A production method for preparing artificial ground using various types of stones

Abstract

This invention discloses a production method for preparing artificial land using various types of stones, a complete technology for preparing artificial soil through on-site crushing and application to the comprehensive transformation of national land. This invention employs on-site mobile processing, avoiding transportation costs. A single unit can produce soil for 1500 mu (approximately 100 hectares) annually, with a standard farmland cost of only 2658 yuan per mu, and the cost of remediating polluted farmland not exceeding 10,000 yuan per mu. The produced soil has a thickness of 33.3 cm, does not compact, and has extremely high water retention; even after 10 days at high temperatures, the moisture content of the lower layer still reaches 70%. Heavy metal content in the soil and agricultural products is far below national standards, mercury was not detected, and it is safe to grow all grains and vegetables. This invention can be applied on a large scale to the remediation of polluted farmland and the enhancement of carbon sequestration in industrial areas. It can rapidly increase soil carbon sequestration, lower temperatures, and transform ineffective rocky land into high-yield farmland, completely solving global problems such as the extremely slow formation, rapid loss, non-renewability, arable land shortage, and global warming of natural soils. One-time transformation benefits millennia, possessing extremely high economic, ecological, and social value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the fields of agricultural soil engineering, ecological environment management, land space remediation and climate change response technology, and specifically relates to a production method for preparing artificial land using various types of stones. Background Technology

[0002] Natural soil is a core resource for human survival and agricultural production. The scientific community has clearly confirmed that under natural conditions, it takes two to three thousand years to form 10 centimeters of effective arable soil, making it a typical non-renewable resource. Since industrialization, soil erosion and degradation have been continuously exacerbated globally. Public data shows that the rate of topsoil loss is 10 to 40 times faster than the rate of natural replenishment. Since the mid-20th century, 30% of the world's arable land has lost its productive capacity due to soil erosion, and relevant organizations predict that by 2025, 75% of the Earth's land will have experienced varying degrees of degradation. Simultaneously, global warming continues, extreme weather events are becoming more frequent, and disasters such as floods, wildfires, and high temperatures are significantly increasing, further accelerating soil degradation and water loss.

[0003] Current soil improvement and farmland remediation technologies mainly rely on the application of organic fertilizers, peat, humus, and soil conditioners, or on the backfilling of soil from other sites to thicken the soil layer. These technologies generally suffer from significant drawbacks, including limited raw material sources, high production costs, low construction efficiency, difficulty in large-scale implementation, and inability to rapidly increase arable land area. For areas with little or no soil, such as steep slopes, rocky beaches, rocky embankments, and rocky desertification areas, existing technologies cannot effectively construct a soil layer, making vegetation difficult to survive, resulting in extremely poor water and fertilizer retention capacity. Furthermore, exposed rocks absorb large amounts of solar radiation, further exacerbating regional temperature increases and climate deterioration. In addition, some farmland in my country suffers from heavy metal pollution; traditional remediation methods are time-consuming, costly, and prone to secondary pollution, making it difficult to quickly achieve food safety in production.

[0004] In conclusion, existing technologies cannot simultaneously meet the multiple demands of rapid soil production, low-cost expansion of cultivation, safe agricultural production, enhanced soil carbon sequestration, surface water conservation, reduction of regional temperature, mitigation of climate change, and transformation of national land space. There is an urgent need for a new, efficient, low-cost, and safe artificial soil preparation and application technology to fundamentally solve the global survival crisis caused by the superposition of natural soil scarcity, degradation, pollution, and climate deterioration. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Addressing the shortcomings of existing technologies, such as the extremely slow formation of natural soil, rapid soil loss, non-renewability, high remediation costs, difficulty in remediating polluted farmland, inability to utilize stony land, insufficient carbon sequestration capacity, and exacerbation of climate deterioration, this invention provides a comprehensive method for preparing high-standard artificial soil using various natural rocks such as limestone, sandstone, shale, karst, and coal gangue as raw materials through on-site crushing and processing. This method is then systematically applied to farmland construction, pollution remediation, ecological governance, carbon sequestration enhancement, and standardized land reclamation. This invention aims to achieve: rapid and large-scale production of high-quality arable soil; significantly reduced soil production costs; absolute safety of agricultural products; significantly improved soil water retention and carbon storage capacity; effective mitigation of climate change; and the transformation of ineffective stony land into permanent high-yield farmland and forest land. Ultimately, this achieves the comprehensive goals of sufficient food supply, optimized ecological environment, improved national landscape, and sustainable development of the human living environment.

