An automatic liquid changing device for peritoneal dialysis

Abstract

The application discloses an automatic liquid changing device for peritoneal dialysis, which comprises a dialysate storage assembly, a peritoneal dialysis pipeline and a waste liquid collecting assembly arranged in sequence from top to bottom, and a reversing device. The reversing device has a dialysis injection station, a static dialysis station and a waste liquid collecting station, and can automatically and repeatedly switch the three stations in sequence. When in the dialysis injection station, only the dialysate storage assembly is communicated with the peritoneal dialysis pipeline; when in the static dialysis station, the three are completely disconnected; and when in the waste liquid collecting station, only the waste liquid collecting assembly is communicated with the peritoneal dialysis pipeline. The application uses gravity as the only driving force for liquid flow, and realizes the automation of the whole process of peritoneal dialysis perfusion, abdominal retention and drainage through the automatic cyclic switching of the reversing device. The application has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, convenient operation, safety and reliability, and is especially suitable for reducing the working intensity of medical staff and patients.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention specifically relates to an automatic fluid exchange device for peritoneal dialysis. Background Technology

[0002] Peritoneal dialysis is a crucial treatment for end-stage renal disease. Its core principle involves using the body's own peritoneum as a semipermeable membrane to inject dialysate into the peritoneal cavity. Utilizing the concentration difference across the peritoneum, metabolic waste and excess water are exchanged with nutrients in the dialysate, thus purifying the blood. Currently, peritoneal dialysis is mainly divided into two methods: manual and automated fluid exchange.

[0003] Manual fluid replacement requires patients or caregivers to manually connect the dialysis bag, open and close the valve, and drain the waste fluid. This process is cumbersome, labor-intensive, and prone to contamination due to improper operation (such as incorrect timing of valve opening and closing or loose tubing connections). In addition, the fluid replacement speed is difficult to control; too fast or too slow will affect the dialysis effect and may even cause discomfort such as abdominal pain and bloating.

[0004] Existing automated fluid exchange devices mostly rely on electronic control systems, sensors, electric valves, and other electronic and electrical components, as well as related communication modules, to achieve automated control of the fluid exchange process. However, they have the following drawbacks: First, they are complex in structure, have high manufacturing costs, and are difficult to maintain, making them unsuitable for widespread use by patients at home. Second, they depend on power supply and cannot function properly in power outages or situations without power, posing a risk of interrupted fluid exchange. Third, existing non-electronic automated fluid exchange devices (such as simple gravity fluid exchange devices) can only achieve liquid flow in one direction and cannot achieve a complete automated cycle of "injecting dialysis fluid - allowing dialysis to stand - discharging waste fluid." The fluid exchange process still requires manual intervention to switch tubing, lacking innovation and failing to address the core pain points of manual fluid exchange.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an automatic fluid exchange device that does not involve communication, automation, electronics and electrical fields, has a simple structure, low cost, requires no power supply, and can achieve a complete fluid exchange cycle, so as to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, meet the needs of home peritoneal dialysis patients, and at the same time have a high degree of innovation. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an automatic fluid exchange device for peritoneal dialysis, which can not only automate the fluid exchange process, but also has a simple structure, low cost and reliable operation, so as to reduce the burden on patients and improve the safety and convenience of treatment.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides an automated fluid exchange device for peritoneal dialysis, comprising: It includes a dialysate storage component, a waste fluid collection component, a peritoneal dialysis tubing, and a switching device. The dialysate storage component, the outlet end of the peritoneal dialysis tubing, and the waste fluid collection component are arranged sequentially from top to bottom in space. The dialysate storage assembly and the waste fluid collection assembly are connected to the peritoneal dialysis tubing via the switching device. The switching device has a dialysis injection station, a waste fluid collection station, and a static dialysis station. When the reversing device is in the dialysis injection position, only the peritoneal dialysis tubing is connected to the dialysate storage component, and the dialysate enters the human peritoneal cavity. When the reversing device is in the static dialysis station, the dialysate storage component, the waste fluid collection component and the peritoneal dialysis tubing are completely disconnected. When the reversing device is in the waste fluid collection position, only the peritoneal dialysis tubing is connected to the waste fluid collection assembly, and peritoneal waste fluid enters the waste fluid collection assembly. The reversing device enables the dialysis injection station, the static dialysis station, and the waste liquid collection station to be automatically and repeatedly performed in sequence, thereby realizing automatic fluid exchange dialysis.

