A tobacco pressurized infiltration treatment device and method

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of tobacco pressurized infiltration processing device and method, device includes: pressure vessel, including pressure shell and the tobacco processing inner container being arranged in pressure shell, the opening end outer wall of tobacco processing inner container is sealedly connected with the opening end inner wall of pressure shell, to make the closed liquid storage interlayer between pressure shell and tobacco processing inner container;Rotary drive unit is used to drive pressure shell and tobacco processing inner container are rotated;Liquid inlet unit is used to inject functional component solution to liquid storage interlayer;Atomization unit includes pressurizing component and at least one atomizing nozzle, pressurizing component is used to pass into compressed gas in liquid storage interlayer to pressurize functional component solution;And pressure regulation unit and temperature regulation unit.The application effectively improves the infiltration degree and distribution uniformity of functional component, realizes the puffing effect of tobacco, improves the filling value and combustion performance of tobacco, ensures the stable controllable of process parameter.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of tobacco processing technology, and specifically relates to a tobacco pressurized permeation treatment device and method. Background Technology

[0002] In the preparation of tobacco products (such as cigarettes and heated tobacco products), it is often necessary to introduce polyol additives such as glycerol and propylene glycol into the tobacco raw materials to improve moisture retention, smoke generation, and flavor release characteristics. Existing component loading methods mainly include spraying and impregnation. For example, Chinese invention patent CN 112167694 A discloses a multi-stage atomizing agent feeding process. This process uses an atomizing agent containing glycerol, which is heated to 90-100°C and then sprayed onto pre-treated tobacco filaments at 65-90°C. In this spraying method, the atomizing agent initially adheres to the surface and then slowly diffuses inward, making it difficult to achieve rapid, deep, and uniform penetration of functional components. Whether spraying or impregnating, the results often exhibit: enrichment on the surface, insufficient internal penetration, and localized over-wetting or dryness, affecting the stability, sensory consistency, and subsequent processing performance of the tobacco material.

[0003] To improve penetration efficiency, researchers attempted to draw inspiration from high-pressure puffing technology in the grain puffing field, specifically popcorn processing technology. This involves establishing a pressure difference under high temperature and pressure, and using instantaneous pressure relief to drive liquid or gas migration into the material's interior, achieving structural loosening and volume expansion in a very short time. However, directly applying this to tobacco processing presents significant problems: tobacco fiber structure is more fragile than grain, and the violent gas release and moisture flash evaporation caused by instantaneous pressure drop generate strong shear forces, leading to fiber breakage, increased breakage rate, decreased physical strength, and damage to the integrity of the raw material. Simultaneously, the high-speed airflow generated by instantaneous puffing may disperse functional components from the surface, hindering their orderly migration into the interior and reducing distribution uniformity. Furthermore, instantaneous pressure relief is a sudden process that is difficult to precisely control; its degree of puffing, porosity changes, and penetration depth exhibit significant randomness and non-repeatability, hindering stable industrial control.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a tobacco functional component processing device in tobacco raw material processing to overcome the problems of insufficient penetration and uneven distribution of functional components in existing technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, improve the penetration degree and distribution uniformity of functional components, and provide a tobacco pressurized penetration treatment device and method.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A tobacco pressurized permeation treatment apparatus, comprising:

[0008] A pressure vessel includes a pressure shell and a tobacco processing inner liner disposed within the pressure shell. The tobacco processing inner liner is open at one end and has an inner liner door at the opening. The outer wall of the open end of the tobacco processing inner liner is sealed to the inner wall of the open end of the pressure shell, thereby forming a closed liquid storage jacket between the pressure shell and the tobacco processing inner liner. The tobacco processing inner liner is used to contain tobacco raw materials, and the liquid storage jacket is used to hold functional component solutions.

[0009] A rotary drive unit, connected to the pressure housing, is used to drive the pressure housing and rotate the tobacco processing inner liner;

[0010] The liquid inlet unit is sealed and connected to the liquid storage jacket, and is used to inject the functional component solution into the liquid storage jacket;

[0011] The atomizing unit includes a pressurizing component and at least one atomizing nozzle. The pressurizing component is used to introduce compressed gas into the liquid storage jacket to pressurize the functional component solution. The atomizing nozzle is disposed on the inner wall of the tobacco processing liner, and its liquid inlet is sealed and connected to the liquid storage jacket for spraying the atomized functional component solution into the tobacco raw material in the tobacco processing liner.

[0012] A pressure control unit is sealed and connected to the tobacco processing inner liner, and is used to monitor and regulate the pressure inside the tobacco processing inner liner.

[0013] The temperature control unit includes a temperature sensing element and a heating element, both of which are mounted on the pressure vessel and are used to monitor and regulate the temperature inside the tobacco processing liner.

[0014] By employing a double-layer pressure vessel structure, tobacco raw materials are filled inside the tobacco processing inner liner, while a functional component solution is contained in the liquid storage jacket between the pressure shell and the tobacco processing inner liner. The functional component solution is pressurized by a pressurizing component and then sprayed directly onto the surface of the tobacco raw materials through atomizing nozzles on the inner wall of the tobacco processing inner liner. This design features a compact structure and high functional integration. A rotary drive unit drives the entire pressure vessel to rotate, causing the tobacco raw materials to continuously tumble dynamically. This ensures that the atomized functional component solution evenly covers each piece of tobacco, avoiding the localized over- or under-spraying problems of traditional static spraying and improving the uniformity of functional component solution penetration. A pressure control unit monitors and regulates the pressure inside the tobacco processing inner liner, and a temperature control unit regulates the internal temperature of the tobacco processing inner liner, ensuring stable and controllable process parameters and improving the penetration degree of the functional components.

[0015] Preferably, it further includes a fixed housing, within which the pressure vessel is rotatably disposed;

[0016] The rotary drive unit is disposed outside the fixed housing. The power output shaft of the rotary drive unit passes through the fixed housing and is connected to one end of the pressure housing. The rotary drive unit is used to drive the pressure vessel to rotate in both directions. The pressurization assembly is disposed on the fixed housing. The air outlet of the pressurization assembly is sealed and connected to the liquid storage jacket through a flexible venting pipe. The length of the flexible venting pipe between the pressure housing and the fixed housing is greater than the rotation circumference of the pressure housing.

[0017] An outer hatch is provided on the fixed outer shell at a position corresponding to the inner liner hatch. A main shaft linkage flange is provided on the outer hatch. One end of the main shaft linkage flange is fixed to the outer hatch, and the other end of the main shaft linkage flange is rotatably connected to the first end of a rotating shaft. The second end of the rotating shaft is connected to the inner liner hatch.