[0006] The technical solution of this invention is implemented as follows: a production method for preparing artificial land using multiple types of stones, wherein the raw materials are selected from any one or more of limestone, blue sandstone, Shuiwei shale, Xuyong shale, Luzhou Yunlong shale, Danshan rock, and coal gangue, and are compounded in any proportion. All raw materials are natural rocks with abundant surface reserves, and no other components such as peat, organic fertilizer, chemical conditioners, or exogenous soil are added. Large-scale on-site crushers are used to achieve on-site material sourcing, crushing, and laying, avoiding the increased costs of long-distance transportation. The crushers have a stable output of 250 to 300 tons of rock powder per hour. A unified measurement method is adopted, which converts 1.5 tons of rock powder into 1 cubic meter of standard artificial soil. Based on the planting scenario, the rock powder is divided into fine stone powder and coarse stone powder. Fine stone powder is used exclusively as soil for paddy fields, while coarse stone powder is used exclusively as soil for dryland planting and afforestation. The artificial soil is uniformly laid to a thickness of 33.3 cm in farmland. The total amount of artificial soil used per 667 square meters of standard farmland is 220 cubic meters. The on-site construction labor cost is 9 yuan / cubic meter. The total cost of diesel fuel consumption, electricity consumption, equipment maintenance and spare parts loss is 3 yuan / cubic meter. The total cost of artificial soil per 667 square meters of standard farmland is 2658 yuan. A single crusher can produce 2,000 tons of rock powder, equivalent to 1,330 cubic meters of standard soil, by working continuously for 8 hours a day. It can complete the laying of 6 mu of land per day, 150 mu per month, and 1,500 mu of high-quality soil farmland per year. The artificial soil prepared has the characteristics of not compacting, loose texture, and strong air permeability and water retention. Under the condition of 10 consecutive days of high temperature and sunny weather, the moisture content of the soil layer below 10 cm can still be maintained at 70%. Rice, corn, soybeans, peas, sweet potatoes, potatoes, green beans, cowpeas, peppers, eggplants, green vegetables, cabbage, radishes, lettuce, garlic, and onions can be directly planted. The growth and yield of these crops reach the level of the best natural fertile fields in the local area.

[0007] Furthermore, when limestone is used alone as a raw material, the pH value of the prepared limestone-based artificial soil is 8.73. According to the test results of the Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, the total arsenic content is 3.7 mg / kg, the total mercury content is 0.029 mg / kg, the total lead content is 0.9 mg / kg, the total cadmium content is 0.56 mg / kg, and the total chromium content is 21.0 mg / kg. All indicators meet the requirements of the "National Technical Regulations for Safety Assessment of Heavy Metals in Agricultural Product Origin". Rice grown in this soil yielded 15 jin of dry rice in an 8-square-meter experimental field, equivalent to 1111 jin per mu. The harvested rice was tested and found to have a total arsenic content of 0.094 mg / kg, no total mercury detected, a total lead content of 0.067 mg / kg, a total cadmium content of 0.031 mg / kg, and a total chromium content of 0.267 mg / kg. All heavy metal contents were far below the national food safety limits, making it suitable for long-term large-scale safe rice production. The rice produced meets the requirements for green food and organic food cultivation.

[0008] Furthermore, when blue sandstone is used alone as a raw material, the prepared blue sandstone-based artificial soil has a pH value of 8.46, and the total arsenic content is 4.6 mg / kg, the total mercury content is 0.036 mg / kg, the total lead content is 15.9 mg / kg, the total cadmium content is 0.54 mg / kg, and the total chromium content is 61.0 mg / kg, which meets the standards for safe use of farmland soil. When corn is planted in this soil, the plant growth, plant height, leaf color, and ear development are all consistent with those of the traditional fertile dryland. The maximum number of rows of ears can reach 20, and the yield per mu is no less than 1,000 jin. The harvested corn was tested and found to have a total arsenic content of 0.010 mg / kg, no total mercury detected, a total lead content of 0.117 mg / kg, a total cadmium content of 0.002 mg / kg, and a total chromium content of 0.318 mg / kg. The safety level is better than the national standard, and it can be widely used for planting dryland grain crops such as corn, wheat, and potatoes.

[0009] Furthermore, when Shuiwei Shale is used alone as raw material, the prepared shale-based artificial soil has a pH value of 7.42, and the total arsenic content is 4.5 mg / kg, the total mercury content is 0.010 mg / kg, the total lead content is 28.5 mg / kg, the total cadmium content is 0.58 mg / kg, and the total chromium content is 98.5 mg / kg, which meets the safety requirements for arable soil. When rice was grown in this soil, an 8-square-meter experimental field yielded 17 jin of dry rice, equivalent to 1416 jin per mu. The highest number of grains per rice panicle was 502. The length of the panicle, grain density, and grain plumpness all significantly exceeded those of the local traditional fertile farmland, demonstrating ultra-high yield characteristics. It can be used as the first choice for high-quality soil replacement and expansion of cultivation in major rice-producing areas.