[0008] Furthermore, the reversing device includes a rotary disk, a rotational power source, and a lower hollow valve housing and an upper hollow valve housing that are arranged opposite to each other and fixed. The peritoneal dialysis tubing is connected to the bottom of the lower hollow valve shell. The dialysate storage assembly is connected to the top of the upper hollow valve shell via a first connecting pipe, and the waste fluid collection assembly is connected to the top of the upper hollow valve shell via a second connecting pipe. The first connecting pipe and the second connecting pipe are arranged opposite each other. The rotating disk is rotatably disposed between the lower hollow valve shell and the upper hollow valve shell, and is sealed and tightly attached to the lower end faces of the first connecting pipe and the second connecting pipe. The rotational power source is connected to the rotating disk to drive the rotating disk to rotate. The first connecting pipe and the second connecting pipe are located on the same circumference. The rotating disk has an arc-shaped groove that runs vertically through it along the circumference. The arc-shaped groove is concentric with the rotating disk. During the rotation of the rotating disk, the arc-shaped groove can move sequentially to the bottom of the first connecting pipe and the second connecting pipe to align with their lower openings. The central angle of the arc-shaped groove is smaller than the central angle of the first connecting pipe and the second connecting pipe in the circumferential direction, so that the arc-shaped groove cannot be connected to the first connecting pipe and the second connecting pipe simultaneously during the rotation of the rotating disk.

[0009] Furthermore, a length adjustment structure is provided inside the arc-shaped groove, which is used to adjust the circumferential arc length of the arc-shaped groove.

[0010] Furthermore, the rotating disk has a through notch extending vertically. The length adjustment structure includes multiple sliders and screws. The multiple sliders are sequentially connected within the notch, and the sliders can move radially along the rotating disk. The inner sidewalls of the multiple sliders and the sidewalls of the notch form the arc-shaped groove. The multiple screws are spaced apart circumferentially along the rotating disk and extend radially along the rotating disk. The screws are rotatably connected to the rotating disk, and each screw corresponds to a slider and is threadedly connected. Rotating the screws can drive the sliders to move radially along the rotating disk.

[0011] Furthermore, the upper hollow valve shell is transparent.

[0012] Furthermore, the waste liquid collection assembly includes a temporary storage tank, the inlet of which is connected to the second connecting pipe via a flexible hose.

[0013] Furthermore, the bottom of the temporary storage box is equipped with an automatic drain valve, which includes a valve body, an electromagnet assembly, a permanent magnetic component, a float plate, and a return spring. The valve body is movable up and down at the bottom drain port of the temporary storage box. The return spring is connected between the valve body and the bottom plate of the temporary storage box. The bottom end of the valve body can be inserted into the bottom drain port of the temporary storage box for sealing. The electromagnet assembly is embedded in the valve body. The switch of the electromagnet assembly is a pressure switch, which is fixed to the top of the temporary storage box. The float plate is located directly above the valve body. The permanent magnetic component is embedded in the float plate. The magnetism of the permanent magnetic component is the same as the magnetism generated when the electromagnet assembly is energized, and the magnetic force between the permanent magnetic component and the electromagnet assembly is greater than the tension of the return spring. When the float plate rises to the top, it can press the switch to energize the electromagnet assembly instantaneously.

[0014] Furthermore, a drain pipe is connected below the drain port of the automatic drain valve, and a one-way valve is connected in series on the drain pipe to prevent the discharged waste liquid from flowing back into the temporary storage tank.

[0015] Furthermore, a counter is installed on the outside of the temporary storage box. When the float moves to the top, it can connect with the counter to generate a recording action.

[0016] Furthermore, the counter includes a push rod, a one-way actuating rack, a counting disk, and a gear. The push rod is movable up and down and is inserted into the top of the temporary storage box. When the float moves to the highest position, the float can push the push rod to move vertically upward. The one-way actuating rack is vertically fixed on the push rod. The counting disk is rotatably mounted on the top of the temporary storage box. The counting disk is circumferentially spaced with decimal numbers. The gear is sleeved and fixed on the counting disk and can mesh with the teeth of the one-way actuating rack. Each time the push rod rises, the one-way actuating rack can drive the gear to rotate once, thereby driving the counting disk to rotate to the next decimal number position.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are: The above-mentioned automated fluid exchange device for peritoneal dialysis has at least the following advantages: 1. By setting up a switching device with three independent stations for dialysis infusion, static dialysis, and waste fluid collection, and enabling it to switch automatically, sequentially, and repeatedly, patients only need to start the device once before treatment to automatically complete multiple dialysis cycles. There is no need for manual operation during each infusion, abdominal retention, and drainage stage. It is especially suitable for long-term dialysis at night, significantly reducing the burden on patients and medical staff and greatly improving treatment compliance.

