Roadway water disaster detection method, device, storage medium and system

Abstract

The application provides a roadway water disaster detection method and device, a storage medium and a system. The method comprises the following steps: obtaining geological parameters of a roadway to be excavated, and determining drilling information of the roadway to be excavated according to the geological parameters; obtaining a while-drilling engineering parameter and a drill bit state in the process of drilling the drill hole, and obtaining first detection data by using a first electromagnetic wave detector with a first frequency when the drill bit state indicates that drilling is in progress; obtaining second detection data by using a second electromagnetic wave detector with a second frequency when the drill bit state indicates that drilling is paused, the first frequency being greater than the second frequency; and determining whether a water disaster area exists in the roadway to be excavated according to the first detection data, the second detection data and the while-drilling engineering parameter. The application solves the problem that, in the prior art, after geophysical prospecting is completed, drilling verification is required when a water disaster above a roadway is detected, thereby reducing the efficiency of excavation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of geological exploration technology, and more specifically, to a method for detecting water hazards in tunnels, a device for detecting water hazards in tunnels, a computer-readable storage medium, and a system for detecting water hazards in tunnels. Background Technology

[0002] Current detection technologies primarily rely on a combination of geophysical exploration and drilling. Geophysical exploration uses physical methods such as electromagnetic waves and resistivity to initially locate groundwater bodies. However, geophysical results often fail to provide sufficiently precise data, and there is a degree of uncertainty in assessing complex underground geological structures. Therefore, after geophysical exploration is completed, drilling is still necessary to verify the findings and confirm information such as the specific location, size, and water pressure of the aquifer.

[0003] However, separating geophysical exploration from drilling not only limits the exploration range but also increases the construction period. After geophysical exploration is completed, drilling is required for verification, and since the two operations are conducted independently, this significantly impacts project progress. Especially in rapid construction scenarios, this separation of geophysical exploration and drilling cannot meet the demands of fast and continuous operations, resulting in inefficiency and potential safety hazards.

[0004] Therefore, improving detection efficiency has become an urgent problem to be solved in order to enhance the efficiency and safety of underground engineering construction. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main objective of this application is to provide a method, device, computer-readable storage medium, and system for detecting water hazards in roadways, so as to at least solve the problem that in the prior art, drilling verification is required after geophysical exploration when detecting water hazards above roadways, resulting in low tunneling efficiency.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, according to one aspect of this application, a method for detecting water hazards in roadways is provided, comprising: acquiring geological parameters of the roadway to be excavated; determining borehole information of the roadway to be excavated based on the geological parameters, the borehole information including the location of the borehole, and the geological parameters including the type of rock strata; acquiring drilling-while-drilling parameters and drill bit status during the drilling process; when the drill bit status indicates that drilling is in progress, acquiring first detection data using a first electromagnetic wave detector at a first frequency, the drilling-while-drilling parameters including drill bit pressure, and the first detection data including electromagnetic wave reflection data; when the drill bit status indicates that drilling is paused, acquiring second detection data using a second electromagnetic wave detector at a second frequency, the first frequency being greater than the second frequency; and determining whether a water hazard area exists in the roadway to be excavated based on the first detection data, the second detection data, and the drilling-while-drilling parameters.

[0007] Optionally, the drilling engineering parameters further include drill bit rotation speed, drilling speed, and drill bit tool face angle. Obtaining the drilling engineering parameters and drill bit status includes: determining a first product as the product of a first preset weight and a drill bit pressure variation coefficient, where the drill bit pressure variation coefficient characterizes the fluctuation of the drill bit pressure during drilling; determining a second product as the product of a second preset weight and a drill bit rotation speed variation coefficient, where the drill bit rotation speed variation coefficient characterizes the fluctuation of the drill bit rotation speed during drilling; determining a third product as the product of a third preset weight and a drilling speed variation coefficient, where the drilling speed variation coefficient characterizes the fluctuation of the drilling speed during drilling; and determining a fourth product as a fourth preset weight. The product of the weight and the tool face angle change rate, where the sum of the first preset weight, the second preset weight, the third preset weight, and the fourth preset weight is a preset constant, and the tool face angle change rate characterizes the rate of change of the drill bit tool face angle during drilling; a first sum is determined to be the sum of the first product and the second product; a second sum is determined to be the sum of the first sum and the third product; a third sum is determined to be the sum of the second sum and the fourth product; if the third sum is greater than a preset threshold, the drill bit state is determined to be in a drilling state; if the third sum is less than or equal to the preset threshold, the drill bit state is determined to be in a paused state.

