Wheelset press-fitting and removing machine and method

Abstract

The application relates to a wheel set press-fitting and demounting machine and a method. The wheel set press-fitting and demounting machine comprises a rack, two press-fitting and demounting mechanisms, two groups of wheel blocking members and a brake disc limiting mechanism. The rack is formed with a placing space, and the placing space is provided with a first centering line, a second centering line and a third centering line which are perpendicular to each other. The two press-fitting and demounting mechanisms are fixed on the two sides of the rack based on the second centering line. The two groups of wheel blocking members are fixed on the rack based on the second centering line, and are arranged at intervals from the two press-fitting and demounting mechanisms along the extension direction of the third centering line, and the wheel blocking members are configured to abut against and limit the corresponding wheels. The brake disc limiting mechanism comprises a limiting baffle, and the limiting baffle is configured to be located on one side of the brake disc along the extension direction of the third centering line, and is used for limiting the movement of the brake disc. The wheel set press-fitting and demounting machine according to the application has the functions of press-fitting and demounting of the wheels and the brake disc, and has high working efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of rail transit technology, and in particular to a wheelset pressing and unloading machine and method. Background Technology

[0002] In the production process of wheelsets for rail vehicles (such as subways, bullet trains, high-speed trains, etc.), the wheels and / or brake discs need to be pressed and fixed to the axle to form wheelsets. In addition, during the replacement of wheels and / or brake discs, the wheels and / or brake discs need to be removed from the axle by unloading.

[0003] As the market demand for rail vehicles increases, the demand for wheelset production also increases, making wheelset production efficiency particularly important. In addition, as the frequency of rail vehicle use increases, the frequency of wheelset maintenance also increases. In order to shorten the time for pressing and unloading wheelsets, higher requirements are placed on the efficiency of pressing and unloading wheelsets. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a wheelset pressing and unloading machine to address the efficiency issues of wheelset pressing and unloading.

[0005] A wheelset loading and unloading machine includes:

[0006] The rack forms a placement space, which has a first pair of center lines, a second pair of center lines, and a third pair of center lines that are perpendicular to each other.

[0007] Two pressing and unloading mechanisms are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the frame based on the second pair of center lines. The pressing and unloading mechanisms are configured to clamp the wheel axle in the placement space and are also configured to drive the wheel axle to move and drive the corresponding wheel to press onto the wheel axle.

[0008] Two sets of wheel stops are symmetrically fixed to the frame based on the second pair of centerlines. Along the extension direction of the third pair of centerlines, the two sets of wheel stops are respectively spaced apart from the two pressing and unloading mechanisms. The wheel stops are configured to abut and limit the corresponding wheels.

[0009] The brake disc limiting mechanism includes a limiting baffle, which is configured to be located on one side of the brake disc along the extension direction of the third pair of center lines, and the limiting baffle is used to restrict the movement of the brake disc.

[0010] In one embodiment, the wheel stop includes two wheel stops that are symmetrically fixed to both sides of the frame based on a third pair of centerlines and spaced apart along the extension direction of the second pair of centerlines to jointly define a wheel axle clearance space within the placement space, the wheel axle clearance space being used to avoid the wheel axle.

[0011] In one embodiment, the wheel stop includes a mounting portion, a limiting portion, and a structural reinforcement portion, wherein the mounting portion and the limiting portion are vertically connected, and the structural reinforcement portion is connected between the mounting portion and the limiting portion.

[0012] In one embodiment, the limiting part is formed with a wheel side contact surface, the wheel side contact surface is a plane, and the wheel side contact surface is configured to face the corresponding pressing and unloading mechanism along the extension direction of the third pair of center lines.

[0013] The structural reinforcement has an arc-shaped force-dispersing surface that connects the mounting part and the limiting part, and the wheel side contact surface is configured to face the corresponding press-fitting and unloading mechanism along the extension direction of the third pair of center lines.

[0014] In one embodiment, the force dispersing surface includes a rim contact surface, a dispersing surface, and a connecting plane, wherein the dispersing surface connects the rim contact surface and the connecting plane, and the rim contact surface is also connected to the wheel side contact surface, and the shape of the rim contact surface is configured to adapt to the shape of the wheel rim.

[0015] In one embodiment, the frame includes a first transverse frame and a second transverse frame symmetrically arranged based on a third pair of centerlines. Both the first transverse frame and the second transverse frame have mounting slots. The mounting slots located on the first transverse frame and the mounting slots located on the second transverse frame are symmetrically arranged based on a third pair of centerlines. Two wheel stops in the wheel stop are respectively mounted in the two mounting slots.

[0016] In one embodiment, along the extension direction of the third pair of centerlines, the assembly groove has opposing first groove surfaces and second groove surfaces, the first groove surface facing the adjacent press-fitting and unloading mechanism, and the wheel stop abutting against the first groove surface.

[0017] In one embodiment, at least one side of the assembly groove has a groove opening along the extension direction of the first pair of centerlines.

[0018] In one embodiment, the brake disc limiting mechanism includes a first sliding member, a second sliding member, and a limiting baffle; wherein...

[0019] Along the extension direction of the first pair of center lines, the first slider is mounted on one side of the frame, and the first slider is configured to move along the extension direction of the third pair of center lines.

