A thread forming method and tapping device with self-locking anti-loosening structure

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of thread processing technology, and discloses a thread forming method and tapping device with a self-locking anti-loosening structure. The device includes a worktable and clamping assembly, a feed movement assembly, a tapping power assembly, a grinding power assembly, and a grinding head, and is equipped with an intelligent control system integrating data acquisition, quality judgment, parameter adjustment, and collaborative control modules. By integrating clamping, tapping, grinding, and cooling / lubrication functions, combined with an asymmetric thread tap and subsequent fine grinding process, efficient and high-quality forming of self-locking anti-loosening threads is achieved. Real-time acquisition of multi-dimensional data such as torque, temperature, and displacement allows for online judgment of thread quality and adaptive adjustment of processing parameters, forming a closed-loop quality control. Through multi-component sequential collaboration and an emergency interlocking mechanism, the processing process is ensured to be safe and reliable, effectively improving the anti-loosening performance, fit accuracy, and process consistency of the threads.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of thread processing technology, specifically to a thread forming method and tapping device with a self-locking anti-loosening structure. Background Technology

[0002] Threaded connections, as one of the most widely used detachable connection methods in the mechanical manufacturing field, directly determine the operational safety and service life of the entire equipment. Especially in key areas such as automobile manufacturing, aerospace, construction machinery, and rail transportation, stringent requirements are placed on the self-locking anti-loosening performance, fitting accuracy, and structural stability of threads. With the development of industrial equipment towards high speed, heavy load, and precision, the problem of traditional ordinary threads easily loosening and failing due to vibration, impact, temperature changes, and other operating conditions is becoming increasingly prominent. Self-locking anti-loosening threads, with their unique structural design, achieve improved anti-loosening performance and have become a core connection component for highly reliable equipment.

[0003] However, current processing technology for self-locking anti-loosening threads still has many pain points that urgently need to be addressed:

[0004] The process is fragmented and the processing efficiency is low: the existing processing mode mostly adopts a segmented operation of "tapping machine tapping + special grinding machine grinding + manual transfer and cooling". Each process relies on independent equipment to complete. The process of transferring and positioning the workpiece between different equipment is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also prone to cumulative errors, resulting in poor consistency of thread forming accuracy, which makes it difficult to meet the high-efficiency requirements of mass production.

[0005] Poor quality of anti-loosening structure forming: Traditional processing often uses symmetrical thread taps to directly tap and form the thread, lacking targeted subsequent finishing processes. The thread surface roughness is high, the tooth profile angle deviation is large, and the thread diameter is not precisely chamfered, making it difficult to control the thread mating clearance. The self-locking anti-loosening performance is unstable and the design advantages of the anti-loosening structure cannot be fully utilized.

[0006] The machining process lacks dynamic control capabilities: key parameters such as tapping speed, feed rate, grinding parameters and cooling flow rate are mostly fixed and cannot be adaptively adjusted according to real-time machining conditions (such as torque changes, temperature rise, surface roughness fluctuations, etc.). When there are differences in workpiece material, equipment wear or changes in working conditions, problems such as thread profile deformation, thermal damage and poor chip removal are likely to occur.

[0007] Poor coordination among functional components: The clamping, tapping, cooling, and grinding modules operate independently, lacking a unified timing and posture linkage mechanism, which easily leads to action conflicts, such as interference between tapping and grinding paths, and cooling spray lagging behind the processing progress.

[0008] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a thread forming method and device that can integrate clamping, tapping, precision grinding, cooling and lubrication, and has real-time data acquisition, online quality judgment, adaptive parameter adjustment and intelligent collaboration of multiple components, so as to improve the machining accuracy of self-locking anti-loosening threads and meet the growing demand of high-end equipment manufacturing for high-reliability threaded connections. Summary of the Invention

[0009] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a thread forming method and tapping device with a self-locking anti-loosening structure, which solves the problems of scattered processes, low efficiency, unstable quality, and lack of real-time adaptive control in traditional self-locking anti-loosening thread processing. Through integrated and intelligent control, it achieves efficient, high-quality, and stable thread forming.

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution: a thread forming and tapping device with a self-locking anti-loosening structure, comprising: a worktable, a clamping component disposed on the top left side of the worktable, a feed moving component disposed on the top right side of the worktable, and a tapping power component slidably disposed above the feed moving component, wherein the tapping power component and the clamping component are on the same working plane.

