Integrated multi-channel gas path biodegradation detection device
By using bottom undulation and low-shear stirring, the problems of dead zones and localized oxygen deficiency in existing biodegradation devices are solved, enabling efficient and accurate biodegradation testing, protecting microbial activity, reducing energy consumption, and adapting to the testing requirements of different materials and standards.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- 统标检测认证(常熟)有限公司
- Filing Date
- 2026-03-19
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-09
AI Technical Summary
Existing biodegradability testing devices suffer from problems such as dead zones, localized oxygen deficiency, poor mass transfer, and shear force mismatch during the stirring process, resulting in inaccurate degradation data, poor repeatability, and inability to meet the testing requirements of different materials and standards.
It adopts a bottom undulation push combined with low shear and gentle stirring. By sharing a drive component between the push component and the stirring component, it achieves low shear force stirring, adaptively adjusts the push amplitude to adapt to different density conditions, and combines air pressure sensor and temperature and humidity sensor for real-time monitoring to ensure uniform mixing and oxygen supply.
It improves biodegradation efficiency and the accuracy and repeatability of test data, protects the activity of microbial communities, reduces energy consumption, and expands the applicability and reliability of the device.
Smart Images
Figure CN122168408A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of biodegradation technology, and in particular to an integrated multi-channel gas path biodegradation detection device. Background Technology
[0002] Biodegradability testing involves testing the rate of biodegradation of different plastics under specific temperature, humidity, and nutrient conditions to determine the biodegradability of different biodegradable plastics.
[0003] A search revealed that Chinese patent document CN116463206B discloses a biodegradable tank system with CO2 detection function, comprising: an air intake assembly, an exhaust assembly, a detection assembly, a control device, and several degradation reaction tanks. Each degradation reaction tank has an air inlet and an air outlet. The air intake assembly includes an air intake device, a humidifier, an air intake pipe, and several air intake control valves. The air intake device supplies compressed air to the air intake pipe, which is connected to the air inlets of several degradation reaction tanks via the air intake control valves. The humidifier is used to change the humidity of the air inside the air intake pipe. The detection assembly includes a concentration detection module and a gas purification device. This patent has the advantages of reduced cost, reduced space occupation, elimination of residual gas interference in each detection, and improved detection accuracy.
[0004] Based on the above research and existing technology findings, it has been found that current biodegradability performance testing requires stirring to increase the degradation rate. Generally, only fixed rotation speeds, fixed stirring methods, or unidirectional stirring are used. This fails to adapt the flow field and stirring intensity to the degradation stage, material characteristics, and microbial community requirements, easily leading to a series of chain reactions: localized stirring dead zones, sedimentation zones, or uneven eddy current zones can form within the reaction system, failing to achieve uniform mixing of microorganisms, nutrients, oxygen, and degradation substrates across the entire surface, resulting in defects such as localized hypoxia, poor mass transfer, and product accumulation. Simultaneously, single-mode stirring is prone to shear force mismatch; either insufficient shear force leads to low mixing and dissolved oxygen efficiency, resulting in delayed and distorted degradation reactions, or excessive shear force directly damages microbial cells, disrupts the degradation community structure, significantly inhibits degradation activity, or even alters the degradation pathway. Ultimately, this directly results in large fluctuations in degradation data, high parallel sample deviations, and poor consistency in repeated tests, severely compromising the accuracy, repeatability, and comparability of test results. Furthermore, it cannot adapt to the testing requirements of different materials and standards, significantly reducing the applicability, testing reliability, and practical value of the device. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an integrated multi-channel gas path biodegradation detection device to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.
[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is: an integrated multi-channel gas path biodegradation detection device, comprising multiple compost containers, each compost container comprising a bottom bucket, a glass cylinder, and a lid. The opening of the bottom bucket is coaxially fixed to one end of the glass cylinder, and the other end of the glass cylinder is coaxially arranged with the lid. A breathable membrane is provided at the opening of the bottom bucket. A pushing component is provided below the breathable membrane to partially bulge it. A stirring component is provided above the breathable membrane, and the pushing component and the stirring component share a driving component. The breathable membrane is annular, and a fixing ring is fixed to the outer ring of the breathable membrane and the inner sidewall of the bottom bucket. A movable cylinder is fixed to the inner ring of the breathable membrane and coaxially arranged therewith.