[0018] 2. The entire device relies solely on the sequential arrangement of the "dialysis fluid storage component, peritoneal dialysis tubing, and waste fluid collection component" from top to bottom in space, using gravity as the sole driving force for fluid flow. It eliminates the need for electric pumps, sensors, or complex electronic control units, resulting in an extremely streamlined structure that significantly reduces manufacturing costs and makes it easier to use in a home environment. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the specific embodiments will be briefly described below. In all the drawings, the elements or parts are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an automatic fluid exchange device for peritoneal dialysis provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 The diagram shows a length adjustment structure installed in an arc-shaped groove within a notch in an automated fluid exchange device for peritoneal dialysis. Figure 3 for Figure 1 The diagram shows a length adjustment structure for adjusting the length of the arc-shaped groove in an automated fluid exchange device for peritoneal dialysis. Figure 4 for Figure 1The diagram shown illustrates the length adjustment mechanism of an automated fluid exchange device for peritoneal dialysis, with the arc-shaped groove completely closed. Figure 5 for Figure 1 The diagram shown is a schematic of the reversing device in the dialysis infusion position in an automated fluid exchange device for peritoneal dialysis. Figure 6 for Figure 1 The diagram shown is a schematic of the reversing device in the static dialysis position of an automated fluid exchange device for peritoneal dialysis. Figure 7 for Figure 1 The diagram shown is a schematic of the switching device in the waste collection position of an automated fluid exchange device for peritoneal dialysis. Figure 8 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the automatic drain valve and counter in an automated fluid exchange device for peritoneal dialysis. Figure 9 for Figure 1 The diagram shown illustrates the automatic fluid exchange valve in an automated fluid exchange device for peritoneal dialysis, used for automatic fluid exchange. Figure label: 100. Dialysis fluid storage assembly; 110. First connecting tube; 200. Waste fluid collection assembly; 300. Peritoneal dialysis tubing; 310. First connecting tube; 400. Reversing device; 410. Rotating disk; 411. Notch; 412. Arc groove; 420. Rotation power source; 430. Lower hollow valve housing; 440. Upper hollow valve housing; 450. Length adjustment structure; 451. Slider; 452. Screw; 500. Automatic drain valve; 510. Valve body; 520. Electromagnet assembly; 530. Permanent magnetic component; 540. Float; 550. Return spring; 560. Switch; 600. Counter; 610. Push rod; 620. One-way actuating rack; 630. Counting disk; 640. Gear. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be practiced in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of the invention; therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0022] Please see Figures 1 to 9This invention provides an automatic fluid exchange device for peritoneal dialysis, comprising a dialysate storage component 100, a waste fluid collection component 200, a peritoneal dialysis tubing 300, and a reversing device 400. The dialysate storage component 100, the outlet end of the peritoneal dialysis tubing 300 (i.e., the patient's abdomen), and the waste fluid collection component 200 are arranged sequentially from top to bottom in spatial position, i.e., the dialysate storage component 100 is located at the highest point, the outlet end of the peritoneal dialysis tubing 300 is located at the middle height, and the waste fluid collection component 200 is located at the lowest point, forming a height difference among the three.

[0023] Both the dialysate storage assembly 100 and the waste fluid collection assembly 200 are connected to the peritoneal dialysis tubing 300 via a switching device 400. The switching device 400 has three working positions: a dialysis injection position, a waste fluid collection position, and a static dialysis position, and these positions can be operated sequentially and repeatedly.

[0024] Please see Figure 5 When the reversing device 400 is in the dialysis infusion position, only the peritoneal dialysis tubing 300 is connected to the dialysate storage component 100, while it is completely disconnected from the waste fluid collection component 200. At this time, the fresh dialysate in the dialysate storage component 100 automatically flows into the peritoneal dialysis tubing 300 under the action of gravity, and then enters the patient's peritoneal cavity to complete the dialysate infusion.

[0025] Please see Figure 6 When the switching device 400 is in the static dialysis position, the dialysate storage component 100, the waste fluid collection component 200, and the peritoneal dialysis tubing 300 are completely disconnected and not connected to each other. At this time, the dialysate remains in the patient's abdominal cavity for sufficient solute exchange, which is the core stage in which peritoneal dialysis exerts its therapeutic effect.

[0026] Please see Figure 7 When the reversing device 400 is in the waste fluid collection position, only the peritoneal dialysis tubing 300 is connected to the waste fluid collection assembly 200, while it is completely disconnected from the dialysate storage assembly 100. At this time, the waste fluid remaining in the patient's abdominal cavity flows out from the peritoneal dialysis tubing 300 under the action of gravity and enters the waste fluid collection assembly 200, completing the waste fluid drainage.

