Large-diameter shield shell in-situ rapid disassembly tool and construction method

Abstract

The application provides a large-diameter shield shell in-situ rapid disassembly tool and method. The tool comprises a hydraulic pump station, a walking base, a top block disassembly frame, an inclined sliding frame and a horizontal sliding support. The walking base comprises a profile steel base frame and walking wheels with brake mechanisms arranged on the bottom surface of the profile steel base frame. The top of the profile steel base frame is provided with a first splicing interface. The top block disassembly frame is spliced with the walking base for disassembling the top part of the shield body. The inclined sliding frame is spliced with the walking base for disassembling the upper inclined blocks on both sides of the top part block of the shield body. The horizontal sliding support is spliced with the walking base for disassembling the horizontal blocks on both sides of the upper part of the shield body. The application improves the safety performance and operation efficiency of the in-hole disassembly of the large-diameter shield shell, reduces the labor intensity, and can be applied to the disassembly of shield shells with different diameters.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of shield tunneling shell dismantling, and particularly to a tooling and construction method for in-situ rapid dismantling of large-diameter shield tunneling shells. Background Technology

[0002] In the construction of major infrastructure such as urban rail transit and cross-river tunnels, large-diameter shield tunneling machines have become the core equipment for large-section tunnel construction due to their advantages of long single tunneling distance and high construction efficiency. However, after completing the tunnel excavation task, the main unit needs to be disassembled and the equipment needs to be transferred in a narrow tunnel space. The constraints of the limited space in the tunnel make the disassembly of heavy shield components and the dismantling of the shield body in sections face many technical challenges, among which the disassembly of the shield shell is the most troublesome.

[0003] The existing large-diameter tunnel boring machine (TBM) shells need to be disassembled into multiple sections for transport. This is mostly done by cutting them into smaller, scrap-like pieces. Lifting points need to be welded to the top of the shield, and then each section is removed sequentially using a hand-operated hoist. For regular sections, existing equipment cannot provide stable support, leading to swaying and shifting during transport. For irregular sections, precise attitude adjustment is impossible, and welding or bolting lifting lugs can easily damage the shield surface. Furthermore, the manual welding of lifting points and manual operation of lifting equipment are labor-intensive, and the limited lifting capacity of hand-operated hoists makes them unsuitable for dismantling heavy sections of large-diameter TBM shells, posing significant safety hazards. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention addresses the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a tooling and construction method for the in-situ rapid dismantling of large-diameter shield tunnel shells. This method effectively solves the drawbacks of traditional dismantling processes, improves the safety, efficiency, and economy of dismantling large-diameter shield tunnel shells, and is applicable to the dismantling of shield shells of different diameters.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a large-diameter shield tunnel shell in-situ rapid disassembly fixture, the fixture including a hydraulic pump station, a traveling base, a top block disassembly frame, an inclined sliding frame and a horizontal sliding support; the traveling base includes a steel frame and traveling wheels with braking mechanisms arranged on the bottom surface of the steel frame, and the top of the steel frame is provided with a first splicing interface; The top block disassembly frame includes a lifting frame and multiple assembly support frames. The multiple assembly support frames are stacked and fixed together. The bottom of the lowest assembly support frame is provided with a first splicing component that matches the first splicing interface. The lifting frame is fixedly spliced ​​on the top of the uppermost assembly support frame. The lifting frame includes a lifting cylinder, a bottom bracket, a top bracket, and at least two sets of telescopic guide rods connecting the bottom bracket and the top bracket. The lifting cylinder is vertically arranged between the bottom bracket and the top bracket. The inclined sliding frame includes an inclined slide, a sliding rotating support, and at least two sets of sliding lifting jacks. The inclined slide has an inclination angle of 30-60° and a first splicing component at its bottom that matches the first splicing interface. The sliding rotating support is slidably mounted on the inclined surface of the inclined slide. At least two sets of sliding lifting jacks are fixed on the inclined slide, with their piston ends connected to the sliding rotating support, driving the sliding rotating support to slide on the inclined slide. A first clamping plate with a U-shaped or C-shaped cross-section is provided at the top of the sliding rotating support. The hydraulic pump station provides hydraulic power to the lifting cylinder and the sliding lifting jacks respectively. The horizontal sliding walking support includes a horizontal slide and a supporting rotating frame. The bottom of the horizontal slide is provided with a fixed base frame, and the bottom of the fixed base frame is provided with a first splicing piece that matches the first splicing interface. The supporting rotating frame is slidably installed on the horizontal slide, and the top of the supporting rotating frame is provided with a second card plate frame with a U-shaped or C-shaped cross section.

[0006] The preferred technical solution of the present invention is as follows: the steel base frame is a square base frame, with first splicing interfaces respectively provided at the four corners of its top surface; the bottom of the lowest layer assembly support frame is provided with four sets of first splicing parts; the inclined slide includes a square bottom support frame and multiple parallel inclined slide rods, the inclination angle of the inclined slide rods matching the splicing seam between the upper inclined block and the upper horizontal block of the shield body; each inclined slide rod is connected and supported to the square bottom support frame by a vertical support rod, and a first splicing part is provided at the four corners of the bottom of the square bottom support frame; the fixed base frame is also a square steel bracket, with a first splicing part provided at the four corners of its bottom; the supporting rotating frame is a triangular support frame, and its triangular base is slidably connected to the horizontal slide; the lowest layer assembly support frame, the square bottom support frame, and the fixed base frame are respectively fixedly spliced ​​to the first splicing interfaces on the steel base frame through the first splicing parts.

[0007] The preferred technical solution of the present invention is that the first card holder and the second card holder have the same structure and are detachably installed on the sliding rotating bracket and the supporting rotating bracket.

[0008] The preferred technical solution of this invention is as follows: Except for the lowest-level assembly support frame, each of the remaining assembly support frames has a second splicing component at its bottom and a second splicing interface matching the second splicing component at its top. Adjacent assembly support frames are spliced ​​together via the second splicing component and the second splicing interface. A second splicing component matching the second splicing interface is located at the bottom of the bottom support frame, and the lifting frame is spliced ​​to the second splicing interface at the top of the uppermost assembly support frame via the second splicing component at its bottom. Multiple bolt holes are provided around each splicing interface and splicing component, and the splicing component is fixed and locked in place by bolts after being inserted into the corresponding splicing interface.