[0007] Preferably, the outer side of the bottom barrel is provided with a clamping mechanism to press the barrel lid against the glass cylinder. The clamping mechanism includes multiple clamping structures evenly distributed at the edge of the bottom barrel. Each clamping structure includes a concave block, a crossbar, a positioning rod, and a butterfly nut. The concave block is fixed to the bottom barrel. The two ends of the crossbar are rotatably mounted on the two ends of the concave block. One end of the positioning rod is fixed to the crossbar, and the central axis of the positioning rod is parallel to the central axis of the bottom barrel. The other end of the positioning rod has an external thread adapted to the butterfly nut, and the butterfly nut is installed on the positioning rod by a screw connection. The outer side of the barrel lid has multiple positioning grooves with its central axis as the center, and the positioning grooves are adapted to the positioning rod.
[0008] Preferably, the pushing assembly includes a rotating ring, an intermediate cylinder, and multiple pushing structures. Each pushing structure is evenly distributed on the top ring surface of the rotating ring. Each pushing structure includes a bracket, a recessed frame, a rotating rod, and a deflecting plate. The bracket is fixed to the rotating ring, the recessed frame is fixed to the bracket, the two ends of the rotating rod are rotatably mounted on the two ends of the recessed frame, the deflecting plate is fixed to the rotating rod, the intermediate cylinder is located inside the bottom cylinder, and the rotating ring forms a rotational engagement with both the bottom cylinder and the intermediate cylinder.
[0009] Preferably, each of the aforementioned pushing structures is connected to an adjustment assembly, which includes a toggle ring, multiple rotating plates, multiple force-bearing rods, and multiple electric push rods. One end of each of the multiple rotating plates is fixed to one end of each of the multiple rotating rods, and one end of each of the multiple force-bearing rods is fixed to the other end of each of the multiple rotating plates. The multiple electric push rods are all fixed to the bottom barrel, and the telescopic ends of each of the multiple electric push rods are all fixed to the toggle ring. The inner wall of the toggle ring has an annular groove coaxially arranged with it, and each force-bearing rod is movably arranged in the annular groove. The adjustment assembly also includes a pressure sensor and multiple double-section telescopic cylinders. The two ends of each of the multiple double-section telescopic cylinders are fixed to the intermediate cylinder and the movable cylinder, respectively. The pressure sensor is coaxially fixed to the intermediate cylinder, and the bottom end of the movable cylinder is in contact with the annular detection end of the pressure sensor.
[0010] Preferably, the stirring assembly includes a stirring rod, a movable sealing ring, and a stirring blade. One end of the stirring rod is fixed to the stirring blade, and the stirring blade is located above the breathable membrane. The stirring rod is fixed to the movable sealing ring, and the stirring rod forms a movable sealing fit with the movable cylinder through the movable sealing ring. The stirring rod forms a rotational fit with the intermediate cylinder.
[0011] Preferably, the drive assembly includes a servo motor, a transmission rod, a first bevel gear, a second bevel gear, a third bevel gear, and a bevel gear ring. The servo motor is fixed to the bottom barrel, the transmission rod passes through the intermediate cylinder, and both ends of the transmission rod are rotatably engaged with the bottom barrel. The output shaft of the servo motor is coaxially fixed to the transmission rod. The first bevel gear is coaxially fixed to the stirring rod. The second and third bevel gears are both coaxially fixed to the transmission rod. The bevel gear ring is coaxially fixed to the rotating ring. The first bevel gear meshes with the second bevel gear, and the third bevel gear meshes with the bevel gear ring.
[0012] Preferably, a pressure sensor is fixed to the outside of the glass tube, and the detection end of the pressure sensor is located inside the glass tube.
[0013] Preferably, a temperature, humidity, and pH sensor is fixed to the outside of the glass tube, and the detection end of the temperature, humidity, and pH sensor is located inside the glass tube.
[0014] Preferably, the top of the bucket lid has an air vent, which is connected to a three-way pipe. A carbon dioxide sensor and an oxygen sensor are respectively fixedly installed on the two branches of the three-way pipe.
[0015] Preferably, the top of the bucket lid has a reflux hole, and the two branches of the three-way pipe are connected to a confluence pipe, which is connected to a condenser. The drain hole of the condenser is connected to the reflux hole.