[0027] The switching device 400 enables automatic, sequential, and repetitive switching between the dialysis infusion station, the static dialysis station, and the waste fluid collection station. Specifically, the switching device 400 automatically switches in a cyclical sequence of "dialysis station → static dialysis station → waste fluid collection station → dialysis station → ......", automatically moving to the next station after a preset time, thus achieving a fully automatic, cyclical fluid exchange dialysis process without manual intervention.

[0028] In use, the reversing device 400 first switches to the dialysis infusion position, infusing fresh dialysate into the patient's peritoneal cavity. After reaching the preset infusion volume or time, the reversing device 400 automatically switches to the static dialysis position, where the dialysate remains in the peritoneal cavity for a period of time for solute exchange. After the static dialysis is completed, the reversing device 400 automatically switches to the waste fluid collection position, draining the waste fluid to the waste fluid collection assembly 200. After the waste fluid drainage is completed, the reversing device 400 automatically switches back to the dialysis position to begin the next dialysis cycle. This process repeats continuously, achieving fully automated peritoneal dialysis treatment.

[0029] The aforementioned automated fluid exchange device for peritoneal dialysis, with its three independent stations and automatic sequential switching, utilizes gravity as the sole driving force to safely, orderly, and fully automatically complete the three core steps of peritoneal dialysis: perfusion, retention, and drainage. The switching device 400 ensures complete isolation between stations, preventing cross-contamination between dialysate and waste fluid. More importantly, the automatic sequential repeat function allows the device to run multiple cycles automatically according to a preset dialysis protocol, eliminating the need for manual operation by the patient at each cycle. This significantly reduces the burden on patients and medical staff, making it particularly suitable for nighttime dialysis or patients requiring prolonged continuous treatment, thus significantly improving treatment convenience and compliance.

[0030] In this embodiment, the reversing device 400 includes a rotating disk 410, a rotational power source 420, and a lower hollow valve housing 430 and an upper hollow valve housing 440 that are arranged and fixed opposite to each other. Both the lower hollow valve housing 430 and the upper hollow valve housing 440 are hollow structures, and the two are joined together to form a closed chamber.

[0031] The peritoneal dialysis tubing 300 is connected to the bottom of the lower hollow valve housing 430. The dialysate storage assembly 100 is connected to the top of the upper hollow valve housing 440 through the first connecting pipe 110, and the waste fluid collection assembly 200 is connected to the top of the upper hollow valve housing 440 through the second connecting pipe 310, with the first connecting pipe 110 and the second connecting pipe 310 arranged opposite each other.

[0032] A rotating disk 410 is rotatably disposed between the lower hollow valve housing 430 and the upper hollow valve housing 440, and is sealed to both. The upper surface of the rotating disk 410 is in close contact with the lower end faces of the first connecting pipe 110 and the second connecting pipe 310, and the lower surface of the rotating disk 410 is also rotatable and sealed to the lower hollow valve housing 430. A rotary power source 420 is connected to the rotating disk 410 and is used to drive the rotating disk 410 to rotate. This rotary power source 420 can be a rotary motor, a spring-driven timer, etc., to achieve automatic step-by-step rotation.

[0033] The first connecting pipe 110 and the second connecting pipe 310 are located on the same circumference. A vertically extending arc-shaped groove 412 is formed on the rotating disk 410 along its circumference, and this groove 412 is concentrically positioned with the rotating disk 410. During the rotation of the rotating disk 410, the arc-shaped groove 412 can sequentially move below the first connecting pipe 110 and the second connecting pipe 310, thereby aligning its lower opening with the arc-shaped groove 412. Specifically, the central angle of the arc-shaped groove 412 is smaller than the circumferential central angle of the first connecting pipe 110 and the second connecting pipe 310. That is, the arc length of the arc-shaped groove 412 in the circumferential direction is smaller than the arc length distance between the first connecting pipe 110 and the second connecting pipe 310.

[0034] Its working principle is as follows: When dialysate needs to be infused, the rotary power source 420 drives the rotary disk 410 to rotate at an angle, causing the arc-shaped groove 412 to move directly below the first connecting pipe 110. The lower opening of the first connecting pipe 110 is connected to the inner cavity of the lower hollow valve shell 430 through the arc-shaped groove 412, and then connected to the peritoneal dialysis tubing 300. At this time, it is the dialysis injection station. The dialysate in the dialysate storage component 100 enters the peritoneal dialysis tubing 300 sequentially through the first connecting pipe 110, the arc-shaped groove 412, and the lower hollow valve shell 430. Since the central angle of the arc-shaped groove 412 is smaller than the distance between the first and second connecting pipes 310, the arc-shaped groove 412 will not be connected to the second connecting pipe 310 at the same time, ensuring that the waste liquid collection component 200 is in the disconnected state.

