporting of an actual beam refinement prediction report initiated by a user equipment (UE) to the reporting of a virtual beam refinement prediction report initiated by the UE, in accordance with one or more aspects of this disclosure.

[0112] Figure 2 An example of a wireless communication system is shown that adapts the reporting of an actual beam refinement prediction report initiated by a UE to the reporting of a virtual beam refinement prediction report initiated by the UE, in accordance with one or more aspects of this disclosure.

[0113] Figure 3 An example of an adaptation scheme is shown that adapts the report of the actual beam refinement prediction report initiated by the UE to the report of the virtual beam refinement prediction report initiated by the UE, in accordance with one or more aspects of this disclosure.

[0114] Figure 4 An example of an adaptation scheme is shown that adapts the report of the actual beam refinement prediction report initiated by the UE to the report of the virtual beam refinement prediction report initiated by the UE, in accordance with one or more aspects of this disclosure.

[0115] Figure 5 An example of a process flow for adapting a report of an actual beam refinement prediction report initiated by a UE to a report of a virtual beam refinement prediction report initiated by the UE, supported by one or more aspects of this disclosure, is shown.

[0116] Figure 6 and Figure 7 A block diagram of an apparatus for adapting a report between a UE-initiated actual beam refinement prediction report and a UE-initiated virtual beam refinement prediction report, supported by one or more aspects of this disclosure.

[0117] Figure 8 A block diagram of a communication manager is shown that adapts the reporting of actual beam refinement prediction reports initiated by the UE to reports of virtual beam refinement prediction reports initiated by the UE, in accordance with one or more aspects of this disclosure.

[0118] Figure 9 A diagram of a system comprising an apparatus for adapting a report to a UE-initiated actual beam refinement prediction report and a report to a UE-initiated virtual beam refinement prediction report, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure.

[0119] Figure 10 and Figure 11 A block diagram of an apparatus for adapting a report between a UE-initiated actual beam refinement prediction report and a UE-initiated virtual beam refinement prediction report, supported by one or more aspects of this disclosure.

[0120] Figure 12 A block diagram of a communication manager is shown that adapts the reporting of actual beam refinement prediction reports initiated by the UE to reports of virtual beam refinement prediction reports initiated by the UE, in accordance with one or more aspects of this disclosure.

[0121] Figure 13 A diagram of a system comprising an apparatus for adapting a report to a UE-initiated actual beam refinement prediction report and a report to a UE-initiated virtual beam refinement prediction report, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure.

[0122] Figure 14 and Figure 15 A flowchart illustrating a method for adapting a report of an actual beam refinement prediction report initiated by a UE to a report of a virtual beam refinement prediction report initiated by the UE, in accordance with one or more aspects of this disclosure, is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0123] In wireless communication, user equipment (UE) (which may be referred to as a first network entity) and network entities (which may be referred to as a second network entity) can participate in beam refinement processes, whereby the UE can initiate beam refinement processes, such as those involving the refinement of the transmit beams of the network entity. In some aspects, the network entity can use wide beams for transmission (e.g., for Synchronization Signal Block (SSB) transmission) and also narrow beams for transmission (e.g., for Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS) transmission). However, in some cases, the UE may not be aware of the parent-child relationship between the wide and narrow beams used for communication. Therefore, the UE can participate in different beam refinement schemes (e.g., depending on whether the UE is aware of such a parent-child relationship). In a first scheme, the UE may not yet have information about the parent-child relationship between the wide and narrow beams, and the UE requests the network entity to use one or more narrow beams to transmit one or more transmissions (e.g., CSI-RS transmission). The UE can identify or predict (e.g., using artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML), or both) one or more parent-child beamforming relationships and report channel quality information (e.g., Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) information, Signal-to-Interference Plus Noise Ratio (SINR) information, Channel Quality Indicator (CQI) information, one or more other indications of channel quality, or any combination thereof). In a second scenario, the UE may already have information about the parent-child relationships and can predict (e.g., using AI, ML, or both) one or more indications of channel quality (e.g., regarding one or more virtual resources), and can report such predictions to network entities. However, there is currently no structure to guide how the UE can switch between these different beamforming schemes. Therefore, the current approach can be improved.

[0124] Techniques for beam refinement scheme switching can be employed. For example, the UE can send a request to a network entity requesting operation under a beam refinement scheme (e.g., the first or second beam refinement scheme described herein). The network entity can respond by acknowledging or rejecting the request. If the network entity acknowledges such operation, the UE can begin operating under the requested scheme. Otherwise, the UE can continue operating under the currently used scheme (e.g., a scheme other than the one requested in the request). In some aspects, the UE can adjust or tune an AI model, an ML model, or both based on measurements performed during the first beam refinement scheme. In some aspects, the UE can determine that it will operate under the second beam refinement scheme based on one or more measurements performed on received signaling associated with the first beam refinement scheme. In some aspects, switching between beam refinement schemes can be based on AI functionality, ML functionality, or both associated with the beam refinement scheme. In some aspects, switching between beam refinement schemes may include sending an identifier of an AI model, an ML model, or both. In some respects, the UE may signal the association or connection between a reference signal received by the UE (e.g., associated with a first beam refinement scheme) and a virtual resource set (e.g., used in association with a second beam refinement scheme).

[0125] The various aspects of this disclosure are first described in the context of a wireless communication system. Then, the various aspects of this disclosure are described with reference to wireless communication systems, adaptation schemes, and process flows. The various aspects of this disclosure are further illustrated and described by means of, and with reference to, apparatus diagrams, system diagrams, and flowcharts relating to the adaptation between actual beam refinement and virtual beam refinement prediction reports initiated by the UE.

[0126] Figure 1 An example of a wireless communication system 100 is illustrated, showing the adaptation between a report of an actual beam refinement prediction report initiated by a UE and a report of a virtual beam refinement prediction report initiated by a UE, supported by one or more aspects of this disclosure. The wireless communication system 100 may include one or more network entities 105, one or more UEs 115, and a core network 130. In some aspects, the wireless communication system 100 may be a Long Term Evolution (LTE) network, an Advanced LTE (LTE-A) network, an LTE-APro network, a New Radio (NR) network, or a network operating according to other systems and radio technologies, including future systems and radio technologies not explicitly mentioned herein.

[0127] Network entity 105 may be distributed across a geographical area to form wireless communication system 100, and may include devices employing different forms or having different capabilities. In various examples, network entity 105 may be referred to as a network element, mobility element, radio access network (RAN) node, or network equipment, etc. In some aspects, network entity 105 and UE 115 may wirelessly communicate via one or more communication links 125 (e.g., radio frequency (RF) access links). For example, network entity 105 may support coverage area 110 (e.g., a geographical coverage area) within which UE 115 and network entity 105 may establish one or more communication links 125. Coverage area 110 may be an example of a geographical area within which network entity 105 and UE 115 may support the transmission of signals according to one or more radio access technologies (RATs).

[0128] UE 115 can be distributed throughout the coverage area 110 of wireless communication system 100, and each UE 115 can be stationary or mobile, or stationary and mobile at different times. UE 115 can be devices in different forms or with different capabilities. Figure 1 Some example UE 115s are illustrated herein. The UE 115 described herein can be able to support various types of devices (such as, e.g., ...). Figure 1 It communicates with other UEs (115 or network entity 105) as shown.

[0129] As described herein, a network entity (which may alternatively be referred to as an entity, node, network node, or wireless entity) can be, can be similar to, can include, or can be included in (e.g., can be a component of): a base station (e.g., any base station described herein, including a decomposed base station), a UE (e.g., any UE described herein), a RedCap device, an eRedCap device, an ambient Internet of Things (IoT) device, an energy harvesting (EH) capable device, a network controller, apparatus, device, computing system, an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, a distributed unit (DU), a central unit (CU), a remote / radio unit (RU) (which may also be referred to as a remote radio unit (RRU)), and / or another processing entity configured to perform any of the techniques described herein. For example, a network entity can be a UE. As another example, a network entity can be a base station. As used herein, “network entity” can mean an entity configured to operate in a network, such as network entity 105. For example, “network entity” is not limited to an entity currently located in and / or currently operating in a network. Rather, a network entity can be any entity capable of communicating and / or operating within a network.

[0130] The adjectives "first," "second," "third," etc., are used to distinguish between two or more modified nouns in context, and do not imply absolute modifiers applicable only to a specific corresponding entity throughout the document. For example, a network entity may be referred to as "first network entity" in one discussion and as "second network entity" in another, and vice versa. As an example, the first network entity may be configured to communicate with a second network entity or a third network entity. In one aspect of this example, the first network entity may be a UE, the second network entity may be a base station, and the third network entity may be a UE. In another aspect of this example, the first network entity may be a UE, the second network entity may be a base station, and the third network entity may be a base station. In yet other aspects of this example, the first, second, and third network entities may be different from these examples.

[0131] Similarly, references to UE, base station, device, equipment, computing system, etc., may include disclosures of UE, base station, device, equipment, computing system, etc., as network entities. For example, a disclosure of a UE being configured to receive information from a base station also discloses that a first network entity is configured to receive information from a second network entity. Consistent with this disclosure, once a particular example is extended according to this disclosure (e.g., a disclosure of a UE being configured to receive information from a base station also discloses that a first network entity is configured to receive information from a second network entity), a broader example of a narrower example may be interpreted in reverse, but in a broad, open-ended manner. In the above example where a UE is configured to receive information from a base station and a first network entity is configured to receive information from a second network entity, the first network entity may refer to a first UE, a first base station, a first device, a first equipment, a first computing system, a first set of one or more components, a first processing entity, etc., configured to receive information; and the second network entity may refer to a second UE, a second base station, a second device, a second equipment, a second computing system, a second set of one or more components, a second processing entity, etc.

[0132] As described herein, different terms may be used in various contexts to describe the transmission of information (e.g., any information, signal, etc.). Disclosure of one communication term includes disclosure of other communication terms. For example, a first network entity may be described as being configured to send information to a second network entity. In this example and consistent with this disclosure, disclosure that a first network entity is configured to send information to a second network entity includes disclosure that the first network entity is configured to provide, transmit, output, communicate, or send information to the second network entity. Similarly, in this example and consistent with this disclosure, disclosure that a first network entity is configured to send information to a second network entity includes disclosure that the second network entity is configured to receive, obtain, or decode information provided, transmitted, output, communicate, or sent by the first network entity.

[0133] As shown in the figure, a network entity (e.g., network entity 105) may include a processing system 106. Similarly, a network entity (e.g., UE 115) may include a processing system 112. A processing system may include one or more components (or sub-components), such as those described herein. For example, a corresponding component among these one or more components may be, similar to, include, or be included in at least one memory, at least one communication interface, or at least one processor. For example, a processing system may include one or more components. In such an example, the one or more components may include a first component, a second component, and a third component. In this example, the first component may be coupled to the second and third components. In this example, the first component may be at least one processor, the second component may be a communication interface, and the third component may be at least one memory. A processing system is generally one or more components of a system capable of performing one or more functions (such as any function or combination of functions described herein). For example, one or more components may receive input information (e.g., any information as input, such as a signal, any digital information, or any other information), one or more components may process the input information to generate output information (e.g., any information as output, such as a signal or any other information), one or more components may perform any function as described herein or any combination thereof. As described herein, “input” and “input information” can be used interchangeably. Similarly, as described herein, “output” and “output information” can be used interchangeably. Any information generated by any component can be provided to one or more other systems or components of network entities such as those described herein. For example, a processing system may include a first component configured to receive or obtain information, a second component configured to process the information to generate output information, and / or a third component configured to provide the output information to other systems or components. In this example, the first component may be a communication interface (e.g., a first communication interface), the second component may be at least one processor (e.g., coupled to the communication interface and / or at least one memory), and the third component may be a communication interface (e.g., a first communication interface or a second communication interface). For example, a processing system may include at least one memory, at least one communication interface, and / or at least one processor, wherein the at least one processor may, for example, be coupled to the at least one memory and the at least one communication interface.

[0134] The processing system of the network entity described herein can interface with one or more other components of the network entity, process information received from one or more other components (such as input information), or output such information to one or more other components. For example, the processing system may include a first component configured to interface with one or more other components of the network entity to receive or obtain information, a second component configured to process the information to generate one or more outputs, and / or a third component configured to output the one or more outputs to one or more other components. In this example, the first component may be a communication interface (e.g., a first communication interface), the second component may be at least one processor (e.g., coupled to the communication interface and / or at least one memory), and the third component may be a communication interface (e.g., the first communication interface or the second communication interface). For example, a chip or modem of the network entity may include the processing system. The processing system may include a first communication interface for receiving or obtaining information, and a second communication interface for outputting, transmitting, or providing information. In some aspects, the first communication interface may be an interface configured to receive input information, and such information may be provided to the processing system. In some aspects, the second system interface may be configured to transmit information output from the chip or modem. The second communication interface can also obtain or receive input information, and the first communication interface can also output, send, or provide information.

[0135] In some aspects, network entity 105 may communicate with core network 130, communicate with each other, or both. For example, network entity 105 may communicate with core network 130 via one or more backhaul communication links 120 (e.g., according to S1, N2, N3, or other interface protocols). In some aspects, network entities 105 may communicate with each other directly (e.g., directly between network entities 105) or indirectly (e.g., via core network 130) via backhaul communication links 120 (e.g., according to X2, Xn, or other interface protocols). In some aspects, network entities 105 may communicate with each other via midhaul communication link 162 (e.g., according to midhaul interface protocol) or fronthaul communication link 168 (e.g., according to fronthaul interface protocol) or any combination thereof. Backhaul communication link 120, midhaul communication link 162, or fronthaul communication link 168 may be or include one or more wired links (e.g., electrical links, fiber optic links), one or more wireless links (e.g., radio links, wireless optical links), etc., or various combinations thereof. UE 115 can communicate with core network 130 via communication link 155.

[0136] One or more network entities in the network entity 105 described herein may include or be referred to as base station 140 (e.g., transceiver base station, radio base station, NR base station, access point, radio transceiver, node B, evolved node B (eNodeB, eNB), next-generation node B or gigabit node B (any of which may be referred to as gNB), 5G NB, next-generation eNB (ng-eNB), home node B, home evolved node B or other suitable terms). In some aspects, network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140) may be implemented in a converged (e.g., monolithic, self-contained) base station architecture that may be configured to utilize a protocol stack physically or logically integrated within a single network entity 105 (e.g., a single RAN node, such as base station 140).

[0137] In some aspects, network entity 105 may be implemented in a decomposed architecture (e.g., a decomposed base station architecture, a decomposed RAN architecture) that can be configured to utilize a protocol stack physically or logically distributed between two or more network entities 105 (such as an integrated access backhaul (IAB) network, an open RAN (O-RAN) (e.g., a network configuration sponsored by the O-RAN Alliance), or a virtualized RAN (vRAN) (e.g., a cloud RAN (C-RAN))). For example, network entity 105 may include one or more of the following: a central unit (CU) 160, a distributed unit (DU) 165, a radio unit (RU) 170, a RAN intelligent controller (RIC) 175 (e.g., a near real-time RIC (near RT RIC), a non-real-time RIC (non-RT RIC)), a service management and orchestration (SMO) 180 system, or any combination thereof. RU 170 may also be referred to as a radio headend, an intelligent radio headend, a remote radio headend (RRH), a remote radio unit (RRU), or a transmit-receive point (TRP). One or more components of network entity 105 in a decomposed RAN architecture may be co-located, or one or more components of network entity 105 may be located in distributed locations (e.g., separate physical locations). In some aspects, one or more network entities 105 in a decomposed RAN architecture may be implemented as virtual units (e.g., virtual CU (VCU), virtual DU (VDU), virtual RU (VRU)).

[0138] The functional splitting among CU 160, DU 165, and RU 170 is flexible and can support different functionalities depending on which functions (e.g., network layer functions, protocol layer functions, baseband functions, RF functions, and any combination thereof) are performed at CU 160, DU 165, or RU 170. For example, a protocol stack functional splitting can be used between CU 160 and DU 165, allowing CU 160 to support one or more layers of the protocol stack, and DU 165 to support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. In some respects, CU 160 can host higher protocol layer (e.g., Layer 3 (L3), Layer 2 (L2)) functionalities and signaling (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC), Serving Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP), Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP)). CU 160 can connect to one or more DU 165 or RU 170, and one or more DU 165 or RU 170 can host lower protocol layers, such as Layer 1 (L1) (e.g., Physical (PHY) layer) or L2 (e.g., Radio Link Control (RLC) layer, Medium Access Control (MAC) layer) functionality and signaling, and each can be at least partially controlled by CU 160. Additionally or alternatively, a protocol stack functional split can be employed between DU 165 and RU 170, such that DU 165 can support one or more layers of the protocol stack, and RU 170 can support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. DU 165 can support one or more different cells (e.g., via one or more RU 170). In some cases, functional decomposition between CU 160 and DU 165, or between DU 165 and RU 170, can be performed within the protocol layer (e.g., some functions of the protocol layer can be performed by one of CU 160, DU 165, or RU 170, while other functions of the protocol layer can be performed by different of CU 160, DU 165, or RU 170). CU 160 can be further functionally decomposed into CU control plane (CU-CP) functions and CU user plane (CU-UP) functions. CU 160 can be connected to one or more DU 165 via midhaul communication link 162 (e.g., F1, F1-c, F1-u), and DU 165 can be connected to one or more RU 170 via fronthaul communication link 168 (e.g., open fronthaul (FH) interface). In some respects, the midhaul communication link 162 or the fronthaul communication link 168 may be implemented based on the interfaces (e.g., channels) between the layers of the protocol stack, each layer of which is supported by the corresponding network entity 105 communicating via such communication links.

[0139] In a wireless communication system (e.g., wireless communication system 100), the infrastructure and spectrum resources for radio access can support wireless backhaul link capabilities to supplement wired backhaul connections, thereby providing an IAB network architecture (e.g., to core network 130). In some cases, in an IAB network, one or more network entities 105 (e.g., IAB node 104) may be partially controlled by each other. One or more IAB nodes 104 may be referred to as donor entities or IAB donors. One or more DU 165s or one or more RU 170s may be partially controlled by one or more CU 160s associated with donor network entity 105 (e.g., donor base station 140). One or more donor network entities 105 (e.g., IAB donors) may communicate with one or more additional network entities 105 (e.g., IAB node 104) via supported access and backhaul links (e.g., backhaul communication link 120). IAB node 104 may include an IAB mobile terminal (IAB-MT) controlled (e.g., scheduled) by a DU 165 of a coupled IAB donor. The IAB-MT may include a separate set of antennas for relaying communication with UE 115, or may share the same antennas (e.g., those of RU 170) for access to IAB node 104 via DU 165 of IAB node 104. (e.g., referred to as a virtual IAB-MT (vIAB-MT)). In some aspects, IAB node 104 may include a DU 165 that supports communication links with additional entities (e.g., IAB node 104, UE 115) within a relay chain or configuration (e.g., downstream) of the access network. In such cases, one or more components of the decomposed RAN architecture (e.g., one or more IAB nodes 104 or components of IAB node 104) may be configured to operate according to the techniques described herein.

