Coal briquette manufacturing device and manufacturing method thereof

Abstract

This invention discloses a briquette manufacturing device and its manufacturing method, relating to the field of biomass coal production technology. The briquette manufacturing device employs a double-acting structure with reciprocating pressure in its pressurizing mechanism, abandoning the traditional unidirectional, single-stage forming mode. Two briquette formations can be completed in a single reciprocating motion, doubling the number of briquettes formed per unit time and significantly improving biomass briquette production efficiency, making it suitable for large-scale continuous production. The shaping mechanism adopts a split-type dual-station structure, with the upper and lower shaping components simultaneously and independently completing feeding, forming, and discharging without interference. Combined with two separate conveyor belts, it achieves nearly double the production capacity within a single unit's volume. The pressurizing component integrates an upper cleaning scraper, a lower cleaning scraper, and a lifting column linkage structure, automatically scraping away residual biomass raw materials from the inner wall of the mold during pressurization and resetting, preventing raw materials from sticking to or clogging the mold, ensuring a smooth briquette surface, stable forming accuracy, and reducing the defect rate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of biomass coal production technology, specifically to a coal briquette manufacturing device and its manufacturing method. Background Technology

[0002] Biomass briquettes are composite solid fuels made primarily from agricultural and forestry waste such as straw, sawdust, rice husks, and fruit shells, mixed with a small amount of coal powder and binder. The mixture is pulverized, mixed, and cold-pressed under high pressure. The finished product has high density, good strength, and high calorific value, and can directly replace loose coal for industrial boilers, residential heating, and industrial heating. The production of biomass briquettes better utilizes agricultural and forestry waste such as straw and sawdust, solves the problem of open burning, and improves the comprehensive utilization rate of coal and biomass.

[0003] Currently, in the fields of biomass energy utilization and briquette processing, traditional briquette forming equipment mostly adopts a unidirectional stamping structure, which completes extrusion forming only once during the downward process of the pressurizing mechanism. The upward process is mostly a restoring process, which fails to effectively utilize the power stroke, resulting in low forming efficiency per unit time and difficulty in meeting the needs of large-scale continuous production. Meanwhile, most conventional equipment adopts a single-station forming structure, which can only complete the extrusion processing of one set of raw materials at the same time. The equipment space utilization rate is low. If the output is to be increased, the number of equipment needs to be increased, which not only occupies a large amount of factory space, but also increases the equipment investment and operating costs.

[0004] Therefore, the present invention proposes a coal briquette manufacturing apparatus and a manufacturing method thereof to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a briquette manufacturing device and its manufacturing method. It solves the problems of traditional briquette forming equipment, which mostly employs a unidirectional stamping structure, completing only one extrusion forming during the downward movement of the pressurizing mechanism, with the upward movement mostly involving empty strokes for reset. This fails to effectively utilize the power stroke, resulting in low forming efficiency per unit time, making it difficult to meet the needs of large-scale continuous production. Furthermore, most conventional equipment uses a single-station forming structure, completing only one set of raw materials extrusion processing at a time, leading to low equipment space utilization. Increasing output requires adding more equipment, which not only occupies a large amount of factory space but also increases equipment investment and operating costs.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a briquette manufacturing device, comprising a support frame and a forming frame fixedly disposed on one side of its top, wherein the forming frame has an clearance notch on one side of its front for briquette output, and further comprising: The shaping mechanism, located at the top of the forming frame, provides a shaping space for the biomass raw materials of briquettes and can be adjusted according to different specifications of briquettes to flexibly form briquettes of different specifications. The pressurizing mechanism is located on one side of the shaping mechanism and is used to apply extrusion pressure to the biomass raw materials in the shaping mechanism to compress the powdered biomass raw materials into briquettes. It applies extrusion pressure to the shaping mechanism during the up-and-down reciprocating motion, and completes two briquette forming operations in one up-and-down reciprocating motion. The first and second conveyor belts are respectively set on the upper and lower sides by supports and are set to correspond to the briquette output ports at the upper and lower positions in the shaping mechanism, so as to output the prepared briquettes in a timely manner.

[0007] Furthermore, a second servo motor and a drive pulley fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the second servo motor are also fixedly installed on one side of the top of the support frame. The drive pulley and the pressurizing mechanism transmit power through a transmission belt.

[0008] Furthermore, the pressurizing mechanism includes guide columns symmetrically fixed on both sides of the top of the molding frame. Guide sleeves are slidably fitted on the outer walls of the two guide columns. A crossbeam is fixedly mounted on the top of the two guide sleeves. Connecting rods are rotatably mounted on both ends of the crossbeam. A power component for driving the crossbeam to move up and down in a reciprocating motion is also mounted below the connecting rods. A support arm is fixedly mounted at the middle of the front of the crossbeam. A pressure application component and a lower push rod are detachably mounted on the side wall of the support arm near the molding mechanism, respectively. An upper push rod is also fixedly mounted on the side wall of the support arm above the lower push rod.

