Rice machine transplanting disc operation integrated machine

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of rice seedling cultivation technology, specifically to an integrated rice transplanting tray operation machine, comprising a seedling tray conveyor, a soil preparation structure above the seedling tray conveyor capable of simultaneously laying soil on multiple seedling trays, and a vertical displacement drive component on one side of the seedling tray conveyor capable of raising and lowering the height of the soil preparation structure. The vertical displacement drive component is equipped with a reciprocating deflection drive structure capable of reciprocating and deflecting the soil preparation structure to ensure uniform soil thickness within it. Through the coordinated operation of the seedling tray conveyor, soil preparation structure, vertical displacement drive component, reciprocating deflection drive structure, soil conveyor, soil spiral feeding component, and horizontal displacement drive component, precise measurement and laying of soil within the seedling trays can be achieved, along with efficient soil laying and efficient coordination of various processes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rice seedling cultivation technology, specifically to an integrated machine for rice transplanting tray operation. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of agricultural technology, mechanized seedling raising is becoming increasingly widespread, and the market demand for rice seedling planters continues to grow. However, existing equipment still reveals many problems that urgently need to be solved in practical applications. In terms of the operation process, the operation mode of traditional rice seedling planters is relatively fragmented. The seedling raising process requires the sequential completion of multiple independent steps such as spreading soil, spraying water, brushing soil, sowing, covering soil, and brushing soil and spraying water again. These steps often require manual transfer of seedling trays or switching between different operating equipment, which not only prolongs the overall operation cycle but also makes it easy for the quality of seedling raising to be affected by factors such as bumps and environmental interference during the transfer process. There is a lack of smooth connection mechanism between the various steps, resulting in high time and labor costs.

[0003] A functional rice seedling raising machine with announcement number CN215735736U includes a conveying device. The top of the conveying device is equipped with a fertilizer application device, a soil spreading device, a sowing device, and a soil covering device in sequence from left to right via a limiting frame. The fertilizer application device and the sowing device are of the same specifications, and the soil spreading device and the soil covering device are of the same specifications. The conveying device is equipped with two side plate frames, and a conveyor belt is installed between the two side plate frames.

[0004] A rice seedling tray seeder frame assembly device with announcement number CN204796113U is disclosed. It includes a frame, a covering machine, a seeder, a spreading machine, a water spraying device, a soil brushing roller, and positioning baffles. The covering machine is located on the left side of the frame and is fixedly connected to the frame. The seeder is located on the frame, to the right of the covering machine, and is fixedly connected to the frame. The spreading machine is located on the right side of the frame and is fixedly connected to the frame. The water spraying device is located on the front side of the frame, to the right of the seeder, and is fixedly connected to the frame.

[0005] While existing technologies integrate basic functional modules such as soil spreading, sowing, and covering, the laying of subsoil relies solely on simple mechanical scraping, lacking a precise weighing mechanism. Furthermore, weighing would reduce overall efficiency, making it impossible to achieve both precise control and high efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0006] (a) Technical problems to be solved The purpose of this invention is to provide an integrated machine for rice transplanting tray operation in order to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0007] (II) Technical Solution To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: The present invention provides an integrated rice transplanting tray operation machine, including a seedling tray conveyor. Above the seedling tray conveyor is a soil preparation structure capable of simultaneously laying soil on multiple seedling trays. On one side of the seedling tray conveyor is a vertical displacement drive component capable of raising and lowering the height of the soil preparation structure. The vertical displacement drive component is equipped with a reciprocating deflection drive structure capable of reciprocating deflection of the soil preparation structure to make the soil thickness inside it uniform. Above the subsoil preparation structure is a subsoil conveyor capable of conveying subsoil for preparation. On one side of the subsoil conveyor is a horizontal displacement drive component capable of driving it to move linearly in the horizontal direction. Above the subsoil conveyor is a subsoil spiral feeding component. The first-stage seedling tray conveyor is equipped with a second-stage seedling tray conveyor on one side, and the second-stage seedling tray conveyor is respectively equipped with a seed-spreading mechanism and a soil-covering mechanism.

[0008] Furthermore, the subsoil preparation structure includes a rectangular preparation box with several evenly distributed preparation troughs along its length. The preparation troughs have openings on the upper and lower sides. The upper opening of the preparation trough is used to connect with the subsoil conveyor to receive subsoil, and the lower opening of the preparation trough is used to send the subsoil inside into the seedling tray on a seedling tray conveyor. The lower opening of the preparation trough is provided with an opening and closing valve structure.

