Coal gasification burner and coal gasification safety monitoring system

Abstract

This invention discloses a coal gasification burner and a coal gasification safety monitoring system, belonging to the field of safety protection in coal gasification technology. The coal gasification burner includes: a burner body and a connecting flange fixedly connected to one side of the burner body. An annular wall is provided within the burner body, and the annular wall and the connecting flange divide the burner body into an oxygen channel and a coal medium channel. A leakage detection channel is provided within the annular wall, and the leakage detection channel is connected to a liquid supply device via a first pipeline. A first flow detection device is provided on the first pipeline. This invention enables real-time online monitoring of wear or cracks in the internal isolation wall of the coal gasification burner. It can issue an early warning when the leakage is still in its trace stage, preventing the accident from escalating.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of safety protection in coal gasification technology in coal chemical industry, and particularly to the burner structure and safety monitoring system for ensuring the safe online operation of pulverized coal / coal slurry burners in fluidized bed gasification. Background Technology

[0002] Coal chemical industry is one of the pillar industries in China's chemical industry, and coal gasification is an important device for realizing the conversion of coal. The core reaction equipment of fluidized bed coal gasification technology is the gasifier, but the input of reactants (coal and oxygen, etc.) is achieved through burners installed on the gasifier. Depending on the feeding method of raw coal, it can be divided into pulverized coal gasification with dry coal powder feeding and water coal slurry gasification technology with coal slurry liquid feeding.

[0003] The materials fed into the gasifier through the burner include coal medium (hereinafter referred to as coal medium) and oxygen. Depending on the characteristics of the coal, steam or other substances may also be added. These media are fed into the gasifier through different channels within the burner. Moreover, in order to achieve high gasification conversion efficiency, coal and oxygen need to have a high flow rate in the channels. Especially for coal medium, due to its special characteristics of "gas-carrying solid" or "liquid-carrying solid" medium, the erosion and wear of the channels under its flow is unavoidable. If the coal material contains some impurities (which is difficult to avoid due to the mining characteristics of coal), it will aggravate the wear of the channels, making the channels thinner. There is a possibility that the channels will break, causing the medium to leak out or that the coal and oxygen will prematurely react before entering the gasifier. If this is not detected in time, the burner will continue to operate, which may lead to a serious safety accident. The aforementioned risks have always existed, and currently there is no effective means to monitor them online. The only current method is for the plant to periodically shut down and remove the burners for inspection, based on its own experience. This approach is not entirely controllable, shortens the gasification operation cycle, and increases start-up and shutdown costs, failing to meet the long-term, stable, efficient, and economical requirements of modern coal chemical industry development. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a simple and intuitive online monitoring method that can promptly detect leaks in the burner channels and automatically perform relevant safety control operations in the event of the aforementioned problems, preventing the escalation of damage and avoiding secondary accidents and disasters. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To this end, the present invention proposes a coal gasification burner and a coal gasification safety monitoring system, which realizes leakage monitoring of coal gasification equipment and interlock protection based on leakage.

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A coal gasification burner includes: a burner body and a connecting flange fixedly connected to one side of the burner body. The burner body has an annular wall, which, together with the connecting flange, divides the burner body into an oxygen channel and a coal medium channel. The annular wall has a leakage detection channel, which is connected to a liquid supply device via a first pipeline. The first pipeline is equipped with a first flow detection device.

[0006] In some embodiments of the present invention, the leak detection channel is connected to a nitrogen supply device via a second pipeline.

[0007] In some embodiments of the present invention, a cooling water circulation channel is provided inside the outer wall of the burner body, a second flow detection device is provided on the inlet pipe of the cooling water circulation channel, and a third flow detection device is provided on the outlet pipe of the cooling water circulation channel.

[0008] In some embodiments of the present invention, a partition plate is provided in the cooling water circulation channel, the partition plate dividing the cooling water circulation channel into an inner cooling water channel and an outer cooling water channel, the inlet pipe of the cooling water circulation channel being connected to the outer cooling water channel, and the outlet pipe of the cooling water circulation channel being connected to the inner cooling water channel.

