A bell-shaped shell processing device and a processing technology thereof

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of bell-shaped shell production, specifically disclosing a bell-shaped shell processing equipment and its processing technology, including a bar cutting device. The bar cutting device comprises: a housing with a discharge trough and a fixed platform inside the housing; a sawing assembly disposed inside the housing and fixed to the fixed platform, which cuts the bar stock; and a support assembly with multiple intersecting conveyor rollers supporting the bar stock. The conveyor rollers are spaced apart and rotate as the bar stock is fed. The spacing between adjacent fixed rods and adjacent conveyor rollers prevents chip accumulation on the support trough during bar cutting, thus avoiding impact on the clamping accuracy. After cutting, the bar stock is fed along the support trough. A drum wheel mounted on a second pressure block, along with the extension of a first hydraulic cylinder, cooperates with the conveyor rollers to keep the bar stock clamped in the support trough, thereby ensuring clamping accuracy and improving cutting precision.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bell-shaped shell production, specifically to bell-shaped shell processing equipment and its processing technology. Background Technology

[0002] As a key component of constant velocity universal joints, the processing quality of bell housings directly affects the performance, lifespan, and reliability of automotive transmission systems. Traditional bell housing processing typically involves steps such as bar cutting, forging, heat treatment, internal ball bearing grinding, and spline machining.

[0003] However, in existing technologies, especially in the initial bar cutting stage, conventional bar cutting devices often use a "clamp-cut-release-feed" operation method for automatic cutting. The clamping mechanism on the bar cutting device is difficult to maintain continuous radial clamping of the bar during the feeding process. Moreover, when clamping and positioning the bar, the clamping mechanism pushes the bar radially until it abuts against the side wall of the feed groove to achieve bar clamping and positioning. During the radial movement of the bar by the clamping mechanism, the bar may tilt. Although it can remain straight after abutting against the feed groove, it may produce a small axial displacement during its movement. In the frequent cutting and positioning process, the small axial displacements accumulate and may eventually lead to a large axial displacement, affecting the length accuracy and end face quality of the bar, and thus affecting the accuracy of subsequent forging. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a bell-shaped shell processing equipment and processing technology to overcome the above-mentioned defects in the prior art.

[0005] A bell-shaped shell processing apparatus according to the present invention includes a bar cutting device, characterized in that the bar cutting device comprises: The machine housing is provided with a discharge chute, and a fixed platform is provided inside the machine housing; A sawing assembly is disposed inside the machine housing and fixed on a fixed platform, the sawing assembly cutting the bar stock; A clamping assembly is installed inside the machine housing and located on one side of the sawing assembly. The clamping assembly includes a first hydraulic cylinder, a frame, a connecting plate, a slider, a first pressure block, a second pressure block, and waist drum wheels. The frame is fixed inside the machine housing. The first hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the frame. Two sliders are symmetrically arranged and are driven to rise and fall vertically by the first hydraulic cylinder. Two first pressure blocks are arranged and are slidably connected to one of the sliders through an elastic mechanism. Two second pressure blocks are arranged and are fixedly connected to the other slider. Four waist drum wheels are arranged and are rotatably connected to the lower ends of two first pressure blocks and two second pressure blocks, respectively. A support assembly is installed inside the housing and located below the clamping assembly. The support assembly includes a support groove and a conveyor roller. Multiple conveyor rollers are provided and are equidistantly distributed along the length of the support groove. The conveyor rollers are rotatably connected to the support groove, and adjacent conveyor rollers are arranged crosswise. The feeding assembly is located at the rear of the machine housing. The bar stock is pushed into the machine housing through the feeding assembly, allowing the bar stock to move between the clamping assembly and the support assembly.

[0006] A further technical solution includes a sawing assembly comprising a base, a first motor, guide rails, slide blocks, a base plate, and a saw blade. The base is fixed on a fixed platform. Two guide rails are symmetrically arranged and fixed on the base. Two slide blocks are arranged and slidably connected to the two guide rails respectively. The base plate is fixed on the two slide blocks. The saw blade is rotatably mounted on the upper side of the base plate. The first motor is fixed on the base plate and drives the saw blade to rotate.

[0007] A further technical solution includes two first bearing seats fixed on the left and right sides of the base plate, with a first lead screw rotatably connected between the two first bearing seats. The first lead screw is located on the lower side of the base plate, and a first threaded block is fixed on the lower end face of the base plate. The first lead screw passes through the first threaded block and is threadedly connected to it. A second motor is provided on the base, and the second motor is fixed on the first bearing seat on the side away from the clamping assembly. The first lead screw is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the second motor. A corrugated protective cover is fixed between the first threaded block and the first bearing seat, and the corrugated protective cover covers the portion of the first lead screw located between the first threaded block and the first bearing seat.