[0140] For example, the access network (AN) or RAN may include communication between an access node (e.g., an IAB donor), IAB node 104, and one or more UEs 115. The IAB donor may facilitate connectivity between the core network 130 and the AN (e.g., via a wired or wireless connection to the core network 130). That is, an IAB donor may refer to a RAN node having a wired or wireless connection to the core network 130. The IAB donor may include a CU 160 and at least one DU 165 (e.g., and RU 170), where the CU 160 may communicate with the core network 130 via an interface (e.g., a backhaul link). The IAB donor and IAB node 104 may communicate via an F1 interface according to a protocol defining the signaling messages (e.g., the F1 AP protocol). Additionally or alternatively, the CU 160 may communicate with the core network via an interface (which may be part of a backhaul link) and may communicate with other CU 160s (e.g., CU 160 associated with an alternative IAB donor) via an Xn-C interface (which may be part of a backhaul link).

[0141] IAB node 104 may refer to a RAN node that provides IAB functionality (e.g., access for UE 115, radio self-backhaul capability, etc.). DU 165 may act as a distributed scheduling node toward child nodes associated with IAB node 104, and IAB-MT may act as a scheduled node toward a parent node associated with IAB node 104. That is, an IAB donor may be referred to as a parent node communicating with one or more child nodes (e.g., an IAB donor may relay for UE transmissions via one or more other IAB nodes 104). Additionally or alternatively, depending on the AN's relay chain or configuration, IAB node 104 may also be referred to as a parent or child node of other IAB nodes 104. Therefore, the IAB-MT entity of IAB node 104 can provide a Uu interface for child IAB node 104 to receive signaling from parent IAB node 104, and the DU interface (e.g., DU 165) can provide a Uu interface for parent IAB node 104 to send signaling notifications to child IAB node 104 or UE 115.

[0142] For example, IAB node 104 may be referred to as a parent node supporting communication to child IAB nodes, or as a child IAB node associated with an IAB donor, or both. An IAB donor may include a CU 160 having a wired or wireless connection to core network 130 (e.g., backhaul communication link 120) and may act as a parent node of IAB node 104. For example, the IAB donor's DU 165 may relay transmissions to UE 115 via IAB node 104, or may signal transmissions directly to UE 115, or both. The IAB donor's CU 160 may signal the establishment of a communication link to IAB node 104 via an F1 interface, and IAB node 104 may schedule transmissions via DU 165 (e.g., transmissions relayed from the IAB donor to UE 115). That is, data may be relayed to and from IAB node 104 via signaling through the NR Uu interface of the MT to IAB node 104. Communication with IAB node 104 can be scheduled by DU 165 of the IAB donor, and communication with IAB node 104 can be scheduled by DU 165 of IAB node 104.

[0143] In the context of applying the techniques described herein to a decomposed RAN architecture, one or more components of the decomposed RAN architecture can be configured to support adaptation between reports of actual beam refinement prediction reports initiated by the UE and reports of virtual beam refinement prediction reports initiated by the UE, as described herein. For example, some operations described as being performed by the UE 115 or network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140) may additionally or alternatively be performed by one or more components of the decomposed RAN architecture (e.g., IAB node 104, DU 165, CU 160, RU 170, RIC 175, SMO 180).

[0144] UE 115 may include or be referred to as a mobile device, wireless device, remote device, handheld device, or subscriber device, or some other suitable term, wherein "device" may also be referred to as a unit, station, terminal, or client, etc. UE 115 may also include or be referred to as a personal electronic device, such as a cellular phone, personal digital assistant (PDA), tablet computer, laptop computer, or personal computer. In some aspects, UE 115 may include or be referred to as a wireless local loop (WLL) station, Internet of Things (IoT) device, Internet of Everything (IoE) device, or machine-type communication (MTC) device, which can be implemented in various objects such as electrical appliances or vehicles, instruments, etc.

[0145] The UE 115 described herein can communicate with various types of devices, such as other UEs 115 that sometimes act as relays, network entities 105, and network equipment including macro eNBs or gNBs, small cell eNBs or gNBs, or relay base stations, etc. Figure 1 As shown.

[0146] UE 115 and network entity 105 can wirelessly communicate with each other via one or more communication links 125 (e.g., access links) using resources associated with one or more carriers. The term "carrier" can refer to a set of RF spectrum resources having a defined physical layer structure for supporting communication link 125. For example, a carrier for communication link 125 may include a portion of the RF spectrum band (e.g., a bandwidth portion (BWP)) operating according to one or more physical layer channels for a given radio access technology (e.g., LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, NR). Each physical layer channel may carry acquisition signaling (e.g., synchronization signals, system information), control signaling coordinating carrier operation, user data, or other signaling. Wireless communication system 100 can support communication with UE 115 using carrier aggregation or multi-carrier operation. Depending on the carrier aggregation configuration, UE 115 may be configured with multiple downlink component carriers and one or more uplink component carriers. Carrier aggregation can be used in conjunction with both frequency division duplex (FDD) component carriers and time division duplex (TDD) component carriers. Communication between network entity 105 and other devices can refer to communication between these devices and any part of network entity 105 (e.g., entity, sub-entity). For example, the terms “send,” “receive,” or “communicate” when referring to network entity 105 can refer to any part of the RAN’s network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140, CU160, DU 165, RU 170) communicating with another device (e.g., directly or via one or more other network entities 105).

[0147] In some aspects, such as in carrier aggregation configurations, carriers may also have acquisition signaling or control signaling to coordinate the operation of other carriers. Carriers may be associated with frequency channels (e.g., Evolved Universal Mobile Telecommunications System Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) Absolute RF Channel Number (EARFCN)) and may be identified according to a channel grating used for discovery by UE 115. Carriers may operate in standalone mode, in which case initial acquisition and connection can be performed by UE 115 via that carrier, or carriers may operate in non-standalone mode, in which case different carriers (e.g., the same or different radio access technologies) are used to anchor the connection.

[0148] The communication link 125 shown in the wireless communication system 100 may include downlink transmission (e.g., forward link transmission) from network entity 105 to UE 115, uplink transmission (e.g., return link transmission) from UE 115 to network entity 105, or both, as well as other transmission configurations. A carrier may carry downlink communication or uplink communication (e.g., in FDD mode), or may be configured to carry both downlink and uplink communication (e.g., in TDD mode).

[0149] A carrier may be associated with a specific bandwidth of the RF spectrum, and in some aspects, the carrier bandwidth may be referred to as the carrier or the “system bandwidth” of the wireless communication system 100. For example, the carrier bandwidth may be one bandwidth in a set of bandwidths for a particular radio access technology (e.g., 1.4 MHz, 3 MHz, 5 MHz, 10 MHz, 15 MHz, 20 MHz, 40 MHz, or 80 MHz). Devices of the wireless communication system 100 (e.g., network entity 105, UE 115, or both) may have hardware configurations that support communication using a specific carrier bandwidth, or may be configured to support communication using one carrier bandwidth in a set of carrier bandwidths. In some aspects, the wireless communication system 100 may include network entity 105 or UE 115 that supports concurrent communication using carriers associated with multiple carrier bandwidths. In some aspects, each served UE 115 may be configured to operate using a portion (e.g., a sub-band, BWP) or all of the carrier bandwidth.

[0150] The signal waveform transmitted via a carrier may include multiple subcarriers (e.g., using multi-carrier modulation (MCM) techniques, such as orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) or discrete Fourier transform extended OFDM (DFT-S-OFDM)). In a system employing MCM, a resource element may refer to a resource of one symbol period (e.g., the duration of one modulation symbol) and one subcarrier, in which case the symbol period and subcarrier spacing may be inversely related. The number of bits carried by each resource element may depend on the modulation scheme (e.g., the order of the modulation scheme, the decoding rate of the modulation scheme, or both), such that a relatively high number of resource elements (e.g., in the transmission duration) and a relatively high modulation scheme order may correspond to a relatively high communication rate. Wireless communication resources may refer to a combination of RF spectrum resources, temporal resources, and spatial resources (e.g., spatial layers or beams), and the use of multiple spatial resources may increase the data rate or data integrity used for communication with UE 115.

[0151] It can support one or more sets of parameters for a carrier, and the set of parameters may include subcarrier spacing ( The carrier can be divided into one or more BWPs with the same or different sets of parameters. In some respects, the UE 115 can be configured with multiple BWPs. In some respects, a single BWP for a carrier can be active at a given time, and communication for the UE 115 can be limited to one or more active BWPs.

[0152] The time interval for network entity 105 or UE 115 can be expressed as a multiple of a basic time unit, such as the sampling period. seconds, of which It can represent the supported subcarrier spacing, and This can represent the supported Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) size. The time interval of the communication resources can be organized according to radio frames, each with a specified duration (e.g., 10 milliseconds (ms)). Each radio frame can be identified by a System Frame Number (SFN) (e.g., ranging from 0 to 1023).

[0153] Each frame may include multiple consecutively numbered subframes or time slots, and each subframe or time slot may have the same duration. In some aspects, a frame may (e.g., in the time domain) be divided into subframes, and each subframe may be further divided into a number of time slots. Alternatively, each frame may include a variable number of time slots, and the number of time slots may depend on the subcarrier spacing. Each time slot may include a number of symbol periods (e.g., depending on the length of the cyclic prefix appended to each symbol period). In some wireless communication systems 100, time slots may be further divided into multiple micro-time slots associated with one or more symbols. Excluding the cyclic prefix, each symbol period may be associated with one or more (e.g., The duration of a symbol period is associated with a (number) sampling period. The duration of a symbol period can depend on the subcarrier spacing or the operating frequency band.

[0154] A subframe, time slot, micro-time slot, or symbol can be the smallest scheduling unit of the wireless communication system 100 (e.g., in the time domain) and can be referred to as a transmission time interval (TTI). In some aspects, the duration of the TTI (e.g., the number of symbol periods in the TTI) can be variable. Additionally or alternatively, the smallest scheduling unit of the wireless communication system 100 can be dynamically selected (e.g., in a burst of shortened TTIs (sTTIs)).

[0155] Depending on the technology, carriers can be used to multiplex physical channels for communication. One or more of Time Division Multiplexing (TDM), Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM), or hybrid TDM-FDM techniques can be used, for example, to multiplex physical control channels and physical data channels for signaling via a downlink carrier. The control region (e.g., control resource set (CORESET)) of the physical control channel can be defined by a set of symbol periods and can extend across the system bandwidth of the carrier or a subset of that bandwidth. One or more control regions (e.g., CORESET) can be configured for a set of UEs 115. For example, one or more UEs in UE 115 can monitor or search for control regions to obtain control information based on one or more search space sets, and each search space set can include one or more control channel candidates in one or more aggregation levels arranged in a concatenated manner. The aggregation level of control channel candidates can refer to the amount of control channel resources (e.g., control channel elements (CCEs)) associated with coded information for a control information format having a given payload size. The search space set may include: a common search space set configured to transmit control information to multiple UEs 115, and a UE-specific search space set used to transmit control information to a specific UE 115.

[0156] Network entity 105 may provide communication coverage via one or more cells (e.g., macro cells, small cells, hotspots, or other types of cells, or any combination thereof). The term "cell" may refer to a logical communication entity used (e.g., using a carrier) to communicate with network entity 105 and may be associated with an identifier used to distinguish adjacent cells (e.g., Physical Cell Identifier (PCID), Virtual Cell Identifier (VCID), or other identifier). In some aspects, a cell may also refer to a coverage area 110 or a portion of coverage area 110 (e.g., a sector) on which a logical communication entity operates. Depending on various factors such as the capabilities of network entity 105, the range of such cells may be from smaller areas (e.g., structures, subsets of structures) to larger areas. For example, a cell may be a building, a subset of buildings, or external space between or overlapping coverage areas 110, or may include buildings, subsets of buildings, or external space between or overlapping coverage areas.

[0157] Macro cells typically cover a relatively large geographical area (e.g., a radius of several kilometers) and allow unrestricted access to UE 115 that has a service subscription with a network provider supporting the macro cell. In contrast, small cells may be associated with a lower-power network entity 105 (e.g., a lower-power base station 140) and may operate using the same or different (e.g., licensed, unlicensed) frequency bands as macro cells. Small cells may provide unrestricted access to UE 115 that has a service subscription with a network provider, or restricted access to UE 115 associated with a small cell (e.g., UE 115 in a closed subscriber group (CSG), or UE 115 associated with a user in a home or office). Network entity 105 may support one or more cells and may also use one or more component carriers to support communication via one or more cells.

[0158] In some respects, a carrier can support multiple cells and can be configured with different cells based on different protocol types that can provide access for different types of devices (e.g., MTC, Narrowband IoT (NB-IoT), Enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB)).

[0159] In some aspects, network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140, RU 170) may be mobile, and thus provide communication coverage to mobile coverage areas 110. In some aspects, while different coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies may overlap, different coverage areas 110 may be supported by the same network entity 105. In some other examples, overlapping coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies may be supported by different network entities 105. The wireless communication system 100 may include, for example, a heterogeneous network in which different types of network entities 105 use the same or different radio access technologies to provide coverage for various coverage areas 110.

[0160] The wireless communication system 100 can support synchronous or asynchronous operation. For synchronous operation, network entities 105 (e.g., base station 140) can have similar frame timings, and transmissions from different network entities 105 can be approximately time-aligned. For asynchronous operation, network entities 105 can have different frame timings, and in some respects, transmissions from different network entities 105 can be time-disaligned. The techniques described herein can be used for both synchronous and asynchronous operation.

[0161] Some UE 115 devices (such as MTC or IoT devices) can be low-cost or low-complexity devices and can provide automated communication between machines (e.g., via machine-to-machine (M2M) communication). M2M communication or MTC can refer to data communication technologies that allow devices to communicate with each other or with network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140) without human intervention. In some aspects, M2M communication or MTC may include communication from devices with integrated sensors or meters to measure or capture information and relay such information to a central server or application that uses the information or presents it to people interacting with the application. Some UE 115 devices may be designed to collect information or enable automated behavior of machines or other devices. Examples of applications for MTC devices include: smart metering, inventory monitoring, water level monitoring, equipment monitoring, healthcare monitoring, wildlife monitoring, weather and geographic event monitoring, queue management and tracking, remote security sensing, physical access control, and transaction-based commercial toll collection.

[0162] Some UEs 115 can be configured to operate in a power-saving mode, such as half-duplex communication (e.g., a mode that supports unidirectional communication via transmission or reception but not concurrent transmission and reception). In some aspects, half-duplex communication can be performed at a reduced peak rate. Other power-saving techniques for UEs 115 include: entering a power-saving deep sleep mode when not engaged in active communication, operating with limited bandwidth (e.g., according to narrowband communication), or a combination of these techniques. For example, some UEs 115 can be configured to operate using a narrowband protocol type associated with a defined portion or range (e.g., a set of subcarriers or resource blocks (RBs)) within a carrier, within a carrier's guard band, or outside a carrier.

[0163] Wireless communication system 100 may be configured to support ultra-reliable communication or low-latency communication, or various combinations thereof. For example, wireless communication system 100 may be configured to support ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC). UE 115 may be designed to support ultra-reliable or low-latency or critical functions. Ultra-reliable communication may include private or group communication and may be supported by one or more services, such as push-to-talk, video, or data. Support for ultra-reliable, low-latency functions may include prioritization of services, and such services may be used for public safety or general business applications. The terms “ultra-reliable,” “low-latency,” and “ultra-reliable low-latency” are used interchangeably herein.

[0164] In some aspects, UE 115 may be configured to support direct communication with other UE 115s via device-to-device (D2D) communication link 135 (e.g., according to peer-to-peer (P2P), D2D, or sidelink protocols). In some aspects, one or more UEs 115s performing D2D communication in a group may be within the coverage area 110 of network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140, RU 170), which may support aspects of such D2D communication configured (e.g., scheduled) by network entity 105. In some aspects, one or more UEs 115s in such a group may be outside the coverage area 110 of network entity 105, or may otherwise be unable or not configured to receive transmissions from network entity 105. In some aspects, the group of UEs 115s communicating via D2D communication may support a one-to-many (1:M) system, wherein each UE 115 transmits to every other UE 115 in the group. In some respects, network entity 105 can facilitate the scheduling of resources for D2D communication. In some other examples, D2D communication can be performed between UEs 115 without involving network entity 105.

[0165] In some systems, the D2D communication link 135 may be an example of a communication channel (such as a sidelink communication channel) between vehicles (e.g., UE 115). In some aspects, vehicles may communicate using vehicle-to-vehicle (V2X) communication, vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication, or some combination of these. Vehicles may signal information related to traffic conditions, signaling, weather, safety, emergencies, or any other information relevant to the V2X system. In some aspects, vehicles in a V2X system may communicate with roadside infrastructure such as roadside units, or communicate with the network via one or more network nodes (e.g., network entity 105, base station 140, RU 170) using vehicle-to-network (V2N) communication, or with both.

[0166] Core network 130 provides user authentication, access authorization, tracking, Internet Protocol (IP) connectivity, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. Core network 130 can be an evolved packet core (EPC) or a 5G core (5GC), which may include at least one control plane entity (e.g., a mobility management entity (MME), access and mobility management function (AMF)) for managing access and mobility, and at least one user plane entity (e.g., a serving gateway (S-GW), packet data network (PDN) gateway (P-GW), or user plane function (UPF)) for routing packets or interconnecting to external networks. The control plane entity manages non-access stratum (NAS) functions, such as mobility, authentication, and bearer management of UE 115 served by network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140) associated with core network 130. User IP packets can be delivered through the user plane entity, which provides IP address allocation and other functions. The user plane entity may connect to one or more network operator IP services 150. IP services 150 may include access to the Internet, intranets, IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), or packet-switched streaming services.

[0167] Wireless communication system 100 can operate using one or more frequency bands in the range of 300 MHz to 300 GHz. Generally, the area from 300 MHz to 3 GHz is referred to as the Ultra High Frequency (UHF) band or decimeter band because the wavelength range is approximately one decimeter to one meter in length. UHF waves may be blocked or redirected by buildings and environmental features (which may be referred to as clusters), but these waves are sufficient to penetrate structures so that macrocells can provide service to UE 115 located indoors. Compared to communication using smaller frequencies and longer wavelengths in the lower frequency (HF) or very high frequency (VHF) portions of the spectrum below 300 MHz, communication using UHF waves can be associated with smaller antennas and shorter ranges (e.g., less than 100 km).

[0168] The wireless communication system 100 can also operate in the Ultra High Frequency (SHF) band (also known as the centimeter band) in the range of 3 GHz to 30 GHz or in the Extremely High Frequency (EHF) band (e.g., 30 GHz to 300 GHz) (also known as the millimeter band) using the spectrum. In some aspects, the wireless communication system 100 can support millimeter-wave (mmW) communication between the UE 115 and the network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140, RU 170), and the EHF antennas of the corresponding devices can be smaller and more closely spaced compared to UHF antennas. In some aspects, such techniques facilitate the use of antenna arrays within the device. However, compared to SHF or UHF transmission, EHF transmission may experience even greater attenuation and a shorter range. The techniques disclosed herein can be adopted for transmission across one or more different frequency bands, and the frequency band usage specified across these frequency bands may vary by country or regulatory authority.

[0169] Wireless communication system 100 may utilize both licensed and unlicensed RF spectrum bands. For example, wireless communication system 100 may use unlicensed bands (such as the 5 GHz Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) band) to employ Licensed Assisted Access (LAA), LTE-Unlicensed (LTE-U) radio access technology, or NR technology. When operating with unlicensed RF spectrum, devices such as network entity 105 and UE 115 may employ carrier sensing for collision detection and avoidance. In some aspects, operation using unlicensed bands may be combined with component carriers operating with licensed bands based on carrier aggregation configurations (e.g., LAA). Operation using unlicensed spectrum may include downlink transmission, uplink transmission, P2P transmission, or D2D transmission, etc.

