Ultrasonic rolling and dynamic stress real-time regulation integrated device

Abstract

The application discloses an ultrasonic rolling and dynamic stress real-time regulation integrated device and belongs to the technical field of ultrasonic rolling, which comprises a machine tool, a horizontal sliding table slidingly arranged along the length direction of the machine tool, and a sliding seat slidingly assembled on the top of the horizontal sliding table. The horizontal sliding cooperation of the mounting block and the sleeve pipe, in combination with a special counterweight mechanism composed of a limiting ring, a counterweight ring, a plug rod and a supporting plate, can provide constant and accurately adjustable static pressure for the rolling process. In addition, the adaptability of the limiting ring from top to bottom with the gradual change of the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the counterweight ring enables the automatic increase and decrease of the counterweight by controlling the lifting height of the guide block two, without the need for complex manual operation. The application solves the problems of over-processing of the convex area and insufficient processing of the concave area caused by the linear correlation between the traditional spring elastic force and the deformation amount, ensures the uniform distribution of the residual compressive stress on the workpiece surface, significantly improves the strengthening consistency of ultrasonic rolling, and adapts to complex working conditions with different topography errors and material hardness.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an integrated device for ultrasonic rolling and real-time dynamic stress control, belonging to the field of ultrasonic rolling technology. Background Technology

[0002] In the process of ultrasonic rolling, real-time dynamic stress control is the core technical link that determines the strengthening effect of ultrasonic rolling. Its goal is to maintain the stability of rolling stress during the rolling process to adapt to complex working conditions such as surface morphology errors and uneven material hardness of the workpiece, and to ensure that the workpiece surface obtains uniform strengthening quality. To achieve this goal, existing technologies have developed rolling cutters with internal floating functions. A floating connection is formed by springs, and the elastic deformation of the springs is used to buffer the unevenness of the workpiece surface, so as to achieve preliminary dynamic stress adaptation.

[0003] However, the elastic force of the spring is linearly positively correlated with the deformation. When the rolling head passes through the raised area, the spring compression increases and the elastic force rises simultaneously, resulting in an instantaneous increase in rolling stress. This can easily cause over-machining of the workpiece surface, leading to local residual tensile stress or microcracks. When the rolling head passes through the concave area, the spring elongation increases and the elastic force decreases simultaneously, resulting in an instantaneous decrease in rolling stress. This makes it impossible for the material in the concave area to obtain sufficient plastic deformation, resulting in under-machining. Ultimately, this leads to uneven distribution of residual compressive stress on the workpiece surface. In addition, the spring stiffness is a fixed value, making it difficult to adapt to workpieces with different hardness, resulting in poor applicability.

[0004] To address these issues, an integrated device combining ultrasonic rolling and real-time dynamic stress control was designed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main objective of this invention is to provide an integrated device for ultrasonic rolling and real-time dynamic stress control. Through the horizontal sliding cooperation between the mounting block and the sleeve, combined with a dedicated counterweight mechanism consisting of a limiting ring, a counterweight ring, an insert rod, and a support plate, a constant and precisely adjustable static pressure is provided for the rolling process. Furthermore, the gradual change in inner diameter of the limiting ring from top to bottom, and its compatibility with the outer diameter of the counterweight ring, allow for automatic addition or reduction of the counterweight by controlling the rising height of the guide block, eliminating the need for complex manual operation. This solves the problem of over-machining in raised areas and under-machining in recessed areas caused by the linear correlation between the elastic force and deformation of traditional springs, ensuring uniform distribution of residual compressive stress on the workpiece surface, significantly improving the strengthening consistency of ultrasonic rolling, and adapting to complex working conditions with different morphological errors and material hardness. A rotating mechanism composed of a strip groove, slider, rack, and gears synchronously converts the counterweight adjustment action into a nozzle. The flow control valve adjusts its opening to automatically reduce static pressure when machining soft materials, thus reducing processing heat and simultaneously lowering the flow rate of the cooling nozzle to avoid excessive cooling that could affect material properties. When machining hard materials, the static pressure increases and processing heat rises, causing the cooling flow rate to increase simultaneously, promptly removing excess heat and preventing thermal damage to the material. The entire adjustment process requires no manual intervention, achieving a precise match between cooling requirements and machining conditions. This ensures machining quality, improves machining efficiency, and reduces operational complexity. By integrating a fully automatic material handling mechanism consisting of a material tray, support plate, robotic arm, and fixtures on the side of the machine tool, the entire process of workpiece loading, machining, and unloading is automated. This not only significantly reduces labor costs and minimizes the impact of human error on machining accuracy but also adapts to industrial mass production scenarios, improving operational continuity and production efficiency, making it more practical.