[0018] Preferably, the liquid inlet unit includes a liquid inlet pipe and a liquid inlet control valve disposed on the liquid inlet pipe. The liquid inlet of the liquid inlet pipe is used to seal and connect to an external functional component solution source, and its liquid outlet is sealed and connected to the liquid storage jacket. The length of the liquid inlet pipe between the pressure housing and the fixed outer shell is greater than the rotation circumference of the pressure housing.

[0019] Preferably, the outer wall of the pressure housing is provided with a concave first annular track, the outlet of the liquid inlet pipe is sealed and connected to the liquid inlet interface on the pressure housing, the liquid inlet pipe can be arranged around the first annular track, the first annular track is located on the rotation trajectory corresponding to the liquid inlet interface, and the first annular track forms a closed annular channel.

[0020] Preferably, the outer wall of the pressure housing is provided with a concave second annular track, the outlet of the flexible ventilation pipe is sealed and connected to the inlet port on the pressure housing, the flexible ventilation pipe can be wound around the second annular track, the second annular track is located on the rotation trajectory corresponding to the inlet port, and the second annular track forms a closed annular channel.

[0021] Preferably, the inner wall of the tobacco processing liner is provided with a plurality of lifting plates, which extend into the interior of the tobacco processing liner and are used to lift and scatter tobacco raw materials when the pressure vessel rotates.

[0022] Preferably, the rotary drive unit includes a stepper motor and a motor control circuit;

[0023] The motor control circuit includes a switching power supply, a PLC controller, and a stepper motor driver. The switching power supply is connected to the AC power terminal, the PLC controller, and the stepper motor driver respectively, and is used to convert AC power into DC power and power the PLC controller and the stepper motor driver. The PLC controller is connected to the stepper motor driver and is used to output direction signals and pulse signals to control the stepper motor driver. The stepper motor driver is connected to the stepper motor and is used to control the stepper motor speed according to the pulse signals and control the stepper motor to rotate forward and backward according to the direction signals.

[0024] The AC power terminal is connected in series with the main contact of the first contactor. The coil of the first contactor is connected in series with the first normally closed switch and the normally open switch and then connected to the AC power terminal. The normally open switch is connected in parallel with the auxiliary normally open contact of the first contactor to form a self-locking mechanism.

[0025] Preferably, the pressurization assembly includes a pressurization pump and a pressurization control circuit; the air outlet of the pressurization pump is in sealed communication with the liquid storage jacket.

[0026] The pressurization control circuit includes a pressurization control switch, a second contactor, and a pressure switch. The pressurization pump is connected to the AC power terminal via the main contact of the second contactor and the pressurization control switch.

[0027] The coil of the second contactor is connected in series with the second normally closed switch and the pressure switch to the AC power terminal; the pressure switch is used to automatically switch on and off according to the pressure of the liquid storage jacket to control the start and stop of the pressurizing pump and maintain the pressure stability in the liquid storage jacket.

[0028] Preferably, the pressure control unit includes a pressure relief pipe, a pressure gauge, and an adjustable pressure relief valve. The air inlet of the pressure relief pipe is sealed and connected to the inside of the tobacco processing liner. The pressure gauge and the adjustable pressure relief valve are both located on the pressure relief pipe outside the pressure vessel.

[0029] Preferably, the temperature control unit further includes a temperature controller, the input end of which is connected to the temperature sensing element, and the output end of which is connected to the heating element; the heating element is disposed on the outer wall of the tobacco processing inner liner and / or the outer wall of the pressure shell; the temperature sensing element is disposed inside the tobacco processing inner liner and / or the liquid storage jacket; the temperature controller adjusts the heating power of the heating element using a closed-loop control method based on the detection data of the temperature sensing element.

[0030] A method for pressurized tobacco permeation treatment, applied to the aforementioned apparatus, includes the following steps:

[0031] S1: Load the tobacco raw materials into the tobacco treatment inner container, and inject the functional component solution into the liquid storage interlayer;

[0032] S2: Close and seal the pressure vessel, start the rotary drive unit to drive the pressure vessel to rotate reciprocally in both directions, so that the tobacco raw materials tumble inside; at the same time, start the pressurization component, inject compressed gas into the liquid storage interlayer, pressurize and atomize the functional component solution through the atomizing nozzle and spray it onto the surface of the tumbling tobacco raw materials;

[0033] S3: Perform at least one pressurized penetration and gradient depressurization puffing cycle, and a single cycle includes:

[0034] a. Heating and pressurizing stage: Start the temperature control unit, heat the inside of the tobacco treatment inner container and maintain it at the set temperature T1, the pressure inside the tobacco treatment inner container rises synchronously with the temperature and is maintained at the first target pressure P1 for a duration of t1;

[0035] b. Gradient depressurization stage: Adjust the pressure control unit to reduce the pressure inside the tobacco treatment inner container from the first target pressure P1 to the second target pressure P2, where P2 < P1, and the pressure reduction rate is v;

[0036] S4: After the cycle ends, reduce the pressure inside the tobacco treatment inner container to atmospheric pressure, stop rotation and heating, and take out the treated tobacco raw materials.

[0037] Preferably, the value range of the set temperature T1 is 45°C to 60°C, the value range of the first target pressure P1 is 0.15 to 0.25 Mpa, the value range of the second target pressure P2 is 0.1 to 0.18 Mpa, and the pressure reduction rate v is achieved by controlling the opening of the adjustable pressure relief valve.

[0038] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0039] The device of the present invention provides an accommodation environment for tobacco raw materials and functional component solutions through the inner and outer double-layer structures of the pressure vessel. After the functional component solution is pressurized by compressed air in the liquid storage interlayer, it is directly sprayed onto the surface of the tobacco raw materials through the atomizing nozzle on the inner wall of the tobacco treatment inner container. The structure is compact and the functional integration degree is high; the whole pressure vessel is driven to rotate by the rotary drive unit, and in cooperation with the agitating plate inside the tobacco treatment inner container, the tobacco raw materials tumble continuously dynamically, improving the uniformity of the penetration of the functional component solution. Through the cooperation of the pressure switch and the pressure pump, the automatic maintenance of the pressure in the liquid storage interlayer is achieved; through the cooperation of the adjustable pressure relief valve and the pressure gauge, the precise adjustment of the pressure inside the tobacco treatment inner container is achieved, ensuring the stable control of process parameters and improving the penetration degree of functional components.

