A reinforced biological desulfurization reactor

Abstract

This invention discloses an enhanced biological desulfurization reactor, relating to the field of biological desulfurization. It includes a first-stage and a second-stage desulfurization reaction zone arranged sequentially from bottom to top within a reaction tower. The multi-stage reaction components include a support plate, a packing frame, and packing material, which are supplied with gas through an air inlet pipe in conjunction with a gas distribution pipe and an aeration head. In the first-stage reaction zone, excessive oxygen supply forces the oxidation of H2S to sulfate. In the second-stage reaction zone, the gas purified in the first stage is mixed and diluted with native biogas to promote conversion, achieving efficient desulfurization under safety constraints. A defoaming delay component is provided between the first and second-stage reaction zones. A flexible steel wire mesh is used to achieve lifting and lateral vibration via a lifting and vibrating assembly. This active cutting and high-frequency shearing disrupt the elastic structure of the liquid film to defoam, and mechanical shaking prevents clogging. Simultaneously, the flow holes on the flow plate are rotated to change position, forcing the gas to migrate laterally to increase residence time and avoid local overload.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of biological desulfurization, specifically to an enhanced biological desulfurization reactor. Background Technology

[0002] Industrial and agricultural production, as well as urban life, generate large amounts of organic waste. Anaerobic fermentation can produce significant amounts of biogas, a high-grade clean energy source. Besides the main components CH4 and CO2, biogas also contains H2S, produced from the degradation of proteins and other sulfur-containing compounds, with concentrations typically ranging from 500 ppmv (0.05%) to 20,000 ppmv (2%). H2S not only poses a threat to human health but also corrodes concrete and steel structures. Furthermore, the combustion of H2S mixed in biogas produces sulfur oxides, a significant contributor to acid rain and severe environmental pollution. Therefore, biogas desulfurization is imperative.

[0003] Currently, biogas desulfurization mainly includes three methods: dry desulfurization, wet desulfurization, and biological desulfurization. Biological desulfurization technology is widely used in actual production due to its advantages such as low investment cost, simple process flow, and convenient operation. The core of this technology lies in using aerobic microorganisms to oxidize H2S into elemental sulfur or sulfate. However, existing single-stage biological desulfurization reactors have significant drawbacks when treating high-concentration biogas: to prevent the oxygen content in the purified biogas from exceeding the standard, the oxygen injection rate is usually strictly controlled, making it slightly higher than the theoretical value required for microbial metabolism. This oxygen-deficient operating mode and high H2S load easily lead to incomplete oxidation of H2S, generating a large amount of byproduct—elemental sulfur. Elemental sulfur can adhere to the surface of the packing material, causing blockage of the packing bed and increased pressure drop. This leads to a sharp reduction in the backwashing cycle, and in severe cases, it may even require shutdown for cleaning and replacement of the packing material. This greatly restricts the application of biological desulfurization technology in high-efficiency desulfurization scenarios. For high-concentration H2S biogas, the industry is often forced to abandon efficient biological desulfurization methods and instead adopt wet desulfurization, complex iron desulfurization, or a combination of these with biological methods, which have higher operating costs. However, these alternative solutions have problems such as high reagent consumption, high energy consumption, and complex operation and maintenance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an enhanced biological desulfurization reactor to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an enhanced biological desulfurization reactor, comprising a reaction tower body, wherein a suction pipe is installed inside the bottom side of the reaction tower body, a spray pipe is installed inside the top side of the reaction tower body, and a circulation pipe is provided on the outside of the reaction tower body, wherein the two ends of the circulation pipe are respectively connected to the suction pipe and the spray pipe; The reaction tower body is equipped with multiple reaction components. Each reaction component includes a support plate fixedly installed on the inner wall of the reaction tower body. A packing frame is installed at the top of the support plate, and packing is installed inside the packing frame. A gas distribution pipe is installed below the support plate. Aeration heads are fixedly connected at equal intervals to the top of the gas distribution pipe. An air inlet pipe is fixedly connected to the aeration heads on one side of the reaction tower body, and one end of the aeration head is connected to the air inlet pipe. The two reaction components are divided into a first-stage reaction zone and a second-stage reaction zone from bottom to top, so as to achieve efficient desulfurization through staged treatment during biological desulfurization. The reaction tower is equipped with a defoaming delay component, which is located between the first-stage reaction zone and the second-stage reaction zone. The defoaming delay component includes a support frame fixedly connected to the inner wall of the reaction tower. A rotating shaft is provided at the top of the support frame, and a sleeve is fitted to the outer wall of the rotating shaft. A flexible steel wire mesh is slidably provided on the outer wall of the sleeve. During the desulfurization process in the first-stage reaction zone, the flexible steel wire mesh is subjected to lifting and lateral vibration through a lifting and vibrating assembly.