[0006] The objective of this invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical solutions: An integrated device for ultrasonic rolling and real-time dynamic stress control includes a machine tool, a horizontal slide table that slides along the length of the machine tool, and a slide block that is slidably mounted on the top of the horizontal slide table; A pad is fixedly installed on the top of the slide block. A sleeve is vertically fixed at the top of the pad block near the machine tool. An installation block is slidably installed inside the sleeve along its length. An ultrasonic transducer is fixedly installed at the end of the installation block near the machine tool. An amplitude transformer is connected to the end of the ultrasonic transducer away from the installation block. A rigid rolling head is fixedly assembled at the end of the amplitude transformer away from the ultrasonic transducer. The end of the sleeve away from the rigid rolling head is vertically fixed to the housing, and the sleeve and the housing are in communication with each other. The end of the mounting block away from the ultrasonic transducer is fixedly installed with guide block one. The housing is vertically slidably arranged with guide block two. Guide block one and guide block two are attached to each other through inclined surfaces to form a sliding linkage. The top of the guide block two is equipped with a counterweight mechanism, which is used to adjust the static pressure at the top of the guide block two, thereby controlling the rolling stress; A nozzle is installed at the top of the sleeve. A flow regulating valve is provided on the nozzle in the machining area away from the rigid rolling head. A rotating mechanism is provided at the top of the sleeve. The rotating mechanism is used to control the rotation opening of the flow regulating valve, and the rotating mechanism is linked with the sliding action of the mounting block. A material handling mechanism is provided on the side of the machine tool away from the slide. The material handling mechanism is used to automatically pick up and place workpieces to be processed and workpieces that have been processed.

[0007] Preferably, the counterweight mechanism includes a limiting ring, a counterweight ring, a rod, and a support plate. The limiting rings are horizontally fixed and spaced apart vertically inside the housing, and the inner diameter of the limiting rings gradually decreases from top to bottom vertically. The rod is vertically fixed at the center of the top of the guide block, and the bottom end of the rod is horizontally fixed with a support plate. There is at least one counterweight ring, which is movably sleeved on the rod and can slide along its axial direction. The outer diameter of the counterweight ring gradually decreases from top to bottom vertically. The counterweight rings are stored on top of the limiting rings. The minimum inner diameter of the limiting ring is greater than the outer diameter of the support plate. The inner diameter of the limiting ring is smaller than the outer diameter of the corresponding top counterweight ring but larger than the outer diameter of the bottom counterweight ring, thereby realizing the limiting and automatic addition and subtraction of the counterweight rings.

[0008] Preferably, the end face of guide block one facing guide block two is a first inclined surface, and the end face of guide block two facing guide block one is a second inclined surface. The inclination angles of the first and second inclined surfaces are the same. A guide roller is uniformly installed on guide block one along the inclined surface direction. When the mounting block slides horizontally, guide block two is driven to rise and fall in the vertical direction through the guide roller.

[0009] Preferably, the rotating mechanism includes a strip groove, a slider, a rack, and a gear. The strip groove is horizontally opened at the top of the sleeve. The slider is slidably embedded in the strip groove and can move along its length. The bottom end of the slider is fixedly connected to the mounting block. The rack is horizontally arranged, with one end fixedly connected to the top end of the slider and the other end extending to one side of the flow regulating valve. The gear is sleeved and fixed to the end of the valve stem of the flow regulating valve, and the gear meshes with the rack for transmission. The mounting block drives the rack to move horizontally, thereby driving the gear to rotate to adjust the opening of the flow regulating valve.

[0010] Preferably, the top of the sleeve and the outer side of the strip groove are uniformly provided with indicator lines to indicate the sliding stroke of the mounting block and the lifting height of the guide block.

[0011] Preferably, the material handling mechanism includes a material tray, a support plate, a robotic arm, and a clamp. The material tray is horizontally fixed at both ends of the side of the machine tool, and the bottom end of the material tray away from the machine tool is vertically fixed with a support plate. The robotic arm is a multi-degree-of-freedom linkage robotic arm, and the robotic arm is located between two sets of material trays. The end of the robotic arm is fixedly connected to the clamp through a flange, which is used to drive the clamp to move between the material tray and the machine tool processing area.

[0012] Preferably, the bottom surface of the material tray is inclined, and the inclined side is tilted away from the robot arm, and the top of the inclined surface is provided with an elastic support pad.

[0013] Preferably, the clamp is a double-jaw pneumatic clamp with a V-shaped jaw and an arc-shaped anti-slip rubber pad on the inner wall of the jaw.

[0014] Preferably, the ultrasonic transducer and the amplitude transformer are fixedly connected by a flange and a high-strength bolt assembly. The end of the amplitude transformer away from the ultrasonic transducer is provided with an external thread section. The mounting end of the rigid rolling head is provided with an internal thread hole that matches the external thread section. The amplitude transformer and the rigid rolling head are detachably connected by threads, and an anti-loosening washer is provided at the threaded connection.