[0020] The second slider is assembled to the first slider, and the second slider is configured to move relative to the first slider along the extension direction of the first center line;

[0021] The limiting baffle is fixed to the second sliding member and is configured to move with the second sliding member to move into and out of the placement space.

[0022] In one embodiment, the limiting baffle is formed with a clearance notch, which is configured to avoid a wheel axle.

[0023] In one embodiment, the press-fitting and unloading mechanism includes a clamping shaft and a push ring, the push ring being sleeved on the clamping shaft, and both the clamping shaft and the push ring being configured to extend and retract along the extension direction of a third pair of center lines; wherein...

[0024] The two clamping shafts are configured to clamp the two ends of the wheel axle respectively, and can also be configured to drive the wheel axle to move;

[0025] The two push rings are respectively configured to drive the corresponding wheels and press-fit them onto the axle.

[0026] The aforementioned wheelset pressing and unloading machine possesses both wheel pressing and unloading functions, as well as brake disc pressing and unloading functions, achieving multi-functionality. This allows a single machine to complete the pressing and unloading operations for both the wheels and brake discs of an entire wheelset. When both the wheels and brake discs of a wheelset require pressing or unloading, there is no need to change machines to handle wheel pressing or unloading separately from brake disc pressing or unloading, thus improving efficiency. Furthermore, since wheelset pressing and unloading machines are required to press the wheels or brake discs back onto the axle after removal during wheelset maintenance, their simultaneous wheel and brake disc pressing and unloading capabilities result in high utilization rates for wheelset maintenance. This effectively reduces the average operating cost of the wheelset pressing and unloading machine, thereby lowering overall wheelset maintenance costs. It should also be noted that, due to the two sets of wheel stops, during the wheel pressing process, the wheel stops can be engaged with the wheel stops when the wheel pressing is completed, which can also ensure the pressing accuracy of the wheel. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of a wheelset pressing and unloading machine according to an embodiment of this application.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a perspective view of a wheelset pressing and unloading machine according to an embodiment of this application.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a front view of a wheelset pressing and unloading machine according to an embodiment of this application.

[0030] Figure 4 This is a right view of a wheelset pressing and unloading machine according to an embodiment of this application.

[0031] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Cross-sectional view at point AA.

[0032] Figure 6 for Figure 5Enlarged view of point B in the middle.

[0033] Figure 7 This is a schematic flowchart of a wheel pressing method according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0034] Figure 8 This is a schematic flowchart of a wheel removal method according to an embodiment of this application.

[0035] Icon labels:

[0036] 1. Frame; 10. Placement space; 101. First pair of center lines; 102. Second pair of center lines; 103. Third pair of center lines; 11. First transverse frame; 12. Second transverse frame; 13. Assembly slot; 13a. First slot surface; 13b. Second slot surface;

[0037] 2. Press-fitting and unloading mechanism; 21. Clamping shaft; 22. Push ring;

[0038] 3. Wheel stop; 30. Wheel stop block; 31. Mounting part; 32. Limiting part; 33. Structural reinforcement part; 321. Wheel side contact surface; 331. Force dispersing surface; 33a. Wheel flange contact surface; 33b. Dispersing curved surface; 33c. Connecting plane;

[0039] 4. Brake disc limiting mechanism; 41. Limiting baffle; 41a. Clearance notch; 42. First sliding member; 43. Second sliding member;

[0040] 201. Axle; 202. Wheel; 203. Brake disc. Detailed Implementation

[0041] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0042] In the description of this application, it should be understood that if terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" appear, these terms indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0043] Furthermore, where the terms "first" and "second" appear, these terms are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, where the term "multiple" appears, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0044] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0045] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the use of descriptions such as "above" or "below" the second feature indicates that the first and second features are in direct contact or indirect contact via an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. Similarly, "below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0046] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. If an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. If so, the terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this application are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0047] See Figures 1 to 5 As shown, an embodiment of this application provides a wheelset pressing and unloading machine. The wheelset pressing and unloading machine is used to press and unload the wheels 202 and brake disc 203 of the wheelset onto and unload the wheelset axle 201. The wheelset includes axle 201, wheels 202 respectively installed at both ends of axle 201, and brake disc 203 between the two wheels 202.

[0048] The wheelset pressing and unloading machine includes a frame 1, two pressing and unloading mechanisms 2, two sets of wheel stops 3, and a brake disc limiting mechanism 4. The frame 1 forms a placement space 10, which has a first pair of centerlines 101, a second pair of centerlines 102, and a third pair of centerlines 103 that are perpendicular to each other. The two pressing and unloading mechanisms 2 are symmetrically fixed to both sides of the frame 1 based on the second pair of centerlines 102. Each pressing and unloading mechanism 2 is configured to clamp axles 201 within the placement space 10, and is also configured to drive the axles 201 to move and drive the corresponding wheels 202 to press against the axles 201. The two sets of wheel stops 3 are symmetrically fixed to the frame 1 based on the second pair of centerlines 102. Along the extension direction of the third pair of centerlines 103, the two sets of wheel stops 3 are spaced apart from the two pressing and unloading mechanisms 2, and are configured to abut and limit the corresponding wheels 202. The brake disc limiting mechanism 4 includes a limiting baffle 41. Along the extension direction of the third pair of center lines 103, the limiting baffle 41 is configured to be located on one side of the brake disc 203. The limiting baffle 41 is used to restrict the movement of the brake disc 203.