[0016] This invention provides an integrated multi-channel gas path biodegradation detection device, which, compared with the prior art, has the following improvements and advantages:
[0017] Firstly, this invention employs a bottom-wave propulsion method combined with low-shear and gentle stirring, which not only effectively improves the mass transfer and oxygen supply efficiency of the material (simulated soil material) system and significantly enhances biodegradation efficiency, but also greatly reduces the adverse effects of high material density and viscosity on the degradation process. This method avoids damage to microbial cells by high shear force, maximizing the protection of the activity of degrading bacteria and the soil microecological structure. At the same time, the wave propulsion breaks up soil compaction, eliminates dead zones in the system's stirring, prevents local hypoxia and accumulation of degradation products, and eliminates the need for continuous high-intensity stirring, effectively reducing the energy consumption of the device.
[0018] Secondly, this invention can adaptively adjust the bottom pushing amplitude according to the environmental density of the degradation system. When the system density is high, the pushing amplitude is moderately increased to effectively break up soil compaction and enhance mass transfer and oxygen supply. When the system density is low, the pushing amplitude is correspondingly reduced to avoid excessive material suspension, stratification and loss, and damage to the microbial microenvironment. This adaptive control method can completely eliminate the problems of stirring dead zones, local hypoxia and degradation product accumulation under different density conditions, and can always maintain a low-shear, mild disturbance state, maximizing the protection of microbial cell activity and soil microecological structure. This allows the device to be perfectly adapted to soil testing systems with various densities and moisture contents, greatly improving the device's versatility and adaptability to operating conditions. At the same time, it ensures that the entire degradation process is always in a uniform, stable and controllable experimental environment, effectively improving biodegradation efficiency and fundamentally guaranteeing the accuracy, parallelism and repeatability of test data. Attached Figure Description
[0019] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.
[0020] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the compost container of the present invention;
[0021] Figure 2 This is a first-view perspective structural diagram of the compost container of the present invention;
[0022] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified structural diagram at point A;
[0023] Figure 4 This is a second-view perspective structural diagram of the compost container of the present invention;
[0024] Figure 5 This is a partial perspective view of the compost container structure of the present invention from a third-view perspective.
[0025] Figure 6 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the compost container of the present invention;
[0026] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the driving structure of the present invention;
[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.
[0028] Figure label:
[0029] 1. Bottom tank; 2. Glass cylinder; 3. Tank lid; 4. Temperature, humidity, and pH sensor; 5. Air pressure sensor; 6. Air outlet; 7. Return hole; 8. Positioning rod; 9. Butterfly nut; 10. Concave block; 11. Crossbar; 12. Servo motor; 13. Intermediate cylinder; 14. Positioning groove; 15. Stirring blade; 16. Breathable membrane; 17. Fixed ring; 18. Movable cylinder; 19. Movable sealing ring; 20. Actuating ring; 21. Electric push rod; 22. Transmission rod; 23. Rotating ring; 24. First bevel gear; 25. Third bevel gear; 26. Rotating plate; 27. Second bevel gear; 28. Support; 29. Concave frame; 30. Actuating plate; 31. Pressure sensor; 32. Rotating rod; 33. Oxygen sensor; 34. Condenser; 35. T-connector; 36. Combination pipe; 37. Carbon dioxide sensor. Detailed Implementation
[0030] The present invention will now be described in detail, and the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0031] This invention provides an integrated multi-channel gas path biodegradation detection device through improvements. The technical solution of this invention is as follows:
[0032] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides an integrated multi-channel gas path biodegradation detection device, including multiple compost containers. Each compost container includes a bottom bucket 1, a glass cylinder 2, and a lid 3. The opening of the bottom bucket 1 is coaxially fixed to one end of the glass cylinder 2, and the other end of the glass cylinder 2 is coaxially set with the lid 3. A breathable membrane 16 is provided at the opening of the bottom bucket 1. A pushing component that partially bulges is provided below the breathable membrane 16, and a stirring component is provided above the breathable membrane 16. The pushing component and the stirring component share a common driving component. The breathable membrane 16 is annular. A fixing ring 17 is fixed to the outer ring of the breathable membrane 16 and the inner wall of the bottom bucket 1. A fixing ring 17 is fixed to the inner ring of the breathable membrane 16. The movable cylinder 18 is coaxially arranged with the glass cylinder 2. A pressure sensor 5 is fixed on the outside of the glass cylinder 2, and the detection end of the pressure sensor 5 is located inside the glass cylinder 2. A temperature, humidity and pH sensor 4 is fixed on the outside of the glass cylinder 2, and the detection end of the temperature, humidity and pH sensor 4 is located inside the glass cylinder 2. An air outlet 6 is opened on the top of the lid 3, and the air outlet 6 is connected to a three-way pipe 35. A carbon dioxide sensor 37 and an oxygen sensor 33 are fixedly installed on the two branches of the three-way pipe 35 respectively. A return hole 7 is opened on the top of the lid 3. The two branches of the three-way pipe 35 are connected to a manifold pipe 36. The manifold pipe 36 is connected to a condenser 34. The drain hole of the condenser 34 is connected to the return hole 7.