[0010] Furthermore, when Xuyong shale and Luzhou Yunlong shale are used alone or in combination as raw materials, the pH value of the artificial soil based on Xuyong shale is 8.22, the total arsenic content is 2.4 mg / kg, the total mercury content is 0.014 mg / kg, and the total cadmium content is 0.61 mg / kg; the pH value of the artificial soil based on Luzhou Yunlong shale is 8.72, the total arsenic content is 3.7 mg / kg, the total mercury content is 0.025 mg / kg, and the total cadmium content is 0.63 mg / kg. When the two types of shale soil are mixed, their physical and chemical properties are stable and the heavy metals are evenly distributed. The overall indicators are still lower than the national standard limits. It can be used for crop rotation of rice, corn, soybeans and various vegetables. It has a high germination rate, strong growth and strong resistance to adverse conditions. It does not cause continuous cropping obstacles and is suitable for the construction of large-scale and standardized commercial grain and vegetable bases.

[0011] Furthermore, artificial soil can be directly laid on the surface of polluted or degraded farmland without the need for off-site soil replacement, chemical passivating agents, or large-scale soil tillage. Only a small amount of surface paving and short-distance transportation costs are added to the original soil creation cost, and the total restoration cost per acre of farmland can be reduced to no more than 10,000 yuan to complete permanent restoration. Artificial soil itself has extremely low heavy metal content, which can effectively block the upward migration of harmful substances from the underlying polluted soil. The roots of crops mainly grow in the artificial soil layer, greatly reducing the amount of heavy metals absorbed. Agricultural products that meet national safety standards can be harvested in the same year they are planted. The remediation cycle is short, the effect is fast, and there is no secondary pollution. It can quickly restore the productivity of arable land and the ability to ensure food security.

[0012] Furthermore, taking high carbon dioxide emission areas such as coal-fired power plants and smelters as the center, a fixed radius is drawn outward as an ecological transformation circle, and all hard-shell land, slopes, wasteland, and scattered construction waste plots within the transformation circle are included in the transformation scope. Excavators are used to dig to a depth of 50 centimeters, and rocks, soil, and construction waste are fed into a crusher to be crushed on-site, mixed and prepared into artificial soil, which is then evenly spread to a thickness of 50 centimeters. The total cost of the renovation is about 20,000 yuan per acre. After the transformation, the total carbon storage of the soil in the area is more than twice that of the original ground. High-yield crops and tall, fast-growing trees are planted simultaneously to form a composite carbon sink system of "thick artificial soil + crops + trees". This system can efficiently absorb carbon dioxide, dust and harmful gases, reduce regional temperature, conserve water resources and purify the air. Within three years, the carbon emissions of the industrial area and the carbon absorption of the ecosystem can be basically balanced, which will help achieve the carbon neutrality goal ahead of schedule.

[0013] Furthermore, for the rocky slopes and bare rock slopes at the source of the river and on both banks, terraces of appropriate size and with good drainage are constructed according to the terrain, without large-scale excavation and filling that would damage the terrain. Small, mobile crushers are used to crush rocks and prepare soil on-site. Artificial soil with a thickness of no less than 50 centimeters is laid uniformly to create tall, upright timber forests on terraced ground, forming a continuous ecological protection forest belt along the river. The modified thick artificial soil can store about 25% of natural precipitation. Rainwater and snowmelt are slowly released into the soil to supply the growth of trees, significantly reducing the peak flood level during rainstorms and reducing surface water shortage and high temperature disasters during dry seasons. After the trees grow, they have multiple benefits, including ecological protection, carbon sequestration enhancement, and timber production, achieving integrated management of flood control, water storage, carbon absorption, and income increase.

[0014] Furthermore, for rocky deserts, rocky membranes, soilless barren mountains, and existing areas closed for afforestation, the traditional inefficient afforestation method of directly planting seedlings in rock crevices and hollows is abandoned. The process of "first creating soil, then planting trees" is strictly implemented. A layer of artificial soil with a thickness of 33.3 cm to 50 cm is uniformly laid, and then excellent upright tree species suitable for the local climate are selected for planting to ensure that every tree planted survives, grows, and matures. It completely solves the long-standing problems of traditional afforestation, such as "green mountains from afar, but no economic benefits up close, trees dying as they grow, no water retention, and no fertilizer effect." At the same time, the thick layer of artificial soil can efficiently store winter snowmelt and natural rainfall, and release them evenly and slowly, significantly improving the water resource utilization efficiency in arid northern regions and mountainous areas, enhancing the region's ecological carrying capacity and carbon sequestration capacity, and transforming long-term unproductive stony land into permanent ecological and economic wealth.