[0049] Two pressing and unloading mechanisms 2 clamp and fix the wheel axle 201 within the placement space 10. The pressing and unloading mechanisms 2 drive the corresponding wheel 202 to move relative to the wheel axle 201, thus achieving the pressing effect of the wheel 202. A wheel stop 3, positioned on one side of the wheel 202 along the extension direction of the second pair of centerlines 102, limits the wheel 202. The pressing and unloading mechanism 2 drives the wheel axle 201 to move, causing the wheel 202 to move relative to the wheel axle 201, thereby achieving the unloading effect of the wheel 202. A limiting baffle 41, positioned on one side of the brake disc 203 along the extension direction of the second pair of centerlines 102, limits the brake disc 203. The pressing and unloading mechanism 2 drives the wheel axle 201 to move, causing the brake disc 203 to move relative to the wheel axle 201, thereby achieving the pressing effect of the brake disc 203. Additionally, the limiting baffle 41 is located on the other side of the brake disc 203 in the extension direction of the second centerline 102 to limit the brake disc 203, thereby achieving the effect of unloading the brake disc 203. Thus, the wheelset pressing and unloading machine according to this application simultaneously performs the pressing and unloading functions of the wheel 202 and brake disc 203, realizing the multi-functionality of the wheelset pressing and unloading machine. This allows the pressing and unloading operations of the wheel 202 and brake disc 203 of one wheelset to be completed in one machine without the need to change machines, thus improving efficiency.

[0050] For example, see Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the wheelset pressing and unloading machine has mutually perpendicular X, Y and Z directions, where the X direction can be the length direction of the wheelset pressing and unloading machine, the Y direction can be the width direction of the wheelset pressing and unloading machine, and the Z direction can be the height direction of the wheelset pressing and unloading machine.

[0051] See Figure 4 As shown, the first pair of center lines 101 intersects the midpoints of the length, width, and height of the placement space 10, and the first pair of center lines 101 are parallel to the Y direction. (See reference...) Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, the second pair of center lines 102 intersects the midpoints of the length, width, and height of the placement space 10, and the second pair of center lines 102 is parallel to the Z direction. The third pair of center lines 103 intersects the midpoints of the length, width, and height of the placement space 10, and the third pair of center lines 103 is parallel to the X direction.

[0052] Two press-fitting and unloading mechanisms 2 are symmetrically fixed to both sides of the frame 1 based on the second pair of center lines 102. Alternatively, one press-fitting and unloading mechanism 2 can be fixed to the left side of the frame 1, and the other to the right side, with both mechanisms extending along the third pair of center lines 103. The press-fitting and unloading mechanisms 2 are configured to clamp the axle 201 within the placement space 10, such that the axis of the axle 201 coincides with the third pair of center lines 103, allowing the two mechanisms to cooperate in driving the axle 201 to move along the third pair of center lines 103. For example, when the two mechanisms clamp the axle 201 within the placement space 10, the left-side mechanism extends, while the right-side mechanism retracts simultaneously, allowing both mechanisms to cooperate in driving the axle 201 to move to the right along the third pair of center lines 103. Similarly, when the pressing and unloading mechanism 2 on the left retracts, the pressing and unloading mechanism 2 on the right extends synchronously, so that the two pressing and unloading mechanisms 2 work together to drive the wheel axle 201 to move to the left along the third pair of center lines 103.

[0053] See also Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, the pressing and unloading mechanism 2 located on the left can be used to drive the wheel 202 pre-installed on the left side of the axle 201 to move relative to the axle 201, thereby pressing the left wheel 202 onto the axle 201. The pressing and unloading mechanism 2 located on the right side can be used to drive the wheel 202 pre-installed on the right side of the axle 201 to move relative to the axle 201, thereby pressing the right wheel 202 onto the axle 201.

[0054] See Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, based on the second pair of centerlines 102, one of the two wheel stops 3 is located to the left of the second pair of centerlines 102, and the other is located to the right of the second pair of centerlines 102, and the two wheel stops 3 are symmetrically arranged based on the second pair of centerlines 102. Furthermore, along the extending direction of the third pair of centerlines 103, the left wheel stop 3 is located to the right of the left pressing and unloading mechanism 2, and the right wheel stop 3 is located to the left of the right pressing and unloading mechanism 2. The corresponding wheel stops 3 and pressing and unloading mechanisms 2 form a wheel space, and the wheel 202 is located within the wheel space.

[0055] In the extension direction along the third pair of centerlines 103, the position of the wheel stop 3 relative to the corresponding pressing and unloading machine can be set according to the position of the wheel 202 when it is pressed into the axle 201. For example, during the process of the left pressing and unloading machine driving the left wheel 202 to press into the axle 201, the left pressing and unloading machine drives the left wheel 202 to move to the right along the axial direction of the axle 201 (that is, the left wheel 202 moves to the right in the wheel space on the left). When the left wheel 202 comes into contact with the left wheel stop 3, the left wheel 202 has just reached the position when the pressing is completed. In this way, during the pressing process of the wheel 202, when the wheel 202 is pressed into place, the wheel 202 comes into contact with the wheel stop 3, thereby restricting the movement of the wheel 202 and ensuring the pressing accuracy of the wheel 202.