[0008] Optionally, before determining the first product as the product of the first preset weight and the drill bit pressure variation coefficient, the method further includes: calculating a first standard deviation of the drill bit pressure within a preset sliding window, and calculating a first average value of the drill bit pressure within the preset sliding window; calculating a second standard deviation of the drill bit rotation speed within the preset sliding window, and calculating a second average value of the drill bit rotation speed within the preset sliding window; calculating a third standard deviation of the drilling speed within the preset sliding window, and calculating a third average value of the drilling speed within the preset sliding window; determining the drill bit pressure variation coefficient as the quotient of the first standard deviation and the first average value; determining the drill bit rotation speed variation coefficient as the quotient of the second standard deviation and the second average value; and determining the drilling speed variation coefficient as the quotient of the third standard deviation and the third average value.

[0009] Optionally, determining whether a water-hazard area exists in the roadway to be excavated based on the first detection data, the second detection data, and the drilling engineering parameters includes: determining the three-dimensional trajectory coordinates of the borehole based on the drilling engineering parameters, wherein the three-dimensional trajectory coordinates characterize the three-dimensional spatial shape of the borehole; determining the resistivity distribution information of the borehole based on the three-dimensional trajectory coordinates and the second detection data, wherein the resistivity distribution information characterizes the resistivity distribution around the borehole; generating a detection image based on the first detection data, wherein the detection image characterizes the spatial features of the first detection data; determining whether a water-bearing body exists around the borehole based on the resistivity distribution information, and determining whether a water-conducting channel exists around the borehole based on the detection image; determining that the water-hazard area exists in the roadway to be excavated if the water-bearing body and / or the water-conducting channel exists around the borehole; and determining that the water-hazard area does not exist in the roadway to be excavated if the water-bearing body and / or the water-conducting channel does not exist around the borehole.

[0010] Optionally, the resistivity distribution information includes multiple coordinate points and corresponding resistivity. Determining whether there is a water-bearing body around the borehole based on the resistivity distribution information includes: calculating the resistivity gradient of each coordinate point based on the multiple coordinate points and corresponding resistivity, wherein the resistivity gradient characterizes the change of resistivity in a preset spatial coordinate system; calculating a first modulus value of each resistivity gradient; determining that there is a water-bearing body around the borehole if a second modulus value among the multiple first modulus values ​​is greater than a preset modulus value; and determining that there is no water-bearing body around the borehole if all of the multiple first modulus values ​​are less than or equal to the preset modulus value.

[0011] Optionally, if a second modulus value greater than a preset modulus value is found among a plurality of first modulus values, after determining that a water-bearing body exists around the borehole, the method further includes: obtaining a second modulus value greater than the preset modulus value among a plurality of first modulus values, and determining the coordinate point corresponding to the second modulus value; determining the boundary information of the water-bearing body based on the coordinate point, and generating alarm information including the boundary information to indicate that a water-bearing body exists around the borehole.

[0012] Optionally, determining whether a water-guiding channel exists around the borehole based on the probe image includes: preprocessing the probe image to enhance target features, obtaining a preprocessed probe image, wherein the preprocessing includes Radon transform processing, and the target features include the water-guiding channel and the features of the water-bearing body; calculating the signal curvature field of the preprocessed probe image, wherein the signal curvature field includes each pixel of the preprocessed probe image and its corresponding curvature; determining multiple pixels in the signal curvature field whose curvature is greater than a preset curvature as feature pixels; and determining whether a water-guiding channel exists around the borehole based on the multiple feature pixels.

[0013] According to another aspect of this application, a water hazard detection device for roadways is provided, comprising: a first acquisition unit, configured to acquire geological parameters of the roadway to be excavated, and determine borehole information of the roadway to be excavated based on the geological parameters, wherein the borehole information includes the location of the borehole, and the geological parameters include rock strata type; a second acquisition unit, configured to acquire drilling engineering parameters and drill bit status during the drilling process, wherein when the drill bit status indicates that drilling is in progress, a first electromagnetic wave detector at a first frequency acquires first detection data, wherein the drilling engineering parameters include drill bit pressure, and the first detection data includes electromagnetic wave reflection data; a third acquisition unit, configured to acquire second detection data using a second electromagnetic wave detector at a second frequency when the drill bit status indicates that drilling is paused, wherein the first frequency is greater than the second frequency; and a determination unit, configured to determine whether a water hazard area exists in the roadway to be excavated based on the first detection data, the second detection data, and the drilling engineering parameters.

