Oral implant and application

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of oral cavity medical instruments, in particular to an oral implant and application, characterized in that the oral implant comprises an implant body and a transverse locking structure, the implant body comprises a connecting part at the coronal side and a wedge part at the root side, the upper end of the wedge part is integrally connected with the connecting part, the wedge part is provided as a plate-shaped structure, the wedge part is used for wedging into the alveolar ridge to realize guiding and positioning, the connecting part is used for connecting with the upper prosthesis, the transverse locking structure comprises a transverse channel provided on the implant body, the transverse channel penetrates through the wedge part or the joint area of the connecting part and the wedge part, is used for transversely penetrating the fixing part, and realizes locking of the implant body and the jaw bone, the oral implant is used for tooth implantation of human bodies or animals, has the advantages of simple structure, high success rate, low risk, and the like, and can adapt to different alveolar bone conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of oral medical device technology, specifically to an oral implant and its application. Background Technology

[0002] As is well known, dental implants, also known as dental implants, are implanted into the upper and lower jawbones at the site of missing teeth through surgical procedures. After the surgical wound heals, a prosthetic tooth is installed on top of it.

[0003] Currently, most implants are threaded implants. Threaded implants are structurally limited to cylindrical or conical shapes and are rotationally symmetric. This type of structure has the following implantation defects: (1) The diameter of cylindrical or conical implants limits the implantation range: When the patient's alveolar bone has insufficient buccal and lingual width (such as alveolar ridge shrinkage to 4mm), only implants with a diameter ≤4mm can be selected, and the mesiodistal width of the implant is also forced to be limited to ≤4mm; conversely, when a larger mesiodistal longitudinal width is required, its buccal and lingual thickness also increases, making it impossible to implant in a narrow alveolar ridge.

[0004] (2) Cylindrical or conical implants have strict requirements for bone conditions: patients' alveolar bone must have sufficient width and height at the same time. Patients with narrow alveolar ridges or extremely narrow alveolar ridges need to expand bone volume through surgery such as bone splitting, GBR bone grafting, and external bone grafting. The surgery is highly invasive, has a long cycle, and is costly. In addition, there is a risk of absorption and infection in the bone graft area, which increases the patient's trauma and economic burden.

[0005] (3) Poor initial stability of cylindrical or conical implants: After implantation of implants with limited bone height, long implants cannot be used, resulting in insufficient initial stability and easy micromovement, which may lead to bone resorption or implantation failure. Therefore, traditional implants rely entirely on the implantation depth and their own length to obtain initial stability, which requires extremely high bone height. In cases of short bones with insufficient bone height, stable fixation cannot be achieved.

[0006] (4) Limited osseointegration surface area of ​​cylindrical or conical implants: Since the diameter determines the circumference, in cases where the bone width is limited, the bone-implant contact area of ​​traditional implants is severely compressed, which directly affects the osseointegration quality and long-term load-bearing capacity.

[0007] (5) Traditional implants have an internal drive section, which is prone to stress concentration and breakage, affecting the lifespan of the implant; fifth, traditional matching screws need to be pre-tapping, which is cumbersome and prolongs the operation time.

[0008] (6) Special areas have great difficulty in implantation: a. Single tooth loss in the anterior region (including the upper and lower jaws) is a difficult area in clinical treatment because the alveolar ridge thickness in the anterior region is generally insufficient, often less than 4mm, or even only 2-3mm; b. Insufficient bone height in the mandibular posterior region, the biggest risk of implantation in the mandibular posterior region is damage to the inferior alveolar nerve. Clinically, it is required that the implant and the inferior alveolar nerve canal must maintain a safe distance of at least 2mm. When the distance from the alveolar ridge crest to the nerve canal is only 3-5mm, traditional short implants (≤6mm) can be considered, but the initial stability is heavily dependent on bone density, and the failure rate is significantly higher in D3 / D4 bone; c. Insufficient bone height in the maxillary posterior region, the biggest risk of implantation in the maxillary posterior region is maxillary sinus perforation. When the remaining bone height is only 3-5mm, traditional implants cannot be directly inserted and a maxillary sinus lift (internal or external lift) must be performed. The surgery is complex, the treatment period is as long as 9-15 months, and the sinus membrane perforation rate is about 10-30%. d. The implant dilemma in multiple consecutive missing teeth: When two consecutive teeth are missing in the mandible or maxilla (such as central incisor + lateral incisor), traditional implants face a dilemma: implanting two independent implants requires a gap of 1.5mm between the adjacent teeth on both sides + a gap of 1.5mm between the implants in the middle + the diameter of the two implants, which often exceeds the total width of the missing space, resulting in no implantation or leaving a large gap; implanting one implant + bridge restoration to form a single-end cantilever beam is mechanically unreasonable and has a high risk of long-term failure. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a dental implant that breaks the limitations of the traditional implant thickness and width binding, adapts to the anatomical shape of narrow and extremely narrow bones, and relies on the self-tapping transverse cortical bone screw sandwich locking structure to get rid of the dependence on implant depth and length, adapts to low bone scenarios, and can achieve efficient and stable implantation without additional bone grafting or pre-tapping, thus filling the gap in the clinical application of traditional implants.