[0008] In a further technical solution, the two sliders are fixed to the connecting plate, the connecting plate and the sliders are slidably connected inside the frame and fixed to the piston rod of the first hydraulic cylinder, the frame is in the shape of an inverted "U", and guide strips are fixed on both the front and rear side walls of the frame. Vertical through grooves are opened on the side of the two sliders near the corresponding side of the frame, the upper end of the grooves passes through the connecting plate upwards, and the guide strips are slidably connected to the grooves.

[0009] A further technical solution involves one of the two first pressure blocks located directly below one of the sliders, with an elastic mechanism positioned between them. The elastic mechanism includes a guide rod, a pressure plate, a spring seat, and a spring. The upper surface of the first pressure block directly below the slider has two downwardly recessed guide holes, and a spring groove is formed between the two guide holes. The pressure plate is positioned between the first pressure block and the slider and is fixed to the upper surface of the first pressure block. The pressure plate has three vertically penetrating through holes aligned with the guide holes and the spring groove. The diameter of the through holes is smaller than the diameter of the spring groove. The spring seat is slidably connected within the spring groove. Three guide rods are provided, corresponding to the through holes. The guide rod aligned with the spring groove extends downward into the spring groove and is fixedly connected to the spring seat. The spring is fixed between the spring seat and the bottom wall of the spring groove.

[0010] In a further technical solution, the two first pressure blocks and the two second pressure blocks are fixedly connected by a connecting structure; The connection structure is provided in four parts, each including a support block and a connecting rod. The second pressure block and the first pressure block are provided with a through groove on both sides of the waist drum wheel. Two connecting rods are provided on the same connection structure and fixed on the front and rear sides of the support block. The connecting rods are embedded in the grooves and fixedly connected by bolts. The two sliding grooves located between the two second pressure blocks abut against the two second pressure blocks, and the two sliding grooves located between the two first pressure blocks abut against the two first pressure blocks.

[0011] A further technical solution includes a support groove comprising a support plate and side plates. The support plate is horizontally disposed below the clamping assembly. Two side plates are provided and vertically distributed on both sides of the support plate. Multiple fixing rods are fixed between the side plates and the support plate and are equidistantly distributed along the length of the support plate. Roller seats are rotatably connected to both ends of the conveying roller. The roller seats are respectively fixed to the side plates and the support plate. An opening is provided on the support groove. The opening is aligned with the interval between the two sliders. The side plates and the support plate are divided into two parts by the opening and fixed to the fixed platform by two fixing plates.

[0012] A further technical solution includes a feeding assembly comprising a fixed frame, a mounting plate, a second shaft seat, a feeding groove, a housing, and chucks. The mounting plate is fixed to the fixed frame. Two second shaft seats are provided and fixed to the mounting plate. The feeding groove is fixed to the two second shaft seats. Two housings are provided and fixed to the feeding groove. The housings are arranged parallel to the length direction of the feeding groove. A guide groove is provided on the housing and extends horizontally. A moving block is slidably connected in the guide groove. A second hydraulic cylinder located outside the housing is fixed on the moving block. The piston rod of the second hydraulic cylinder extends horizontally through the moving block to the space between the two housings. Two chucks are symmetrically arranged and located between the two housings, and are respectively fixed to the piston rod ends of the two second hydraulic cylinders. The horizontal cross-section of the chucks is L-shaped.

[0013] A further technical solution is provided, in which a second lead screw is rotatably connected between the two second shaft seats, and a second threaded block located between the two second shaft seats is fixed on the lower end face of the feed trough. The second lead screw passes through the second threaded block and is threadedly connected to it. A third motor is fixed on one of the second shaft seats, and the second lead screw is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the third motor.