[0009] Furthermore, the power assembly includes a drive shaft that rotatably passes through the forming frame. A first gear is fixedly sleeved on one side of the outer wall of the drive shaft, and a third gear is rotatably mounted on one side of the first gear. A first gear shaft is fixedly mounted on one end of the third gear. The first gear shaft rotatably passes through the forming frame and is fixedly mounted on a pulley. A second gear meshes between the first gear and the third gear. A second gear shaft is fixedly mounted on one end of the second gear and is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the forming frame. Cranks are fixedly mounted on both ends of the drive shaft, and the ends of the two cranks away from the drive shaft are rotatably connected by a rotating shaft and a connecting rod at a corresponding position.

[0010] Furthermore, the pressure application assembly includes a lower pressure column detachably mounted on the side wall of the support arm via a bracket. An upper pressure column is fixedly mounted at the top of the lower pressure column. Multiple upper and lower shaping columns are fixedly mounted at the ends of the upper and lower pressure columns, respectively. A lifting column slides through the interior of the lower pressure column. An upper cleaning scraper and a lower cleaning scraper are fixedly mounted at the top and bottom of the lifting column, respectively. The top of the upper cleaning scraper is uniformly provided with first clearance through holes adapted to the structure of the multiple upper shaping columns. The multiple first clearance through holes are slidably fitted onto the outer wall of the upper shaping column at corresponding positions. The bottom of the lower cleaning scraper is uniformly provided with second clearance through holes adapted to the structure of the multiple lower shaping columns. The multiple second clearance through holes are slidably fitted onto the outer wall of the lower shaping column at corresponding positions.

[0011] Furthermore, when the bottom of the upper cleaning scraper abuts against the top of the upper pressure column, the bottom of the lower cleaning scraper is exactly at the same horizontal plane as the bottom of the lower shaping column; when the top of the lower cleaning scraper abuts against the bottom of the lower pressure column, the top of the upper cleaning scraper is exactly at the same horizontal plane as the top of the upper shaping column.

[0012] Furthermore, the shaping mechanism includes a lower shaping component rotatably mounted on top of the forming frame. A drive shaft is fixedly mounted at the bottom center of the lower shaping component. A geared motor is also fixedly mounted inside the forming frame. The output shaft of the geared motor is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the drive shaft. An upper shaping component with the same structure as the lower shaping component is movably mounted directly above the lower shaping component. A transmission sleeve is fixedly mounted at the top center of the upper shaping component. The transmission sleeve has a hexagonal hole inside. A hexagonal prism is slidably mounted inside the hexagonal hole. A first servo motor is mounted above the hexagonal prism. The output shaft of the first servo motor is fixedly connected to the top end of the hexagonal prism. The upper shaping component is rotatably and sealed at its top and bottom with an upper circular support plate and a lower circular support plate, respectively. The thickness of the lower circular support plate is set to 10 cm to 15 cm. Discharge through holes are opened at the relative positions of the upper and lower circular support plates, and an extrusion through hole is opened on one side of the bottom of the lower circular support plate. A bearing plate is fixedly installed on the side wall of the upper and lower circular support plates. The upper and lower sides of the side wall of the bearing plate are respectively fixedly installed with a feeding hopper and a discharging hopper for conveying biomass coal raw materials into the upper and lower shaping components.

[0013] Furthermore, the lower shaping component includes a turntable, the top of which is evenly provided with multiple mounting through holes along the circumferential direction. Each mounting through hole is detachably provided with a molding die by bolts. The discharge through hole, extrusion through hole, and feeding hole are respectively opposite to the three mounting through holes in the upper shaping component. The first servo motor rotates intermittently according to a preset program, and each rotation is a fixed angle, during which two adjacent mounting through holes in the upper shaping component exchange positions once. The bottom end of the hopper is sealed and slidably disposed on the top of the lower shaping component, and the reduction motor rotates intermittently according to a preset program, and each rotation is a fixed angle, during which two adjacent mounting through holes in the lower shaping component exchange positions once.

[0014] Furthermore, the pressure application component and the lower push rod are always opposite to the two mounting through holes in the lower shaping component, the upper push rod is opposite to the top of the discharge through hole, and the top of the pressure application component is opposite to the bottom of the extrusion through hole.

[0015] The present invention also discloses a method for manufacturing briquettes, for use in a briquette manufacturing apparatus, the method comprising the following steps: Step 1: After crushing straw, sawdust, rice husks and fruit shells with a crusher, they are mixed with a small amount of coal powder and binder to form biomass briquettes. The raw materials are then transported to the shaping mechanism, where the raw materials are prepared for shaping in different sections and the forming space is adjusted according to the briquette specifications. Step 2: Start the pressurizing mechanism. The pressurizing mechanism moves up and down, applying extrusion pressure to the raw material in the shaping mechanism during both the downward and upward movements. One reciprocating motion completes two briquette extrusion molding processes. Step 3: The formed briquettes are promptly output through the first and second conveyor belts corresponding to the upper and lower output ports of the shaping mechanism, thus completing the continuous production of briquettes.