[0040] The method of the present invention improves the penetration degree and distribution uniformity of functional components based on the above-mentioned device; through the pressurized penetration and gradient depressurization expansion cycle process, the functional components rapidly penetrate into the interior of the tobacco under pressure, and then the gas in the pores inside the tobacco expands through gradient depressurization, thereby achieving the expansion effect of the tobacco, improving the filling value and combustion performance of the tobacco, while the functional components are more evenly distributed, avoiding fiber damage, and the process is safe and controllable. Attached Figure Description

[0041] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0042] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the device of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the rotation drive unit circuit of the device of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 3 This is a circuit diagram of the pressurization component of the device of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 4 This is a circuit diagram of the adjustable voltage valve of the device of the present invention.

[0046] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1-Fixed outer shell; 11-Outer hatch; 12-Main shaft linkage flange; 13-Rotating shaft; 14-Fixed component; 21-Pressure housing; 22-Tobacco processing inner liner; 23-Liquid storage jacket; 24-Inner liner hatch; 25-Scraping plate; 3-Rotating drive unit; 41-Pressure assembly; 42-Atomizing nozzle; 43-Functional component solution source; 51-Pressure gauge; 52-Adjustable pressure relief valve. Detailed Implementation

[0047] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a tobacco pressurized permeation treatment device, which includes a fixed outer shell 1, a pressure vessel, a rotary drive unit 3, a liquid inlet unit, an atomization unit, a pressure control unit, and a temperature control unit.

[0048] The pressure vessel includes a pressure shell 21 and a tobacco processing inner liner 22 disposed within the pressure shell 21. One end of the tobacco processing inner liner 22 is open, and an inner liner door 24 is provided at the opening. The outer wall of the open end of the tobacco processing inner liner 22 is sealed to the inner wall of the open end of the pressure shell 21, forming a closed liquid storage jacket 23 between the pressure shell 21 and the tobacco processing inner liner 22. The tobacco processing inner liner 22 is used to contain raw tobacco materials, and the liquid storage jacket 23 is used to hold functional component solutions. Multiple lifting plates 25 are provided on the inner wall of the tobacco processing inner liner 22, extending into the interior of the tobacco processing inner liner 22, for lifting and scattering the raw tobacco materials when the pressure vessel rotates. To further improve the degree of scattering and dispersion, the lifting plates 25 are configured as spirals or paddles.

[0049] In this embodiment, the tobacco processing inner tube 22 and the lifting plate 25 are made of pressure-resistant metal material, which can lift, scatter and turn the tobacco under high pressure, thereby avoiding clumping and enhancing the uniformity of atomization application.

[0050] The rotary drive unit 3 is connected to the pressure housing 21 and is used to drive the pressure housing 21 and drive the tobacco processing inner liner 22 to rotate.

[0051] In this embodiment, the pressure vessel is rotatably disposed within the fixed outer shell 1. A rotary drive unit 3 is disposed outside the fixed outer shell 1, and its power output shaft passes through the fixed outer shell 1 and connects to one end of the pressure shell 21. An outer hatch 11 is disposed on the fixed outer shell 1 at a position corresponding to the inner liner hatch 24. A main shaft linkage flange 12 is disposed on the outer hatch 11, one end of which is fixed to the outer hatch 11, and the other end of which is rotatably connected to the first end of a rotating shaft 13. The second end of the rotating shaft 13 is connected to the inner liner hatch 24. The outer hatch 11 is rigidly connected to the inner liner hatch 24 at the end of the tobacco processing inner liner 22 via the main shaft linkage flange 12 and the rotating shaft 13, achieving integrated synchronous axial movement opening and closing of the two hatches.

[0052] In this embodiment, the power output shaft of the rotary drive unit 3 and the rotary shaft 13 are both located on the axis of the pressure shell 21 and the tobacco processing inner liner 22. The rotary drive unit 3 supports and drives the pressure shell 21 and the tobacco processing inner liner 22 to rotate synchronously around the axis within the fixed outer shell 1. The other end of the pressure vessel is connected to the main shaft linkage flange 12 through the rotary shaft 13 to achieve synchronous rotation and support, thereby realizing the dynamic turning of the tobacco raw materials.

[0053] To achieve reliable sealing of the pressure vessel, an annular high-pressure sealing gasket is embedded inside the outer hatch 11. After the outer hatch 11 is closed, it fits tightly with the fixed outer shell 1 to form an external high-pressure seal. An inner liner sealing ring is embedded inside the inner liner hatch 24. After the inner liner hatch 24 is closed, it fits tightly with the tobacco processing inner liner 22 to form an internal high-pressure seal.

[0054] The rotary drive unit 3 is used to drive the pressure vessel to rotate in both directions. The rotary drive unit 3 includes a stepper motor M and a motor control circuit.

[0055] like Figure 2As shown, the motor control circuit includes a switching power supply (PSU), a PLC controller, and a stepper motor driver. The PSU is connected to the AC power terminals (L, N), the PLC controller, and the stepper motor driver to convert AC power to DC power and supply power to the PLC controller and the stepper motor driver. The PLC controller is connected to the stepper motor driver and outputs direction and pulse signals to control the stepper motor driver. The stepper motor driver is connected to the stepper motor M and controls the speed of the stepper motor M according to the pulse signals and the reciprocating rotation of the stepper motor M according to the direction signals. To facilitate operator control of the stepper motor, the PLC controller is also connected to a speed control potentiometer RV1 to adjust the speed of the stepper motor M according to the input of the speed control potentiometer RV1.

[0056] The main contact KM1-1 of the first contactor is connected in series between the AC power terminals (L, N) and the switching power supply PSU. The coil KM1 of the first contactor is connected in series with the first normally closed switch SB1 and the normally open switch SB2 and then connected to the AC power terminals (L, N). The normally open switch SB2 is connected in parallel with the auxiliary normally open contact KM1-2 of the first contactor to form a self-locking mechanism.