[0014] The present invention also provides a bell-shaped shell processing technology, applied to the above-mentioned bell-shaped shell processing equipment, characterized in that it specifically includes the following steps: S1. Bar stock preparation: Provide bar stock for bell-shaped shell processing; S2. Bar cutting: The bar is cut into segments of a predetermined length using the bar cutting device. The bar cutting device keeps the bar in a radially clamped state during the cutting process, and when feeding the next bar after cutting a section of bar, the feeding action does not affect the radial clamping state of the bar, thereby ensuring that the bar is accurately positioned during the cutting process. S3. Forging and shaping: The section material is heated and forged into a bell-shaped shell blank using forging equipment; S4. Heat treatment: The bell-shaped shell blank is subjected to carburizing, quenching and tempering treatment. The carburizing and quenching treatment forms a carburized layer on the surface of the bell-shaped shell, and the tempering treatment transforms the metallographic structure into troostite to improve the surface hardness and core toughness. S5. Precision grinding and finishing of the inner ball track: The inner ball track of the heat-treated bell-shaped shell blank is CNC ground, and then the inner ball track is finished to make the surface roughness Ra value of the inner ball track less than 0.1µm. S6. Spline machining: Splines are machined on the bar portion of the bell-shaped shell to obtain the final bell-shaped shell product.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. The bar stock is supported by multiple intersecting conveyor rollers in the support assembly. There is a gap between adjacent conveyor rollers, and the conveyor rollers can rotate as the bar stock is conveyed. At the same time, the gap between adjacent fixed rods and adjacent conveyor rollers avoids the accumulation of chips on the support groove during bar stock cutting, which would affect the accuracy of bar stock clamping.

[0016] 2. After the bar stock is cut, it is fed along the support groove. The waist drum wheel installed on the second pressure block, along with the extension of the first hydraulic cylinder and the conveying roller, keeps the bar stock in the support groove at all times, thereby ensuring the clamping accuracy of the bar stock and improving the cutting accuracy of the bar stock.

[0017] 3. When clamping the bar stock, the waist drum wheel installed on the first pressure block can move a certain amount of vertically with the waist drum wheel, so that after the bar stock is cut, the end of the subsequent bar stock can be inserted between the waist drum wheel and the conveyor roller located on the first pressure block. The spring force can also provide a certain clamping force for the bar stock. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the installation positions of the clamping component and the support component in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the sawing component in this invention; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the sawing component in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the relative positions of the clamping component and the supporting component in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping component in this invention; Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the clamping component in this invention; Figure 8 This is the present invention. Figure 7 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 9 This is an exploded view of the clamping component in this invention; Figure 10 This is the present invention. Figure 9 Enlarged view of point B in the middle; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure in this invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the feeding assembly in this invention; Figure 13 This is a top view of the feeding assembly in this invention; Figure 14 This is the present invention. Figure 13 Schematic diagram of partial cross-section of the central CC region; Figure 15 This is the present invention. Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the cross-section of DD.

[0019] In the picture: 2. Feeding assembly; 4. Sawing assembly; 5. Clamping assembly; 6. Support assembly; 7. Connecting structure; 10. Machine housing; 11. Discharge chute; 12. Fixed platform; 13. Fixed plate; 20. Housing; 21. Guide groove; 22. Feed chute; 23. Second hydraulic cylinder; 24. Chuck; 25. Mounting plate; 26. Second shaft seat; 27. Third motor; 28. Second threaded block; 29. ​​Second lead screw; 210. Moving block; 30. Fixed frame; 40. Base; 41. Second motor; 410. Corrugated protective cover; 42. First motor; 43. Saw blade; 44. Base plate; 45. Guide rail; 46. 47. First shaft seat; 48. First lead screw; 49. First threaded block; 50. First hydraulic cylinder; 51. Frame; 52. Second pressure block; 53. First pressure block; 54. Slider; 55. Connecting plate; 56. Waist drum wheel; 57. Slide groove; 58. Pressure plate; 59. Spring seat; 510. Spring; 511. Spring groove; 512. Guide rod; 513. Guide strip; 514. Through hole; 515. Groove; 516. Guide hole; 60. Side plate; 61. Roller seat; 62. Conveyor roller; 63. Fixed rod; 64. Support plate; 65. Through port; 70. Support block; 71. Connecting rod. Detailed Implementation