[0009] The present invention also provides a coal gasification safety monitoring system, including a gasifier, a coal gasification burner, a control unit and an alarm device; the oxygen channel of the coal gasification burner is connected to the nitrogen supply device through a third pipeline, and the coal medium channel of the coal gasification burner is connected to the nitrogen supply device through a fourth pipeline. When the detected value of the first flow detection device is greater than the first set threshold, the control unit controls the alarm device to issue an alarm signal.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present invention, when the detection value of the first flow detection device is less than a second set threshold, the control unit controls the nitrogen supply device to supply high-pressure nitrogen to the leak detection channel, wherein the second set threshold is greater than the first set threshold.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present invention, when the detection value of the first flow detection device is less than a third preset threshold, the control unit controls the nitrogen supply device to supply high-pressure nitrogen to the oxygen channel and the coal medium channel; wherein the third preset threshold is greater than the second preset threshold.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present invention, the coal gasification burner further includes a cooling water circulation channel. When the flow difference between the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe of the cooling water circulation channel is greater than a fourth preset threshold, the control unit controls the nitrogen supply device to supply high-pressure nitrogen to the oxygen channel and the coal medium channel.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present invention, a cooling water supply device is further included, which is connected to the inlet pipe of the cooling water circulation channel. The cooling water supply device includes a cooling water tank, the upper side of which is connected to a nitrogen supply device. The control unit controls the nitrogen supply device to supply high-pressure nitrogen to the cooling water tank.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present invention, a first pressure sensor for detecting the pressure of the cold water tank and a second pressure sensor for detecting the pressure of the gasifier are also included. The control unit controls the nitrogen supply device based on the detection values ​​of the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor, so that the pressure of the cold water tank is greater than the pressure of the gasifier.

[0015] The technical solution of the present invention has the following technical effects compared with the prior art: The coal gasification burner provided by this invention achieves real-time online monitoring of wear or cracks in the internal isolation wall of the coal gasification burner by setting a leakage detection channel within the annular wall and cooperating with a first flow detection device. Compared with the traditional method of judging leakage by relying solely on indirect parameters such as temperature and pressure, this solution has higher sensitivity and reliability by directly detecting the flow rate of the leakage detection channel, and can issue an early warning when the leakage is still in its trace stage, preventing the accident from escalating.

[0016] Furthermore, this invention employs a graded response control strategy, automatically switching between different safety measures based on the flow rate of the leak detection channel. For example, a small leak only triggers an alarm; a moderate leak introduces high-pressure nitrogen to form a gas seal, maintaining burner operation for a short period; and a severe leak automatically cuts off fuel and oxygen and performs nitrogen purging. This graded approach avoids economic losses caused by unnecessary emergency shutdowns while ensuring absolute safety under extreme operating conditions.

[0017] Furthermore, the flow difference monitoring between the inlet and outlet of the cooling water circulation channel in the coal gasification burner of the present invention can effectively identify cooling water leakage and thus determine the wear of the coal gasification burner, and is interlocked with the nitrogen purging of the burner channel to form a complete safety early warning control for the coal gasification burner.

[0018] Furthermore, by controlling the pressure of the cooling water tank to be higher than the pressure of the coal medium channel and setting up a pressure sensor for closed-loop regulation, the present invention ensures that once wear occurs between the coal powder and the cooling water pipe wall, the cooling water leaks into the coal powder channel and eventually enters the gasifier to participate in the reaction, thus ensuring the safe operation of the device. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which will help to understand the purpose and advantages of the present invention, wherein: Figure 1 A longitudinal sectional view of a specific embodiment of the coal gasification burner provided by the present invention; Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of a specific embodiment of the coal gasification burner provided by the present invention; Figure 3 This is a system configuration diagram of the coal gasification safety monitoring system provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0022] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0023] Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0024] like Figure 1 , Figure 2The diagram illustrates a specific embodiment of the coal gasification burner provided by the present invention, comprising a burner body 10 and a connecting flange 20 fixedly connected to one side of the burner body 10. The burner body 10 has an annular wall 11, which, together with the connecting flange 20, divides the internal space of the burner body 10 into an oxygen channel 10a and a coal medium channel 10b. Specifically, the oxygen channel 10a is located inside the annular wall 11 and is used to transport the gasifying agent oxygen; the coal medium channel 10b is located between the outer side of the annular wall 11 and the outer wall of the burner body 10 and is used to transport fuels such as pulverized coal or coal-water slurry.