[0014] According to another aspect of this application, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, the computer-readable storage medium including a stored program, wherein, when the program is executed, it controls the device on which the computer-readable storage medium is located to perform any of the methods described.

[0015] According to another aspect of this application, a water hazard detection system for a tunnel is provided, comprising: one or more processors, a memory, and one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the one or more processors, the one or more programs including methods for performing any one of the methods described.

[0016] By applying the technical solution of this application, and through the combined use of first-frequency and second-frequency electromagnetic wave detectors, electromagnetic wave data can be acquired synchronously during drilling. Combined with drilling parameters such as drill bit pressure and rotation speed, potential water hazard areas such as groundwater bodies and water diversion channels can be quickly identified, enabling a more accurate assessment of water hazard risks and reducing the need for drilling verification following geophysical exploration. This avoids redundant drilling operations and thus improves the overall efficiency of tunnel excavation. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of this application. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of this application are used to explain this application and do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings:

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic flowchart of a water hazard detection method for a tunnel according to an embodiment of this application is shown;

[0019] Figure 2 A schematic flowchart of another method for detecting water hazards in a tunnel according to an embodiment of this application is shown;

[0020] Figure 3 A structural block diagram of a water hazard detection device for a roadway provided according to an embodiment of this application is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0021] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. This application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0022] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0023] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate for the embodiments of this application described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0024] As described in the background section, existing technologies require drilling verification after geophysical exploration when detecting water hazards above tunnels, resulting in low tunneling efficiency. To solve the above technical problems, embodiments of this application provide a method for detecting water hazards in tunnels, a device for detecting water hazards in tunnels, a computer-readable storage medium, and a system for detecting water hazards in tunnels.

[0025] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a water hazard detection method for roadways according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 As shown, the method includes the following steps:

[0027] Step S101: Obtain the geological parameters of the tunnel to be excavated, and determine the borehole information of the tunnel to be excavated based on the geological parameters. The borehole information includes the location of the borehole, and the geological parameters include the rock strata type.

[0028] Specifically, geological parameters include: stratigraphic lithology (such as sandstone, mudstone, and limestone), aquifer distribution range, thickness, burial depth, water pressure information, location of structural fault zones, and historical water inrush records. Based on the above geological parameters, and in conjunction with the requirements of tunnel design elevation and excavation direction, a set of directional boreholes is designed and laid out along the tunnel excavation direction. The borehole information includes borehole opening coordinates, borehole dip angle, azimuth angle, and target depth, ensuring that the borehole trajectory covers the roof aquifer and structural fracture zone within a range of 30-80m directly above the tunnel.

[0029] Step S102: During the drilling process of the above-mentioned borehole, the drilling engineering parameters and the drill bit status are obtained. When the drill bit status indicates that drilling is in progress, the first electromagnetic wave detector of the first frequency is used to obtain the first detection data. The drilling engineering parameters include the drill bit pressure, and the first detection data includes electromagnetic wave reflection data.

[0030] Specifically, during drilling operations, a non-hydrodynamic directional drilling system (such as a downhole mud-free drilling rig) can be used. A drilling-while-drilling (WDD) parameter measuring instrument and a first electromagnetic wave detector are fixedly installed at the rear end of the drill bit. The WDD parameter measuring instrument collects key engineering parameters in real time during the drilling process, including bit pressure (WOB), bit rotation speed (RPM), drilling speed (ROP), borehole inclination angle, azimuth angle, and tool face angle (TF). When the analysis of these parameters determines that the drill bit is in a continuous drilling state, the first frequency electromagnetic wave detector is automatically triggered to start detection. This first electromagnetic wave detector is a high-frequency narrowband pulse transmitter and receiver device, with its transmitting and receiving antennas integrated within the drill collar. The detection direction is perpendicular to the borehole axis, forming a circumferential scanning beam. During drilling, the high-frequency electromagnetic waves penetrate the surrounding rock mass and receive its reflected echoes, obtaining a series of time-domain electromagnetic wave reflection signals that vary with depth, i.e., the first detection data.

[0031] Step S103: When the drill bit status indicates that drilling is paused, a second electromagnetic wave detector with a second frequency is used to acquire second detection data, wherein the first frequency is greater than the second frequency.