[0020] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the appendix. Figure 1 The orientations or positional relationships shown are merely for the purpose of simplifying the description of the present invention, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0021] To make the objectives and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be specifically described below with reference to embodiments. It should be understood that the following text is only used to describe one or more specific embodiments of this invention and does not strictly limit the scope of protection specifically claimed by this invention. As used herein, the terms up and down and left and right are not limited to their strict geometric definitions, but include tolerances for reasonable and inconsistent machining or human errors. The specific features of the bell-shaped shell processing equipment and its processing technology are described in detail below: An embodiment of the present invention: Reference Figures 1-15This invention provides a bell-shaped shell processing device, including a bar cutting device, which includes: The machine housing 10 has a discharge chute 11 and a fixed platform 12 inside it. The sawing component 4 is installed inside the housing 10 and fixed on the fixed table 12. The sawing component 4 cuts the bar stock. The clamping assembly 5 is installed inside the housing 10 and located on one side of the sawing assembly 4. The clamping assembly 5 includes a first hydraulic cylinder 50, a frame 51, a connecting plate 55, a slider 54, a first pressure block 53, a second pressure block 52, and a waist drum wheel 56. The frame 51 is fixed inside the housing 10. The first hydraulic cylinder 50 is fixed on the frame 51. Two sliders 54 are symmetrically arranged and fixed on the connecting plate 55. The connecting plate 55 and the sliders 54 are slidably connected inside the frame 51 and fixed on the piston rod of the first hydraulic cylinder 50. Two first pressure blocks 53 are arranged, one of which is located directly below one of the sliders 54 and the two are slidably connected to each other through an elastic mechanism. Two second pressure blocks 52 are arranged, one of which is located directly below the other slider 54 and is fixedly connected to it. Four waist drum wheels 56 are arranged and are rotatably connected to the lower ends of two first pressure blocks 53 and two second pressure blocks 52 respectively. The two first pressure blocks 53 and the two second pressure blocks 52 are fixedly connected to each other through a connecting structure 7. Support component 6 is installed inside housing 10 and located below clamping component 5. Support component 6 includes support groove and conveyor roller 62. Multiple conveyor rollers 62 are provided and are equidistantly distributed along the length of support groove. The conveyor rollers 62 are rotatably connected to support groove. Adjacent conveyor rollers 62 are arranged crosswise. The projection of the conveyor roller 62 on the vertical plane perpendicular to support groove is "X" shaped. The feeding assembly 2 is located on the rear side of the housing 10. The bar stock is pushed into the housing 10 through the feeding assembly 2, so that the bar stock can move between the clamping assembly 5 and the support assembly 6.

[0022] Specifically, the sawing assembly 4 includes a base 40, a first motor 42, a guide rail 45, a slide block 46, a base plate 44, and a saw blade 43. The base 40 is fixed on the fixed platform 12. Two guide rails 45 are symmetrically arranged and fixed on the base 40. Two slide blocks 46 are arranged and slidably connected to the two guide rails 45 respectively. The base plate 44 is fixed on the two slide blocks 46. The saw blade 43 is rotatably arranged on the upper side of the base plate 44. The first motor 42 is fixed on the base plate 44 and drives the saw blade 43 to rotate.

[0023] Specifically, two first bearing seats 47 on the left and right sides of the base plate 44 are fixed on the base 40. A first lead screw 48 is rotatably connected between the two first bearing seats 47. The first lead screw 48 is located on the lower side of the base plate 44. A first threaded block 49 is fixed on the lower end face of the base plate 44. The first lead screw 48 passes through the first threaded block 49 and is threadedly connected to it. A second motor 41 is provided on the base 40. The second motor 41 is fixed on the first bearing seat 47 on the side away from the clamping assembly 5. The first lead screw 48 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the second motor 41. A corrugated protective cover 410 is fixed between the first threaded block 49 and the first bearing seat 47. The corrugated protective cover 410 covers the part of the first lead screw 48 located between the first threaded block 49 and the first bearing seat 47.

[0024] Specifically, the frame 51 is in the shape of an inverted "U". Guide bars 513 are fixed on both the front and rear side walls of the frame 51. Vertical through grooves 57 are opened on the side of the two sliders 54 near the corresponding side of the frame 51. The upper end of the groove 57 passes through the connecting plate 55. The guide bars 513 are slidably connected to the grooves 57.

[0025] Specifically, the elastic mechanism includes a guide rod 512, a pressure plate 58, a spring seat 59, and a spring 510. The upper surface of the first pressure block 53 located directly below the slider 54 has two downwardly recessed guide holes 516. A spring groove 511 is formed between the two guide holes 516. The pressure plate 58 is disposed between the first pressure block 53 and the slider 54 and is fixed to the upper surface of the first pressure block 53. The pressure plate 58 has three vertically penetrating through holes 514 that are aligned with the guide holes 516 and the spring groove 511. The diameter of the through holes 514 is smaller than the diameter of the spring groove 511. The spring seat 59 is slidably connected to the spring groove 511. Three guide rods 512 are provided and correspond to the through holes 514. The guide rods 512 aligned with the spring groove 511 extend downward into the spring groove 511 and are fixedly connected to the spring seat 59. The spring 510 is fixed between the spring seat 59 and the bottom wall of the spring groove 511.

[0026] Specifically, there are four connecting structures 7. Each connecting structure 7 includes a support block 70 and a connecting rod 71. The second pressing block 52 and the first pressing block 53 are provided with through grooves 515 on both sides of the waist drum wheel 56. There are two connecting rods 71 ​​on the same connecting structure 7 and they are fixed to the front and rear sides of the support block 70. The connecting rods 71 ​​are embedded in the grooves 515 and are fixedly connected by bolts. The two sliding grooves 57 located between the two second pressing blocks 52 abut against the two second pressing blocks 52. The two sliding grooves 57 located between the two first pressing blocks 53 abut against the two first pressing blocks 53.