[0056] Furthermore, during the unloading of the left wheel 202, the two pressing and unloading mechanisms 2 can cooperate to drive the axle 201 to move to the right along the extension direction of the third pair of center lines 103. The left wheel 202 abuts against the left wheel stop 3. As the axle 201 moves to the right, the left wheel stop 3 restricts the left wheel 202 from moving to the right along with the axle 201, thus achieving relative movement between the left wheel 202 and the axle 201 in the extension direction of the third pair of center lines 103 (i.e., the left wheel 202 remains stationary in the left wheel space), thereby achieving the unloading effect of the left wheel 202. It should be noted that the above examples only illustrate the pressing and unloading process of the left wheel 202. The pressing and unloading processes of the right wheel 202 are similar and will not be repeated here.

[0057] It should also be noted that, due to the presence of two sets of wheel stops 3 and the action of two pressing and unloading mechanisms 2, for the pressing of wheels 202 of a wheelset, both wheels 202 can be pressed simultaneously, or the pressing of one wheel 202 can begin directly after the pressing of the other wheel 202 is completed. Furthermore, for the unloading of wheels 202 of a wheelset, after the unloading of one wheel 202 is completed, the unloading of the other wheel 202 can begin directly by changing the direction of movement of the axle 201 along the extension direction of the third centerline 103. Therefore, the wheelset pressing and unloading machine according to this application has the advantage of high efficiency.

[0058] See Figure 4 As shown, along the extension direction of the first pair of center lines 101, the placement space 10 may have a first opening and a second opening. The first opening is located on the front side of the frame 1, and the second opening is located on the rear side of the frame 1. The first opening can be used for the wheelset to move into and out of the placement space 10. In addition, the limiting baffle 41 moves into and out of the placement space 10 through the second opening.

[0059] See Figures 2 to 4 As shown, during the pressing process of the brake disc 203, the limiting baffle 41 moves to the left rear side of the brake disc 203 in the extension direction of the third pair of center lines 103, and the limiting baffle 41 moves into the placement space 10 from the second opening along the extension direction of the first pair of center lines 101, so that the limiting baffle 41 is located on the left side of the brake disc 203 in the extension direction of the third pair of center lines 103. Then, with the cooperation of the two pressing and unloading mechanisms 2, the drive wheel axle 201 moves to the left along the third pair of center lines 103. During the movement of the wheel axle 201 to the left, the brake disc 203 abuts against the limiting baffle 41, so that the brake disc 203 moves to the right relative to the wheel axle 201, thereby achieving the pressing effect of the brake disc 203.

[0060] Similarly, during the pressing process of the brake disc 203, the limiting baffle 41 is positioned on the right side of the brake disc 203. Then, with the cooperation of the two pressing and unloading mechanisms 2, the drive wheel axle 201 moves to the right along the third centerline 103. During the movement of the wheel axle 201 to the right, the brake disc 203 abuts against the limiting baffle 41, so that the brake disc 203 moves to the left relative to the wheel axle 201, thereby achieving the effect of unloading the brake disc 203.

[0061] It should be further noted that some of the examples above only illustrate pressing with the brake disc 203 moving to the right relative to the axle 201 and unloading with the brake disc 203 moving to the left relative to the axle 201. However, this application is not limited to this. Depending on the structure of the axle 201, the brake disc 203 can be configured to move to the left relative to the axle 201 for pressing and to the right relative to the axle 201 for unloading. The processes of pressing with the brake disc 203 moving to the left relative to the axle 201 and pressing with the brake disc 203 moving to the right relative to the axle 201 will not be described in detail here.

[0062] See Figure 5 As shown, taking the retraction of the brake disc 203 relative to the axle 201 moving to the left as an example, and the retraction of the left wheel 202 relative to the axle 201 moving to the left as an example, the axle 201 is driven to move to the right along the extension direction of the third centerline 103 by two press-fit retraction mechanisms 2. This allows the brake disc 203 and the left wheel 202 to be retracted simultaneously, thus improving efficiency. It should be noted that the above example only illustrates the retraction of the brake disc 203 and the left wheel 202 moving to the left. The example of the brake disc 203 and the right wheel 202 moving to the right is not described here.

[0063] In summary, the wheelset pressing and unloading machine of this application has the functions of pressing and unloading wheels 202 and brake discs 203, realizing the multi-functionality of the wheelset pressing and unloading machine. This allows the pressing and unloading operations of the wheels 202 and brake discs 203 of one wheelset to be completed in one machine. When both the wheels 202 and brake discs 203 of a wheelset need to be pressed or unloaded, there is no need to change machines to handle the pressing or unloading of the wheels 202 and brake discs 203 separately, thus improving efficiency. Furthermore, during wheelset maintenance, after the wheel 202 or brake disc 203 is removed from the axle 201, it needs to be pressed back onto the axle 201. The wheelset pressing and unloading machine simultaneously performs the pressing and unloading functions for both the wheel 202 and brake disc 203. Therefore, for wheelset maintenance, the wheelset pressing and unloading machine has a high utilization rate, effectively reducing the average operating cost of the machine and thus lowering the overall wheelset maintenance cost. It should also be noted that the two sets of wheel stoppers 3, when the wheel 202 is pressed, can abut against the wheel stoppers 3, ensuring the pressing accuracy of the wheel 202.