[0009] The preferred technical solution of the present invention is as follows: both the inclined slide and the horizontal slide extend to one side, and slide rails are provided on the inclined slide rods and the horizontal slide. The bottom surfaces of the sliding rotation bracket and the supporting rotation bracket are provided with sliding elements respectively. The ends of the multiple inclined slide rods away from the direction base support frame are of different lengths. The sliding rotation bracket is a right-angled triangular steel frame, in which one right-angled surface is slidably connected to the inclined slide, and the other right-angled surface faces upward. The first clamping plate frame is fixed on the intersection of the upward right-angled surface and the inclined surface. At least two sets of sliding lifting jacks are located between two adjacent inclined slide rods, and each set of sliding lifting jacks is fixed on the side of the inclined slide rod and arranged parallel to the inclined slide rod.

[0010] The preferred technical solution of the present invention is as follows: both the bottom support and the top support are square steel frames; four sets of telescopic guide rods and lifting cylinders are provided; the four sets of telescopic guide rods are distributed at the four corners of the bottom support and the top support; and the four lifting cylinders are located on the inner side of each set of telescopic guide rods. The assembly support frame is a square assembly frame; each assembly support frame has a second splicing interface at the four corners of the top and a second splicing component at the four corners of the bottom; and a second splicing component is provided at the four corners of the bottom support.

[0011] This invention also provides a method for in-situ rapid dismantling of a large-diameter shield tunnel shell. The method uses the aforementioned in-situ rapid dismantling fixture to dismantle the shield tunnel shell, and specifically includes the following steps: S1. After the main drive of the tunnel boring machine is disassembled, the shield shell is disassembled into sections. Before disassembly, the box culvert is assembled to the tail of the segment assembly machine. Then, a traveling track matching the traveling base is laid on the box culvert, and the traveling track extends to the position of the shield. S2. Assemble and fix the top block dismantling frame on the traveling base. Move the assembled and fixed top block dismantling frame to the underside of the shield top block via the traveling base and fix the traveling base. Use the lifting frame to lift the top support into the hollow area of ​​the shield top block and tighten it against the shield top block. Then remove the bolts of the shield top block so that the shield top block is supported by the top block dismantling frame. Move the traveling base to move the shield top block to the underside of the top track. Then use the hoisting assembly to lift it onto the transport vehicle and transport it out of the tunnel. S3. After the top section of the shield body is disassembled, the upper oblique sections on both sides of the top section of the shield body are disassembled. The top section disassembly frame is removed from the traveling base, and the oblique sliding frame is installed on the traveling base. The disassembly methods of the two upper oblique sections of the shield body are the same. First, a first flipping bar matching the first clamping plate on the oblique sliding frame is welded to the recessed area of ​​the upper oblique section of the shield body on one side. The oblique sliding frame is tilted towards the upper oblique section of the shield body on the side to be disassembled, and the oblique sliding frame is inserted into the recessed area of ​​the upper oblique section of the shield body (10). The sliding lifting jack is controlled to push the sliding rotating bracket to move upward along the oblique sliding frame, and The flipping rods on the upper inclined block of the shield are inserted into the U-shaped or C-shaped grooves of the first clamping plate to support the upper inclined block of the shield. Then, the connecting bolts of the upper inclined block of the shield on the side to be disassembled are removed. The sliding jack is retracted to move the sliding rotating bracket and the disassembled upper inclined block of the shield to the middle and lower part of the inclined slide. The upper inclined block of the shield is adjusted by flipping along the sliding rotating bracket with the assistance of the hoisting component. Then, it is transported to the tail of the shield and hoisted to the transport vehicle for transfer outside the tunnel. After the upper inclined block of the shield on one side is disassembled, the tilting direction of the inclined sliding bracket is reversed, and the upper inclined block of the shield on the other side is disassembled using the same method. S4. After the two sets of upper oblique blocks of the shield body are dismantled, begin dismantling the two sets of upper horizontal blocks of the shield body; detach the oblique sliding frame from the traveling base and install the horizontal sliding bracket on the traveling base. Use the horizontal sliding bracket to dismantle the upper horizontal blocks of the shield body. The dismantling method for the upper horizontal blocks of the two sets of shield bodies is the same. First, dismantle the upper horizontal block of one side of the shield body. Move the horizontal sliding bracket to the position of the shield body. The horizontal sliding bracket extends into the recessed area of ​​the upper horizontal block of the shield body on the side to be dismantled. Move the support rotating frame along the horizontal sliding bracket to the recessed area of ​​the upper horizontal block of the shield body on the side to be dismantled, and then... The area is welded with a second flipping bar that matches the second clamping plate on the horizontal sliding bracket, and the second flipping bar is just embedded in the U-shaped or C-shaped groove of the second clamping plate. Remove the connecting bolts of the upper horizontal block of the shield body on the side to be removed, and move the upper horizontal block of the shield body on the side to be removed and the supporting rotating frame together to the middle of the horizontal slide using the hoisting assembly. Then, use the hoisting assembly to assist the shield body horizontal block to flip and adjust the angle along the supporting rotating frame, and then transport it to the tail of the shield, hoist it to the transport vehicle, and transfer it to the outside of the tunnel. After the upper horizontal block of one side of the shield body is dismantled, reverse the direction of the horizontal sliding bracket and use the same method to dismantle the upper horizontal block of the shield body on the other side. S5. Other sections of the lower part of the shield body are directly disassembled using hoisting components. Before each disassembly, the hoisting components are directly connected to the shield body section to be disassembled, and then the shield body section to be disassembled is removed. After being transported to the tail of the shield body by the hoisting components, it is then transferred to the outside of the tunnel by a transport vehicle.

[0012] The preferred technical solution of the present invention is as follows: the hoisting component adopts a manual hoist or an electric hoist. Before the shield body is dismantled, a top track is laid on the top of the tunnel segment to the position of the shield machine host. Four parallel top tracks are laid, each track adopts an I-beam slide rail, and multiple chain hoists are installed on the slide rail. A lifting ring for installing a manual hoist is welded to the bottom of each chain hoist. The top of the I-beam slide rail is connected to the tunnel segment through a figure-eight plate. One end of the figure-eight plate is firmly connected to the tunnel segment through segment bolts, and the other end is fixedly connected to the center line of the upper flange of the I-beam slide rail.