[0010] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is: An oral implant, characterized in that the oral implant includes an implant body and a transverse locking structure, wherein the implant body includes a coronal connecting portion and a apical wedging portion, the upper end of the wedging portion is integrally connected to the connecting portion, the wedging portion is configured as a plate-like structure, the wedging portion is used to wed into the alveolar ridge to achieve guided placement, the connecting portion is used to connect with a superstructure, and the transverse locking structure includes a transverse channel provided in the implant body, the transverse channel passing through the wedging portion or the junction area of ​​the connecting portion and the wedging portion, for allowing a fixation member to pass through laterally to achieve locking of the implant body to the jawbone.

[0011] The connecting part of the present invention is configured as a cylindrical or frustum-shaped structure, and a connecting thread groove is provided on the upper end face of the connecting part.

[0012] The surface of the connecting part described in this invention is provided with a treatment layer that promotes bone integration.

[0013] The wedge portion of the plate-like structure described in this invention is designed to gradually thin out from the middle towards both sides, with the two sides of the wedge portion thinning to a blunt edge structure.

[0014] The surface of the wedge portion described in this invention does not have a treatment layer that promotes bone integration.

[0015] The lower end of the wedge-shaped part described in this invention is designed with a blade structure to facilitate the wedge-shaped part entering the dental bone.

[0016] The highest position of the side of the wedge portion of the present invention has an inwardly narrowing structure along the vertical direction to facilitate elastic rebound clamping of the bone wall after implantation.

[0017] The upper end face of the connecting part described in this invention is provided with an anti-rotation structure that cooperates with the cover screw, the healing base and the repair base.

[0018] The upper ends of the wedge-shaped plates on the left and right sides of the connecting part of the present invention are set as planar structures. The connecting parts at the planar structure positions are respectively provided with top threaded grooves, and locking bolts are installed on the top threaded grooves. The ribs are connected to the top threaded holes through the locking bolts.

[0019] The upper end of the connecting part of the present invention is integrally connected to the perforating part, and the perforating part is directly connected to the healing abutment or the repair abutment.

[0020] The present invention provides two connecting parts, which are symmetrically arranged at the upper end of the wedge-in part.

[0021] An application of an oral implant, characterized in that the oral implant is used for tooth implantation in humans or animals.

[0022] Because of the above-mentioned structure, this invention has the advantages of simple structure, high success rate, low risk, and adaptability to different alveolar bone conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the implant body structure of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the transverse locking structure of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A cross-sectional view along the AA direction.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a top view of the upper end of the wedge-shaped portion of the plate-like structure on the left and right sides of the connecting part of the present invention, which has an upper blade structure.

[0027] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 BB direction sectional view.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the wedge-shaped plate-like structure on the left and right sides of the connecting part of the present invention, where the upper end of the wedge-shaped part is a planar structure.

[0029] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 A cross-sectional view along the CC direction.

[0030] Figure 8 This is a diagram showing the connection between the implant of this invention and the cortical bone after implantation.

[0031] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the integrated dual-head variant of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the implant structure of the present invention, which is a single-piece structure. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings: As shown in the attached figure, an oral implant is characterized in that the oral implant includes an implant body 1 and a transverse locking structure 2. The implant body 1 includes a coronal connecting portion 3 and a apical wedging portion 4. The upper end of the wedging portion 4 is integrally connected to the connecting portion 3. The wedging portion 4 is a plate-like structure. The wedging portion 4 is used to wed into the alveolar ridge to achieve guided placement. The connecting portion 3 is used to connect with the superstructure. The transverse locking structure 2 includes a transverse channel 5 provided in the implant body 1. The transverse channel 5 passes through the wedging portion 4 or the junction area between the connecting portion 3 and the wedging portion 4, and is used for transverse insertion of the fixation element to achieve locking of the implant body 1 to the jawbone.

[0034] In the above-described structure, the implant body 1 includes a coronal connecting part 3 and a root wedge part 4. The wedge part 4 is a plate-like structure that is inserted into place by ultrasonic micro-impact without the need for rotational drive, so no internal drive part is required. The top end adopts a bone-level embedding design, flush with or slightly lower than the alveolar ridge. The transverse locking structure 2 passes through the transverse channel 5 and the bilateral cortical bone to form a "cortical bone-implant-cortical bone" sandwich-type rigid fixation structure, which can obtain sufficient initial stability without relying on the implantation depth.

[0035] Furthermore, the transverse locking structure 2 is a transverse cortical bone screw, and the transverse channel 5 is a transverse threaded hole. The transverse cortical bone screw passes through the transverse threaded hole and is locked to the jawbone. The self-tapping transverse cortical bone screw matches the transverse threaded hole. The screw tip is provided with a cutting edge and a self-tapping thread, so there is no need to pre-tap it. It can be directly screwed into the bilateral cortical bone.