[0009] Furthermore, the opening and closing valve structure includes two opposing first opening and closing valve plates. The two first opening and closing valve plates are respectively fixed with seat rods on opposite sides by bolts. A first cylinder is provided between the corresponding ends of the two seat rods. The first cylinder is a double push rod cylinder. The two push rod heads of the first cylinder are respectively fixedly connected to the ends of the two seat rods. The extension and retraction direction of the push rods of the first cylinder is consistent with the width direction of the horizontal direction of the material box. When the push rod of the first cylinder reaches its minimum stroke, the two first opening and closing valve plates are in a near-closed state, thereby closing the opening on the lower side of the material preparation tank. When the push rod of the first cylinder reaches its maximum stroke, the two first opening and closing valve plates are in a far-open state, thereby opening the lower opening of the material preparation tank.

[0010] Furthermore, the vertical displacement drive assembly includes a cuboid-shaped lifting frame, which is located on the outside of the material preparation box. Hydraulic cylinders are respectively installed at the four lower corners of the lifting frame. The push rods of the hydraulic cylinders face upward and are fixedly connected to the lifting frame. Each hydraulic cylinder has a vertical beam on one side, and a guide rod is slidably installed on the upper end of the vertical beam. The upper end of the guide rod is fixedly connected to the lifting frame.

[0011] Furthermore, the reciprocating deflection drive structure includes a first motor fixedly mounted on the lifting frame. The material preparation box has support plates at both ends along its length. One end of a support shaft is fixedly connected to the opposite side of the two support plates. The other end of the support shaft is rotatably connected to the lifting frame. The output shaft of the first motor is connected to one of the support shafts through a reducer. The material preparation box has shoulders on the upper side at both ends along its length. An electronic weighing device for adjusting the material feeding amount by weighing the bottom soil is provided between the shoulders and the corresponding support plates. Two or more second cylinders are provided on the support plates. A positioning insertion hole is opened on the shoulder to be positioned and inserted into the head of the push rod of the second cylinder. When the first motor drives the material box to reciprocate around the support shaft, the push rod of the second cylinder reaches its maximum stroke and its head end engages with the positioning socket. When the material preparation box stops deflecting and is weighed by the electronic weighing device, the push rod head of the second cylinder separates from the positioning socket.

[0012] Furthermore, the horizontal displacement drive assembly includes an upper guide rail and a lower guide rail that are parallel to each other. The soil conveyor has upper track wheels that roll with the upper guide rail on both sides of one end along its conveying direction. The soil conveyor has wheel rods on both sides of the other end along its conveying direction. The lower ends of the two wheel rods are rotatably equipped with lower track wheels that roll with the lower guide rail. The lower sides of both ends of the upper guide rail are equipped with support rods for fixing and supporting it. A third motor is fixed on the support rods. The output shaft of the third motor is connected to a gear. The soil conveyor has a rack that meshes with the gear. The length direction of the rack is consistent with the conveying direction of the soil conveyor.

[0013] Furthermore, the bottom soil spiral feeding assembly includes a bottom soil tank, which is provided with a bracket for supporting it. The bottom of the bottom soil tank is provided with a soil discharge pipe. A central rotating shaft is rotatably provided inside the bottom soil tank and the soil discharge pipe. A spiral rib is provided on the outside of the central rotating shaft. The upper end of the central rotating shaft is driven to rotate by a second motor. The second motor is fixedly mounted on the bottom soil tank by a fixing seat.

[0014] Furthermore, the soil discharge pipe is provided with a second opening and closing valve plate for controlling its on and off, and a third cylinder for driving the second opening and closing valve plate to open and close is fixed on the soil discharge pipe. A U-shaped soil retaining plate is provided on the outside of the soil discharge pipe.

[0015] Furthermore, the seed-spreading mechanism includes a seed conveyor mounted above the two-stage seedling tray conveyor. The seed conveyor is equipped with a seed feeding structure, which includes a seed feeding box. The seed feeding box is equipped with a box support rod for supporting it. A feeding channel is provided on the lower side of the seed feeding box. The outer surface of the conveyor belt of the seed conveyor is provided with several V-shaped troughs evenly distributed along its width direction. The bottom side of the feeding channel and the upper side of the V-shaped troughs are in movable contact with each other.

[0016] Furthermore, the soil covering mechanism includes a soil covering conveyor disposed between the two-stage seedling tray conveyor and the seed conveyor. The soil covering conveyor is equipped with a soil scraping structure, which includes a lifting seat. Both ends of the lifting seat are equipped with electric telescopic rods for driving its lifting and lowering. The lifting seat is equipped with scraper blades, and the lower side of the scraper blades forms an oblique scraping edge that is inclined toward the transmission direction of the soil covering conveyor.