[0016] This invention provides a briquette manufacturing apparatus and method. Compared with the prior art, it has the following advantages: 1. A briquette manufacturing device and its manufacturing method, which adopts a double-acting structure with reciprocating pressure in the pressurizing mechanism, abandoning the traditional unidirectional single-stage forming mode. Two briquette formations can be completed in one reciprocating motion, doubling the number of briquettes formed per unit time, significantly improving the production efficiency of biomass briquettes, and is suitable for large-scale continuous production. Secondly, the shaping mechanism adopts a split-type dual-station structure, with the upper and lower shaping components simultaneously and independently completing feeding, forming, and discharging without interference. Combined with two separate conveyor belts for output, nearly double the production capacity is achieved within the volume of a single unit, saving plant space and equipment investment costs.

[0017] 2. A coal briquette manufacturing device and its manufacturing method, which integrates an upper cleaning scraper, a lower cleaning scraper and a lifting column linkage structure through a pressure application component. During the pressure application and reset process, residual biomass raw materials on the inner wall of the mold can be automatically scraped off, preventing raw materials from sticking to the mold and blocking the mold, ensuring that the coal briquettes have a smooth surface, uniform size and stable forming accuracy, and reducing the defect rate.

[0018] 3. A coal briquette manufacturing device and its manufacturing method, wherein the upper and lower shaping components adopt a turntable intermittent rotation structure, which can sequentially complete the feeding, forming and discharging cycle. With the help of servo motor and geared motor to precisely control the rotation angle, the forming rhythm is stable and the work station docking is accurate, without the need for frequent manual intervention, thus realizing continuous automated manufacturing.

[0019] Other advantages, objectives, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following examination, or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention can be realized and obtained through the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the first overall three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the second overall three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 A magnified structural diagram of part A in the diagram; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 2 A magnified structural diagram of part B in the diagram; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the molding frame of the present invention; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 A magnified structural diagram of part C in the diagram; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the first state structure of the present invention with the support frame and forming frame removed; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the second state structure of the present invention with the support frame and forming frame removed; Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 8 A magnified structural diagram of part D in the diagram; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded state structure of the plastic mechanism and the pressurizing mechanism of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional view of the pressure application component of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the first overall three-dimensional structure of the pressure application component of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the second overall state structure of the pressure application component of the present invention; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the shaping component of the present invention; Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the shaping component of the present invention; Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the upper circular pallet and the feeding hopper of the present invention; Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded state structure of the shaping component under the present invention.

[0021] In the diagram: 1. Support frame; 2. Molding frame; 3. Clearance notch; 4. Shaping mechanism; 41. Lower shaping component; 4101. Turntable; 4102. Mounting through hole; 4103. Molding mold; 42. Upper shaping component; 43. Upper circular support plate; 44. Lower circular support plate; 45. Discharge through hole; 46. Extrusion through hole; 47. Transmission sleeve; 48. Hexagonal prism; 49. First servo motor; 410. Bearing plate; 411. Feeding hopper; 412. Discharging hopper; 413. Drive shaft; 414. Gear motor; 415. Feeding hole; 5. Pressurizing mechanism; 51. Guide 52. Guide sleeve; 53. Crossbeam; 54. Connecting rod; 55. Support arm; 56. Pressure application assembly; 561. Lower pressure application column; 562. Upper pressure application column; 563. Upper shaping column; 564. Lower shaping column; 565. Lifting column; 566. Lower cleaning scraper; 567. Upper cleaning scraper; 57. Lower push rod; 58. Upper push rod; 59. Drive shaft; 510. Crank; 511. First gear; 512. Second gear; 513. Third gear; 514. Pulley; 6. First conveyor belt; 7. Second conveyor belt; 8. Second servo motor; 9. Drive belt. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] This invention provides two technical solutions: a briquette manufacturing device, specifically including the following embodiments: like Figures 1-5 The first embodiment is shown: a briquette manufacturing apparatus, including a support frame 1 and a forming frame 2 fixedly disposed on one side of its top, the forming frame 2 having a clearance notch 3 for briquette output on one side of its front, and further including: The shaping mechanism 4 is located on top of the forming frame 2. It provides a shaping space for the briquette biomass raw material and can be adjusted according to different specifications of briquettes to flexibly form briquettes of different specifications. The pressurizing mechanism 5 is located on one side of the shaping mechanism 4 and is used to apply extrusion pressure to the biomass raw material in the shaping mechanism 4, extruding the powdered biomass raw material into briquettes. During the up-and-down reciprocating motion, it applies extrusion pressure to the shaping mechanism 4. One up-and-down reciprocating motion completes two briquette forming operations. The first conveyor belt 6 and the second conveyor belt 7 are respectively set on the upper and lower sides by brackets and are set to correspond to the briquette output ports at the upper and lower positions in the shaping mechanism 4, so as to output the prepared briquettes in a timely manner.

[0024] In this embodiment, the support frame 1 serves as the overall support foundation for the device, and is formed by welding high-strength metal profiles to ensure the stability of the device operation; the forming frame 2 has a hollow cavity structure, providing installation space for the internal power transmission components; the width and height of the clearance notch 3 are adapted to the size of the formed briquettes to prevent scraping during briquette output; the shaping mechanism 4 adopts an upper and lower split shaping structure, corresponding to the upper and lower forming stations respectively, to achieve synchronous forming at two stations; the pressurizing mechanism 5 adopts a double-acting pressure design, abandoning the traditional unidirectional pressure structure and greatly improving production efficiency; the first conveyor belt 6 and the second conveyor belt 7 are anti-slip conveyor belts with a flexible buffer layer on the surface to prevent the briquettes from breaking during transportation.