[0036] Furthermore, the connecting part 3 is configured as a cylindrical or frustum-shaped structure, and the upper end face of the connecting part 3 is provided with a connecting thread groove 6 for connecting with the cover screw, the healing base, and the repair base.

[0037] Furthermore, the surface of the connecting part 3 is provided with a treatment layer that promotes bone integration. This treatment layer can be obtained through a surface treatment process that facilitates bone fusion, or it can be obtained through treatment methods such as acid etching or sandblasting.

[0038] Furthermore, the wedge portion 4 is designed to gradually thin out from the middle towards both sides, and the two sides of the wedge portion 4 are thinned to a blunt edge structure 7. This blunting treatment facilitates wedge insertion, reduces resistance and friction, and generates a bone cold forging effect on the alveolar bone during implantation, thereby achieving compression fit.

[0039] Furthermore, the surface of the wedge portion 4 is not provided with a treatment layer that promotes bone integration.

[0040] The surface of the aforementioned wedge-shaped portion does not have a treatment layer to promote bone integration. The design principle behind this is as follows: (1) The main function of the wedge is to wedge into place and compress and densify, rather than to provide bone integration area. The wedge enters the bone through wedge geometry and ultrasonic micro-impact, compressing the cancellous bone to form a "cold bone forging" effect, thus achieving mechanical interlocking.

[0041] (2) Rough surfaces will significantly increase the resistance to wedging. If the surface of the wedging part is roughened by sandblasting, acid etching or other methods, the friction will increase dramatically during implantation, which can easily lead to bone wall splitting under narrow bone conditions and destroy the effect of cold forging of bone.

[0042] (3) The wedge portion is short and thin, contributing very little to the osseointegration area. The length of the wedge portion in this invention only needs to accommodate the transverse cortical bone screw, without relying on length for stability. Even with osseointegration, its area ratio is much smaller than that of the connecting portion, and its contribution to overall fixation is negligible.

[0043] (4) The long-term fixation of the present invention is jointly undertaken by the bone integration of the connecting part and the transverse screw locking. The wedge-in part does not need to participate in the bone integration, and its surface only needs to meet the requirements of "facilitating wedge-in and not generating excessive friction".

[0044] Therefore, the present invention explicitly sets the surface of the wedge-in portion to be without a treatment layer that promotes osseointegration, forming a functional partition with the surface of the connecting portion: the connecting portion is responsible for providing long-term anchoring for osseointegration, and the wedge-in portion is responsible for smooth wedge-in and mechanical engagement.

[0045] Furthermore, the lower end of the wedge 4 is provided with a blade structure 9 to facilitate the wedge 4 entering the dental bone.

[0046] Furthermore, the highest position of the side of the wedge-shaped part 4 is provided with an inwardly narrowing structure 10 in the vertical direction to facilitate elastic rebound clamping of the bone wall after implantation. The upper end of the wedge-shaped plate structure 4 on both sides of the connecting part 3 is provided with a narrowing structure 10, which narrows inward to facilitate the elastic rebound clamping of the alveolar bone after the implant is wedged in, so that the width of the alveolar bone after wedge-in is controlled within 1.5mm to achieve bone self-healing.

[0047] Furthermore, the upper end face of the connecting part 3 is provided with an anti-rotation structure 11 that cooperates with the cover screw, the healing base and the repair base.

[0048] The aforementioned anti-rotation mechanism can be configured as a protruding structure on the upper surface of the connecting part 3. The parts of the cover screw, healing abutment, and repair abutment that contact the connecting part 3 are provided with groove structures corresponding to the protruding structure. The aforementioned cover screw includes an inner cover screw and an outer cover screw. The outer cover screw includes an insertion cylinder and a cover positioning part. The insertion cylinder is inserted into the implant. The lower end surface of the cover positioning part is provided with a groove. The groove structure of the cover positioning part is engaged with the protruding structure of the connecting part 3. The lower end of the inner cover screw extends out of the insertion cylinder and connects with the connecting threaded groove 6 of the connecting part 3. The inner cover screw tightly fixes the insertion cylinder to the connecting part 3. The aforementioned healing abutment and repair abutment both include an abutment outer cover and an inner abutment screw. The abutment outer cover includes an abutment insertion cylinder and an abutment positioning part. The lower end surface of the abutment positioning part is provided with a groove structure. The groove structure of the abutment positioning part is engaged with the protruding structure of the connecting part 3. The lower end of the inner abutment screw extends out of the abutment insertion cylinder and connects with the connecting threaded groove 6 of the connecting part 3. The inner abutment screw tightly fixes the abutment insertion cylinder to the connecting part 3.

[0049] The aforementioned anti-rotation mechanism is not limited to the anti-rotation of protruding structures and groove structures. Any other anti-rotation structure that can achieve the connection part 3 with the cover screw, healing base and repair base is within the scope of this patent.

