Ultra-high temperature gas cooled reactor coupled soec integrated hydrogen production device and method

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of ultra-high temperature gas cooled reactor coupling SOEC comprehensive hydrogen production device and method, in the hydrogen production device provided in the application, using the process system of coupling of ultra-high temperature gas cooled reactor and SOEC hydrogen production technology, the excellent characteristics of green pollution-free of ultra-high temperature gas cooled reactor and SOEC electric pile are retained in this process system, also two parts are perfectly combined by high temperature steam generator, a large amount of high-temperature heat energy can be generated by ultra-high temperature gas cooled reactor, a large amount of high-temperature steam can be generated by high temperature steam generator, so that efficient large-scale hydrogen production can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of hydrogen production technology, and in particular to an ultra-high temperature gas-cooled reactor coupled SOEC integrated hydrogen production device and method. Background Technology

[0002] There are two main types of existing hydrogen production technologies: one is traditional fossil fuel hydrogen production technology, and the other is conventional water electrolysis hydrogen production technology.

[0003] Traditional fossil fuel hydrogen production technology, while highly efficient and low-cost, relies on fossil fuels, which are non-renewable and precious resources, and generates large amounts of greenhouse gases and harmful gases during the hydrogen production process.

[0004] Conventional water electrolysis hydrogen production technology does not produce greenhouse gases during the production process, but it has low overall efficiency, high power consumption, and requires the use of precious metals as electrodes, resulting in high costs. Furthermore, due to technological limitations, it is difficult to achieve large-scale hydrogen production. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above problems, this application provides an ultra-high temperature gas-cooled reactor coupled with SOEC integrated hydrogen production device and method to achieve green, efficient, and large-scale hydrogen production. The specific scheme is as follows:

[0006] The first aspect of this application provides an ultra-high temperature gas-cooled reactor coupled with SOEC integrated hydrogen production device, comprising:

[0007] The ultra-high temperature gas-cooled reactor heating system (101), the high temperature steam generator (102) connected to the output end of the ultra-high temperature gas-cooled reactor heating system (101), the SOEC fuel cell module group (10) connected to the high temperature steam generator (102), and the SOEC fuel cell module group (10) also connected to a high temperature gas generator (103).

[0008] In one possible implementation, the ultra-high temperature gas-cooled reactor heating system (101) includes: an ultra-high temperature gas-cooled reactor (1), and a heat exchanger (2) and a fan (3) respectively connected to the ultra-high temperature gas-cooled reactor (1).

[0009] In one possible implementation, the high-temperature steam generator (102) includes:

[0010] A steam generator (4) is connected to the output end of the ultra-high temperature gas-cooled reactor heating system (101), and a water pump (12) is also connected to the steam generator (4).

[0011] A first heater connected to the steam generator (4) is used to heat the steam generated by the steam generator (4). The first heater is connected to the SOEC stack module group (10).

[0012] In one possible implementation, a pressure reducing valve (7) is also provided on the connection branch between the steam generator (4) and the first heater.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the first heater comprises two connected in sequence.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the high-temperature gas generator (103) includes:

[0015] An air compressor (13), a second heater connected to the air compressor (13), and the second heater connected to the SOEC fuel cell stack module group (10).

[0016] In one possible implementation, the second heater comprises two connected in sequence.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the hydrogen production device also includes:

[0018] A power generation unit (104) is connected to the SOEC stack module group (10), the high-temperature steam generator (102) and the ultra-high temperature gas-cooled reactor heating system (101), respectively, for generating electricity using the high-temperature steam output from the high-temperature steam generator (102).

[0019] In one possible implementation, the power generation device (104) includes:

[0020] Fans (6) are connected to the ultra-high temperature gas-cooled reactor heating system (101) respectively.

[0021] A steam generator (5) is connected to a high-temperature steam generator (102). The steam output from the high-temperature steam generator (102) enters the steam generator (5) under the drive of a blower (6).

[0022] A steam turbine (16) is connected to a steam generator (5), and a generator (17) is connected to the steam turbine (5). The electrical energy output by the generator (17) supplies power to the SOEC stack module group (10).

[0023] The generator (17) is also connected to a condenser (18), and a water pump (19) is installed on the connecting branch of the condenser (18) and the steam generator (5).

[0024] The second aspect of this application provides a comprehensive hydrogen production method for an ultra-high temperature gas-cooled reactor coupled with SOEC, comprising:

[0025] The ultra-high temperature gas-cooled reactor heating system (101) generates and outputs high-temperature thermal energy;

[0026] The high-temperature steam generator (102) converts the high-temperature heat energy output from the ultra-high temperature gas-cooled reactor heating system (101) into high-temperature steam through heat exchange.