[0035] During the injection of dialysis fluid, the rotary power source 420 continues to drive the rotary disk 410 to rotate. When the arc-shaped groove 412 moves away from below the first connecting pipe 110 and moves to between the first connecting pipe 110 and the second connecting pipe 310, the first connecting pipe 110 and the second connecting pipe 310 are not connected. At this time, it is the static dialysis station, where static dialysis is performed. Subsequently, the rotary power source 420 continues to drive the rotary disk 410 to rotate and moves to directly below the second connecting pipe 310. At this time, only the second connecting pipe 310 is connected to the peritoneal dialysis tubing 300, which is the waste fluid collection station, completing the waste fluid collection. After the waste fluid is drained, the rotary power source 420 drives the rotary disk 410 to rotate again, causing the arc-shaped groove 412 to return to the middle position between the first connecting pipe 110 and the second connecting pipe 310. In addition, a break time is prepared for the next cycle, thus realizing automatic sequential circulation.

[0036] In practical implementation, the rotation period of the rotating disk 410 can be determined according to actual needs, thereby adjusting the individual cycle period. Please see Figures 2 to 4 As a preferred embodiment, this embodiment further improves the arc groove 412: a length adjustment structure 450 is provided in the arc groove 412, and the length adjustment structure 450 is used to adjust the open length of the arc groove 412.

[0037] The length adjustment structure 450 can change the effective arc length of the arc groove 412 in the circumferential direction. When the arc groove 412 is aligned with the first connecting pipe 110 or the second connecting pipe 310, the open length of the arc groove 412 determines the area covered by the lower opening of the connecting pipe, thus affecting the area covered by the arc groove 412.

[0038] Its working principle is as follows: By adjusting the length of the operating structure 450, the effective arc length of the arc groove 412 can be increased or decreased. When the arc length is increased, the flow rate increases under the same gravitational pressure difference, which can prolong the infusion or drainage time and reduce the static dialysis time; when the arc length is decreased, the infusion or drainage time can be reduced and the static dialysis time can be increased. Specifically, Multiple sliders 451 are sequentially assembled within the notch 411, and each slider 451 can move along the radial direction of the rotating disk 410 (i.e., towards or away from the center of the rotating disk 410). The inner sidewalls (the side closest to the center) of the multiple sliders 451 and the sidewalls of the notch 411 together form an arc-shaped groove 412. That is, the radial inner boundary of the arc-shaped groove 412 is determined by the inner sidewalls of the sliders 451, and the radial outer boundary is determined by the sidewalls of the notch 411.

[0039] Multiple screws 452 are spaced apart circumferentially along the rotating disk 410, each screw 452 extending radially along the rotating disk 410. The screws 452 are rotatably connected to the rotating disk 410, meaning they can rotate relative to the rotating disk 410 but their axial position is fixed. Each screw 452 corresponds to a slider 451, and the two are connected by threads. When the screw 452 is rotated, its rotational motion is converted into radial linear motion of the slider 451, thereby driving the slider 451 to move radially along the rotating disk 410.

[0040] When it is necessary to increase the circumferential arc length of the arc groove 412, rotating the corresponding screw 452 moves the slider 451 away from the center, causing the inner wall of the slider 451 to retract outward, thus enlarging the circumferential opening of the arc groove 412. Conversely, moving the slider 451 towards the center reduces the circumferential opening of the arc groove 412. Multiple sliders 451 can be adjusted independently or synchronously to adapt to different flow control requirements. For example, when only single-point adjustment is needed, only one slider 451 can be adjusted; when uniform adjustment of the entire arc groove 412 length is required, all screws 452 can be rotated synchronously.

[0041] This embodiment further specifies that the upper hollow valve housing 440 is a transparent body. This transparent body can be made of transparent medical-grade plastic (such as polycarbonate, polymethyl methacrylate) or transparent glass.

[0042] Because the upper hollow valve housing 440 covers the rotating disk 410, the operator can directly observe the position of the rotating disk 410, the alignment of the arc groove 412 with the first and second connecting pipes 310, and the presence of air bubbles or foreign objects through the transparent upper hollow valve housing 440. During automatic operation of the device, the user can observe the current workstation status at any time through the transparent housing.