[0013] The preferred technical solution of the present invention is as follows: In step S2, the assembly and fixing of the top block disassembly frame is to first connect the bottom assembly support frame with the walking base and fix it with bolts, then stack and assemble multiple assembly support frames in sequence to the design height, and fix adjacent sets of assembly support frames with bolts, and finally assemble and fix the lifting frame; In step S3, the disassembly process of the top block disassembly frame is to disassemble the lifting frame and multiple assembly support frames in sequence from top to bottom.

[0014] The preferred technical solution of the present invention is as follows: In step S2, the disassembly of the top section of the shield body, in step S3, the disassembly of the upper oblique section of the shield body, and in step S4, the disassembly of the upper horizontal section of the shield body are all carried out with the assistance of a hoisting assembly. Before disassembling the bolts of the top section of the shield body, the upper oblique section of the shield body, and the upper horizontal section of the shield body, the hoisting assembly is first connected to each section of the shield body to be disassembled, and during the movement, the hoisting assembly assists in hoisting it to the flipping area for flipping.

[0015] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) The present invention improves the safety performance of dismantling the machine inside the tunnel; the application of the walking support frame, sliding rotating support and horizontal sliding support in the present invention replaces the traditional dismantling method of lifting with hand hoists and manually welding the lifting points, avoiding the safety hazards such as hooking and chain breaking that may occur during manual operation of hand hoists, while reducing the damage to the shield body caused by welding the lifting points on the shield body, and reducing the risk of falling objects caused by the welding quality of the lifting points; the lifting, sliding and rotating operations of the support are all realized through the hydraulic system and mechanical structure, making the operation process more controllable, effectively ensuring the stability of the shield shell sections during dismantling and transportation, and greatly reducing the safety accident rate of large-diameter shield shell dismantling operations.

[0016] (2) This invention improves work efficiency. Traditional demolition methods rely on manual operation of hand-operated hoists to demolish one block at a time, which is slow and has a long cycle. However, the lifting, sliding, and rotating actions of the walking support frame and the sliding and rotating support frame can be completed quickly through the hydraulic system. Moreover, the demolition process of each block is standardized, which reduces the tedious steps of manual operation and greatly shortens the demolition and transportation time of a single block. After practical application verification, the overall dismantling period of the large-diameter shield shell can be shortened by more than 30% after adopting the tooling in this invention, which significantly improves construction efficiency.

[0017] (3) This invention greatly reduces labor intensity. In the traditional dismantling of shield tunnel shells, workers need to perform a lot of manual welding, hoist operation and block handling, which is extremely labor-intensive. However, the mechanized operation mode of the walking support frame and sliding rotating support only requires a small number of workers to operate the equipment and supervise the site to complete the dismantling operation, which greatly reduces the proportion of manual labor, improves the working environment of the workers, reduces labor intensity, and also reduces the operation errors caused by human fatigue.

[0018] (4) Enhanced adaptability to construction sites: The construction space inside the shield tunnel is limited. Traditional operation methods require a large amount of space for temporary support welding and hoisting equipment arrangement, which can easily conflict with other construction procedures. In this invention, each traveling support can move and turn over through double-row tracks. The tracks can be laid and supported by the box culvert, and the spacing can be controlled. It does not require taking up too much extra space inside the tunnel, making it more suitable for the narrow and complex construction environment inside the shield tunnel and reducing interference with the overall construction process.

[0019] (5) Traditional shield dismantling relies on general hoisting equipment, which is prone to unstable support and difficult posture adjustment for irregular blocks. In addition, the steel wire rope binding can easily damage the shield. This invention designs special brackets for different block characteristics. Regular blocks are stably moved by walking support frame, and irregular blocks are precisely adjusted by sliding and rotating support frame. The close-fitting support design avoids damage to the shield. At the same time, there is no need to repeatedly adjust the hoisting equipment, which improves the efficiency of block dismantling and the protection effect of tunnel structure.

[0020] (6) The present invention has significant economic and social benefits; the present invention is applicable to the dismantling of shield shells of different diameters, reduces the cost of tooling per use, and the mechanized dismantling operation improves the technological level of shield construction, provides new technical solutions and construction experience for the dismantling of large-diameter shield shells, and promotes the technological progress and development of the shield construction industry. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the top block disassembly frame and the walking base in the present invention. Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the walking base in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the top block disassembly frame and the walking base in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly support frame in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting frame structure in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the inclined sliding frame and the walking base in the present invention. Figure 7 yes Figure 6 Front view; Figure 8 yes Figure 6 Top view; Figure 9 and Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the movement of the sliding rotating support on the inclined carriage; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the sliding and rotating support structure in this invention; Figure 12 This is a side view of the tilting carriage in this invention; Figure 13 This is a top view of the tilting carriage in this invention; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the horizontal sliding bracket and the base plate in the present invention. Figure 15 This is a top view of the horizontal sliding bracket and the base plate in the present invention. Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the top track distribution in the embodiment; Figure 17 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of the top track portion in the embodiment; Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the shield body segmentation in the embodiment; Figures 19 to 21 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembly of the top section of the shield body in the embodiment; Figures 22 to 24 This is a schematic diagram of the obliquely divided blocks on both sides of the top section of the shield body in the embodiment; Figures 25 to 27 This is a schematic diagram of the horizontal disassembly of the upper two sides of the shield body in the embodiment; Figure 28 and Figure 29 This is a schematic diagram of the lower part being disassembled and lifted in the embodiment.