[0011] A support is provided on the rear side of the top of the worktable, a transverse component is installed on the support, a lifting component is installed above the transverse component, a grinding power component is installed on the surface of the lifting component, and a grinding head for processing the formed thread surface is provided at the output end of the grinding power component.

[0012] A connecting plate is provided on the front side of the top of the workbench, and a forward moving component is installed on the top of the connecting plate. A support block is slidably provided above the forward moving component. A liquid outlet nozzle is installed on the side of the support block adjacent to the clamping component. A liquid storage tank is installed on the right side of the support block. A pump body is installed on the top of the support block. The inlet of the pump body is connected to the liquid storage tank, and its outlet is connected to the liquid outlet nozzle, for supplying cooling and lubricating medium to the thread forming area.

[0013] A control component is also provided on the front side of the top of the workbench.

[0014] Preferably, the software system running in the control unit adopts a modular design, including a machining process data acquisition and preprocessing module, a thread self-locking and anti-loosening quality judgment module, a machining parameter adaptive adjustment module, and a multi-component collaborative control module.

[0015] The machining process data acquisition and preprocessing module is used to acquire multi-dimensional raw data of the entire thread machining process in real time, and preprocess the multi-dimensional raw data to generate a standardized parameter array. ;

[0016] The thread self-locking anti-loosening quality judgment module receives a parameter array. Scoring based on individual indicators and overall score To determine the quality grade of thread forming;

[0017] The adaptive adjustment module for processing parameters receives a parameter array. The thread forming parameters can be adjusted in multiple ways using the quality grade signal Grade.

[0018] The multi-component collaborative control module constructs a control mechanism based on the entire process of thread forming, including clamping, tapping, cooling, and grinding, which features time-series collaboration, attitude linkage, and emergency interlocking.

[0019] Preferably, the processing data acquisition and preprocessing module includes:

[0020] Multi-dimensional raw data is collected through torque sensors, temperature sensors, displacement encoders, roughness detection sensors, and flow sensors. The sampling frequencies of each sensor are as follows: torque sensor 10Hz, temperature sensor 8Hz, displacement encoder 15Hz, roughness detection sensor 5Hz, and flow sensor 3Hz. The acquisition channels are configured with high-precision timestamps, and the data synchronization error is ≤1ms.

[0021] Preferably, the preprocessing includes:

[0022] Kalman filtering is used to denoise the torque and temperature signals. Outliers in the displacement and roughness data are removed based on the 3σ criterion. The torque, temperature, displacement, and flow rate data are standardized and calibrated respectively, and a standardized parameter array is output. .

[0023] Preferably, the thread self-locking anti-loosening quality judgment module includes:

[0024] A multi-index weighted scoring system was constructed, and a normal distribution scoring model was used to calculate the torque adaptation score, temperature control score, thread accuracy score, and anti-loosening performance score. The weight of each index was determined based on the analytic hierarchy process and the comprehensive score was calculated. The quality level was divided into grades I to IV according to the comprehensive score, and different warning signals were output accordingly.

[0025] Preferably, the adaptive adjustment module for processing parameters includes:

[0026] Based on the quality judgment results and real-time machining data, the tapping speed, tapping feed rate, grinding speed, grinding depth and cooling and lubrication medium flow rate are dynamically adjusted. The maximum grinding depth is controlled within 0.03 mm, and the tapping speed error is ≤ ±5 r / min.

[0027] Preferably, the multi-component collaborative control module includes timing collaborative control, attitude linkage control, and emergency interlock control mechanisms:

[0028] The timing-coordinated control schedules the actions of each component in the order of clamping, tapping, grinding, and detection, and sends a corresponding ready signal after each stage is completed.

[0029] The attitude linkage control is based on displacement encoder data to correct the coaxiality of the tap and the workpiece in real time. When the deviation exceeds 0.02mm, the position is finely adjusted, and the grinding chamfer angle error is ≤±0.5°.

[0030] The emergency interlock control immediately triggers an emergency stop command when it receives a Level IV quality warning signal, torque exceeds a safety threshold, or temperature exceeds a set upper limit, cutting off the tapping and grinding power and shutting down the pump.