[0025] A second servo motor 8 and a drive pulley fixed on the output shaft of the second servo motor 8 are also fixedly installed on one side of the top of the support frame 1. The drive pulley and the pressurizing mechanism 5 transmit power through a transmission belt 9.

[0026] The second servo motor 8 is fixedly mounted on the mounting base on the top of the support frame 1 by bolts. The mounting base is equipped with shock-absorbing pads to reduce the impact of motor vibration on the molding accuracy of the device. The drive pulley and the output shaft of the second servo motor 8 are connected by a key to ensure that the power transmission is slip-free. The transmission belt 9 is a synchronous toothed belt that meshes with the drive pulley and the driven pulley on the pressure mechanism 5 to achieve precise power transmission and ensure that the movement rhythm of the pressure mechanism 5 is synchronized with the operation rhythm of the shaping mechanism 4.

[0027] like Figures 6-17The second embodiment is shown. The pressurizing mechanism 5 includes guide columns 51 symmetrically fixed on both sides of the top of the molding frame 2. Guide sleeves 52 are slidably sleeved on the outer walls of the two guide columns 51. A crossbeam 53 is fixedly mounted on the top of the two guide sleeves 52. A connecting rod 54 is rotatably mounted on both ends of the crossbeam 53. A power component for driving the crossbeam 53 to move up and down in a reciprocating motion is also mounted below the connecting rod 54. A support arm 55 is fixedly mounted on the middle of the front of the crossbeam 53. A pressure application component 56 and a lower push rod 57 are detachably mounted on the side wall of the support arm 55 near the molding mechanism 4, respectively. An upper push rod 58 is also fixedly mounted on the side wall of the support arm 55 above the lower push rod 57.

[0028] In this embodiment, the guide column 51 is a smooth chrome-plated metal rod, vertically fixed to the top of the forming frame 2, providing linear guidance for the guide sleeve 52 and preventing the crossbeam 53 from shifting during movement; the inner wall of the guide sleeve 52 is equipped with a self-lubricating bearing to reduce sliding friction resistance; the crossbeam 53 is made of rigid metal plate to ensure no deformation during pressure application; both ends of the connecting rod 54 are hinged to achieve flexible power transmission; the support arm 55 is integrally formed with the crossbeam 53 to ensure structural strength; the pressure application component 56, the lower push rod 57, and the upper push rod 58 are all detachably connected by bolts, which can be quickly replaced according to the specifications of the briquettes to adapt to different forming requirements.

[0029] In this embodiment, the power assembly includes a drive shaft 59 that rotatably passes through the forming frame 2. A first gear 511 is fixedly sleeved on one side of the outer wall of the drive shaft 59. A third gear 513 is rotatably mounted on one side of the first gear 511. A first gear shaft is fixedly mounted on one end of the third gear 513. The first gear shaft rotatably passes through the forming frame 2 and is fixedly mounted on a pulley 514. The end of the drive belt 9 away from the second servo motor 8 is sleeved on the outer wall of the pulley 514. A second gear 512 meshes between the first gear 511 and the third gear 513. A second gear shaft is fixedly mounted on one end of the second gear 512. The second gear shaft is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the forming frame 2. Cranks 510 are fixedly mounted on both ends of the drive shaft 59. The ends of the two cranks 510 away from the drive shaft 59 are rotatably connected through a rotating shaft and a connecting rod 54 at a corresponding position.

[0030] In this embodiment, the drive shaft 59 is rotatably mounted on the side wall of the forming frame 2 via bearings. The bearings are sealed deep groove ball bearings to prevent dust from entering and affecting the transmission. The first gear 511, the second gear 512, and the third gear 513 are all precision spur gears with uniform meshing clearance to ensure smooth transmission. The pulley 514 is keyed to the first gear shaft and works with the drive belt 9 to achieve power input. The crank 510 is fixedly connected to the drive shaft 59 and rotates with the drive shaft 59 to drive the connecting rod 54 to move, converting the rotational motion into the linear reciprocating motion of the crossbeam 53. The power transmission efficiency is high and the motion trajectory is accurate.

[0031] In this embodiment, the pressure application component 56 includes a lower pressure column 561 detachably mounted on the side wall of the support arm 55 via a bracket. An upper pressure column 562 is fixedly mounted at the top of the lower pressure column 561. Multiple upper shaping columns 563 and lower shaping columns 564 are fixedly mounted at the ends of the upper pressure column 562 and the lower pressure column 561, respectively. A lifting column 565 slides through the interior of the lower pressure column 561. An upper cleaning scraper 567 and a lower cleaning scraper 566 are fixedly mounted at the top and bottom of the lifting column 565, respectively. The top of the upper cleaning scraper 567 is evenly provided with first clearance through holes that are adapted to the structure of the multiple upper shaping columns 563. The multiple first clearance through holes are slidably fitted onto the outer wall of the upper shaping columns 563 at corresponding positions. The bottom of the lower cleaning scraper 566 is evenly provided with second clearance through holes that are adapted to the structure of the multiple lower shaping columns 564. The multiple second clearance through holes are slidably fitted onto the outer wall of the lower shaping columns 564 at corresponding positions.