[0064] See Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments, the wheel stop 3 includes two wheel stops 30, which are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the frame 1 based on the third pair of center lines 103, and the two wheel stops 30 are spaced apart along the extension direction of the second pair of center lines 102 to jointly define a wheel axle avoidance space within the placement space 10, which is used to avoid the wheel axle 201.

[0065] For example, see Figure 5 As shown, along the extension direction of the second pair of centerlines 102, the orthographic projection of the wheel stop 3 coincides with the orthographic projection of the wheel axle 201. (See reference...) Figure 4 As shown, in this way, along the extension direction of the first pair of center lines 101, it can be ensured that the wheel stop 3 can make contact with both the front and rear halves of the wheel 202, avoiding the wheel 202 from deflecting radially around the wheel 202 during the contact between the wheel stop 3 and the wheel 202. This ensures the accuracy of pressing and unloading the wheel 202, and also prevents the wheel 202 from damaging the outer peripheral wall of the axle 201 during the pressing and unloading process.

[0066] By setting two wheel stops 30 spaced apart along the extension direction of the second pair of center lines 102, a wheel axle clearance space is jointly defined within the placement space 10. The wheel axle clearance space is used to avoid the wheel axle 201. In this way, when the orthographic projection of the wheel stop 3 along the extension direction of the second pair of center lines 102 coincides with the orthographic projection of the wheel axle 201 along the extension direction of the second pair of center lines 102, interference between the wheel axle 201 and the wheel stop 3 is avoided.

[0067] See Figure 6 As shown, in some embodiments, the wheel stop 30 includes a mounting portion 31, a limiting portion 32, and a structural reinforcement portion 33. The mounting portion 31 and the limiting portion 32 are vertically connected, and the structural reinforcement portion 33 is connected between the mounting portion 31 and the limiting portion 32. This can avoid the risk of stress concentration in the connection area between the mounting portion 31 and the limiting portion 32, improve the structural strength of the wheel stop 30, and also extend the service life of the wheel stop 30.

[0068] For example, in combination Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the press-fitting and unloading mechanism 2 drives the wheel 202 to move to the right. The limiting part 32 is located on the right side of the wheel 202. The limiting part 32 abuts against the wheel 202 to restrict the wheel 202 from moving further to the right. When the wheel 202 abuts against the limiting part 32, the wheel 202 applies a force to the limiting part 32 to the right, and the limiting part 32 generates a relative reaction force on the wheel 202, thereby achieving the effect of the wheel stop 30 in restricting the movement of the wheel 202. In addition, when the wheel 202 applies a force to the limiting part 32 to the right, since the structural reinforcement part 33 is connected between the mounting part 31 and the limiting part 32, the structural reinforcement part 33 can generate a pulling force to the limiting part 32 to the left, thereby preventing the limiting part 32 from deforming to the right and ensuring the structural stability of the limiting part 32. In this way, the pressing accuracy of the wheel 202 can be guaranteed during the pressing process. In addition, it can avoid the risk of stress concentration in the connection area between the mounting part 31 and the limiting part 32, improve the structural strength of the wheel stop 30, and also extend the service life of the wheel stop 30.

[0069] See Figure 6 As shown, in some embodiments, the limiting portion 32 has a wheel-side contact surface 321, which is planar and configured to face the corresponding press-fitting and unloading mechanism 2 along the extension direction of the third pair of centerlines 103. The structural reinforcement portion 33 has an arc-shaped force-dispersing surface 331, which connects the mounting portion 31 and the limiting portion 32, and the wheel-side contact surface 321 is configured to face the corresponding press-fitting and unloading mechanism 2 along the extension direction of the third pair of centerlines 103.

[0070] For example, see Figure 6 As shown, the wheel side contact surface 321 is a plane parallel to the second pair of center lines 102, so that when the wheel 202 contacts the wheel side contact surface 321, the wheel 202 can be kept parallel to the second pair of center lines 102, and the diameter of the wheel 202 is perpendicular to the axis of the wheel axle 201, thus avoiding the risk of wheel 202 deflection.

[0071] When the wheel 202 applies a force to the wheel side contact surface 321, the force can be transmitted sequentially along the dispersion surface 33b and the connecting plane 33c. This disperses the force to the mounting part 31, the limiting part 32 and the structural reinforcement part 33, avoiding the risk of stress concentration in the connection area of ​​the mounting part 31 and the limiting part 32, improving the structural strength of the wheel stop 30, and extending the service life of the wheel stop 30.

[0072] See Figure 6 As shown, in some embodiments, the force dispersing surface 331 includes a rim contact surface 33a, a dispersing surface 33b, and a connecting plane 33c. The dispersing surface 33b connects the rim contact surface 33a and the connecting plane 33c. The rim contact surface 33a is also connected to the wheel side contact surface 321. The shape of the rim contact surface 33a is configured to adapt to the shape of the rim of the wheel 202.