[0031] Preferably, torque calibration ,in For torque calibration coefficient, The zero-point offset is obtained through calibration using a standard torque meter. This is the original measured value of the torque;

[0032] Temperature correction ,in Indicates the original temperature measurement value, This is the ambient temperature compensation value;

[0033] Displacement normalization ,in Indicates tapping feed rate The original measurement value This is the maximum feed rate threshold for this thread specification.

[0034] Traffic standardization ,in Indicates the original measured value of cooling flow rate, This is the rated cooling flow rate.

[0035] Preferably, the adaptive adjustment module for processing parameters includes multi-source adjustment:

[0036] The tapping parameter adjustment, grinding parameter adjustment, and cooling and lubrication parameter adjustment include target rotation speed and feed rate; the grinding parameter adjustment includes grinding rotation speed and grinding depth; and the cooling and lubrication parameter adjustment includes flow rate adjustment and injection angle correction.

[0037] Preferably, a thread forming method with a self-locking anti-loosening structure, performed using the aforementioned tapping device, includes the following steps:

[0038] S1: The workpiece is clamped by the clamping assembly;

[0039] S2: Control the feed movement component to drive the tapping power component to feed the workpiece, and drive the asymmetric thread tap through the tapping power component to tap, forming a thread with a self-locking anti-loosening structure.

[0040] S3: Control the transverse and lifting components to drive the grinding head to the formed thread position, and drive the grinding head to perform fine grinding and chamfering on the thread surface through the grinding power component;

[0041] S4: Control the forward movement component to drive the liquid nozzle to move to the vicinity of the processing area, and spray the cooling and lubricating medium to the thread forming area through the pump body;

[0042] S5: Executes the following intelligent control process via the control unit:

[0043] S51: Real-time acquisition of torque, temperature, displacement, roughness and flow data during the processing, and preprocessing.

[0044] S52: Based on the preprocessed data, the self-locking and anti-loosening quality of the thread is determined and a quality level signal is output;

[0045] S53: Based on the quality judgment results and real-time data, adaptively adjust the tapping parameters, grinding parameters, and cooling and lubrication parameters;

[0046] S54: Coordinates the clamping, tapping, grinding, and cooling components to perform actions according to a preset sequence, and triggers an emergency interlock mechanism when an abnormality is detected.

[0047] This invention provides a thread forming method and tapping device with a self-locking anti-loosening structure. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0048] 1. This invention integrates four functional modules—workpiece clamping, tapping feed, thread surface grinding and chamfering, and fixed-point cooling and lubrication—onto a unified workbench. It also combines an asymmetric thread tap with subsequent precision grinding to achieve efficient and high-quality integrated machining of threads with self-locking and anti-loosening characteristics, significantly improving the thread fit accuracy, anti-loosening performance, and process consistency.

[0049] 2. This invention uses an asymmetric thread tap for tapping, and combines it with subsequent fine grinding processes to grind and chamfer the thread surface, which effectively reduces the surface roughness of the thread, optimizes the tooth profile angle and diameter chamfer accuracy, thereby improving the thread's fit characteristics and self-locking anti-loosening performance, and ensuring its reliability under high vibration and high load conditions.

[0050] 3. This invention integrates multiple sensors such as torque, temperature, displacement, and roughness, combined with a data acquisition and preprocessing module, to monitor the machining status in real time; based on the quality judgment module and parameter adaptive adjustment module, it dynamically optimizes the tapping speed, feed rate, grinding parameters, and cooling flow rate to achieve closed-loop quality control and effectively prevent defects such as thread profile deformation and thermal damage.

[0051] 4. This invention achieves timing coordination and posture linkage of clamping, tapping, cooling, grinding and other processes through a multi-component collaborative control module, avoiding motion interference and path conflict; it has an emergency interlock mechanism that automatically stops when abnormal torque, over-temperature or unqualified quality is detected, ensuring processing safety. Attached Figure Description

[0052] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the worktable surface of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bracket, the lateral movement component, and the lifting component of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the connecting plate surface of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the surface structure of the connecting plate of the present invention from another perspective;

[0057] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the control component system module structure of the present invention.

