A surfactant for improving the penetration of a pesticide
By preparing surfactants containing carbonate groups, the problem of surfactant hydrolysis at high temperatures was solved, improving the permeability and efficacy of pesticides and reducing the risk of phytotoxicity.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- QINGDAO DAFENG INTERFACE CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2026-04-14
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-09
AI Technical Summary
Existing surfactants are prone to hydrolysis at high temperatures, which reduces pesticide penetration and increases the risk of phytotoxicity.
Surfactants containing carbonate groups in their chain segments, including maleic anhydride, isooctyl alcohol, catalysts, and hydroxymethyldioxacyclophenone, are prepared using specific raw materials and processes. By controlling the reaction temperature and time, high-temperature hydrolysis is avoided, thereby improving the biofilm and plant epidermal permeability of pesticides.
The prepared surfactant is not easily hydrolyzed at high temperatures, which improves the biofilm and plant epidermal permeability of pesticides, enhances the effectiveness of pesticides, and reduces the risk of phytotoxicity.
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Figure CN122162783A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to surfactants that improve the permeability of pesticides, specifically surfactants containing carbonate groups in their chain segments. The purpose is to eliminate the disadvantage of surfactants being easily hydrolyzed at high temperatures, thereby improving the permeability of pesticides when mixed with them. Background Technology
[0002] In pesticide application, surfactants can improve the distribution, adhesion, and penetration of pesticide solutions on plant leaves or other surfaces, directly or indirectly increasing the effective utilization rate of pesticides. Surfactants are indispensable substances in pesticide use. When selecting surfactants, it is essential to consider not only their compatibility with pesticides but also their synergistic effects and stability, ensuring that they can better exert the pesticide's effects after being sprayed onto crops. As a pesticide adjuvant, surfactants not only improve pesticide efficacy but also reduce the environmental impact of pesticides, bringing significant benefits to agricultural production and enhancing pesticide functionality.
[0003] Ambient temperature and air humidity can affect the performance of surfactants. Some surfactants are easily hydrolyzed at high temperatures, which reduces the synergistic effect of surfactants, thereby reducing the permeability of pesticides and increasing the risk of phytotoxicity.
[0004] To address the existing problems, we propose a surfactant to improve pesticide penetration.
[0005] The information disclosed in this background section is only for understanding the background technology of the inventive concept, and therefore may include information that does not constitute prior art. Summary of the Invention
[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a surfactant that improves the permeability of pesticides, thereby solving the problems mentioned in the background art.
[0007] A surfactant for improving pesticide penetration includes one or both of a first surfactant and a second surfactant, wherein the first surfactant has the following structural formula: The second surfactant has the following structural formula: .
[0008] On one hand, this disclosure provides an embodiment in which the raw materials for the first surfactant and the second surface surfactant include: maleic anhydride, isooctyl alcohol, catalyst, sodium bisulfite and hydroxymethyldioxane.
[0009] On one hand, this disclosure provides an embodiment in which a method for preparing a first surfactant includes:
[0010] 1) Weigh an appropriate amount of maleic anhydride and isooctyl alcohol and add them to the reaction vessel. After the reaction is completed and purified, the first intermediate product is obtained.
[0011] 2) Dissolve an appropriate amount of the first intermediate product in the first solvent to obtain the first solution. Add the first solution to the reaction vessel, and then add an appropriate amount of sodium bisulfite to the reaction vessel containing the first solution. After the reaction is completed and purified, the second intermediate product is obtained.
[0012] 3) Dissolve an appropriate amount of the second intermediate product in the second solvent to obtain a second solution, and put the second solution into the reaction vessel. Then add the catalyst, and finally add hydroxymethyldioxapentanone. After the reaction is completed and purified, the first surfactant is obtained.
[0013] On the one hand, this disclosure provides an embodiment in which the process conditions for step 1) are a temperature of 80-100°C and a reaction time of 2-5 hours.
[0014] On the one hand, this disclosure provides an embodiment in which the process conditions for step 2) are a temperature of 110-140°C and a reaction time of 24-72h.