[0032] Specifically, when drilling needs to be paused due to adding drill rods, equipment adjustments, or encountering hard rock, the drilling parameters measurement instrument detects a sudden drop in bit pressure (WOB) to near zero, a zeroing of the drilling speed (ROP), and drastic fluctuations in bit rotation speed (RPM) or the appearance of periodic intermittent pulses. The system determines the drill bit status as "drilling paused." In this state, the first high-frequency electromagnetic wave detector is automatically shut down, and the second frequency electromagnetic wave detector is activated. This second electromagnetic wave detector is a low-frequency broadband electromagnetic transmitter and receiver device with strong penetration capability and large detection depth, suitable for detecting large-scale water-bearing bodies or low-resistivity anomalies. In the paused drilling state, the instrument emits low-frequency electromagnetic pulses into the roof strata, collecting resistivity response data throughout the entire detection volume, forming a radial resistivity profile centered on the borehole (i.e., the second detection data). Because low-frequency electromagnetic waves have high sensitivity to water-bearing media (such as water-rich sandstone and fault gouge), the amplitude attenuation and phase shift of their reflected signals can reflect the spatial distribution, water abundance, and conductivity of the water-bearing body.

[0033] Step S104: Determine whether there is a water hazard area in the tunnel to be excavated based on the first detection data, the second detection data, and the drilling engineering parameters.

[0034] Through the above embodiments, the combined use of first and second frequency electromagnetic wave detectors allows for the simultaneous acquisition of electromagnetic wave data during drilling. Combined with drilling parameters such as drill bit pressure and rotation speed, potential water hazard areas such as groundwater bodies and water diversion channels can be quickly identified, enabling more accurate assessment of water hazard risks and reducing the need for drilling verification following geophysical exploration. This avoids redundant drilling operations and improves the overall efficiency of tunnel excavation.

[0035] In one optional embodiment, the aforementioned drilling engineering parameters further include drill bit rotation speed, drilling speed, and drill bit tool face angle. Obtaining the drilling engineering parameters and drill bit status includes: determining that the first product is the product of a first preset weight and the drill bit pressure variation coefficient, where the drill bit pressure variation coefficient characterizes the degree of fluctuation of the drill bit pressure during drilling; determining that the second product is the product of a second preset weight and the drill bit rotation speed variation coefficient, where the drill bit rotation speed variation coefficient characterizes the degree of fluctuation of the drill bit rotation speed during drilling; determining that the third product is the product of a third preset weight and the drilling speed variation coefficient, where the drilling speed variation coefficient characterizes the degree of fluctuation of the drilling speed during drilling; and determining that the fourth product is the fourth... The product of a preset weight and the tool face angle change rate, where the sum of the first, second, third, and fourth preset weights is a preset constant, and the tool face angle change rate characterizes the rate of change of the drill bit tool face angle during drilling; a first sum is determined to be the sum of the first and second products; a second sum is determined to be the sum of the first and third products; a third sum is determined to be the sum of the second and fourth products; if the third sum is greater than a preset threshold, the drill bit is determined to be in a drilling state; if the third sum is less than or equal to the preset threshold, the drill bit is determined to be in a paused state.

[0036] In the above embodiments, by constructing a multi-parameter integrated discrimination model that integrates drill bit pressure, rotation speed, footage variation coefficient and tool face angle change rate, high-precision, adaptive and anti-interference identification of drill bit drilling and pause states is achieved. This enables seamless synchronization between high-frequency and low-frequency electromagnetic wave detection modes and drilling operation cycle, solving the technical problems of inaccurate detection, low efficiency and data gaps caused by state misjudgment in traditional methods. It also realizes non-stop, fully continuous and high-precision advanced detection of water hazards in coal mines.

[0037] In another alternative embodiment, before determining that the first product is the product of the first preset weight and the drill bit pressure variation coefficient, the method further includes: calculating the first standard deviation of the drill bit pressure within a preset sliding window, and calculating the first average value of the drill bit pressure within the preset sliding window; calculating the second standard deviation of the drill bit rotation speed within the preset sliding window, and calculating the second average value of the drill bit rotation speed within the preset sliding window; calculating the third standard deviation of the drilling speed within the preset sliding window, and calculating the third average value of the drilling speed within the preset sliding window; determining that the drill bit pressure variation coefficient is the quotient of the first standard deviation and the first average value; determining that the drill bit rotation speed variation coefficient is the quotient of the second standard deviation and the second average value; and determining that the drilling speed variation coefficient is the quotient of the third standard deviation and the third average value.