[0017] (III) Beneficial Effects Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. Through the coordinated efforts of the seedling tray conveyor, the bottom soil preparation structure, the vertical displacement drive component, the reciprocating deflection drive structure, the bottom soil conveyor, the bottom soil spiral feeding component, and the horizontal displacement drive component, the bottom soil in the seedling tray can be accurately measured and laid, while the efficient soil laying of the seedling tray and the efficient coordination of each process can be achieved.

[0018] 2. The material preparation box in the subsoil preparation structure has several evenly distributed material preparation troughs that can be precisely aligned with multiple seedling trays at the same time. With the help of a first-stage seedling tray conveyor, the subsoil is laid synchronously on multiple seedling trays. Subsequently, the subsoil laying, sowing and covering are connected in series through the connection between the first-stage seedling tray conveyor and the second-stage seedling tray conveyor. Each process does not require manual transfer or equipment switching, which greatly shortens the single-batch seedling raising cycle and meets the high-efficiency seedling raising needs of large-scale planting.

[0019] 3. The reciprocating deflection drive structure can drive the material preparation box to reciprocate around the support shaft. In conjunction with the second cylinder and the positioning hole, it ensures that the soil thickness in each material preparation trough is uniform. The electronic weighing device between the shoulder and the support plate provides real-time feedback on the weight of the bottom soil, accurately adjusts the amount of material to ensure the accurate laying of the bottom soil in each seedling tray.

[0020] 4. The central rotating shaft and spiral rib of the bottom soil spiral feeding assembly achieve stable feeding. The U-shaped soil retaining plate prevents soil from spilling and scrapes the soil on the bottom soil conveyor. Together with the soil retaining box at the end of the bottom soil conveyor, it ensures that the amount of bottom soil conveyed to the preparation trough is stable and consistent.

[0021] 5. The vertical displacement drive component 3 can drive the bottom soil preparation structure 2 to move up and down, so that when the bottom soil preparation structure 2 is driven to rise to the highest point, it can easily receive the soil conveyed by the bottom soil conveyor 5, and when the bottom soil preparation structure 2 is driven to descend to the lowest point, it can easily connect with the seedling tray on the seedling tray conveyor 1 to lay soil. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is the present invention. Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure in the first direction; Figure 3 This is the present invention. Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the second-direction three-dimensional structure; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the bottom soil spiral feeding component of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the combined structure of the subsoil preparation structure, the vertical displacement driving component, and the reciprocating deflection driving structure of the present invention. Figure 6 This is the present invention. Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure from another direction; Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the subsoil preparation structure of the present invention; Figure 8 This is the present invention. Figure 7 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point A; Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the soil scraping structure of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the seed feeding structure and the seed conveyor cooperation structure of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the horizontal displacement driving component of the present invention; Figure 12 This is the present invention. Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure from another direction.

[0024] The reference numerals in the attached drawings are explained as follows: 1. A single-stage seedling tray conveyor; 2. Subsoil preparation structure; 201. Preparation box; 202. Preparation trough; 203. Seat rod; 204. First opening / closing valve plate; 205. Shoulder; 206. Electronic weighing device; 207. Positioning socket; 208. First cylinder; 3. Vertical displacement drive assembly; 301. Hydraulic cylinder; 302. First frame rod; 303. Second frame rod; 304. Vertical beam; 305. Guide rod; 4. Reciprocating deflection drive structure; 401. First motor; 402. Reducer; 403. Support plate; 404. Second cylinder; 405. Support shaft; 5. Subsoil conveyor; 501. Retaining box; 6. Subsoil spiral feeding assembly; 601. Subsoil hopper; 602. Second motor; 603. Bracket; 604. Central rotating shaft spiral rib. 607. Plate fixing seat; 608. Third cylinder; 609. Second opening and closing valve plate; 6000. U-shaped soil retaining plate; 7. Horizontal displacement drive assembly; 701. Upper guide rail; 702. Support rod; 703. Lower guide rail; 704. Lower track wheel; 705. Wheel rod; 706. Third motor; 707. Upper track wheel; 708. Gear; 709. Rack; 8. Seed feeding structure; 801. Seed feeding box; 802. Feeding channel; 803. Box support rod; 9. Soil scraping structure; 901. Electric telescopic rod; 902. Lifting seat; 903. Scraper blade; 904. Slanted scraper edge; 10. Two-stage seedling tray conveyor; 11. Seed conveyor; 1101. V-shaped trough; 12. Soil covering conveyor; 13. Base; 14. Bottom soil collection box; 15. Electrical control box; 16. Photoelectric sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be described in detail below. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other implementation methods obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0026] See Figures 1-12 As shown, the present invention provides an integrated rice transplanting tray operation machine, including a seedling tray conveyor 1. To achieve synchronous bottom soil laying of multiple seedling trays, a bottom soil preparation structure 2 is provided above the seedling tray conveyor 1. To adapt to the height requirements under different operating scenarios, such as when the bottom soil preparation structure 2 lays soil on the seedling trays on the seedling tray conveyor 1, the bottom soil preparation structure 2 needs to be lowered to approach the seedling tray conveyor 1. When the bottom soil conveyor 5 delivers soil to the bottom soil preparation structure 2, the bottom soil preparation structure 2 needs to be raised to approach the bottom soil conveyor 5. A vertical displacement drive component 3 is provided on one side of the seedling tray conveyor 1, which can adjust the height of the bottom soil preparation structure 2. To ensure uniform soil thickness inside the subsoil preparation structure 2, a reciprocating deflection drive structure 4 is also provided on the vertical displacement drive component 3. In practical applications, to accurately detect the seedling tray conveying position, photoelectric sensors 16 are respectively installed at both ends of the seedling tray conveyor 1 along its transmission direction to determine whether the seedling tray is in place.