[0025] The annular wall 11 has a closed leakage detection channel 10c inside, which extends axially along the annular wall 11 and can extend to the front end (flame end) and rear end (flange end) of the burner body 10, respectively. Specifically, as a preferred embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the annular wall 11 consists of a main body portion 111 located in the central region and a first connecting portion 112 and a second connecting portion 113 respectively fixedly connected to both ends of the main body portion 111. The main body portion 111 has a sleeve structure with an inner wall of a cylindrical surface of equal diameter and an axially extending leakage detection channel 10c inside. The first connecting portion 112 located at the flange end (i.e., the rear end of the burner body 10) and the second connecting portion 113 located at the flame end (i.e., the front end of the burner body 10) are respectively constructed as sleeve structures with conical inner walls. From the rear end to the front end of the burner body 10, the inner walls of the first connecting portion 112 and the second connecting portion 113 gradually taper, i.e., the inner diameter gradually decreases. Specifically, the inner wall of the first connecting portion 112 tapers from the flange end towards the main body portion 111, and the inner wall of the second connecting portion 113 tapers from the main body portion 111 towards the flame end. The main body 111, the first connecting part 112 and the second connecting part 113 of the annular wall 11 can be integrally formed or welded together. The material is selected as high temperature resistant and wear resistant alloy steel, such as nickel-based alloy steel.

[0026] Through the above structure, a smooth oxygen channel 10a is formed inside the annular wall 11. The gradually tapering conical inner wall can accelerate the oxygen flow: when the oxygen flows through the first connecting part 112, the flow velocity increases as the flow cross-sectional area gradually decreases, forming a high-speed jet; after flowing through the equal-diameter section of the main body 111, it is accelerated again at the second connecting part 113 and injected into the combustion zone of the gasifier at a higher speed. This two-stage acceleration design helps to achieve strong turbulent mixing of oxygen and coal at the burner outlet, improving gasification reaction efficiency and carbon conversion rate. At the same time, the conical tapering structure can reduce eddy current losses in oxygen flow, reduce flow resistance, and make the flame shape more stable and concentrated, effectively preventing backfire or flameout. In addition, the main body 111 in the central region adopts an equal-diameter sleeve structure, which facilitates the uniform arrangement of multiple leakage detection channels 10c along the circumference inside, and is easy to manufacture and control in terms of dimensional accuracy. The first connecting part 112 and the second connecting part 113 are processed independently and then fixedly connected to the main body 111. This allows for flexible adjustment of the taper angle and outlet diameter according to different gasification process requirements, improving the adaptability of the burner. At the same time, the material upgrade of the second connecting part 113 improves the corrosion resistance and erosion wear of the burner head, resulting in a significant extension of the burner head's lifespan.

[0027] Specifically, the leak detection channel 10c is connected to a liquid supply device via a first pipe 31. The liquid supply device can be a cooling water supply device as described below. A first flow detection device Q1 is installed on the first pipe 31. The first flow detection device Q1 is used to monitor the liquid flow rate in the leak detection channel 10c in real time. When the burner is working normally, the annular wall 11 completely isolates oxygen from the coal medium, and the liquid in the leak detection channel 10c is in a static or micro-circulation state. The detection value of the first flow detection device Q1 is stable at a very low baseline value. Once the annular wall 11 develops penetrating cracks or holes due to wear, corrosion, or thermal stress, the liquid in the leak detection channel 10c will flow, and the detection value of the first flow detection device Q1 will increase significantly. Through this setting, continuous online monitoring of the integrity of the annular wall 11 can be achieved in a non-invasive manner, and early leaks can be detected in a timely manner.