[0006] Preferably, the top of the support plate is fixedly connected with support rods at equal intervals, and the tops of several support rods are jointly fixedly connected to the bottom of the packing frame.

[0007] Preferably, the lifting vibration assembly includes: Two symmetrically fixed limiting rods are fixedly connected to the bottom sides of the flexible wire mesh. The top of the support frame is symmetrically provided with limiting grooves corresponding to the limiting rods. The outer wall of the rotating shaft is provided with a circulation groove. The inner wall of the sleeve is fixedly connected with a ball bearing corresponding to the circulation groove, and the outer wall of the ball bearing is slidably connected to the inner wall of the circulation groove. The flexible wire mesh is provided with a movable groove in the center, and the inner wall of the movable groove is symmetrically fixedly connected with a sliding column. The outer wall of the sleeve is symmetrically provided with a circular groove corresponding to the sliding column, and the outer wall of the sliding column is in contact with the inner wall of the circular groove and slides.

[0008] Preferably, the bottom of the rotating shaft extends through the inner center of the support frame to the bottom of the support frame, and the outer wall of the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the inner center of the support frame. A helical gear is fixedly connected to the bottom extension end of the rotating shaft. A drive motor is fixedly installed on one side of the outer wall of the reaction tower body, and a transmission rod is fixedly connected to one end of the output shaft of the drive motor. Another helical gear is fixedly connected to the other end of the transmission rod corresponding to the rotating shaft. The two helical gears mesh and drive each other. A protective cover is installed at the bottom of the support frame.

[0009] Preferably, the sidewall of the limiting rod is symmetrically provided with wave grooves, and the wave grooves on both sides of the limiting rod are staggered. The inner wall of the limiting groove is symmetrically fixedly connected with guide blocks corresponding to the wave grooves. The two guide blocks in the limiting groove have their close ends pressing against the inner walls of the wave grooves on both sides of the limiting rod. The two guide blocks in the limiting groove have their close ends both being inclined.

[0010] Preferably, the outer wall of the flexible wire mesh is provided with a limiting plate, the outer wall of the limiting plate is in close contact with the inner wall of the reaction tower, the inner wall of the limiting plate is provided with a limiting groove corresponding to the flexible wire mesh, and the upper and lower surfaces of the edge of the flexible wire mesh are in close contact with the inner wall of the limiting groove.

[0011] Preferably, a flow plate is fixedly connected to the top of the rotating shaft, and the outer wall of the flow plate is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the reaction tower body. Flow holes are equidistantly opened inside the flow plate.

[0012] Preferably, a discharge pipe is fixedly installed at the top of the reaction tower, and a base is fixedly installed at the bottom of the reaction tower.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. In the process of treating high-concentration biogas, two reaction zones are distributed sequentially from bottom to top. In the first-stage reaction zone, an oxygen-rich environment is created by introducing excess oxygen far exceeding the stoichiometric ratio. This forces most of the H2S to be completely oxidized into soluble sulfate, thereby minimizing the generation of elemental sulfur at the source. Subsequently, the low-concentration gas purified in the first stage is introduced into the second-stage reaction zone and mixed with the untreated raw biogas in proportion. This dilutes the initial H2S concentration entering each stage, weakens the inhibitory effect of the high H2S concentration in the raw biogas on microbial metabolic activities, promotes the complete conversion of H2S to sulfuric acid, and further reduces sulfur generation. Through the division of labor between the excess oxygen supply and forced oxidation in the first stage and the deep oxidation in the subsequent stage, efficient desulfurization is achieved without exceeding safety constraints.