[0033] It is necessary to add some explanation to the above. An air inlet is provided on one side of the bottom tank 1, and the air inlet is located below the breathable membrane 16.
[0034] As can be seen from the above connection relationship, multiple composting containers are set up. The simulated soil material, the substance to be degraded, and microorganisms are mixed and placed into the composting containers according to the required volume. All composting containers are placed in the same indoor room or temperature-controlled chamber (temperature-controlled cabinet) to ensure that all composting containers are in an environment with the same temperature and humidity. An air compressor is installed externally, and the air is distributed to each air inlet through a distribution pipe. Oxygen-containing air enters the simulated soil material through the breathable membrane 16, allowing the microorganisms to be in an oxygen-rich environment, thus enabling them to carry out their activity (degradation work). At this time, water vapor and gas are generated, filling the glass cylinder 2. Temperature, humidity, and pH sensors 4 check the temperature and the pH value of the gas. Pressure sensor 5 detects the gas pressure (which can calculate the amount of gas produced per unit time, thereby determining the activity of microorganisms). The generated gas is split from the three-way pipe 35, and the carbon dioxide sensor 37 and oxygen sensor 33 detect it respectively. Then the gas is concentrated in the manifold 36 and then enters the condenser 34. The condensate produced by the condenser 34 is returned through the return hole 7. Thus, multiple sets of comparative experiments are used to eliminate experimental random errors, subtract environmental and substrate interference, improve the accuracy, repeatability and authority of biodegradation rate detection results, meet the standard requirements for degradation performance evaluation, and can also change the mixing ratio of simulated soil materials, substances to be degraded and microorganisms to conduct comparative experiments.
[0035] During the microbial reaction, the propulsion component and the stirring component work synchronously. The stirring component stirs the simulated soil material at a low speed, while the propulsion component pushes the permeable membrane 16 in a undulating motion. This method, which combines bottom undulation with low-shear and gentle stirring, can not only effectively improve the mass transfer and oxygen supply efficiency of the material (simulated soil material) system and significantly improve the biodegradation efficiency, but also greatly reduce the adverse effects of high material density and high viscosity on the degradation process. This method can avoid high shear force damaging the microbial cells, protect the activity of the degrading bacteria and the soil microecological structure to the greatest extent, and break up soil compaction and eliminate dead zones in the system through undulation, thus preventing local hypoxia and accumulation of degradation products. Moreover, it does not require continuous high-intensity stirring, effectively reducing the energy consumption of the device.
[0036] It should be further explained that the permeable membrane 16 allows air to come into contact with the simulated soil material, and microorganisms can be in an oxygen-rich environment to carry out their activities. At the same time, the permeable membrane 16 can prevent water from flowing out of the simulated soil material.
[0037] It needs to be further explained that the purpose of setting up condensation reflux is to condense the water vapor evaporated in the exhaust gas into liquid water and return it to the corresponding compost container, automatically maintain the stability of the moisture content of the material in the container, ensure the microbial degradation activity, and improve the consistency of test data and the degree of system automation.
[0038] It should be further explained that the oxygen sensor 33 is used to ensure that the microorganisms are in a suitable aerobic degradation environment, and the carbon dioxide sensor 37 is used to quantitatively detect the amount of carbon dioxide produced during degradation. The two work together to achieve an accurate determination of the microbial degradation activity and the degree of biodegradation of the material.