[0028] Furthermore, the leak detection channel 10c is also connected to the nitrogen supply device via the second pipeline 32. A control valve (such as a solenoid valve V14) can be installed on the second pipeline 32. This nitrogen supply channel serves as a backup safety measure: upon detecting a minor leak, high-pressure nitrogen can be introduced to form a gas seal at the leak point, preventing pulverized coal from entering the isolation channel (i.e., the leak detection channel 10c). This achieves secondary isolation between pulverized coal and oxygen. Provided the isolation purging rate is stable, i.e., the flow rate of the second pipeline 32 is stable at a set threshold, production can continue, while also providing preparation time for the normal shutdown of the equipment. If the flow rate of the second pipeline 32 suddenly increases, it indicates increased wear. At this time, the control unit triggers the shutdown interlock of the coal gasification equipment. High-pressure nitrogen then enters the oxygen channel 10a and the coal medium channel 10b inside the coal gasification burner for purging protection.

[0029] like Figure 2 As shown, a cooling water circulation channel 10d is provided inside the outer wall 12 of the burner body 10. This cooling water circulation channel 10d surrounds the high-temperature zone of the burner body 10. A second flow detection device Q2 is installed on its inlet pipe, and a third flow detection device Q3 is installed on its outlet pipe. The second flow detection device Q2 monitors the inflow of cooling water, and the third flow detection device Q3 monitors the outflow of cooling water. By comparing the difference between the two, it is possible to determine in real time whether there is a leak in the cooling water circulation channel 10d. That is, when the flow difference changes abruptly, the coal medium channel 10b wears down towards the outer shell of the coal gasification burner body 10 until it connects with the cooling water circulation channel 10d. The larger the flow difference, the greater the leakage and the larger the leak point. Specifically, when the cooling water leakage is small, the device can continue to operate without shutdown; when the leakage reaches a certain value, shutdown is required. This setup can quickly diagnose the integrity of the cooling system and prevent burner overheating and damage due to cooling failure.

[0030] Further optimized, the cooling water circulation channel 10d is equipped with a partition plate 121. The partition plate 121 is arranged spirally or concentrically along the axial direction of the burner body 10, dividing the cooling water circulation channel 10d into an inner cooling water channel 10d1 and an outer cooling water channel 10d2. The inlet pipe of the cooling water circulation channel 10d is connected to the outer cooling water channel 10d2, and the outlet pipe is connected to the inner cooling water channel 10d1. During operation, the cooling water first enters the outer cooling water channel 10d2, flows along the outer channel to the front end of the gasification burner, then bypasses the end of the partition plate 121 and turns back into the inner cooling water channel 10d1, and then flows back along the inner channel to the outlet pipe. This two-way flow pattern increases the flow length and turbulence of the cooling water, improves the heat exchange efficiency, and at the same time allows the cooling water to uniformly cover the inner and outer layers of the burner outer wall 12, effectively preventing local overheating.

[0031] like Figure 3The diagram illustrates a specific embodiment of the coal gasification safety monitoring system of the present invention. This system includes a coal gasification burner 100, a gasifier 200, a control unit, and an alarm device, as described in the above embodiment. The control unit can be a programmable logic controller (PLC), a distributed control system (DCS), or a microcontroller. The oxygen channel 10a of the coal gasification burner is connected to a nitrogen supply device via a third pipeline 33 and a fifth pipeline 35. The coal medium channel 10b is connected to a nitrogen supply device via a fourth pipeline 34 and a sixth pipeline 36. Shut-off valves V09 and V07 are respectively installed on the third pipeline 33, fourth pipeline 34, fifth pipeline 35, and sixth pipeline 36, and the control unit controls the on / off of the pipelines and the flow rate of the medium within them. The alarm device includes an audible and visual alarm, a remote alarm signal output module, or an alarm displayed on the operator's station screen.