[0027] To stably convey subsoil to the subsoil preparation structure 2 for material preparation, a subsoil conveyor 5 is installed above it. To achieve horizontal position adjustment of the subsoil conveyor 5 and ensure accurate delivery of subsoil into each preparation trough 202, a horizontal displacement drive component 7 is installed on one side of the subsoil conveyor 5. Simultaneously, to achieve quantitative feeding and prevent spillage of the subsoil, a subsoil spiral feeding component 6 is installed above the subsoil conveyor 5. In practical applications, a soil retaining box 501 is also installed at the end of the subsoil conveyor 5 along its conveying direction. This soil retaining box 501 can both stop the soil and gather the subsoil downwards, ensuring its accurate falling into the preparation trough 202.

[0028] To complete the subsequent operation process of the seedling tray, a second-stage seedling tray conveyor 10 is provided on one side of the first-stage seedling tray conveyor 1, and the second-stage seedling tray conveyor 10 is respectively equipped with a seed-spreading mechanism for sowing and a soil-covering mechanism for covering the seeds.

[0029] Specifically, see the instruction manual appendix. Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the substrate preparation structure 2 includes a rectangular substrate preparation box 201. To accommodate the simultaneous preparation of substrate for multiple seedling trays, the substrate preparation box 201 has several evenly distributed substrate preparation troughs 202 along its length. The substrate preparation troughs 202 are designed with openings on the upper and lower sides. The upper opening is used to connect with the substrate conveyor 5 to receive substrate soil, while the lower opening is used to send the substrate soil into the seedling trays on the seedling tray conveyor 1. To control the timing of the substrate soil falling, an opening and closing valve structure is provided at the lower opening of the substrate preparation trough 202. The opening and closing valve structure includes two opposing first opening and closing valve plates 204. Each of the two first opening and closing valve plates 204 has a seat rod 203 fixed to its opposite side by bolts. A first cylinder 208 is located between the corresponding ends of the two seat rods 203. The first cylinder 208 is a double-push-rod cylinder, with its two push rod ends fixedly connected to the ends of the two seat rods 203. The extension and retraction direction of the push rods is consistent with the width direction of the material preparation box 201 in the horizontal direction. When the push rod of the first cylinder 208 reaches its minimum stroke, the two first opening and closing valve plates 204 are in a near-closed state, closing the lower opening of the material preparation trough 202. When the push rod of the first cylinder 208 reaches its maximum stroke, the two first opening and closing valve plates 204 are in a far-open state, opening the lower opening of the material preparation trough 202.

[0030] Further details are attached to the instruction manual. Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the vertical displacement drive assembly 3 includes a cuboid-shaped lifting frame, which is specifically composed of two parallel first frame rods 302 and a second frame rod 303 connected to both ends of the two first frame rods 302. The ends of the first frame rods 302 and the second frame rods 303 are fixedly connected to each other by bolts. In practical applications, welding can also be used for fixing as needed. The lifting frame is sleeved on the outside of the material preparation box 201. To achieve lifting drive, hydraulic cylinders 301 are respectively provided at the four lower corners of the lifting frame. The push rod head of the hydraulic cylinder 301 faces upward and is fixedly connected to the lifting frame. To ensure the stability of the lifting process, a vertical beam 304 is provided on one side of each hydraulic cylinder 301. A guide rod 305 is slidably provided on the upper end of the vertical beam 304, and the upper end of the guide rod 305 is fixedly connected to the lifting frame.