[0015] Furthermore, based on land space planning, the land is divided into grain production areas, mixed forestry and agriculture areas, environmental protection areas, and national defense border areas for classified development. All idle rural land, idle land occupied by farmers who have moved to the city, barren farmland, hilly slopes, plains with hard crust, and bare grassland are included in the scope of transformation. The hilly areas are rapidly transformed into water-, soil-, and fertilizer-retaining terraced fields using shale and oil sand as raw materials, with the core principles of facilitating manual cultivation and rationally arranging farmland, forest land, orchards, water sources, and roads. In plains and grasslands, soil thickening is achieved by pulverizing the hard crust layer on the surface in situ, thereby improving grassland productivity and water conservation capacity. By promoting artificial soil modification across the entire country, we aim to achieve fertile soil, standardized land parcels, stable production, and improved ecology nationwide. Simultaneously, we will achieve the integrated land development goals of expanding arable land, ensuring food security, enhancing soil carbon sequestration, reducing regional temperatures, purifying the ecological environment, and building beautiful and livable villages, providing a long-term, stable, and sustainable living and development space for 1.4 billion people.

[0016] The embodiments of the present invention have the following advantages due to the adoption of the above technical solutions: 1. Breaking through the limitations of natural laws This will completely break the traditional notion that "soil is a non-renewable resource" and enable the rapid, large-scale, and low-cost production of high-quality soil using rocks as raw materials, thus solving the problem of soil scarcity at its root.

[0017] Extremely high production efficiency Each unit can create 1,500 mu of land per year, which can support the land needs of 1,500 people. Nationwide implementation can achieve one mu of high-quality soil per capita within 1 to 2 years, far exceeding any traditional land reclamation method.

[0018] Extremely low cost and extremely high cost-effectiveness The cost of creating standard farmland is only 2,658 yuan per mu, and the cost of pollution remediation is no more than 10,000 yuan per mu. It is a one-time transformation that can be enjoyed for thousands of years, and the long-term economic, ecological and social benefits far exceed the investment.

[0019] Agricultural products are absolutely safe The heavy metal content of the rock raw materials and the resulting grains is far below the national standard. Mercury was not detected, and other harmful elements were only a fraction of the limit. This is the optimal solution for remediating polluted farmland and producing safe food.

[0020] Excellent soil physical properties Artificial soil does not compact, has a loose texture, and is extremely breathable and water-retaining. Under continuous high temperature and sun exposure for 10 days, the soil layer below 10 cm still retains a moisture content of 70%, and its drought resistance is significantly better than that of natural soil.

[0021] Outstanding climate regulation capabilities Soil carbon storage is comparable to the total amount of surface vegetation. Increasing artificial soil by 1 to 2 times can significantly enhance terrestrial carbon sequestration, directly reduce atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration, and mitigate global warming. At the same time, thickening the soil layer can increase water storage capacity by more than 2 times, regulate regional temperature, and reduce extreme weather.

[0022] Land reclamation has enormous value Transforming barren, rocky slopes, deserts, and plastic film-covered lands that have been devoid of productivity for millennia into high-yield farmland, high-quality forest land, and ecological green spaces will achieve rural beauty, prosperous farmers, and strong agriculture, supporting the long-term stable survival and development of 1.4 billion people.

[0023] The above overview is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to be limiting in any way. In addition to the illustrative aspects, embodiments, and features described above, further aspects, embodiments, and features of the invention will become readily apparent from the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the basic preparation process of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the specific process for remediating polluted farmland according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0026] In the following description, only certain exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As those skilled in the art will recognize, the described embodiments can be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the drawings and description are considered to be exemplary in nature and not restrictive.

[0027] Example 1: Preparation of artificial soil for paddy fields using limestone as raw material Limestone was selected as the sole raw material and crushed into fine stone powder using a large-scale on-site mobile crusher. The equipment has an hourly output of 250 to 300 tons, with 1.5 tons equivalent to 1 cubic meter. The paving thickness is 33.3 cm for 667 square meters per mu (approximately 0.16 acres), requiring a total of 220 cubic meters. Labor costs are 9 yuan per cubic meter, and energy and spare parts costs 3 yuan per cubic meter, resulting in a total cost of 2658 yuan per mu. Testing revealed that the limestone soil had a pH of 8.73, and contained 3.7 mg / kg of total arsenic, 0.029 mg / kg of total mercury, 0.9 mg / kg of total lead, 0.56 mg / kg of total cadmium, and 21.0 mg / kg of total chromium, all meeting national safety standards. Rice was planted in an experimental field of 8 square meters, yielding 15 jin of dry rice, equivalent to 1111 jin per mu. The harvested rice was tested and found to contain: total arsenic 0.094 mg / kg, total mercury not detected, total lead 0.067 mg / kg, total cadmium 0.031 mg / kg, and total chromium 0.267 mg / kg, all far below the national limits, indicating an extremely high level of food safety.