[0043] This embodiment defines the structure of the waste liquid collection assembly 200. The waste liquid collection assembly 200 includes a temporary storage tank. The inlet of the temporary storage tank is connected to the second connecting pipe 310 of the reversing device 400 via a flexible hose.

[0044] Please see Figure 8 and Figure 9 As a preferred implementation, this embodiment also includes an automatic drain function to support long-term, multi-cycle automatic operation of the device. An automatic drain valve 500 is provided at the bottom of the temporary storage tank. The automatic drain valve 500 includes a valve body 510, an electromagnet assembly 520, a permanent magnetic component 530, a float 540, and a return spring 550.

[0045] A valve body 510 is vertically movable and positioned at the bottom drain port of the temporary storage tank. The bottom end of the valve body 510 can be inserted into the bottom drain port of the temporary storage tank for sealing. A return spring 550 is connected between the valve body 510 and the bottom plate of the temporary storage tank. An electromagnet assembly 520 is embedded in the valve body 510. The switch 550 of the electromagnet assembly 520 is a pressure switch 550, which is fixed to the top of the temporary storage tank. A float plate 540 is located directly above the valve body 510. A permanent magnetic element 530 is embedded in the float plate 540. The magnetism of the permanent magnetic element 530 is the same as the magnetism generated when the electromagnet assembly 520 is energized (i.e., their opposite ends are opposite magnetic poles, generating an attractive force), and the magnetic force between the permanent magnetic element 530 and the electromagnet assembly 520 is greater than the tension of the return spring 550. When the float 540 rises to its highest point, it can press the switch 550 to instantly energize the electromagnet assembly 520.

[0046] Its working principle is as follows: As the device automatically performs multiple dialysis cycles, waste liquid continuously enters the temporary storage tank during each drainage stage. The waste liquid level in the temporary storage tank gradually rises, and the float 540 rises accordingly under the action of buoyancy. When the liquid level reaches the preset full liquid level height, the float 540 rises to the top. At this time, the float 540 presses against the pressure switch 550 fixed at the top of the temporary storage tank, causing the electromagnet assembly 520 to be energized instantaneously. After the electromagnet assembly 520 is energized, it generates a magnetic field. Since this magnetic field is the same as the magnetism of the permanent magnetic component 530 on the float 540, a strong attraction is generated between the two. This attraction is greater than the tension of the return spring 550, thus pulling the valve body 510 upward. The bottom end of the valve body 510 leaves the bottom drain port of the temporary storage tank, and the drain port is opened. The waste liquid in the temporary storage tank automatically flows out from the drain port under the action of gravity. As the waste liquid is discharged, the liquid level drops, and the float 540 also drops accordingly. Once the float 540 moves away from its top position, the pressure switch 550 disconnects, the electromagnet assembly 520 is de-energized, and the magnetic field disappears. The valve body 510, under its own weight and the action of the return spring 550, slowly moves downwards, and its bottom re-inserts into the drain port to seal, stopping the drainage. This cycle repeats, maintaining the liquid level in the temporary storage tank between full and low levels, achieving automatic, intermittent drainage. Even if the device runs for dozens of dialysis cycles continuously, the temporary storage tank will not stop working due to overflow.

[0047] Furthermore, a drain pipe can be connected below the drain port of the automatic drain valve 500, and a one-way valve can be connected in series on the drain pipe. This one-way valve allows waste liquid to flow out of the temporary storage tank, but prevents external liquids (such as sewage from the sewer or waste liquid in the collection tank) from flowing back into the temporary storage tank.

[0048] Its working principle is as follows: When the automatic drain valve 500 is opened, the waste liquid flows downward into the drain pipe and is discharged after passing through the check valve. If pressure fluctuations or siphoning occur in the external pipeline, the check valve will immediately close to prevent external liquid from flowing back into the temporary storage tank.

[0049] As a preferred embodiment, the device also includes a counter 600 that records the number of automatic drainage cycles, so that patients or medical staff can know the number of drainage cycles completed, thereby estimating the total waste volume and the number of dialysis cycles. The counter 600 is externally mounted on the storage tank and can be connected to the counter 600 when the float 540 moves to its highest position, thereby generating a recording action.

[0050] In operation, each time the liquid level in the temporary storage tank reaches full and the float 540 rises to its highest point, the float 540 triggers the pressure switch 550 to energize the electromagnet assembly 520 and simultaneously activates the counter 600. The counter 600 records this drainage action. Since each automatic drainage corresponds to a process from full to low liquid level, the volume of waste liquid discharged is fixed (determined by the structural dimensions of the temporary storage tank). Therefore, the total waste liquid discharge can be estimated by multiplying the number of drainages by the volume of each drainage. Combined with the perfusion volume of each dialysis cycle (usually a fixed value), the number of dialysis cycles completed can be calculated.