[0014] 2. In the process of treating high-concentration biogas, excessive oxygen supply in the first stage will generate a large number of bubbles. To prevent the loss of microorganisms carried by the large amount of foam, which would lead to a continuous decline in the concentration of the first-stage microbial community and affect the biological desulfurization effect, a flexible wire mesh is set up to intercept and puncture the bubbles. At the same time, the flexible wire mesh is driven to move up and down and vibrate back and forth by the lifting and vibrating components. This allows the flexible wire mesh to actively cut into and shear at high frequency, mechanically destroying the elastic structure of the liquid film and ensuring the defoaming effect. Meanwhile, the vibration defoaming also shakes off the biofilm fragments attached to the flexible wire mesh through mechanical shaking, preventing the flexible wire mesh from being blocked and maintaining long-term permeability.

[0015] 3. In the process of treating high-concentration biogas, a flow plate is set between the first-stage reaction zone and the second-stage reaction zone. The flow plate has several sets of flow holes, which allow the gas to flow upwards only through the flow holes on the plate surface. As the flexible wire mesh moves, the position of the flow holes can be continuously changed by the rotation of the flow plate. In order to find an outlet, the gas must constantly change its flow direction below the plate surface, forming a lateral migration. This is equivalent to artificially increasing the path length and residence time of the gas in the lower reaction chamber, thereby further ensuring the desulfurization effect in the first-stage reaction zone. At the same time, because the position of the flow holes is constantly changing, no local area will continuously bear a high gas volume, avoiding the risk of over-reaction and sulfur formation caused by local overload. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall internal structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a partial structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the packing frame and the air distribution pipe of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection relationship between the flexible steel wire mesh of the present invention and the rotating shaft and the limiting plate respectively; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged structural diagram at point A; Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged structural diagram at point B; Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged structural diagram at point C.

[0017] In the diagram: 1. Reaction tower body; 2. Suction pipe; 3. Spray pipe; 4. Circulation pipe; 7. Discharge pipe; 8. Base; 9. Drive motor; 5. Multi-stage reaction components; 501. Support plate; 502. Support rod; 503. Packing rack; 504. Gas distribution pipe; 505. Aeration head; 506. Air inlet pipe; 6. Defoaming delay component; 601. Support frame; 602. Rotating shaft; 603. Sleeve; 604. Flexible wire mesh; 605. Limiting rod; 606. Limiting groove; 607. Circulation groove; 608. Ball bearing; 609. Corrugated groove; 610. Guide block; 611. Limiting plate; 612. Limiting groove; 613. Flow plate; 614. Flow hole; 615. Helical gear; 616. Transmission rod; 617. Protective cover; 618. Movable groove; 619. Sliding column; 620. Circular groove. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] Example 1, please refer to Figures 1-8 The present invention provides an enhanced biological desulfurization reactor, comprising a reaction tower 1, a suction pipe 2 installed inside the bottom side of the reaction tower 1, a spray pipe 3 installed inside the top side of the reaction tower 1, and a circulation pipe 4 provided outside the reaction tower 1, with the two ends of the circulation pipe 4 connected to the suction pipe 2 and the spray pipe 3 respectively.

[0020] In this embodiment, when the device is working, a suction pipe 2 is installed inside the bottom side of the reaction tower 1, a spray pipe 3 is installed inside the top side of the reaction tower 1, and a circulation pipe 4 is provided on the outside of the reaction tower 1. The two ends of the circulation pipe 4 are connected to the suction pipe 2 and the spray pipe 3 respectively, so that the circulation pipe 4 controls the suction pipe 2 through the pump to draw the desulfurization circulating liquid at the bottom of the reaction tower 1 and transport it to the spray pipe 3 at the top of the reaction tower 1, where it is sprayed evenly by the spray pipe 3 to achieve circulating supply and spraying.