[0032] The lower pressure column 561 and upper pressure column 562 are made of high-strength alloy material to ensure no deformation during pressure application; the number and size of the upper shaping column 563 and lower shaping column 564 match the forming mold inside the shaping mechanism 4; the lifting column 565 and lower pressure column 561 have a sliding clearance fit to ensure smooth up and down sliding; the upper cleaning scraper 567 and lower cleaning scraper 566 are made of flexible and wear-resistant material, which can scrape off the residual raw material on the inner wall of the forming mold without damaging the mold; the inner diameter of the first clearance through hole and the second clearance through hole is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the upper shaping column 563 and lower shaping column 564, so that the sliding is smooth.

[0033] In this embodiment, when the bottom of the upper cleaning scraper 567 abuts against the top of the upper pressure column 562, the bottom of the lower cleaning scraper 566 is exactly at the same level as the bottom of the lower shaping column 564. When the top of the lower cleaning scraper 566 abuts against the bottom of the lower pressure column 561, the top of the upper cleaning scraper 567 and the top of the upper shaping column 563 are exactly at the same level.

[0034] By limiting the positions of the upper cleaning scraper 567 and the lower cleaning scraper 566, it is ensured that the upper shaping column 563 and the lower shaping column 564 can fully extend into the molding die to complete the extrusion molding during the pressure application and resetting process, and can also completely scrape off the residual biomass raw materials in the mold during resetting, so as to avoid the raw materials sticking to the mold and affecting the subsequent molding accuracy. At the same time, it ensures that the relative position of the shaping column and the scraper is always adapted to the molding station, without interference or misalignment.

[0035] In this embodiment, the shaping mechanism 4 includes a lower shaping component 41 rotatably mounted on top of the molding frame 2. A drive shaft 413 is fixedly mounted at the bottom center of the lower shaping component 41. A reduction motor 414 is also fixedly mounted inside the molding frame 2. The output shaft of the reduction motor 414 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the drive shaft 413. An upper shaping component 42 with the same structure as the lower shaping component 41 is movably mounted directly above the lower shaping component 41. A transmission sleeve 47 is fixedly mounted at the top center of the upper shaping component 42. The interior of the transmission sleeve 47 is a hexagonal hole. A hexagonal prism 48 is slidably mounted inside the hexagonal hole. A first servo motor 49 is mounted above the hexagonal prism 48. The output shaft is fixedly connected to the top of the hexagonal prism 48. The top and bottom of the upper shaping component 42 are respectively sealed and rotatably equipped with an upper circular support plate 43 and a lower circular support plate 44. The thickness of the lower circular support plate 44 is set to 10 cm to 15 cm. The upper circular support plate 43 and the lower circular support plate 44 are respectively provided with discharge through holes 45 at their relative positions. The bottom side of the lower circular support plate 44 is provided with an extrusion through hole 46. The side walls of the upper circular support plate 43 and the lower circular support plate 44 are jointly fixedly equipped with a bearing plate 410. The upper and lower sides of the side wall of the bearing plate 410 are respectively fixedly equipped with a feeding hopper 411 and a discharging hopper 412 for conveying biomass coal raw materials into the upper shaping component 42 and the lower shaping component 41. The extra-thickness design of the lower circular support plate 44 allows time for the rotation of the upper shaping component 42 during the upward movement of the pressure component 56 and its entry into the extrusion through hole. This time allows the upper shaping component 42 to rotate until one of the mounting through holes 4102 is completely opposite to the extrusion through hole, preventing the biomass coal raw material from leaking through the extrusion through hole 46.

[0036] In this embodiment, the support plate 410 is fixedly installed on the top of the forming frame 2, and the bottom discharge port of the feeding hopper 411 abuts against the top of the feeding hole 415, that is, the biomass briquette raw material in the feeding hopper 411 can enter the feeding hole 415 through the bottom discharge port of the feeding hopper 411.

[0037] The lower shaping component 41 and the upper shaping component 42 are coaxially arranged rotary shaping structures. The bottom of the lower shaping component 41 is connected to the geared motor 414 through the drive shaft 413, and is driven by the geared motor 414 to perform intermittent fixed-angle rotation. The top of the upper shaping component 42 is connected to the first servo motor 49 through the transmission sleeve 47 and the hexagonal prism 48, and is driven by the first servo motor 49 to perform intermittent fixed-angle rotation. The two components are initially installed and their coaxial angle is calibrated, and the rotation start and stop sequence is perfectly matched with the rotation angle.

[0038] The transmission sleeve 47 has a hexagonal hole inside, which forms a sliding torque fit with the hexagonal prism 48. It can transmit the rotational driving force of the first servo motor 49 to ensure that the upper shaping component 42 and the lower shaping component 41 are synchronously rotated and positioned, and also allows the upper shaping component 42 to float slightly in the axial direction to adapt to the extrusion force and movement stroke of the pressure component 56.