[0031] Meanwhile, see the instruction manual appendix. Figure 1 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the reciprocating deflection drive structure 4 includes a first motor 401 fixedly mounted on the lifting frame. Support plates 403 are provided at both ends of the material preparation box 201 along its length. One end of a support shaft 405 is fixedly connected to the opposite side of each of the two support plates 403. The other end of the support shaft 405 is rotatably connected to the lifting frame. The output shaft of the first motor 401 is connected to one of the support shafts 405 via a reducer 402 to drive the material preparation box 201 to rotate around the support shaft 405. Shoulders 205 are provided on the upper sides of both ends of the material preparation box 201 along its length. An electronic weighing device 206 is provided between the shoulder 205 and the corresponding support plate 403 for adjusting the material feeding amount based on the feedback of the weighed soil volume. To balance the stability of the deflection process and the accuracy of the weighing, two or more second cylinders 404 are provided on the support plate 403. Positioning insertion holes 207 are provided on the shoulder 205 to engage with the push rod head of the second cylinder 404. When the first motor 401 drives the material box 201 to reciprocate around the support shaft 405, the push rod of the second cylinder 404 reaches its maximum stroke and its head engages with the positioning socket 207 to ensure stable deflection. When the material box 201 stops deflecting and is weighed by the electronic weighing device 206, the push rod head of the second cylinder 404 separates from the positioning socket 207 to avoid affecting the weighing accuracy.

[0032] For details on the structure of the horizontal displacement drive component 7, please refer to the appendix of the instruction manual. Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 11 and Figure 12As shown, it includes an upper guide rail 701 and a lower guide rail 703 distributed parallel to each other. At one end of the soil conveyor 5 along its conveying direction, upper track wheels 707 are provided on both sides, rollingly engaging with the upper guide rail 701. At the other end, wheel rods 705 are provided on both sides. The lower ends of the two wheel rods 705 are rotatably connected to lower track wheels 704, rollingly engaging with the lower guide rail 703, to achieve smooth sliding of the soil conveyor 5. To provide fixed support for the guide rails, support rods 702 are provided on the lower sides of both ends of the upper guide rail 701. A third motor 706 is fixedly mounted on the support rods 702. A gear 708 is connected to the output shaft end of the third motor 706. A rack 709 is provided on the soil conveyor 5, meshing with the gear 708. The length direction of the rack 709 is consistent with the conveying direction of the soil conveyor 5. Through the meshing transmission of the gear 708 and the rack 709, the horizontal displacement adjustment of the soil conveyor 5 is achieved.

[0033] See instruction manual attached Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the bottom soil spiral feeding assembly 6 includes a bottom soil tank 601, which is supported and fixed by a bracket 603. A discharge pipe is located at the bottom of the tank. A central rotating shaft 604 is rotatably mounted inside the bottom soil tank 601 and the discharge pipe. Spiral ribs 605 are located on the outer side of the central rotating shaft 604. The upper end of the central rotating shaft 604 is driven to rotate by a second motor 602, which is fixedly mounted on the bottom soil tank 601 via a fixing seat 606. To control the opening and closing of the discharge pipe, a second opening / closing valve plate 608 is provided on the discharge pipe, and a third cylinder 607 is fixedly mounted on the discharge pipe to drive the opening and closing of the second opening / closing valve plate 608. To prevent bottom soil spillage and to level the soil on the bottom soil conveyor 5, a U-shaped retaining plate 609 is provided on the outer side of the discharge pipe.

[0034] For seed-spreading mechanisms, see the instruction manual. Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 10 As shown, it includes a seed conveyor 11 positioned above the two-stage seedling tray conveyor 10. The seed conveyor 11 has a seed feeding structure 8, which includes a seed feeding box 801 supported by a box support rod 803. A feeding channel 802 is located on its lower side. To achieve uniform seed feeding, the outer surface of the conveyor belt of the seed conveyor 11 has several uniformly distributed V-shaped troughs 1101 along its width direction. The bottom side of the feeding channel 802 and the upper side of the V-shaped troughs 1101 are in movable contact with each other, ensuring that the seeds can accurately fall into the V-shaped troughs 1101.

[0035] The specific structure of the soil covering mechanism is as follows (see attached instruction manual). Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 9As shown, it includes a soil covering conveyor 12 disposed between a two-stage seedling tray conveyor 10 and a seed conveyor 11. The soil covering conveyor 12 is provided with a soil scraping structure 9, which includes a lifting seat 902. The two ends of the lifting seat 902 are provided with electric telescopic rods 901 for driving its lifting and lowering. The lifting seat 902 is provided with a scraper 903. The lower side of the scraper 903 forms an inclined scraping edge 904 that is inclined toward the transmission direction of the soil covering conveyor 12, so as to achieve the leveling and uniform covering of the soil.