[0022] In the diagram: 1. Hydraulic pump station; 2. Traveling base; 200. Steel frame; 201. Traveling wheels; 202. First splicing interface; 3. Top track; 4. Box culvert; 5. Traveling track; 6. Top block disassembly frame; 601. Assembly support frame; 602. Lifting frame; 6021. Lifting cylinder; 6022. Bottom support; 6023. Top support; 6024. Telescopic guide rod; 603. First splicing component; 604. Second splicing component; 605. Second splicing interface; 606. Bolt hole; 7. Angled sliding frame; 701. Inclined slide; 7011. Square bottom support frame; 7012. Inclined slide bar; 7013. Vertical support bar; 702. Sliding and rotating support; 703. Sliding lifting jack; 704. First clamping plate frame; 8. Horizontal sliding support; 801. Horizontal slide; 802. Support rotating frame; 803. Second clamping plate frame; 804. Fixed base frame; 9. Top section of shield body; 10. Upper oblique section of shield body; 11. First flipping rod; 12. Upper horizontal section of shield body; 13. Second flipping rod; 14. Segment. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The drawings are all embodiments, drawn in a simplified manner, and are only used to clearly and concisely illustrate the purpose of the embodiments of the present invention. The technical solutions shown in the drawings below are specific solutions of the embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] The embodiment provides a large-diameter shield tunnel shell in-situ rapid disassembly tooling, such as... Figures 1 to 15 As shown, the tooling includes a hydraulic pump station 1, a traveling base 2, a top block disassembly frame 6, an inclined sliding frame 7, and a horizontal sliding support 8; the traveling base 2 includes a steel frame 200 and traveling wheels 201 with braking mechanisms arranged on the bottom surface of the steel frame 200, and the top of the steel frame 200 is provided with a first splicing interface 202. In this embodiment, the steel frame 200 is a square frame, and the four corners of its top surface are respectively provided with first splicing interfaces 202; like Figures 3 to 5As shown, the top block disassembly frame 6 includes a lifting frame 602 and multiple assembly support frames 601. The multiple assembly support frames 601 are stacked and assembled. The bottom of the lowest assembly support frame is provided with a first splicing component 603 that matches the first splicing interface 202. The lifting frame 602 is fixedly spliced ​​to the top of the uppermost assembly support frame. The lifting frame 602 includes a lifting cylinder 6021, a bottom support 6022, a top support 6023, and at least two sets of telescopic guide rods 6024 connecting the bottom support 6022 and the top support 6023. The lifting cylinder 6021 is vertically arranged between the bottom support 6022 and the top support 6023. The bottom of the lowest assembly support frame 601 is provided with four sets of first splicing components 603. Except for the bottommost assembly support frame, each of the remaining assembly support frames 601 has a second splicing component 604 at its bottom and a second splicing interface 605 at its top that matches the second splicing component 604. Adjacent assembly support frames 601 are spliced ​​together by the second splicing component 604 and the second splicing interface 605. The bottom of the bottom bracket 6022 has a second splicing component 604 that matches the second splicing interface 605. The lifting frame 602 is spliced ​​together with the second splicing component 604 at its bottom and the second splicing interface 605 at the top of the topmost assembly support frame 601. Multiple bolt holes 606 are opened around each splicing interface and splicing component, and after the splicing component is inserted into the corresponding splicing interface, it is fixed and locked by bolts. In this embodiment, both the bottom support 6022 and the top support 6023 are square steel frames. Four sets of telescopic guide rods 6024 and lifting cylinders 6021 are provided. The four sets of telescopic guide rods 6024 are distributed at the four corners of the bottom support 6022 and the top support 6023, and the four lifting cylinders 6021 are located inside each set of telescopic guide rods 6024. The assembly support frame 601 is a square assembly frame. Each assembly support frame 601 has a second splicing interface 605 at each of the four corners at the top and a second splicing component 604 at each of the four corners at the bottom. A second splicing component 604 is also provided at each of the four corners of the bottom support 6022.

[0025] like Figures 6 to 13As shown, the inclined sliding frame 7 includes an inclined slide 701, a sliding rotating support 702, and at least two sets of sliding lifting jacks 703. The inclined angle of the inclined slide 701 is 30-60°, and a first splicing piece 603 matching the first splicing interface 202 is provided at its bottom. The sliding rotating support 702 is slidably installed on the inclined surface of the inclined slide 701. At least two sets of sliding lifting jacks 703 are fixed on the inclined slide 701, and their piston ends are connected to the sliding rotating support 702, driving the sliding rotating support 702 to slide on the inclined slide 701. A first clamping plate frame 704 with a U-shaped or C-shaped cross section is provided at the top of the sliding rotating support 702. The inclined slide 701 described in this embodiment includes a square bottom support frame 7011 and multiple parallel inclined slide rods 7012. The inclination angle of the inclined slide rods 7012 matches the splicing seam between the upper inclined block 10 and the upper horizontal block 12 of the shield body. Each inclined slide rod 7012 is connected and supported to the square bottom support frame 7011 by a vertical support rod 7013. First splicing components 603 are respectively provided at the four corners of the bottom of the square bottom support frame 7011. Figure 13 As shown, the ends of the multiple inclined slide rods 7012 away from the direction base support frame 7012 are of different lengths; the sliding rotation bracket 702 is a right-angled triangular steel frame, in which one right-angled surface is slidably connected to the inclined slide 701, and the other right-angled surface faces upward, and the first clamping plate frame 704 is fixed on the intersection of the upward right-angled surface and the inclined surface; at least two sets of sliding lifting jacks 703 are located between two adjacent inclined slide rods 7012, and each set of sliding lifting jacks 703 is fixed on the side of the inclined slide rod 7012 and arranged parallel to the inclined slide rod 7012.

[0026] like Figure 14 and Figure 15 As shown, the horizontal sliding walking support 8 includes a horizontal slide 801 and a supporting rotating frame 802. The bottom of the horizontal slide 801 is provided with a fixed base 804. At the bottom of the fixed base 804 is a first splicing member 603 that matches the first splicing interface 202. The supporting rotating frame 802 is slidably mounted on the horizontal slide 801. At the top of the supporting rotating frame 802 is a second clamping plate frame 803 with a U-shaped or C-shaped cross-section. In this embodiment, the fixed base 804 is also a square steel support, with first splicing members 603 at each of its four bottom corners. The supporting rotating frame 802 is a triangular support frame, with its triangular base slidably connected to the horizontal slide 801. The lowest layer assembly support frame 601, the square bottom support frame 7011, and the fixed base 804 are respectively fixedly spliced ​​to the first splicing interface 202 on the steel base 200 via the first splicing members 603.

[0027] In this embodiment, the hydraulic pump station 1 provides hydraulic power to the lifting cylinders 6021 and the sliding lifting jacks 703. When using the top block dismantling frame 6, the hydraulic pump station 1 is connected to each lifting cylinder 6021 of the top block dismantling frame 6 via hydraulic lines, providing hydraulic power to the four sets of lifting cylinders 6021. When using the inclined sliding frame 7, the hydraulic pump station 1 is connected to each sliding lifting jack 703 of the inclined sliding frame 7 via hydraulic lines, providing hydraulic power to each sliding lifting jack 703.

[0028] In this embodiment, the first card holder 704 and the second card holder 803 have the same structure and are detachably mounted on the sliding rotation bracket 702 and the supporting rotation bracket 802, and the two card holders are interchangeable. The inclined slide 701 and the horizontal slide 801 both extend to one side, and slide rails are provided on the inclined slide rod 7012 and the horizontal slide 801. Sliding elements are correspondingly provided on the bottom surfaces of the sliding rotation bracket 702 and the supporting rotation bracket 802.