[0039] The top and bottom of the upper shaping component 42 form a sealed rotational fit with the upper circular support plate 43 and the lower circular support plate 44, respectively, effectively preventing the biomass raw materials from leaking from the rotation gap; the upper circular support plate 43 and the lower circular support plate 44 are respectively provided with discharge through holes 45, and the bottom side of the lower circular support plate 44 is provided with an extrusion through hole 46. All of the above through holes are precisely corresponding to the molding positions of the upper shaping component 42 and the lower shaping component 41.

[0040] The upper circular support plate 43 and the lower circular support plate 44 are fixedly installed on the top of the molding frame 2 by the support plate 410, keeping their positions fixed. The feeding hopper 411 and the unloading hopper 412 installed on the support plate 410 correspond to the feeding positions of the upper molding component 42 and the lower molding component 41, respectively. The discharge port at the bottom of the feeding hopper 411 is sealed and connected to the feeding hole 415 to ensure that the biomass raw materials fall stably into the corresponding cavity without spillage or blockage.

[0041] In this embodiment, the lower shaping component 41 includes a turntable 4101. Multiple mounting through holes 4102 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction on the top of the turntable 4101. A molding die 4103 is detachably mounted in each mounting through hole 4102 via bolts. The discharge through hole 45, extrusion through hole 46, and feeding hole 415 are respectively positioned opposite to the three mounting through holes 4102 in the upper shaping component 42. The first servo motor 49 rotates intermittently according to a preset program, rotating a fixed angle each time, causing two adjacent mounting through holes 4102 in the upper shaping component 42 to exchange positions once. The bottom end of the discharge hopper 412 is slidably and sealingly mounted on the top of the lower shaping component 41. The reduction motor 414 rotates intermittently according to a preset program, rotating a fixed angle each time, causing two adjacent mounting through holes 4102 in the lower shaping component 41 to exchange positions once. The top end of the transmission sleeve 47 rotates through the upper circular support plate 43 and extends to the outside. The turntable 4101 is made of wear-resistant metal, and the mounting through holes 4102 are evenly distributed along the circumference to ensure uniform distribution of the forming stations; the forming mold 4103 is detachable and replaceable, and the forming cavities of different specifications of briquettes can be quickly switched; the first servo motor 49 and the geared motor 414 are controlled by PLC program, and the intermittent rotation angle is precise to ensure accurate docking of the feeding, forming and discharging stations; the feeding hopper 412 is sealed and slidably connected to the lower shaping component 41 to prevent raw material leakage, while not affecting the rotation of the turntable 4101; the transmission sleeve 47 is equipped with a sealed bearing at the point where it passes through the upper circular support plate 43 to ensure smooth rotation and sealing.

[0042] In this embodiment, the pressure application component 56 and the lower push rod 57 are always opposite to the two mounting through holes 4102 in the lower shaping component 41, the upper push rod 58 is opposite to the top of the discharge through hole 45, and the top of the pressure application component 56 is opposite to the bottom of the extrusion through hole 46.

[0043] In this embodiment, when the crossbeam 53 moves down to its limit position, the top end of the pressure application component 56 disengages from the extrusion through hole 46. At this time, the bottom end of the lower pressure column 561 extends into one of the mounting through holes 4102 in the lower shaping component 41. The lower cleaning scraper 566 moves upward due to the reaction force of the biomass briquettes, making the top of the upper cleaning scraper 567 flush with the top end of the upper shaping column 563 and closely attached to the bottom of the extrusion through hole 46. This prevents the upper shaping column from being directly opposite the extrusion through hole 46. When the raw material of the briquettes in the mounting through hole 4102 of the shaping component 42 falls out, and the crossbeam 53 moves up to the limit position, the upper pressure column 562 extends into one of the mounting through holes 4102 in the upper shaping component 42 through the extrusion through hole 46. The upper cleaning scraper 567 is pushed down by the biomass briquettes until the lower cleaning scraper 566 moves down to be flush with the bottom end of the lower shaping column 564. At this time, the bottom of the lower cleaning scraper 566 is in close contact with the top of the lower shaping component 41 and can slide relative to it.

[0044] This invention also provides a method for manufacturing briquettes, used in a briquette manufacturing apparatus, the method comprising the following steps: Step 1: After crushing straw, wood chips, rice husks and fruit shells with a crusher, they are mixed with a small amount of coal powder and binder to form biomass briquette raw materials, which are then transported to the shaping mechanism 4. The shaping mechanism 4 prepares the raw materials by dividing them into sections and adjusts the forming space according to the briquette specifications. Using the support frame 1 as the overall support base, biomass briquettes are fed into the upper hopper 411 and the lower hopper 412 on the bearing plate 410 respectively. The raw materials fall from the upper hopper 411 into the feeding hole 415 of the upper shaping component 42, and then fall into the lower shaping component 41 through the lower hopper 412, completing the zoned feeding. The first servo motor 49 and the reduction motor 414 are started. The first servo motor 49 drives the upper shaping component 42 to rotate intermittently through the hexagonal prism 48 and the transmission sleeve 47. The reduction motor 414 drives the lower shaping component 41 to rotate synchronously and intermittently through the drive shaft 413, so that the mounting through holes 4102 on the turntable 4101 rotate sequentially to the feeding position. According to the target coal specifications, replace the forming mold 4103 in the installation through hole 4102, and adjust the size of the forming cavity of the upper forming component 42 and the lower forming component 41; the upper circular support plate 43 and the lower circular support plate 44 are kept fixed to provide sealing support for the upper forming component 42 and the lower forming component 41. The lower circular support plate 44 is reserved with sufficient thickness to prevent the raw material from leaking from the extrusion through hole 46, thus completing the precise adjustment of the forming space and the preparation of the raw material for zoning and forming.