[0021] Furthermore, the interior of the reaction tower 1 is equipped with multi-stage reaction components 5. Each multi-stage reaction component 5 includes a support plate 501 fixedly installed on the inner wall of the reaction tower 1. A packing frame 503 is installed at the top of the support plate 501, and packing is installed inside the packing frame 503. A gas distribution pipe 504 is installed below the support plate 501. Aeration heads 505 are fixedly connected at equal intervals to the top of the gas distribution pipe 504. An air inlet pipe 506 is fixedly connected to the aeration head 505 on one side of the reaction tower 1, and one end of the aeration head 505 is connected to the air inlet pipe 506. The two multi-stage reaction components 5 are divided into a first-stage reaction zone and a second-stage reaction zone from bottom to top, so as to achieve efficient desulfurization through graded treatment during biological desulfurization.

[0022] Furthermore, support rods 502 are fixedly connected at equal intervals to the top of the support plate 501, and the tops of several support rods 502 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the packing frame 503. A discharge pipe 7 is fixedly installed on the top of the reaction tower body 1, and a base 8 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the reaction tower body 1.

[0023] Specifically, two reaction zones are set up from bottom to top inside the reaction tower 1, namely the first-stage reaction zone and the second-stage reaction zone. Each reaction zone is supported by a support plate 501 supporting a packing frame 503 of a specific volume. The surface of the packing frame 503 is covered with domesticated desulfurization microbial flora. The total biogas volume processed is Q1, and the total required air or oxygen volume is Q2.

[0024] Furthermore, 50%Q1 of the pretreated high-concentration H2S biogas is mixed with the air or oxygen required for 100%Q2 before the gas distribution pipe 504 in the first-stage zone, and then introduced into the bottom of the first-stage reaction zone through the aeration head 505 in the first-stage zone. This creates a localized, high-oxygen-to-sulfur ratio enhanced reaction zone in the first-stage reaction zone. Even though the high concentration of H2S has a certain inhibitory effect on microbial activity, the excess oxygen ensures that the intermediate product sulfur is further oxidized into sulfuric acid, achieving deep oxidation of H2S. Then, the biogas with significantly reduced H2S concentration after purification by the first-stage reaction continues to rise and mixes with the newly introduced high-concentration native biogas 50%Q1 through the second-stage air intake pipe 506. After mixing, the H2S concentration of the biogas entering the second-stage reaction zone has been effectively diluted.

[0025] In the second-stage reaction zone, due to the reduced initial H2S concentration, the inhibition of microbial conversion to sulfuric acid is weakened, resulting in a more thorough conversion. Simultaneously, the large amount of oxygen consumed in the first stage ensures a moderate oxygen content in the mixed gas entering the second stage, avoiding the risk of excessive oxygen content in the tail gas. Finally, the purified biogas is discharged from the exhaust pipe 7 fixedly installed at the top of the reaction tower 1. The entire process creates an oxygen-rich environment by introducing excess oxygen far exceeding the stoichiometric ratio in the first-stage reaction zone, forcibly oxidizing most of the H2S to soluble sulfate ions, thereby minimizing the generation of elemental sulfur at the source. Subsequently, the low-concentration gas purified in the first stage is introduced into the second-stage reaction zone and mixed proportionally with the untreated raw biogas, diluting the initial H2S concentration entering each stage. This weakens the inhibitory effect of the high H2S concentration in the raw biogas on microbial metabolic activity, promotes the complete conversion of H2S to sulfuric acid, and further reduces sulfur formation. Through the division of labor between the excessive oxygen supply and forced oxidation in the first stage and the deep oxidation in the subsequent stage, highly efficient desulfurization is achieved without exceeding safety constraints.

[0026] In Example 2, based on the above examples, a defoaming delay component 6 is provided inside the reaction tower body 1. The defoaming delay component 6 is located between the first-stage reaction zone and the second-stage reaction zone. The defoaming delay component 6 includes a support frame 601 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the reaction tower body 1. A rotating shaft 602 is provided at the top of the support frame 601, and a sleeve 603 is fitted to the outer wall of the rotating shaft 602. A flexible steel wire mesh 604 is slidably provided on the outer wall of the sleeve 603. During the desulfurization process in the first-stage reaction zone, the flexible steel wire mesh 604 achieves lifting, lowering, left and right lateral movement through a lifting and vibration assembly.