[0050] Furthermore, the upper ends of the wedge-shaped structures 4 on the left and right sides of the connecting part 3 are set as planar structures 12. The connecting part 3 at the position of the planar structure 12 is provided with a top threaded groove 13. Locking bolts are installed on the top threaded groove 13. The bone strip is connected to the top threaded hole through the locking bolt. It is suitable for wide groove implantation in the maxillary sinus area. After the bone groove is wedge-in, the buccal-lingual width is greater than 1.5mm, which is used to fix the backfilled bone chips and the replanted bone cortical block.

[0051] Furthermore, the upper end of the connecting part 3 is integrally connected to the perforating part 14, which is directly connected to the healing abutment or the repair abutment. The implant is a one-piece structure, and the perforating part 14 serves as both the healing abutment and the repair abutment. There is no need to set internal threads, and the upper repair can be completed directly after implantation without the need for a second-stage surgery.

[0052] Furthermore, the connecting part 3 is provided in two parts, which are symmetrically arranged on the upper end of the wedge part 4. The two connecting parts 3 are an integral double-headed variant, which is suitable for continuous tooth loss in the mandibular anterior region and single-point implant retention restoration for edentulous jaws.

[0053] In the above scheme, the implant body 1 and the transverse cortical screw are both made of medical-grade pure titanium, medical-grade titanium alloy, medical-grade zirconium oxide, and medical-grade bioactive ceramics, which have excellent biocompatibility. The connecting part 3, located above the implant body 1, is the core of the restoration connection. It is cylindrical or frustum-shaped, with an anti-rotation structure at the top to cooperate with the healing abutment and restorative abutment, preventing circumferential rotation under occlusal forces and ensuring long-term stability of the restoration. An internal threaded groove 6 is located at the center to accommodate the cover screw, healing abutment, and restorative abutment. An ultrasonic micro-impact wedging method is used, eliminating the need for rotational drive and thus avoiding stress concentration caused by a drive structure, improving overall mechanical strength, and reducing the risk of breakage. The top of the connecting part 3 features a bone-level embedding design, flush with or slightly below the alveolar ridge after implantation, ensuring a closed healing environment for soft tissue. The one-piece implant shank can directly serve as both the healing and restorative abutment, eliminating the need for a second surgery and simplifying the clinical process.

[0054] The wedge portion 4 of the above-mentioned scheme is a flat plate-like structure, which can be designed with a gradually narrowing shape from top to bottom, breaking through the defect of the traditional implant's buccal and lingual thickness and mesiodistal width being tied together. The two can be designed independently without mutual constraints: the buccal and lingual thickness can be made thinner to adapt to narrow or extremely narrow bone with limited space, while the mesiodistal width can be made wider to increase the bone contact area and chewing capacity, taking into account both adaptability and stability. The central part of the wedge portion 4 is thick and has an arc-shaped structure. The high position of the arc-shaped structure and the edges are designed with smooth surfaces 8, and the edges are blunted to reduce implantation friction and resistance, making it easy to wedge in smoothly. During implantation, it can produce a bone cold forging effect on the alveolar bone, promoting the elastic rebound of the bone wall and achieving a close fit between the implant and the bone wall. One or more transverse threaded holes are opened in the wedge portion 4 for the insertion of self-tapping transverse cortical bone screws. In the case of wide bone, the upper end face of the wedge portion 4 on both sides of the connecting part 3 is added with downward top threaded grooves 13 for fixing bone cortical blocks and bone fragments.

[0055] The above-mentioned solution features an integrally formed wedge portion 4 and a seamlessly connected connecting portion 3, with no splicing gaps. It boasts high overall mechanical strength, smooth transmission of biting force, avoids local stress concentration, and ensures the smooth placement of the implant wedge.

[0056] The above solution, used in conjunction with an ultrasonic bone scalpel, features a self-tapping transverse cortical bone screw: precisely matched to the transverse threaded hole, with a cutting edge and self-tapping thread at the tip, eliminating the need for pre-tapping with a tap, allowing direct screwing into and penetrating both sides of the cortical bone to form a sandwich-like rigid fixation. Initial stability can be achieved without relying on the implant depth, simplifying the operation and shortening the surgical time. The dedicated ultrasonic bone scalpel is characterized by being minimally invasive, precise, and free from thermal damage. It can prepare narrow or wide grooves according to bone volume conditions, and simultaneously open guide holes to ensure accurate implant placement and stress dispersion.

[0057] The above-mentioned approach overcomes the limitations of traditional implants that rely on implantation depth for stability. It utilizes self-tapping transverse cortical bone screws to form a "cortical bone-implant-cortical bone" sandwich-like rigid fixation, achieving sufficient initial stability without relying on implant length, making it suitable for cases with short bones. For narrow and extremely narrow bones, with a buccal-lingual width ≤1.5mm after wedging, the bone tissue can heal spontaneously without bone grafting. For wide bones in the maxillary sinus region, with a bone groove width >1.5mm, bone fragments need to be backfilled and cortical bone blocks re-grafted, with bone healing achieved through fixation using specialized screws. A one-piece dual-headed variant is also available, suitable for continuous dentition defects in the mandibular anterior region and single-point implant retention restorations for edentulous jaws. The procedure employs horizontal bone-embedded implantation, which is minimally invasive, requires no additional bone grafting (for narrow bone cases), has broad indications, and offers strong stability.