[0015] Preferably, the horizontal slide is a ball screw type slide, including a screw, a guide rail and a screw nut. The bottom of the slide is fixedly connected to the screw nut, and the bottom of the slide is slidably engaged with the guide rail. The horizontal slide is equipped with a servo motor, and the output shaft of the servo motor is connected to one end of the screw through a coupling to drive the slide to move with high precision along the length of the machine tool.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are: The ultrasonic rolling and dynamic stress real-time control integrated device provided by this invention, through the horizontal sliding cooperation of the mounting block and the sleeve, combined with a dedicated counterweight mechanism composed of a limiting ring, a counterweight ring, an insert rod, and a support plate, can provide a constant and precisely adjustable static pressure for the rolling process. In addition, the gradual change in inner diameter of the limiting ring from top to bottom and its compatibility with the outer diameter of the counterweight ring allow for automatic addition or reduction of the counterweight by controlling the rising height of the guide block, eliminating the need for complex manual operation. This solves the problem of over-processing of raised areas and under-processing of recessed areas caused by the linear correlation between the elastic force and deformation of traditional springs, ensuring uniform distribution of residual compressive stress on the workpiece surface, significantly improving the strengthening consistency of ultrasonic rolling, and adapting to complex working conditions with different morphological errors and material hardness. A rotating mechanism consisting of a slot, slider, rack, and gears synchronously converts the counterweight adjustment action into the opening adjustment of the nozzle flow control valve. When machining soft materials, the static pressure is automatically reduced, correspondingly reducing the processing heat, and the cooling nozzle flow rate is reduced accordingly to avoid the impact on material properties caused by over-cooling. When machining hard materials, the static pressure increases and the processing heat rises, and the cooling flow rate is increased accordingly to remove excess heat in time and prevent thermal damage to the material. The entire adjustment process requires no manual intervention, achieving a precise match between cooling requirements and machining conditions, ensuring machining quality, improving machining efficiency, and reducing operational complexity. By integrating a fully automatic material handling mechanism consisting of a material tray, support plate, robotic arm, and fixture on the side of the machine tool, the entire process of workpiece loading, processing, and unloading is automated. This not only significantly reduces labor costs and minimizes the impact of human error on processing accuracy, but also adapts to industrial mass production scenarios, improving operational continuity and production efficiency, making it more practical. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is the front view of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a partial structural diagram of the top of the pad block of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the initial state of the sleeve and the inside of the housing according to the present invention; Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the internal counterweight configuration of the housing in this invention. Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the internal dual-counterweight configuration of the housing in this invention. Figure 6 This is a diagram showing the internal three-weight configuration of the housing in this invention. Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of the guide block of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of the robotic arm of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of the material tray of the present invention.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Machine tool; 2. Horizontal slide; 3. Slide seat; 4. Pad; 5. Sleeve; 6. Mounting block; 7. Ultrasonic transducer; 8. Amplitude transformer; 9. Rigid rolling head; 10. Housing; 11. Guide block one; 12. Guide block two; 13. Counterweight mechanism; 1301. Limiting ring; 1302. Counterweight ring; 1303. Inserting rod; 1304. Support plate; 14. Nozzle; 15. Flow control valve; 16. Rotating mechanism; 1601. Slot; 1602. Slider; 1603. Rack; 1604. Gear; 17. Material handling mechanism; 1701. Material tray; 1702. Support plate; 1703. Robotic arm; 1704. Fixture. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To enable those skilled in the art to more clearly understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0020] Example 1 like Figures 1-9As shown, this embodiment provides an integrated device for ultrasonic rolling and real-time dynamic stress control, including a machine tool 1, a horizontal slide 2 slidably arranged along the length of the machine tool 1, and a slide seat 3 slidably mounted on the top of the horizontal slide 2; A pad 4 is fixedly installed on the top of the slide block 3. A sleeve 5 is vertically fixed at the top of the pad 4 near the machine tool 1. An installation block 6 is slidably arranged inside the sleeve 5 along its length. An ultrasonic transducer 7 is fixedly installed at the end of the installation block 6 near the machine tool 1. An amplitude transformer 8 is connected to the end of the ultrasonic transducer 7 away from the installation block 6. A rigid rolling head 9 is fixedly assembled at the end of the amplitude transformer 8 away from the ultrasonic transducer 7. The end of the sleeve 5 away from the rigid rolling head 9 is vertically fixed to the housing 10. The sleeve 5 and the housing 10 are internally connected. The end of the mounting block 6 away from the ultrasonic transducer 7 is fixedly installed with guide block 11. The housing 10 is vertically slidably arranged with guide block 12. Guide block 11 and guide block 12 are mutually attached by inclined surfaces to form a sliding linkage. The top of the guide block 12 is equipped with a counterweight mechanism 13, which is used to adjust the static pressure at the top of the guide block 12, thereby controlling the rolling stress. A nozzle 14 is installed on the top of the sleeve 5. A flow regulating valve 15 is provided on the nozzle 14 away from the processing area of ​​the rigid rolling head 9. A rotating mechanism 16 is provided on the top of the sleeve 5. The rotating mechanism 16 is used to control the rotation opening of the flow regulating valve 15, and the rotating mechanism 16 is linked with the sliding action of the mounting block 6. A material handling mechanism 17 is provided on the side of the machine tool 1 away from the slide 3. The material handling mechanism 17 is used to automatically pick up and place workpieces to be processed and workpieces that have been processed.