[0032] Under normal operating conditions without leaks, each detection device operates in steady-state monitoring mode. The first flow detection device Q1 monitors the liquid flow rate within the leak detection channel 10c. Since the annular wall 11 is intact and undamaged, the liquid flows non-directionally within the channel, and the detection value of the first flow detection device Q1 remains stable at the initial reference value (with minor fluctuations close to zero, caused by liquid thermal expansion or environmental vibration). The second flow detection device Q2 and the third flow detection device Q3 respectively detect the inlet and outlet flow rates of the cooling water circulation channel 10d. These two devices maintain dynamic equilibrium during normal heat exchange, with a flow difference of zero. The control unit continuously reads the signals from each detection device, determining that all parameters do not exceed their corresponding set thresholds. Oxygen is normally introduced into the oxygen channel 10a, coal powder or coal-water slurry is normally introduced into the coal medium channel 10b, the cooling water circulation pump 52 supplies cooling water to the cooling water circulation channel 10d at a set flow rate, and the coal gasification burner 100 operates stably under rated conditions.

[0033] When the detected value of the first flow detection device Q1 exceeds the first set threshold, the control unit determines that a minor leak has occurred in the annular wall 11 (e.g., a micropore caused by wear). At this time, the liquid in the leak detection channel 10c is pushed by the coal medium to generate a positive flow, and the flow rate exceeds the normal upper limit. The control unit then controls the alarm device to issue a warning signal, prompting the operator that there is early damage to the burner and that maintenance needs to be arranged soon. This threshold setting is used to capture the initial stage of leakage and prevent minor defects from evolving into serious accidents.

[0034] When the detection value of the first flow detection device Q1 is greater than or equal to the second set threshold (where the second set threshold ≥ the first set threshold), the control unit determines that the leakage level has reached a level requiring active intervention. It should be noted that: if the second set threshold is equal to the first set threshold, once the detection value exceeds the first set threshold (i.e., reaches the warning level), the high-pressure nitrogen supply to the leakage detection channel 10c will be immediately triggered simultaneously; if the second set threshold is greater than the first set threshold, in the range where the detection value exceeds the first threshold but has not yet reached the second threshold, only an alarm will be maintained without nitrogen supply, and nitrogen protection will be activated only when the leakage further increases to exceed the second threshold. The two setting methods can be flexibly selected according to process safety requirements. This embodiment uses a graded response where the second set threshold is greater than the first set threshold as an example for explanation. The control unit controls the nitrogen supply device to supply high-pressure nitrogen to the leakage detection channel 10c. High-pressure nitrogen gas enters the leak detection channel 10c through the second pipeline 32. This serves two purposes: firstly, it purges the liquid from the channel; secondly, it establishes a pressure barrier at the leak point, extending from the leak detection channel 10c towards the coal medium channel 10b, thereby inhibiting further penetration of the coal medium into the leak detection channel 10c. This measure can temporarily curb the worsening of the leak without stopping the gasifier's operation, allowing the coal gasification burner to continue operating for several hours to several days, providing a buffer time for the plant to schedule an orderly shutdown rather than an emergency interlock shutdown.

[0035] When the detection value of the first flow detection device Q1 continues to rise and exceeds the third set threshold (the third set threshold is greater than the second set threshold), the control unit determines that the annular wall 11 has suffered severe penetrating damage, and a large amount of coal medium has entered the leak detection channel 10c, and may even enter the oxygen channel 10a, posing an extreme risk of backfire or explosion. At this time, the control unit immediately executes the emergency shutdown procedure: first, it cuts off the supply of coal medium and oxygen to the fifth pipeline 35 and the sixth pipeline 36, and then controls the nitrogen supply device to supply high-pressure nitrogen to the oxygen channel 10a and the coal medium channel 10b through the third pipeline 33 and the fourth pipeline 34, respectively, to forcibly purge and inertate the two channels, preventing residual combustibles from burning or exploding at high temperatures. This graded response mechanism minimizes the economic impact of unplanned shutdowns while ensuring safety.