[0058] The components include: 1. Worktable; 101. Control unit; 2. Clamping assembly; 3. Feed movement assembly; 4. Tapping power assembly; 5. Support; 6. Lateral movement assembly; 7. Lifting assembly; 8. Grinding power assembly; 9. Grinding head; 10. Connecting plate; 11. Forward movement assembly; 12. Support block; 13. Liquid outlet nozzle; 14. Liquid storage tank; and 15. Pump body. Detailed Implementation

[0059] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0060] Please see Figures 1 to 5This invention provides a thread forming method and tapping device with a self-locking anti-loosening structure, mainly including a worktable 1, a clamping assembly 2, a feed moving assembly 3, a tapping power assembly 4, a bracket 5, a transverse moving assembly 6, a lifting assembly 7, a grinding power assembly 8, a grinding head 9, a connecting plate 10, a forward moving assembly 11, a support block 12, a liquid outlet nozzle 13, a liquid storage tank 14, a pump body 15, and a control component 101.

[0061] The worktable 1 serves as the base of the entire device; the clamping assembly 2 is located on the left side of the top of the worktable 1 for clamping the workpiece to be processed; the feed moving assembly 3 is located on the right side of the top of the worktable 1; the tapping power assembly 4 is slidably located above the feed moving assembly 3 and is on the same working plane as the clamping assembly 2; the output end of the tapping power assembly 4 is equipped with an asymmetric thread tap for processing self-locking anti-loosening threads; the feed moving assembly 3 is used to drive the tapping power assembly 4 to move in a direction close to or away from the clamping assembly 2 to complete the tapping of the workpiece.

[0062] The support 5 is located on the rear side of the top of the worktable 1; the transverse component 6 is mounted on the support 5; the lifting component 7 is mounted above the transverse component 6 and can be driven by the transverse component 6 to move laterally; the grinding power component 8 is mounted on the surface of the lifting component 7 and can be driven by the lifting component 7 to move up and down; the grinding head 9 is located at the output end of the grinding power component 8; through the cooperation of the transverse component 6 and the lifting component 7, the grinding head 9 can be driven to move to the thread position that has been tapped, and the grinding power component 8 drives the grinding head 9 to rotate, grinding the surface of the threaded workpiece and chamfering the thread diameter to optimize the thread fit characteristics and anti-loosening performance.

[0063] The connecting plate 10 is disposed on the front side of the top of the workbench 1; the forward moving component 11 is installed on the top of the connecting plate 10; the support block 12 is slidably disposed above the forward moving component 11 and can be driven by the forward moving component 11 to move back and forth; the liquid outlet nozzle 13 is installed on the side of the support block 12 near the clamping component 2; the liquid storage tank 14 is installed on the right side of the support block 12; the pump body 15 is installed on the top of the support block 12, its inlet is connected to the liquid storage tank 14, and its outlet is connected to the liquid outlet nozzle 13; the control component 101 is disposed on the front side of the top of the workbench 1; during the processing, the support block 12 and the liquid outlet nozzle 13 on it can be moved to the vicinity of the processing area by the forward moving component 11, and the pump body 15 is controlled by the control component 101 to pump the cooling and lubricating medium in the liquid storage tank 14 to the liquid outlet nozzle 13 and spray it onto the thread forming area, so as to cool, lubricate and remove chips.

[0064] In this embodiment, the clamping component 2 (such as a chuck or vise), the feed moving component 3, the traversing component 6, the lifting component 7 and the forward moving component 11 (such as a lead screw slide, linear module, cylinder or hydraulic cylinder linear drive mechanism), the tapping power component 4 and the grinding power component 8 (such as a servo motor, stepper motor drive unit and equipped with corresponding chucks), the pump body 15 (such as a micro liquid pump), and various standard mechanical connecting parts and structural parts (such as worktable 1, bracket 5, connecting plate 10 and support block 12) are all existing technologies or well-known general components in the fields of machining equipment, CNC machine tools or fluid transportation; their independent basic structures, working principles and selection methods are well known to those skilled in the art, so they will not be described in detail in this embodiment.

[0065] The control unit 101 uses an industrial-grade high-speed embedded controller as its core hardware platform, equipped with multi-channel high-precision digital signal interfaces, pulse command output interfaces, and Ethernet communication interfaces. It can adapt to peripherals such as torque sensors, temperature sensors, displacement encoders, roughness detection sensors, servo drives, and pump controllers, meeting the real-time acquisition and control needs of multi-dimensional data throughout the entire thread processing process. The software system running on this hardware platform adopts a modular and collaborative design, such as... Figure 6 As shown, it includes: a processing data acquisition and preprocessing module, a thread self-locking and anti-loosening quality judgment module, a processing parameter adaptive adjustment module, and a multi-component collaborative control module. Each module constructs a fully closed-loop control system of perception, analysis, decision-making, execution, and feedback through a standardized data bus.