[0021] After the device is started, the loading and unloading mechanism 17 first performs the loading action, which moves the cylindrical workpiece to be processed to the processing area of ​​the machine tool 1 and positions it accurately. Then, the horizontal slide 2 is controlled to move along the length of the machine tool 1 to the initial processing position. Then, the horizontal slide 2 adjusts the position of each component on the top pad 4 of the slide block 3 so that the rigid rolling head 9 contacts the part of the workpiece to be processed. The static pressure is adjusted according to the different materials of the workpiece. After the rigid rolling head 9 contacts the workpiece, the slide 3 continues to move. At this time, the mounting block 6 slides horizontally along the sleeve 5, driving the fixedly connected guide block 11 to move synchronously. The first inclined surface of the guide block 11 contacts the second inclined surface of the guide block 12 through the guide roller, converting the horizontal force into a vertical driving force, pushing the guide block 12 to rise and fall vertically inside the box 10. Using the counterweight mechanism 13 at the top of the guide block 12, a constant and adjustable static pressure is provided according to the material of the workpiece. Even when processing small protruding and concave areas of the workpiece, the static pressure can be kept constant. Meanwhile, when the mounting block 6 slides, the valve stem of the flow regulating valve 15 is rotated by the rotating mechanism 16 to regulate the cooling flow of the nozzle 14. When processing soft materials, the static pressure is low and the processing heat is low, so the opening of the flow regulating valve 15 is reduced and the cooling flow rate is reduced. When processing hard materials, the static pressure is high and the processing heat is high, so the opening of the flow regulating valve 15 is increased and the cooling flow rate is increased, thus preventing thermal damage to the material or excessive cooling from affecting its performance. After adjustment, the ultrasonic transducer 7 converts the input electrical energy into high-frequency ultrasonic vibration. The amplitude transformer 8 receives and amplifies the vibration, and then transmits it to the rigid rolling head 9. Under the action of ultrasonic vibration, the rigid rolling head 9 rolls and strengthens the surface of the workpiece. After processing is completed, the ultrasonic transducer 7 stops working, the horizontal slide 2 drives the slide 3 to reset, and the loading and unloading mechanism 17 removes the processed workpiece from the processing area of ​​the machine tool 1. Then the loading action is repeated to enter the next processing cycle, realizing the fully automated operation of workpiece loading, processing and unloading.

[0022] Example 2 The solution in Example 1 will be further described below with reference to its specific working method. In this embodiment, the counterweight mechanism 13 includes a limiting ring 1301, a counterweight ring 1302, an insert rod 1303, and a support plate 1304. The limiting rings 1301 are horizontally fixed and spaced apart in the vertical direction inside the housing 10, and the inner diameter of the limiting rings 1301 gradually decreases from top to bottom in the vertical direction. The insert rod 1303 is vertically fixed at the center of the top of the guide block 12, and the bottom end of the insert rod 1303 is horizontally fixed with the support plate 1304. The counterweight ring 1302 is provided with at least one Each counterweight ring 1302 is movably sleeved on the insert rod 1303 and can slide along its axial direction. The outer diameter of the counterweight ring 1302 gradually decreases from top to bottom in the vertical direction. The counterweight rings 1302 are respectively stored on the top of the limiting ring 1301. The minimum inner diameter of the limiting ring 1301 is greater than the outer diameter of the support plate 1304. The inner diameter of the limiting ring 1301 is less than the outer diameter of the corresponding top counterweight ring 1302 and greater than the outer diameter of the bottom counterweight ring 1302, so as to realize the limiting and automatic addition and subtraction of the counterweight rings 1302.

[0023] When it is necessary to increase the rolling stress, the mounting block 6 slides towards the housing 10, driving the guide block 11 to move. The guide block 11 pushes the guide block 2 12 upward through the inclined plane and guide roller. The insertion rod 1303 at the top of the guide block 2 12 rises synchronously. The support plate 1304 at the bottom of the insertion rod 1303 contacts the counterweight ring 1302 below and lifts it up. As the guide block 2 12 continues to rise, the support plate 1304 can continue to lift the counterweight ring 1302 above, realizing the automatic increase of the counterweight, thereby increasing the reaction force of the guide block 2 12 on the guide block 11, and finally increasing the rolling stress.

[0024] When it is necessary to reduce the rolling stress, the mounting block 6 slides in the opposite direction away from the housing 10, and the guide block 11 moves in the opposite direction at the same time. The guide block 2 12 descends under its own weight and the weight of the counterweight ring 1302. The counterweight ring 1302 driven by the support plate 1304 falls down accordingly. Since the inner diameter of the limiting ring 1301 gradually decreases from top to bottom, the counterweight ring 1302 with a larger outer diameter first contacts and is supported by the lower limiting ring 1301 with a smaller inner diameter, and then separates from the support plate 1304. It no longer applies pressure to the guide block 2 12, realizing the automatic reduction of the counterweight, thereby reducing the rolling stress. Through this process, the counterweight can be precisely adjusted without manual operation, providing a constant static pressure that is suitable for the working conditions during the rolling process.