[0073] For example, see Figure 6 As shown, the wheel stop 30 is a one-piece molded part, which can ensure the connection strength between the two connected parts of the mounting part 31, the limiting part 32 and the structural reinforcement part 33. For example, the blank of the wheel stop 30 is a one-piece casting. The structural reinforcement part 33 is precision machined using machining equipment to form a wheel side contact surface 321 and an arc-shaped force dispersion surface 331 in the wheel stop 30. The wheel flange contact surface 33a is formed in the force dispersion surface 331. The shape of the wheel flange contact surface 33a can be adapted to the shape of the wheel flange of the wheel 202 that abuts against the wheel stop 30. This ensures that the wheel flange contact surface 33a can fit completely with the wheel flange, thus ensuring the pressing accuracy of the wheel 202. In addition, it should be noted that by using machining equipment to precision machine the structural reinforcement part 33 to form the wheel flange contact surface 33a in the wheel stop 30, the blank of the wheel stop 30 can be processed according to the needs of different wheels 202, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost of the wheel stop 30.

[0074] See Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments, the frame 1 includes a first transverse frame 11 and a second transverse frame 12 symmetrically arranged based on a third pair of center lines 103. Both the first transverse frame 11 and the second transverse frame 12 have mounting slots 13. The mounting slots 13 located on the first transverse frame 11 and the mounting slots 13 located on the second transverse frame 12 are symmetrically arranged based on the third pair of center lines 103. The two wheel stops 30 in the wheel stop 3 are respectively mounted in the two mounting slots 13.

[0075] For example, see Figure 5As shown, along the extension direction of the second pair of centerlines 102, the first transverse frame 11 is located above the second transverse frame 12. The opening of the mounting groove 13 in the first transverse frame 11 and the opening of the mounting groove 13 in the second transverse frame 12 are arranged vertically opposite each other. The two wheel stops 30 in the wheel stop 3 are respectively mounted in the two vertically opposite mounting grooves 13. When the two wheel stops 30 in the wheel stop 3 are respectively fixed in the mounting grooves 13 of the first transverse frame 11 and the mounting grooves 13 of the second transverse frame 12, the two wheel stops 30 in the wheel stop 3 are arranged vertically opposite each other, and the two wheel stops 30 are spaced apart along the extension direction of the second pair of centerlines 102, so as to jointly define the wheel axle clearance space in the placement space 10. The wheel axle clearance space is used to avoid the wheel axle 201.

[0076] By providing mounting slots 13 on the first transverse frame 11 and the second transverse frame 12 respectively, and having the two mounting slots 13 arranged opposite each other along the extension direction of the second centerline 102, the wheel stop 30 can be installed in the mounting slot 13 during the installation of the wheel stop 30 on the frame 1, without the need to measure the installation position of the wheel stop 30. This simplifies the installation steps of the wheel stop 30 and ensures the installation accuracy of the wheel stop 30.

[0077] See Figure 5 As shown, the first transverse frame 11 and the second transverse frame 12 each have two mounting slots 13, which are symmetrically arranged based on the second pair of center lines 102, so that the two wheel stops 30 installed in the two mounting slots 13 are symmetrically arranged based on the second pair of center lines 102.

[0078] See Figure 6 As shown, in some embodiments, along the extension direction of the third pair of center lines 103, the assembly groove 13 has opposing first groove surfaces 13a and second groove surfaces 13b, the first groove surface 13a facing the adjacent press-fitting and unloading mechanism 2, and the wheel stop 30 abutting against the first groove surface 13a.

[0079] For example, in combination Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, Figure 6The assembly slot 13 shown is located on the left side of the second transverse frame 12. Extending along the third centerline 103, the first groove surface 13a of the assembly slot 13 faces the pressing and unloading mechanism 2 located on the left side of the frame 1. When the wheel stop 30 is installed in the assembly slot 13, the wheel stop 30 abuts against the first groove surface 13a. When the wheel 202 applies a force to the wheel stop 30, the first groove surface 13a effectively restricts the wheel stop 30 from moving to the right, thus reliably limiting the wheel 202. During the pressing process of the wheel 202, the pressing accuracy of the wheel 202 is guaranteed, and during the unloading process of the wheel 202, the force exerted by the wheel stop 30 on the wheel 202 is guaranteed.

[0080] In other embodiments, the wheel stop 30 abuts against the second groove surface 13b to further restrict the movement of the wheel stop 30 in the direction of extension of the third pair of centerlines 103.

[0081] Combination Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, in some embodiments, at least one side of the mounting groove 13 is formed with a groove opening along the extension direction of the first pair of center lines 101, so that the wheel stop 30 can be moved into and out of the mounting groove 13 through the groove opening in the extension direction of the first pair of center lines 101. In this way, when a wheelset is placed in the placement space 10, the wheel stop 30 can be moved into and out of the mounting groove 13 directly through the groove opening, without having to remove the wheelset from the placement space 10 first and then remove the wheel stop 30 from the mounting groove 13, effectively shortening the replacement time of the wheel stop 30.