[0027] The SOEC fuel cell module (10) electrolyzes the high-temperature steam output from the high-temperature steam generator (102) under the action of the high-temperature gas generated by the high-temperature gas generator (103) to obtain hydrogen and oxygen.

[0028] By means of the above technical solution, the ultra-high temperature gas-cooled reactor coupled with SOEC integrated hydrogen production device provided in this application utilizes the process system of coupling ultra-high temperature gas-cooled reactor and SOEC hydrogen production technology. This process system retains the excellent green and pollution-free characteristics of both ultra-high temperature gas-cooled reactor and SOEC stack. It also perfectly combines the two parts through a high-temperature steam generator. The ultra-high temperature gas-cooled reactor can generate a large amount of high-temperature heat energy, and the high-temperature steam generator can generate a large amount of high-temperature steam, thereby realizing efficient and large-scale hydrogen production. Attached Figure Description

[0029] The above and other features, advantages, and aspects of the embodiments of this disclosure will become more apparent from the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description. Throughout the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements. It should be understood that the drawings are schematic, and the originals and elements are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0030] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a superheated gas-cooled reactor coupled with SOEC integrated hydrogen production device provided in this application;

[0031] Figure 2 A schematic flow diagram of an integrated hydrogen production method for a gas-cooled reactor coupled with SOEC provided in this application;

[0032] in:

[0033] 1-Ultra-high temperature gas-cooled reactor;

[0034] 2-Heat exchanger;

[0035] 3-Helium blower;

[0036] 4-Steam generator;

[0037] 5-Steam generator;

[0038] 6-Helium blower;

[0039] 7-Pressure reducing valve;

[0040] 8-Steam preheater;

[0041] 9-Steam reheater;

[0042] 10-SOEC fuel cell stack;

[0043] 11-Gas-water separator;

[0044] 12-Water supply pump;

[0045] 13-Air compressor;

[0046] 14-Air preheater;

[0047] 15-Air reheater;

[0048] 16-Steam turbine;

[0049] 17-Generator;

[0050] 18-Condenser;

[0051] 19-Water supply pump. Detailed Implementation

[0052] The embodiments of this application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The terminology used in the implementation section of this application is for explaining specific embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0053] The embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art will recognize that, with technological advancements and the emergence of new scenarios, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application are equally applicable to similar technical problems.

[0054] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such terms are interchangeable where appropriate; this is merely a way of distinguishing objects with the same attributes in the embodiments of this application. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of elements is not necessarily limited to those elements but may include other elements not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, systems, products, or apparatus.

[0055] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship in the working state of the present invention, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0056] This application provides an ultra-high temperature gas-cooled reactor coupled with SOEC integrated hydrogen production device, which can achieve green, efficient and large-scale hydrogen production.

[0057] For example, Figure 1A schematic diagram of the structure of the ultra-high temperature gas-cooled reactor coupled with SOEC integrated hydrogen production device provided in the embodiments of this application is shown.

[0058] like Figure 1 As shown in the embodiment of this application, the ultra-high temperature gas-cooled reactor coupled with SOEC integrated hydrogen production device includes:

[0059] The VHTR heating system 101 includes a high-temperature steam generator 102 connected to the output of the VHTR heating system 101, a solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC) stack module 10 connected to the high-temperature steam generator 102, and a high-temperature gas generator 103 connected to the SOEC stack module 10.

[0060] For example, VHTR heating system 101 is used to generate and output high-temperature heat energy.

[0061] Alternatively, see also Figure 1 The VHTR heating system 101 includes: an ultra-high temperature gas-cooled reactor 1, and a heat exchanger 2 and a fan 3 respectively connected to the ultra-high temperature gas-cooled reactor 1. The fan 3 is also referred to as a helium fan 3.

[0062] The ultra-high temperature gas-cooled reactor 1 is a fourth-generation nuclear reactor that utilizes helium to cool and heat-resistant fuel. While ensuring inherent safety, it can efficiently generate electricity and provide high-temperature thermal energy (approximately 750 to 950 degrees Celsius) for applications such as hydrogen production and industrial heating. In this embodiment, the ultra-high temperature gas-cooled reactor 1 can generate and externally transport high-temperature thermal energy using helium as the heat transfer medium.