[0025] In this embodiment, the end face of guide block 11 facing guide block 2 12 is a first inclined surface, and the end face of guide block 2 12 facing guide block 11 is a second inclined surface. The inclination angles of the first and second inclined surfaces are the same. Guide rollers are uniformly mounted on guide block 11 along the inclined surface direction. When the mounting block 6 slides horizontally, guide block 2 12 is driven to rise and fall in the vertical direction through the guide rollers.

[0026] When the mounting block 6 slides horizontally along the inside of the sleeve 5, it drives the fixedly connected guide block 11 to move horizontally in sync. The first inclined surface of the guide block 11 is in close contact with the second inclined surface of the guide block 12 through the guide roller. The horizontal driving force is converted into the vertical driving force through the force decomposition of the inclined surface, which pushes the guide block 12 to rise and fall smoothly in the vertical direction inside the box 10. Through this inclined surface linkage structure, the precise linkage between the horizontal sliding of the mounting block 6 and the vertical rising and falling of the guide block 12 is realized, providing a stable power transmission path for the counterweight adjustment of the counterweight mechanism 13.

[0027] In this embodiment, the rotating mechanism 16 includes a strip groove 1601, a slider 1602, a rack 1603, and a gear 1604. The strip groove 1601 is horizontally opened at the top of the sleeve 5. The slider 1602 is slidably embedded in the strip groove 1601 and can move along its length. The bottom end of the slider 1602 is fixedly connected to the mounting block 6. The rack 1603 is horizontally arranged, with one end fixedly connected to the top end of the slider 1602 and the other end extending to one side of the flow regulating valve 15. The gear 1604 is sleeved and fixed to the valve stem end of the flow regulating valve 15, and the gear 1604 meshes with the rack 1603 for transmission. The mounting block 6 drives the rack 1603 to move horizontally, thereby driving the gear 1604 to rotate to adjust the opening of the flow regulating valve 15.

[0028] When the mounting block 6 slides horizontally along the sleeve 5, it drives the slider 1602 to move horizontally synchronously along the strip groove 1601. The slider 1602 drives the rack 1603 to make horizontal linear motion. Since the rack 1603 meshes with the gear 1604, the horizontal linear motion of the rack 1603 is converted into the rotational motion of the gear 1604. The gear 1604 drives the valve stem of the flow regulating valve 15 to rotate synchronously, thereby changing the opening degree of the flow regulating valve 15.

[0029] The mechanism links the sliding motion of the mounting block 6 with the opening adjustment of the flow regulating valve 15, so that the adjustment of cooling flow and the control of rolling stress are carried out simultaneously without the need for additional manual operation. This achieves a precise match between cooling demand and processing conditions, ensuring processing quality and improving processing efficiency.

[0030] In this embodiment, the top of the sleeve 5 and the outer side of the strip groove 1601 are uniformly provided with indicator lines to indicate the sliding stroke of the mounting block 6 and the lifting height of the guide block 12.

[0031] When the slider 1602 moves along the groove 1601 with the mounting block 6, the operator can intuitively judge the current sliding stroke of the mounting block 6 by observing the indicator lines aligned with the edge of the slider 1602. The operator can also indicate the lifting height of the guide block 12, thereby knowing the increase or decrease in the number of counterweight rings 1302 in the counterweight mechanism 13 and the opening degree of the flow regulating valve 15 driven by the rotating mechanism 16. The indicator lines provide the operator with a visual reference, which facilitates precise control of the device's operating parameters and improves the controllability of the processing process.

[0032] In this embodiment, the material handling mechanism 17 includes a material tray 1701, a support plate 1702, a robotic arm 1703, and a clamp 1704. The material tray 1701 is horizontally fixed at both ends of the side of the machine tool 1. The bottom end of the material tray 1701 away from the machine tool 1 is vertically fixed with the support plate 1702. The robotic arm 1703 is a multi-degree-of-freedom linkage robotic arm, and the robotic arm 1703 is located between two sets of material trays 1701. The end of the robotic arm 1703 is fixedly connected to the clamp 1704 through a flange, which is used to drive the clamp 1704 to move between the material tray 1701 and the processing area of ​​the machine tool 1.

[0033] The workpiece to be processed is placed on a side tray 1701. The robotic arm 1703 moves to the workpiece according to a preset program, and the clamp 1704 picks up the workpiece. Then, the robotic arm 1703 moves the workpiece to the processing area of ​​the machine tool 1 to complete the loading. After the workpiece is processed, the robotic arm 1703 moves to the processing area, the fixture 1704 releases and clamps the processed workpiece, and transfers it to the material tray 1701 on the other side to complete the unloading. Through this process, the workpiece picking and placing is automated, which greatly reduces labor costs, reduces human operation errors, and is suitable for industrial mass production.