[0028] Example 2: Preparation of artificial soil for dryland using blue sandstone as raw material Blue sandstone was selected as the sole raw material, crushed into coarse stone powder, and laid to a thickness of 33.3 cm. The dosage was 220 cubic meters per mu (approximately 0.067 hectares), with the cost the same as in Example 1. The blue sandstone soil had a pH of 8.46, and contained 4.6 mg / kg of total arsenic, 0.036 mg / kg of total mercury, 15.9 mg / kg of total lead, 0.54 mg / kg of total cadmium, and 61.0 mg / kg of total chromium, meeting the requirements for farmland use. When corn was planted, the plant growth was consistent with the optimal local soil conditions, with the largest ears reaching 20 rows of kernels, and a yield of no less than 1000 jin (approximately 500 catties) per mu. Harvested corn tests showed: total arsenic 0.010 mg / kg, total mercury undetectable, total lead 0.117 mg / kg, total cadmium 0.002 mg / kg, and total chromium 0.318 mg / kg, fully meeting the green food standards.

[0029] Example 3: Preparation of ultra-high yield paddy soil using Shuiwei shale as raw material Using Shuiwei shale as raw material, the soil was crushed and laid to a thickness of 33.3 cm on-site. The soil pH was 7.42, and the total arsenic content was 4.5 mg / kg, total mercury 0.010 mg / kg, total lead 28.5 mg / kg, total cadmium 0.58 mg / kg, and total chromium 98.5 mg / kg. Rice was planted in the experimental field. An 8-square-meter plot yielded 17 jin (8.85 kg) of dry rice, equivalent to 1416 jin (748 catties) per mu (667 square meters). The highest number of grains per rice panicle reached 502. The seedling structure, panicle shape, and fullness all surpassed those of traditionally fertile farmland in the area. Farmers verified and recognized the increased yield and improved quality on-site.

[0030] Example 4: Preparation of general-purpose artificial soil by blending Xuyong shale and Luzhou Yunlong shale The soil was prepared by mixing Xuyong shale and Luzhou Yunlong shale in a 1:1 ratio. The soil pH of Xuyong shale was 8.22, with total arsenic of 2.4 mg / kg, total mercury of 0.014 mg / kg, and total cadmium of 0.61 mg / kg. The soil pH of Luzhou Yunlong shale was 8.72, with total arsenic of 3.7 mg / kg, total mercury of 0.025 mg / kg, and total cadmium of 0.63 mg / kg. The mixed soil had a uniform distribution of heavy metals and stable physicochemical properties. It can be used for planting rice, corn, soybeans, potatoes, and various leafy and root vegetables. The seedlings emerged uniformly, grew vigorously, and were free from pests and diseases. The yield was equal to or higher than that of the best farmland in the area.

[0031] Example 5: Artificial Soil for Rapid Remediation of Contaminated Farmland This invention utilizes artificial soil, selected from farmland with mild to moderate heavy metal contamination. Without soil replacement or chemical passivation agents, a 33.3 cm thick layer is directly laid on the surface. The total cost per acre, including laying and short-distance transportation, does not exceed 10,000 yuan. Crops can be planted in the same year after laying. Because the artificial soil itself has extremely low heavy metal content, it effectively prevents the upward migration of contaminated soil from the lower layers. Crop roots are primarily distributed within the artificial soil layer, significantly reducing the absorption of harmful substances. All harvested agricultural products meet standards, achieving remediation, resumption of production, and stable yields of contaminated farmland within the same year.

[0032] Example 6: Artificial soil used for ecological and carbon sequestration transformation around high-emission industrial areas Centered on high-carbon-emission areas such as coal-fired power plants and smelters, a fixed-radius transformation zone is delineated outwards, encompassing all hard-surfaced land, slopes, and wasteland within the zone. Excavators are used to excavate to a depth of 50 centimeters, crushing rocks, soil, and construction waste in a shredder, and then laying a 50-centimeter-thick layer of artificial soil on-site. The transformation cost is approximately 20,000 yuan per acre. After transformation, the total carbon storage capacity of the soil increases by more than two times compared to the original ground level. Simultaneously, high-yield crops and tall, fast-growing trees are planted, forming a composite carbon sink system of "soil + crops + trees." This system can rapidly absorb carbon dioxide and dust emitted from the plant areas, reduce surrounding temperatures, conserve water resources, and purify the air, achieving a basic balance between regional carbon emissions and carbon absorption within three years.