[0170] Network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140, RU 170) or UE 115 may be equipped with multiple antennas that can be used to employ techniques such as transmit diversity, receive diversity, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication, or beamforming. The antennas of network entity 105 or UE 115 may be located within one or more antenna arrays or antenna panels, which can support MIMO operation or transmit or receive beamforming. For example, one or more base station antennas or antenna arrays may be co-located at an antenna assembly (such as an antenna tower). In some aspects, the antennas or antenna arrays associated with network entity 105 may be located at different geographical locations. Network entity 105 may include an antenna array having a collection of multiple rows and columns of antenna ports that network entity 105 can use to support beamforming for communication with UE 115. Similarly, UE 115 may include one or more antenna arrays that can support various MIMO or beamforming operations. Additionally or alternatively, the antenna panel may support RF beamforming for signals transmitted via the antenna ports.

[0171] Network entity 105 or UE 115 can use MIMO communication to leverage multipath signal propagation and improve spectral efficiency by transmitting or receiving multiple signals via different spatial layers. This technique is known as spatial multiplexing. The multiple signals can be transmitted, for example, by a transmitting device via different antennas or different combinations of antennas. Similarly, the multiple signals can be received by a receiving device via different antennas or different combinations of antennas. Each of the multiple signals can be referred to as a separate spatial stream and can carry information associated with the same data stream (e.g., the same codeword) or different data streams (e.g., different codewords). Different spatial layers can be associated with different antenna ports used for channel measurement and reporting. MIMO techniques include: single-user MIMO (SU-MIMO), where multiple spatial layers are transmitted to the same receiving device; and multi-user MIMO (MU-MIMO), where multiple spatial layers are transmitted to multiple devices.

[0172] Beamforming (also known as spatial filtering, directional transmission, or directional reception) is a signal processing technique that can be used at a transmitting or receiving device (e.g., network entity 105, UE 115) to shape or guide an antenna beam (e.g., a transmit beam, a receive beam) along a spatial path between the transmitting and receiving devices. Beamforming can be achieved by combining signals transmitted via antenna elements of an antenna array such that some signals propagating along a specific orientation relative to the antenna array experience constructive interference, while other signals experience destructive interference. Adjustments to the signals transmitted via the antenna elements may include applying amplitude shifts, phase shifts, or both to the signals carried via the antenna elements associated with the device by the transmitting or receiving device. The adjustments associated with each of these antenna elements may be defined by a beamforming weight set associated with a specific orientation (e.g., relative to the antenna array of the transmitting or receiving device or relative to some other orientation).

[0173] Network entity 105 or UE 115 may use beam scanning technology as part of beamforming operations. For example, network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140, RU 170) may use multiple antennas or antenna arrays (e.g., antenna panels) to perform beamforming operations for directional communication with UE 115. Some signals (e.g., synchronization signals, reference signals, beam selection signals, or other control signals) may be transmitted multiple times by network entity 105 in different directions. For example, network entity 105 may transmit signals according to different beamforming weight sets associated with different transmission directions. Beam directions may be identified (e.g., by a transmitting device (such as network entity 105) or by a receiving device (such as UE 115)) by transmission along different beam directions for later transmission or reception by network entity 105.

[0174] Some signals (such as data signals associated with a specific receiving device) may be transmitted by a transmitting device (e.g., transmitting network entity 105, transmitting UE 115) along a single beam direction (e.g., the direction associated with a receiving device (such as receiving network entity 105 or receiving UE 115). In some aspects, the beam direction associated with transmission along a single beam direction may be determined based on the signals transmitted along one or more beam directions. For example, UE 115 may receive one or more signals transmitted by network entity 105 in different directions and may report to network entity 105 an indication of signals received by UE 115 with the highest signal quality or other acceptable signal quality.

[0175] In some aspects, transmissions performed by a device (e.g., by network entity 105 or UE 115) may be performed using multiple beam directions, and the device may use a combination of digital pre-decoding or beamforming to generate a combined beam for transmission (e.g., from network entity 105 to UE 115). UE 115 may report feedback indicating pre-decoding weights for one or more beam directions, and this feedback may correspond to a beam set configured across the system bandwidth or one or more subbands. Network entity 105 may transmit reference signals (e.g., cell-specific reference signals (CRS), channel state information reference signals (CSI-RS)) that may or may not be pre-decoded. UE 115 may provide feedback for beam selection, which may be a pre-decoding matrix indicator (PMI) or codebook-based feedback (e.g., multi-panel codebook, linear combination codebook, port selection codebook). Although these techniques are described with reference to signals transmitted by network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140, RU 170) along one or more directions, UE 115 may use similar techniques to transmit signals multiple times along different directions (e.g., to identify the beam direction used by UE 115 for subsequent transmission or reception), or to transmit signals along a single direction (e.g., to transmit data to a receiving device).

[0176] A receiving device (e.g., UE 115) may perform reception operations according to multiple reception configurations (e.g., directional listening) when receiving various signals (such as synchronization signals, reference signals, beam selection signals, or other control signals) from a transmitting device (e.g., network entity 105). For example, the receiving device may perform reception according to multiple reception directions by: receiving via different antenna subarrays; processing the received signal according to different antenna subarrays; receiving according to different sets of reception beamforming weights (e.g., different directional listening weight sets) applied to signals received at multiple antenna elements of the antenna array; or processing the received signal according to different sets of reception beamforming weights applied to signals received at multiple antenna elements of the antenna array. Any of these operations may be referred to as “listening” according to different reception configurations or reception directions. In some aspects, the receiving device may use a single reception configuration to receive along a single beam direction (e.g., when a data signal is received). A single receiver configuration can be aligned along a beam direction determined based on listening according to different receiver configuration directions (e.g., a beam direction determined to have the highest signal strength, highest signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), or other acceptable signal quality based on listening according to multiple beam directions).

[0177] The wireless communication system 100 can be a packet-based network operating according to a layered protocol stack. In the user plane, communication at the bearer or PDCP layer can be IP-based. The RLC layer performs packet segmentation and reassembly for transmission via logical channels. The MAC layer performs priority processing and multiplexing of logical channels to transport channels. The MAC layer can also implement error detection, error correction, or both to support retransmission and improve link efficiency. In the control plane, the RRC layer can provide the establishment, configuration, and maintenance of RRC connections between the UE 115 and network entity 105 or core network 130 supporting user plane data radio bearers. The PHY layer maps transport channels to physical channels.

[0178] UE 115 and network entity 105 can support data retransmission to increase the likelihood of successful data reception. Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) feedback is a technique used to increase the likelihood of correctly receiving data via communication links (e.g., communication link 125, D2D communication link 135). HARQ may include a combination of error detection (e.g., using Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC)), forward error correction (FEC), and retransmission (e.g., Automatic Repeat Request (ARQ)). HARQ can improve throughput at the MAC layer under poor radio conditions (e.g., low signal-to-noise ratio conditions). In some aspects, the device can support same-slot HARQ feedback, in which case the device can provide HARQ feedback in a specific time slot for data received via a previous symbol in that time slot. In some other examples, the device can provide HARQ feedback in subsequent time slots or according to a different time interval.

[0179] For example, UE 115 can communicate with network entity 105 using one or more beams and can participate in the beam refinement process with network entity 105. UE 115 can send a request to switch between beam refinement schemes, where a first beam refinement scheme is based on actual reference signal measurements and a second beam refinement scheme is based on virtual reference signal measurements (e.g., predicted reference signal measurements). Network entity 105 can respond to an acknowledgment or rejection request, and UE 115 and network entity 105 can operate in either the first or second beam refinement scheme.

[0180] Figure 2 An example of a wireless communication system 200 is shown that adapts the reporting of an actual beam refinement prediction report initiated by a UE to the reporting of a virtual beam refinement prediction report initiated by the UE, in accordance with one or more aspects of this disclosure.

[0181] The wireless communication system 200 may include network entity 105-a, which may be an example of one or more network entities discussed with respect to the other figures. The wireless communication system 200 may include UE 115-a, which may be an example of a UE discussed with respect to the other figures. In some aspects, network entity 105-a may be referred to as a second network entity.

[0182] In some respects, UE 115-a may be located in a geographic coverage area 110-a that may be associated with network entity 105-a. Network entity 105-a and UE 115-a may communicate via one or more downlink communication links 205-a and one or more uplink communication links 205-b. In some respects, UE 115-a may be referred to as a first network entity.

[0183] In wireless communication, UE 115-a and network entity 105-a may participate in a beam selection process to determine one or more beams to be used for communication. In some aspects, the beam selection process may involve various phases. For example, the beam refinement process may include a beam selection phase (e.g., phase P1), in which network entity 105-a, UE 115-a, or both, scan different wide beams and communicate reporting information to determine one or more beams to be used for communication. The beam refinement process may include a phase P2, in which network entity 105-a and UE 115-a participate in the beam refinement process to refine one or more transmit beams for network entity 105-a, wherein UE 115-a reports its selection of one or more beams to be used for communication to network entity 105-a. The beam refinement process may include a P2 phase, in which network entity 105-a scans through a narrow beam (e.g., associated with a wide beam selected from the P1 phase), and UE 115-a reports to network entity 105-a the selection of one or more beams to be used for communication. The beam refinement process may include a P3 phase, in which network entity 105-a transmits a fixed beam (e.g., no beam scanning), and UE 115-a refines one or more receive beams.

[0184] In such beam selection or beam refinement processes, UE 115-a can better identify opportunities for beam fine-tuning (e.g., for P2 purposes, P3 purposes, or both). Therefore, UE-triggered or initiated beam refinement may be desirable. To this end, UE 115-a, network entity 105-a, or both may operate under different beam refinement schemes at different times, and may switch between different beam refinement schemes depending on one or more processes, operations, or structures.

[0185] For example, in the first beam refinement scheme, UE 115-a may request the transmission of reference signals (e.g., CSI-RS) associated with the number of repetitions of the reference signal to complete beam refinement on demand. In this case, UE 115-a may not have or be aware of the following information: the "parent-child" relationship, quasi-co-location relationship, or other relationship between the first reference signal 220 (e.g., which may be SSB signaling or other wide-beam signaling) and the second reference signal 225 (e.g., which may be CSI-RS signaling or other narrow-beam signaling) transmitted by network entity 105-a. Therefore, UE 115-a may identify or predict (e.g., via AI or ML) the possibility that a narrow-beam reference signal in the set of narrow-beam reference signals (i.e., CSI-RS) under a wide-beam signal (i.e., SSB, such as the serving SSB) is about to be switched to an alternative narrow-beam reference signal. In response, UE 115-a may send a request to network entity 105-a for the transmission of a narrow-beam reference signal so that the identification or prediction can be verified or refined. This approach may be adopted where network entity 105-a does not convey such "parent-child" information, quasi-colocation information, or other information regarding one or more relationships between the first reference signal 220 and the second reference signal 225. UE 115-a may send reporting information 240 that indicates the first reference signal 220 (e.g., reporting information 240 may be based on actual measurements of the first reference signal 220). In some aspects, actual measurements may be measurements of transmissions, messages, or other signaling received or transmitted via a wireless channel. Such actual measurements may be historical measurements, which may include one or more past measurements, one or more current measurements, or both. In some aspects, actual measurements may be compared with predicted measurements, wherein (in some aspects) one or more values ​​of the measurement metric may be predicted based on one or more factors (e.g., one or more factors as described herein). In some respects, predictive measurements can be calculated, predicted, selected, or otherwise obtained without performing actual measurements of the transmission, message, or other signaling to be predicted.

[0186] In the second beam refinement scheme, UE 115-a may possess or know information about such a "parent-child" relationship or quasi-co-location relationship between the first reference signal 220 and the second reference signal 225 transmitted by network entity 105-a. Therefore, UE 115-a may identify, select, or predict (e.g., via AI or ML) one or more beams associated with the second reference signal 225 and report the identification, selection, or prediction to network entity 105-a. For example, UE 115-a may send prediction information 245 to network entity 105-a, and prediction information 245 may indicate the predicted measurement of virtual resource 250 (e.g., opposite to the actual measurement of the first reference signal 220), the relationship between the first reference signal 220 and the second reference signal 225 (e.g., quasi-co-location, parent-child, or other relationships), or any combination thereof. In this case, network entity 105-a may not actually transmit the second reference signal for actual measurement or refinement. Using such a scheme can reduce overhead, latency, transmit power used, receive power used, or any combination thereof at network entity 105-a, UE 115-a, or both.

[0187] Depending on the scenario in which network entity 105-a and UE 115-a are operating, one scenario or another may be more desirable. Therefore, network entity 105-a, UE 115-a, or both may participate in one or more processes for switching between a first scenario, a second scenario, one or more other scenarios, or any combination thereof.

[0188] In a wide range of examples, UE 115-a may not possess or be aware of information regarding the "parent-child" relationship between the first reference signal 220 and the second reference signal 225. In such cases, a first beam refinement scheme may be desired. During operation under the first beam refinement scheme, UE 115-a may identify, determine, or otherwise obtain information regarding the "parent-child," quasi-co-location, or other relationships between the first reference signal 220 and the second reference signal 225. Therefore, UE 115-a may send a request 230 to network entity 105-a to switch operation to the second beam refinement scheme. In some respects, the identification, determination, or acquisition of information regarding "parent-child" relationships, quasi-co-location relationships, or other relationship information may be based on: tuning or modifying an AI or ML model using updated parameters (e.g., the identified, selected, or acquired "parent-child" relationship, quasi-co-location relationship, other relationship information, other inputs, or any combination thereof) as input, or based on: selecting a different AI or ML model that may be more suitable for the communication scenario or (e.g., as determined by the first beam refinement scheme) the "parent-child" relationship, quasi-co-location relationship information, or other relationship information. Signaling between network entity 105-a and UE 115-a can support such operations.

[0189] For example, UE 115-a and network entity 105-a may be able to operate under a first beam refinement scheme and a second beam refinement scheme. In the first beam refinement scheme, UE 115-a may receive a first reference signal 220 from network entity 105-a, which may be quasi-co-located with a second reference signal 225, or may be associated with or related to the second reference signal 225 in one or more other ways. However, in the first beam refinement scheme, UE 115-a may not be aware of the parent-child relationship, quasi-co-location relationship, or other relationship between the first reference signal 220 and the second reference signal 225. For example, the second reference signal 225 may be a wide-beam signal (e.g., SSB signaling), and the first reference signal 220 may be a narrow-beam signal (e.g., CSI-RS signaling), but UE 115-a may not be aware of the quasi-co-location relationship, parent-child relationship, or other relationship associated with the beams of the first reference signal 220 and the second reference signal 225. Therefore, UE 115-a can perform actual measurements of the first reference signal 220 sent by network entity 105-a, and can also send report information 240 based on the actual measurements of the actually sent first reference signal 220.

[0190] In the second beam refinement scheme, UE 115-a knows or possesses information about parent-child relationships, quasi-co-location relationships, or other relationships. Therefore, UE 115-a can (e.g., via AI, ML, one or more other methods, or any combination thereof) determine, calculate, select, or otherwise obtain one or more predicted measurements of virtual resource 250 (e.g., opposite to the actual measurement of the first reference signal 220 as obtained in the first beam refinement scheme), which can be mapped to the first reference signal 220 (e.g., via mapping 255). In some aspects, the prediction information 245 sent by UE 115-a to network entity 105-a can be based on predicted measurements, parent-child relationships, quasi-co-location relationships, or other relationships, reception of the actual reference signal via the second beam set, measurement of the actual reference signal via the second beam set, or any combination thereof.

[0191] During communication, UE 115-a may determine whether to switch between beam refinement schemes. UE 115-a may send request 230 to network entity 105-a, and network entity 105-a may respond by sending response 235, which may acknowledge or reject request 230. If network entity 105-a rejects request 230, UE 115-a and network entity 105-a may continue to operate under the current beam refinement scheme (e.g., not the beam refinement scheme requested in request 230). However, if network entity 105-a acknowledges the request, UE 115-a and network entity 105-a may operate under the beam refinement scheme requested in request 230. In some cases, UE 115-a may request to operate under the first beam refinement scheme, and in other cases, UE 115-a may request to operate under the second beam refinement scheme (e.g., depending on the number of measurements performed under the first beam refinement scheme or the confidence level determined under the second beam refinement scheme that does not meet the confidence level threshold).

[0192] Figure 3 An example of adaptation scheme 300 is shown, which adapts the report of the actual beam refinement prediction report initiated by the UE to the report of the virtual beam refinement prediction report initiated by the UE in accordance with one or more aspects of this disclosure.

[0193] As described herein, a UE (which may also be referred to as a first network entity) and a network entity (which may also be referred to as a second network entity) can operate under a first beamfinding scheme such as first scheme 306 or a second beamfinding scheme such as second scheme 308, and can switch between the two schemes. To facilitate the handover between first scheme 306 and second scheme 308, the UE may send signaling to the network entity requesting operation under either first scheme 306 or second scheme 308, depending on the circumstances. The UE may then receive signaling from the network entity indicating whether the request is acknowledged or rejected. If the request is acknowledged, the UE and the network entity may begin operating in the requested scheme a certain amount of time (e.g., ms or time slot) after the network entity sends the acknowledgment. The time amount may be based on a predefined or set value, network entity configuration or signaling, UE capabilities, or any combination thereof. However, if the request is rejected, the UE and the network will continue operating in the scheme that was in use before or at the time of the request.

[0194] In a simplified example of the first scheme 306, the UE may send an uplink message (e.g., CSI signaling or MAC-CE signaling) to a network entity requesting the reception of a narrow beam reference signal 312 (e.g., CSI-RS) that is related to (e.g., type D quasi-co-addressable) a wide beam reference signal 314. The uplink message may include an identifier of the wide beam reference signal 314, a resource identifier of the wide beam reference signal 314, and a TCI status identifier whose quasi-co-addressable source is one or more wide beam reference signals within the wide beam reference signal 314. The UE may (e.g., based on further requests from the network entity) report one or more indications of the signal quality associated with the narrow beam reference signal 312 (e.g., L1-RSRP, L1-SINR, CRI, CQI, or any combination thereof).

[0195] In a simplified example of the second scheme 308, the UE may transmit a predicted indication of channel quality (e.g., predicted L1-RSRP, L1-SINR, the first K resources relative to a virtual resource set not actually transmitted by a network entity, or any combination thereof). In some aspects, the prediction may be based on measurements of the narrow-beam reference signal 312, the wide-beam reference signal 314, or one or more of both. In some aspects, the virtual resource set is based on the same spatial transmission filter used to transmit the narrow-beam reference signal 312 in the first scheme 306. In some aspects, the first K resources may be determined based on channel quality or strength indications such as L1-RSRP or L1-SINR.

[0196] In a more detailed example of the adaptation between the first scheme 306 and the second scheme 308, a network entity may be able to transmit both narrow-beam reference signal 312 and wide-beam reference signal 314 (e.g., which may be linked by association 310, which may include relationships such as parent-child, quasi-co-location, or other types of relationships), and some or all of the wide-beam reference signals 314 may each be associated with one or more narrow-beam reference signals 312 by a parent-child, quasi-co-location, or other relationship. For example, a single wide-beam reference signal 314 may be considered a "parent," and one or more narrow-beam reference signals 312 may be considered "children" of the "parent," because the beam of the wide-beam reference signal 314 can cover the spatial resources in which the beams of one or more narrow-beam reference signals 312 can be found. Other relationships (e.g., assignment relationships or resource relationships) may also be the basis for such a parent-child relationship.