[0039] Specifically, in conjunction with the appendix Figures 1-3 As shown, a clamping mechanism is provided on the outside of the bottom bucket 1 to press the bucket lid 3 against the glass cylinder 2. The clamping mechanism includes multiple clamping structures, which are evenly distributed on the edge of the bottom bucket 1. The clamping structure includes a concave block 10, a crossbar 11, a positioning rod 8, and a butterfly nut 9. The concave block 10 is fixed to the bottom bucket 1. The two ends of the crossbar 11 are rotatably mounted on the two ends of the concave block 10. One end of the positioning rod 8 is fixed to the crossbar 11, and the central axis of the positioning rod 8 is parallel to the central axis of the bottom bucket 1. The other end of the positioning rod 8 is provided with an external thread that matches the butterfly nut 9, and the butterfly nut 9 is installed on the positioning rod 8 by a screw connection. The outside of the bucket lid 3 is provided with multiple positioning grooves 14 with its central axis as the center, and the positioning grooves 14 are matched with the positioning rod 8.
[0040] The working principle of the pressing mechanism can be seen from the above connection relationship: the bucket lid 3 is placed on the glass tube 2, then the positioning rod 8 is inserted into the positioning groove 14, the butterfly nut 9 is twisted, the butterfly nut 9 moves down along the positioning rod 8, and the butterfly nut 9 presses the bucket lid 3.
[0041] It should be noted that a rubber gasket is provided on the side of the bucket lid 3 that is in contact with the glass tube 2. When the bucket lid 3 and the glass tube 2 are in contact, the rubber gasket can improve the sealing performance of the two.
[0042] Specifically, in conjunction with the appendix Figures 2-7As shown, the pushing assembly includes a rotating ring 23, an intermediate cylinder 13, and multiple pushing structures. Each pushing structure is evenly distributed on the top surface of the rotating ring 23. Each pushing structure includes a bracket 28, a recessed frame 29, a rotating rod 32, and a deflecting plate 30. The bracket 28 is fixed to the rotating ring 23, the recessed frame 29 is fixed to the bracket 28, and the two ends of the rotating rod 32 are rotatably mounted on the two ends of the recessed frame 29. The deflecting plate 30 is fixed to the rotating rod 32. The intermediate cylinder 13 is located inside the bottom cylinder 1. The rotating ring 23 forms a rotatable engagement with both the bottom cylinder 1 and the intermediate cylinder 13. All pushing structures are connected to an adjusting assembly, which includes a deflecting ring 20, multiple rotating plates 26, multiple force-bearing rods, and... Multiple electric push rods 21 and multiple rotating plates 26 are respectively fixed at one end of multiple rotating rods 32. Multiple force rods are respectively fixed at one end of multiple rotating plates 26. Multiple electric push rods 21 are all fixed to the bottom barrel 1. The telescopic ends of multiple electric push rods 21 are all fixed to the actuating ring 20. The inner wall of the actuating ring 20 is coaxially set with the ring groove. Each force rod is movably set in the ring groove. The adjustment assembly also includes a pressure sensor 31 and multiple double-section telescopic cylinders. The two ends of the multiple double-section telescopic cylinders are respectively fixed to the intermediate cylinder 13 and the movable cylinder 18. The pressure sensor 31 is coaxially fixed to the intermediate cylinder 13. The bottom end of the movable cylinder 18 is in contact with the annular detection end of the pressure sensor 31.
[0043] As can be seen from the above connection relationship, the working process of the propulsion component is as follows: the simulated soil material, the substance to be degraded, and the microorganisms are mixed and placed into the composting container according to the required volume. The mixture is placed on the breathable membrane 16. At this time, the pressure sensor 31 receives the pressure of the movable cylinder 18. At this time, the electric push rod 21 extends and retracts. The electric push rod 21 drives the actuating ring 20 to move up and down. The actuating ring 20 actuates the force rod through the ring groove. The force rod causes the rotating rod 32 to rotate through the rotating plate 26. The rotating rod 32 drives the actuating plate 30 to rotate, thereby changing the initial angle of the actuating plate 30. It should be noted that when the system density is high, the pushing amplitude should be increased appropriately to effectively break up soil compaction and enhance mass transfer and oxygen supply. When the system density is low, the pushing amplitude should be reduced accordingly to avoid excessive suspension of materials, stratification and loss, and damage to the microbial microenvironment. When the rotating ring 23 rotates, the actuating plate 30 actuates the breathable membrane 16, thereby causing the breathable membrane 16 to push the simulated soil material (system) in a wave-like manner.