[0051] Please continue reading Figure 8 and Figure 9 The specific implementation method is as follows: the counter 600 includes a push rod 610, a one-way toggle rack 620, a counting disk 630 and a gear 640.

[0052] The push rod 610 is movable up and down and can be inserted into the top of the temporary storage box. Specifically, the push rod 610 passes through a guide hole in the top of the temporary storage box, with its lower end inside the box and its upper end outside. When the float 540 moves to its highest position, it pushes the push rod 610 upwards, causing it to move vertically upwards. A one-way actuating rack 620 is vertically fixed to the push rod 610. A counting disk 630 is rotatably mounted on the top of the temporary storage box, and the counting disk 630 has decimal digits (0-9 or 00-99, etc.) spaced circumferentially. A gear 640 is fitted and fixed to the counting disk 630 and can mesh with the teeth of the one-way actuating rack 620.

[0053] In use, when the float 540 rises to its highest point, it pushes the push rod 610 upwards, causing the one-way rack 620 to move vertically upwards. As the rack 620 moves upwards, its teeth mesh with the gear 640, driving the gear 640 to rotate by a fixed angle (e.g., 20 degrees, corresponding to a number on the counting dial 630). The counting dial 630 then rotates, displaying the next decimal number in the counting window. When the float 540 descends, the push rod 610 returns to its original position under its own weight or the action of the return spring 550. Because the one-way rack 620 has a one-way actuation characteristic (e.g., its teeth are one-way ratchet, or a one-way clutch is provided between the push rod 610 and the rack), the downward movement of the push rod 610 will not cause the gear 640 to rotate in the opposite direction. Therefore, each time the drainage is completed (the float 540 rises to the top), the counting disk 630 rotates by one digit unit each time the push rod 610 rises, thus achieving cumulative counting.

[0054] In addition, in specific implementation, one-way valves can be installed on the dialysis fluid storage component 100, the waste fluid collection component 200, and the peritoneal dialysis tubing 300 to improve the safety and reliability of the device during multi-cycle automatic operation.

[0055] Specifically, a first one-way valve is installed on the outlet line of the dialysate storage assembly 100, allowing dialysate to flow only from the storage assembly to the switching device 400, preventing backflow and contamination of the fresh dialysate in the storage assembly due to unexpected pressure fluctuations. A second one-way valve is installed on the inlet line of the waste fluid collection assembly 200, allowing waste fluid to flow only from the switching device 400 to the temporary storage tank, preventing waste fluid from flowing back into the switching device 400 or the peritoneal dialysis tubing 300. A third one-way valve is installed near the connection between the peritoneal dialysis tubing 300 and the patient's peritoneal dialysis catheter. This one-way valve is either a bidirectional anti-backflow valve or a combination of two one-way valves in the same direction, ensuring that fluid can only flow from the tubing to the patient's peritoneal cavity (drainage) and only from the patient's peritoneal cavity to the tubing (drainage), preventing abnormal backflow in both directions.

[0056] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims and specification of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automated fluid exchange device for peritoneal dialysis, characterized in that, It includes a dialysate storage component, a waste fluid collection component, a peritoneal dialysis tubing, and a switching device. The dialysate storage component, the outlet end of the peritoneal dialysis tubing, and the waste fluid collection component are arranged sequentially from top to bottom in space. The dialysate storage assembly and the waste fluid collection assembly are connected to the peritoneal dialysis tubing via the switching device. The switching device has a dialysis injection station, a waste fluid collection station, and a static dialysis station. When the reversing device is in the dialysis injection position, only the peritoneal dialysis tubing is connected to the dialysate storage component, and the dialysate enters the human peritoneal cavity. When the reversing device is in the static dialysis station, the dialysate storage component, the waste fluid collection component and the peritoneal dialysis tubing are completely disconnected. When the reversing device is in the waste fluid collection position, only the peritoneal dialysis tubing is connected to the waste fluid collection assembly, and peritoneal waste fluid enters the waste fluid collection assembly. The reversing device enables the dialysis injection station, the static dialysis station, and the waste liquid collection station to be automatically and repeatedly performed in sequence, thereby realizing automatic fluid exchange dialysis.