[0045] Step 2: Start the pressurizing mechanism 5. The pressurizing mechanism 5 moves up and down in a reciprocating motion. During the downward and upward movements, it applies extrusion pressure to the raw material in the shaping mechanism 4. One reciprocating motion completes two coal briquette extrusion molding processes. The second servo motor 8 on the forming frame 2 is activated, driving the drive pulley to rotate. The power is transmitted to the pulley 514 via the transmission belt 9, driving the first gear 511, the second gear 512, and the third gear 513 to mesh and rotate the transmission shaft 59. The cranks 510 at both ends of the transmission shaft 59 rotate synchronously, pushing the crossbeam 53 to reciprocate up and down along the guide column 51 and the guide sleeve 52 via the connecting rod 54. When the crossbeam 53 moves down, the support arm 55 drives the pressure application component 56 to move down synchronously. The lower pressure column 561 extends into the forming mold 4103 of the lower shaping component 41 through the extrusion through hole 46, and the lower shaping column 564 applies downward pressure to the raw material. At the same time, the lower push rod 57 assists in positioning, and the lower cleaning scraper 566 scrapes away the residual raw material on the inner wall of the mold, completing the one-time forming process. When the crossbeam 53 moves upward, the upper pressure column 562 extends into the forming mold 4103 of the upper shaping component 42 through the extrusion through hole 46, and the upper shaping column 563 applies upward pressure to the raw material; the upper push rod 58 cooperates in positioning, and the upper cleaning scraper 567 scrapes away the residual raw material on the inner wall of the mold, completing the upward secondary forming; the lifting column 565 slides adaptively with the pressure stroke, ensuring that the upper cleaning scraper 567, the lower cleaning scraper 566 are precisely matched with the upper shaping column 563, and the lower shaping column 564, and the two briquette formings are completed in one up-and-down reciprocating motion.

[0046] Step 3: The formed briquettes are promptly output through the first conveyor belt 6 and the second conveyor belt 7, which correspond to the upper and lower output ports of the shaping mechanism 4, to complete the continuous production of briquettes. The briquettes formed in the upper shaping component 42 rotate with the turntable 4101 to the discharge hole 45 of the upper circular support plate 43. Under the assistance of gravity and the upper push rod 58, they fall through the discharge hole 45 onto the first conveyor belt 6. The briquettes formed in the lower shaping component 41 rotate with the turntable 4101 to the corresponding discharge position. Under the assistance of the lower push rod 57, they fall through the clearance notch 3 of the forming frame 2 onto the second conveyor belt 7. The first conveyor belt 6 and the second conveyor belt 7 operate synchronously, smoothly conveying the briquettes formed at the upper and lower workstations outward. Throughout the process, the support frame 1 keeps the device stable, the pressurizing mechanism 5 continuously applies pressure, and the shaping mechanism 4 continuously feeds, rotates, and forms briquettes intermittently, realizing the continuous automated manufacturing of biomass briquettes.

[0047] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0048] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A briquette manufacturing apparatus, comprising a support frame and a forming frame fixedly disposed on one side of its top, wherein a clearance notch for briquette output is provided on one side of the front of the forming frame, characterized in that, Also includes: The shaping mechanism, located at the top of the forming frame, provides shaping space for the biomass raw materials of briquettes and can be adjusted according to different specifications of briquettes to flexibly form briquettes of different specifications. The pressurizing mechanism is located on one side of the shaping mechanism and is used to apply extrusion pressure to the biomass raw materials in the shaping mechanism to compress the powdered biomass raw materials into briquettes. It applies extrusion pressure to the shaping mechanism during the up-and-down reciprocating motion, and completes two briquette forming operations in one up-and-down reciprocating motion. The first and second conveyor belts are respectively set on the upper and lower sides by supports and are set to correspond to the briquette output ports at the upper and lower positions in the shaping mechanism, so as to output the prepared briquettes in a timely manner.

2. The briquette manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second servo motor and a drive pulley fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the second servo motor are also fixedly installed on one side of the top of the support frame. The drive pulley and the pressurizing mechanism transmit power through a transmission belt.

3. The briquette manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressurizing mechanism includes guide columns symmetrically fixed on both sides of the top of the molding frame. Guide sleeves are slidably fitted on the outer walls of the two guide columns. A crossbeam is fixedly mounted on the top of the two guide sleeves. Connecting rods are rotatably mounted on both ends of the crossbeam. A power component for driving the crossbeam to move up and down in a reciprocating motion is also mounted below the connecting rods. A support arm is fixedly mounted at the middle of the front of the crossbeam. A pressure application component and a lower push rod are detachably mounted on the side wall of the support arm near the molding mechanism. An upper push rod is also fixedly mounted on the side wall of the support arm above the lower push rod.