[0066] The processing data acquisition and preprocessing module is used to collect multi-dimensional raw data of the entire thread processing process in real time. Through noise reduction, anomaly removal and standardization, it provides accurate data support for subsequent quality judgment and parameter adjustment.

[0067] In one specific embodiment, the processing data acquisition and preprocessing module is directly connected to various physical sensors and detection units, and outputs a standardized parameter array through synchronous acquisition, layered noise reduction, anomaly screening, and standardized calibration.

[0068] The torque sensor is connected via a signal coupler to acquire the real-time output torque of the tapping power assembly 4 at a sampling frequency of 10Hz. To capture the characteristics of resistance changes during the thread forming process;

[0069] A temperature sensor is embedded in the contact area between the tap and the workpiece, and collects the temperature of the machining area at a sampling frequency of 8Hz. Monitor the risk of thermal deformation;

[0070] The displacement encoder is integrated into the feed movement component 3 and the traverse component 6, and acquires the tapping feed amount at a sampling frequency of 15Hz. Lateral displacement of grinding head 9 and longitudinal lifting amount ;

[0071] The surface roughness sensor is installed next to the grinding power unit 8 and collects the surface roughness of the thread after grinding at a sampling frequency of 5Hz. ;

[0072] A flow sensor is connected to the liquid outlet nozzle 13 to collect the real-time flow rate of the cooling and lubricating medium at a sampling frequency of 3Hz. ;

[0073] All acquisition channels are equipped with a high-precision timestamp synchronization module to ensure the time consistency of data across different dimensions, with an error of ≤1ms.

[0074] The raw data collected by the sensor is processed in layers: a Kalman filter algorithm is used to eliminate torque. ,temperature The formula for filtering random noise in a signal is:

[0075]

[0076] in Indicates at discrete time step At time 1, the optimal state estimate after Kalman filtering; when applied to torque signals hour, This is the filtered torque value. When applied to temperature signals hour, This is the filtered temperature value. ;

[0077] The state transition matrix describes the evolution of the system state from the previous time k−1 to the current time k. For slow variables such as torque and temperature, it is often simplified to a scalar A≈1, which means that the expected value of the state remains basically unchanged when there is no external input.

[0078] B represents the control input matrix, which stores the external control input. The influence is mapped onto the state change. In this scenario, if we consider the direct influence of spindle power on torque and coolant on temperature, then B is not zero; if we only consider the signal as a controlled random walk, then we set B=0. This represents the known control input vector at time k; This represents the Kalman gain matrix at time k, which is the core of the algorithm and dynamically trades off the predicted values. With new observations Confidence level between them; It is obtained through recursive calculation.

[0079] This represents the sensor's raw measurement value at time k, which is the raw, noisy signal read directly from the torque sensor or infrared thermometer.

[0080] based on The criteria eliminate outliers in displacement and roughness data, avoid interference caused by mechanical vibration or sensor malfunctions, and perform standardized calibration.

[0081] Torque calibration: ,in For torque calibration coefficient, The zero-point offset is obtained through calibration using a standard torque meter. This is the original measured value of the torque;

[0082] Temperature correction: ,in Indicates the original temperature measurement value, This is the ambient temperature compensation value;

[0083] Displacement normalization: ,in Indicates tapping feed rate The original measurement value This is the maximum feed rate threshold for this thread specification.

[0084] Traffic standardization: ,in Indicates the original measured value of cooling flow rate, This is the rated cooling flow rate.

[0085] The final output is a standardized parameter array. It is synchronously transmitted to subsequent modules via Ethernet bus at a baud rate of 2Mbps.

[0086] The thread self-locking anti-loosening quality judgment module constructs a multi-index weighted scoring system based on the pre-processed standardized parameter array to quantitatively evaluate the thread self-locking anti-loosening performance and forming quality.

[0087] In one specific embodiment, the thread self-locking anti-loosening quality judgment module receives a parameter array via a high-speed bus. The evaluation is based on individual indicators, weighted comprehensive assessment, and quality grade determination.

[0088] Individual indicator scoring: Appropriate ranges are set for the thread forming quality parameters, and a normal distribution scoring model is used to calculate the individual score.