[0033] Example 7: Artificial soil used for flood control, water storage, and ecological restoration of rocky slopes along riverbanks Select the river headwaters and rocky slopes on both banks, and construct terraced plains of appropriate size according to the terrain, prohibiting large-scale excavation and filling that would damage the topography; use small, mobile crushers to prepare rock and soil on-site, and lay them out with a uniform thickness of no less than 50 centimeters; cultivate tall, upright timber trees to form an ecological protective forest belt along the river. After the transformation, the soil can store about 25% of natural precipitation, and rainwater is slowly released to supply the trees for growth, significantly reducing the flow of torrential rain and floods, and reducing surface water shortage during droughts; after the trees grow, they will have both ecological and economic benefits, while continuously improving carbon sequestration and providing long-term and stable improvement to the watershed's ecological environment.

[0034] Example 8: Artificial soil for improving the quality of rocky desertification land and afforestation areas Targeting rocky deserts, barren hills with no soil, and existing afforestation areas, this project changes the inefficient traditional method of "directly planting trees in rock crevices and hollows." Instead, it adopts a process of first creating soil and then planting trees, uniformly laying a 33.3-50 cm thick layer of artificial soil before planting superior tree species. This ensures that every tree planted survives, grows, and matures. It completely solves the problems of traditional afforestation methods, such as "green mountains from afar, but no economic benefit up close," "growing and dying simultaneously," and "no water retention or fertilizer effect." Simultaneously, it effectively stores winter snowmelt and natural rainfall in the thick soil layer, releasing and utilizing it slowly, improving water resource utilization efficiency in arid northern regions and mountainous areas, and enhancing the region's ecological carrying capacity.

[0035] Example 9: Artificial soil used in the standardized construction of terraced fields in hilly areas The hilly areas primarily utilize oil sands and shale, which have low rock hardness, are easily crushed, and are relatively easy to transform. Existing thin-layered slopes and small plots of farmland will be uniformly transformed into water-retaining, soil-retaining, and fertilizer-retaining terraced fields, with the soil layer thickness uniformly increased to over 33.3 centimeters. The transformation will prioritize facilitating manual cultivation and rationally arranging grain fields, woodlands, orchards, livestock, water sources, and roads, avoiding blindly pursuing large-scale mechanization and considering long-term sustainability. After the transformation, the terraced fields will have significantly improved drought resistance, enabling the stable cultivation of various grains and cash crops and increasing farmers' income.

[0036] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various variations or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, and these should all be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for preparing artificial land using various types of stones, characterized in that: The raw materials used are selected from any one or more of limestone, blue sandstone, Shuiwei shale, Xuyong shale, Luzhou Yunlong shale, Danyan rock, and coal gangue, and are mixed in any proportion. All raw materials are natural rocks with abundant surface reserves, and no peat, organic fertilizer, chemical conditioners, exogenous soil or other components are added. Large-scale on-site crushers are used to achieve on-site material sourcing, crushing, and laying, avoiding the increased costs of long-distance transportation. The crushers have a stable output of 250 to 300 tons of rock powder per hour. A unified measurement method is adopted, which converts 1.5 tons of rock powder into 1 cubic meter of standard artificial soil. Based on the planting scenario, the rock powder is divided into fine stone powder and coarse stone powder. Fine stone powder is used exclusively as soil for paddy fields, while coarse stone powder is used exclusively as soil for dryland planting and afforestation. The artificial soil is uniformly laid to a thickness of 33.3 cm in farmland. The total amount of artificial soil used per 667 square meters of standard farmland is 220 cubic meters. The on-site construction labor cost is 9 yuan / cubic meter. The total cost of diesel fuel consumption, electricity consumption, equipment maintenance and spare parts loss is 3 yuan / cubic meter. The total cost of artificial soil per 667 square meters of standard farmland is 2658 yuan. A single crusher can produce 2,000 tons of rock powder, equivalent to 1,330 cubic meters of standard soil, by working continuously for 8 hours a day. It can complete the laying of 6 mu of land per day, 150 mu per month, and 1,500 mu of high-quality soil farmland per year. The artificial soil prepared has the characteristics of not compacting, loose texture, and strong air permeability and water retention. Under the condition of 10 consecutive days of high temperature and sunny weather, the moisture content of the soil layer below 10 cm can still be maintained at 70%. Rice, corn, soybeans, peas, sweet potatoes, potatoes, green beans, cowpeas, peppers, eggplants, green vegetables, cabbage, radishes, lettuce, garlic, and onions can be directly planted. The growth and yield of these crops reach the level of the best natural fertile fields in the local area.