[0015] On one hand, this disclosure provides an embodiment in which the process conditions of step 3) are as follows: the second intermediate product is dissolved in the second solvent under a nitrogen protection environment, and then stirred. The temperature is then adjusted to 70-90°C until the solid is completely dissolved. Before adding the catalyst, the temperature inside the reactor is lowered to 50-60°C, and then the catalyst is added. Stirring is also maintained when adding the catalyst. After adding the catalyst, hydroxymethyldioxacyclophenone is slowly added. The reaction temperature is maintained between 80-100°C, and the reaction process lasts for 0.5-3 hours. Then, the temperature is maintained at 80-90°C for 0.5-3 hours.
[0016] On one hand, this disclosure provides an embodiment in which the preparation steps of the second surfactant include:
[0017] 1) Add appropriate amounts of maleic anhydride, isooctyl alcohol, and catalyst to the reaction vessel. After the reaction is completed and purified, the third intermediate product is obtained.
[0018] 2) Add an appropriate amount of the third intermediate product and sodium bisulfite solution into the reaction vessel. After the reaction is completed and purified, the fourth intermediate product is obtained.
[0019] 3) Dissolve the fourth intermediate in the third solvent to prepare the third solution, then add an alkaline solution. After the reaction is complete and the product is purified, the fifth intermediate is obtained.
[0020] 4) Dissolve an appropriate amount of the fifth intermediate product in the fourth solvent to obtain the fourth solution, and put the fourth solution into the reaction vessel. Then add the catalyst, and finally add an appropriate amount of hydroxymethyldioxapentanone. After the reaction is completed and purified, the second surfactant is obtained.
[0021] On the one hand, this disclosure provides an embodiment in which the process conditions for step 1) are: stirring is maintained during the reaction, the temperature is 80-100°C, and the reaction time is 5-30 minutes.
[0022] On the one hand, this disclosure provides an embodiment in which the process conditions for step 2) are a reaction temperature of 100-140°C and a reaction time of 6-15h.
[0023] On the one hand, this disclosure provides an embodiment in which the alkaline solution in step 3) can be a sodium hydroxide solution and a potassium hydroxide solution with a concentration of 2%-10%, the solution pH value is 8-12, the temperature is 20-30℃, and the reaction time is 12-48h.
[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the surfactant prepared by the present invention does not affect the efficacy of pesticides after being mixed with pesticides, and also improves the biofilm permeability and plant epidermal permeability of pesticides. Furthermore, the surfactant prepared by the present invention is not easily hydrolyzed above 40°C, and has a better effect. Detailed Implementation
[0025] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0026] Example 1:
[0027] 1) Weigh out 10 parts of maleic anhydride and 15 parts of isooctyl alcohol and add them to the reaction vessel. The temperature inside the reaction vessel is 80℃. React for 2 hours. After the reaction is completed, extract and purify to obtain the first intermediate product.
[0028] 2) Dissolve 10 parts of the first intermediate product in isopropanol to obtain the first solution. Add the first solution to the reaction vessel, and then add 20 parts of 10% sodium bisulfite solution to the reaction vessel containing the first solution. The temperature inside the reaction vessel is 110℃ and the reaction time is 24h. After the reaction is completed, the second intermediate product is obtained by filtration and purification.
[0029] 3) Dissolve 10 parts of the second intermediate product in isopropanol to obtain a second solution. The dissolution process should be carried out under nitrogen protection and stirred at 100 r / min. Then adjust the temperature to 70℃ until the solid is completely dissolved. Add the second solution to the reaction vessel, and then add 0.1 parts of p-toluenesulfonic acid. Before adding p-toluenesulfonic acid, lower the temperature of the reaction vessel to 50℃. Stirring should be maintained while adding p-toluenesulfonic acid. After adding p-toluenesulfonic acid, slowly add 10 parts of hydroxymethyldioxapentanone. Maintain the reaction temperature at 80℃ for 0.5 h. Then keep the temperature at 80℃ for 0.5 h. After the reaction is completed, the surfactant is obtained by vacuum filtration purification.