[0057] Specifically, the output terminals of the AC power supply (L, N) are connected to circuit breaker QF1. Circuit breaker QF1 automatically trips and cuts off the power supply to protect the stepper motor M when an overload or short circuit occurs in the circuit. The switching power supply PSU rectifies and regulates the input AC power to output 24V DC power. The +24V output terminal of the switching power supply PSU is connected to the +24V power supply terminal of the PLC controller and the +24V power supply terminal of the stepper motor driver, respectively. The 0V terminal of the switching power supply PSU is connected to the 0V power supply terminal of the PLC controller and the 0V power supply terminal of the stepper motor driver, respectively. The pulse signal output terminal (Y0) of the PLC controller is connected to the positive pulse signal terminal (PUL+) of the stepper motor driver, and the direction signal output terminal (Y1) of the PLC controller is connected to the positive direction signal terminal (DIR+) of the stepper motor driver. The negative pulse signal terminal (PUL-) of the stepper motor driver and the negative direction signal terminal (DIR-) of the stepper motor driver are shorted and then connected to the 0V terminal of the switching power supply PSU. The analog input terminal (AI) of the PLC controller is connected to the center tap of the speed control potentiometer RV1. The two ends of the speed control potentiometer RV1 are connected to the 10V voltage output terminal of the PLC controller and the ground wire GND, respectively. The speed control potentiometer RV1 is manually adjusted by adjusting the knob to set the resistance value. The PLC controller receives the analog set value to realize speed adjustment.

[0058] In this embodiment, both the first normally closed switch SB1 and the normally open switch SB2 are push-button switches. Pressing the normally open switch SB2 energizes the coil KM1 of the first contactor, closing the main contact KM1-1. The switching power supply PSU receives AC power and outputs 24V DC, powering on the PLC controller and the stepper motor driver, which then enter a ready state. Simultaneously, the auxiliary normally open contact KM1-2 of the first contactor closes. Releasing the normally open switch SB2 achieves self-locking, ensuring continuous and stable system operation. The speed control potentiometer RV1 outputs a 0-10V analog signal to the analog input terminal (AI) of the PLC controller. The PLC controller converts the analog signal into pulse frequency parameters, enabling manual speed adjustment. The PLC controller outputs a high-speed pulse voltage signal to the positive terminal (PUL+) of the stepper motor driver via the pulse signal output terminal (Y0). The pulse frequency determines the stepper motor speed, and the total number of pulses determines the number of rotations of the stepper motor. After receiving the pulse voltage signal, the stepper motor driver drives the stepper motor to operate at the set speed, realizing stepless speed regulation under pulse voltage control. Compared with traditional analog speed regulation, the speed and number of rotations control accuracy is higher and the response is faster. The PLC controller outputs a direction level signal to the positive terminal (DIR+) of the stepper motor driver via the direction signal output terminal (Y1): a high level corresponds to forward rotation, and a low level corresponds to reverse rotation (which can be adjusted according to the stepper motor driver parameters). The number of pulses required per revolution of the stepper motor is fixed (e.g., 3200 pulses are required per revolution when the step angle is 1.8° and the microstepping is 16 microseconds). The total number of pulses per revolution is preset in the PLC controller program.

[0059] In this embodiment, the reciprocating rotation process of the stepper motor is as follows: The PLC controller first sets the direction signal output terminal (Y1) to the forward rotation level, and outputs the number of pulses per revolution (e.g., 3200) through the pulse signal output terminal (Y0) to drive the stepper motor to rotate precisely one revolution forward. After the pulse output is completed, the process pauses. Then, the direction signal output terminal (Y1) is set to the reverse rotation level, and the number of pulses per revolution is output again to drive the stepper motor to rotate precisely one revolution in reverse. After the pulse output is completed, the process pauses. The above steps are repeated to achieve continuous reciprocating rotation. During operation, the pulse frequency can be adjusted in real time through the speed adjustment potentiometer RV1 to adjust the speed of reciprocating rotation and adapt to different process requirements.

[0060] Pressing the first normally closed switch SB1 de-energizes the coil KM1 of the first contactor, opens the main contact KM1-1 of the first contactor, de-energizes the switching power supply PSU and stops outputting, de-energizes the PLC controller and the stepper motor driver, and stops the stepper motor M, thus completing the system shutdown.

[0061] The pressure vessel is rotated by the rotary drive unit 3, causing the tobacco raw material to tumble dynamically. This ensures that the atomized functional component solution evenly covers each piece of tobacco, avoiding the problems of localized over- or under-application that occur with traditional static spraying and improving the uniformity of functional component solution penetration. The rotation speed can be adjusted according to different tobacco varieties and processing requirements by using a PLC controller in the motor control circuit.

[0062] The liquid inlet unit is sealed and connected to the liquid storage jacket 23, and is used to inject the functional component solution into the liquid storage jacket 23. Specifically, the liquid inlet unit includes an inlet pipe and an inlet control valve installed on the inlet pipe. The inlet of the inlet pipe is sealed and connected to an external functional component solution source 43, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the outlet of the inlet pipe is sealed and connected to the liquid storage jacket 23 through the inlet interface on the pressure housing 21. The inlet pipe is blocked or opened by the inlet control valve to allow the functional component solution to enter. In this embodiment, the inlet pipe is made of a pressure-resistant, temperature-resistant, and fatigue-resistant flexible material (such as a PTFE corrugated pipe or reinforced silicone hose), and it is fixed to the fixed outer shell 1 by a fastener 14 to prevent entanglement. The inlet pipe is long enough to avoid stretching when the pressure vessel rotates forward or backward. Furthermore, the length of the inlet pipe between the pressure housing 21 and the fixed outer shell 1 is greater than the rotational circumference of the pressure housing 21, ensuring that the inlet pipe remains relaxed during reciprocating rotation and avoiding excessive stretching.

[0063] The outer wall of the pressure housing 21 is provided with a recessed first annular track. The outlet of the liquid inlet pipe is sealed and connected to the liquid inlet interface on the pressure housing 21. The liquid inlet pipe can be arranged around the first annular track. The first annular track is located on the rotation trajectory corresponding to the liquid inlet interface (the circumferential path that the liquid inlet interface will pass through when rotating around the axis). The first annular track forms a closed annular channel. Its inner wall is polished or coated with a low friction coefficient material (such as polytetrafluoroethylene) to reduce the frictional resistance when the liquid inlet pipe slides in the first annular track. The width of the first annular track is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the liquid inlet pipe, and the depth is sufficient to accommodate the liquid inlet pipe and prevent it from falling out. When the rotary drive unit 3 drives the pressure vessel to rotate forward, the liquid inlet port drives the liquid inlet pipe to slide along the first circular track in the forward direction. The liquid inlet pipe gradually enters the first circular track and rotates along its annular path. When the rotary drive unit 3 drives the pressure vessel to rotate in reverse, the liquid inlet port drives the liquid inlet pipe to slide in the reverse direction along the first circular track. The liquid inlet pipe exits from the first circular track and returns to its initial state. This allows the liquid inlet pipe to follow the rotation of the pressure vessel while injecting the functional component solution into the liquid storage jacket 23 without entanglement or excessive stretching.