[0197] In the first embodiment 306, the UE uses model 316 to obtain narrow beam prediction 322-a. Model 316 can be an AI model, an ML model, another model capable of generating narrow beam prediction 322-a, or any combination thereof. The UE may receive one or more wide beam reference signals 314 and measure, calculate, determine, or otherwise obtain wide beam measurement 318. In some aspects, the UE may obtain narrow beam prediction 322-a by using beam predictor 320-a, which may use wide beam measurement 318 as the basis for generating narrow beam prediction 322-a. For example, beam predictor 320-a may be a wide-to-narrow spatial beam predictor to generate narrow beam prediction 322-a. The UE may then select one or more narrow beams from narrow beam reference signals 312 to generate narrow beam selection 324 (e.g., based on narrow beam prediction 322-a). Narrow beam selection 324 may include one or more narrow beams that are predicted to satisfy one or more thresholds for quality, signal strength, bandwidth, throughput, one or more other metric thresholds, or any combination thereof.

[0198] In some respects, narrow beam selection 324 may be based on wide beam selection 330. Wide beam selection 330 may be obtained based on measurements of wide beam reference signal 314. For example, as shown, the non-serving wide beam reference signal 328 selected by wide beam selection 330 may have a measurement of 98 dBm, while the serving wide beam reference signal 326 may have a measurement of 95 dBm. Therefore, the non-serving wide beam reference signal 328 may be selected based on the increased signal strength compared to the serving wide beam reference signal 326 (e.g., in wide beam selection 330).

[0199] In some aspects, the UE may send a refinement request 332, which may indicate one or more wide-beam reference signals in the wide-beam reference signal 314 that require refinement. For example, such refinement may include the transmission of an actual narrow-beam reference signal 312 associated with the wide-beam reference signal 314 indicated in the wide-beam selection 330. In some aspects, the UE may participate in narrow-beam reception 334 and also in measurement reporting 336, wherein the UE may report actual measurements of the narrow-beam reference signals received in narrow-beam reception 334.

[0200] In some aspects, the UE may participate in ML model refinement 338, whereby the UE may attempt to determine, select, or otherwise obtain a more suitable model, such as refining model 340. In some aspects, refined model 340 may be a different model from model 316, or may be a different version of model 316 (e.g., a modified version of model 316). In some aspects, the UE may request a handover between first scheme 306 and second scheme 308 based on fine-tuning model 316 or refining model 340 (e.g., based on measurements taken in conjunction with first scheme 306) or based on identifying an appropriate model according to measurements taken in conjunction with first scheme 306. In some aspects, the basis for requesting a handover may be included in the handover request itself.

[0201] In some aspects, the UE may employ a refined model 340 in the second scheme 308. In the second scheme 308, the UE may use the refined model 340 to determine a narrow beam prediction 322-b based on a wide beam measurement 318 and by using a beam predictor 320-b. For example, the UE may calculate, predict, or otherwise obtain the narrow beam prediction 322-b, which may include a predicted signal quality measurement (e.g., RSRP measurement) of the narrow beams received in the narrow beam reception 334, which may be different from the number of beams predicted using model 316 in the first scheme 306. In some aspects, the operation of the refined model 340 may be similar to that of model 316, but since the models themselves may differ, the resulting narrow beam prediction 322-b may differ from the narrow beam prediction 322-a. The UE may calculate, select, or otherwise obtain a predicted measurement 342 based on the narrow beam prediction 322-b and may send 342-b / / to the network entity in a prediction report 344. In the second scheme 308, in some respects, predictive reports 344 can be made without using any actual measurements.

[0202] In some respects, ML model refinement 338 or other events can act as triggers for determining whether the UE should switch between the first scheme 306 and the second scheme 308 (e.g., in either direction). For example, in response to participating in ML model refinement 338, the UE may consider whether one or more conditions for switching between the first scheme 306 and the second scheme 308 are met. For example, if the UE is operating in the first scheme 306 and has performed a prediction quantity that meets a prediction quantity threshold, the UE may switch to operation in the second scheme 308. In another example, if the UE is operating in the second scheme 308 and the confidence level associated with the refinement model 340 or other models does not meet a confidence level threshold, the UE may switch to operation in the first scheme 306.

[0203] Figure 4 An example of an adaptation scheme 400 is shown, which adapts the report of the actual beam refinement prediction report initiated by the UE to the report of the virtual beam refinement prediction report initiated by the UE, in accordance with one or more aspects of this disclosure.

[0204] In adaptation scheme 400, the UE may participate in one or more processes for adaptation between a first scheme involving actual beam refinement and a second scheme involving virtual beam refinement, wherein such adaptation may involve using control signaling to send signal notification information between the UE and network entities.

[0205] At 410, in some cases, a second network entity (e.g., a gNB) may not disclose the beam association between the narrow beam reference signal and the wide beam reference signal to a first network entity (e.g., a UE). In some aspects, the willingness to disclose such beam associations can be configured for associated cells or BWPs.

[0206] At 420, the second network entity or gNB may send a narrow beam reference signal (e.g., CSI-RS) associated with or related to some wide beam reference signal (e.g., SSB or CSI-RS) to the first network entity based on a refinement request from the first network entity for the beam refinement process. This refinement request may be associated with a first operating scheme, which is related to actual beam refinement. Furthermore, a capability or willingness status for transmitting the narrow beam reference signal may be configured (e.g., via RRC) for the associated cell or BWP. Additionally or alternatively, the capability or willingness status may be dynamically signaled via MAC-CE signaling, DCI signaling, or any combination thereof. In some aspects, the signaling of the network entity may be based on receiving a resource identifier associated with the wide beam reference signal, the narrow beam reference signal, or both. Such a resource identifier may be associated with a cell, a BWP, or both.

[0207] In some aspects, a first operating scheme associated with actual beam refinement, a second operating scheme associated with virtual beam refinement, or both can be expressed or defined as an AI or ML functionality or capability. In some aspects, a second network entity can send an indication to itself of such a switching functionality or capability for switching between the first and second operating schemes, and a first network entity can send a request based on the indication of the switching functionality or capability.

[0208] In some respects, the first network entity may report (e.g., via control signaling, such as RRC signaling, MAC-CE signaling, DCI signaling, or any combination thereof) an identifier associated with the AI ​​or ML model used in conjunction with the first operating scheme. For example, in conjunction with the first operating scheme, the UE may use a model that may not perfectly match the relationship or association between the narrow-beam reference signal and the wide-beam reference signal, and the UE may report the identifier of the model being used to the network entity. Additionally or alternatively, the UE may report the identifier of the model or an updated or more suitable model to the network entity at any time.

[0209] At 430, the first network entity or UE may transmit a prediction indication of channel quality associated with the narrow beam reference signal (e.g., L1-RSRP, L1-SINR, the top K resources, or any combination thereof). In some aspects, such prediction indications may be associated with operations under a second operating scheme related to virtual beam refinement. The transmission of such predictions may be for an RRC configured for the associated cell, BWP, or both, or may be dynamically signaled via control signaling (such as MAC-CE signaling, DCI signaling, or both). In some aspects, the transmission of such predictions may be based on transmitting or receiving an indication of a narrow beam resource identifier associated with the cell, BWP, or both. In some aspects, the first network entity may transmit the prediction of the narrow beam reference signal based on an indication of handover functionality or capability.

[0210] In some respects, the first network entity may report (e.g., via control signaling, such as RRC signaling, MAC-CE signaling, DCI signaling, or any combination thereof) an identifier associated with the AI ​​or ML model used in conjunction with the second operating scheme. For example, as described at 420, the first network entity may use a first AI or ML model that may not adequately match the communication scenario. Therefore, the first network entity may identify an improved AI or ML model that better matches the communication scenario (e.g., the relationship between narrow-beam reference signals and wide-beam reference signals).

[0211] At 440, the first network entity or UE may request operation under a first operating scheme associated with actual beam refinement or a second operating scheme associated with virtual beam refinement. In some aspects, such a request may be based on control signaling associated with a cell, BWP, or both (e.g., RRC signaling, MAC-CE, signaling, DCI signaling, or any combination thereof). Additionally or alternatively, the request may be based on the UE's capabilities, which may be indicated during initial access. For example, the capabilities of a given UE may indicate a preference for initial operation in the first scheme and a subsequent determination of whether to switch to the second scheme. For operation in the first scheme, the request may be based on one or more selected wide beam reference signals (e.g., SSB, CSI-RS, or both) indicating signaling from the second network entity at 420. For operation in the second scheme, the request may be based on one or more selected narrow beam reference signals (e.g., CSI-RS) indicating signaling from the second network entity at 430. In some aspects, the first network entity may send a request to operate under an operating scheme based on one or more preferences or configurations for switching between operating schemes, signaled earlier by the first network entity. In some aspects, the first network entity may send a request to operate under a second operating scheme using an identified improved or more suitable AI or ML model, and the request may include an indication of the identified improved or more suitable AI or ML model.

[0212] At 450, the second network entity may acknowledge or reject the request sent by the first network entity at 440. In some aspects, acknowledgment or rejection may be sent based on the request sent by the first network entity at 440. In some aspects, the first network entity may initiate operations in a first operational scheme (e.g., as a result of an initial access procedure). In some aspects, instead of sending an indication for an improved or more suitable AI or ML model along with the request (e.g., at 440), the first network entity may send an indication for an improved or more suitable AI or ML model in response to receiving an acknowledgment or rejection of the request.

[0213] In some aspects, the second network entity can signal one or more relationships, connections, or associations between a narrow-beam reference signal and a set of virtual resources that can be used in a second operating scheme associated with virtual beam refinement. The first network entity can then use such relationships, associations, or connections to facilitate or verify the mapping from the narrow-beam reference signal (e.g., CSI-RS) used in the first operating scheme to the narrow-beam-based virtual resources used in the second operating scheme, determine the output order of one or more AI or ML models, or any combination thereof.

[0214] In some aspects, such signaling of association or linkage may include indicating the functionality, model identifier, or both of one or more models associated with the first operational scheme when activating the functionality or model identifier associated with the model used for the second operational scheme. In some such examples, the number of narrow-beam reference signals involved in the first operational scheme is the same as the number of resources in the virtual resource set involved in the second operational scheme, and the narrow-beam reference signals may be mapped to the virtual resource set.

[0215] In some aspects, the second operating scheme may include the transmission or reception of a report that may include UE prediction results (e.g., a CSI report). In some aspects, associated reporting settings (e.g., CSI report settings) may include one or more configurations or indications for a set of virtual resources, and these configurations may indicate one or more associated resource identifiers (e.g., CSI-RS resource identifiers) identified from the first operating scheme for one or more virtual resources involved in the second operating scheme. Additionally or alternatively, such information may be transmitted via control signaling (e.g., RRC signaling that may optionally include one or more parameters associated with the report, such as...). AssociatedReportConfigInfo It can be configured by ) or indicated by additional control signaling (e.g., MAC-CE signaling) for activation reporting.

[0216] Figure 5 An example of a process flow 500 is shown that adapts a report for an actual beam refinement prediction report initiated by a UE to a report for a virtual beam refinement prediction report initiated by the UE, in accordance with one or more aspects of this disclosure. Process flow 500 may implement various aspects of this disclosure described herein. Elements described in process flow 500 (e.g., first network entity 505 and second network entity 510) may be examples of similarly named elements described herein. In some aspects, first network entity 505 may be an example of a UE.

[0217] In the following description of process flow 500, operations between various entities or elements may be performed in different orders or at different times. Some operations may be omitted from process flow 500, or other operations may be added. Although various entities or elements are shown as performing operations of process flow 500, some aspects of some operations may also be performed by other entities or elements of process flow 500, or by entities or elements not depicted in the process flow, or any combination thereof.

[0218] At 520, the first network entity 505 may receive an indication that the relationship between the first beam set and the second beam set is not provided by the second network entity 510. In some respects, the relationship is a quasi-colocation relationship, a communication beam relationship, a linear combination relationship, or a parent-child relationship.

[0219] At point 525, the first network entity 505 may send an indication of its ability to switch between using a first beam refinement scheme and using a second beam refinement scheme, and the first request is sent based on the indication of the first network entity's capabilities. In some aspects, the indication of the first network entity's capabilities may include one or more functionalities associated with one or more machine learning models, the first beam refinement scheme, the second beam refinement scheme, or any combination thereof.

[0220] At point 530, the first network entity 505 may receive a verification message that confirms or rejects an indication of the capabilities of the first network entity.

[0221] At 535, the first network entity 505 may receive an indication of the ability of the second network entity 510 to switch between using a first beam refinement scheme and using a second beam refinement scheme, and the response is received based on the indication of the capabilities of the first network entity. In some aspects, the indication of the capabilities of the second network entity 510 may include one or more functionalities associated with one or more machine learning models, the first beam refinement scheme, the second beam refinement scheme, or any combination thereof.

[0222] At point 540, the first network entity 505 may send a first identifier of a first machine learning model associated with a first beam refinement scheme, a second identifier of a second machine learning model associated with a second beam refinement scheme, or any combination thereof. In some aspects, the first machine learning model, the second machine learning model, or both replace the corresponding prior machine learning model associated with the first or second beam refinement scheme.

[0223] At point 545, the first network entity 505 may send a first request for switching operations between a first beam refinement scheme and a second beam refinement scheme. The first beam refinement scheme may include: sending first report information indicating one or more beams in the first beam set that have a relationship with the second beam set, where the relationship is unknown to the first network entity, and wherein the first report information is based on actual reference signal measurements via the first beam set. The second beam refinement scheme may include: sending second report information indicating one or more beams in the first beam set, where the relationship is known to the first network entity, and wherein the second report information is based on predicted reference signal measurements of virtual resources associated with the first beam set, and the predicted reference signal measurements are based on the relationship and the actual reference signal measurements via the second beam set. In some aspects, the first request is a switch from operation in the first beam refinement scheme to operation in the second beam refinement scheme. In some aspects, the first request is based on measurements performed during operation in the first beam refinement scheme and on the identification or refinement of a machine learning model based on the measurements. In some respects, the first request includes instructions on whether the first request is based on an identifier of the machine learning model or on a more detailed description of the machine learning model.

[0224] At 550, the first network entity 505 may receive a response to the first request, and the response may instruct the second network entity 510 to acknowledge or reject the first request. In some aspects, along with the acknowledgment, the response includes an indication of the relationship between the first beam set and the virtual resource. In some aspects, the indication of the relationship is indicated by an association between a first machine learning model associated with the first beam refinement scheme and a second machine learning model associated with the second beam refinement scheme, or by an association between a reference signal resource identifier associated with the first beam set and a virtual resource identifier associated with the virtual resource, or any combination thereof. In some aspects, the indication of the relationship is included in a message from the second network entity 510, wherein the message configures or activates channel state information reporting at the first network entity.

[0225] At 555, the first network entity 505 may operate in either a first beam refinement scheme or a second beam refinement scheme based on a response. In some aspects, during the operation of the first network entity in the second beam refinement scheme, virtual resources and the first beam set share a common space transmission filter. In some aspects, to operate based on a response, the first network entity 505 may switch operation between the first and second beam refinement schemes based on a response including acknowledgment of a first request, and the switching occurs for a period of time after receiving the response, wherein this period of time is predefined, configured by the second network entity 510, or based on the capabilities of the first network entity. Additionally or alternatively, to operate based on a response, the first network entity 505 may maintain operation in either the first or second beam refinement scheme based on a response including rejection of the first request.

[0226] At point 560, the first network entity 505 may send a beam refinement request when operating in the first beam refinement scheme.

[0227] At 565, the first network entity 505 may receive one or more resource identifiers for a first beam set in response to a beam refinement request. In some aspects, the reception of one or more resource identifiers is based on control information provided by the second network entity 510, and the control information may instruct the second network entity 510 to transmit a narrow beam reference signal for refinement of a wider beam reference signal.

[0228] At point 570, the first network entity 505 may send a second request to the second network entity 510 to transmit a first set of reference signals via the first beam set during operation of the first beam refinement scheme. In some aspects, the second request may include an identifier indicating a second set of reference signals to be transmitted via the second beam set.

[0229] At point 575, the first network entity 505 may determine the first report information based on a first machine learning model. Additionally or alternatively, the first network entity 505 may determine the second report information based on a second machine learning model.

[0230] At 580, the first network entity 505 may send second report information based on control information provided by the second network entity 510 when operating in the second beam refinement scheme, and the control information may instruct the second network entity 510 to receive predictive reference signal measurements or predictive beam information based on predictive reference signal measurements.

[0231] Figure 6A block diagram 600 of a device 605 is shown illustrating the adaptation between a report supporting a UE-initiated actual beam refinement prediction report and a report supporting a UE-initiated virtual beam refinement prediction report, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure. Device 605 may be an example of various aspects of a UE 115 as described herein. Device 605 may include a receiver 610, a transmitter 615, and a communication manager 620. Device 605, or one or more components of device 605 (e.g., receiver 610, transmitter 615, and communication manager 620), may include at least one processor that can be coupled to at least one memory to individually or jointly support or implement the described techniques. Each of these components may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0232] Receiver 610 may provide components for receiving information (such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof) associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information channels related to the adaptation between reports of actual beam refinement prediction initiated to the UE and reports of virtual beam refinement prediction initiated to the UE). The information may be passed to other components of device 605. Receiver 610 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of multiple antennas.

[0233] Transmitter 615 may provide components for transmitting signals generated by other components of device 605. For example, transmitter 615 may transmit information (such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof) associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information channels related to the adaptation between reports of actual beam refinement prediction to the UE and reports of virtual beam refinement prediction to the UE). In some aspects, transmitter 615 may be co-located with receiver 610 in a transceiver module. Transmitter 615 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of multiple antennas.

[0234] The communication manager 620, receiver 610, transmitter 615, or various combinations thereof, or various components thereof, may be examples of components for adapting various aspects of performing the reporting of the actual beam refinement prediction report initiated by the UE and the reporting of the virtual beam refinement prediction report initiated by the UE as described herein. For example, the communication manager 620, receiver 610, transmitter 615, or various combinations thereof, or components thereof, may be able to perform one or more of the functions described herein.

[0235] In some aspects, the communication manager 620, receiver 610, transmitter 615, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., in communication management circuitry). The hardware may include at least one of the following: a processor, digital signal processor (DSP), central processing unit (CPU), application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, microcontroller, discrete gate or transistor logic component, discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof, configured as or otherwise individually or jointly to support components for performing the functions described herein. In some aspects, at least one processor and at least one memory coupled to said at least one processor may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., instructions stored in at least one memory are executed individually or jointly by one or more processors).

[0236] Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 620, receiver 610, transmitter 615, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in code executed by at least one processor (e.g., as communication management software or firmware). If implemented in code executed by at least one processor, the functionality of the communication manager 620, receiver 610, transmitter 615, or various combinations or components thereof may be performed by a general-purpose processor, DSP, CPU, ASIC, FPGA, microcontroller, or any combination of these or other programmable logic devices (e.g., configured as or otherwise individually or jointly to support components for performing the functions described in this disclosure).