[0027] Specifically, since excessive oxygen supply in the first stage generates a large number of bubbles, in order to prevent the loss of microorganisms carried by the large amount of foam, which would lead to a continuous decline in the concentration of the first-stage microbial community and affect the biological desulfurization effect, a flexible steel wire mesh 604 is set up to intercept and puncture the rising bubbles. At the same time, the flexible steel wire mesh 604 is driven to move up and down actively and vibrate back and forth by the lifting and vibrating components. This allows the flexible steel wire mesh 604 to actively cut into and shear at high frequency, mechanically destroying the elastic structure of the liquid film and ensuring the defoaming effect. Meanwhile, the vibration defoaming removes the biofilm fragments attached to the flexible steel wire mesh 604 through mechanical shaking, preventing the flexible steel wire mesh 604 from being blocked and maintaining long-term permeability.

[0028] Furthermore, the lifting and vibration assembly includes: Two symmetrically fixed limiting rods 605 are fixedly connected to the bottom sides of the flexible wire mesh 604. A limiting groove 606 is symmetrically opened through the top of the support frame 601 corresponding to the limiting rods 605. A circulation groove 607 is opened on the outer wall of the rotating shaft 602. A ball bearing 608 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sleeve 603 corresponding to the circulation groove 607, and the outer wall of the ball bearing 608 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the circulation groove 607. A movable groove 618 is opened in the center of the flexible wire mesh 604, and a sliding column 619 is symmetrically fixedly connected to the inner wall of the movable groove 618. A circular groove 620 is symmetrically opened on the outer wall of the sleeve 603 corresponding to the sliding column 619, and the outer wall of the sliding column 619 slides against the inner wall of the circular groove 620. The bottom of the rotating shaft 602 extends through the center of the support frame 601 to the bottom of the support frame 601, and the outer wall of the rotating shaft 602 is rotatably connected to the center of the support frame 601. Next, a helical gear 615 is fixedly connected to the bottom extension end of the rotating shaft 602. A drive motor 9 is fixedly installed on one side of the outer wall of the reaction tower body 1, and a transmission rod 616 is fixedly connected to one end of the output shaft of the drive motor 9. Another helical gear 615 is fixedly connected to the other end of the transmission rod 616 corresponding to the rotating shaft 602. The two helical gears 615 mesh and drive each other. A protective cover 617 is installed at the bottom of the support frame 601. Wave grooves 609 are symmetrically opened on the side wall of the limiting rod 605, and the wave grooves 609 on both sides of the limiting rod 605 are staggered. Guide blocks 610 are symmetrically fixedly connected to the inner wall of the limiting groove 606 corresponding to the wave grooves 609. The two guide blocks 610 in the limiting groove 606 have their close ends pressing against the inner walls of the wave grooves 609 on both sides of the limiting rod 605. The two guide blocks 610 in the limiting groove 606 have their close ends both beveled.