[0064] In another embodiment, a certain amount of functional component solution can be injected through the liquid inlet unit before processing the tobacco raw material. After the liquid injection is completed, the connection between the liquid inlet interface on the pressure housing 21 and the liquid inlet unit is disconnected, the liquid inlet interface is sealed, and then the pressure permeation treatment of the tobacco raw material is started.

[0065] The atomizing unit includes a pressurizing assembly 41 and at least one atomizing nozzle 42. The atomizing nozzle 42 is disposed on the inner wall of the tobacco processing inner liner 22, and its liquid inlet is sealed and connected to the liquid storage jacket 23 for spraying atomized functional component solution into the tobacco raw material inside the tobacco processing inner liner 22. The pressurizing assembly 41 is used to introduce compressed gas into the liquid storage jacket 23 to pressurize the functional component solution.

[0066] The pressurization assembly 41 is mounted on the fixed housing 1 and includes a pressurization pump and a pressurization control circuit. The outlet of the pressurization pump is sealed to the liquid storage jacket 23 via a flexible venting pipe. In this embodiment, the flexible venting pipe is made of a pressure-resistant, temperature-resistant, and fatigue-resistant flexible material (such as a PTFE corrugated pipe or a reinforced silicone hose). The flexible venting pipe is fixed to the fixed housing 1 by a fastener 14 to prevent entanglement. The flexible venting pipe is long enough to avoid stretching when the pressure vessel rotates forward or backward. Furthermore, the length of the flexible venting pipe between the pressure housing 21 and the fixed housing 1 is greater than the rotation circumference of the pressure housing 21, ensuring that the flexible venting pipe remains relaxed during reciprocating rotation and avoiding excessive stretching. The outlet of the flexible venting pipe is sealed to the liquid storage jacket 23 via an air inlet on the pressure housing 21. The outer wall of the pressure housing 21 is provided with a concave second circumferential track to accommodate the flexible venting pipe and prevent it from detaching. The flexible ventilation duct can be wound around the second annular track, which is located on the rotation trajectory corresponding to the air intake interface, forming a closed annular channel. The method of setting the second annular track is the same as that of setting the first annular track described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0067] like Figure 3 As shown, the pressurization control circuit includes a pressurization control switch QS1, a second contactor, and a pressure switch SP. The pressurization pump P is connected to the AC power terminals (L, N) via the main contacts KM2-1 of the second contactor and the pressurization control switch QS1, forming the main power supply circuit. The coil KM2 of the second contactor is connected in series with the second normally closed switch SB3 and the pressure switch SP, and then connected to the AC power terminals (L, N), forming the control circuit. A running indicator light HL1 is connected in parallel to the pressurization pump P to visually indicate whether the pressurization pump P is running or stopped.

[0068] The pressure switch SP is used to automatically switch on and off based on the pressure in the liquid storage jacket 23 to control the start and stop of the pressurizing pump P and maintain stable pressure within the liquid storage jacket 23. When the pressure switch SP detects that the pressure in the liquid storage jacket 23 is lower than the preset lower limit value, the pressure switch SP contacts close, the control circuit is connected, the coil KM2 of the second contactor is energized, the main contact KM2-1 of the second contactor in the main power supply circuit closes, the pressurizing pump P is energized and starts, and the running indicator light HL1 lights up simultaneously, indicating pressurization operation; when the pressure switch SP detects that the pressure in the liquid storage jacket 23 rises to the preset upper limit value, the pressure switch SP contacts open, the control circuit is disconnected, the coil KM2 of the second contactor is de-energized, the main contact KM2-1 of the second contactor in the main power supply circuit opens, the pressurizing pump P stops operating, the running indicator light HL1 goes out simultaneously, and pressurization stops. During the atomization spraying process, the pressure of the liquid storage jacket 23 decreases due to solution consumption. When the pressure falls below the preset lower limit of the pressure switch SP again, the contacts of the pressure switch SP close again, and the pressurization pump P automatically starts to replenish the pressure. This cycle continues, ensuring that the pressure of the liquid storage jacket 23 is always maintained within the preset upper and lower limit range, thus ensuring stable atomization spraying pressure and achieving continuous pressure maintenance.

[0069] Closing the pressurization control switch QS1 manually cuts off the power supply to the main power circuit. QS1 serves as the main switch for maintenance or emergencies. The second normally closed switch SB3 is a manual emergency stop switch. Pressing it disconnects the control circuit, stops the pressurization pump P, and extinguishes the operation indicator light HL1, thus achieving a manual emergency stop.

[0070] To protect the circuit, a first fuse FU1 is connected between the main contact KM2-1 of the second contactor and the pressure control switch QS1, and a second fuse FU2 is connected between the live AC power terminal L and the second normally closed switch SB3. The first fuse FU1 provides overcurrent and short-circuit protection for the main power supply circuit; the second fuse FU2 provides overcurrent protection for the control circuit.

[0071] Automatic voltage stabilization is achieved through a pressure control circuit, reducing the intensity of manual operation and improving production efficiency.

[0072] By rotating and flipping the flipper 25, atomizing and spraying, and high-pressure penetration working together, the functional components not only adhere evenly to the tobacco surface, but also penetrate deep into the fiber, thereby improving the penetration efficiency of the functional components and significantly improving the uniformity of distribution.

[0073] The pressure control unit is sealed and connected to the tobacco processing inner liner 22, and is used to monitor and regulate the pressure inside the tobacco processing inner liner 22.

[0074] like Figure 1As shown, the pressure control unit includes a pressure relief pipe, a pressure gauge 51, and an adjustable pressure relief valve 52. The air inlet of the pressure relief pipe is sealed and connected to the inside of the tobacco processing inner liner 22. Both the pressure gauge 51 and the adjustable pressure relief valve 52 are located on the pressure relief pipe outside the pressure vessel. The opening degree of the adjustable pressure relief valve 52 is adjustable, used to reduce the pressure in the tobacco processing inner liner 22 from a first target pressure P1 to a second target pressure P2, and the pressure reduction rate is controllable.