[0036] In one optional implementation, when the flow difference between the inlet and outlet pipes of the cooling water circulation channel 10d (i.e., the difference between the values ​​detected by the second flow detection device Q2 and the third flow detection device Q3) exceeds a fourth preset threshold, it indicates a significant leak in the cooling water system. The control unit also controls the nitrogen supply device to supply high-pressure nitrogen to the oxygen channel 10a and the coal medium channel 10b, implementing an emergency shutdown and purging. Since cooling water leakage may lead to intensified water-gas reaction in the gasifier or overheating of the furnace wall, this interlocking mechanism further enhances the overall safety of the system.

[0037] Specifically, the coal gasification safety monitoring system also includes a cooling water supply device 50 connected to the inlet pipe of the cooling water circulation channel 10d. The cooling water supply device 50 includes a cooling water tank 51, and the upper gas phase space of the cooling water tank 51 is connected to a nitrogen supply device via a seventh pipe. The nitrogen supply device supplies high-pressure nitrogen to the cooling water tank 51 to ensure that the pressure of the cooling water tank 51 is always 0.5~1.0 MPa higher than the gasifier pressure (the pressure of the gasifier 200 is equal to the pressure of the coal medium channel 10b), thus maintaining a positive pressure differential between the cooling water system and the gasifier throughout the entire operating cycle. If the annular wall 11 or the burner outer wall 12 becomes permeable due to wear, the cooling water will actively seep into the coal medium channel 10b or the gasifier under the pressure differential, while the coal medium or syngas cannot flow back into the cooling water system. Simultaneously, the cooling water entering the furnace only generates steam, preventing secondary damage to the equipment and ensuring the inherent safety of the device.

[0038] To achieve precise dynamic adjustment of the aforementioned pressure difference, the system is also equipped with a pressure difference monitoring and control component, specifically including: a pressurizing valve (V01), a pressure relief valve (V02), and a first pressure sensor Y1 and a second pressure sensor Y2. The first pressure sensor Y1 detects the pressure of the cooling water tank 51, and the second pressure sensor Y2 detects the pressure of the gasifier. The control unit outputs an adjustment signal in real time based on the pressure difference setpoint (e.g., 0.75 MPa). The control method is as follows: high-pressure nitrogen is used to pressurize the gas phase space at the top of the cooling water tank 51, thereby increasing the pressure in the cooling water tank 51. When the pressure difference is lower than the set lower limit (e.g., 0.5 MPa), the control unit opens the pressurizing valve V01, allowing high-pressure nitrogen to enter the top of the cooling water tank 51, increasing the pressure inside the tank until the pressure difference returns to the target range; when the pressure difference is higher than the set upper limit (e.g., 1.0 MPa), the control unit opens the pressure relief valve V02, releasing excess nitrogen from the tank to the atmosphere or a low-pressure recovery system, causing the pressure difference to drop. Through the alternating action of V01 and V02, the pressure difference is stably controlled within the range of 0.5~1.0 MPa.

[0039] During start-up, the gasifier pressure gradually increases from atmospheric pressure, and the control system synchronously adjusts the pressure of the cooling water tank 51 to maintain a positive pressure differential. During normal production, when the gasifier pressure fluctuates, the differential pressure control loop responds quickly to prevent excessively low differential pressure from causing process gas backflow, and also to avoid excessively high differential pressure from causing overload damage to the cooling water circulation pump and pipelines. During shutdown, the gasifier pressure decreases, and the pressure of the cooling water tank 51 is adjusted accordingly to prevent a large amount of cooling water from rushing into the furnace due to excessive differential pressure. This adaptive differential pressure control not only protects the equipment itself, but also provides graded safety protection (nitrogen introduction, emergency shutdown purging) for the aforementioned leak detection channel 10c, ensuring that the cooling water system is always in a safe state and that the accuracy of the leak detection signal is not interfered with by medium backflow.