[0038] In the above embodiments, by performing local statistical analysis on the drilling parameters within a preset sliding window, the standard deviation and arithmetic mean of these parameters in the time domain are systematically calculated, and the dimensionless coefficient of variation is further derived. This transforms the absolute value signals, which are originally affected by multiple factors such as equipment model, drill string assembly, rock hardness, and downhole conditions, into standardized relative quantities that characterize the inherent stability and dynamic fluctuations of the drilling rig. This preprocessing mechanism not only effectively filters out high-frequency noise and transient interference caused by hydraulic pulsation, sensor jitter, and mechanical collisions, avoiding the risk of misjudgment caused by directly using raw data in traditional methods, but more importantly, it reveals the essential difference between drilling and paused conditions. The former is characterized by continuous and regular fluctuations of parameters within a certain range, while the latter is characterized by parameters tending to remain static and the disappearance of systematic changes. This method does not depend on specific equipment or geological conditions. Through adaptive matching of the sliding window length and sampling frequency, it ensures its wide applicability and robustness under different mines, different drilling rigs, and different tunneling speeds.

[0039] In some exemplary embodiments, determining whether a water-hazard area exists in the roadway to be excavated based on the first detection data, the second detection data, and the drilling engineering parameters includes: determining the three-dimensional trajectory coordinates of the borehole based on the drilling engineering parameters, wherein the three-dimensional trajectory coordinates characterize the three-dimensional spatial shape of the borehole; determining the resistivity distribution information of the borehole based on the three-dimensional trajectory coordinates and the second detection data, wherein the resistivity distribution information characterizes the resistivity distribution around the borehole; generating a detection image based on the first detection data, wherein the detection image characterizes the spatial features of the first detection data; determining whether a water-bearing body exists around the borehole based on the resistivity distribution information, and determining whether a water-conducting channel exists around the borehole based on the detection image; if a water-bearing body and / or a water-conducting channel exist around the borehole, determining that a water-hazard area exists in the roadway to be excavated; if no water-bearing body and / or a water-conducting channel exist around the borehole, determining that no water-hazard area exists in the roadway to be excavated.

[0040] In the above embodiments, by collecting borehole inclination, azimuth, and depth information in real time, the borehole's orientation and shape in the actual downhole space are reconstructed, ensuring that all subsequent detection data have a unified and accurate spatial reference benchmark. This avoids positioning deviations caused by assuming the borehole is straight or vertical, ensuring that the detection results correspond to the actual geological structure. Binding low-frequency electromagnetic wave detection data to the actual three-dimensional trajectory of the borehole allows the resistivity response to no longer be limited to a two-dimensional profile or assumed location, but to truly reflect the electrical changes of the medium in the three-dimensional space surrounding the borehole, achieving a spatial representation of the potential distribution area of ​​water-bearing bodies. High-frequency electromagnetic wave detection data is then sequenced by depth. It forms a visual representation, intuitively presenting the spatial distribution of reflected wave amplitude, time delay, and waveform morphology, thus visualizing the non-uniform characteristics of structures such as micro-cracks and fracture zones. The presence of water-bearing bodies is determined by low-resistivity anomaly areas in the resistivity distribution, and the presence of water-conducting channels is determined by the abnormal morphology of reflection features in the detection images. This enables independent and parallel discrimination of two key water hazard elements, avoiding the one-sidedness of a single data source. As long as either a water-bearing body or a water-conducting channel is identified, it is determined to be a water hazard area, ensuring the conservatism and reliability of safety warnings and avoiding water inrush accidents caused by missed detections. At the same time, it provides clear safety confirmation for tunneling operations when neither is detected.

[0041] In some other exemplary embodiments, the resistivity distribution information includes multiple coordinate points and corresponding resistivities. Determining whether there is a water-bearing body around the borehole based on the resistivity distribution information includes: calculating the resistivity gradient of each coordinate point based on the multiple coordinate points and corresponding resistivities, wherein the resistivity gradient characterizes the change of the resistivity in a preset spatial coordinate system; calculating a first modulus value of each resistivity gradient; determining that there is a water-bearing body around the borehole if a second modulus value among the multiple first modulus values ​​is greater than a preset modulus value; and determining that there is no water-bearing body around the borehole if all of the multiple first modulus values ​​are less than or equal to the preset modulus value.