[0075] In this embodiment, both the pressure gauge 51 and the adjustable pressure relief valve 52 are located outside the outer hatch 11. The pressure relief pipe includes a rigid part and a flexible part. The rigid part is located outside the outer hatch 11, with one end sealed to the adjustable pressure relief valve 52 and the other end sealed to the outside of the first pressure relief connector (not shown in the figure) on the outer hatch 11. The flexible part is located inside the outer hatch 11, with one end sealed to the inside of the first pressure relief connector on the outer hatch 11 and the other end sealed to the second pressure relief connector (not shown in the figure) on the inner liner hatch 24. The flexible part of the pressure relief pipe ensures that the pressure relief pipe is not torn when the pressure vessel rotates, thus avoiding affecting the pressure relief. Both the first and second pressure relief connectors are used to seal and connect the pressure relief pipe.

[0076] like Figure 4 As shown, the adjustable pressure relief valve 52 includes a DC 24V power supply, a pressure relief valve coil YV1, a pressure relief valve core, and a voltage adjusting potentiometer RV2. The pressure relief valve coil YV1 is electromagnetically induced to cooperate with the valve core. The DC 24V power supply is used for DC power supply. The pressure relief valve coil YV1 is connected in series with the voltage adjusting potentiometer RV2 to adjust the current flowing through the pressure relief valve coil YV1, so as to drive the pressure relief valve core to move and thus adjust the opening degree.

[0077] When the DC24V power supply is turned on, the pressure relief valve coil YV1 is energized, and the adjustable pressure relief valve 52 opens, allowing the pressure in the tobacco processing inner liner 22 to begin releasing; when the DC24V power supply is turned off, the pressure relief valve coil YV1 is de-energized, and the adjustable pressure relief valve 52 closes, stopping the pressure release from the tobacco processing inner liner 22.

[0078] When the resistance of the voltage regulating potentiometer RV2 is decreased, the current flowing through the pressure relief valve coil YV1 increases, the magnetic force strengthens, the valve core opening of the pressure relief valve increases, and the voltage reduction rate becomes faster. When the resistance of the voltage regulating potentiometer RV2 is increased, the current flowing through the pressure relief valve coil YV1 decreases, the magnetic force weakens, the valve core opening of the pressure relief valve decreases, and the voltage reduction rate becomes slower.

[0079] By cooperating with the pressure switch SP and the pressurizing pump P, the pressure of the liquid storage jacket 23 is automatically maintained. By cooperating with the adjustable pressure relief valve 52 and the pressure gauge 51, the internal pressure of the tobacco processing inner liner 22 is precisely adjusted, achieving a slow and controllable gradient pressure reduction, ensuring the stability and controllability of process parameters, and improving the penetration degree of functional components.

[0080] The temperature control unit includes a temperature sensing element and a heating element, both of which are mounted on the pressure vessel to monitor and regulate the temperature inside the tobacco processing inner liner 22. The temperature control system heats the tobacco processing inner liner 22 to a set temperature range to promote the penetration of the functional component solution into the tobacco under high pressure.

[0081] The temperature control unit also includes a thermostat, whose input is connected to a temperature sensing element and whose output is connected to a heating element. The heating element is located on the outer wall of the tobacco processing inner liner 22 and the outer wall of the pressure shell 21. The temperature sensing element is located inside the tobacco processing inner liner 22 and / or within the liquid storage jacket 23. Based on the detection data from the temperature sensing element, the thermostat adjusts the heating power of the heating element using a closed-loop control method. The temperature control accuracy of the thermostat is ±2℃, and the set temperature range is 45℃ to 60℃.

[0082] The heating elements can be electric heating belts or steam heating jackets, which are evenly arranged around the outer wall of the tobacco processing inner liner 22 and the outer wall of the pressure shell 21.

[0083] The temperature control unit adopts a closed-loop PID temperature control method. The temperature sensing element monitors the temperature in real time, and the temperature controller adjusts the power of the heating element according to the deviation to ensure that the processing temperature is accurately controlled within the target range, which is conducive to the penetration of functional components and the maintenance of tobacco quality.

[0084] This device provides an expansion environment for tobacco penetration through a pressure vessel. The temperature control unit increases the temperature and pressure to create a high-temperature and high-pressure environment and establish a pressure difference. The high pressure drives penetration and the pressure difference promotes a looser structure. The pressure control unit dynamically adjusts the pressure inside the tobacco processing liner 22 to achieve a controllable gradient depressurization, avoiding damage caused by instantaneous expansion. In conjunction with the pressurization component 41, the pressurization and depressurization processes can be controlled and adjusted in stages to achieve deep and uniform penetration of functional components. At the same time, it gently improves the pore structure of the tobacco, making it more porous, thereby enhancing its hygroscopicity, fog carrying capacity, and the stability of flavor release.

[0085] The present invention also provides a method for pressurized tobacco permeation treatment, applied to the above-mentioned apparatus, comprising the following steps:

[0086] S1: The tobacco raw material is loaded into the tobacco processing inner liner 22, and the functional component solution is injected into the liquid storage jacket 23; the weight of the tobacco raw material can be 800g~1000g;

[0087] S2: Close and seal the pressure vessel, start the rotary drive unit 3 to drive the pressure vessel to rotate back and forth, so that the tobacco raw material tumbles inside; at the same time, start the pressurization component 41 to inject compressed gas into the liquid storage jacket 23, and pressurize and atomize the functional component solution through the atomizing nozzle 42 and spray it onto the surface of the tumbling tobacco raw material.

[0088] S3: Perform at least one pressurized osmosis and gradient pressure reduction puffing cycle. A single cycle includes:

[0089] a. Heating and pressurizing stage: Start the temperature control unit, heat the inside of the tobacco treatment inner tank 22 and maintain it at the set temperature T1. The pressure inside the tobacco treatment inner tank 22 increases synchronously with the temperature and is maintained at the first target pressure P1 for a duration of t1. The value range of the set temperature T1 is 45°C to 60°C, and the value range of the first target pressure P1 is 0.15 to 0.25 Mpa.

[0090] b. Gradient pressure reduction stage: Adjust the pressure control unit to reduce the pressure inside the tobacco treatment inner tank 22 from the first target pressure P1 to the second target pressure P2, where P2 < P1, and the pressure reduction rate is v. The value range of the second target pressure P2 is 0.1 to 0.18 Mpa. The pressure reduction rate v is achieved by controlling the opening degree of the adjustable pressure relief valve 52, and the corresponding pressure reduction time range is 5 - 15 minutes.

[0091] S4: After the cycle ends, reduce the pressure inside the tobacco treatment inner tank 22 to atmospheric pressure, stop rotation and heating, and take out the processed tobacco raw material;

[0092] S5: Dry the processed tobacco raw material to the set moisture content and detect the tobacco quality.