[0034] In this embodiment, the bottom surface of the material tray 1701 is all inclined, and the inclined side is tilted away from the robotic arm 1703. The top of the inclined surface is provided with an elastic support pad.

[0035] The bottom surface of the material tray 1701 is an inclined surface that is sloping away from the robotic arm 1703. Under the action of gravity, the workpiece is automatically positioned towards the side closer to the robotic arm 1703, which makes it easy for the fixture 1704 to grasp it accurately. The elastic support pad at the top of the inclined surface plays a buffering and protective role for the workpiece, avoiding hard contact between the workpiece and the material tray 1701 and causing surface damage.

[0036] In this embodiment, the clamp 1704 is a double-jaw pneumatic clamp with a V-shaped jaw and an arc-shaped anti-slip rubber pad on the inner wall of the jaw.

[0037] The workpiece is clamped by a V-shaped jaw, which is suitable for cylindrical workpieces of different diameters. This ensures that the center of the workpiece is aligned during clamping. The arc-shaped anti-slip rubber pad on the inside of the jaw increases the friction with the workpiece, preventing the workpiece from slipping and avoiding excessive clamping pressure that could damage the workpiece surface.

[0038] In this embodiment, the ultrasonic transducer 7 and the amplitude transformer 8 are fixedly connected by a flange and a high-strength bolt assembly. The end of the amplitude transformer 8 away from the ultrasonic transducer 7 is provided with an external thread section. The mounting end of the rigid rolling head 9 is provided with an internal thread hole that matches the external thread section. The amplitude transformer 8 and the rigid rolling head 9 are detachably connected by threads, and an anti-loosening washer is provided at the threaded connection.

[0039] The ultrasonic transducer 7 converts externally input electrical energy into high-frequency mechanical vibration. This vibration is transmitted to the amplitude transformer 8, which amplifies the vibration amplitude through its own structural design. The amplified high-frequency vibration is then transmitted to the rigid rolling head 9. Under the combined action of ultrasonic vibration and static pressure provided by the counterweight mechanism 13, the rigid rolling head 9 rolls and strengthens the workpiece surface, causing plastic deformation on the workpiece surface and forming a uniform residual compressive stress layer, thereby improving the surface hardness, wear resistance, and fatigue strength of the workpiece.

[0040] In this embodiment, the horizontal slide 2 is a ball screw type slide, including a screw, a guide rail and a screw nut. The bottom of the slide 3 is fixedly connected to the screw nut, and the bottom of the slide 3 is slidably engaged with the guide rail. The horizontal slide 2 is equipped with a servo motor. The output shaft of the servo motor is connected to one end of the screw through a coupling, which is used to drive the slide 3 to move with high precision along the length of the machine tool 1.

[0041] The servo motor starts upon receiving a control signal, and its output shaft is connected to one end of the lead screw via a coupling, driving the lead screw to rotate around its own axis. Since the lead screw and lead screw nut are threadedly engaged, the rotational motion of the lead screw is converted into the linear motion of the lead screw nut, which in turn drives the slide 3, which is fixedly connected to the lead screw nut, to move smoothly along the guide rail. The servo motor has high-precision control characteristics, allowing precise adjustment of the lead screw's rotation angle and speed, thereby achieving high-precision positioning and speed adjustment of the slide 3 along the length of the machine tool 1. This ensures that the rigid rolling head 9 can accurately align with the workpiece to be processed, guaranteeing the processing accuracy and quality of ultrasonic rolling.

[0042] Example 3 The solutions in Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2 will be further described below with reference to their specific working methods. Before the device is put into operation, the operator presets the movement parameters of the horizontal slide table 2 and the vibration parameters of the ultrasonic transducer 7 according to the processing requirements such as the material hardness and surface morphology error of the workpiece. The operator also determines the initial counterweight state of the counterweight mechanism 13 by setting the initial height of the preset guide block 2 12. The workpieces to be processed are placed in batches on the material tray 1701 on one side of the material pick-and-place mechanism 17. The inclined surface of the material tray 1701 limits the sequential positioning of the workpieces, and the elastic support pad protects the workpieces.

[0043] After the device is started, it first enters the loading process. The multi-degree-of-freedom linkage robotic arm 1703 of the picking and unloading mechanism 17 starts according to the preset program, driving the end clamp 1704 to move to the material tray 1701 where the workpiece to be processed is located. The double-jaw pneumatic jaws of the clamp 1704 clamp the workpiece with air, the V-shaped jaw ensures that the center of the workpiece is aligned, and the arc-shaped anti-slip rubber pad enhances the clamping stability and avoids the workpiece from slipping or being damaged. The robotic arm 1703 drives the clamped workpiece to the processing area of ​​the machine tool 1 and accurately places the workpiece in the designated processing position to complete the loading.

[0044] After the material is loaded, the horizontal slide 2 is started, the servo motor drives the lead screw to rotate, and the slide 3 moves along the guide rail. The position of the pad 4, sleeve 5, mounting block 6 and other components on the top of the slide 3 is adjusted so that the rigid rolling head 9 is accurately aligned with the part of the workpiece to be processed, and the processing position is accurately positioned.