[0237] In some respects, the communication manager 620 may be configured to use or otherwise cooperate with the receiver 610, transmitter 615, or both to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, acquiring, monitoring, outputting, transmitting). For example, the communication manager 620 may receive information from the receiver 610, transmit information to the transmitter 615, or be integrated in combination with the receiver 610, transmitter 615, or both to acquire information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.

[0238] The communication manager 620 may support wireless communication according to examples disclosed herein. For example, the communication manager 620 may be capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for transmitting a first request for switching operations between a first beam refinement scheme and a second beam refinement scheme. The communication manager 620 may be capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for receiving a response to the first request from a second network entity, wherein the response indicates acceptance or rejection of the first request. The communication manager 620 may be capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for operating according to either the first beam refinement scheme or the second beam refinement scheme based on the response. The communication manager 620 may be capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for: wherein the first beam refinement scheme includes the transmission of first report information indicating first beam information, the first beam information having a relationship with the second beam information, wherein the relationship is unknown to the first network entity, and wherein the first report information is based on first actual reference signal measurement information corresponding to the first beam information. The communication manager 620 is capable of, can be configured to, or is operable to support components for: wherein the second beam refinement scheme includes the transmission of second report information indicating at least a portion of the first beam information, wherein the relationship is known to the first network entity, wherein the second report information is based on predictive reference signal measurement information associated with the first beam information, and wherein the predictive reference signal measurement information is based on the relationship and on second actual reference signal measurement information corresponding to the second beam information.

[0239] By including or configuring a communication manager 620 according to an example as described herein, device 605 (e.g., controlling receiver 610, transmitter 615, communication manager 620, or a combination thereof, or at least one processor coupled thereto) can support techniques for reducing processing, lowering power consumption, more efficient use of communication resources, or any combination thereof.

[0240] Figure 7 A block diagram 700 illustrates a device 705 for adapting a UE-initiated actual beam refinement prediction report to a UE-initiated virtual beam refinement prediction report, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure. Device 705 may be an example of a device 605 as described herein or an aspect of a UE 115. Device 705 may include a receiver 710, a transmitter 715, and a communication manager 720. Device 705, or one or more components of device 705 (e.g., receiver 710, transmitter 715, and communication manager 720), may include at least one processor that may be coupled to at least one memory to support the described techniques. Each of these components may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0241] Receiver 710 may provide components for receiving information (such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof) associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information channels related to the adaptation between reports of actual beam refinement prediction initiated to the UE and reports of virtual beam refinement prediction initiated to the UE). The information may be passed to other components of device 705. Receiver 710 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of multiple antennas.

[0242] Transmitter 715 may provide components for transmitting signals generated by other components of device 705. For example, transmitter 715 may transmit information (such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof) associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to the adaptation between reports of actual beam refinement prediction to the UE and reports of virtual beam refinement prediction to the UE). In some aspects, transmitter 715 may be co-located with receiver 710 in a transceiver module. Transmitter 715 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of multiple antennas.

[0243] Device 705 or its various components may be examples of various aspects of the adaptation between reports for performing actual beam refinement prediction reports initiated by the UE and reports for virtual beam refinement prediction reports initiated by the UE, as described herein. For example, communication manager 720 may include request element 725, response element 730, operation element 735, first scheme element 740, second scheme element 745, or any combination thereof. Communication manager 720 may be examples of aspects of communication manager 620 as described herein. In some aspects, communication manager 720 or its various components may be configured to use or otherwise cooperate with receiver 710, transmitter 715, or both to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, acquiring, monitoring, outputting, transmitting). For example, communication manager 720 may receive information from receiver 710, transmit information to transmitter 715, or be integrated in combination with receiver 710, transmitter 715, or both to acquire information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.

[0244] The communication manager 720 may support wireless communication according to examples disclosed herein. The request element 725 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for sending a first request for switching operation between a first beam refinement scheme and a second beam refinement scheme. The response element 730 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for receiving a response to the first request from a second network entity, wherein the response indicates acceptance or rejection of the first request. The operation element 735 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for operating according to either the first or second beam refinement scheme based on the response. The first scheme element 740 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for: wherein the first beam refinement scheme includes the transmission of first report information indicating first beam information, the first beam information having a relationship with the second beam information, wherein the relationship is unknown to the first network entity, and wherein the first report information is based on first actual reference signal measurement information corresponding to the first beam information. The second scheme element 745 is capable of, can be configured to, or is operable to support components for: wherein the second beam refinement scheme includes the transmission of second reporting information indicating at least a portion of the first beam information, wherein the relationship is known to the first network entity, wherein the second reporting information is based on predictive reference signal measurement information associated with the first beam information, and wherein the predictive reference signal measurement information is based on the relationship and on second actual reference signal measurement information corresponding to the second beam information.

[0245] Figure 8 A block diagram 800 illustrates a communication manager 820 that adapts a UE-initiated actual beam refinement prediction report to a UE-initiated virtual beam refinement prediction report, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure. The communication manager 820 may be an example of a communication manager 620, a communication manager 720, or aspects thereof as described herein. The communication manager 820 or its various components may be examples of components for performing various aspects of adapting a UE-initiated actual beam refinement prediction report to a UE-initiated virtual beam refinement prediction report, as described herein. For example, the communication manager 820 may include a request element 825, a response element 830, an operation element 835, a first scheme element 840, a second scheme element 845, a scheme switching element 850, a machine learning element 855, a refinement element 860, a reporting element 865, a capability element 870, or any combination thereof. Each of these components, or its components or sub-components (e.g., one or more processors, one or more memories), may communicate directly or indirectly with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0246] The communication manager 820 may support wireless communication according to examples disclosed herein. The request element 825 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for sending a first request for switching operations between a first beam refinement scheme and a second beam refinement scheme. The response element 830 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for receiving a response to the first request from a second network entity, wherein the response indicates acceptance or rejection of the first request. The operation element 835 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for operating according to either the first or second beam refinement scheme based on the response. The first scheme element 840 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for: wherein the first beam refinement scheme includes the transmission of first report information indicating first beam information, the first beam information having a relationship with the second beam information, wherein the relationship is unknown to the first network entity, and wherein the first report information is based on first actual reference signal measurement information corresponding to the first beam information. The second scheme element 845 is capable of, can be configured to, or is operable to support components for: wherein the second beam refinement scheme includes the transmission of second reporting information indicating at least a portion of the first beam information, wherein the relationship is known to the first network entity, wherein the second reporting information is based on predictive reference signal measurement information associated with the first beam information, and wherein the predictive reference signal measurement information is based on the relationship and on second actual reference signal measurement information corresponding to the second beam information.

[0247] In some respects, the request element 825 is capable of, configured to, or able to operate to support components for transmitting a second request to a second network entity to transmit a first set of reference signals based on the first beam information during operation according to the first beam refinement scheme.

[0248] In some respects, the second request includes an identifier indicating a second set of reference signals transmitted according to the second beam information.

[0249] In some respects, during operation according to the second beam refinement scheme, the predicted reference signal measurement information and the first beam information are associated with the common space transmission filter.

[0250] In some aspects, after a period of time following the receipt of a response, a switching operation is performed between a first beam refinement scheme and a second beam refinement scheme based on the acceptance of the first request indicated by the response, wherein... In some aspects, the time period is predefined. In some aspects, the method further includes receiving information indicating the time period from a second network entity. In some aspects, the time period is based on the capabilities of the first network entity.

[0251] In some aspects, the response indicates a rejection of the first request. In some aspects, the method also includes operating according to a first beam refinement scheme or a second beam refinement scheme based on the rejection of the first request.

[0252] In some respects, the first request is to switch from operation according to the first beam refinement scheme to operation according to the second beam refinement scheme, and wherein the first request is based on: an identification of the machine learning model by the first network entity based on the first actual reference signal measurement information, or refinement of the machine learning model based on the first actual reference signal measurement information.

[0253] In some respects, the first request includes instructions on whether the first request is based on an identifier of the machine learning model or on a more detailed description of the machine learning model.

[0254] In some respects, the operating element 835 is capable of, can be configured to, or is operable to support components for receiving indications that the relationship between the first beam information and the second beam information is not provided by the second network entity.

[0255] In some aspects, the refinement element 860 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for transmitting a beam refinement request during operation according to the first beam refinement scheme. In some aspects, the refinement element 860 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for receiving one or more resource identifiers for the first beam information in response to a beam refinement request.

[0256] In some aspects, the reception of one or more resource identifiers is based on control information provided by a second network entity. In some aspects, the control information instructs the second network entity to transmit a narrow beam reference signal for refinement against a wider beam reference signal. In some aspects, the transmission of a beam refinement request is based on the control information.

[0257] In some respects, the reporting element 865 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for transmitting second reporting information based on control information provided by a second network entity during operation according to the second beam refinement scheme, wherein the control information instructs the second network entity to receive the second reporting information, the second reporting information being based on predictive reference signal measurement information or predictive beam information based on predictive reference signal measurement information.

[0258] In some respects, capability element 870 is capable of, configured to, or able to operate to support components for sending instructions on capability information, wherein the capability information indicates the capability of a first network entity to switch between operation according to a first beam refinement scheme and operation according to a second beam refinement scheme, wherein sending a first request includes sending a first request based on the capability information.

[0259] In some respects, capability element 870 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for receiving an acceptance or rejection verification message indicating an indication of capability to a first network entity.

[0260] In some respects, capability information indicates one or more capabilities of a first network entity to operate according to one or more machine learning models, a first beam refinement scheme, a second beam refinement scheme, or any combination thereof.

[0261] In some respects, capability element 870 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for receiving indications of capability information, wherein the capability information indicates the capability of a second network entity to switch between operation according to a first beam refinement scheme and operation according to a second beam refinement scheme, wherein the response is based on the reception of capability information.

[0262] In some respects, capability information indicates one or more capabilities of a second network entity to operate according to one or more machine learning models, a first beam refinement scheme, a second beam refinement scheme, or any combination thereof.

[0263] In some respects, the machine learning element 855 is capable of, configured to, or operated to support components for transmitting a first identifier of a first machine learning model associated with a first beam refinement scheme, a second identifier of a second machine learning model associated with a second beam refinement scheme, or any combination thereof.

[0264] In some respects, at least one of the first or second machine learning models replaces the corresponding prior machine learning model associated with the first or second beam refinement scheme.

[0265] In some aspects, the response indicates acceptance of the first request, and the response includes an indication of the correspondence between the first beam information and the virtual resource associated with the predictive reference signal measurement information.

[0266] In some respects, the indication of this correspondence is indicated by the association between a first machine learning model associated with a first beam refinement scheme and a second machine learning model associated with a second beam refinement scheme, or by the association between a reference signal resource identifier associated with the first beam information and a virtual resource identifier associated with the virtual resource, or any combination thereof.

[0267] In some respects, the response element 830 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for receiving messages from the second network entity that configure or activate channel state information reports at the first network entity.

[0268] In some aspects, the machine learning element 855 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for determining first report information based on a first machine learning model. In some aspects, the machine learning element 855 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for determining second report information based on a second machine learning model.

[0269] In some respects, the first actual reference signal measurement information and the second actual reference signal measurement information are the same actual reference signal measurement information.

[0270] In some respects, relationships include quasi-colocation relationships, communication beam relationships, linear combination relationships, parent-child relationships, or any combination thereof.

[0271] Figure 9 A diagram illustrating a system 900 comprising device 905, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, including adaptation between a report supporting actual beam refinement prediction for a UE and a report supporting virtual beam refinement prediction for a UE. Device 905 may be an example of device 605, device 705, or UE 115 as described herein, or may include components thereof. Device 905 may communicate with one or more network entities 105, one or more UEs 115, or any combination thereof (e.g., wirelessly). Device 905 may include components for bidirectional voice and data communication, including components for transmitting and receiving communications, such as a communication manager 920, an input / output (I / O) controller 910, a transceiver 915, an antenna 925, at least one memory 930, code 935, and at least one processor 940. These components may communicate electronically or otherwise (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more buses (e.g., bus 945).

[0272] I / O controller 910 manages the input and output signals of device 905. I / O controller 910 can also manage peripheral devices not integrated into device 905. In some cases, I / O controller 910 may represent a physical connection or port to an external peripheral device. In some cases, I / O controller 910 may utilize an operating system such as iOS. ® ANDROID ® MS-DOS ® MS-WINDOWS ® OS / 2 ® UNIX ® LINUX ®Alternatively, it may be another known operating system. Additionally or alternatively, the I / O controller 910 may represent or interact with a modem, keyboard, mouse, touchscreen, or similar device. In some cases, the I / O controller 910 may be implemented as part of one or more processors, such as at least one processor 940. In some cases, a user may interact with the device 905 via the I / O controller 910 or via hardware components controlled by the I / O controller 910.

[0273] In some cases, device 905 may include a single antenna 925. However, in other cases, device 905 may have more than one antenna 925, which may be capable of concurrently transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions. Transceiver 915 may communicate bidirectionally via one or more antennas 925, a wired or wireless link as described herein. For example, transceiver 915 may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicate bidirectionally with another wireless transceiver. Transceiver 915 may also include a modem for: modulating packets; providing the modulated packets to one or more antennas 925 for transmission; and demodulating packets received from one or more antennas 925. Transceiver 915, or transceiver 915 and one or more antennas 925, may be an example of transmitter 615, transmitter 715, receiver 610, receiver 710, or any combination thereof or components thereof as described herein.

[0274] At least one memory 930 may include random access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM). At least one memory 930 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code 935, including instructions that, when executed by at least one processor 940, cause device 905 to perform the various functions described herein. Code 935 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or another type of memory. In some cases, code 935 may not be directly executable by at least one processor 940, but may enable a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform the functions described herein. In some cases, among other things, at least one memory 930 may also include a basic I / O system (BIOS) that controls basic hardware or software operations, such as interaction with peripheral components or devices.

[0275] At least one processor 940 may include intelligent hardware devices (e.g., general-purpose processors, DSPs, CPUs, microcontrollers, ASICs, FPGAs, programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic components, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof). In some cases, at least one processor 940 may be configured to use a memory controller to operate a memory array. In some other cases, the memory controller may be integrated into at least one processor 940. At least one processor 940 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in memory (e.g., at least one memory 930) to cause device 905 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting the adaptation between reporting of actual beam refinement prediction reports initiated by the UE and reporting of virtual beam refinement prediction reports initiated by the UE). For example, device 905 or components of device 905 may include at least one processor 940 and at least one memory 930 coupled to or coupled to at least one processor 940, at least one processor 940 and at least one memory 930 being configured to perform the various functions described herein. In some aspects, at least one processor 940 may include multiple processors, and at least one memory 930 may include multiple memories. One or more of a plurality of processors may be coupled to one or more of a plurality of memories, which may be configured individually or collectively to perform the various functions described herein. In some aspects, at least one processor 940 may be a component of a processing system, which may refer to a system of machines, circuits (including, for example, one or both of processor circuitry (which may include at least one processor 940) and memory circuitry (which may include at least one memory 930)) or components that receive or obtain input and process such input to produce, generate, or obtain output. The processing system may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein. Thus, at least one processor 940 or a processing system including at least one processor 940 may be configured, capable of being configured, or operable to cause device 905 to perform one or more of the functions described herein. Furthermore, as described herein, “configured to,” “capable of being configured,” and “operable to” are used interchangeably and may be associated with the ability to perform one or more of the functions described herein when executing code stored in at least one memory 930 or otherwise.

[0276] The communication manager 920 may support wireless communication according to examples disclosed herein. For example, the communication manager 920 may be capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for transmitting a first request for switching operations between a first beam refinement scheme and a second beam refinement scheme. The communication manager 920 may be capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for receiving a response from a second network entity to the first request, wherein the response indicates acceptance or rejection of the first request. The communication manager 920 may be capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for operating according to either the first beam refinement scheme or the second beam refinement scheme based on the response. The communication manager 920 may be capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for: wherein the first beam refinement scheme includes the transmission of first report information indicating first beam information, the first beam information having a relationship with the second beam information, wherein the relationship is unknown to the first network entity, and wherein the first report information is based on first actual reference signal measurement information corresponding to the first beam information. The communication manager 920 is capable of, configured to, or able to operate to support components for: wherein the second beam refinement scheme includes the transmission of second report information indicating at least a portion of the first beam information, wherein the relationship is known to the first network entity, wherein the second report information is based on predictive reference signal measurement information associated with the first beam information, and wherein the predictive reference signal measurement information is based on the relationship and on second actual reference signal measurement information corresponding to the second beam information.

[0277] By including or configuring a communication manager 920 according to an example as described herein, device 905 may support techniques for improving communication reliability, reducing latency, improving and reducing processing-related user experience, reducing power consumption, utilizing communication resources more efficiently, improving coordination between devices, extending battery life, improving utilization of processing power, or any combination thereof.

[0278] In some aspects, the communication manager 920 may be configured to use or otherwise coordinate with the transceiver 915, one or more antennas 925, or any combination thereof to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, monitoring, transmitting). Although the communication manager 920 is illustrated as a separate component, in some aspects, one or more functions described with reference to the communication manager 920 may be supported or executed by at least one processor 940, at least one memory 930, code 935, or any combination thereof. For example, code 935 may include instructions that can be executed by at least one processor 940 to cause device 905 to perform various aspects of adaptation between reporting of actual beam refinement prediction reports initiated by the UE and reporting of virtual beam refinement prediction reports initiated by the UE, as described herein, or at least one processor 940 and at least one memory 930 may be otherwise configured to perform or support such operations individually or jointly.

[0279] Figure 10 A block diagram 1000 of a device 1005 is shown, illustrating the adaptation between a report of an actual beam refinement prediction report initiated by a UE and a report of a virtual beam refinement prediction report initiated by a UE, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure. Device 1005 may be an example of aspects of network entity 105 as described herein. Device 1005 may include a receiver 1010, a transmitter 1015, and a communication manager 1020. Device 1005, or one or more components of device 1005 (e.g., receiver 1010, transmitter 1015, and communication manager 1020), may include at least one processor that can be coupled to at least one memory to individually or jointly support or implement the described techniques. Each of these components may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0280] Receiver 1010 may provide components for acquiring (e.g., receiving, determining, identifying) information (such as user data, control information, or any combination thereof (e.g., I / Q samples, symbols, packets, protocol data units, service data units)) associated with various channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels, channels associated with a protocol stack). The information may be passed to other components of device 1005. In some aspects, receiver 1010 may support acquiring information by receiving signals via one or more antennas. Additionally or alternatively, receiver 1010 may support acquiring information by receiving signals via one or more wired (e.g., electrical, fiber optic) interfaces, wireless interfaces, or any combination thereof.

[0281] Transmitter 1015 may provide components for outputting (e.g., transmitting, providing, conveying, transmitting) information generated by other components of device 1005. For example, transmitter 1015 may output information associated with various channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels, channels associated with a protocol stack), such as user data, control information, or any combination thereof (e.g., I / Q samples, symbols, packets, protocol data units, service data units). In some aspects, transmitter 1015 may support outputting information by transmitting signals via one or more antennas. Additionally or alternatively, transmitter 1015 may support outputting information by transmitting signals via one or more wired (e.g., electrical, fiber optic) interfaces, wireless interfaces, or any combination thereof. In some aspects, transmitter 1015 and receiver 1010 may be co-located in a transceiver, which may include or be coupled to a modem.