[0027] Specifically, the support groove includes a support plate 64 and a side plate 60. The support plate 64 is horizontally arranged on the lower side of the clamping assembly 5. There are two side plates 60, which are vertically distributed on both sides of the support plate 64. Multiple fixing rods 63 are fixed between the side plates 60 and the support plate 64 and are equidistantly distributed along the length of the support plate 64. Roller seats 61 are rotatably connected to both ends of the conveying roller 62. The roller seats 61 are fixed on the side plate 60 and the support plate 64 respectively. A through-hole 65 is opened on the support groove. The through-hole 65 is aligned with the gap between the two sliders 54. The side plate 60 and the support plate 64 are divided into two parts by the through-hole 65 and fixed on the fixed platform 12 by two fixing plates 13.

[0028] Specifically, the feeding assembly 2 includes a fixed frame 30, a mounting plate 25, two second shaft seats 26, a feeding groove 22, a housing 20, and a clamp 24. The mounting plate 25 is fixed to the fixed frame 30. Two second shaft seats 26 are provided and fixed to the mounting plate 25. The feeding groove 22 is fixed to the two second shaft seats 26. Two housings 20 are provided and fixed to the feeding grooves 22. The housings 20 are arranged parallel to the length direction of the feeding grooves 22. A guide groove 21 is formed on the housing 20 and extends horizontally. A movable block 210 is slidably connected inside the housing 20. A second hydraulic cylinder 23 located outside the housing 20 is fixed on the movable block 210. The piston rod of the second hydraulic cylinder 23 passes horizontally through the movable block 210 to the space between the two housings 20. Two chucks 24 are symmetrically arranged and located between the two housings 20 and are respectively fixed to the piston rod ends of the two second hydraulic cylinders 23. The horizontal cross section of the chuck 24 is "L" shaped, so that when clamping the end of the bar, the horizontal movement of the chuck 24 can better push the bar to move.

[0029] Specifically, a second lead screw 29 is rotatably connected between the two second shaft seats 26, and a second threaded block 28 located between the two second shaft seats 26 is fixed on the lower end face of the feed chute 22. The second lead screw 29 passes through the second threaded block 28 and is threadedly connected to it. A third motor 27 is fixed on one of the second shaft seats 26, and the second lead screw 29 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the third motor 27.

[0030] In this embodiment, the bar cutting device uses a programmable logic controller (PLC) as the core control unit to coordinate the actions of each hydraulic cylinder and motor. Specifically: Core controller: An industrial-grade PLC is used to receive signals, execute pre-written control programs, and issue instructions to each actuator. Position sensor: used to detect whether the slider 54 of the clamping assembly 5 has reached the upper limit position / lower limit position, and whether the base plate 44 of the sawing assembly 4 is in the initial position and the cutting completion position; Hydraulic system: provides power to the first hydraulic cylinder 50 (clamping and positioning bar) and the second hydraulic cylinder 23 (clamping bar). The reversing of each hydraulic cylinder is achieved by the PLC through the control of the corresponding solenoid reversing valve. Motor drive unit: The first motor 42 (used to drive the saw blade 43 to rotate), the second motor 41 (saw feed motor, used to drive the saw blade 43 to feed and reset) and the third motor 27 (feed conveyor motor, used to complete the feeding action of bar material) are all driven by servo drivers. These drivers receive start / stop, speed and direction commands issued by PLC. Encoder: Installed on the third motor 27 (feed conveyor motor), used to accurately measure the feed length and achieve fixed length control.

[0031] The present invention also provides a bell-shaped shell processing technology, applied to the above-mentioned bell-shaped shell processing equipment, specifically including the following steps: S1. Bar stock preparation: Provide bar stock for bell-shaped shell processing; S2. Bar cutting: Using a bar cutting device to cut the bar into segments of a predetermined length; The bar cutting device keeps the bar in a radially clamped state during the cutting process, and when feeding the next bar after cutting a section of bar, the feeding action does not affect the radial clamping state of the bar, thus ensuring that the bar is accurately positioned during the cutting process. S3. Forging and shaping: The section material is heated and forged into a bell-shaped shell blank through forging equipment; S4. Heat treatment: Carburizing, quenching and tempering are performed on the bell-shaped shell blank. Carburizing and quenching form a carburized layer on the surface of the bell-shaped shell. Tempering transforms the metallographic structure into troostite to improve surface hardness and core toughness. S5. Precision grinding and finishing of the inner ball track: The inner ball track of the heat-treated bell-shaped shell blank is CNC ground, and then the inner ball track is finished to make the surface roughness Ra value of the inner ball track less than 0.1µm. S6. Spline machining: Splines are machined on the bar portion of the bell-shaped shell to obtain the final bell-shaped shell product.