[0029] Both the first splicing component 603 and the second splicing component 604 are plug-in components, and the length of the second splicing component 604 is greater than that of the first splicing component 603.

[0030] In this embodiment, a geared motor is integrated on one side of the walking base 2, and a drive wheel is configured to be connected to the geared motor. The drive wheel is equipped with a rigid locking component (brake component). The tooling can be moved back and forth by a wireless remote control. After moving to the target work position, it is rigidly fixed by the locking component (brake component). In this embodiment, the assembly support frame 601 of the top block dismantling frame 6 is welded from square assembly frame steel. The whole structure is a cuboid frame structure. The structure is welded with steel along the diagonal. The diagonal steel enhances the frame's torsional resistance and overall stability, and can effectively bear the weight of the lifting structure and the shield shell sections. There are splicing parts at the four corners of the top and bottom of the structure. It can be fixed to the walking base and adjacent square assembly frames by splicing and bolting, so as to realize the stacking and splicing of multiple sets of square assembly frames layer by layer, which can adapt to the dismantling requirements of shield shells of different sizes. In this embodiment, the flange surface of the first clamping plate frame 704 of the inclined sliding frame 7 is designed horizontally to ensure the stability of the structure during dismantling and sliding. When disassembling the shield shell using the inclined sliding frame 7, the shield can be supported by the sliding rotating support 702, and then the sliding lifting jack 703 can be gradually retracted to smoothly slide the shield into the center position along the inclined sliding frame 701. During this process, the thrust and speed of the hydraulic cylinder are controlled to avoid friction and collision between the sections and the support or other parts of the shield.

[0031] In this embodiment, a box culvert rotating fixture is used during box culvert paving. The rotating fixture includes a base, a rotating mechanism, and an upper support frame. Both the base and the upper support frame are steel supports. The upper support frame matches the bottom contour of the box culvert to ensure uniform force distribution and stable posture during placement and rotation. The base forms a stable frame through multiple cross-bracing steel sections. A rotating shaft is located at the center of the base, and the upper support frame is fixed to the rotating shaft. The rotating mechanism includes multiple sets of tank wheels arranged symmetrically and supported at the bottom of the upper support frame. When the upper bearing frame rotates horizontally along the rotating shaft, the rotating mechanism provides smooth and stable transmission support to the upper support frame. The box culvert rotating fixture can directly use the utility model patent disclosed in patent number 2023223702501, which describes an automatic rotating transport device for pipe culverts.

[0032] When using the box culvert rotation fixture, the bottom structure is first fixed, the box culvert is hoisted to the upper support structure, and then the box culvert is rotated to the required angle using jacks and tank wheels, meeting the needs of assembling the box culvert towards the shield tail in confined spaces. This box culvert rotation fixture can solve the problem of box culvert transportation and rotation during dismantling inside the tunnel. Moreover, the fixture integrates horizontal rotation and hoisting positioning functions, eliminating the need for welding temporary structures. The prefabricated design is compatible with box culverts of different 14m-class shield machines, with a rotation accuracy of ±5mm. It can quickly complete a 90-degree rotation in confined spaces, filling the assembly gap in front of the connecting bridge. The assembly time for a single box culvert section is reduced from the traditional 12 hours to 2 hours. The fixture can be reused across projects, significantly reducing material and labor costs while significantly improving the efficiency and safety of box culvert assembly.

[0033] This embodiment describes a method for rapid dismantling of a 14m-class ultra-large diameter tunnel boring machine (TBM) within a confined space. The main components of the large-diameter TBM, from front to back, include the TBM main unit (cutterhead, shield body, main drive, segment assembler), 1# trolley, connecting bridge, 2# trolley, 3# trolley, and 4# trolley. The method of this invention mainly addresses the dismantling of the TBM main unit up to the 4# trolley. During dismantling inside the tunnel, the TBM components must be disassembled and transported from back to front, following the tunnel excavation direction. Dismantling the TBM shell is particularly difficult; therefore, the in-situ rapid dismantling method for the large-diameter TBM shell described in this application is used for insertion. Before dismantling, the TBM needs to be powered off, and a top track 3 needs to be laid on top of the tunnel segments. The top track 3 extends from the rear of the 4# trolley to the rear of the TBM main unit. Figure 16 and Figure 17As shown, four parallel tracks 3 are laid on the top track. Each track uses an I-beam slide rail 301, and multiple chain hoist trolleys 302 are installed on the slide rail. A lifting ring 303 for installing a hand chain hoist is welded to the bottom of each chain hoist 302. The top of the I-beam slide rail is connected to the tunnel segment 14 through a figure-eight plate 301. One end of the figure-eight plate 301 is firmly connected to the tunnel segment through a segment bolt, and the other end is fixedly connected to the center line of the upper flange of the I-beam slide rail 301. The segment bolts are existing segment bolts. The nut at one end is removed, and one of the holes of the figure-eight plate 301 is passed through the segment bolt. The nut is then installed, and the other end of the segment bolt is directly connected to the tunnel segment. Using segment bolts for installation can ensure the reliability of the connection and resist the forces under complex working conditions. The top track 3 plays a crucial role in the entire dismantling process, primarily for installing hoisting components. In this embodiment, all hoisting components utilize manual or electric hoists. The hoist, as the power source for the entire transportation system, can meet the lifting and moving needs of large equipment of varying weights. The top track 3 provides support and guidance, not only offering reliable load-bearing support for the hoist and the hoisted equipment, ensuring that the equipment does not sway or fall during transportation, but also guiding the horizontal movement of the equipment, ensuring the accuracy of the transportation path. This enables safe, stable, and efficient vertical and horizontal transportation of large equipment inside the tunnel boring machine.