[0029] Specifically, during the desulfurization process in the first-stage reaction zone, the drive motor 9 rotates continuously at a low speed, thereby driving the rotating shaft 602 to rotate continuously via the transmission rod 616 and two helical gears 615. Then, a movable groove 618 is opened in the center of the flexible wire mesh 604, and sliding columns 619 are symmetrically fixedly connected to the inner wall of the movable groove 618. A circular groove 620 is symmetrically opened on the outer wall of the sleeve 603 corresponding to the sliding column 619, and the outer wall of the sliding column 619 slides in contact with the inner wall of the circular groove 620. At this time, a limiting groove 606 is symmetrically opened through the top of the support frame 601 corresponding to the limiting rod 605, thereby limiting the overall rotation of the flexible wire mesh 604 through the limiting groove 606. The sliding column 619 and the circular groove 620 restrict the sleeve 603 so that it cannot rotate, while not restricting its left and right sliding. Next, a circulation groove 607 is formed on the outer wall of the rotating shaft 602. A ball bearing 608 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sleeve 603 corresponding to the circulation groove 607, and the outer wall of the ball bearing 608 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the circulation groove 607. Thus, through the cooperation of the ball bearing 608 and the circulation groove 607, the sleeve 603 can move up and down at low speed on the outer wall of the rotating shaft 602. Then, wavy grooves 609 are symmetrically formed on the side wall of the limiting rod 605, and the wavy grooves 609 on both sides of the limiting rod 605 are staggered. The inner wall of the limiting groove 606... Guide blocks 610 are symmetrically fixedly connected to the wave groove 609. The two guide blocks 610 in the limiting groove 606 have their close ends pressing against the inner walls of the wave groove 609 on both sides of the limiting rod 605. The close ends of the two guide blocks 610 in the limiting groove 606 are both inclined. Thus, when the limiting rod 605 moves up and down in the limiting groove 606, the flexible wire mesh 604 can be continuously pulled and slid left and right through the cooperation of the wave groove 609 and the guide blocks 610, so as to achieve lateral movement during the lifting process and achieve a vibration effect.

[0030] Furthermore, a limiting plate 611 is provided on the outer wall of the flexible wire mesh 604. The outer wall of the limiting plate 611 is in close contact with the inner wall of the reaction tower body 1 and is slidably connected. The inner wall of the limiting plate 611 is provided with a limiting groove 612 corresponding to the flexible wire mesh 604, and the upper and lower edges of the flexible wire mesh 604 are slidably connected with the inner wall of the limiting groove 612.

[0031] Specifically, during the transverse vibration of the flexible wire mesh 604, the flexible wire mesh 604 can be wrapped by the limiting groove 612 on the inner wall of the limiting plate 611, so as to avoid gaps between it and the inner wall of the reaction tower 1 during the transverse vibration, and to ensure its defoaming range.

[0032] Furthermore, a flow plate 613 is fixedly connected to the top of the rotating shaft 602, and the outer wall of the flow plate 613 is in contact with the inner wall of the reaction tower body 1 for rotational connection. Flow holes 614 are equidistantly opened inside the flow plate 613.

[0033] Specifically, in the process of treating high-concentration biogas, the flow plate 613 between the first-stage reaction zone and the second-stage reaction zone allows gas to flow upwards only through the flow holes 614 on the plate surface. As the flexible wire mesh 604 moves, the rotating shaft 602 drives the flow plate 613 to rotate, continuously changing the position of the flow holes 614. This forces the gas to constantly change its flow direction below the plate surface to find an outlet, resulting in lateral migration. This artificially increases the path length and residence time of the gas in the lower reaction chamber, thereby further ensuring the desulfurization effect in the first-stage reaction zone. At the same time, because the position of the flow holes 614 is constantly changing, no local area will continuously bear a high gas volume, avoiding the risk of over-reaction and sulfur formation caused by local overload.

[0034] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An enhanced biological desulfurization reactor, comprising a reaction tower (1), characterized in that: A suction pipe (2) is installed inside the bottom side of the reaction tower (1), a spray pipe (3) is installed inside the top side of the reaction tower (1), and a circulation pipe (4) is provided on the outside of the reaction tower (1). The two ends of the circulation pipe (4) are connected to the suction pipe (2) and the spray pipe (3) respectively. The reaction tower body (1) is equipped with multi-stage reaction components (5) respectively. Each multi-stage reaction component (5) includes a support plate (501) fixedly installed on the inner wall of the reaction tower body (1). A packing frame (503) is provided at the top of the support plate (501), and packing is provided in the packing frame (503). A gas distribution pipe (504) is provided below the support plate (501). An aeration head (505) is fixedly connected at equal intervals at the top of the gas distribution pipe (504). An air inlet pipe (506) is fixedly connected to the aeration head (505) on one side of the reaction tower body (1), and one end of the aeration head (505) is connected to the air inlet pipe (506). The two multi-stage reaction components (5) are divided into a first-stage reaction area and a second-stage reaction area from bottom to top, so as to achieve efficient desulfurization through graded treatment during biological desulfurization. The interior of the reaction tower (1) is provided with a defoaming delay component (6). The defoaming delay component (6) is located between the first-stage reaction zone and the second-stage reaction zone. The defoaming delay component (6) includes a support frame (601) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the reaction tower (1). A rotating shaft (602) is provided on the top of the support frame (601), and a sleeve (603) is fitted to the outer wall of the rotating shaft (602). A flexible steel wire mesh (604) is slidably provided on the outer wall of the sleeve (603). During the desulfurization process in the first-stage reaction zone, the flexible steel wire mesh (604) is subjected to lifting and lateral vibration through a lifting and vibration assembly.