[0044] Specifically, in conjunction with the appendix Figures 2-6 As shown, the stirring assembly includes a stirring rod, a movable sealing ring 19, and a stirring blade 15. One end of the stirring rod is fixed to the stirring blade 15, and the stirring blade 15 is located above the breathable membrane 16. The stirring rod is fixed to the movable sealing ring 19, and the stirring rod forms a movable sealing fit with the movable cylinder 18 through the movable sealing ring 19. The stirring rod forms a rotational fit with the intermediate cylinder 13.
[0045] It should be noted that the movable sealing ring 19 is one of the common sealing methods, such as O-ring rubber seals and lip seals. Its function is to ensure that the airtightness of the cylinder is not affected when the stirring rod rotates, while allowing slight axial displacement to adapt to thermal expansion and contraction or assembly tolerances. The material of the movable sealing ring 19 needs to be corrosion-resistant, temperature-resistant and have good elasticity. Fluororubber or silicone rubber is preferred to ensure long-term operational stability and sealing reliability.
[0046] Based on the above connection relationship, it can be seen that the working process of the mixing component is as follows: the mixing rod rotates at a low speed, which drives the mixing blade 15 to rotate, and the mixing blade 15 mixes the mixture of simulated soil material, the substance to be degraded, and microorganisms.
[0047] Specifically, in conjunction with the appendix Figures 4-6 As shown, the drive assembly includes a servo motor 12, a transmission rod 22, a first bevel gear 24, a second bevel gear 27, a third bevel gear 25, and a bevel gear ring. The servo motor 12 is fixed to the bottom barrel 1. The transmission rod 22 passes through the intermediate cylinder 13, and both ends of the transmission rod 22 are rotatably engaged with the bottom barrel 1. The output shaft of the servo motor 12 is coaxially fixed with the transmission rod 22. The first bevel gear 24 is coaxially fixed with the stirring rod. The second bevel gear 27 and the third bevel gear 25 are both coaxially fixed with the transmission rod 22. The bevel gear ring is coaxially fixed with the rotating ring 23. The first bevel gear 24 meshes with the second bevel gear 27, and the third bevel gear 25 meshes with the bevel gear ring.
[0048] As can be seen from the above connection relationship, the servo motor 12 causes the transmission rod 22 to rotate through the output shaft. The transmission rod 22 drives the second bevel gear 27 and the third bevel gear 25 to rotate. Since the first bevel gear 24 meshes with the second bevel gear 27 and the third bevel gear 25 meshes with the bevel gear ring, the first bevel gear 24 and the bevel gear ring rotate. Thus, the first bevel gear 24 drives the stirring rod to rotate, and the bevel gear drives the rotating ring 23 to rotate.
[0049] In summary, the entire device is equipped with an independent controller, which is electrically connected to all the aforementioned electrical components.
[0050] Working principle: Simulated soil material, the substance to be degraded, and microorganisms are mixed and placed into composting containers according to the required volume. All composting containers are placed in the same indoor space or temperature-controlled chamber (temperature control cabinet) to maintain a uniform temperature and humidity environment. An external air compressor distributes air through a distribution pipe to each air inlet. Oxygen-rich air enters the simulated soil material through the breathable membrane 16, providing an oxygen-rich environment for microorganisms to function (degrade). This generates water vapor and gas, filling the glass cylinder 2. Temperature, humidity, and pH sensors 4 monitor the temperature and pH value of the gas, while pressure sensor 5 detects... Gas pressure is measured (which allows for the calculation of gas production per unit time, thus determining microbial activity). The generated gas is split from the three-way pipe 35, and detected by the carbon dioxide sensor 37 and the oxygen sensor 33 respectively. The gas is then concentrated in the manifold 36 and enters the condenser 34. The condensate produced in the condenser 34 is returned through the return hole 7. Thus, multiple sets of comparative experiments are used to eliminate random experimental errors, deduct environmental and substrate interference, improve the accuracy, repeatability, and authority of biodegradation rate detection results, and meet the standard requirements for degradation performance evaluation. At the same time, the mixing ratio of simulated soil materials, substances to be degraded, and microorganisms can be changed to conduct comparative experiments.