[0058] During implementation, a special ultrasonic bone scalpel is used to prepare bone grooves in a minimally invasive manner. Narrow grooves are prepared for narrow bone scenarios and wide grooves are prepared for wide bone scenarios. A circular hole is prepared in the center of the groove, which serves as both a guide for the placement of the connecting part 3 and a stress dispersion function.

[0059] The core planting theory of this invention: 1. Osseointegration Theory (Basic) This invention strictly follows the theory of osseointegration: the implant uses biocompatible materials such as titanium alloy and zirconium oxide, and the surface is bio-activated to facilitate the adhesion, proliferation and mineralization of osteoblasts; the bone wall is squeezed by the cold forging effect of bone to achieve direct and close contact between the implant and bone tissue without fibrous connective tissue intersperses, forming a long-term stable osseointegration.

[0060] 2. Initial Stability Theory (Core Breakthrough) Completely breaks free from the limitations of traditional implants that rely on length and depth for fixation: Relying on self-tapping transverse cortical bone screws to achieve a sandwich-locking of cortical bone-implant-cortical bone, forming rigid initial stability; In scenarios with short bones or insufficient height near the mandibular canal, reliable fixation can be obtained without increasing the length of the implant, with no micromovement during the osseointegration period, ensuring smooth completion of osseointegration.

[0061] 3. Minimally invasive theory (surgical principles) The entire process follows the principle of minimally invasive implantation: a special ultrasonic bone scalpel is used to prepare the bone groove in a minimally invasive manner, preserving bone tissue to the maximum extent; the ultrasonic micro-impact is used to achieve gentle and gradual wedging, forming controllable compression and cold forging of the bone wall, promoting bone tissue densification; the risk of bone fracture caused by traditional percussion implantation is avoided, and there is no need for traumatic operations such as bone splitting and external bone grafting, and no need for pre-tapping, resulting in less trauma, faster healing and a simpler process.

[0062] 4. The theory of no bone grafting / minimum bone grafting (clinical advantages) For narrow / very narrow bones: relying on the gradually narrowing structure of the blade and the rebound effect of cold forging of bone, bone tissue can be crawled to heal with a width of ≤1.5mm in the buccal and lingual direction after the bone groove is wedged in, without the need for bone grafting at all; For wide bones: only autologous bone fragments and re-grafted bone cortical blocks are needed, without the need to purchase external bone powder, which greatly reduces treatment costs and infection risks and shortens the treatment course.

[0063] 5. Biomechanics and stress dispersion theory (structural advantage) Geometric decoupling design: The wedge-shaped section 4 of the plate allows for independent design of thickness and width, overcoming the shortcomings of traditional circular implants with diameter-bound dimensions; No internal drive section design: Eliminates stress concentration in the drive structure, improves overall strength, and reduces the risk of breakage; Smooth arc-shaped scimitar ridge and blunt edge structure 7: Smooth implantation, uniform stress transmission, reduced bone resorption, and improved long-term success rate; Self-tapping screw sandwich locking structure: The biting force is borne by both sides of the cortical bone, with reasonable stress distribution and significantly improved stability.

[0064] The above-mentioned scheme features dual guidance and stress dispersion: In this invention, a transverse bone groove (penetrating the cortical bone) is first prepared at the alveolar ridge crest before implantation. Then, a longitudinal guide hole is prepared vertically in the central region of this transverse bone groove. During implantation, the wedge-shaped portion first enters the cancellous bone and descends along the bilateral cortical-cancellous bone interface, achieving wedge-shaped portion guidance; subsequently, the connecting portion enters the guide hole and forms a guiding fit with the hole wall, achieving connecting portion guidance, forming a dual guidance mechanism of "wedge-shaped portion guidance + connecting portion guidance," ensuring that the implant body is vertically positioned along the predetermined direction. At the same time, this longitudinal guide hole can disperse the stress generated during implantation from the alveolar ridge crest to the underlying bone tissue, reducing the risk of bone fracture.

[0065] The implantation process for the above-mentioned method is as follows: Pre-implantation bone bed preparation: A transverse bone groove is prepared at the alveolar ridge crest using an ultrasonic bone scalpel, penetrating the cortical bone. Then, a longitudinal guide hole is prepared vertically in the central region of this transverse bone groove. The diameter of the guide hole matches the outer diameter of the connector 3, and the depth is equivalent to the length of the connector 3. This guide hole serves both as a guide for the connector 3 in place and as a stress dispersion tool, dispersing the implantation stress from the alveolar ridge crest to the underlying bone tissue. If necessary, a guide rod can be inserted to verify the position.