[0034] The large-diameter shield body in the embodiment adopts a combination of ten blocks, specifically as follows: Figure 18 As shown, the dismantling sequence of the shield body is to first remove the top section, and then remove the remaining sections sequentially from top to bottom. Traditional large-diameter shield shell dismantling requires welding lifting points to the top of the shield body, followed by using a hand-operated hoist to dismantle each section in turn. This method suffers from low work efficiency, high labor intensity, and poor stability of the shield body sections during dismantling. Furthermore, welding the lifting points can cause damage to the shield body itself, and the limited lifting capacity of the hand-operated hoist makes it unsuitable for dismantling heavy sections of large-diameter shield shells, posing significant safety hazards. Therefore, this application utilizes the aforementioned in-situ rapid dismantling fixture for the large-diameter shield tunnel shell. Specifically, the top section 9 (one-section) of the shield body is dismantled using a hydraulic pump station 1, a traveling base 2, a top section dismantling frame 6, and a hoisting assembly. The upper oblique sections 10 (two-section and ten-section) on both sides of the top section are dismantled using the hydraulic pump station 1, the traveling base 2, the inclined sliding frame 7, and the hoisting assembly. The upper horizontal sections (three-section and nine-section) on both sides of the shield body are dismantled using the traveling base 2, the horizontal sliding bracket 8, and the hoisting assembly. The remaining sections of the lower shield body (four-section, five-section, six-section, seven-section, and eight-section) are dismantled without risk and can be directly dismantled using the hoisting assembly. The specific dismantling process is as follows: S1. After the main drive of the tunnel boring machine is disassembled, the shield shell is disassembled into sections. Before disassembly, the box culvert 4 is assembled to the tail of the segment assembly machine. Then, a traveling track 5 matching the traveling base 2 is laid on the box culvert 4. The traveling track 5 extends to the position of the shield body, such as... Figure 19 As shown; S2. Assemble and fix the top block disassembly frame 6 on the traveling base 2. The assembly and fixation of the top block disassembly frame 6 is as follows: first, the lowest layer of assembly support frame is spliced ​​with the traveling base 2 and fixed with bolts. Then, multiple assembly support frames 601 are stacked and assembled to the design height. Adjacent sets of assembly support frames 601 are fixed with bolts. Finally, the lifting frame 602 is assembled and fixed. The assembled and fixed top block disassembly frame 6 is moved to the underside of the shield top block 9 through the traveling base 3. The traveling base 2 is fixed. The top support 6023 is embedded into the hollow area of ​​the shield top block 9 (a segment) by the lifting frame 602 and is pressed against the shield top block 9. Then, the bolts of the shield top block 9 are removed, so that the shield top block 9 is supported by the top block disassembly frame 6. The traveling base 2 is moved to transport the shield top block 9 to the underside of the top track 3. Then, the hoisting component is used to lift it onto the transport vehicle and transport it out of the tunnel. S3. After the top section 9 of the shield body is disassembled, begin disassembling the upper oblique sections 10 (two-part and ten-part sections) on both sides of the top section 9; detach the top section disassembly frame 6 from the traveling base 2. The disassembly process of the top section disassembly frame 6 is to disassemble the lifting frame 602 and multiple assembly support frames 601 sequentially from top to bottom. After disassembly, install the oblique sliding frame 7 on the traveling base 2. The disassembly method for the two-part and ten-part sections is the same; disassemble the ten-part sections first, such as... Figures 22 to 24 As shown, a first flipping rod 11, matching the first clamping plate 704 on the inclined sliding frame 7, is welded to the recessed area of ​​the ten-section block. The inclined sliding frame 701 of the inclined sliding frame 7 is oriented towards the ten-section block, and the inclined sliding frame 701 is inserted into the recessed area of ​​the ten-section block. The sliding lifting jack 703 is controlled to push the sliding rotating support 702 to move upward along the inclined sliding frame 701, and the flipping rod 11 on the ten-section block is embedded in the U-shaped or C-shaped groove of the first clamping plate 704 to support the ten-section block. Then, the connecting bolts of the ten-section block on the side to be disassembled are removed, and the sliding lifting jack 703 is retracted to drive the sliding rotating support 702 and the ten-section block to move to the middle and lower part of the inclined sliding frame 701. The ten-section block is assisted by the hoisting assembly to flip and adjust the angle along the sliding rotating support 702, and then transported to the tail of the shield, hoisted to the transport vehicle, and transferred to the outside of the tunnel. After the ten-section block is disassembled, the tilting direction of the inclined sliding frame 7 is reversed, and the other side of the two sections is disassembled using the same method. S4. After the two sets of upper oblique blocks 10 of the shield body are disassembled, the two sets of upper horizontal blocks 12 of the shield body are disassembled. The oblique sliding frame 7 is removed from the traveling base 2, and the horizontal sliding bracket 8 is installed on the traveling base 2. The horizontal sliding bracket 8 is used to disassemble the upper horizontal blocks 12 of the shield body. The disassembly method of the two sets of upper horizontal blocks 12 of the shield body is the same. First, disassemble one side of the upper horizontal block of the shield body (i.e., the nine-part block). Move the horizontal sliding bracket 8 to the position of the shield body. The horizontal sliding frame 801 extends into the recessed area of ​​the nine-part block. Move the support rotating frame 802 along the horizontal sliding frame 801 to the recessed area of ​​the nine-part block, and then in the recess of the nine-part block... A second flipping rod 13 is welded to the area, matching the second clamping frame 704 on the horizontal sliding support 8. The second flipping rod 13 is precisely embedded in the U-shaped or C-shaped groove of the second clamping frame 704. The connecting bolts of the upper horizontal block of the shield body to be dismantled are removed. The upper horizontal block of the shield body to be dismantled and the supporting rotating frame are moved together to the middle of the horizontal slide using the hoisting assembly. Then, the nine blocks are assisted by the hoisting assembly to flip and adjust the angle along the supporting rotating frame 802. After being transported to the tail of the shield, it is hoisted to the transport vehicle and transferred to the outside of the tunnel. After the nine blocks are dismantled, the direction of the horizontal sliding support 8 is reversed, and the three blocks on the other side are dismantled using the same method. S5. Other sections of the lower part of the shield body are directly disassembled using hoisting components; other sections of the lower part of the shield body are disassembled separately as follows: Figure 28 and Figure 29 As shown, before each dismantling, the hoisting assembly is directly connected to the shield body segment to be dismantled. Then, the shield body segment to be dismantled is removed, and the hoisting assembly transports it to the tail of the shield, where it is then transferred to the outside of the tunnel by a transport vehicle. Alternatively, it can be directly hoisted onto the transport vehicle and transferred to the outside of the tunnel.