[0063] Optionally, the blower 3 is usually located at the top of the steam generator or at the outlet end of the ultra-high temperature gas-cooled reactor 1. By driving helium to circulate in the primary loop, it carries out the core heat of the ultra-high temperature gas-cooled reactor 1 and transports it to the outside.

[0064] Heat exchanger 2 is used to efficiently transfer heat from a high-temperature medium to a low-temperature medium. A heat exchanger is also called a heat exchanger.

[0065] Optionally, the heat exchanger 2 can receive high-temperature thermal energy delivered by the ultra-high temperature gas-cooled reactor 1 using helium as the heat transfer medium, and can also receive cooling water, and output thermal energy through heat exchange.

[0066] Therefore, the ultra-high temperature gas-cooled reactor 1 generates a large amount of high-temperature heat energy through nuclear fission reaction, uses helium as the heat energy transfer medium, and is driven by helium blower 3 to enter the heat exchanger 2, and outputs the heat energy after heat exchange.

[0067] The high-temperature steam generator 102 is used to convert the high-temperature thermal energy output from the ultra-high temperature gas-cooled reactor heating system 101 into high-temperature steam through heat exchange.

[0068] Alternatively, see also Figure 1 The high-temperature steam generator 102 includes: a steam generator 4, a water pump 12, and a first heater; wherein:

[0069] The steam generator 4 is connected to the output end of the ultra-high temperature gas-cooled reactor heating system 101 and can receive the heat energy delivered by the output end of the ultra-high temperature gas-cooled reactor heating system 101; the steam generator 4 is also connected to the water pump 12, and the cooling water in the water pump 12 can be input into the steam generator 4.

[0070] The first heater is connected to the steam generator 4 and is used to heat the steam generated by the steam generator 4. The first heater is also connected to the SOEC fuel cell stack module group 10. The high-temperature steam obtained by the first heater can be delivered to the SOEC fuel cell stack module group 10.

[0071] Optionally, the first heater comprises two connected in sequence, such as... Figure 1 The steam preheater 8 and steam reheater 9 shown are used to heat the steam generated by the steam generator 4. The steam preheater 8 is used to heat the steam generated by the steam generator 4. The steam reheater 9 is used to further heat the steam after it passes through the steam preheater 8. The two heaters, steam preheater 8 and steam reheater 9, form a two-stage heating of the steam. This can improve energy efficiency, avoid local overheating, and enhance the reliability of heating through graded temperature control.

[0072] Optionally, to prevent excessive steam pressure from causing safety risks, a pressure reducing valve 7 is also installed on the connection branch between the steam generator 4 and the first heater. Optionally, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the pressure reducing valve 7 can be installed on the connection branch between the steam generator 4 and the steam preheater 8. The pressure reducing valve 7 can also ensure that the steam generator 4 and the SOEC stack module group 10 operate in their respective ideal states.

[0073] The high-temperature gas generator 103 is used to generate high-temperature gases, such as high-temperature air.

[0074] Alternatively, see also Figure 1 The high-temperature gas generator 103 includes: a gas compressor 13 and a second heater; wherein:

[0075] Gas compressor 13, if it is an air compressor, is used to compress air, for example, to pressurize clean air to 0.2 to 0.4 MPa, but this does not constitute a limitation.

[0076] The second heater is connected to the gas compressor 13 and also to the SOEC fuel cell stack module 10. It can heat the compressed gas and deliver it to the SOEC fuel cell stack module 10.

[0077] Optionally, the second heater comprises two connected in sequence, such as... Figure 1 The air preheater 14 and air reheater 15 shown are used to heat the air compressed by the gas compressor 13. The air preheater 14 is used to heat the air. The air reheater 15 is used to further heat the air. The two heaters, air preheater 14 and air reheater 15, form a two-stage heating of the compressed gas. They also improve energy efficiency, avoid local overheating, and enhance the reliability of heating through staged temperature control.

[0078] With the participation of high-temperature air, the SOEC fuel cell module 10 undergoes a high-temperature electrolysis reaction to produce hydrogen and oxygen, thus completing the hydrogen production process.

[0079] Furthermore, the high-temperature air entering the SOEC fuel cell module 10 can also carry away the oxygen generated in the reaction. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the SOEC fuel cell stack module 10 can transport oxygen and high-temperature air, which are discharged through the air preheater 14. Since high-temperature air and oxygen are not polluting, direct discharge does not cause environmental pollution.

[0080] In some embodiments, gas-liquid separation is also required to collect the produced hydrogen. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the hydrogen production device also includes a gas-water separator 11, which can be connected to a steam preheater 8 and can be a component of the high-temperature steam generator 102.