[0066] Implantation process: Align the wedge part 4 of the implant with the transverse bone groove and wedge it in first using ultrasonic micro-impact, so that the wedge part 4 descends along the bilateral cortical-cancellous bone interface (wedge part guidance); then the connecting part 3 enters the longitudinal guide hole and forms a guiding fit with the hole wall (connecting part guidance), ensuring that the implant body 1 is vertically positioned in the predetermined direction.

[0067] Lateral locking: After the wedge is in place, a self-tapping lateral cortical bone screw 2 is inserted through the lateral channel 5 (lateral threaded hole) on the wedge part 4. The screw penetrates the bilateral cortical bone, forming a sandwich-like locking. The tip of the protruding part of the screw is cut off to complete the fixation.

[0068] The core technical advantages of the present invention are: 1. Wide range of application scenarios: It is suitable for narrow alveolar ridges, extremely narrow alveolar ridges, low alveolar ridges with insufficient bone height, and wide bone scenarios in the maxillary sinus region, breaking through the limitations of traditional implant indications.

[0069] 2. Initial stability and reliability: The self-tapping transverse cortical bone screw sandwich-style locking structure does not depend on the length and depth of the implant, and can still achieve high-strength initial stability in short and narrow bone scenarios.

[0070] 3. Minimally invasive without bone grafting: No bone grafting, bone splitting, or pre-tapping is required in narrow bone scenarios, resulting in less surgical trauma, shorter treatment time, and lower cost.

[0071] 4. Excellent mechanical properties: One-piece molding eliminates stress concentration, the smooth and blunt blade structure allows for easy insertion, resists bending and fatigue, and ensures long-term stability.

[0072] 5. Simple clinical operation: Ultrasonic micro-impact wedge insertion, self-tapping screw in one step, with dedicated instruments, simplified process, easy to standardize operation.

[0073] 6. Stable and reliable repair: The anti-rotation structure of the sword hilt is precisely matched with the base, and the repaired body does not rotate or loosen, ensuring strong stability for long-term use.

[0074] 7. High surgical safety: For high-risk areas such as the mandibular canal and maxillary sinus region adjacent to the mandibular posterior teeth, safe and stable implantation can be achieved under short implant conditions, reducing the risk of nerve damage and sinus membrane perforation.

[0075] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. Mesial and distal widths are freed from diameter limitations: Through the plate-shaped wedge-shaped insertion part 4, the design shackles of "diameter determines everything" are completely broken, and the buccal and lingual thickness and mesial and distal widths can be designed independently. The two-dimensional degree of freedom is far higher than that of traditional one-dimensional screw-in implants, and it can simultaneously adapt to bone anatomy conditions and repair needs.

[0076] 2. Transverse Locking Structure 2 Sandwich Locking – Completely Solving the Stability Problem of Short Implants: The transverse locking structure 2 forms a sandwich locking structure of cortical bone-implant-cortical bone. Initial stability does not depend on implant length. Even under extreme conditions of limited bone height, it can still provide strong retention and resistance to micromovement, achieving separation of mechanical retention and osseointegration function. The surface can be completely focused on osseointegration optimization.

[0077] 3. Bone bed preparation tolerance – significantly reduced surgical difficulty: Through the synergistic mechanism of “blunt blade self-adaptation + ultrasonic micro-impact + lateral locking structure 2 independent fixation”, the bone groove and implant do not need to be precisely matched, allowing for a certain dimensional deviation, which greatly reduces the requirements for the surgeon’s operation precision, shortens the learning curve, and facilitates the promotion of the technology.

[0078] 4. Synergistic advantages of using ultrasonic bone scalpel: The selective cutting characteristic of ultrasonic bone scalpel, which "cuts hard but not soft," significantly improves the surgical safety of this invention in high-risk areas such as the maxillary sinus floor, inferior alveolar nerve, and adjacent tooth roots. Simultaneously, it can prepare bone grooves of any shape, achieving minimally invasive, precise, and highly adaptable surgical results.

[0079] 5. Summary of comparison with existing technologies: Compared with traditional cylindrical / conical screw-in implants, this invention has achieved fundamental breakthroughs in design freedom, minimum adaptable bone thickness and height, bone integration area, initial stability, clinical flexibility, and minimal invasiveness. It is especially suitable for complex cases that are difficult to handle with traditional implants, such as extremely narrow alveolar ridges, extremely low bone height, and multiple consecutive missing teeth.

[0080] 6. Due to the above-mentioned structure, the present invention has the advantages of simple structure, high success rate, low risk, and adaptability to different alveolar bone conditions.

[0081] 7. Significantly expanded indications: It can simultaneously solve complex cases that are difficult to handle with traditional implants, such as narrow bones, extremely narrow bones, short bones, and wide bones in the maxillary sinus region.