[0089] Torque matching score ,in For the thread forming torque of the specifications determined through process testing, This refers to the torque sensitivity coefficient.

[0090] Temperature control score ,in To ensure safe processing temperature range, It is the midpoint of the interval;

[0091] Thread accuracy score Where 0.85 is the standardized value of the optimal feed rate; anti-loosening performance score ,in This is the maximum permissible surface roughness for a self-locking thread.

[0092] Overall quality score: Based on historical self-locking anti-loosening thread forming data, the weight of each indicator was determined using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Calculate the overall score ;

[0093] Based on the overall score Determine the quality level:

[0094] Level I (Excellent): 90≤ ≤100 indicates excellent self-locking and anti-loosening performance with no warning.

[0095] Grade II (Good): 75≤ If the value is less than 90, the thread forming quality is deemed acceptable, and no warning is issued.

[0096] Level III (To be optimized): 60≤ If the value is less than 75, the anti-loosening performance is deemed insufficient, and a yellow warning is issued.

[0097] Grade IV (Unqualified): A score <60 indicates thread forming failure, triggering a red warning and production interruption; the quality grade signal (Grade I-IV) and the overall score are then considered. The individual scores are simultaneously sent to the adaptive adjustment module for processing parameters and the storage unit for control components, for parameter correction and quality traceability.

[0098] The adaptive adjustment module for machining parameters dynamically adjusts the tapping speed, feed rate, grinding parameters, and cooling flow rate based on the quality judgment result and real-time machining status, thereby achieving closed-loop adjustment of quality feedback and parameter optimization to ensure accurate thread forming of the self-locking anti-loosening structure.

[0099] In one specific embodiment, the processing parameter adaptive adjustment module receives a parameter array. Adjustments are performed in conjunction with the quality grade signal Grade (I-IV) and preset thread specification parameters;

[0100] Adjustment 1: Tapping parameter adjustment

[0101] Target speed calculation: ,in To set the reference rotation speed according to the workpiece material, when When the speed is less than 75, reduce the rotation speed by an additional 10% to improve machining stability;

[0102] Feed rate correction: To avoid excessive feed rate causing thread profile deformation;

[0103] Adjustment 2: Grinding parameter adjustment

[0104] Grinding speed: When the surface roughness does not meet the standard, increasing the rotation speed enhances the grinding effect;

[0105] Grinding depth: ,in The reference grinding depth should not exceed 0.03mm to prevent excessive grinding from damaging the thread structure.

[0106] Adjustment 3: Cooling and lubrication parameter adjustment

[0107] Flow regulation: It automatically increases cooling flow when the temperature rises;

[0108] Spray angle correction: The position of the support block 12 is adjusted by moving the forward component 11 so that the spray angle of the liquid outlet nozzle 13 changes in real time with the tapping depth, ensuring that the cooling medium accurately covers the processing area;

[0109] Closed-loop correction: Real-time reception of actual processing parameters from the preprocessing module; taking target rotational speed calculation as an example, eliminating deviations through proportional-integral calculation. ,in Adjust the coefficient for the user to ensure that the speed error is ≤ ±5 r / min;

[0110] The adjusted parameters are sent to the drive units of the tapping power unit 4, the feed movement unit 3, the grinding power unit 8, and the pump body 15 via the PWM signal and pulse command interface, and the adjustment record is fed back to the storage unit at the same time.

[0111] The multi-component collaborative control module coordinates the entire process of clamping, tapping, cooling, and grinding, and constructs a control mechanism with time-series coordination, posture linkage, and emergency interlocking to solve the problems of motion conflict and low efficiency caused by the independent operation of each component in traditional machining.

[0112] In one specific embodiment, the multi-component collaborative control module receives a parameter array. In conjunction with the quality level signal Grade (I-IV), perform multi-dimensional collaborative control:

[0113] Cooperative Control 1: Timing Cooperative Control

[0114] Clamping stage: Control clamping component 2 to adaptively adjust the clamping force according to the workpiece diameter. ,in The actual diameter of the workpiece. Using the reference diameter, a "ready signal" is sent after the clamping force stabilizes;

[0115] Tapping stage: The feed moving component 3 drives the tapping power component 4 to feed according to the corrected feed amount, and simultaneously triggers the pump body 15 to start cooling. After tapping to the preset depth, a "tapping completion signal" is sent.