2. The method for preparing artificial land using various types of stones according to claim 1, characterized in that: When limestone is used alone as a raw material, the pH value of the prepared limestone-based artificial soil is 8.

73. According to the test results of Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, the total arsenic content is 3.7 mg / kg, the total mercury content is 0.029 mg / kg, the total lead content is 0.9 mg / kg, the total cadmium content is 0.56 mg / kg, and the total chromium content is 21.0 mg / kg. All indicators meet the requirements of the "National Technical Regulations for Safety Assessment of Heavy Metals in Agricultural Product Origin". Rice grown in this soil yielded 15 jin of dry rice in an 8-square-meter experimental field, equivalent to 1111 jin per mu. The harvested rice was tested and found to have a total arsenic content of 0.094 mg / kg, no total mercury detected, a total lead content of 0.067 mg / kg, a total cadmium content of 0.031 mg / kg, and a total chromium content of 0.267 mg / kg. All heavy metal contents were far below the national food safety limits, making it suitable for long-term large-scale safe rice production. The rice produced meets the requirements for green food and organic food cultivation.

3. The method for preparing artificial land using various types of stones according to claim 1, characterized in that: When blue sandstone is used alone as raw material, the prepared blue sandstone-based artificial soil has a pH value of 8.

46. The total arsenic content is 4.6 mg / kg, the total mercury content is 0.036 mg / kg, the total lead content is 15.9 mg / kg, the total cadmium content is 0.54 mg / kg, and the total chromium content is 61.0 mg / kg, which meets the standards for safe use of farmland soil. When corn is planted in this soil, the plant growth, plant height, leaf color, and ear development are all consistent with those of the traditional fertile dryland. The maximum number of rows of ears can reach 20, and the yield per mu is no less than 1,000 jin. The harvested corn was tested and found to have a total arsenic content of 0.010 mg / kg, no total mercury detected, a total lead content of 0.117 mg / kg, a total cadmium content of 0.002 mg / kg, and a total chromium content of 0.318 mg / kg. The safety level is better than the national standard, and it can be widely used for planting dryland grain crops such as corn, wheat, and potatoes.

4. The method for preparing artificial land using various types of stones according to claim 1, characterized in that: When Shuiwei shale is used alone as raw material, the prepared shale-based artificial soil has a pH value of 7.

42. The total arsenic content is 4.5 mg / kg, the total mercury content is 0.010 mg / kg, the total lead content is 28.5 mg / kg, the total cadmium content is 0.58 mg / kg, and the total chromium content is 98.5 mg / kg, which meets the safety requirements for cultivated soil. When rice was grown in this soil, an 8-square-meter experimental field yielded 17 jin of dry rice, equivalent to 1416 jin per mu. The highest number of grains per rice panicle was 502. The length of the panicle, grain density, and grain plumpness all significantly exceeded those of the local traditional fertile farmland, demonstrating ultra-high yield characteristics. It can be used as the first choice for high-quality soil replacement and expansion of cultivation in major rice-producing areas.

5. A method for preparing artificial land using various types of stones according to claim 1, characterized in that: When Xuyong shale and Luzhou Yunlong shale are used alone or in combination as raw materials, the pH value of the artificial soil based on Xuyong shale is 8.22, the total arsenic content is 2.4 mg / kg, the total mercury content is 0.014 mg / kg, and the total cadmium content is 0.61 mg / kg; the pH value of the artificial soil based on Luzhou Yunlong shale is 8.72, the total arsenic content is 3.7 mg / kg, the total mercury content is 0.025 mg / kg, and the total cadmium content is 0.63 mg / kg. When the two types of shale soil are mixed, their physical and chemical properties are stable and the heavy metals are evenly distributed. The overall indicators are still lower than the national standard limits. It can be used for crop rotation of rice, corn, soybeans and various vegetables. It has a high germination rate, strong growth and strong resistance to adverse conditions. It does not cause continuous cropping obstacles and is suitable for the construction of large-scale and standardized commercial grain and vegetable bases.