[0082] 8. Revolutionary improvement in initial stability: The self-tapping screw sandwich locking structure does not depend on the length and depth of the implant, and can still achieve high strength and stability in short and narrow bones.

[0083] 9. Truly minimally invasive and bone graft-free: Narrow bone cases do not require bone splitting, external bone powder purchase, or pre-tapping, resulting in less surgical trauma, less patient pain, and lower treatment costs.

[0084] 10. Scientific and reasonable mechanical design: flat sword-shaped geometric decoupling, smooth blunt edge wedging, no internal driving part and no stress concentration, resistant to bending and fatigue, and high long-term success rate.

[0085] 11. Simplified clinical procedures: Ultrasonic micro-impact positioning, one-step fixation with self-tapping screws, and dedicated instruments make the operation simple and easy to promote and popularize.

[0086] 12. Long-term stability of the repair: The anti-rotation structure of the hilt effectively prevents the repair from rotating and loosening, and the upper repair is precisely matched, resulting in a long service life.

[0087] 13. High surgical safety: For high-risk areas such as the mandibular canal and maxillary sinus region adjacent to the mandibular posterior teeth, safe and stable implantation can be achieved under short implant conditions, reducing the risk of nerve damage and sinus membrane perforation. The above solutions are designed for different clinical scenarios. This invention designs two structural variants and also provides a special variant with an integrated double head. 1. Narrow bone-specific variant: The upper ends of the wedges 4 on both sides of the connecting part 3 are narrowed inward to adapt to narrow alveolar ridges and extremely narrow alveolar ridges. After wedge insertion, the bone wall can elastically rebound and hold the bone. The width of the bone groove is ≤1.5mm, and the bone tissue can heal itself. 2. Variant for wide maxillary sinus bones: The upper ends of the wedge-shaped plate structures 4 on both sides of the connecting part 3 are set as planar structures 12. The connecting part 3 at the position of the planar structure 12 is provided with a top threaded groove 13. Locking bolts are installed on the top threaded groove 13. The upper part is straight and does not narrow inward. It is suitable for wide bone scenarios in the maxillary sinus region. The width of the bone groove is >1.5mm. It is necessary to backfill bone chips and fix the bone cortex or bone strips to achieve bone healing. 3. Integrated double-headed variant: There are two connecting parts 3, which are symmetrically arranged on the upper end of the wedge part 4. The two connecting parts 3 are integrated double-headed variants, which are suitable for continuous tooth loss in the mandibular anterior region and single-point implant support and retention restoration in edentulous areas.

[0088] Example 1: Implantation procedures for narrow and extremely narrow bones (including one-piece implants) For cases where traditional columnar implants cannot be directly inserted into narrow or extremely narrow alveolar ridges, this invention utilizes a narrow-bone-specific integrated implant and its supporting system for bone-level submersion. 1. Preoperative CBCT is used to accurately measure the width and height of the alveolar ridge and adjacent anatomical structures to plan the implant site and specifications, ensuring that the distance between the implant and the natural tooth root is ≥1.5mm and the buccal-lingual width after the alveolar bone is wedged in is ≤1.5mm.

[0089] 2. After local anesthesia, a minimally invasive flap is raised to expose the alveolar ridge crest. A narrow groove is precisely prepared using a special ultrasonic bone scalpel, and a guide hole is prepared in the center of the narrow groove.

[0090] 3. Place the implant into the narrow groove and slowly wed it in along the guide structure using an ultrasonic bone scalpel for micro-impact. The surface of the wedged part 4 does not have a treatment layer to promote bone integration; its blunt edge and low roughness characteristics reduce resistance and create a bone cold forging effect on the bone wall, allowing the bone wall to elastically rebound and hold the implant.

[0091] 4. Screw the self-tapping transverse cortical bone screw into the transverse threaded hole. No pre-tapping is required. Directly penetrate both sides of the cortical bone to form a sandwich-like fixation. Cut off the protruding part of the screw.

[0092] 5. The transgingival portion 14 of the one-piece implant is directly connected to the connecting portion 3 as an abutment, and soft tissue suturing is completed; the two-piece implant is sutured after the cover screw is installed, and secondary repair is performed after osseointegration is completed.

[0093] This embodiment requires no bone grafting or pre-tapping, and achieves dual stability by relying on bone cold forging rebound and self-tapping screw sandwich locking, making it suitable for difficult cases of narrow and extremely narrow bones.

[0094] Example 2: Implantation procedure in a wide bone setting in the maxillary sinus region For cases with sufficient alveolar ridge width but insufficient bone height in the maxillary sinus region, the wide-bone-fitting implant of this invention is used: 1. Preoperative CBCT is used to plan the implantation site, ensuring the bone groove width is >1.5mm and avoiding the maxillary sinus floor.

[0095] 2. After minimally invasive flap flap creation, a wide bone groove is prepared using an ultrasonic bone scalpel, and autologous bone fragments are collected simultaneously while the cortical bone block is completely dissected.