[0030] Example 2:
[0031] 1) Weigh out 20 parts of maleic anhydride and 30 parts of isooctyl alcohol and add them to the reaction vessel. The temperature inside the reaction vessel is 100℃. React for 5 hours. After the reaction is completed, extract and purify to obtain the first intermediate product.
[0032] 2) Dissolve 20 parts of the first intermediate product in n-propanol to obtain the first solution. Add the first solution to the reaction vessel, and then add 40 parts of 20% sodium bisulfite solution to the reaction vessel containing the first solution. The temperature inside the reaction vessel is 140℃ and the reaction time is 72h. After the reaction is completed, the second intermediate product is obtained by filtration and purification.
[0033] 3) Dissolve 20 parts of the second intermediate product in n-propanol to obtain a second solution. During the dissolution of the second intermediate product, a nitrogen protective environment should be maintained, and the mixture should be stirred at 200 r / min. Then, adjust the temperature to 90℃ until the solid is completely dissolved. Add the second solution to the reactor, and then add 0.3 parts of boron trifluoride. Before adding boron trifluoride, lower the temperature of the reactor to 60℃. Stirring should also be maintained when adding the catalyst. After adding boron trifluoride, slowly add 30 parts of hydroxymethyldioxapentanone. Maintain the reaction temperature at 100℃ for 3 hours. Then, keep the temperature at 90℃ for 3 hours. After the reaction is completed, the surfactant is obtained by filtration purification.
[0034] Example 3:
[0035] 1) Weigh out 15 parts of maleic anhydride and 20 parts of isooctyl alcohol and add them to the reaction vessel. The temperature inside the reaction vessel is 90℃. React for 4 hours. After the reaction is completed, extract and purify to obtain the first intermediate product.
[0036] 2) Dissolve 15 parts of the first intermediate product in tert-butanol to obtain the first solution. Add the first solution to the reaction vessel, and then add 30 parts of 15% sodium bisulfite solution to the reaction vessel containing the first solution. The temperature inside the reaction vessel is 130℃ and the reaction time is 40h. After the reaction is completed, the second intermediate product is obtained by filtration and purification.
[0037] 3) Dissolve 15 parts of the second intermediate product in tert-butanol to obtain a second solution. During the dissolution of the second intermediate product, a nitrogen protective environment should be maintained, and the mixture should be stirred at 170 r / min. Then, adjust the temperature to 80℃ until the solid is completely dissolved. Add the second solution to the reactor, and then add 0.2 parts of zinc chloride. Before adding zinc chloride, lower the temperature of the reactor to 55℃. Stirring should be maintained while adding the zinc chloride catalyst. After adding zinc chloride, slowly add 20 parts of hydroxymethyldioxacyclophenone. Maintain the reaction temperature at 90℃ for 2 hours, and then keep it at 85℃ for 1 hour. After the reaction is completed, the surfactant is obtained by filtration purification.
[0038] Example 4:
[0039] 1) Weigh 10 parts of maleic anhydride, 30 parts of isooctyl alcohol, and 0.1 parts of p-toluenesulfonic acid and add them to the reaction vessel. After the reaction is completed, extract to obtain the third intermediate product.
[0040] 2) Add 10 parts of the third intermediate product, 40 parts of a 10% sodium bisulfite solution and 0.1 parts of docusate sodium into a reaction vessel. After filtration, the fourth intermediate product is obtained.
[0041] 3) Dissolve 10 parts of the fourth intermediate in isopropanol to prepare the third solution, and then add 2% sodium hydroxide solution to adjust the pH of the reaction solution to 8. After the reaction is completed, filter to obtain the fifth intermediate.
[0042] 4) Dissolve 10 parts of the fifth intermediate in isopropanol to obtain the fourth solution. During the dissolution of the second intermediate, a nitrogen-protected environment should be maintained, and the mixture should be stirred at 100 r / min. Then, adjust the temperature to 70℃ until the solid is completely dissolved. Add the fourth solution to the reactor, and then add 0.1 parts of p-toluenesulfonic acid. Before adding p-toluenesulfonic acid, lower the temperature of the reactor to 50℃. Stirring should be maintained while adding p-toluenesulfonic acid. After adding p-toluenesulfonic acid, slowly add 10 parts of hydroxymethyldioxane. Maintain the reaction temperature at 80℃ for 0.5 h. Then, keep the temperature at 80℃ for 0.5 h. After the reaction is completed, purify the product by filtration to obtain the surfactant.