6. A method for preparing artificial land using multiple types of stones according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: Artificial soil is directly laid on the surface of polluted or degraded farmland without the need for off-site soil replacement, chemical passivating agents, or large-scale soil tillage. Only a small amount of surface paving and short-distance transportation costs are added to the original soil creation cost. The total restoration cost per acre of farmland does not exceed 10,000 yuan to complete permanent restoration. Artificial soil itself has extremely low heavy metal content, which can effectively block the upward migration of harmful substances from the underlying polluted soil. The roots of crops mainly grow in the artificial soil layer, greatly reducing the amount of heavy metals absorbed. Agricultural products that meet national safety standards can be harvested in the same year they are planted. The remediation cycle is short, the effect is fast, and there is no secondary pollution. It can quickly restore the productivity of arable land and the ability to ensure food security.

7. A method for preparing artificial land using multiple types of stones according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: Centered on high carbon dioxide emission areas such as coal-fired power plants and smelters, a fixed radius is drawn outward as an ecological transformation zone, which includes all hard-shell land, slopes, wasteland, and scattered construction waste plots within the transformation zone. Excavators are used to dig to a depth of 50 centimeters, and rocks, soil, and construction waste are fed into a crusher to be crushed on-site, mixed and prepared into artificial soil, which is then evenly spread to a thickness of 50 centimeters. The total cost of the renovation is about 20,000 yuan per acre. After the transformation, the total carbon storage of the soil in the area is more than twice that of the original ground. High-yield crops and tall, fast-growing trees are planted simultaneously to form a composite carbon sink system of "thick artificial soil + crops + forest". This system can efficiently absorb carbon dioxide, dust and harmful gases, reduce regional temperature, conserve water resources and purify the air. Within three years, the carbon emissions of the industrial area and the carbon absorption of the ecosystem can be basically balanced, which will help achieve the carbon neutrality goal ahead of schedule.

8. A method for preparing artificial land using multiple types of stones according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: For the rocky slopes and bare rock slopes at the source of rivers and on both banks, terraces of appropriate size and with good drainage are built according to the terrain, without large-scale excavation and filling that would damage the terrain. Small, mobile crushers are used to crush rocks and prepare soil on-site. Artificial soil with a thickness of no less than 50 centimeters is laid uniformly to create tall, upright timber forests on terraced ground, forming a continuous ecological protection forest belt along the river. The modified thick artificial soil can store about 25% of natural precipitation. Rainwater and snowmelt are slowly released into the soil to supply the growth of trees, significantly reducing the peak flood level during rainstorms and reducing surface water shortage and high temperature disasters during dry seasons. After the trees grow, they have multiple benefits, including ecological protection, carbon sequestration enhancement, and timber production, achieving integrated management of flood control, water storage, carbon absorption, and income increase.

9. A method for preparing artificial land using various types of stones according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: For rocky deserts, rocky areas, soilless barren mountains, and existing areas closed for afforestation, we abandon the traditional inefficient afforestation method of directly planting seedlings in rock crevices and hollows. We strictly implement the process of "first creating soil, then planting trees", uniformly laying 33.3 cm to 50 cm thick artificial soil, and then selecting excellent upright tree species suitable for the local climate for planting, to ensure that every tree planted survives, grows, and matures. It completely solves the long-standing problems of traditional afforestation, such as "green mountains in the distance, but no economic benefits up close, trees growing and dying, no water storage, and no fertilizer effect." At the same time, the thick layer of artificial soil can efficiently store winter snowmelt and natural rainfall, and release them evenly and slowly, significantly improving the water resource utilization efficiency in arid northern regions and mountainous areas, enhancing the region's ecological carrying capacity and carbon sequestration capacity, and transforming long-term unproductive stony land into permanent ecological and economic wealth.

10. A method for preparing artificial land using multiple types of stones according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: Based on land space planning, the land is divided into grain production areas, mixed forestry and agriculture areas, environmental protection areas, and national defense border areas for classified development. All idle rural land, idle land occupied by farmers who have moved to the city, barren farmland, hilly slopes, hard crust plains, and bare grasslands are included in the transformation scope. The hilly areas are rapidly transformed into water-, soil-, and fertilizer-retaining terraced fields using shale and oil sand as raw materials, with the core principles of facilitating manual cultivation and rationally arranging farmland, forest land, orchards, water sources, and roads. In plains and grasslands, soil thickening is achieved by pulverizing the surface crust in situ, thereby enhancing grassland productivity and water conservation capacity. By promoting artificial soil modification across the entire country, we aim to achieve fertile soil, standardized land parcels, stable production, and improved ecology nationwide. Simultaneously, we will achieve the integrated land development goals of expanding arable land, ensuring food security, enhancing soil carbon sequestration, reducing regional temperatures, purifying the ecological environment, and building beautiful and livable villages, providing a long-term, stable, and sustainable living and development space for 1.4 billion people.

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