[0051] During the microbial reaction, the propulsion and stirring components work synchronously. Specifically, the simulated soil material, the substance to be degraded, and the microorganisms are mixed and placed into a composting container according to the required volume. The mixture is placed on the breathable membrane 16. At this time, the pressure sensor 31 receives the pressure from the movable cylinder 18, causing the electric push rod 21 to extend and retract. The electric push rod 21 drives the actuating ring 20 to move up and down. The actuating ring 20 actuates the force rod through the ring groove. The force rod, through the rotating plate 26, causes the rotating rod 32 to rotate. The rotating rod 32 drives the actuating plate 30 to rotate, thereby changing the initial angle of the actuating plate 30. The servo motor 12 rotates the transmission rod 22 through the output shaft. The transmission rod 22 drives the second bevel gear 27 and the third bevel gear 25 to rotate. Since the first bevel gear 24 meshes with the second bevel gear 27 and the third bevel gear 25 meshes with the bevel gear ring, the first bevel gear 24 and the bevel gear ring rotate. Thus, the first bevel gear 24 drives the stirring rod to rotate, and the bevel gear drives the rotating ring 23 to rotate. When the rotating ring 23 rotates, the actuating plate 30 actuates the permeable membrane 16, thereby causing the permeable membrane 16 to ripple and push the simulated soil material (system). The stirring rod rotates at a low speed, and the stirring rod drives the stirring blade 15 to rotate. The stirring blade 15 stirs the mixture of simulated soil material, the substance to be degraded, and microorganisms.
[0052] Therefore, it can be seen that the stirring component performs low-speed stirring of the simulated soil material, which drives the component to oscillate and push the breathable membrane 16. That is, the bottom oscillation push combined with low shear and gentle stirring can not only effectively improve the mass transfer and oxygen supply efficiency of the material (simulated soil material) system and significantly improve the biodegradation efficiency, but also greatly reduce the adverse effects of high material density and high viscosity on the degradation process. This method can avoid high shear force damaging the microbial cells, protect the activity of the degrading bacteria and the soil micro-ecological structure to the greatest extent, and break up soil compaction and eliminate dead zones in the system through oscillation push, thus preventing local hypoxia and accumulation of degradation products. Moreover, it does not require continuous high-intensity stirring, effectively reducing the energy consumption of the device.
[0053] The foregoing description enables those skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims
1. An integrated multi-channel gas-path biodegradation detection device, comprising multiple compost containers, characterized in that, The composting container includes a bottom bucket (1), a glass cylinder (2), and a lid (3). The opening of the bottom bucket (1) is coaxially fixed with one end of the glass cylinder (2), and the other end of the glass cylinder (2) is coaxially set with the lid (3). A breathable membrane (16) is provided at the opening of the bottom bucket (1). A pushing component is provided below the breathable membrane (16) to make it partially bulge. A stirring component is provided above the breathable membrane (16), and the pushing component and the stirring component share a driving component. The breathable membrane (16) is annular. The outer ring of the breathable membrane (16) and the inner side wall of the bottom bucket (1) are fixed together with a fixing ring (17). The inner ring of the breathable membrane (16) is fixed with a movable cylinder (18) coaxially set with it.
2. The integrated multi-channel gas path biodegradation detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer side of the bottom bucket (1) is provided with a pressing mechanism for pressing the bucket lid (3) against the glass tube (2). The pressing mechanism includes multiple pressing structures, which are evenly distributed on the edge of the bottom bucket (1). The pressing structure includes a concave block (10), a crossbar (11), a positioning rod (8), and a butterfly nut (9). The concave block (10) is fixed to the bottom bucket (1). The two ends of the crossbar (11) are rotatably installed on the two ends of the concave block (10). One end of the positioning rod (8) is fixed on the crossbar (11), and the central axis of the positioning rod (8) is parallel to the central axis of the bottom bucket (1). The other end of the positioning rod (8) is provided with an external thread that matches the butterfly nut (9), and the butterfly nut (9) is installed on the positioning rod (8) by a screw connection. The outer side of the bucket lid (3) is provided with multiple positioning grooves (14) with its central axis as the center, and the positioning grooves (14) match the positioning rods (8).