[0082] See Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments, the brake disc limiting mechanism 4 includes a first sliding member 42, a second sliding member 43, and a limiting baffle 41. The first sliding member 42 is mounted on one side of the frame 1 along the extension direction of the first pair of center lines 101, and is configured to move along the extension direction of the third pair of center lines 103. The second sliding member 43 is mounted on the first sliding member 42 and is configured to move relative to the first sliding member 42 along the extension direction of the first pair of center lines 101. The limiting baffle 41 is fixed to the second sliding member 43 and is configured to move with the second sliding member 43 to move into and out of the placement space 10. Thus, see [reference needed]. Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the limiting baffle 41 can move left and right, as well as forward and backward, so that by adjusting the relative position of the limiting baffle 41 and the brake disc 203, the pressing and unloading of the brake disc 203 can be completed.

[0083] See Figure 4As shown, in some embodiments, the limiting baffle 41 has a clearance notch 41a, which is configured to avoid the wheel axle 201. For example, when the limiting baffle 41 moves into the placement space 10, the wheel axle 201 passes through the clearance notch 41a along the extending direction of the first pair of center lines 101, so that the clearance notch 41a is used to avoid the wheel axle 201. Thus, by providing the clearance notch 41a in the limiting baffle 41, not only is the contact area between the limiting baffle 41 and the brake disc 203 in the extending direction of the first pair of center lines 101 ensured, but interference between the limiting baffle 41 and the wheel axle 201 is also avoided. Under the action of the two pressing and unloading mechanisms 2, the wheel axle 201 can move along the extending direction of the first pair of center lines 101, achieving the pressing and unloading effect of the brake disc 203.

[0084] See Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments, the press-fitting and unloading mechanism 2 includes a clamping shaft 21 and a push ring 22. The push ring 22 is sleeved on the holding shaft. Both the clamping shaft 21 and the push ring 22 are configured to extend and retract along the extension direction of the third pair of center lines 103. The two clamping shafts 21 are configured to clamp the two ends of the wheel axle 201 respectively, thereby achieving the effect that the two press-fitting and unloading mechanisms 2 are configured to jointly clamp the wheel axle 201 within the placement space 10, and the axis of the wheel axle 201 coincides with the third pair of center lines 103.

[0085] When one of the two clamping shafts 21 extends, the other clamping shaft 21 retracts synchronously, so that the two clamping shafts 21 are configured to jointly drive the wheel axle 201 to move along the third pair of center lines 103. In addition, of the two push rings 22, the push ring 22 located on the left is configured to drive the left wheel 202 to move to the right, and the push ring 22 located on the right is configured to drive the right wheel 202 to move to the left, thereby achieving the effect that the two push rings 22 are respectively configured to drive the corresponding wheel 202 to press against the wheel axle 201.

[0086] Figure 7 The present application provides schematic flowcharts of wheel pressing methods in some embodiments. The wheel pressing method includes the following steps:

[0087] S101. Pre-install two wheels on both ends of the axle to form a wheelset to be pressed, and place the wheelset to be pressed into the placement space;

[0088] S102. The two pressing and unloading mechanisms clamp the two ends of the wheel axle respectively, so that the two pressing and unloading mechanisms hold the wheel axle in the placement space;

[0089] S103. The two pressing and unloading mechanisms drive the corresponding wheels to move toward the center of the axle to achieve wheel pressing.

[0090] See Figure 7As shown, in some embodiments, the wheel pressing method further includes step S104, in which the installation position of the wheel stop block along the extension direction of the third center line is selected, and the wheel can be considered to be pressed in place when the pressing and unloading mechanism drives the wheel to fit with the wheel side contact surface.

[0091] The wheel pressing method of the embodiments of this application can be applied to... Figures 1 to 6 The wheelset pressing and unloading machine in the middle. For details regarding the placement space 10, the pressing and unloading mechanism 2, and the wheel side contact surface 321, please refer to... Figures 1 to 6 The relevant records in the text are omitted here.

[0092] Figure 8 The present application provides schematic flowcharts of wheel removal methods in some embodiments. The wheel removal method includes the following steps:

[0093] S201. Place the wheelset to be removed into the storage space.

[0094] S202, The two pressing and unloading mechanisms clamp the two ends of the wheel axle respectively, so that the two pressing and unloading mechanisms hold the wheel axle in the placement space;

[0095] S203. The two pressing and unloading mechanisms drive the wheel axle to move along the extension direction of the third pair of center lines so that the wheel resisting element restricts the movement of the corresponding wheel, thereby realizing the unloading of the wheel.

[0096] The wheel removal method of the embodiments of this application can be applied to... Figures 1 to 6 The wheelset pressing and unloading machine in the middle. For details regarding the placement space 10, the pressing and unloading mechanism 2, and the wheel stop 3, please refer to... Figures 1 to 6 The relevant records in the text are omitted here.

[0097] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0098] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A wheelset pressing and unloading machine for pressing and unloading wheels and brake discs of a wheelset onto and off the axle of the wheelset, the wheelset comprising an axle, wheels respectively mounted at both ends of the axle, and a brake disc between the two wheels, characterized in that, include: The frame has a placement space having a first pair of center lines, a second pair of center lines, and a third pair of center lines that are perpendicular to each other. Two press-fitting and unloading mechanisms are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the frame based on the second pair of center lines. The press-fitting and unloading mechanisms are configured to clamp the wheel axle in the placement space and are also configured to drive the wheel axle to move and drive the corresponding wheel to press onto the wheel axle. Two sets of wheel stops are symmetrically fixed to the frame based on the second pair of centerlines. Along the extension direction of the third pair of centerlines, the two sets of wheel stops are respectively spaced apart from the two pressing and unloading mechanisms. The wheel stops are configured to abut and limit the corresponding wheels. A brake disc limiting mechanism includes a limiting baffle along the extension direction of the third pair of center lines, the limiting baffle being configured to be located on one side of the brake disc, the limiting baffle being used to restrict the movement of the brake disc.