[0045] After the processing point is aligned, the slide block 3 continues to move. At this time, the mounting block 6 slides horizontally along the sleeve 5, driving the guide block 11 to move. The guide block 11 pushes the guide block 2 12 up and down through the inclined plane and guide roller. The counterweight mechanism 13 at the top of the guide block 2 12 increases or decreases the counterweight ring 1302 to provide a constant and suitable static pressure for the rolling process. When there are small protrusions or depressions on the surface of the workpiece, the lifting amplitude of the guide block 2 12 is small and insufficient to increase or decrease the counterweight ring 1302. Therefore, the static pressure can be kept constant, the under-processing can be avoided, and the residual compressive stress on the surface of the workpiece can be evenly distributed.

[0046] Simultaneously, when the mounting block 6 slides, it drives the slider 1602 to move along the strip groove 1601. The slider 1602 drives the rack 1603 to move. The gear 1604 meshing with the rack 1603 drives the flow regulating valve 15 to rotate, adjusting the cooling flow of the nozzle 14. When processing soft materials, the static pressure is small and the processing heat is low, so the opening of the flow regulating valve 15 is reduced, and the cooling flow rate is reduced to avoid excessive cooling affecting the material properties. When processing hard materials, the static pressure is large and the processing heat is high, so the opening of the flow regulating valve 15 is increased, and the cooling flow rate is increased to remove excess heat in time and prevent thermal damage to the material. The indicator lines on the top of the sleeve 5 can indicate the stroke of the mounting block 6 and the lifting height of the guide block 12 in real time, which is convenient for operators to monitor and fine-tune.

[0047] Subsequently, the ultrasonic rolling system is started. The ultrasonic transducer 7 converts electrical energy into high-frequency ultrasonic vibration, which is amplified by the amplitude transformer 8 and transmitted to the rigid rolling head 9. The rigid rolling head 9 then begins to roll and strengthen the surface of the workpiece.

[0048] After the rolling process is completed, the ultrasonic transducer 7 stops working, the horizontal slide 2 drives the slide 3 to reset, and the robotic arm 1703 and the clamp 1704 of the loading and unloading mechanism 17 move again to remove the processed workpiece from the processing area of ​​the machine tool 1 and transfer it to the other side of the material tray 1701 to complete the unloading. Then the robotic arm 1703 returns to the material tray 1701 where the workpiece to be processed is located, grabs the next workpiece to be processed, and repeats the above steps to realize the fully automated batch processing of workpieces, which greatly improves production efficiency and processing quality, and reduces labor costs and operational complexity.

[0049] The above description is merely a further embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and concept of the present invention, shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated device for ultrasonic rolling and real-time dynamic stress control, comprising a machine tool (1), a horizontal slide (2) slidably arranged along the length of the machine tool (1), and a slide seat (3) slidably mounted on the top of the horizontal slide (2); Its features : A pad (4) is fixedly installed on the top of the slide (3). A sleeve (5) is vertically fixed on the top of the pad (4) near the machine tool (1). An installation block (6) is slidably arranged inside the sleeve (5) along its length. An ultrasonic transducer (7) is fixedly installed on the end of the installation block (6) near the machine tool (1). An amplitude transformer (8) is connected to the end of the ultrasonic transducer (7) away from the installation block (6). A rigid rolling head (9) is fixedly assembled on the end of the amplitude transformer (8) away from the ultrasonic transducer (7). A housing (10) is vertically fixed at the end of the sleeve (5) away from the rigid rolling head (9). The sleeve (5) and the housing (10) are internally connected. A guide block (11) is fixedly installed at the end of the mounting block (6) away from the ultrasonic transducer (7). A guide block (12) is vertically slidably arranged inside the housing (10). The guide block (11) and the guide block (12) are attached to each other through the inclined surface to form a sliding linkage. The top of the guide block 2 (12) is equipped with a counterweight mechanism (13), which is used to adjust the static pressure at the top of the guide block 2 (12) and thus control the rolling stress; A nozzle (14) is installed on the top of the sleeve (5). A flow regulating valve (15) is provided on the processing area of ​​the nozzle (14) away from the rigid rolling head (9). A rotating mechanism (16) is provided on the top of the sleeve (5). The rotating mechanism (16) is used to control the rotation opening of the flow regulating valve (15), and the rotating mechanism (16) is linked with the sliding action of the mounting block (6). A material handling mechanism (17) is provided on the side of the machine tool (1) away from the slide (3). The material handling mechanism (17) is used to automatically pick up and place workpieces to be processed and workpieces that have been processed.