[0282] The communication manager 1020, receiver 1010, transmitter 1015, or various combinations thereof, or various components thereof, may be examples of components for adapting various aspects of performing the reporting of the actual beam refinement prediction report initiated by the UE and the reporting of the virtual beam refinement prediction report initiated by the UE as described herein. For example, the communication manager 1020, receiver 1010, transmitter 1015, or various combinations thereof, or components thereof, may be able to perform one or more of the functions described herein.

[0283] In some aspects, the communication manager 1020, receiver 1010, transmitter 1015, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., in communication management circuitry). The hardware may include at least one of a processor, DSP, CPU, ASIC, FPGA, or other programmable logic device, microcontroller, discrete gate or transistor logic unit, discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof, configured as or otherwise individually or collectively to support components for performing the functions described herein. In some aspects, at least one processor and at least one memory coupled to said at least one processor may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., instructions stored in at least one memory are executed individually or collectively by one or more processors).

[0284] Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 1020, receiver 1010, transmitter 1015, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in code executed by at least one processor (e.g., as communication management software or firmware). If implemented in code executed by at least one processor, the functionality of the communication manager 1020, receiver 1010, transmitter 1015, or various combinations or components thereof may be performed by a general-purpose processor, DSP, CPU, ASIC, FPGA, microcontroller, or any combination of these or other programmable logic devices (e.g., configured as or otherwise individually or jointly to support components for performing the functions described in this disclosure).

[0285] In some respects, the communication manager 1020 may be configured to use or otherwise cooperate with the receiver 1010, the transmitter 1015, or both to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, acquiring, monitoring, outputting, transmitting). For example, the communication manager 1020 may receive information from the receiver 1010, transmit information to the transmitter 1015, or be integrated in combination with the receiver 1010, the transmitter 1015, or both to acquire information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.

[0286] The communication manager 1020 may support wireless communication according to examples disclosed herein. For example, the communication manager 1020 may be capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for receiving a first request for switching operations between a first beam refinement scheme and a second beam refinement scheme. The communication manager 1020 may be capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for sending a response to the first request to a second network entity, wherein the response indicates acceptance or rejection of the first request. The communication manager 1020 may be capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for operating according to either the first beam refinement scheme or the second beam refinement scheme based on the response. The communication manager 1020 may be capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for: wherein the first beam refinement scheme includes the transmission of first report information indicating first beam information, the first beam information having a relationship with the second beam information, wherein the relationship is unknown to the first network entity, and wherein the first report information is based on first actual reference signal measurement information corresponding to the first beam information. The communication manager 1020 is capable of, configured to, or able to operate to support components for: wherein the second beam refinement scheme includes the transmission of second report information indicating at least a portion of the first beam information, wherein the relationship is known to the first network entity, and wherein the second report information is based on predictive reference signal measurement information associated with the first beam information, and wherein the predictive reference signal measurement information is based on the relationship and on second actual reference signal measurement information corresponding to the second beam information.

[0287] By including or configuring a communication manager 1020 according to an example as described herein, device 1005 (e.g., controlling receiver 1010, transmitter 1015, communication manager 1020, or a combination thereof, or at least one processor coupled thereto) can support techniques for reducing processing, lowering power consumption, more efficient use of communication resources, or any combination thereof.

[0288] Figure 11 A block diagram 1100 illustrates a device 1105 that adapts a UE-initiated actual beam refinement prediction report to a UE-initiated virtual beam refinement prediction report, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure. Device 1105 may be an example of aspects of device 1005 or network entity 105 as described herein. Device 1105 may include a receiver 1110, a transmitter 1115, and a communication manager 1120. Device 1105, or one or more components of device 1105 (e.g., receiver 1110, transmitter 1115, and communication manager 1120), may include at least one processor that may be coupled to at least one memory to support the described techniques. Each of these components may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0289] Receiver 1110 may provide components for acquiring (e.g., receiving, determining, identifying) information (such as user data, control information, or any combination thereof (e.g., I / Q samples, symbols, packets, protocol data units, service data units)) associated with various channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels, channels associated with a protocol stack). The information may be passed to other components of device 1105. In some aspects, receiver 1110 may support acquiring information by receiving signals via one or more antennas. Additionally or alternatively, receiver 1110 may support acquiring information by receiving signals via one or more wired (e.g., electrical, fiber optic) interfaces, wireless interfaces, or any combination thereof.

[0290] Transmitter 1115 may provide components for outputting (e.g., transmitting, providing, conveying, transmitting) information generated by other components of device 1105. For example, transmitter 1115 may output information associated with various channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels, channels associated with a protocol stack), such as user data, control information, or any combination thereof (e.g., I / Q samples, symbols, packets, protocol data units, service data units). In some aspects, transmitter 1115 may support outputting information by transmitting signals via one or more antennas. Additionally or alternatively, transmitter 1115 may support outputting information by transmitting signals via one or more wired (e.g., electrical, fiber optic) interfaces, wireless interfaces, or any combination thereof. In some aspects, transmitter 1115 and receiver 1110 may be co-located in a transceiver, which may include or be coupled to a modem.

[0291] Device 1105 or its various components may be examples of various aspects of the adaptation between reports for performing actual beam refinement prediction reports initiated by the UE and reports for virtual beam refinement prediction reports initiated by the UE, as described herein. For example, communication manager 1120 may include request element 1125, response element 1130, operation element 1135, first scheme element 1140, second scheme element 1145, or any combination thereof. Communication manager 1120 may be examples of aspects of communication manager 1020 as described herein. In some aspects, communication manager 1120 or its various components may be configured to use or otherwise cooperate with receiver 1110, transmitter 1115, or both to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, acquiring, monitoring, outputting, transmitting). For example, communication manager 1120 may receive information from receiver 1110, transmit information to transmitter 1115, or be integrated in combination with receiver 1110, transmitter 1115, or both to acquire information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.

[0292] Communication manager 1120 may support wireless communication according to examples disclosed herein. Request element 1125 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for receiving a first request for switching operation between a first beam refinement scheme and a second beam refinement scheme. Response element 1130 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for sending a response to the first request to a second network entity, wherein the response indicates acceptance or rejection of the first request. Operation element 1135 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for operating according to either the first or second beam refinement scheme based on the response. First scheme element 1140 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for: wherein the first beam refinement scheme includes the transmission of first report information indicating first beam information, the first beam information having a relationship with the second beam information, wherein the relationship is unknown to the first network entity, and wherein the first report information is based on first actual reference signal measurement information corresponding to the first beam information. The second scheme element 1145 is capable of, can be configured to, or is operable to support components for: wherein the second beam refinement scheme includes the transmission of second reporting information indicating at least a portion of the first beam information, wherein the relationship is known to the first network entity, and wherein the second reporting information is based on predictive reference signal measurement information associated with the first beam information, and wherein the predictive reference signal measurement information is based on the relationship and on second actual reference signal measurement information corresponding to the second beam information.

[0293] Figure 12A block diagram 1200 of a communication manager 1220 is shown, illustrating the adaptation between a UE-initiated actual beam refinement prediction report and a UE-initiated virtual beam refinement prediction report, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure. The communication manager 1220 may be an example of aspects of the communication manager 1020, communication manager 1120, or both as described herein. The communication manager 1220 or its various components may be examples of components for performing the adaptation between the UE-initiated actual beam refinement prediction report and the UE-initiated virtual beam refinement prediction report, as described herein. For example, the communication manager 1220 may include a request element 1225, a response element 1230, an operation element 1235, a first scheme element 1240, a second scheme element 1245, a scheme switching element 1250, a machine learning element 1255, a refinement element 1260, a reporting element 1265, a capability element 1270, or any combination thereof. These components, or each of their components or sub-components (e.g., one or more processors, one or more memories), may communicate directly or indirectly with each other (e.g., via one or more buses), and such communication may include communication within protocol layers of the protocol stack, communication associated with logical channels of the protocol stack (e.g., between protocol layers of the protocol stack, within devices, components, or virtualization components associated with network entity 105, between devices, components, or virtualization components associated with network entity 105), or any combination thereof.

[0294] Communication manager 1220 may support wireless communication according to examples disclosed herein. Request element 1225 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for receiving a first request for switching operation between a first beam refinement scheme and a second beam refinement scheme. Response element 1230 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for sending a response to the first request to a second network entity, wherein the response indicates acceptance or rejection of the first request. Operation element 1235 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for operating according to either the first or second beam refinement scheme based on the response. First scheme element 1240 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for: wherein the first beam refinement scheme includes the transmission of first report information indicating first beam information, the first beam information having a relationship with the second beam information, wherein the relationship is unknown to the first network entity, and wherein the first report information is based on first actual reference signal measurement information corresponding to the first beam information. The second scheme element 1245 is capable of, can be configured to, or is operable to support components for: wherein the second beam refinement scheme includes the transmission of second reporting information indicating at least a portion of the first beam information, wherein the relationship is known to the first network entity, and wherein the second reporting information is based on predicted reference signal measurement information associated with the first beam information, and wherein the predicted reference signal measurement information is based on the relationship and on second actual reference signal measurement information corresponding to the second beam information.

[0295] In some respects, the request element 1225 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for receiving a second request to the first network entity to transmit a first set of reference signals according to the first beam refinement scheme during operation.

[0296] In some respects, the second request includes an identifier indicating a second set of reference signals transmitted according to the second beam information.

[0297] In some respects, during operation of the second beam refinement scheme, the predicted reference signal measurement information and the first beam information are associated with the common space transmission filter.

[0298] In some aspects, to support operation based on a response, the scheme switching element 1250 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for switching operations between a first beamfinding scheme and a second beamfinding scheme based on acceptance of a first request after a time period following the receipt of a response, wherein... In some aspects, to support operation based on a response, the scheme switching element 1250 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for a predefined time period. In some aspects, to support operation based on a response, the scheme switching element 1250 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for the method further including sending information indicating a time period to a second network entity. In some aspects, to support operation based on a response, the scheme switching element 1250 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for the ability of a second network entity to handle time periods.

[0299] In some aspects, the response indicates a rejection of the first request. In some aspects, the method also includes operating according to a first beam refinement scheme or a second beam refinement scheme based on the rejection of the first request.

[0300] In some respects, the first request is to switch from operation according to the first beam refinement scheme to operation in the second beam refinement scheme, and wherein the first request is based on: the identification of the machine learning model by the second network entity based on the first actual reference signal measurement information, or the refinement of the machine learning model based on the first actual reference signal measurement information.

[0301] In some respects, the first request includes instructions on whether the first request is based on an identifier of the machine learning model or on a more detailed description of the machine learning model.

[0302] In some respects, the operating element 1235 is capable of, can be configured to, or is operable to support components for transmitting indications regarding the relationship between the first beam information and the second beam information that are not provided by the first network entity.

[0303] In some aspects, the refinement element 1260 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for receiving a beam refinement request during operation according to the first beam refinement scheme. In some aspects, the refinement element 1260 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for transmitting one or more resource identifiers for first beam information in response to a beam refinement request.

[0304] In some aspects, the transmission of one or more resource identifiers is based on control information provided by a first network entity. In some aspects, the control information instructs the first network entity to transmit a narrow beam reference signal for refinement against a wider beam reference signal. In some aspects, the reception of a beam refinement request is based on the control information.

[0305] In some respects, the reporting element 1265 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for receiving second reporting information based on control information provided by a first network entity during operation according to the second beam refinement scheme, wherein the control information instructs the first network entity to receive the second reporting information, which is based on predictive reference signal measurement information or predictive beam information based on the predictive reference signal measurement information.

[0306] In some aspects, capability element 1270 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for receiving instructions on capability information, wherein the capability information indicates the capability of a second network entity to switch between operation according to a first beam refinement scheme and operation according to a second beam refinement scheme, wherein the method further includes sending a first request based on the capability information.

[0307] In some respects, capability element 1270 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for sending an acceptance or rejection verification message indicating an indication of capability to a second network entity.

[0308] In some respects, capability information indicates one or more capabilities of a second network entity to operate according to one or more machine learning models, a first beam refinement scheme, a second beam refinement scheme, or any combination thereof.

[0309] In some respects, capability element 1270 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for transmitting instructions on capability information, wherein the capability information indicates the capability of a first network entity to switch between operation according to a first beam refinement scheme and operation according to a second beam refinement scheme, wherein the response is based on the reception of capability information.

[0310] In some respects, capability information indicates one or more capabilities of a second network entity to operate according to one or more machine learning models, a first beam refinement scheme, a second beam refinement scheme, or any combination thereof.

[0311] In some respects, the machine learning element 1255 is capable of, configured to, or operated to support components for receiving a first identifier of a first machine learning model associated with a first beam refinement scheme, a second identifier of a second machine learning model associated with a second beam refinement scheme, or any combination thereof.

[0312] In some respects, at least one of the first or second machine learning models replaces the corresponding prior machine learning model associated with the first or second beam refinement scheme.

[0313] In some aspects, the response indicates acceptance of the first request, and the response includes an indication of the correspondence between the first beam information and the virtual resource associated with the predictive reference signal measurement information.

[0314] In some respects, the indication of this correspondence is indicated by the association between a first machine learning model associated with a first beam refinement scheme and a second machine learning model associated with a second beam refinement scheme, or by the association between a reference signal resource identifier associated with the first beam information and a virtual resource identifier associated with the virtual resource, or any combination thereof.

[0315] In some respects, the machine learning element 1255 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for sending messages from a second network entity that configure or activate channel state information reports at the second network entity.

[0316] In some aspects, the machine learning element 1255 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for determining first report information based on a first machine learning model. In some aspects, the machine learning element 1255 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for determining second report information based on a second machine learning model.

[0317] In some respects, the first actual reference signal measurement information and the second actual reference signal measurement information are the same actual reference signal measurement information.

[0318] In some respects, relationships include quasi-colocation relationships, communication beam relationships, linear combination relationships, parent-child relationships, or any combination thereof.

[0319] Figure 13 A diagram illustrating a system 1300 comprising a device 1305 supporting adaptation between a report supporting an actual beam refinement prediction report initiated by a UE and a report supporting a virtual beam refinement prediction report initiated by a UE, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure. Device 1305 may be an example of device 1005, device 1105, or network entity 105 as described herein, or may include components thereof. Device 1305 may communicate with one or more network entities 105, one or more UEs 115, or any combination thereof, and this communication may include communication via one or more wired interfaces, one or more wireless interfaces, or any combination thereof. Device 1305 may include components supporting output and obtaining communication, such as a communication manager 1320, a transceiver 1310, an antenna 1315, at least one memory 1325, code 1330, and at least one processor 1335. These components may communicate electronically or otherwise (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more buses (e.g., bus 1340).

[0320] Transceiver 1310 may support bidirectional communication via a wired link, a wireless link, or both as described herein. In some aspects, transceiver 1310 may include a wired transceiver and be capable of bidirectional communication with another wired transceiver. Additionally or alternatively, in some aspects, transceiver 1310 may include a wireless transceiver and be capable of bidirectional communication with another wireless transceiver. In some aspects, device 1305 may include one or more antennas 1315 that may be capable of (e.g., concurrently) transmitting or receiving wireless transmissions. Transceiver 1310 may also include a modem for: modulating a signal; providing the modulated signal for transmission (e.g., by one or more antennas 1315, by a wired transmitter); receiving the modulated signal (e.g., from one or more antennas 1315, from a wired receiver); and demodulating the signal. In some embodiments, transceiver 1310 may include one or more interfaces, such as one or more interfaces coupled to one or more antennas 1315 configured to support various receive or acquire operations, or one or more interfaces coupled to one or more antennas 1315 configured to support various transmit or output operations, or combinations thereof. In some embodiments, transceiver 1310 may include one or more processors or one or more memory components or be configured to couple to said one or more processors or one or more memory components, said one or more processors or one or more memory components being operable to perform or support operations based on received or acquired information or signals, or to generate information or other signals for transmission or other output, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, transceiver 1310, or transceiver 1310 and one or more antennas 1315, or transceiver 1310 and one or more antennas 1315 and one or more processors or one or more memory components (e.g., at least one processor 1335, at least one memory 1325, or both) may be included in a chip or chip assembly mounted in device 1305. In some respects, transceiver 1310 may be operable to support communication via one or more communication links (e.g., communication link 125, backhaul communication link 120, midhaul communication link 162, fronthaul communication link 168).

[0321] At least one memory 1325 may include RAM, ROM, or any combination thereof. At least one memory 1325 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code 1330 including instructions that, when executed by one or more of at least one processor 1335, cause device 1305 to perform the various functions described herein. Code 1330 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or another type of memory. In some cases, code 1330 may not be directly executable by a processor in at least one processor 1335, but may enable a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform the functions described herein. In some cases, at least one memory 1325 may also include a BIOS, among other things, which controls basic hardware or software operations, such as interaction with peripheral components or devices. In some aspects, at least one processor 1335 may include multiple processors, and at least one memory 1325 may include multiple memories. One or more of the multiple processors may be coupled to one or more of the multiple memories, which may be configured individually or collectively to perform the various functions described herein (e.g., as part of a processing system).

[0322] At least one processor 1335 may include intelligent hardware devices (e.g., general-purpose processors, DSPs, ASICs, CPUs, FPGAs, microcontrollers, programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic units, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof). In some cases, at least one processor 1335 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some other cases, the memory controller may be integrated into one or more of the at least one processor 1335. At least one processor 1335 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in memory (e.g., one or more memories in at least one memory 1325) to cause device 1305 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting the adaptation between reporting of actual beam refinement prediction reports initiated by the UE and reporting of virtual beam refinement prediction reports initiated by the UE). For example, device 1305 or components of device 1305 may include at least one processor 1335 and at least one memory 1325 coupled to one or more of the at least one processor 1335, wherein at least one processor 1335 and at least one memory 1325 are configured to perform the various functions described herein. At least one processor 1335 may be an example of a cloud computing platform (e.g., one or more physical nodes and supporting software such as an operating system, virtual machine, or container instance) that can (e.g., by executing code 1330) host functions for performing the functions of device 1305. At least one processor 1335 may be any one or more suitable processors capable of executing scripts or instructions of one or more software programs stored in device 1305 (such as within one or more memories of at least one memory 1325). In some aspects, at least one processor 1335 may include multiple processors, and at least one memory 1325 may include multiple memories. One or more of the multiple processors may be coupled to one or more of the multiple memories, which may be configured individually or collectively to perform the various functions described herein. In some aspects, at least one processor 1335 may be a component of a processing system, which can refer to a system of machines, circuits (including, for example, one or both of processor circuitry (which may include at least one processor 1335) and memory circuitry (which may include at least one memory 1325)) or components that receive or acquire input and process such input to produce, generate, or acquire output. The processing system may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein. Therefore, at least one processor 1335 or a processing system including at least one processor 1335 may be configured, configured to, or operated to cause the device 1305 to perform one or more of the functions described herein.Furthermore, as described herein, “configured to,” “capable of being configured to,” and “capable of operating to” are used interchangeably and may be associated with the ability to perform one or more of the functions described herein when executing code stored in at least one memory 1325 or otherwise.