[0093] In this embodiment, the pressurized osmosis and gradient pressure reduction puffing cycle can be performed 2 - 5 times to improve the osmosis and puffing effects.

[0094] The functional component solution contains glycerol and propylene glycol, and the mass ratio range thereof is 1:4 to 2:3.

[0095] The following further elaborates on the tobacco pressurized osmosis treatment method in combination with specific embodiments:

[0096] Example 1

[0097] Operation steps:

[0098] 1. Load 900 g of flue - cured tobacco cut - filler into the tobacco treatment inner tank 22, and inject 500 mL of the solution prepared according to the mass ratio of glycerol:propylene glycol = 3:7 into the liquid storage interlayer 23 through the pressure - resistant pipeline from the functional component solution source 43.

[0099] 2. Seal the pressure vessel and the fixed outer shell 1, then start the rotation drive unit 3, so that the pressure shell 21 and the tobacco treatment inner tank 22 rotate synchronously at 10 rpm inside the fixed outer shell 1 to continuously tumble the material. At the same time, maintain the pressure of the liquid storage interlayer 23 at 0.35 MPa for atomized flavoring. The temperature of the tobacco treatment inner tank 22 rises to 50°C, and the pressure rises to 0.2 MPa and remains for 20 min.

[0100] 3. By adjusting the adjustable pressure relief valve 52, the pressure of the tobacco processing inner tube 22 is slowly and controllably reduced to 0.15MPa within 8 minutes.

[0101] 4. Repeat steps 2 to 3 twice, for a total of 3 cycles.

[0102] 5. After the cycle is complete, slowly reduce the pressure to normal pressure, take out the processed tobacco, and place it in hot air at 50℃ to dry until the moisture content is 12.5%.

[0103] Performance comparison:

[0104] After treatment using this method, the physical structure of the tobacco shreds was significantly improved. Before the expansion treatment, the tobacco filling value was 4.2 cm³ / g, which increased to 4.5 cm³ / g after treatment. The porosity of the tobacco shreds increased from 45% before treatment to 52%, which helps improve mass transfer and combustion uniformity. Simultaneously, cigarettes made from the treated and untreated tobacco shreds were rolled and tested. Under standard smoking conditions, the tar release of the treated cigarettes was reduced by approximately 3.5% compared to the untreated cigarettes. This is mainly due to the increased and optimized pore structure caused by expansion, resulting in more uniform combustion and a more stable temperature distribution. Furthermore, sensory evaluation results showed that the smoke from the treated cigarettes was smoother and more delicate, with significantly reduced irritation, enhanced moistness, and improved overall flavor harmony.

[0105] Example 2

[0106] Operating steps:

[0107] 1. Pack 850g of flavored tobacco into the tobacco processing inner liner 22, and inject 450mL of a solution prepared by mixing glycerol and propylene glycol in a mass ratio of 2:8 into the liquid storage jacket 23 through the pressure-resistant pipe route via the functional component solution source 43.

[0108] 2. After sealing the pressure vessel and fixing the outer shell 1, start the rotary drive unit 3 to make the pressure shell 21 and the tobacco processing inner liner 22 rotate synchronously at 8 rpm inside the fixing shell 1, so that the material is continuously turned over, and the pressure of the liquid storage jacket 23 is maintained at 0.30 MPa for atomization and flavoring. The temperature of the tobacco processing inner liner 22 rises to 48℃ and the pressure rises to 0.2 MPa, which is maintained for 25 minutes.

[0109] 3. By adjusting the adjustable pressure relief valve 52, the pressure of the tobacco processing inner tube 22 is slowly and controllably reduced to 0.13MPa within 10 minutes.

[0110] 4. Repeat steps 2 to 3 once, for a total of 2 cycles.

[0111] 5. After the cycle is complete, slowly reduce the pressure to normal pressure, take out the processed tobacco leaves, and place them in hot air at 45℃ to dry until the moisture content is 13%.

[0112] Performance comparison:

[0113] After treatment using this method, the physical structure of the flavored tobacco was significantly improved. The tobacco filling value increased from 3.8 cm³ / g to 4.3 cm³ / g, and the porosity increased from 42% to 50%. Cigarettes made from both treated and untreated tobacco were tested. Under standard smoking conditions, the tar release of the treated cigarettes decreased by approximately 4.1% compared to the untreated cigarettes. Furthermore, sensory evaluation results showed that the treated cigarettes had a smoother and more delicate smoke, reduced irritation, and improved moisture retention. This improvement in the physical structure of the tobacco was achieved through a gentle and controllable puffing process.

[0114] This method uses a cyclical process of pressurization, pressure holding, and gradient pressure reduction to vaporize the moisture inside the tobacco fibers, producing a swelling effect that increases the porosity and specific surface area of ​​the raw materials. The expanded tobacco has a more porous structure, allowing for more complete contact with oxygen during combustion and reducing tar and other harmful components produced by incomplete reactions. At the same time, the loosening of the structure also helps functional components to be more firmly fixed in the fiber pores, improving the consistency of component release.

[0115] This invention employs a rotatable double-layer pressure vessel, built-in multiple nozzles for atomization application, and segmented pressure control. The entire process is carried out in a closed environment, and the pressure, temperature, depressurization rate, and number of cycles can all be adjusted. This allows for controllable expansion while avoiding the risk of instantaneous pressure relief, ensuring that tobacco fibers are not excessively damaged and significantly improving process safety.

[0116] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope defined in the claims.