[0036] To further enhance the stability and practicality of the equipment, a base 13 can be installed below the first-stage seedling tray conveyor 1 and the second-stage seedling tray conveyor 10 in practical applications. Components such as the hydraulic cylinder 301, vertical beam 304, bracket 603, support rod 702, and lower guide rail 703 are all fixedly mounted on the base 13. The base 13 provides a stable installation reference surface, ensuring more precise connection and coordination between the first-stage seedling tray conveyor 1, the subsoil preparation structure 2, the vertical displacement drive assembly 3, the subsoil conveyor 5, the subsoil spiral feeding assembly 6, the horizontal displacement drive assembly 7, and the second-stage seedling tray conveyor 10. Furthermore, a subsoil collection box 14 located below the first-stage seedling tray conveyor 1 can be detached from the base 13 to collect soil spilled during operation, preventing waste. Simultaneously, an electrical control box 15 is also installed on the base 13 for overall control of the operation of all equipment components.

[0037] Working principle of the invention: In use, the seedling trays are conveyed in a straight line to a seedling tray conveyor 1. Once the photoelectric sensors 16 at both ends of the conveying direction detect the seedling trays' arrival, the seedling tray conveyor 1 stops conveying the trays. At this point, the vertical positions of each material preparation trough 202 correspond to the vertical positions of each seedling tray. Then, the vertical displacement drive assembly 3 drives the bottom soil preparation structure 2 downwards, making it fit against each seedling tray. The first cylinder 208 drives the two first opening and closing valve plates 204 to open away from each other. At this time, the soil of uniform thickness formed in each material preparation trough 202 falls into each seedling tray. In practical applications, the horizontal cross-sectional shape and size of the material preparation trough 202 correspond to the horizontal cross-sectional shape of the seedling tray. The sizes of the seedling trays are the same or slightly smaller. Under low height conditions, the bottom soil laid in the preparation trough 202 can fall directly into each seedling tray. The vertical displacement drive component 3 drives the preparation box 201 to rise and approach the bottom soil conveyor 5. The first cylinder 208 drives the two first opening and closing valve plates 204 to approach each other to achieve closure. The first seedling tray conveyor 1 transports each seedling tray with bottom soil to the second seedling tray conveyor 10, while the empty seedling trays continue to be transported to the first seedling tray conveyor 1. During the transport of the seedling trays by the first seedling tray conveyor 1, the reciprocating deflection drive structure 4, the bottom soil conveyor 5, the bottom soil spiral feeding component 6 and the horizontal displacement drive component 7 work together to achieve quantitative soil addition to each preparation trough 202. When adding soil to each preparation trough 202 in a quantitative manner, the bottom soil spiral feeding assembly 6 is activated. The second motor 602 drives the central shaft 604 and the outer spiral rib 605 inside the bottom soil tank 601 to rotate, conveying the bottom soil downwards. The third cylinder 607 controls the second opening and closing valve plate 608 on the soil discharge pipe to open, and the bottom soil falls through the soil discharge pipe. The outer U-shaped soil retaining plate 609 prevents soil spillage and also levels the bottom soil on the bottom soil conveyor 5, thereby ensuring a consistent height of the conveyed bottom soil. This allows for better control of the amount of soil added in each time period when adding soil to the preparation trough 202. To avoid inconsistent soil volume, in practical applications, the conveyor belt cross-section of the subsoil conveyor 5 can be V-shaped to prevent soil from spilling from both sides of the conveyor during transport. This also allows for better coordination with the U-shaped retaining plate 609. Simultaneously, the horizontal displacement drive assembly 7 begins operation. The third motor 706, fixed to the support rod 702, drives the gear 708 to rotate. The gear 708 meshes with the rack 709 on the subsoil conveyor 5, causing the conveyor 5 to move horizontally along the upper guide rail 701 and lower guide rail 703 via the upper track wheel 707 and lower track wheel 704, respectively. The subsoil conveyor 5 then... The retaining box 501 at the end gathers the conveyed subsoil and precisely feeds it into several storage troughs 202 of the storage box 201 in the subsoil storage structure 2; the electronic weighing device 206 between the shoulder 205 and the support plate 403 weighs the subsoil in the storage troughs 202 and sends a signal back to adjust the feeding amount. When adding soil, the weighing increases in a quantitative manner. For example, after adding soil of weight X to the first storage trough 202, the horizontal displacement drive component 7 drives the subsoil conveyor 5 to move and add soil to the second storage trough 202. After adding soil of weight X again, soil is then added to the third storage trough 202, and so on. Next, soil is added to all the material preparation troughs 202. Then, the reciprocating deflection drive structure 4 is started. The first motor 401 drives the support shaft 405 to rotate through the reducer 402, causing the material preparation box 201 to reciprocate around the support shaft 405. At this time, the push rod of the second cylinder 404 extends to its maximum stroke, and its head end is inserted into the positioning hole 207 on the shoulder 205 of the material preparation box 201 to ensure the stability of the deflection process, thereby making the bottom soil thickness in each material preparation trough 202 evenly spread. After that, the hydraulic cylinder 301 of the vertical displacement drive component 3 drives the material preparation box 201 to descend and complete another round of bottom soil laying in the seedling tray. After the seedling trays are covered with the bottom soil, they are conveyed to the second-stage seedling tray conveyor 10 on one side of the first-stage seedling tray conveyor 1. The sowing mechanism is activated, and the seed feeding box 801 is fixed by the box support rod 803. The feeding channel 802 on its lower side is in contact with the V-shaped trough 1101 on the outer surface of the conveyor belt of the seed conveyor 11. The seeds fall into the V-shaped trough 1101 through the feeding channel 802 and are evenly spread on the bottom soil surface of the seedling trays as the seed conveyor 11 operates. Immediately afterwards, the soil covering mechanism works. The soil covering conveyor 12 conveys the soil covering to the top of the seedling trays. The electric telescopic rod 901 of the soil scraping structure 9 drives the lifting seat 902 to adjust the height. The scraper 903 on the lifting seat 902 uses its inclined scraping edge 903 on its lower side that is inclined towards the soil covering conveying direction. 04. After the soil is leveled on the soil covering conveyor 12, it is conveyed to cover the seed surface of the seedling tray. In practical applications, after the soil covering is completed, a water spray head can be set on the second-stage seedling tray conveyor 10 to spray water on the surface of the seedling tray after soil covering. During the entire operation, the base 13 provides a stable installation benchmark for components such as hydraulic cylinder 301, vertical beam 304, and bracket 603 to ensure precise connection of each structure. The bottom soil collection box 14 is detachably set on the base 13 and located below the first-stage seedling tray conveyor 1 to collect the bottom soil spilled during the operation. The electrical control box 15 coordinates the linkage of various motors, cylinders, electric telescopic rods, conveyors, and sensors to realize the automation and precision of the entire operation process.