[0040] Furthermore, the inlet pipe of the cooling water circulation channel 10d is also equipped with a cooling water circulation pump 52. The control unit controls the cooling water circulation pump 52 to supply cooling water to the cooling water circulation channel 10d at a set flow rate. This set flow rate can be adjusted according to the heat load of the burner, but it is preferred to maintain a constant flow rate. When the second flow detection device Q2 or the third flow detection device Q3 detects an abnormal flow rate (such as deviating from the set value beyond the allowable range), the control unit can automatically adjust the speed of the circulation pump to ensure the stability of the cooling water supply.

[0041] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A coal gasification burner, characterized in that, include: The burner body is fixedly connected to a connecting flange on one side of the burner body. The burner body has an annular wall, which, together with the connecting flange, divides the burner body into an oxygen channel and a coal medium channel. The annular wall has a leakage detection channel, which is connected to a liquid supply device through a first pipeline. The first pipeline has a first flow detection device.

2. The gasification burner according to claim 1, characterized in that, The leak detection channel is connected to the nitrogen supply device via a second pipeline.

3. The gasification burner according to claim 1, characterized in that, The burner body has a cooling water circulation channel inside its outer wall. A second flow detection device is installed on the inlet pipe of the cooling water circulation channel, and a third flow detection device is installed on the outlet pipe of the cooling water circulation channel.

4. A coal gasification burner according to claim 3, characterized in that, The cooling water circulation channel is equipped with a partition plate, which divides the cooling water circulation channel into an inner cooling water channel and an outer cooling water channel. The inlet pipe of the cooling water circulation channel is connected to the outer cooling water channel, and the outlet pipe of the cooling water circulation channel is connected to the inner cooling water channel.

5. A coal gasification safety monitoring system, characterized in that, It includes a gasifier, a coal gasification burner as described in any one of claims 1-4, a control unit, and an alarm device; the oxygen channel of the coal gasification burner is connected to the nitrogen supply device through a third pipeline, and the coal medium channel of the coal gasification burner is connected to the nitrogen supply device through a fourth pipeline. When the detected value of the first flow detection device is greater than the first set threshold, the control unit controls the alarm device to issue an alarm signal.

6. The coal gasification safety monitoring system according to claim 5, characterized in that, When the detection value of the first flow detection device is less than the second set threshold, the control unit controls the nitrogen supply device to supply high-pressure nitrogen to the leak detection channel, wherein the second set threshold is greater than the first set threshold.

7. A coal gasification safety monitoring system according to claim 6, characterized in that, When the detection value of the first flow detection device is less than the third set threshold, the control unit controls the nitrogen supply device to supply high-pressure nitrogen to the oxygen channel and the coal medium channel; wherein the third set threshold is greater than the second set threshold.

8. A coal gasification safety monitoring system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The coal gasification burner also includes a cooling water circulation channel. When the flow difference between the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe of the cooling water circulation channel is greater than a fourth set threshold, the control unit controls the nitrogen supply device to supply high-pressure nitrogen to the oxygen channel and the coal medium channel.

9. A coal gasification safety monitoring system according to claim 8, characterized in that, It also includes a cooling water supply device connected to the inlet pipe of the cooling water circulation channel. The cooling water supply device includes a cooling water tank. The upper side of the cooling water tank is connected to a nitrogen supply device. The control unit controls the nitrogen supply device to supply high-pressure nitrogen to the cooling water tank.

10. A coal gasification safety monitoring system according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes a first pressure sensor for detecting the pressure of the cold water tank and a second pressure sensor for detecting the pressure of the gasifier. The control unit controls the nitrogen supply device based on the detection values ​​of the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor to make the pressure of the cold water tank greater than the pressure of the gasifier.

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