[0043] Example 5:
[0044] 1) Weigh 20 parts of maleic anhydride, 70 parts of isooctyl alcohol, and 0.5 parts of p-toluenesulfonic acid and add them to the reaction vessel. After the reaction is completed, extract to obtain the third intermediate product.
[0045] 2) Add 20 parts of the third intermediate product, 80 parts of a 20% sodium bisulfite solution and 0.3 parts of sodium docusate to a reaction vessel. After filtration, the fourth intermediate product is obtained.
[0046] 3) Dissolve 20 parts of the fourth intermediate in n-propanol and tert-butanol to prepare the third solution, and then add 10% potassium hydroxide solution to adjust the pH of the reaction solution to 12. After the reaction is completed, filter to obtain the fifth intermediate.
[0047] 4) Dissolve 20 parts of the fifth intermediate in n-propanol to obtain the fourth solution. During the dissolution of the fifth intermediate, a nitrogen-protected environment should be maintained, and the mixture should be stirred at 200 r / min. Then, adjust the temperature to 90℃ until the solid is completely dissolved. Add the fourth solution to the reactor, and then add 0.3 parts of p-toluenesulfonic acid. Before adding p-toluenesulfonic acid, lower the temperature of the reactor to 60℃. Stirring should be maintained while adding p-toluenesulfonic acid. After adding p-toluenesulfonic acid, slowly add 30 parts of hydroxymethyldioxapentanone. Maintain the reaction temperature at 100℃ for 3 hours. Then, keep the temperature at 90℃ for 3 hours. After the reaction is completed, purify the product by filtration to obtain the surfactant.
[0048] Example 6:
[0049] 1) Weigh 15 parts of maleic anhydride, 40 parts of isooctyl alcohol, and 0.4 parts of p-toluenesulfonic acid and add them to the reaction vessel. After the reaction is completed, extract to obtain the third intermediate product.
[0050] 2) Add 15 parts of the third intermediate product, 50 parts of a 15% sodium bisulfite solution and 0.2 parts of sodium docusate to a reaction vessel. After filtration, the fourth intermediate product is obtained.
[0051] 3) Dissolve 15 parts of the fourth intermediate in tert-butanol to prepare the third solution, and then add 8% potassium hydroxide solution to adjust the pH of the reaction solution to 11. After the reaction is completed, filter to obtain the fifth intermediate.
[0052] 4) Dissolve 15 parts of the fifth intermediate in tert-butanol to obtain the fourth solution. During the dissolution of the fifth intermediate, a nitrogen-protected environment should be maintained, and the mixture should be stirred at 180 r / min. Then, adjust the temperature to 80℃ until the solid is completely dissolved. Add the fourth solution to the reactor, and then add 0.2 parts of boron trifluoride. Before adding boron trifluoride, lower the temperature of the reactor to 55℃. Stirring should also be maintained when adding the boron trifluoride catalyst. After adding boron trifluoride, slowly add 20 parts of hydroxymethyldioxapentanone. Maintain the reaction temperature at 90℃ for 2 hours, and then keep it at 85℃ for 2 hours. After the reaction is completed, the surfactant is obtained by filtration purification.
[0053] Example 7:
[0054] 90 parts of the first surfactant prepared in Example 3 and 10 parts of the second surfactant prepared in Example 6 were mixed.
[0055] Example 8:
[0056] Ten parts of the first surfactant prepared in Example 3 and 90 parts of the second surfactant prepared in Example 6 were mixed.
[0057] Comparative Example 1:
[0058] Commercially available sodium diisooctyl sulfosuccinate
[0059] Comparative Example 2:
[0060] 1) Weigh 15 parts of maleic anhydride, 40 parts of isooctyl alcohol, and 0.4 parts of p-toluenesulfonic acid and add them to the reaction vessel. After the reaction is completed, extract to obtain the third intermediate product.