2. The automatic fluid exchange device for peritoneal dialysis according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reversing device includes a rotary disk, a rotational power source, and a lower hollow valve housing and an upper hollow valve housing that are arranged opposite to each other and fixed. The peritoneal dialysis tubing is connected to the bottom of the lower hollow valve shell. The dialysate storage assembly is connected to the top of the upper hollow valve shell via a first connecting pipe, and the waste fluid collection assembly is connected to the top of the upper hollow valve shell via a second connecting pipe. The first connecting pipe and the second connecting pipe are arranged opposite each other. The rotating disk is rotatably disposed between the lower hollow valve shell and the upper hollow valve shell, and is sealed and tightly attached to the lower end faces of the first connecting pipe and the second connecting pipe. The rotating power source is connected to the rotating disk to drive the rotating disk to rotate; the first connecting pipe and the second connecting pipe are located on the same circumference, and the rotating disk has an arc-shaped groove that runs vertically through it along the circumference. The arc-shaped groove is concentrically arranged with the rotating disk; during the rotation of the rotating disk, the arc-shaped groove can move sequentially to below the first connecting pipe and the second connecting pipe to align with their lower openings. The central angle of the arc-shaped groove is smaller than the central angle of the first connecting pipe and the second connecting pipe in the circumferential direction, so that during the rotation of the rotating disk, the arc-shaped groove cannot simultaneously communicate with the first connecting pipe and the second connecting pipe.

3. The automatic fluid exchange device for peritoneal dialysis according to claim 2, characterized in that, The arc-shaped groove is provided with a length adjustment structure, which is used to adjust the circumferential arc length of the arc-shaped groove.

4. The automatic fluid exchange device for peritoneal dialysis according to claim 3, characterized in that, The rotating disk has a through notch running vertically. The length adjustment structure includes multiple sliders and screws. The sliders are sequentially connected within the notch and can move radially along the rotating disk. The inner walls of the sliders and the side walls of the notch form an arc-shaped groove. The screws are spaced apart circumferentially along the rotating disk and extend radially. The screws are rotatably connected to the rotating disk, and each screw corresponds to a slider and is threadedly connected. Rotating the screws drives the sliders to move radially along the rotating disk.

5. The automatic fluid exchange device for peritoneal dialysis according to claim 2, characterized in that, The upper hollow valve shell is transparent.

6. The automatic fluid exchange device for peritoneal dialysis according to claim 2, characterized in that: The waste liquid collection assembly includes a temporary storage tank, and the inlet of the temporary storage tank is connected to the second connecting pipe via a flexible hose.

7. The automatic fluid exchange device for peritoneal dialysis according to claim 6, characterized in that, The bottom of the temporary storage box is equipped with an automatic drain valve, which includes a valve body, an electromagnet assembly, a permanent magnetic component, a float plate, and a return spring. The valve body is movable up and down at the bottom drain port of the temporary storage box. The return spring is connected between the valve body and the bottom plate of the temporary storage box. The bottom end of the valve body can be inserted into the bottom drain port of the temporary storage box for sealing. The electromagnet assembly is embedded in the valve body. The switch of the electromagnet assembly is a pressure switch, which is fixed to the top of the temporary storage box. The float plate is located directly above the valve body. The permanent magnetic component is embedded in the float plate. The magnetism of the permanent magnetic component is the same as the magnetism generated when the electromagnet assembly is energized, and the magnetic force between the permanent magnetic component and the electromagnet assembly is greater than the tension of the return spring. When the float plate rises to the top, it can press the switch, causing the electromagnet assembly to be energized instantaneously.

8. The automatic fluid exchange device for peritoneal dialysis according to claim 7, characterized in that, The drain outlet of the automatic drain valve is connected to a drain pipe, and a one-way valve is connected in series on the drain pipe to prevent the discharged waste liquid from flowing back into the temporary storage tank.

9. The automatic fluid exchange device for peritoneal dialysis according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that, A counter is installed on the outside of the temporary storage box. When the float moves to the top, it can connect with the counter to generate a recording action.

10. The automatic fluid exchange device for peritoneal dialysis according to claim 9, characterized in that, The counter includes a push rod, a one-way actuating rack, a counting disk, and a gear. The push rod is movable up and down and is inserted into the top of the temporary storage box. When the float moves to the highest position, the float can push the push rod to move vertically upward. The one-way actuating rack is vertically fixed to the push rod. The counting disk is rotatably mounted on the top of the temporary storage box. The counting disk is circumferentially spaced with decimal numbers. The gear is sleeved and fixed on the counting disk and can mesh with the teeth of the one-way actuating rack. Each time the push rod rises, the one-way actuating rack can drive the gear to rotate once, thereby driving the counting disk to rotate to the next decimal number position.

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