[0323] In some aspects, bus 1340 may support communication at the protocol layer of the protocol stack (e.g., within a protocol layer). In some aspects, bus 1340 may support communication associated with logical channels of the protocol stack (e.g., between protocol layers of the protocol stack), which may include communication performed within components of device 1305, or communication performed between different components of device 1305 that are co-addressable or may be located in different locations (e.g., where device 1305 may refer to a system in which one or more of communication manager 1320, transceiver 1310, at least one memory 1325, code 1330 and at least one processor 1335 may be located in one component of different components or partitioned between different components).

[0324] In some aspects, the communication manager 1320 can manage various aspects of communication with the core network 130 (e.g., via one or more wired or wireless backhaul links). For example, the communication manager 1320 can manage the delivery of data communications by client devices (such as one or more UEs 115). In some aspects, the communication manager 1320 can manage communication with other network entities 105 and may include a controller or scheduler for coordinating with other network entities 105 to control communication with UE 115. In some aspects, the communication manager 1320 may support an X2 interface within LTE / LTE-A wireless communication network technology to provide communication between network entities 105.

[0325] The communication manager 1320 may support wireless communication according to examples disclosed herein. For example, the communication manager 1320 may be capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for receiving a first request for switching operations between a first beam refinement scheme and a second beam refinement scheme. The communication manager 1320 may be capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for sending a response to the first request to a second network entity, wherein the response indicates acceptance or rejection of the first request. The communication manager 1320 may be capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for operating according to either the first beam refinement scheme or the second beam refinement scheme based on the response. The communication manager 1320 may be capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for: wherein the first beam refinement scheme includes the transmission of first report information indicating first beam information, the first beam information having a relationship with the second beam information, wherein the relationship is unknown to the first network entity, and wherein the first report information is based on first actual reference signal measurement information corresponding to the first beam information. The communication manager 1320 is capable of, configured to, or able to operate to support components for: wherein the second beam refinement scheme includes the transmission of second report information indicating at least a portion of the first beam information, wherein the relationship is known to the first network entity, and wherein the second report information is based on predictive reference signal measurement information associated with the first beam information, and wherein the predictive reference signal measurement information is based on the relationship and on second actual reference signal measurement information corresponding to the second beam information.

[0326] By including or configuring a communication manager 1320 according to an example as described herein, device 1305 may support techniques for improving communication reliability, reducing latency, improving and reducing processing-related user experience, reducing power consumption, utilizing communication resources more efficiently, improving coordination between devices, extending battery life, improving utilization of processing power, or any combination thereof.

[0327] In some aspects, the communication manager 1320 may be configured to use or otherwise coordinate with the transceiver 1310, one or more antennas 1315 (e.g., where applicable), or any combination thereof to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, acquiring, monitoring, outputting, transmitting). Although the communication manager 1320 is illustrated as a separate component, in some aspects, one or more functions described with reference to the communication manager 1320 may be supported or performed by the transceiver 1310, one or more processors in at least one processor 1335, one or more memories in at least one memory 1325, code 1330, or any combination thereof (e.g., by a processing system including at least a portion of at least one processor 1335, at least one memory 1325, code 1330, or any combination thereof). For example, code 1330 may include instructions that can be executed by one or more processors of at least one processor 1335 to cause device 1305 to perform various aspects of the adaptation between reporting of actual beam refinement prediction reports initiated by the UE and reporting of virtual beam refinement prediction reports initiated by the UE as described herein, or at least one processor 1335 and at least one memory 1325 may be otherwise configured to perform or support such operations individually or jointly.

[0328] Figure 14 A flowchart illustrating a method 1400 for adapting a UE-initiated actual beam refinement prediction report to a UE-initiated virtual beam refinement prediction report, supported by various aspects of this disclosure, is shown. The operation of method 1400 can be implemented by a UE or its components as described herein. For example, the operation of method 1400 can be implemented by, as referenced... Figures 1 to 9 The UE 115 described herein is used to perform this function. In some aspects, the UE can execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the described function. Additionally or alternatively, the UE may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described function.

[0329] At 1405, the method may include sending a first request for switching operations between a first beam refinement scheme and a second beam refinement scheme. The operation of block 1405 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some aspects, aspects of the operation of 1405 may be provided by reference to... Figure 8 The requested element 825 is used to execute the request.

[0330] At 1410, the method may include receiving a response to the first request from a second network entity, wherein the response indicates acceptance or rejection of the first request. The operation of block 1410 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some aspects, aspects of the operation of 1410 may be provided by reference to [reference needed]. Figure 8 The described response element 830 is used to perform this action.

[0331] At 1415, the method may include operation based on a response, according to a first beam refinement scheme or a second beam refinement scheme. The operation of block 1415 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some aspects, aspects of the operation of 1415 may be derived from references... Figure 8 The described operating element 835 is used to perform this action.

[0332] At 1420, the first beam refinement scheme includes the transmission of first report information indicating first beam information, which has a relationship with second beam information, wherein the relationship is unknown to the first network entity, and wherein the first report information is based on first actual reference signal measurement information corresponding to the first beam information. The operation of block 1420 can be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some aspects, aspects of the operation of 1420 can be derived from references... Figure 8 The first scheme described is implemented by element 840.

[0333] At 1425, the second beam refinement scheme includes the transmission of second reporting information indicating at least a portion of the first beam information, wherein the relationship is known to the first network entity, wherein the second reporting information is based on predicted reference signal measurement information associated with the first beam information, and wherein the predicted reference signal measurement information is based on the relationship and on second actual reference signal measurement information corresponding to the second beam information. The operation of block 1425 can be performed according to the examples disclosed herein. In some aspects, aspects of the operation of 1425 can be derived from, as referenced... Figure 8 The second scheme described is implemented by element 845.

[0334] Figure 15 A flowchart illustrating a method 1500 for adapting a UE-initiated actual beam refinement prediction report to a UE-initiated virtual beam refinement prediction report, supported by various aspects of this disclosure, is shown. The operation of method 1500 can be implemented by a network entity or its components as described herein. For example, the operation of method 1500 can be implemented by, as referenced... Figures 1 to 5 as well as Figures 10 to 13 The network entity described herein performs the function. In some aspects, the network entity may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the network entity to perform the described function. Additionally or alternatively, the network entity may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described function.

[0335] At 1505, the method may include receiving a first request for switching operations between a first beam refinement scheme and a second beam refinement scheme. The operation of block 1505 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some aspects, aspects of the operation of 1505 may be provided by reference to... Figure 12 The requested element 1225 is used to execute the request.

[0336] At 1510, the method may include sending a response to the first request to a second network entity, wherein the response indicates acceptance or rejection of the first request. The operation of block 1510 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some aspects, aspects of the operation of 1510 may be derived from references... Figure 12 The described response element 1230 is used to perform this action.

[0337] At 1515, the method may include operation based on a response, according to a first beam refinement scheme or a second beam refinement scheme. The operation of block 1515 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some aspects, aspects of the operation of 1515 may be derived from references... Figure 12 The described operating element 1235 is used to perform this action.

[0338] At 1520, the first beam refinement scheme includes the transmission of first report information indicating first beam information, which has a relationship with second beam information, wherein the relationship is unknown to the first network entity, and wherein the first report information is based on first actual reference signal measurement information corresponding to the first beam information. The operation of block 1520 can be performed according to the examples disclosed herein. In some aspects, aspects of the operation of 1520 can be derived from references... Figure 12 The first scheme described is implemented by element 1240.

[0339] At 1525, the second beam refinement scheme includes the transmission of second reporting information indicating at least a portion of the first beam information, wherein the relationship is known to the first network entity, and wherein the second reporting information is based on predicted reference signal measurement information associated with the first beam information, and wherein the predicted reference signal measurement information is based on the relationship and on second actual reference signal measurement information corresponding to the second beam information. The operation of block 1525 can be performed according to the examples disclosed herein. In some aspects, aspects of the operation of 1525 can be derived from, as referenced... Figure 12 The second scheme described is implemented by element 1245.

[0340] The following provides an overview of the various aspects of this disclosure: Aspect 1: A method for wireless communication at a first network entity, the method comprising: sending a first request for switching operation between a first beam refinement scheme and a second beam refinement scheme; receiving a response from a second network entity to the first request, wherein the response indicates acceptance or rejection of the first request; and operating according to the first beam refinement scheme or the second beam refinement scheme based on the response; wherein the first beam refinement scheme includes sending the first report information indicating first beam information having a relationship with the second beam information, wherein the relationship is unknown to the first network entity, and wherein the first report information is based on first actual reference signal measurement information corresponding to the first beam information; and wherein the second beam refinement scheme includes sending the second report information indicating at least a portion of the first beam information, wherein the relationship is known to the first network entity, wherein the second report information is based on predicted reference signal measurement information associated with the first beam information, and wherein the predicted reference signal measurement information is based on the relationship and on second actual reference signal measurement information corresponding to the second beam information.

[0341] Aspect 2: According to the method of aspect 1, the method further includes: sending a second request to the second network entity to send a first set of reference signals according to the first beam refinement scheme during operation.

[0342] Aspect 3: According to the method of aspect 2, wherein the second request includes an identifier indicating a second set of reference signals transmitted according to the second beam information.

[0343] Aspect 4: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 3, wherein during operation according to the second beam refinement scheme, the predicted reference signal measurement information and the first beam information are associated with a common space transmission filter.

[0344] Aspect 5: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 4, wherein after a period of time following the receipt of the response, a switching operation is performed between the first beam refinement scheme and the second beam refinement scheme based on the acceptance of the first request indicated by the response, wherein: the period of time is predefined, and the method further includes receiving information indicating the period of time from the second network entity, or the period of time is based on the capabilities of the first network entity.

[0345] Aspect 6: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 5, wherein the response indicates a rejection of the first request; and the method further includes operating according to the first beam refinement scheme or the second beam refinement scheme based on the rejection of the first request.

[0346] Aspect 7: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 6, wherein the first request is to switch from operation according to the first beam refinement scheme to operation according to the second beam refinement scheme, and wherein the first request is based on: the identification of the machine learning model by the first network entity based on the first actual reference signal measurement information, or the refinement of the machine learning model based on the first actual reference signal measurement information.

[0347] Aspect 8: According to the method of aspect 7, wherein the first request includes an indication of whether the first request is based on the identifier of the machine learning model or on the refinement of the machine learning model.

[0348] Aspect 9: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 8, the method further comprising: receiving an indication that the relationship between the first beam information and the second beam information is not provided by the second network entity.

[0349] Aspect 10: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 9, the method further comprising: sending a beam refinement request during operation according to the first beam refinement scheme; and receiving one or more resource identifiers for the first beam information in response to the beam refinement request.

[0350] Aspect 11: According to the method of aspect 10, the reception of the one or more resource identifiers is based on control information provided by the second network entity; the control information instructs the second network entity to transmit a narrow beam reference signal for refining a wider beam reference signal; and the transmission of the beam refinement request is based on the control information.

[0351] Aspect 12: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 11, the method further comprising: during operation according to the second beam refinement scheme, transmitting the second report information based on control information provided by the second network entity, wherein the control information instructs the second network entity to receive the second report information, the second report information being at least partially based on the prediction reference signal measurement information or prediction beam information based on the prediction reference signal measurement information.

[0352] Aspect 13: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 12, the method further comprising: sending an indication of capability information, wherein the capability information indicates the capability of the first network entity to switch between operation according to the first beam refinement scheme and operation according to the second beam refinement scheme, wherein sending the first request includes sending the first request based on the capability information.

[0353] Aspect 14: The method according to aspect 13, the method further comprising: receiving a verification message indicating acceptance or rejection of the indication of the capability of the first network entity.

[0354] Aspect 15: The method according to any one of Aspects 13 to 14, wherein the capability information indicates one or more capabilities of the first network entity to operate according to one or more machine learning models, the first beam refinement scheme, the second beam refinement scheme, or any combination thereof.

[0355] Aspect 16: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 15, the method further comprising: receiving an indication of capability information, wherein the capability information indicates the capability of the second network entity to switch between operation according to the first beam refinement scheme and operation according to the second beam refinement scheme, wherein the response is received based on the capability information.

[0356] Aspect 17: According to the method of aspect 16, wherein the capability information indicates one or more capabilities of the second network entity to operate according to one or more machine learning models, the first beam refinement scheme, the second beam refinement scheme, or any combination thereof.

[0357] Aspect 18: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 17, the method further comprising: transmitting a first identifier of a first machine learning model associated with the first beam refinement scheme, a second identifier of a second machine learning model associated with the second beam refinement scheme, or any combination thereof.

[0358] Aspect 19: According to the method of aspect 18, wherein at least one of the first machine learning model or the second machine learning model replaces the corresponding previous machine learning model associated with the first beam refinement scheme or the second beam refinement scheme.

[0359] Aspect 20: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 19, wherein the response indicates acceptance of the first request, and wherein the response includes an indication of a correspondence between the first beam information and a virtual resource associated with the predictive reference signal measurement information.

[0360] Aspect 21: According to the method of aspect 20, the indication of the correspondence is indicated by an association between a first machine learning model associated with the first beam refinement scheme and a second machine learning model associated with the second beam refinement scheme, or by an association between a reference signal resource identifier associated with the first beam information and a virtual resource identifier associated with the virtual resource, or any combination thereof.

[0361] Aspect 22: The method according to any one of Aspects 20 to 21, the method further comprising: receiving from the second network entity a message that configures or activates a channel state information report at the first network entity.

[0362] Aspect 23: The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 22, the method further comprising: determining the first report information based on a first machine learning model; and determining the second report information based on a second machine learning model.

[0363] Aspect 24: The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 23, wherein the first actual reference signal measurement information and the second actual reference signal measurement information are the same actual reference signal measurement information.

[0364] Aspect 25: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 24, wherein the relationship includes a quasi-colocation relationship, a communication beam relationship, a linear combination relationship, a parent-child relationship, or any combination thereof.

[0365] Aspect 26: A method for wireless communication at a first network entity, the method comprising: receiving a first request for switching operation between a first beam refinement scheme and a second beam refinement scheme; sending a response to the first request to a second network entity, wherein the response indicates acceptance or rejection of the first request; and operating according to the first beam refinement scheme or the second beam refinement scheme based on the response; wherein the first beam refinement scheme includes sending the first report information indicating first beam information having a relationship with second beam information, wherein the relationship is unknown to the first network entity, and wherein the first report information is based on first actual reference signal measurement information corresponding to the first beam information; and wherein the second beam refinement scheme includes sending the second report information indicating at least a portion of the first beam information, wherein the relationship is known to the first network entity, and wherein the second report information is based on predicted reference signal measurement information associated with the first beam information, and wherein the predicted reference signal measurement information is based on the relationship and on second actual reference signal measurement information corresponding to the second beam information.

[0366] Aspect 27: The method according to aspect 26, the method further comprising: receiving a second request to the first network entity to send a first set of reference signals according to the first beam refinement scheme during operation.

[0367] Aspect 28: The method according to aspect 27, wherein the second request includes an identifier indicating a second set of reference signals transmitted according to the second beam information.

[0368] Aspect 29: The method according to any one of Aspects 26 to 28, wherein during operation in the second beam refinement scheme, the predicted reference signal measurement information and the first beam information are associated with a common space transmission filter.

[0369] Aspect 30: The method according to any one of Aspects 26 to 29, wherein operating according to the response comprises: after a period of time following the receipt of the response, switching between a first beam refinement scheme and a second beam refinement scheme based on the response indicating acceptance of the first request, wherein: the period of time is predefined, and the method further comprises sending information indicating the period of time to the second network entity, or the period of time being based on the capabilities of the second network entity.

[0370] Aspect 31: The method according to any one of Aspects 26 to 30, wherein the response indicates a rejection of the first request; and the method further includes operating according to the first beam refinement scheme or the second beam refinement scheme based on the rejection of the first request.

[0371] Aspect 32: The method according to any one of Aspects 26 to 31, wherein the first request is to switch from operation according to the first beam refinement scheme to operation in the second beam refinement scheme, and wherein the first request is based on: an identification of the machine learning model by the second network entity based on the first actual reference signal measurement information, or refinement of the machine learning model based on the first actual reference signal measurement information.

[0372] Aspect 33: According to the method of aspect 32, wherein the first request includes an indication of whether the first request is based on the identifier of the machine learning model or on the refinement of the machine learning model.

[0373] Aspect 34: The method according to any one of Aspects 26 to 33, the method further comprising: sending an indication that the relationship between the first beam information and the second beam information is not provided by the first network entity.

[0374] Aspect 35: The method according to any one of Aspects 26 to 34, the method further comprising: receiving a beam refinement request during operation according to the first beam refinement scheme; and sending one or more resource identifiers for the first beam information in response to the beam refinement request.

[0375] Aspect 36: According to the method of aspect 35, the transmission of the one or more resource identifiers is based on control information provided by the first network entity; the control information instructs the first network entity to transmit a narrow beam reference signal for refining a wider beam reference signal; and the reception of the beam refinement request is based on the control information.

[0376] Aspect 37: The method according to any one of Aspects 26 to 36, the method further comprising: during operation according to the second beam refinement scheme, receiving second reporting information based on control information provided by the first network entity, wherein the control information indicates that the first network entity is capable of receiving the second reporting information, the second reporting information being at least partially based on the prediction reference signal measurement information or prediction beam information based on the prediction reference signal measurement information.

[0377] Aspect 38: The method according to any one of Aspects 26 to 37, the method further comprising: receiving an indication of capability information, wherein the capability information indicates the capability of the second network entity to switch between operation according to the first beam refinement scheme and operation according to the second beam refinement scheme, wherein the method further comprises sending the first request based on the capability information.

[0378] Aspect 39: The method according to aspect 38 further includes: sending a verification message indicating acceptance or rejection of the indication of the capability of the second network entity.

[0379] Aspect 40: The method according to any one of Aspects 38 to 39, wherein the capability information indicates one or more capabilities of the second network entity to operate according to one or more machine learning models, the first beam refinement scheme, the second beam refinement scheme, or any combination thereof.

[0380] Aspect 41: The method according to any one of Aspects 26 to 40, the method further comprising: sending an indication of capability information, wherein the capability information indicates the capability of the first network entity to switch between operation according to the first beam refinement scheme and operation according to the second beam refinement scheme, wherein the response is received based on the capability information.

[0381] Aspect 42: According to the method of aspect 41, wherein the capability information indicates one or more capabilities of the second network entity to operate according to one or more machine learning models, the first beam refinement scheme, the second beam refinement scheme, or any combination thereof.

[0382] Aspect 43: The method according to any one of Aspects 26 to 42, the method further comprising: receiving a first identifier of a first machine learning model associated with the first beam refinement scheme, a second identifier of a second machine learning model associated with the second beam refinement scheme, or any combination thereof.

[0383] Aspect 44: According to the method of aspect 43, wherein at least one of the first machine learning model or the second machine learning model replaces the corresponding previous machine learning model associated with the first beam refinement scheme or the second beam refinement scheme.

[0384] Aspect 45: The method according to any one of Aspects 26 to 44, wherein the response indicates acceptance of the first request, and wherein the response includes an indication of a correspondence between the first beam information and a virtual resource associated with the predictive reference signal measurement information.

[0385] Aspect 46: According to the method of aspect 45, the indication of the correspondence is indicated by an association between a first machine learning model associated with the first beam refinement scheme and a second machine learning model associated with the second beam refinement scheme, or by an association between a reference signal resource identifier associated with the first beam information and a virtual resource identifier associated with the virtual resource, or any combination thereof.

[0386] Aspect 47: The method according to any one of aspects 45 to 46, the method further comprising: sending a message from the second network entity configuring or activating a channel state information report at the second network entity.