[0061] 2) Add 15 parts of the third intermediate product, 50 parts of a 15% sodium bisulfite solution and 0.2 parts of sodium docusate to a reaction vessel. After filtration, the fourth intermediate product is obtained.
[0062] 3) Dissolve 15 parts of the fourth intermediate product in tert-butanol to prepare the third solution, and then add 8% potassium hydroxide solution to adjust the pH of the reaction solution to 11. After the reaction is completed, the surfactant is obtained by filtration.
[0063] Comparative Example 3:
[0064] 1) Weigh 15 parts of maleic anhydride, 40 parts of isooctyl alcohol, and 0.4 parts of p-toluenesulfonic acid and add them to the reaction vessel. After the reaction is completed, extract to obtain the third intermediate product.
[0065] 2) Add 15 parts of the third intermediate product, 50 parts of a 15% sodium bisulfite solution and 0.2 parts of sodium docusate to a reaction vessel. After filtration, the fourth intermediate product is obtained.
[0066] 3) Dissolve 15 parts of the fourth intermediate in tert-butanol to prepare the third solution, and then add 8% potassium hydroxide solution to adjust the pH of the reaction solution to 11. After the reaction is completed, filter to obtain the fifth intermediate.
[0067] 4) Dissolve 15 parts of the fifth intermediate in tert-butanol to obtain the fourth solution. During the dissolution of the fifth intermediate, a nitrogen-protected environment should be maintained, and the mixture should be stirred at 180 rpm. Then, adjust the temperature to 80°C until the solid is completely dissolved. Add the fourth solution to the reactor, followed by 0.2 parts of boron trifluoride. Before adding boron trifluoride, lower the temperature of the reactor to 55°C. Continue stirring while adding the boron trifluoride catalyst. After adding boron trifluoride, slowly add 20 parts of hydroxymethylcyclopropane, maintaining the reaction temperature at 90°C for 2 hours. Then, maintain the reaction at 85°C for 2 hours. After the reaction is complete, purify the product by filtration to obtain the surfactant.
[0068] Comparative Example 4:
[0069] 1) Weigh 15 parts of maleic anhydride, 40 parts of isooctyl alcohol, and 0.4 parts of p-toluenesulfonic acid and add them to the reaction vessel. After the reaction is completed, extract to obtain the third intermediate product.
[0070] 2) Add 15 parts of the third intermediate product, 50 parts of a 15% sodium bisulfite solution and 0.2 parts of sodium docusate to a reaction vessel. After filtration, the fourth intermediate product is obtained.
[0071] 3) Dissolve 15 parts of the fourth intermediate in tert-butanol to prepare the third solution, and then add 8% potassium hydroxide solution to adjust the pH of the reaction solution to 11. After the reaction is completed, filter to obtain the fifth intermediate.
[0072] 4) Dissolve 15 parts of the fifth intermediate in tert-butanol to obtain the fourth solution. During the dissolution of the fifth intermediate, a nitrogen-protected environment should be maintained, and the mixture should be stirred at 180 r / min. Then, adjust the temperature to 80℃ until the solid is completely dissolved. Add the fourth solution to the reactor, and then add 0.2 parts of boron trifluoride. Before adding boron trifluoride, lower the temperature of the reactor to 55℃. Stirring should also be maintained when adding the boron trifluoride catalyst. After adding boron trifluoride, slowly add 20 parts of 2-hydroxymethyl-3,4-dihydropyran. Maintain the reaction temperature at 90℃ and react for 2 hours. Then, keep the temperature at 85℃ for 2 hours. After the reaction is completed, purify the product by filtration to obtain the surfactant.
[0073] The effect of surfactants in Examples 1-8 and Comparative Examples 1-4 on pesticide penetration was investigated.
[0074] Preparation of pesticide solution: Mix 10 parts abamectin and 1 part surfactant, then add the mixture to 50 parts water to prepare a pesticide solution.