4. The briquette manufacturing apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that: The power assembly includes a drive shaft that rotates through the forming frame. A first gear is fixedly sleeved on one side of the outer wall of the drive shaft. A third gear is rotatably mounted on one side of the first gear. A first gear shaft is fixedly mounted on one end of the third gear. The first gear shaft rotates through the forming frame and is fixedly mounted on a pulley. A second gear meshes between the first gear and the third gear. A second gear shaft is fixedly mounted on one end of the second gear and is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the forming frame. Cranks are fixedly mounted on both ends of the drive shaft. The ends of the two cranks away from the drive shaft are rotatably connected by a rotating shaft and a connecting rod at a corresponding position.

5. The briquette manufacturing apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pressure application assembly includes a lower pressure column detachably mounted on the side wall of the support arm via a bracket. An upper pressure column is fixedly mounted at the top of the lower pressure column. Multiple upper and lower shaping columns are fixedly mounted at the ends of the upper and lower pressure columns, respectively. A lifting column slides through the interior of the lower pressure column. An upper cleaning scraper and a lower cleaning scraper are fixedly mounted at the top and bottom of the lifting column, respectively. The top of the upper cleaning scraper is uniformly provided with first clearance through holes adapted to the structure of the multiple upper shaping columns. The multiple first clearance through holes are slidably fitted onto the outer wall of the upper shaping column at corresponding positions. The bottom of the lower cleaning scraper is uniformly provided with second clearance through holes adapted to the structure of the multiple lower shaping columns. The multiple second clearance through holes are slidably fitted onto the outer wall of the lower shaping column at corresponding positions.

6. The briquette manufacturing apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the bottom of the upper cleaning scraper abuts against the top of the upper pressure column, the bottom of the lower cleaning scraper is exactly at the same level as the bottom of the lower shaping column. When the top of the lower cleaning scraper abuts against the bottom of the lower pressure column, the top of the upper cleaning scraper is exactly at the same level as the top of the upper shaping column.

7. The briquette manufacturing apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that: The shaping mechanism includes a lower shaping component rotatably mounted on top of a forming frame. A drive shaft is fixedly mounted at the bottom center of the lower shaping component. A geared motor is also fixedly mounted inside the forming frame. The output shaft of the geared motor is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the drive shaft. An upper shaping component with the same structure as the lower shaping component is movably mounted directly above the lower shaping component. A transmission sleeve is fixedly mounted at the top center of the upper shaping component. The transmission sleeve has a hexagonal hole inside. A hexagonal prism is slidably mounted inside the hexagonal hole. A first servo motor is mounted above the hexagonal prism. The output shaft of the first servo motor is fixedly connected to the top end of the hexagonal prism. The upper shaping component is rotatably and sealed at its top and bottom with an upper circular support plate and a lower circular support plate, respectively. The thickness of the lower circular support plate is set to 10 cm to 15 cm. Discharge through holes are opened at the relative positions of the upper and lower circular support plates, and an extrusion through hole is opened on one side of the bottom of the lower circular support plate. A bearing plate is fixedly installed on the side wall of the upper and lower circular support plates. The upper and lower sides of the side wall of the bearing plate are respectively fixedly installed with a feeding hopper and a discharging hopper for conveying biomass coal raw materials into the upper and lower shaping components.

8. The briquette manufacturing apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that: The lower shaping component includes a turntable. The top of the turntable has multiple mounting through holes evenly distributed along the circumference. A forming mold is detachably installed in each mounting through hole by bolts. The discharge through hole, extrusion through hole, and feeding hole are respectively opposite to the three mounting through holes in the upper shaping component. The first servo motor rotates intermittently according to a preset program. Each rotation is a fixed angle, and the positions of two adjacent mounting through holes in the upper shaping component are exchanged once. The bottom end of the hopper is sealed and slidably disposed on the top of the lower shaping component. The reduction motor rotates intermittently according to a preset program. Each rotation is a fixed angle, and the positions of two adjacent mounting through holes in the lower shaping component are exchanged once.

9. A briquette manufacturing apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that: The pressure application component and the lower push rod are always opposite to the two mounting through holes in the lower shaping component, the upper push rod is opposite to the top of the discharge through hole, and the top of the pressure application component is opposite to the bottom of the extrusion through hole.

10. A method for manufacturing coal briquettes, characterized in that: For a briquette manufacturing apparatus as described in any one of claims 1-9, the method comprises the following steps: Step 1: After crushing straw, sawdust, rice husks and fruit shells with a crusher, they are mixed with a small amount of coal powder and binder to form biomass briquettes. The raw materials are then transported to the shaping mechanism, where the raw materials are prepared for shaping in different sections and the forming space is adjusted according to the briquette specifications. Step 2: Start the pressurizing mechanism. The pressurizing mechanism moves up and down, applying extrusion pressure to the raw material in the shaping mechanism during both the downward and upward movements. One reciprocating motion completes two briquette extrusion molding processes. Step 3: The formed briquettes are promptly output through the first and second conveyor belts corresponding to the upper and lower output ports of the shaping mechanism, thus completing the continuous production of briquettes.

Images