[0096] 3. Wed the implant into the wide groove, backfill the gap with autologous bone chips, and replant the cortical bone block on top of the implant.

[0097] 4. Fix the cortical bone block by using the top threaded groove 13 on the upper end face of the wedge-shaped part 4 on both sides of the connecting part 3, and screw in the self-tapping transverse cortical bone screw. No pre-tapping is required to complete the sandwich fixation.

[0098] 5. Tension-free suture of soft tissue, routine postoperative anti-inflammatory treatment, and upper part repair after bone integration.

[0099] This embodiment utilizes only autologous bone tissue, eliminating the need to purchase external bone materials, resulting in high-quality bone healing and a short treatment course.

[0100] Example 3: Implant procedure for insufficient bone height in the mandibular posterior region (adjacent to the mandibular canal) For cases where there is insufficient bone height in the mandibular posterior region and proximity to the mandibular canal, traditional long implants pose a risk of nerve injury: 1. Preoperative CBCT accurately measures the remaining bone height, marks the position of the mandibular canal, and designs a short implant.

[0101] 2. Minimally invasive flap flap preparation, using an ultrasonic bone scalpel to create a bone groove and guide hole suitable for the short implant.

[0102] 3. Slowly wedge the short implant into place, strictly controlling the depth to avoid the mandibular canal.

[0103] 4. Insert self-tapping transverse cortical bone screws without pre-tapping to achieve bilateral cortical bone locking and obtain sufficient initial stability.

[0104] 5. The soft tissue is carefully sutured, and the repair is completed after osseointegration.

[0105] This embodiment achieves reliable fixation and repair without increasing the implant length or damaging the mandibular canal, significantly reducing surgical risks.

[0106] Example 4: Application of Personalized Implant Restoration in Pet Oral Cavity The structure of this invention is particularly well-suited to the oral anatomy of pets such as dogs and cats: the natural tooth roots of pets are mostly single, flat, and narrow in the buccal and lingual direction, which is highly consistent with the design concept of the flat sword-shaped implant, wedge-shaped placement, and bone cold forging clamping described in this invention.

[0107] For pets requiring immediate implantation after extraction, 3D printing can be used for personalized customization, ensuring the implant shape closely matches the extraction socket. Self-tapping transverse cortical bone screws form a sandwich-like fixation, achieving reliable initial stability without bone grafting, making it particularly suitable for pets with narrow and weak alveolar ridges.

Claims

1. An oral implant, characterized in that The dental implant includes an implant body and a transverse locking structure. The implant body includes a coronal connector and a apical wedging portion. The upper end of the wedging portion is integrally connected to the connector. The wedging portion is a plate-like structure used to wed into the alveolar ridge for guided placement. The connector is used to connect with the superstructure. The transverse locking structure includes a transverse channel located in the implant body. The transverse channel passes through the wedging portion or the junction area between the connector and the wedging portion, allowing the fixation element to pass through laterally to achieve locking between the implant body and the jawbone.

2. The dental implant according to claim 1, characterized in that... The transverse locking structure is a transverse cortical bone screw, and the transverse channel is a transverse threaded hole through which the transverse cortical bone screw is locked to the jawbone.

3. A dental implant according to claim 1, characterized in that... The connecting part is designed as a cylindrical or frustum-shaped structure, and a connecting thread groove is provided on the upper end face of the connecting part.

4. A dental implant according to claim 1, characterized in that... The surface of the connecting part is provided with a treatment layer that promotes bone integration.

5. A dental implant according to claim 1, characterized in that... The wedge portion is designed to gradually thin out from the middle towards both sides, with the two sides of the wedge portion thinning to a blunt edge structure.

6. A dental implant according to claim 1, characterized in that... The surface of the plate wedge is not provided with a treatment layer to promote bone integration.

7. A dental implant according to claim 1, characterized in that... The lower end of the wedge is designed with a blade structure to facilitate the wedge's entry into the dental bone.

8. A dental implant according to claim 1, characterized in that... The highest position of the side of the wedge-shaped part has an inwardly narrowing structure along the vertical direction.

9. A dental implant according to claim 1, characterized in that... The upper end face of the connecting part is provided with an anti-rotation structure that cooperates with the cover screw, the healing base and the repair base.

10. A dental implant according to claim 1, characterized in that... The upper ends of the wedge-shaped plate structures on the left and right sides of the connecting part are set as planar structures. The connecting parts at the planar structure positions are respectively provided with top threaded grooves. Locking bolts are installed on the top threaded grooves, and the ribs are connected to the top threaded holes through the locking bolts.

11. A dental implant according to claim 1, characterized in that... The upper end of the connecting part is integrally connected to the perforating part, which is directly connected to the healing abutment or repair abutment.

12. A dental implant according to claim 1, characterized in that... The aforementioned connecting part is provided in two parts, which are symmetrically arranged at the upper end of the wedge-in part.

13. An application of a dental implant according to claims 1-12, characterized in that... This dental implant is used for dental implantation in humans or animals.

Images