[0075] Biofilm permeability detection method: The biofilm (mouse excised skin) is cut into appropriate sizes, and then the mouse excised skin is fixed between the donor chamber and the recipient chamber of the diffusion cell and sealed. Pesticide solution is added to the donor chamber and deionized water is added to the recipient chamber. The diffusion cell is placed in a constant temperature water bath to maintain a constant temperature. Samples are taken from the recipient chamber at regular intervals, and the pesticide concentration is measured. The mass change of the recipient chamber after sampling is recorded to calculate the cumulative permeation. Then, the total amount of pesticide in the recipient chamber at each time point is calculated based on the concentration and mass. The cumulative permeation is plotted against time, and the slope of the steady-state segment is the biofilm permeability of the pesticide.
[0076] Plant epidermal permeability: Take healthy, disease-free plant leaves, drip pesticide solution onto the plant leaves for 3 minutes, then remove the pesticide solution from the plant leaves and weigh the plant leaves. The change rate of plant leaf weight is the plant epidermal permeability of pesticide.
[0077] Insect population reduction rate: Take 12 rearing boxes, put 100 spider mites in each rearing box, spray the same amount of pesticide solution into each rearing box, and record the mortality rate of spider mites on day 1, day 3 and day 5.
[0078] Test Result 1
[0079]
[0080] The results show that the insect population reduction rate of Examples 1-8 was over 80% on the first day, with little difference. On the third day, the insect population reduction rate of Examples 1-8 was around 90%. On the fifth day, the insect population reduction rate of Examples 1-8 was around 95%, with little difference.
[0081] Compared with Comparative Example 1 and Examples 1-8, the insect population reduction rate remained basically unchanged.
[0082] Comparing Comparative Example 2 and Example 6, the insect population reduction rate of Comparative Example 2 was basically the same as that of Example 6.
[0083] Comparing Comparative Example 3 and Example 6, the insect population reduction rate of Comparative Example 3 on day 1 was slightly lower than that of Example 6.
[0084] Comparing Comparative Example 4 and Example 6, Comparative Example 4 had a lower insect population reduction rate on day 1 than Example 6, and the insect population reduction rate of Comparative Example 4 was also slightly lower than that of Comparative Example 3.
[0085] Test Result 2
[0086]
[0087] The results show that the biofilm permeability in Examples 1-8 is not significantly different at different temperatures, and the plant epidermal permeability is also not significantly different at different temperatures.
[0088] In Comparative Example 1, the biofilm permeability at 55°C was approximately 60% lower than that at 25°C; the plant epidermal permeability at 55°C was approximately 60% lower than that at 25°C. Compared to Examples 1-8, the biofilm permeability of Comparative Example 1 at 25°C was essentially the same as that of Examples 1-8, but the biofilm permeability at 55°C was approximately 55% lower than that of Examples 1-8. Furthermore, the plant epidermal permeability of Comparative Example 1 at 25°C was approximately 10%-25% lower than that of Examples 1-8, but the plant epidermal permeability at 55°C was approximately 65% lower than that of Examples 1-8.
[0089] In Comparative Example 2, the biofilm permeability at 55°C was approximately 50% lower than that at 25°C; the plant epidermal permeability at 55°C was approximately 60% lower than that at 25°C. Comparing Comparative Example 2 and Example 6, it can be seen that the biofilm permeability at 25°C was slightly higher than that in Example 6, while the biofilm permeability at 55°C was approximately 35% lower than that in Example 6. The plant epidermal permeability at 25°C was approximately 10% lower than that in Example 6, and the plant epidermal permeability at 55°C was approximately 60% lower than that in Example 6.
[0090] In Comparative Example 3, the biofilm permeability at 55°C was approximately 55% lower than that at 25°C; the plant epidermal permeability at 55°C was approximately 50% lower than that at 25°C. Comparing Comparative Example 3 and Example 6, it can be seen that the biofilm permeability at 25°C was approximately 10% lower than that in Example 6, the biofilm permeability at 55°C was approximately 50% lower than that in Example 6, the plant epidermal permeability at 25°C was approximately 10% lower than that in Example 6, and the plant epidermal permeability at 55°C was approximately 50% lower than that in Example 6.