[0116] Grinding stage: The transverse component 6 and the lifting component 7 work together to drive the grinding head 9 to move to the thread port, perform surface grinding and chamfering according to the grinding parameters, and send a "grinding completion signal" after completion;

[0117] Inspection phase: The roughness detection sensor performs full thread surface inspection, and after feeding back the inspection results, the clamping assembly 2 releases the workpiece, completing one machining cycle;

[0118] Cooperative Control II: Attitude Linkage Control

[0119] Based on displacement encoder data, the coaxiality of the tapping tap and the workpiece is corrected in real time. When the deviation exceeds 0.02mm, the position of the tapping power component 4 is finely adjusted by the feed movement component 3.

[0120] During the grinding process, the movement trajectories of the transverse component 6 and the lifting component 7 are dynamically adjusted according to the thread end position data to ensure that the grinding chamfer angle error is ≤ ±0.5°;

[0121] Collaborative Control 3: Emergency Interlock Control

[0122] When a Level IV red warning signal is received or when torque exceeds the safety threshold is detected. Temperature exceeds If the emergency stop command is triggered immediately, the tapping and grinding power will be cut off simultaneously, and the pump body will be shut down to avoid workpiece scrap or equipment damage.

[0123] When a component malfunctions, such as when the feed S is stuck, a signal is immediately sent to other components to stop the associated actions and output a fault code.

[0124] The multi-component collaborative control module synchronously feeds back the actual operating parameters of each component (clamping force, tapping depth, grinding trajectory, cooling flow) to the control component storage unit for thread forming status monitoring and process optimization analysis.

[0125] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A thread forming and tapping device with a self-locking anti-loosening structure, characterized in that, include: The worktable (1), the clamping assembly (2) disposed on the top left side of the worktable (1), the feed moving assembly (3) disposed on the top right side of the worktable (1), and the tapping power assembly (4) slidably disposed above the feed moving assembly (3), wherein the tapping power assembly (4) and the clamping assembly (2) are on the same working plane. A support (5) is provided on the rear side of the top of the workbench (1). A transverse component (6) is installed on the support (5). A lifting component (7) is installed above the transverse component (6). A grinding power component (8) is installed on the surface of the lifting component (7). A grinding head (9) for processing the formed thread surface is provided at the output end of the grinding power component (8). A connecting plate (10) is provided on the front side of the top of the workbench (1). A forward moving component (11) is installed on the top of the connecting plate (10). A support block (12) is slidably provided above the forward moving component (11). A liquid outlet nozzle (13) is installed on the side of the support block (12) adjacent to the clamping component (2). A liquid storage tank (14) is installed on the right side of the support block (12). A pump body (15) is installed on the top of the support block (12). The inlet of the pump body (15) is connected to the liquid storage tank (14), and its outlet is connected to the liquid outlet nozzle (13) for supplying cooling and lubricating medium to the thread forming area. A control component (101) is also provided on the front side of the top of the workbench (1).

2. The thread forming and tapping device with a self-locking anti-loosening structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The software system running in the control unit (101) adopts a modular design, including a machining process data acquisition and preprocessing module, a thread self-locking and anti-loosening quality judgment module, a machining parameter adaptive adjustment module, and a multi-component collaborative control module. The machining process data acquisition and preprocessing module is used to acquire multi-dimensional raw data of the entire thread machining process in real time, and preprocess the multi-dimensional raw data to generate a standardized parameter array. ; The thread self-locking anti-loosening quality judgment module receives a parameter array. Scoring based on individual indicators and overall score To determine the quality grade of thread forming; The adaptive adjustment module for processing parameters receives a parameter array. The thread forming parameters can be adjusted in multiple ways using the quality grade signal Grade. The multi-component collaborative control module constructs a control mechanism based on the entire process of thread forming, including clamping, tapping, cooling, and grinding, which features time-series collaboration, attitude linkage, and emergency interlocking.

3. A thread forming and tapping device with a self-locking anti-loosening structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The processing data acquisition and preprocessing module includes: Multi-dimensional raw data is collected through torque sensors, temperature sensors, displacement encoders, roughness detection sensors, and flow sensors. The sampling frequencies of each sensor are as follows: torque sensor 10Hz, temperature sensor 8Hz, displacement encoder 15Hz, roughness detection sensor 5Hz, and flow sensor 3Hz. The acquisition channels are configured with high-precision timestamps, and the data synchronization error is ≤1ms.