2. The enhanced biological desulfurization reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the support plate (501) is fixedly connected with support rods (502) at equal intervals, and the tops of several support rods (502) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the packing frame (503).

3. The enhanced biological desulfurization reactor according to claim 2, characterized in that, The lifting vibration assembly includes: Two symmetrically fixed limiting rods (605) are fixedly connected to the bottom sides of the flexible wire mesh (604). The top of the support frame (601) is symmetrically provided with limiting grooves (606) corresponding to the limiting rods (605). The outer wall of the rotating shaft (602) is provided with a circulation groove (607). The inner wall of the sleeve (603) is fixedly connected with a ball (608) corresponding to the circulation groove (607). The outer wall of the ball (608) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the circulation groove (607). The center of the flexible wire mesh (604) is provided with a movable groove (618). The inner wall of the movable groove (618) is symmetrically fixedly connected with a sliding column (619). The outer wall of the sleeve (603) is symmetrically provided with a circular groove (620) corresponding to the sliding column (619). The outer wall of the sliding column (619) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the circular groove (620).

4. The enhanced biological desulfurization reactor according to claim 3, characterized in that, The bottom of the rotating shaft (602) extends through the inner center of the support frame (601) to the bottom of the support frame (601), and the outer wall of the rotating shaft (602) is rotatably connected to the inner center of the support frame (601). A helical gear (615) is fixedly connected to the bottom extension end of the rotating shaft (602). A drive motor (9) is fixedly installed on one side of the outer wall of the reaction tower body (1), and a transmission rod (616) is fixedly connected to one end of the output shaft of the drive motor (9). Another helical gear (615) is fixedly connected to the other end of the transmission rod (616) corresponding to the rotating shaft (602). The two helical gears (615) mesh and drive each other. A protective cover (617) is installed at the bottom of the support frame (601).

5. The enhanced biological desulfurization reactor according to claim 4, characterized in that, The sidewall of the limiting rod (605) is symmetrically provided with wave grooves (609), and the wave grooves (609) on both sides of the limiting rod (605) are staggered. The inner wall of the limiting groove (606) is symmetrically fixedly connected with guide blocks (610) corresponding to the wave grooves (609). The two guide blocks (610) in the limiting groove (606) have their close ends pressing against the inner walls of the wave grooves (609) on both sides of the limiting rod (605). The two guide blocks (610) in the limiting groove (606) have their close ends both being inclined.

6. An enhanced biological desulfurization reactor according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The outer wall of the flexible wire mesh (604) is provided with a limiting plate (611). The outer wall of the limiting plate (611) is in contact with the inner wall of the reaction tower body (1) and is slidably connected. The inner wall of the limiting plate (611) is provided with a limiting groove (612) corresponding to the flexible wire mesh (604), and the upper and lower surfaces of the edge of the flexible wire mesh (604) are slidably connected with the inner wall of the limiting groove (612).

7. The enhanced biological desulfurization reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the rotating shaft (602) is fixedly connected to a flow plate (613), and the outer wall of the flow plate (613) is in contact with the inner wall of the reaction tower body (1) and rotates. The flow plate (613) has flow holes (614) that are equidistantly opened inside.

8. The enhanced biological desulfurization reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, A discharge pipe (7) is fixedly installed on the top of the reaction tower body (1), and a base (8) is fixedly installed on the bottom of the reaction tower body (1).

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