[0387] Aspect 48: The method according to any one of Aspects 26 to 47, the method further comprising: determining the first report information based on a first machine learning model; and determining the second report information based on a second machine learning model.

[0388] Aspect 49: The method according to any one of Aspects 26 to 48, wherein the first actual reference signal measurement information and the second actual reference signal measurement information are the same actual reference signal measurement information.

[0389] Aspect 50: The method according to any one of Aspects 26 to 49, wherein the relationship includes a quasi-colocation relationship, a communication beam relationship, a linear combination relationship, a parent-child relationship, or any combination thereof.

[0390] Aspect 51: A first network entity for wireless communication, the first network entity comprising: one or more memories storing processor-executable code; and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories and capable of operating individually or jointly to execute the code to cause the first network entity to perform a method according to any one of aspects 1 to 25.

[0391] Aspect 52: A first network entity for wireless communication, the first network entity comprising at least one component for performing the method according to any one of aspects 1 to 25.

[0392] Aspect 53: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, said code including instructions executable by one or more processors to perform the method according to any one of aspects 1 to 25.

[0393] Aspect 54: A first network entity for wireless communication, the first network entity comprising: one or more memories storing processor-executable code; and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories and capable of operating individually or jointly to execute the code to cause the first network entity to perform a method according to any one of aspects 26 to 50.

[0394] Aspect 55: A first network entity for wireless communication, the first network entity comprising at least one component for performing the method according to any one of aspects 26 to 50.

[0395] Aspect 56: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, said code comprising instructions executable by one or more processors to perform a method according to any one of aspects 26 to 50.

[0396] The methods described herein outline possible specific implementations, and the operations and steps can be rearranged or otherwise modified, and other specific implementations are also possible. Furthermore, aspects from two or more of these methods can be combined.

[0397] While aspects of LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR systems may be described for illustrative purposes, and the terms LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR may be used in most of the description, the techniques described herein are also applicable to networks outside of LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR networks. For example, the techniques described are applicable to a variety of other wireless communication systems, such as Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, Flash-OFDM, and other systems and radio technologies not explicitly mentioned herein.

[0398] The information and signals described herein can be represented using any of a variety of different techniques and methods. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips mentioned throughout the description can be represented by voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, light fields or optical particles, or any combination thereof.

[0399] The various exemplary blocks and components described herein can be implemented or performed using a general-purpose processor, DSP, ASIC, CPU, FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic unit, discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof, designed to perform the functions described herein. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in alternative embodiments, a processor may be any processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices (e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors cooperating with a DSP core, or any other such configuration). Any function or operation described herein that can be performed by a processor may be performed by multiple processors capable of performing the described functions or operations individually or jointly.

[0400] The functions described herein can be implemented using hardware, software executed by a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software executed by a processor, the functions can be stored as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium or transmitted using one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Other examples and specific implementations are within the scope of this disclosure and the claims. For example, due to the nature of software, the functions described herein can be implemented using software executed by a processor, hardware, firmware, hardwiring, or any combination of these. Features implementing the functions can also be physically located in various locations, including various portions distributed such that the functions are implemented in different physical locations.

[0401] Computer-readable media includes both non-transitory computer storage media and communication media, encompassing any medium that facilitates the transfer of a computer program from one location to another. Non-transitory storage media can be any available medium accessible by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer. By way of example, and not limitation, non-transitory computer-readable media may include RAM, ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), flash memory, compressed optical disc (CD) ROM or other optical disc storage devices, magnetic disk storage devices or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transitory medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code components in the form of instructions or data structures, and accessible by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer or a general-purpose or special-purpose processor. Furthermore, any connection is appropriately referred to as computer-readable media. For example, if software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL), or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave, then coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave are included within the definition of computer-readable media. As used herein, disks and optical discs include CDs, laser discs, optical discs, digital multifunction discs (DVDs), floppy disks, and Blu-ray discs. Disks can magnetically reproduce data, and optical discs can optically reproduce data using lasers. Combinations of the above are also included within the scope of computer-readable media. Any function or operation described herein that can be performed by memory can be performed by multiple memories capable of performing the described function or operation individually or jointly.

[0402] As used herein, the term "or" is inclusive unless restrictive language is used relative to the listed alternatives. For example, a reference to "X is based on A or B" should be interpreted as including, within its scope, X is based on A, X is based on B, and X is based on both A and B. In this respect, a reference to "X is based on A or B" means "at least one of A or B" or "one or more of A or B," because "or" is inclusive. Similarly, a reference to "X is based on A, B, or C" should be interpreted as including, within its scope, X is based on A, X is based on B, X is based on C, X is based on both A and B, X is based on both A and C, X is based on both B and C, and X is based on both A, B, and C. In this respect, a reference to "X is based on A, B, or C" means "at least one of A, B, or C" or "one or more of A, B, or C," because "or" is inclusive. As an example of restrictive language, the reference to "X is based on either A or B" should be interpreted as including, within its scope, both X based on A and X based on B, but excluding X based on both A and B. Furthermore, as used herein, the phrase "based on" should not be interpreted as a reference to a closed set of information, one or more conditions, one or more factors, etc. In other words, the phrase "based on A" (where "A" can be information, conditions, factors, etc.) should be interpreted as "based on at least A," unless specifically stated differently. Similarly, as used herein, the phrase "set" should be interpreted as including the possibility of a set having one member. That is, the phrase "set" should be interpreted in the same way as "one or more" or "at least one."

[0403] As used herein, including in claims, the article “a” preceding a noun is open-ended and is understood to refer to “at least one” or “one or more” of those nouns. Therefore, the terms “a,” “at least one,” “one or more,” and “at least one of one or more” are interchangeable. For example, where a claim enumerates “components” performing one or more functions, each of the individual functions may be performed by a single component or by any combination of multiple components. Thus, the term “component” having a characteristic or performing a function may refer to “at least one of one or more components” having a particular characteristic or performing a particular function. Subsequent references to a component introduced with the article “a” using the terms “the” or “the” can refer to any or all of the one or more components. For example, a component introduced with the article “a” can be understood to mean “one or more components,” and subsequent reference to “the component” in a claim can be understood as equivalent to referring to “at least one of the one or more components.” Similarly, subsequent references to a component introduced with the terms “the” or “the” as “one or more components” can refer to any or all of the one or more components. For example, reference to "the one or more components" in the subsequent claims can be understood as equivalent to reference to "at least one of the one or more components".

[0404] The term "determine" encompasses a variety of actions, and therefore, "determine" can include calculation, computation, processing, derivation, investigation, lookup (such as by searching in a table, database, or other data structure), identification, and similar actions. Furthermore, "determine" can include receiving (e.g., receiving information), accessing (e.g., accessing data stored in memory), etc. Moreover, "determine" can include parsing, obtaining, selecting, choosing, building, and other similar actions.

[0405] In the accompanying drawings, similar components or features may have the same reference numerals. Furthermore, various components of the same type can be distinguished by adding a dash after the reference numeral and a second reference numeral to differentiate them. If only the first reference numeral is used in the description, the description can be applied to any of the similar components having the same first reference numeral, regardless of the second or other subsequent reference numerals.

[0406] The description herein, illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings, describes an example configuration and does not represent all examples that can be implemented or that are within the scope of the claims. The terms "aspect" or "example" as used herein mean "serving as an aspect, example, instance, or illustration," and not "preferred" or "advantageous over other aspects." The detailed description includes specific details used to provide an understanding of the described techniques. However, these techniques can be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, structures and devices are shown in block diagram form to avoid obscuring the concept of the described examples.

[0407] The description herein is provided to enable those skilled in the art to implement or use this disclosure. Various modifications to this disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of this disclosure. Therefore, this disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein, but should be granted the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A first network entity for wireless communication, the first network entity comprising: Processing system, the processing system being configured to: Send a first request for switching between the first beam refinement scheme and the second beam refinement scheme; Receive a response to the first request from a second network entity, wherein the response indicates acceptance or rejection of the first request; as well as Based on the response, operation is performed according to either the first beam refinement scheme or the second beam refinement scheme; The first beam refinement scheme includes transmitting first report information indicating first beam information, which is related to second beam information, wherein the relationship is unknown to the first network entity, and wherein the first report information is based on first actual reference signal measurement information corresponding to the first beam information; and The second beam refinement scheme includes the transmission of second report information indicating at least a portion of the first beam information, wherein the relationship is known to the first network entity, wherein the second report information is based on predictive reference signal measurement information associated with the first beam information, and wherein the predictive reference signal measurement information is based on the relationship and on second actual reference signal measurement information corresponding to the second beam information.

2. The first network entity according to claim 1, wherein the processing system is configured to: During operation according to the first beam refinement scheme, a second request is sent to the second network entity to send a first set of reference signals based on the first beam information.

3. The first network entity of claim 2, wherein the second request includes an identifier indicating a second set of reference signals transmitted according to the second beam information.

4. The first network entity of claim 1, wherein during operation according to the second beam refinement scheme, the predicted reference signal measurement information and the first beam information are associated with a common space transmission filter.

5. The first network entity according to claim 1, wherein the processing system is configured to: After a period of time following the receipt of the response, a switching operation is performed between the first beam refinement scheme and the second beam refinement scheme based on the acceptance of the first request indicated by the response, wherein: The time period is predefined. The processing system is configured to receive information indicating the time period from the second network entity, or The time period is based on the capabilities of the first network entity.

6. The first network entity according to claim 1, wherein: The response indicates a rejection of the first request; and The processing system is also configured to operate according to either the first beam refinement scheme or the second beam refinement scheme based on the rejection of the first request.

7. The first network entity according to claim 1, wherein: The first request is to switch from operation according to the first beam refinement scheme to operation according to the second beam refinement scheme, and The first request is based on: the identification of the machine learning model by the first network entity based on the first actual reference signal measurement information, or the refinement of the machine learning model based on the first actual reference signal measurement information.

8. The first network entity of claim 7, wherein the first request includes an indication of whether the first request is based on the identifier of the machine learning model or on the refinement of the machine learning model.

9. The first network entity according to claim 1, wherein the processing system is configured to: The recipient receives an indication that the relationship between the first beam information and the second beam information is not provided by the second network entity.

10. The first network entity according to claim 1, wherein the processing system is configured to: Sending a beam refinement request during operation according to the first beam refinement scheme; and In response to the beam refinement request, one or more resource identifiers for the first beam information are received.

11. The first network entity according to claim 10, wherein: The reception of the one or more resource identifiers is based on control information provided by the second network entity; and The control information instructs the second network entity to send a narrow beam reference signal for refining a wider beam reference signal; and The beam refinement request is sent based on the control information.

12. The first network entity according to claim 1, wherein the processing system is configured to: During operation according to the second beam refinement scheme, the second report information is sent based on control information provided by the second network entity, wherein the control information instructs the second network entity to receive the second report information, the second report information being at least partially based on the predicted reference signal measurement information or predicted beam information based on the predicted reference signal measurement information.

13. The first network entity according to claim 1, wherein the processing system is configured to: Sending instructions on capability information, wherein the capability information indicates the ability of the first network entity to switch between operation according to the first beam refinement scheme and operation according to the second beam refinement scheme, wherein... In order to send the first request, the processing system is configured to send the first request based on the capability information.

14. The first network entity of claim 13, wherein the processing system is configured to: Receive a verification message indicating acceptance or rejection of the indication of the capability of the first network entity.

15. The first network entity of claim 13, wherein the capability information indicates one or more capabilities of the first network entity to operate according to one or more machine learning models, the first beam refinement scheme, the second beam refinement scheme, or any combination thereof.

16. The first network entity according to claim 1, wherein the processing system is configured to: Receive an instruction on capability information, wherein the capability information indicates the ability of the second network entity to switch between operation according to the first beam refinement scheme and operation according to the second beam refinement scheme, wherein the response is received based on the capability information.

17. The first network entity of claim 16, wherein the capability information indicates one or more capabilities of the second network entity to operate according to one or more machine learning models, the first beam refinement scheme, the second beam refinement scheme, or any combination thereof.

18. The first network entity according to claim 1, wherein the processing system is configured to: Send a first identifier of a first machine learning model associated with the first beam refinement scheme, a second identifier of a second machine learning model associated with the second beam refinement scheme, or any combination thereof.

19. The first network entity of claim 18, wherein at least one of the first machine learning model or the second machine learning model replaces a corresponding previous machine learning model associated with the first beam refinement scheme or the second beam refinement scheme.

20. The first network entity according to claim 1, wherein: The response indicates acceptance of the first request, and The response includes an indication of the correspondence between the first beam information and the virtual resources associated with the predicted reference signal measurement information.

21. The first network entity of claim 20, wherein the indication of the correspondence is indicated by an association between a first machine learning model associated with the first beam refinement scheme and a second machine learning model associated with the second beam refinement scheme, or by an association between a reference signal resource identifier associated with the first beam information and a virtual resource identifier associated with the virtual resource, or any combination thereof.

22. The first network entity of claim 20, wherein the processing system is configured to receive from the second network entity a message that configures or activates a channel state information report at the first network entity.

23. The first network entity according to claim 1, wherein the processing system is configured to: The first report information is determined based on a first machine learning model; and The second report information is determined based on a second machine learning model.

24. The first network entity according to claim 1, wherein: The first actual reference signal measurement information and the second actual reference signal measurement information are the same actual reference signal measurement information.

25. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: The relationship includes quasi-colocation relationship, communication beam relationship, linear combination relationship, parent-child relationship, or any combination thereof.

26. A first network entity for wireless communication, the first network entity comprising: Processing system, the processing system being configured to: Receive a first request for switching between the first beam refinement scheme and the second beam refinement scheme; Send a response to the first request to a second network entity, wherein the response indicates acceptance or rejection of the first request; as well as Based on the response, operation is performed according to either the first beam refinement scheme or the second beam refinement scheme; The first beam refinement scheme includes transmitting first report information indicating first beam information, which is related to second beam information, wherein the relationship is unknown to the first network entity, and wherein the first report information is based on first actual reference signal measurement information corresponding to the first beam information; and The second beam refinement scheme includes sending second report information indicating at least a portion of the first beam information, wherein the relationship is known to the first network entity, and wherein the second report information is based on predictive reference signal measurement information associated with the first beam information, and wherein the predictive reference signal measurement information is based on the relationship and on second actual reference signal measurement information corresponding to the second beam information.

27. The first network entity of claim 26, wherein the processing system is configured to: During operation according to the first beam refinement scheme, a second request is received to the first network entity to send a first set of reference signals based on the first beam information.

28. The first network entity of claim 27, wherein the second request includes an identifier indicating a second set of reference signals transmitted according to the second beam information.

29. The first network entity of claim 26, wherein during operation of the second beam refinement scheme, the predicted reference signal measurement information and the first beam information are associated with a common space transmission filter.

30. The first network entity according to claim 26, wherein, In order to operate according to the response, the processing system is configured to: After a period of time following the receipt of the response, a switching operation is performed between the first beam refinement scheme and the second beam refinement scheme based on the acceptance of the first request indicated by the response, wherein: The time period is predefined. The processing system is configured to send information indicating the time period to the second network entity, or The time period is based on the capabilities of the second network entity.

31. The first network entity according to claim 26, wherein: The response indicates a rejection of the first request; and The processing system is also configured to operate according to either the first beam refinement scheme or the second beam refinement scheme based on the rejection of the first request.

32. The first network entity according to claim 26, wherein: The first request is to switch from operation according to the first beam refinement scheme to operation in the second beam refinement scheme, and The first request is based on: the identification of the machine learning model by the second network entity based on the first actual reference signal measurement information, or the refinement of the machine learning model based on the first actual reference signal measurement information.

33. The first network entity of claim 32, wherein the first request includes an indication of whether the first request is based on the identifier of the machine learning model or on the refinement of the machine learning model.

34. The first network entity according to claim 26, wherein the processing system is configured to: Sending an indication regarding the relationship between the first beam information and the second beam information is not provided by the first network entity.

35. The first network entity according to claim 26, wherein the processing system is configured to: Receive a beam refinement request during operation according to the first beam refinement scheme; and In response to the beam refinement request, one or more resource identifiers for the first beam information are sent.

36. The first network entity according to claim 35, wherein: The transmission of the one or more resource identifiers is based on control information provided by the first network entity; and The control information instructs the first network entity to send a narrow beam reference signal for refining a wider beam reference signal; and The beam refinement request is received based on the control information.

37. The first network entity of claim 26, wherein the processing system is configured to: During operation according to the second beam refinement scheme, the second report information is received based on control information provided by the first network entity, wherein the control information indicates that the first network entity is capable of receiving the second report information, the second report information being at least partially based on the prediction reference signal measurement information or prediction beam information based on the prediction reference signal measurement information.

38. The first network entity of claim 26, wherein the processing system is configured to: Receives an instruction on capability information, wherein the capability information indicates the ability of the second network entity to switch between operation according to the first beam refinement scheme and operation according to the second beam refinement scheme, wherein... In order to send the first request, the processing system is configured to send the first request based on the capability information.

39. The first network entity according to claim 38, wherein the processing system is configured to: Send a verification message indicating acceptance or rejection of the indication of the capability of the second network entity.

40. The first network entity of claim 38, wherein the capability information indicates one or more capabilities of the second network entity to operate according to one or more machine learning models, the first beam refinement scheme, the second beam refinement scheme, or any combination thereof.

41. The first network entity of claim 26, wherein the processing system is configured to: Sending an instruction for capability information, wherein the capability information indicates the ability of the first network entity to switch between operation according to the first beam refinement scheme and operation according to the second beam refinement scheme, wherein the response is received based on the capability information.

42. The first network entity of claim 41, wherein the capability information indicates one or more capabilities of the second network entity to operate according to one or more machine learning models, the first beam refinement scheme, the second beam refinement scheme, or any combination thereof.

43. The first network entity of claim 26, wherein the processing system is configured to: Receive a first identifier of a first machine learning model associated with the first beam refinement scheme, a second identifier of a second machine learning model associated with the second beam refinement scheme, or any combination thereof.

44. The first network entity of claim 43, wherein at least one of the first machine learning model or the second machine learning model replaces a corresponding previous machine learning model associated with the first beam refinement scheme or the second beam refinement scheme.

45. The first network entity according to claim 26, wherein: The response indicates acceptance of the first request, and The response includes an indication of the correspondence between the first beam information and the virtual resources associated with the predicted reference signal measurement information.

46. ​​The first network entity of claim 45, wherein the indication of the correspondence is indicated by an association between a first machine learning model associated with the first beam refinement scheme and a second machine learning model associated with the second beam refinement scheme, or by an association between a reference signal resource identifier associated with the first beam information and a virtual resource identifier associated with the virtual resource, or any combination thereof.

47. The first network entity of claim 45, wherein the processing system is configured to send a message from the second network entity configuring or activating a channel state information report at the second network entity.

48. The first network entity of claim 26, wherein the processing system is configured to: The first report information is determined based on a first machine learning model; and The second report information is determined based on a second machine learning model.

49. The first network entity according to claim 26, wherein: The first actual reference signal measurement information and the second actual reference signal measurement information are the same actual reference signal measurement information.

50. The apparatus according to claim 26, wherein: The relationship includes quasi-colocation relationship, communication beam relationship, linear combination relationship, parent-child relationship, or any combination thereof.

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