4. A thread forming and tapping device with a self-locking anti-loosening structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The preprocessing includes: Kalman filtering is used to denoise the torque and temperature signals. Outliers in the displacement and roughness data are removed based on the 3σ criterion. The torque, temperature, displacement, and flow rate data are standardized and calibrated respectively, and a standardized parameter array is output. .

5. A thread forming and tapping device with a self-locking anti-loosening structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The thread self-locking anti-loosening quality judgment module includes: A multi-index weighted scoring system was constructed, and a normal distribution scoring model was used to calculate the torque adaptation score, temperature control score, thread accuracy score, and anti-loosening performance score. The weight of each index was determined based on the analytic hierarchy process and the comprehensive score was calculated. The quality level was divided into grades I to IV according to the comprehensive score, and different warning signals were output accordingly.

6. A thread forming and tapping device with a self-locking anti-loosening structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The adaptive adjustment module for processing parameters includes: Based on the quality judgment results and real-time machining data, the tapping speed, tapping feed rate, grinding speed, grinding depth and cooling and lubrication medium flow rate are dynamically adjusted. The maximum grinding depth is controlled within 0.03 mm, and the tapping speed error is ≤ ±5 r / min.

7. A thread forming and tapping device with a self-locking anti-loosening structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The multi-component collaborative control module includes timing collaborative control, attitude linkage control, and emergency interlock control mechanisms. The timing-coordinated control schedules the actions of each component in the order of clamping, tapping, grinding, and detection, and sends a corresponding ready signal after each stage is completed. The attitude linkage control is based on displacement encoder data to correct the coaxiality of the tap and the workpiece in real time. When the deviation exceeds 0.02mm, the position is finely adjusted, and the grinding chamfer angle error is ≤±0.5°. The emergency interlock control immediately triggers an emergency stop command when it receives a Level IV quality warning signal, torque exceeds a safety threshold, or temperature exceeds a set upper limit, cutting off the tapping and grinding power and shutting down the pump.

8. A thread forming and tapping device with a self-locking anti-loosening structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, Torque calibration ,in For torque calibration coefficient, The zero-point offset is obtained through calibration using a standard torque meter. This is the original measured value of the torque; Temperature correction ,in Indicates the original temperature measurement value, This is the ambient temperature compensation value; Displacement normalization ,in Indicates tapping feed rate The original measurement value This is the maximum feed rate threshold for this thread specification. Traffic standardization ,in Indicates the original measured value of cooling flow rate, This is the rated cooling flow rate.

9. A thread forming and tapping device with a self-locking anti-loosening structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The adaptive adjustment module for processing parameters includes multi-source adjustment: The tapping parameter adjustment, grinding parameter adjustment, and cooling and lubrication parameter adjustment include target rotation speed and feed rate; the grinding parameter adjustment includes grinding rotation speed and grinding depth; and the cooling and lubrication parameter adjustment includes flow rate adjustment and injection angle correction.

10. A thread forming method with a self-locking anti-loosening structure, characterized in that, Performed using the tapping device as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, the process includes the following steps: S1: The workpiece is clamped by the clamping assembly (2); S2: The control feed movement component (3) drives the tapping power component (4) to feed towards the workpiece, and drives the asymmetric thread tap through the tapping power component (4) to tap, forming a thread with a self-locking anti-loosening structure; S3: Control the transverse component (6) and the lifting component (7) to drive the grinding head (9) to move to the formed thread position, and drive the grinding head (9) to perform fine grinding and chamfering on the thread surface through the grinding power component (8); S4: Control the forward movement component (11) to drive the liquid outlet nozzle (13) to move to the vicinity of the processing area, and spray the cooling and lubricating medium to the thread forming area through the pump body (15); S5: The following intelligent control process is executed via the control unit (101): S51: Real-time acquisition of torque, temperature, displacement, roughness and flow data during the processing, and preprocessing. S52: Based on the preprocessed data, the self-locking and anti-loosening quality of the thread is determined and a quality level signal is output; S53: Based on the quality judgment results and real-time data, adaptively adjust the tapping parameters, grinding parameters, and cooling and lubrication parameters; S54: Coordinates the clamping, tapping, grinding, and cooling components to perform actions according to a preset sequence, and triggers an emergency interlock mechanism when an abnormality is detected.

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