3. The integrated multi-channel gas path biodegradation detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pushing assembly includes a rotating ring (23), an intermediate cylinder (13), and multiple pushing structures. Each pushing structure is evenly distributed on the top ring surface of the rotating ring (23). The pushing structure includes a bracket (28), a recessed frame (29), a rotating rod (32), and a deflecting plate (30). The bracket (28) is fixed to the rotating ring (23), the recessed frame (29) is fixed to the bracket (28), the two ends of the rotating rod (32) are rotatably mounted on the two ends of the recessed frame (29), and the deflecting plate (30) is fixed to the rotating rod (32). The intermediate cylinder (13) is located inside the bottom cylinder (1), and the rotating ring (23) forms a rotating fit with the bottom cylinder (1) and the intermediate cylinder (13) respectively.
4. The integrated multi-channel gas path biodegradation detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: Each of the aforementioned pushing structures is connected to an adjustment assembly, which includes a toggle ring (20), multiple rotating plates (26), multiple force rods, and multiple electric push rods (21). One end of each of the multiple rotating plates (26) is fixed to one end of each of the multiple rotating rods (32), and one end of each of the multiple force rods is fixed to the other end of each of the multiple rotating plates (26). Each of the multiple electric push rods (21) is fixed to the bottom barrel (1), and the telescopic ends of each of the multiple electric push rods (21) are fixed to the toggle ring (20). The inner wall of the toggle ring (20) is coaxially arranged with the ring groove, and each force rod is movably arranged in the ring groove. The adjustment assembly also includes a pressure sensor (31) and multiple double-section telescopic cylinders. The two ends of each of the multiple double-section telescopic cylinders are fixed to the middle cylinder (13) and the movable cylinder (18), respectively. The pressure sensor (31) is coaxially fixed to the middle cylinder (13), and the bottom end of the movable cylinder (18) is in contact with the annular detection end of the pressure sensor (31).
5. The integrated multi-channel gas path biodegradation detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The stirring assembly includes a stirring rod, a movable sealing ring (19), and a stirring blade (15). One end of the stirring rod is fixed to the stirring blade (15), and the stirring blade (15) is located above the breathable membrane (16). The stirring rod is fixed to the movable sealing ring (19), and the stirring rod forms a movable sealing fit with the movable cylinder (18) through the movable sealing ring (19). The stirring rod forms a rotational fit with the intermediate cylinder (13).
6. The integrated multi-channel gas path biodegradation detection device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The drive assembly includes a servo motor (12), a transmission rod (22), a first bevel gear (24), a second bevel gear (27), a third bevel gear (25), and a bevel gear ring. The servo motor (12) is fixed to the bottom barrel (1). The transmission rod (22) passes through the intermediate cylinder (13), and both ends of the transmission rod (22) are rotated with the bottom barrel (1). The output shaft of the servo motor (12) is coaxially fixed with the transmission rod (22). The first bevel gear (24) is coaxially fixed with the stirring rod. The second bevel gear (27) and the third bevel gear (25) are both coaxially fixed with the transmission rod (22). The bevel gear ring is coaxially fixed with the rotating ring (23). The first bevel gear (24) meshes with the second bevel gear (27), and the third bevel gear (25) meshes with the bevel gear ring.
7. The integrated multi-channel gas path biodegradation detection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A pressure sensor (5) is fixed on the outside of the glass tube (2), and the detection end of the pressure sensor (5) is located inside the glass tube (2).
8. The integrated multi-channel gas path biodegradation detection device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A temperature and humidity pH sensor (4) is fixed on the outside of the glass tube (2), and the detection end of the temperature and humidity pH sensor (4) is located inside the glass tube (2).
9. The integrated multi-channel gas path biodegradation detection device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The top of the bucket lid (3) is provided with an air vent (6), and the air vent (6) is connected to a three-way pipe (35). Two branches of the three-way pipe (35) are respectively fixedly installed with a carbon dioxide sensor (37) and an oxygen sensor (33).
10. The integrated multi-channel gas path biodegradation detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the bucket lid (3) is provided with a reflux hole (7), and the two branches of the three-way pipe (35) are connected to a manifold pipe (36). The manifold pipe (36) is connected to a condenser (34), and the drain hole of the condenser (34) is connected to the reflux hole (7).