[0081] Water vapor that is not completely reacted by the SOEC stack module group 10 can enter the gas-water separator 11 along with the hydrogen through the steam preheater 8. The gas-water separator 11 cools and separates the water vapor in the hydrogen to obtain hydrogen and condensate, and the hydrogen is collected.

[0082] Alternatively, the condensate can be recycled back into the steam generator 4 for reuse.

[0083] It is understood that the SOEC fuel cell module group 10 requires electrical energy to operate. Therefore, in some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the hydrogen production device provided in this application embodiment also includes a power generation device 104.

[0084] The power generation unit 104 is connected to the SOEC stack module group 10, the high-temperature steam generator 102 and the ultra-high temperature gas-cooled reactor heating system 101 respectively, and is used to generate electricity using the high-temperature steam output from the high-temperature steam generator 102.

[0085] In one possible implementation, such asFigure 1 As shown, the power generation unit 104 includes: a fan 6, a steam generator 5, a steam turbine 16, and a generator 17; wherein,

[0086] The blower 6 is, for example, a helium blower, and is connected to the ultra-high temperature gas-cooled reactor heating system 101; the steam generator 5 is connected to the steam generator 4 in the high temperature steam generator 102, and the steam output from the steam generator 4 enters the steam generator 5 under the drive of the blower 6.

[0087] The steam turbine 16 is connected to the steam generator 5, and the generator 17 is connected to the steam turbine 16 and also to the SOEC fuel cell stack module group 10. The high-temperature steam delivered by the steam generator 5 can drive the steam turbine 16 and the generator 17 to generate electricity. At least part of the electrical energy obtained by the generator 17 can be input into the SOEC fuel cell stack module group 10 as the electrical energy required for hydrogen production by electrolysis of steam.

[0088] The generator 17 is also connected to a condenser 18. A water pump 19 is also installed on the connection branch between the condenser 18 and the steam generator 5. The steam after the work is done is condensed by the condenser 18, and the condensate is recycled back into the steam generator 5 under the drive of the water pump 19.

[0089] The hydrogen production device provided in this application belongs to the ultra-high temperature gas-cooled reactor coupled SOEC integrated hydrogen production technology. It is a technology that uses the high temperature, clean and high-quality thermal energy generated by the ultra-high temperature gas-cooled reactor to drive the SOEC solid oxide electrolysis module to perform high-temperature electrolysis of water vapor to produce hydrogen, which can realize green, efficient and large-scale hydrogen production.

[0090] Data shows that the combined efficiency of converting thermal energy generated by the ultra-high temperature gas-cooled reactor (UHT reactor) into high-temperature steam and electricity is no less than 58%, and the efficiency of SOEC module electrolysis for hydrogen production is no less than 90%. Therefore, the combined efficiency of coupling high-temperature electrolysis hydrogen production with the UHT reactor can reach over 50%. The hydrogen production capacity of a single UHT reactor module can reach 30,000 Nm³ when using SOEC electrolysis high-temperature steam hydrogen production technology coupled with the UHT reactor. 3 The capacity is / h, and it can be modularly expanded according to the increase in demand. The generated hydrogen energy can meet the hydrogen needs of large petrochemical and metallurgical enterprises.

[0091] Ultra-high temperature gas-cooled reactors (UHT reactors) possess advantages such as no greenhouse gas emissions, high outlet temperatures, stable energy output, and inherent safety, making them an ideal primary energy source for large-scale hydrogen production. Utilizing UHT reactors for hydrogen production offers low carbon emissions and high efficiency, providing an important energy alternative for my country's low-carbon processes and industrial upgrading, and is of great significance for ensuring energy security. SOEC electrolysis of steam for hydrogen production is also clean, producing no greenhouse gases or harmful gases; therefore, this application couples the two technologies, creating another clean, green hydrogen technology.

[0092] This application can also efficiently utilize the high-temperature thermal energy generated by the ultra-high temperature gas-cooled reactor. The hydrogen production device includes two steam generators and adopts the principle of energy cascade utilization. The steam generated by the first steam generator is used for hydrogen production, and the steam generated by the second steam generator is used for power generation. It can efficiently utilize thermal energy while taking into account both hydrogen production and power generation.

[0093] Ultra-high temperature gas-cooled reactors can generate a large amount of high-temperature heat energy, thus producing a large amount of high-temperature steam, enabling large-scale hydrogen production. Furthermore, the heat energy distribution ratio can be adjusted according to actual needs, thereby controlling the production of hydrogen and electricity.