[0035] In the embodiment, the disassembly of the top shield block 9 in step S2, the disassembly of the upper oblique shield block 10 in step S3, and the disassembly of the upper horizontal shield block 12 in step S4 are all carried out with the assistance of a hoisting assembly. Before disassembling the bolts of the top shield block 9, the upper oblique shield block 10, and the upper horizontal shield block 12, the hoisting assembly is first connected to each shield block to be disassembled, and during the movement, the hoisting assembly assists in hoisting it to the flipping area for flipping.

[0036] The above description is merely one embodiment of the present invention, and while it is detailed and specific, it should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A tooling for rapid in-situ disassembly of a large-diameter shield tunnel shell, characterized in that: The tooling includes a hydraulic pump station (1), a traveling base (2), a top block disassembly frame (6), an inclined sliding frame (7), and a horizontal sliding support (8). The walking base (2) includes a steel frame (200) and walking wheels (201) with a braking mechanism arranged on the bottom surface of the steel frame (200). The top of the steel frame (200) is provided with a first splicing interface (202). The top block disassembly frame (6) includes a lifting frame (602) and multiple assembly support frames (601). The multiple assembly support frames (601) are stacked and assembled. The bottom of the lowest assembly support frame is provided with a first splicing piece (603) that matches the first splicing interface (202). The lifting frame (602) is fixedly spliced ​​on the top of the uppermost assembly support frame. The lifting frame (602) includes a lifting cylinder (6021), a bottom support (6022), a top support (6023), and at least two sets of telescopic guide rods (6024) connecting the bottom support (6022) and the top support (6023). The lifting cylinder (6021) is vertically arranged between the bottom support (6022) and the top support (6023). The inclined sliding frame (7) includes an inclined slide (701), a sliding rotating support (702), and at least two sets of sliding lifting jacks (703). The inclined slide (701) has an inclination angle of 30 to 60° and a first splicing piece (603) matching the first splicing interface (202) is provided at its bottom. The sliding rotating support (702) is slidably installed on the inclined surface of the inclined slide (701). At least two sets of sliding lifting jacks (703) are fixed on the inclined slide (701), and their piston ends are connected to the sliding rotating support (702) and drive the sliding rotating support (702) to slide on the inclined slide (701). A first clamping plate frame (704) with a U-shaped or C-shaped cross section is provided on the top of the sliding rotating support (702). The hydraulic pump station (1) provides hydraulic power to the lifting cylinder (6021) and the sliding lifting jacks (703) respectively. The horizontal sliding walking support (8) includes a horizontal slide (801) and a support rotating frame (802). The bottom of the horizontal slide (801) is provided with a fixed base frame (804). The bottom of the fixed base frame (804) is provided with a first splicing piece (603) that matches the first splicing interface (202). The support rotating frame (802) is slidably installed on the horizontal slide (801). The top of the support rotating frame (802) is provided with a second card plate frame (803) with a U-shaped or C-shaped cross section.

2. The in-situ rapid disassembly tooling for a large-diameter shield tunnel shell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steel base frame (200) is a square base frame, with first splicing interfaces (202) respectively provided at the four corners of its top surface; the bottom of the lowest layer assembly support frame (601) is provided with four sets of first splicing parts (603); the inclined slide (701) includes a square bottom support frame (7011) and multiple parallel inclined slide rods (7012), the inclination angle of the inclined slide rods (7012) matches the splicing seam between the upper inclined block (10) of the shield body and the upper horizontal block (12) of the shield body; each inclined slide rod (7012) is connected to the square bottom support frame (7011) by a vertical support rod (7013). The support is provided with first splicing parts (603) at the four corners of the bottom of the square bottom support frame (7011); the fixed base frame (804) is also a square steel bracket, with first splicing parts (603) at the four corners of its bottom; the support rotating frame (802) is a triangular support frame, with its triangular base slidably connected to the horizontal slide frame (801); the bottommost assembly support frame (601), the square bottom support frame (7011) and the fixed base frame (804) are fixedly spliced ​​to the first splicing interface (202) on the steel base frame (200) through the first splicing parts (603).

3. A rapid in-situ dismantling fixture for large-diameter shield tunnel shells according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The first card holder (704) and the second card holder (803) have the same structure and are detachably mounted on the sliding rotating bracket (702) and the supporting rotating bracket (802).

4. The in-situ rapid disassembly tooling for a large-diameter shield tunnel shell according to claim 2, characterized in that: Except for the bottommost assembly support frame, each of the remaining assembly support frames (601) is provided with a second splicing piece (604) at the bottom and a second splicing interface (605) matching the second splicing piece (604) at the top of each assembly support frame (601). Adjacent assembly support frames (601) are spliced ​​together by the second splicing piece (604) and the second splicing interface (605). The bottom of the bottom support frame (6022) is provided with a second splicing piece (604) matching the second splicing interface (605). The lifting frame (602) is spliced ​​together with the second splicing piece (604) at the bottom and the second splicing interface (605) at the top of the topmost assembly support frame (601) by the second splicing piece (604) at the bottom. Multiple bolt holes (606) are opened around each splicing interface and splicing piece, and after the splicing piece is inserted into the corresponding splicing interface, it is fixed and locked by bolts.

5. The in-situ rapid disassembly tooling for a large-diameter shield tunnel shell according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inclined slide (701) and the horizontal slide (801) both extend to one side, and slide rails are provided on the inclined slide rod (7012) and the horizontal slide (801). The sliding rotation bracket (702) and the support rotation bracket (802) are provided with sliding parts on their bottom surfaces respectively. The ends of the multiple inclined slide rods (7012) away from the direction base support frame (7012) are of different lengths. The sliding rotation bracket (702) is a right-angled triangular steel frame, in which one right-angled surface is slidably connected to the inclined slide (701), and the other right-angled surface faces upward. The first clamping plate frame (704) is fixed on the intersection of the upward right-angled surface and the inclined surface. At least two sets of sliding lifting jacks (703) are located between two adjacent inclined slide rods (7012), and each set of sliding lifting jacks (703) is fixed on the side of the inclined slide rod (7012) and arranged parallel to the inclined slide rod (7012).

6. The in-situ rapid disassembly tooling for a large-diameter shield tunnel shell according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bottom support (6022) and the top support (6023) are both square steel frames. The telescopic guide rods (6024) and the lifting cylinders (6021) are provided in four sets. The four sets of telescopic guide rods (6024) are distributed at the four corners of the bottom support (6022) and the top support (6023). The four lifting cylinders (6021) are located on the inner side of each set of telescopic guide rods (6024). The assembly support frame (601) is a square assembly frame. The top of each assembly support frame (601) is provided with a second splicing interface (605) at the four corners, and the bottom of each assembly support frame (601) is provided with a second splicing component (604) at the four corners. The bottom support (6022) is provided with a second splicing component (604) at the four corners.