[0091] In Comparative Example 4, the biofilm permeability at 55°C was approximately 40% lower than that at 25°C; the plant epidermal permeability at 55°C was approximately 50% lower than that at 25°C. Comparing Comparative Example 4 and Example 6, it can be seen that the biofilm permeability at 25°C was approximately 20% lower than that in Example 6, the biofilm permeability at 55°C was approximately 40% lower than that in Example 6, the plant epidermal permeability at 25°C was approximately 25% lower than that in Example 6, and the plant epidermal permeability at 55°C was approximately 50% lower than that in Example 6.
[0092] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described (see the detailed description above), it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A surfactant for improving pesticide penetration, characterized in that, The surfactant includes one or both of a first surfactant and a second surfactant, wherein the first surfactant has the structural formula [insert structural formula here]. The second surfactant has the following structural formula: .
2. The surfactant for improving pesticide penetration according to claim 2, characterized in that, The raw materials for the first surfactant and the second surface surfactant include: maleic anhydride, isooctyl alcohol, catalyst, sodium bisulfite, and hydroxymethyldioxane.
3. The surfactant for improving pesticide penetration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for preparing the first surfactant includes: 1) Weigh an appropriate amount of maleic anhydride and isooctyl alcohol and add them to the reaction vessel. After the reaction is completed and purified, the first intermediate product is obtained. 2) Dissolve an appropriate amount of the first intermediate product in the first solvent to obtain the first solution. Add the first solution to the reaction vessel, and then add an appropriate amount of sodium bisulfite to the reaction vessel containing the first solution. After the reaction is completed and purified, the second intermediate product is obtained. 3) Dissolve an appropriate amount of the second intermediate product in the second solvent to obtain a second solution, and put the second solution into the reaction vessel. Then add the catalyst, and finally add hydroxymethyldioxapentanone. After the reaction is completed and purified, the first surfactant is obtained.
4. The surfactant for improving pesticide penetration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process conditions for step 1) are a temperature of 80-100℃ and a reaction time of 2-5h.
5. The surfactant for improving pesticide penetration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process conditions for step 2) are a temperature of 110-140℃ and a reaction time of 24-72h.
6. The surfactant for improving pesticide penetration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process conditions for step 3) are as follows: the second intermediate product is dissolved in the second solvent under nitrogen protection, and then stirred. The temperature is then adjusted to 70-90℃ until the solid is completely dissolved. Before adding the catalyst, the temperature inside the reactor is lowered to 50-60℃, and then the catalyst is added. Stirring is also maintained during the addition of the catalyst. After adding the catalyst, hydroxymethyldioxacyclophenone is slowly added. The reaction temperature is maintained between 80-100℃, and the reaction process lasts for 0.5-3 hours. Then, the temperature is maintained at 80-90℃ for 0.5-3 hours.
7. The surfactant for improving pesticide penetration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation steps of the second surfactant include: 1) Add appropriate amounts of maleic anhydride, isooctyl alcohol, and catalyst to the reaction vessel. After the reaction is completed and purified, the third intermediate product is obtained. 2) Add an appropriate amount of the third intermediate product and sodium bisulfite solution into the reaction vessel. After the reaction is completed and purified, the fourth intermediate product is obtained. 3) Dissolve the fourth intermediate in the third solvent to prepare the third solution, then add an alkaline solution. After the reaction is complete and the product is purified, the fifth intermediate is obtained. 4) Dissolve an appropriate amount of the fifth intermediate product in the fourth solvent to obtain the fourth solution, and put the fourth solution into the reaction vessel. Then add the catalyst, and finally add an appropriate amount of hydroxymethyldioxapentanone. After the reaction is completed and purified, the second surfactant is obtained.
8. The surfactant for improving pesticide penetration according to claim 7, characterized in that: The process conditions for step 1) are to keep stirring during the reaction, the temperature is 80-100℃, and the reaction time is 5-30 minutes.
9. The surfactant for improving pesticide penetration according to claim 7, characterized in that: The process conditions for step 2) are a reaction temperature of 100-140℃ and a reaction time of 6-15h.
10. The surfactant for improving pesticide penetration according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step 3), the alkaline solution can be a sodium hydroxide solution or a potassium hydroxide solution with a concentration of 2%-10%, a pH value of 8-12, a temperature of 20-30℃, and a reaction time of 12-48h.