[0094] This application also provides an integrated hydrogen production method for an ultra-high temperature gas-cooled reactor coupled with SOEC, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the method includes:

[0095] S201, the ultra-high temperature gas-cooled reactor heating system 101 generates and outputs high-temperature thermal energy;

[0096] S202, the high-temperature steam generator 102 converts the high-temperature heat energy output from the ultra-high temperature gas-cooled reactor heating system 101 into high-temperature steam through heat exchange;

[0097] S203 and SOEC fuel cell module 10, under the action of high-temperature gas generated by high-temperature gas generator 103, electrolyze the high-temperature steam output from high-temperature steam generator 102 to obtain hydrogen and oxygen.

[0098] The structural descriptions of the ultra-high temperature gas-cooled reactor heating system 101, the high temperature steam generator 102, and the high temperature gas generator 103 can be found in the previous text. The working cooperation of each component to complete the hydrogen production process can also be found in the previous text, and will not be repeated here.

[0099] In the embodiments of this application, the terms and English abbreviations are exemplary examples given for ease of description and should not be construed as limiting the application in any way. This application does not preclude the possibility of defining other terms that can achieve the same or similar functions in existing or future agreements.

[0100] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted or not performed. Furthermore, the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interface, or the indirect coupling or communication connection of the apparatus or unit may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0101] It should be understood that in the various embodiments of this application, the sequence number of each process does not imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0102] In summary, the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the technical solution of this application and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A superheated gas-cooled reactor coupled with SOEC integrated hydrogen production unit, characterized in that, include: The system includes an ultra-high temperature gas-cooled reactor heating system (101), a high temperature steam generator (102) connected to the output end of the ultra-high temperature gas-cooled reactor heating system (101), an SOEC fuel cell module group (10) connected to the high temperature steam generator (102), and a high temperature gas generator (103) connected to the SOEC fuel cell module group (10).

2. The hydrogen production apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ultra-high temperature gas-cooled reactor heating system (101) includes: The ultra-high temperature gas-cooled reactor (1), and a heat exchanger (2) and a fan (3) respectively connected to the ultra-high temperature gas-cooled reactor (1).

3. The hydrogen production apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-temperature steam generator (102) includes: A steam generator (4) is connected to the output end of the ultra-high temperature gas-cooled reactor heating system (101), and the steam generator (4) is also connected to a water pump (12). A first heater connected to the steam generator (4) is used to heat the steam generated by the steam generator (4), and the first heater is connected to the SOEC stack module group (10).

4. The hydrogen production apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that, A pressure reducing valve (7) is also provided on the connection branch between the steam generator (4) and the first heater.

5. The hydrogen production apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first heater comprises two connected in sequence.

6. The hydrogen production apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-temperature gas generator (103) includes: An air compressor (13) and a second heater connected to the air compressor (13), the second heater being connected to the SOEC stack module group (10).

7. The hydrogen production apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that, The second heater comprises two connected in sequence.

8. The hydrogen production apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A power generation device (104) is connected to the SOEC stack module group (10), the high-temperature steam generator (102) and the ultra-high temperature gas-cooled reactor heating system (101) respectively, for generating electricity using the steam output by the high-temperature steam generator (102).

9. The hydrogen production apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that, The power generation device (104) includes: Fans (6) are connected to the ultra-high temperature gas-cooled reactor heating system (101) respectively. A steam generator (5) is connected to the high-temperature steam generator (102), and the steam output by the high-temperature steam generator (102) enters the steam generator (5) under the drive of the blower (6). A steam turbine (16) is connected to the steam generator (5), and the steam turbine (16) is connected to a generator (17). The electrical energy output by the generator (17) supplies power to the SOEC stack module group (10). The generator (17) is also connected to a condenser (18), and a water pump (19) is also provided on the connecting branch of the condenser (18) and the steam generator (5).

10. A method for integrated hydrogen production using an ultra-high temperature gas-cooled reactor coupled with SOEC, characterized in that, include: The ultra-high temperature gas-cooled reactor heating system (101) generates and outputs high-temperature thermal energy; The high-temperature steam generator (102) converts the high-temperature thermal energy output by the ultra-high temperature gas-cooled reactor heating system (101) into high-temperature steam through heat exchange. The SOEC fuel cell module (10) electrolyzes the high-temperature steam output from the high-temperature steam generator (102) under the action of the high-temperature gas generated by the high-temperature gas generator (103) to obtain hydrogen and oxygen.

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