[0032] In this embodiment, the specific process of step S2 is as follows: S2.1 Place the bar stock to be cut on the feeding assembly 2. The bar stock is located in the feeding groove 22. After receiving the "start" signal, the PLC first controls the electromagnetic reversing valve of the second hydraulic cylinder 23 to be energized, the piston rod extends, and drives the two "L" shaped chucks 24 to clamp the bar stock. After confirming that the clamping is in place by the hydraulic system pressure sensor, proceed to the next step. S2.2 The PLC sends a pulse signal to the driver of the third motor 27 to drive the second lead screw 29 to rotate, thereby driving the second threaded block 28 to move closer to the housing 10, thereby driving the moving block 210 to move closer to the housing 10, and then causing the chuck 24 to move closer to the housing 10, thereby pushing the bar into the housing 10. S2.3 When the end of the bar stock away from the third motor 27 moves to be aligned with the saw blade 43, the third motor 27 continues to push the bar stock a certain distance, then the third motor 27 stops, and the current position of the bar stock is taken as the zero point; S2.4 After feeding stops, the PLC controls the solenoid reversing valve of the first hydraulic cylinder 50 to be energized, the piston rod extends downward, drives the connecting plate 55 to move downward, thereby driving the slider 54 to move downward, thereby driving the second pressure block 52 and the first pressure block 53 to move downward until the waist drum wheel 56 on the first pressure block 53 cooperates with the waist drum wheel 56 on its lower side to clamp the bar. By the lower limit sensor installed on the frame 51, or by monitoring the oil pressure of the first hydraulic cylinder 50 (reaching the set pressure value), it is confirmed that the bar has been reliably clamped. Then the first hydraulic cylinder 50 stops. At this time, the waist drum wheel 56 on the first pressure block 53, under the elastic force of the spring 510, cooperates with the waist drum wheel 56 to clamp the end of the bar. There is a gap between the pressure plate 58 and the lower end of the slider 54, so that the first pressure block 53 still has a certain range of motion in the vertical direction. S2.5 The PLC program has an interlock function. It can only start sawing after receiving two signals at the same time: "bar clamping in place" and "feeding stop". The PLC drives the first motor 42 to start, which drives the saw blade 43 to rotate. Simultaneously, the second motor 41 starts, which drives the first lead screw 48 to rotate, thereby driving the first threaded block 49 to move closer to the bar. This causes the base plate 44 to drive the saw blade 43 to move closer to the bar until the saw blade 43 cuts the bar. After the saw blade 43 cuts the bar, it passes through the through-hole 65 and the gap between the two sliders 54. The cut bar slides down into the bar collection device through the discharge chute 11 as the subsequent bar is pushed. During the retraction of the saw blade 43, the first hydraulic cylinder 50 remains extended to ensure that the bar stock is always clamped after cutting and before the next feeding, which is the key to ensuring positioning accuracy. S2.6. By calculating the running time of the second motor 41, after the saw blade 43 cuts the bar, the PLC controls the second motor 41 to reverse, driving the base plate 44 to retract and reset. The third motor 27 restarts, thus allowing the bar to be pushed forward again. The PLC's internal counter receives feedback pulses from the encoder of the motor corresponding to the third motor 27. When the number of pulses reaches the preset value (corresponding to the required feeding length), the third motor 27 is immediately stopped. This process achieves precise length conveying of the bar. S2.7 Repeat steps S2.2-S2.6 until the end of the bar stock moves to the end of the feed chute 22 near the machine housing 10. Then, the second hydraulic cylinder 23 shortens, driving the two clamps 24 away from the end of the bar stock. The third motor 27 reverses, driving the clamps 24 to move away from the machine housing 10 until they are reset. S2.8 Place the new bar stock into the feed trough 22 and make it abut against the end of the bar stock cut in the previous step, and then repeat steps S2.1-S2.7.

[0033] In step S2.3, after the bar stock moves to its initial position, the distance it continues to move forward is the position for leaving the head of the bar stock. After the bar stock is cut for the first time in step S2.5, the head of the bar stock is cut off to ensure that the subsequent cutting of the bar stock maintains a consistent length and improves the cutting accuracy. In step S2.8, the advancement of the next bar will push the movement of the previous bar. For the same bar, after the last cutting of the bar in step S2.5, the remaining part is the tail, which can be discharged from the discharge chute 11 on the housing 10 as the subsequent bar is pushed.