2. The integrated device for ultrasonic rolling and real-time dynamic stress control according to claim 1, characterized in that... The counterweight mechanism (13) includes a limiting ring (1301), a counterweight ring (1302), a plug rod (1303), and a support plate (1304). The limiting rings (1301) are vertically spaced and horizontally fixed inside the housing (10), and the inner diameter of the limiting rings (1301) gradually decreases from top to bottom in the vertical direction. The plug rod (1303) is vertically fixed at the center of the top of the guide block (12), and the bottom end of the plug rod (1303) is horizontally fixed with a support plate (1304). The counterweight ring (1302) is provided with at least one Each counterweight ring (1302) is movably sleeved on the insert rod (1303) and can slide along its axial direction. The outer diameter of the counterweight ring (1302) gradually decreases from top to bottom in the vertical direction. The counterweight rings (1302) are respectively stored on the top of the limiting ring (1301). The minimum inner diameter of the limiting ring (1301) is greater than the outer diameter of the support plate (1304). The inner diameter of the limiting ring (1301) is less than the outer diameter of the corresponding top counterweight ring (1302) and greater than the outer diameter of the bottom counterweight ring (1302), so as to realize the limiting and automatic addition and subtraction of the counterweight ring (1302).

3. The integrated device for ultrasonic rolling and real-time dynamic stress control according to claim 1, characterized in that... The end face of guide block 1 (11) facing guide block 2 (12) is the first inclined surface, and the end face of guide block 2 (12) facing guide block 1 (11) is the second inclined surface. The inclination angles of the first and second inclined surfaces are the same. Guide rollers are uniformly installed on guide block 1 (11) along the inclined surface direction. When the mounting block (6) slides horizontally, guide block 2 (12) is driven to rise and fall in the vertical direction through the guide rollers.

4. The integrated device for ultrasonic rolling and real-time dynamic stress control according to claim 1, characterized in that... The rotating mechanism (16) includes a strip groove (1601), a slider (1602), a rack (1603), and a gear (1604). The strip groove (1601) is opened horizontally at the top of the sleeve (5). The slider (1602) is slidably embedded in the strip groove (1601) and can move along its length. The bottom end of the slider (1602) is fixedly connected to the mounting block (6). The rack (1603) is arranged horizontally, with one end fixedly connected to the top end of the slider (1602) and the other end extending to one side of the flow regulating valve (15). The gear (1604) is sleeved and fixed to the end of the valve stem of the flow regulating valve (15). The gear (1604) meshes with the rack (1603) for transmission. The mounting block (6) drives the rack (1603) to move horizontally, thereby driving the gear (1604) to rotate to adjust the opening of the flow regulating valve (15).

5. The integrated device for ultrasonic rolling and real-time dynamic stress control according to claim 4, characterized in that... Indicator lines are evenly provided on the top of the sleeve (5) and on the outside of the strip groove (1601) to indicate the sliding stroke of the mounting block (6) and the lifting height of the guide block (12).

6. The integrated device for ultrasonic rolling and real-time dynamic stress control according to claim 1, characterized in that... The material handling mechanism (17) includes a material tray (1701), a support plate (1702), a robotic arm (1703), and a fixture (1704). The material tray (1701) is horizontally fixed at both ends of the side of the machine tool (1). The bottom of the material tray (1701) away from the machine tool (1) is vertically fixed with a support plate (1702). The robotic arm (1703) is a multi-degree-of-freedom linkage robotic arm, and the robotic arm (1703) is located between two sets of material trays (1701). The end of the robotic arm (1703) is fixedly connected to the fixture (1704) through a flange, which is used to drive the fixture (1704) to move between the material tray (1701) and the processing area of ​​the machine tool (1).

7. The integrated device for ultrasonic rolling and real-time dynamic stress control according to claim 6, characterized in that... The bottom surface of the material tray (1701) is all inclined, and the inclined side is inclined away from the robotic arm (1703). The top of the inclined surface is provided with an elastic support pad.

8. The integrated device for ultrasonic rolling and real-time dynamic stress control according to claim 6, characterized in that... The clamp (1704) is a double-jaw pneumatic clamp with a V-shaped jaw and an arc-shaped anti-slip rubber pad on the inner wall of the jaw.

9. The integrated device for ultrasonic rolling and real-time dynamic stress control according to claim 1, characterized in that... The ultrasonic transducer (7) and the amplitude rod (8) are fixedly connected by a flange and a high-strength bolt assembly. The end of the amplitude rod (8) away from the ultrasonic transducer (7) is provided with an external thread section. The mounting end of the rigid rolling head (9) is provided with an internal thread hole that matches the external thread section. The amplitude rod (8) and the rigid rolling head (9) are detachably connected by threads, and an anti-loosening washer is provided at the thread connection.

10. The integrated device for ultrasonic rolling and real-time dynamic stress control according to claim 1, characterized in that... The horizontal slide (2) is a ball screw type slide, including a screw, a guide rail and a screw nut. The bottom of the slide (3) is fixedly connected to the screw nut, and the bottom of the slide (3) slides in cooperation with the guide rail. The horizontal slide (2) is equipped with a servo motor. The output shaft of the servo motor is connected to one end of the screw through a coupling to drive the slide (3) to move with high precision along the length of the machine tool (1).

Images