7. A method for rapid in-situ dismantling of a large-diameter shield tunnel shell, characterized in that: The large-diameter shield tunnel shell is disassembled using the in-situ rapid disassembly tooling described in any one of claims 1 to 6, specifically including the following steps: S1. After the main drive of the tunnel boring machine is disassembled, the shield shell is disassembled into sections. Before disassembly, the box culvert is assembled to the tail of the segment assembly machine. Then, a traveling track matching the traveling base is laid on the box culvert, and the traveling track extends to the position of the shield. S2. Assemble and fix the top block dismantling frame on the traveling base. Move the assembled and fixed top block dismantling frame to the underside of the shield top block via the traveling base and fix the traveling base. Use the lifting frame to lift the top support into the hollow area of ​​the shield top block and tighten it against the shield top block. Then remove the bolts of the shield top block so that the shield top block is supported by the top block dismantling frame. Move the traveling base to move the shield top block to the underside of the top track. Then use the hoisting assembly to lift it onto the transport vehicle and transport it out of the tunnel. S3. After the top section of the shield body is disassembled, the upper oblique sections on both sides of the top section of the shield body are disassembled. The top section disassembly frame is removed from the traveling base, and the oblique sliding frame is installed on the traveling base. The disassembly methods of the two upper oblique sections of the shield body are the same. First, a first flipping bar matching the first clamping plate on the oblique sliding frame is welded to the recessed area of ​​the upper oblique section of the shield body on one side. The oblique sliding frame is tilted towards the upper oblique section of the shield body on the side to be disassembled, and the oblique sliding frame is inserted into the recessed area of ​​the upper oblique section of the shield body (10). The sliding lifting jack is controlled to push the sliding rotating bracket to move upward along the oblique sliding frame, and The flipping rods on the upper inclined block of the shield are inserted into the U-shaped or C-shaped grooves of the first clamping plate to support the upper inclined block of the shield. Then, the connecting bolts of the upper inclined block of the shield on the side to be disassembled are removed. The sliding jack is retracted to move the sliding rotating bracket and the disassembled upper inclined block of the shield to the middle and lower part of the inclined slide. The upper inclined block of the shield is adjusted by flipping along the sliding rotating bracket with the assistance of the hoisting component. Then, it is transported to the tail of the shield and hoisted to the transport vehicle for transfer outside the tunnel. After the upper inclined block of the shield on one side is disassembled, the tilting direction of the inclined sliding bracket is reversed, and the upper inclined block of the shield on the other side is disassembled using the same method. S4. After the two sets of upper oblique blocks of the shield body are dismantled, begin dismantling the two sets of upper horizontal blocks of the shield body; detach the oblique sliding frame from the traveling base and install the horizontal sliding bracket on the traveling base. Use the horizontal sliding bracket to dismantle the upper horizontal blocks of the shield body. The dismantling method for the upper horizontal blocks of the two sets of shield bodies is the same. First, dismantle the upper horizontal block of one side of the shield body. Move the horizontal sliding bracket to the position of the shield body. The horizontal sliding bracket extends into the recessed area of ​​the upper horizontal block of the shield body on the side to be dismantled. Move the support rotating frame along the horizontal sliding bracket to the recessed area of ​​the upper horizontal block of the shield body on the side to be dismantled, and then... The area is welded with a second flipping bar that matches the second clamping plate on the horizontal sliding bracket, and the second flipping bar is just embedded in the U-shaped or C-shaped groove of the second clamping plate. Remove the connecting bolts of the upper horizontal block of the shield body on the side to be removed, and move the upper horizontal block of the shield body on the side to be removed and the supporting rotating frame together to the middle of the horizontal slide using the hoisting assembly. Then, use the hoisting assembly to assist the shield body horizontal block to flip and adjust the angle along the supporting rotating frame, and then transport it to the tail of the shield, hoist it to the transport vehicle, and transfer it to the outside of the tunnel. After the upper horizontal block of one side of the shield body is dismantled, reverse the direction of the horizontal sliding bracket and use the same method to dismantle the upper horizontal block of the shield body on the other side. S5. Other sections of the lower part of the shield body are directly disassembled using hoisting components. Before each disassembly, the hoisting components are directly connected to the shield body section to be disassembled, and then the shield body section to be disassembled is removed. After being transported to the tail of the shield body by the hoisting components, it is then transferred to the outside of the tunnel by a transport vehicle.

8. A method for rapid in-situ dismantling of a large-diameter shield tunnel shell according to claim 7, characterized in that: The hoisting assembly uses a manual or electric hoist. Before dismantling the shield, a top track is laid on top of the tunnel segments to the position of the shield machine host. Four parallel top tracks are laid, each track using an I-beam slide rail. Multiple chain hoists are installed on the slide rail, and a lifting ring for installing a manual hoist is welded to the bottom of each chain hoist. The top of the I-beam slide rail is connected to the tunnel segments through a figure-eight plate. One end of the figure-eight plate is securely connected to the tunnel segments through segment bolts, and the other end is fixedly connected to the center line of the upper flange of the I-beam slide rail.

9. A method for rapid in-situ dismantling of a large-diameter shield tunnel shell according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S2, the assembly and fixing of the top block disassembly frame involves first connecting the bottom assembly support frame with the traveling base and fixing it with bolts. Then, multiple assembly support frames are stacked and assembled to the design height. Adjacent sets of assembly support frames are fixed with bolts. Finally, the lifting frame is assembled and fixed. In step S3, the disassembly process of the top block disassembly frame involves disassembling the lifting frame and multiple assembly support frames from top to bottom.

10. A method for rapid in-situ dismantling of a large-diameter shield tunnel shell according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S2, the disassembly of the top section of the shield body; in step S3, the disassembly of the upper oblique section of the shield body; and in step S4, the disassembly of the upper horizontal section of the shield body, all are carried out with the assistance of a hoisting assembly. Before disassembling the bolts of the top section of the shield body, the upper oblique section of the shield body, and the upper horizontal section of the shield body, the hoisting assembly is first connected to each section of the shield body to be disassembled. During the movement, the hoisting assembly assists in hoisting the section to the flipping area for flipping.

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