2. The wheelset pressing and unloading machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wheel stop includes two wheel blocks, which are symmetrically fixed to both sides of the frame based on the third pair of centerlines and spaced apart along the extension direction of the second pair of centerlines to jointly define a wheel axle clearance space within the placement space. The wheel axle clearance space is used to avoid the wheel axle.

3. The wheelset pressing and unloading machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The wheel stop includes a mounting part, a limiting part, and a structural reinforcement part, wherein the mounting part and the limiting part are vertically connected, and the structural reinforcement part is connected between the mounting part and the limiting part.

4. The wheelset pressing and unloading machine according to claim 3, characterized in that, The limiting part has a wheel side contact surface, which is a plane, and the wheel side contact surface is configured to face the corresponding pressing and unloading mechanism along the extension direction of the third pair of center lines. The structural reinforcement has an arc-shaped force-dispersing surface connected between the mounting part and the limiting part, and the wheel side contact surface is configured to face the corresponding press-fitting and unloading mechanism along the extension direction of the third pair of center lines.

5. The wheelset pressing and unloading machine according to claim 4, characterized in that, The force dispersing surface includes a rim contact surface, a dispersing surface, and a connecting plane. The dispersing surface connects the rim contact surface and the connecting plane. The rim contact surface also connects to the wheel side contact surface. The shape of the rim contact surface is configured to adapt to the shape of the rim of the wheel.

6. The wheelset pressing and unloading machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The frame includes a first transverse frame and a second transverse frame symmetrically arranged based on the third pair of centerlines. Both the first transverse frame and the second transverse frame have mounting slots. The mounting slots located on the first transverse frame and the mounting slots located on the second transverse frame are symmetrically arranged based on the third pair of centerlines. The two wheel stops in the wheel stop are respectively mounted in the two mounting slots.

7. The wheelset pressing and unloading machine according to claim 6, characterized in that, Along the extension direction of the third pair of centerlines, the assembly groove has a first groove surface and a second groove surface opposite each other, the first groove surface facing the adjacent press-fitting and unloading mechanism, and the wheel stop abutting against the first groove surface.

8. The wheelset pressing and unloading machine according to claim 7, characterized in that, Along the extension direction of the first pair of centerlines, at least one side of the assembly groove has a groove opening.

9. The wheelset pressing and unloading machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The brake disc limiting mechanism includes a first sliding member, a second sliding member, and the limiting baffle; wherein... Along the extension direction of the first pair of center lines, the first slider is mounted on one side of the frame, and the first slider is configured to move along the extension direction of the third pair of center lines; The second slider is fitted to the first slider, and the second slider is configured to move relative to the first slider along the extension direction of the first center line; The limiting baffle is fixed to the second sliding member, and the limiting baffle is configured to move with the second sliding member to move into and out of the placement space.

10. The wheelset pressing and unloading machine according to claim 9, characterized in that, The limiting baffle has an avoidance notch, which is configured to avoid the axle.

11. The wheelset pressing and unloading machine according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that, The press-fitting and unloading mechanism includes a clamping shaft and a push ring, the push ring being sleeved on the clamping shaft, and both the clamping shaft and the push ring being configured to extend and retract along the extension direction of the third pair of center lines; wherein... The two clamping shafts are configured to clamp the two ends of the wheel axle respectively, and can also be configured to drive the wheel axle to move; The two push rings are respectively configured to drive the corresponding wheels to be press-fitted onto the axle.

12. A method for pressing and installing wheels, using a wheelset pressing and unloading machine as described in any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that, The pressing process for wheels includes: Two wheels are pre-installed on both ends of the axle to form a wheelset to be pressed, and the wheelset to be pressed is placed in the placement space; Two press-fitting and unloading mechanisms respectively clamp both ends of the axle, so that the two press-fitting and unloading mechanisms hold the axle within the placement space; The two pressing and unloading mechanisms respectively drive the corresponding wheels to move toward the center of the axle to achieve pressing of the wheels.

13. The wheel pressing method according to claim 12, characterized in that, The wheel stop has a wheel side contact surface, and the wheel pressing step further includes: The wheel stop is selected at the installation position along the extension direction of the third pair of center lines. When the pressing and unloading mechanism drives the wheel to fit against the wheel side contact surface, the wheel can be considered to be pressed into place.

14. A method for removing a wheel, employing a wheelset pressing and unloading machine as described in any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that, The steps for removing the wheels include: Place the wheelset to be removed into the storage space; Two press-fitting and unloading mechanisms respectively clamp both ends of the axle, so that the two press-fitting and unloading mechanisms hold the axle within the placement space; The two press-fitting and unloading mechanisms drive the axle to move along the extension direction of the third pair of centerlines, so that the wheel stop restricts the movement of the corresponding wheel, thereby realizing the unloading of the wheel.

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