[0034] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications to the above embodiments can be made without departing from the overall spirit and concept of the present invention. All such modifications fall within the protection scope of the present invention. The protection scheme of the present invention is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A bell-shaped shell processing device, comprising a bar cutting device, characterized in that, The bar cutting device includes: The machine housing (10) is provided with a discharge trough (11) and a fixed platform (12) is provided inside the machine housing (10). The sawing assembly (4) is disposed inside the housing (10) and fixed on the fixed table (12), and the sawing assembly (4) cuts the bar stock; The clamping assembly (5) is installed inside the housing (10) and located on one side of the sawing assembly (4). The clamping assembly (5) includes a first hydraulic cylinder (50), a frame (51), a connecting plate (55), a slider (54), a first pressure block (53), a second pressure block (52), and a waist drum wheel (56). The frame (51) is fixed inside the housing (10). The first hydraulic cylinder (50) is fixed on the frame (51). Two sliders (54) are symmetrically arranged and are driven vertically by the first hydraulic cylinder (50). Two first pressure blocks (53) are arranged and are slidably connected to one of the sliders (54) through an elastic mechanism. Two second pressure blocks (52) are arranged and are fixedly connected to the other slider (54). Four waist drum wheels (56) are arranged and are rotatably connected to the lower ends of the two first pressure blocks (53) and the two second pressure blocks (52). The support assembly (6) is installed inside the housing (10) and located below the clamping assembly (5). The support assembly (6) includes a support groove and a conveying roller (62). Multiple conveying rollers (62) are provided and are equidistantly distributed along the length of the support groove. The conveying rollers (62) are rotatably connected to the support groove, and adjacent conveying rollers (62) are arranged crosswise. The feeding assembly (2) is located on the rear side of the housing (10). The bar stock is pushed into the housing (10) through the feeding assembly (2), so that the bar stock can move between the clamping assembly (5) and the support assembly (6).

2. The bell-shaped shell processing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sawing assembly (4) includes a base (40), a first motor (42), a guide rail (45), a slide (46), a base plate (44), and a saw blade (43). The base (40) is fixed on a fixed platform (12). Two guide rails (45) are symmetrically arranged and fixed on the base (40). Two slides (46) are arranged and slidably connected to the two guide rails (45). The base plate (44) is fixed on the two slides (46). The saw blade (43) is rotatably arranged on the upper side of the base plate (44). The first motor (42) is fixed on the base plate (44) and drives the saw blade (43) to rotate.

3. The bell-shaped shell processing equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The base (40) is fixed with two first bearing seats (47) on the left and right sides of the base plate (44). A first lead screw (48) is rotatably connected between the two first bearing seats (47). The first lead screw (48) is located on the lower side of the base plate (44). A first threaded block (49) is fixed on the lower end face of the base plate (44). The first lead screw (48) passes through the first threaded block (49) and is threadedly connected to it. A second motor (41) is provided on the base (40). The second motor (41) is fixed on the first bearing seat (47) on the side away from the clamping assembly (5). The first lead screw (48) is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the second motor (41). A corrugated protective cover (410) is fixed between the first threaded block (49) and the first bearing seat (47). The corrugated protective cover (410) covers the part of the first lead screw (48) located between the first threaded block (49) and the first bearing seat (47).

4. The bell-shaped shell processing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two sliders (54) are fixed on the connecting plate (55). The connecting plate (55) and the sliders (54) are slidably connected in the frame (51) and fixed on the piston rod of the first hydraulic cylinder (50). The frame (51) is in the shape of an inverted "U". Guide strips (513) are fixed on both the front and rear side walls of the frame (51). Vertical through grooves (57) are opened on the side of the two sliders (54) near the corresponding side of the frame (51). The upper end of the groove (57) passes through the connecting plate (55) upward. The guide strips (513) are slidably connected to the grooves (57).

5. The bell-shaped shell processing equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that, One of the two first pressure blocks (53) is located directly below one of the sliders (54), and an elastic mechanism is located between them. The elastic mechanism includes a guide rod (512), a pressure plate (58), a spring seat (59), and a spring (510). The upper surface of the first pressure block (53) located directly below the slider (54) has two downwardly recessed guide holes (516), and a spring groove (511) is formed between the two guide holes (516). The pressure plate (58) is disposed between the first pressure block (53) and the slider (54) and is fixed to the upper surface of the first pressure block (53). (58) has three vertical through holes (514) aligned with the guide hole (516) and the spring groove (511). The diameter of the through hole (514) is smaller than the diameter of the spring groove (511). The spring seat (59) is slidably connected to the spring groove (511). There are three guide rods (512) corresponding to the through holes (514). The guide rod (512) aligned with the spring groove (511) extends downward into the spring groove (511) and is fixedly connected to the spring seat (59). The spring (510) is fixed between the spring seat (59) and the bottom wall of the spring groove (511).