Claims

1. A tobacco pressurized permeation treatment device, characterized in that, include: A pressure vessel includes a pressure shell and a tobacco processing inner liner disposed within the pressure shell. The tobacco processing inner liner is open at one end and has an inner liner door at the opening. The outer wall of the open end of the tobacco processing inner liner is sealed to the inner wall of the open end of the pressure shell, thereby forming a closed liquid storage jacket between the pressure shell and the tobacco processing inner liner. The tobacco processing inner liner is used to contain tobacco raw materials, and the liquid storage jacket is used to hold functional component solutions. A rotary drive unit, connected to the pressure housing, is used to drive the pressure housing and rotate the tobacco processing inner liner; The liquid inlet unit is sealed and connected to the liquid storage jacket, and is used to inject the functional component solution into the liquid storage jacket; The atomizing unit includes a pressurizing component and at least one atomizing nozzle. The pressurizing component is used to introduce compressed gas into the liquid storage jacket to pressurize the functional component solution. The atomizing nozzle is disposed on the inner wall of the tobacco processing liner, and its liquid inlet is sealed and connected to the liquid storage jacket for spraying the atomized functional component solution into the tobacco raw material in the tobacco processing liner. A pressure control unit is sealed and connected to the tobacco processing inner liner, and is used to monitor and regulate the pressure inside the tobacco processing inner liner. The temperature control unit includes a temperature sensing element and a heating element, both of which are mounted on the pressure vessel and are used to monitor and regulate the temperature inside the tobacco processing liner.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a fixed housing, within which the pressure vessel is rotatably disposed; The rotary drive unit is disposed outside the fixed housing. The power output shaft of the rotary drive unit passes through the fixed housing and is connected to one end of the pressure housing. The rotary drive unit is used to drive the pressure vessel to rotate in both directions. The pressurization assembly is disposed on the fixed housing. The air outlet of the pressurization assembly is sealed and connected to the liquid storage jacket through a flexible venting pipe. The length of the flexible venting pipe between the pressure housing and the fixed housing is greater than the rotation circumference of the pressure housing. An outer hatch is provided on the fixed outer shell at a position corresponding to the inner liner hatch. A main shaft linkage flange is provided on the outer hatch. One end of the main shaft linkage flange is fixed to the outer hatch, and the other end of the main shaft linkage flange is rotatably connected to the first end of a rotating shaft. The second end of the rotating shaft is connected to the inner liner hatch.

3. The apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, The liquid inlet unit includes a liquid inlet pipe and a liquid inlet control valve installed on the liquid inlet pipe. The liquid inlet of the liquid inlet pipe is used to seal and connect to an external functional component solution source, and its liquid outlet is sealed and connected to the liquid storage jacket. The length of the liquid inlet pipe between the pressure housing and the fixed outer shell is greater than the rotation circumference of the pressure housing.

4. The apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that, The outer wall of the pressure housing is provided with a concave first annular track. The outlet of the liquid inlet pipe is sealed and connected to the liquid inlet interface on the pressure housing. The liquid inlet pipe can be arranged inside the first annular track. The first annular track is located on the rotation trajectory corresponding to the liquid inlet interface. The first annular track forms a closed annular channel.

5. The apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, The outer wall of the pressure housing is provided with a concave second annular track. The outlet of the flexible ventilation pipe is sealed and connected to the inlet port on the pressure housing. The flexible ventilation pipe can be wound around the second annular track. The second annular track is located on the rotation trajectory corresponding to the inlet port. The second annular track forms a closed ring channel.

6. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the tobacco processing liner is provided with multiple lifting plates, which extend into the interior of the tobacco processing liner and are used to lift and scatter tobacco raw materials when the pressure vessel rotates.

7. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotary drive unit includes a stepper motor and a motor control circuit; The motor control circuit includes a switching power supply, a PLC controller, and a stepper motor driver. The switching power supply is connected to the AC power terminal, the PLC controller, and the stepper motor driver respectively, and is used to convert AC power into DC power and power the PLC controller and the stepper motor driver. The PLC controller is connected to the stepper motor driver and is used to output direction signals and pulse signals to control the stepper motor driver. The stepper motor driver is connected to the stepper motor and is used to control the stepper motor speed according to the pulse signals and control the stepper motor to rotate forward and backward according to the direction signals. The AC power terminal is connected in series with the main contact of the first contactor. The coil of the first contactor is connected in series with the first normally closed switch and the normally open switch and then connected to the AC power terminal. The normally open switch is connected in parallel with the auxiliary normally open contact of the first contactor to form a self-locking mechanism.

8. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressurization assembly includes a pressurization pump and a pressurization control circuit; the air outlet of the pressurization pump is in sealed communication with the liquid storage jacket. The pressurization control circuit includes a pressurization control switch, a second contactor, and a pressure switch. The pressurization pump is connected to the AC power terminal via the main contact of the second contactor and the pressurization control switch. The coil of the second contactor is connected in series with the second normally closed switch and the pressure switch to the AC power terminal; the pressure switch is used to automatically switch on and off according to the pressure of the liquid storage jacket to control the start and stop of the pressurizing pump and maintain the pressure stability in the liquid storage jacket.

9. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure control unit includes a pressure relief pipe, a pressure gauge, and an adjustable pressure relief valve. The air inlet of the pressure relief pipe is sealed and connected to the inside of the tobacco processing liner. The pressure gauge and the adjustable pressure relief valve are both located on the pressure relief pipe outside the pressure vessel.

10. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature control unit further includes a temperature controller, the input end of which is connected to the temperature sensing element, and the output end of which is connected to the heating element. The heating element is disposed on the outer wall of the tobacco processing inner liner and / or the outer wall of the pressure shell. The temperature sensing element is disposed inside the tobacco processing inner liner and / or the liquid storage jacket. The temperature controller adjusts the heating power of the heating element using a closed-loop control method based on the detection data of the temperature sensing element.

11. A method for pressurized tobacco permeation treatment, applied to the apparatus according to any one of claims 1-10, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Load the tobacco raw materials into the tobacco processing inner liner and inject the functional component solution into the liquid storage jacket; S2: Close and seal the pressure vessel, start the rotary drive unit to drive the pressure vessel to rotate back and forth, so that the tobacco raw materials tumble inside; at the same time, start the pressurizing component, inject compressed gas into the liquid storage interlayer, pressurize and atomize the functional component solution through the atomizing nozzle and spray it onto the surface of the tumbling tobacco raw materials; S3: Perform at least one cycle of pressurized penetration and gradient depressurization puffing. Each cycle includes: a. Heating and pressurizing stage: Start the temperature control unit, heat the inside of the tobacco treatment inner tank and maintain it at the set temperature T1. The pressure inside the tobacco treatment inner tank rises synchronously with the temperature and is maintained at the first target pressure P1 for a duration of t1; b. Gradient depressurization stage: Adjust the pressure control unit to reduce the pressure inside the tobacco treatment inner tank from the first target pressure P1 to the second target pressure P2, where P2 < P1 and the depressurization rate is v; S4: After the cycle ends, reduce the pressure inside the tobacco treatment inner tank to atmospheric pressure, stop rotation and heating, and take out the processed tobacco raw materials.

12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that, The value range of the set temperature T1 is 45°C to 60°C, the value range of the first target pressure P1 is 0.15 to 0.25 Mpa, the value range of the second target pressure P2 is 0.1 to 0.18 Mpa, and the depressurization rate v is achieved by controlling the opening degree of the adjustable pressure relief valve.

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