[0038] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A rice machine transplanting disc operation integrated machine, characterized in that: Includes a seedling tray conveyor (1), above which is a soil preparation structure (2) capable of simultaneously laying soil on multiple seedling trays, and on one side of the seedling tray conveyor (1) is a vertical displacement drive assembly (3) capable of adjusting the height of the soil preparation structure (2), and on the vertical displacement drive assembly (3) is a reciprocating deflection drive structure (4) capable of reciprocating deflection of the soil preparation structure (2) to make the soil thickness inside it uniform. The subsoil preparation structure (2) is provided with a subsoil conveyor (5) above it, which can transport subsoil to it for preparation. A horizontal displacement drive assembly (7) is provided on one side of the subsoil conveyor (5) that can drive it to move in a straight line in the horizontal direction. A subsoil spiral feeding assembly (6) is provided above the subsoil conveyor (5). The first-stage seedling tray conveyor (1) is provided with a second-stage seedling tray conveyor (10) on one side, and the second-stage seedling tray conveyor (10) is provided with a seed-spreading mechanism and a soil-covering mechanism respectively.

2. The rice transplanter with integrated tray operation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The subsoil preparation structure (2) includes a preparation box (201) in the shape of a cuboid. The preparation box (201) has several preparation troughs (202) evenly distributed along its length. The preparation troughs (202) have openings on the upper and lower sides. The upper opening of the preparation trough (202) is used to connect with the subsoil conveyor (5) to receive subsoil. The lower opening of the preparation trough (202) is used to send the subsoil inside into the seedling tray on a seedling tray conveyor (1). The lower opening of the preparation trough (202) is provided with an opening and closing valve structure.

3. The integrated rice transplanter with a tray as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The opening and closing valve structure includes two opposing first opening and closing valve plates (204). The two first opening and closing valve plates (204) are respectively fixed with seat rods (203) on opposite sides by bolts. A first cylinder (208) is provided between the two corresponding ends of the two seat rods (203). The first cylinder (208) is a double push rod cylinder. The two push rod heads of the first cylinder (208) are respectively fixedly connected to the ends of the two seat rods (203). The extension and retraction direction of the push rod of the first cylinder (208) is consistent with the width direction of the horizontal direction of the material box (201). When the push rod of the first cylinder (208) reaches its minimum stroke, the two first opening and closing valve plates (204) are in a near-closed state, thereby closing the lower opening of the material preparation tank (202); When the push rod of the first cylinder (208) reaches its maximum stroke, the two first opening and closing valve plates (204) are in a state of being far from open, thereby opening the lower opening of the material preparation tank (202).