6. The bell-shaped shell processing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two first pressure blocks (53) and the two second pressure blocks (52) are fixedly connected by a connecting structure (7); The connecting structure (7) is provided in four parts. The connecting structure (7) includes a support block (70) and a connecting rod (71). The second pressure block (52) and the first pressure block (53) are provided with grooves (515) that run through the front and back on both sides of the waist drum wheel (56) perpendicular to the second pressure block (52). There are two connecting rods (71) on the same connecting structure (7) and they are fixed on the front and back sides of the support block (70). The connecting rods (71) are embedded in the grooves (515) and fixedly connected by bolts. The two sliding grooves (57) located between the two second pressure blocks (52) abut against the two second pressure blocks (52). The two sliding grooves (57) located between the two first pressure blocks (53) abut against the two first pressure blocks (53).

7. The bell-shaped shell processing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support groove includes a support plate (64) and a side plate (60). The support plate (64) is horizontally arranged on the lower side of the clamping assembly (5). There are two side plates (60) and they are vertically distributed on both sides of the support plate (64). Multiple fixing rods (63) are fixed between the side plate (60) and the support plate (64) and are equidistantly distributed along the length of the support plate (64). Both ends of the conveying roller (62) are rotatably connected to roller seats (61). The roller seats (61) are fixed on the side plate (60) and the support plate (64) respectively. The support groove has an opening (65). The opening (65) is aligned with the interval between the two sliders (54). The side plate (60) and the support plate (64) are divided into two parts by the opening (65) and fixed on the fixed platform (12) by two fixing plates (13).

8. The bell-shaped shell processing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feeding assembly (2) includes a fixing frame (30), a mounting plate (25), a second shaft seat (26), a feeding groove (22), a housing (20), and a clamp (24). The mounting plate (25) is fixed to the fixing frame (30). Two second shaft seats (26) are provided and fixed to the mounting plate (25). The feeding groove (22) is fixed to the two second shaft seats (26). Two housings (20) are provided and fixed to the feeding groove (22). The housings (20) are arranged parallel to the length direction of the feeding groove (22). A guide groove (21) is provided on the upper part, which runs through the horizontal direction. A moving block (210) is slidably connected in the guide groove (21). A second hydraulic cylinder (23) located outside the housing (20) is fixed on the moving block (210). The piston rod of the second hydraulic cylinder (23) passes horizontally through the moving block (210) to the two housings (20). Two chucks (24) are symmetrically arranged and are located between the two housings (20) and are respectively fixed on the piston rod ends of the two second hydraulic cylinders (23). The horizontal cross section of the chuck (24) is "L" shaped.

9. A bell-shaped shell processing device according to claim 8, characterized in that, A second lead screw (29) is rotatably connected between the two second shaft seats (26). A second threaded block (28) located between the two second shaft seats (26) is fixed on the lower end face of the feed trough (22). The second lead screw (29) passes through the second threaded block (28) and is threadedly connected to it. A third motor (27) is fixed on one side of the second shaft seat (26). The second lead screw (29) is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the third motor (27).

10. A bell-shaped shell processing technology, applied to the bell-shaped shell processing equipment according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Specifically, the following steps are included: S1. Bar stock preparation: Provide bar stock for bell-shaped shell processing; S2. Bar cutting: The bar is cut into segments of a predetermined length using the bar cutting device. The bar cutting device keeps the bar in a radially clamped state during the cutting process, and when feeding the next bar after cutting a section of bar, the feeding action does not affect the radial clamping state of the bar, thereby ensuring that the bar is accurately positioned during the cutting process. S3. Forging and shaping: The section material is heated and forged into a bell-shaped shell blank using forging equipment; S4. Heat treatment: The bell-shaped shell blank is subjected to carburizing, quenching and tempering treatment. The carburizing and quenching treatment forms a carburized layer on the surface of the bell-shaped shell, and the tempering treatment transforms the metallographic structure into troostite to improve the surface hardness and core toughness. S5. Precision grinding and finishing of the inner ball track: The inner ball track of the heat-treated bell-shaped shell blank is CNC ground, and then the inner ball track is finished to make the surface roughness Ra value of the inner ball track less than 0.1µm. S6. Spline machining: Splines are machined on the bar portion of the bell-shaped shell to obtain the final bell-shaped shell product.

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