4. The integrated rice transplanter with a tray as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The vertical displacement drive assembly (3) includes a lifting frame in the shape of a cuboid. The lifting frame is located on the outside of the material preparation box (201). Hydraulic cylinders (301) are respectively provided at the four lower corners of the lifting frame. The push rod head of the hydraulic cylinder (301) faces upward and is fixedly connected to the lifting frame. A vertical beam (304) is provided on one side of each hydraulic cylinder (301). A guide rod (305) is slidably provided on the upper end of the vertical beam (304). The upper end of the guide rod (305) is fixedly connected to the lifting frame.

5. The rice transplanter with integrated tray operation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The reciprocating deflection drive structure (4) includes a first motor (401) fixedly mounted on the lifting frame. The material preparation box (201) has support plates (403) at both ends along its length. The two support plates (403) are respectively fixedly connected to one end of a support shaft (405) on opposite sides. The other end of the support shaft (405) is rotatably connected to the lifting frame. The output shaft end of the first motor (401) is connected to one of the support shafts (405) through a reducer (402). The material preparation box (201) has shoulders (205) on the upper side at both ends along its length. An electronic weighing device (206) for adjusting the material discharge amount by weighing the bottom soil volume feedback is provided between the shoulders (205) and the corresponding support plates (403). The support plates (403) have two or more second cylinders (404). The shoulders (205) have positioning holes (207) that are positioned and inserted into the push rod head of the second cylinder (404). When the first motor (401) drives the material box (201) to reciprocate around the support shaft (405), the push rod of the second cylinder (404) reaches its maximum stroke and its head end is engaged with the positioning socket (207). When the material box (201) stops deflecting and is weighed by the electronic weigher (206), the push rod head of the second cylinder (404) separates from the positioning socket (207).

6. The integrated rice transplanter with a tray as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The horizontal displacement drive assembly (7) includes an upper guide rail (701) and a lower guide rail (703) that are parallel to each other. The soil conveyor (5) has upper track wheels (707) that roll with the upper guide rail (701) on both sides of one end along its conveying direction. The soil conveyor (5) has wheel rods (705) on both sides of the other end along its conveying direction. The lower ends of the two wheel rods (705) are rotatably provided with lower track wheels (704) that roll with the lower guide rail (703). The lower sides of both ends of the upper guide rail (701) are provided with support rods (702) for fixing and supporting it. A third motor (706) is fixed on the support rod (702). The output shaft end of the third motor (706) is connected to a gear (708). The soil conveyor (5) has a rack (709) that meshes with the gear (708). The length direction of the rack (709) is consistent with the conveying direction of the soil conveyor (5).

7. The integrated rice transplanter with a tray as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom soil spiral feeding assembly (6) includes a bottom soil tank (601), a bracket (603) for supporting the bottom soil tank (601), a soil discharge pipe at the bottom of the bottom soil tank (601), a central rotating shaft (604) rotatably installed inside the bottom soil tank (601) and the soil discharge pipe, a spiral rib plate (605) on the outside of the central rotating shaft (604), and the upper end of the central rotating shaft (604) is driven to rotate by a second motor (602), which is fixedly installed on the bottom soil tank (601) by a fixing seat (606).

8. The rice transplanter with integrated tray operation according to claim 7, characterized in that: The excavation pipe is provided with a second opening and closing valve plate (608) for controlling its opening and closing, and a third cylinder (607) for driving the second opening and closing valve plate (608) to open and close is fixed on the excavation pipe. A U-shaped soil retaining plate (609) is provided on the outside of the excavation pipe.

9. The integrated rice transplanter with a tray as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The seed-spreading mechanism includes a seed conveyor (11) set above the two-stage seedling tray conveyor (10). The seed conveyor (11) is provided with a seed feeding structure (8). The seed feeding structure (8) includes a seed feeding box (801). The seed feeding box (801) is provided with a box support rod (803) for supporting it. The seed feeding box (801) is provided with a feeding channel (802) on its lower side. The outer surface of the conveyor belt of the seed conveyor (11) is provided with several V-shaped troughs (1101) evenly distributed along its width direction. The bottom side of the feeding channel (802) and the upper side of the V-shaped troughs (1101) are in movable contact with each other.

10. The integrated rice transplanter with a tray as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The soil covering mechanism includes a soil covering conveyor (12) set between the two-stage seedling tray conveyor (10) and the seed conveyor (11). The soil covering conveyor (12) is provided with a soil scraping structure (9). The soil scraping structure (9) includes a lifting seat (902). Both ends of the lifting seat (902) are provided with electric telescopic rods (901) for driving its lifting and lowering. The lifting seat (902) is provided with a scraper (903). The lower side of the scraper (903) forms an oblique scraping edge (904) that is inclined toward the transmission direction of the soil covering conveyor (12).

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