[0042] In the above embodiments, by quantifying the rate of change of resistivity in each direction in three-dimensional space, the spatial abrupt change characteristics of electrical parameters are revealed, transforming the originally discrete resistivity data into continuous gradient information that can reflect the interface of the medium or the transition region of physical properties. The three-dimensional gradient vector is synthesized into a single scalar value to uniformly characterize the intensity of resistivity change at each spatial location, eliminating the discrimination interference caused by directional differences. When the intensity of resistivity change at a certain location exceeds a set threshold, it indicates that there is a significant electrical interface at that location, which conforms to the typical boundary characteristics formed by the sudden drop in resistivity between the aquifer and the surrounding rock due to water content. Thus, the spatial location of the aquifer can be reliably identified. When the resistivity change at all spatial points is within a gradual range without significant abrupt changes, it indicates that the medium is electrically homogeneous and there is no obvious boundary of the aquifer, thereby eliminating the risk of the aquifer and achieving a clear determination of the water-free area.

[0043] In some exemplary embodiments of this application, when a second modulus value greater than a preset modulus value is found among a plurality of the aforementioned first modulus values, after determining that a water-bearing body exists around the borehole, the method further includes: obtaining the second modulus value greater than the preset modulus value among a plurality of the aforementioned first modulus values, and determining the coordinate point corresponding to the second modulus value; determining the boundary information of the water-bearing body based on the coordinate point, and generating alarm information including the boundary information to indicate that a water-bearing body exists around the borehole.

[0044] In the above embodiments, by selecting resistivity gradient magnitudes that meet the threshold conditions and associating them with their corresponding spatial coordinates, the key locations that may exist in the aquifer are accurately located, avoiding indiscriminate processing of all data points and improving the specificity of the judgment results and the efficiency of data processing. The identified coordinates are used as candidate points for the boundary of the aquifer, and their spatial distribution directly characterizes the boundary range of the aquifer, forming simplified spatial contour information. Based on this contour, clear alarm content is generated to provide intuitive prompts to the operators, thereby providing direct and responsive early warning basis for subsequent tunneling decisions and improving the safety of the operation.

[0045] In some further exemplary embodiments of this application, determining whether a water-guiding channel exists around the borehole based on the aforementioned detection image includes: preprocessing the detection image to enhance target features, obtaining a preprocessed detection image, wherein the preprocessing includes Radon transform processing, and the target features include features of the water-guiding channel and the water-bearing body; calculating the signal curvature field of the preprocessed detection image, wherein the signal curvature field includes each pixel of the preprocessed detection image and its corresponding curvature; determining multiple pixels in the signal curvature field whose curvature is greater than a preset curvature as feature pixels; and determining whether a water-guiding channel exists around the borehole based on the multiple feature pixels.

[0046] In the above embodiments, the linear or curved reflection structure in the original detection image is transformed into a peak response in the parameter space through Radon transform, which enhances the directional or curvature features of the water-conducting channel and water-bearing body in the image, suppresses background noise and horizontal layered reflection interference, and makes the morphological information of the target structure easier to identify in subsequent analysis. By calculating the curvature value of the local region of each pixel in the image, the curvature degree of image grayscale change is quantified, so that structures with significant curvature, such as water-conducting channels, present high response values ​​in the curvature field, thereby realizing the spatial sensitivity expression of non-uniform structures. By setting a curvature threshold, regions with drastic local morphological changes are screened out, and interference from smooth or uniform regions is eliminated, so as to achieve preliminary spatial positioning of potential water-conducting channels, and only pixels with significant deformation features are retained as candidate regions. When feature pixels show a clustering or connectivity trend in the image, it indicates the existence of an abnormal structural morphology with spatial continuity, which can be determined as the possible existence of a water-conducting channel. This realizes the binarization judgment from local deformation features of the image to the existence of the overall structure, providing an intuitive and actionable early warning basis for water-conducting channels for tunnel excavation.

[0047] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of this application, the implementation process of the water hazard detection method for roadways of this application will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0048] This embodiment relates to a specific method for detecting water hazards in roadways, such as... Figure 2 As shown, it includes the following steps:

[0049] Step S1: Collect geological parameter information from the previous geological survey and exploration of the area where the roadway to be excavated is located, determine the approximate range and size of the water-bearing body in the roof above the roadway, and design directional boreholes in the coal mine based on the approximate range and size of the water-bearing body. The directional boreholes are distributed in the roof above the roadway.

[0050] Step S2: Based on the designed directional borehole, and following the directional drilling construction process, the directional borehole is constructed before excavation. The non-hydrodynamic directional drilling method is used in the directional borehole. The first frequency electromagnetic wave detector, the second frequency electromagnetic wave detector, and the drilling engineering parameter measuring instrument are installed behind the drill bit to perform drilling measurements.

[0051] Step S3: During directional drilling, the drilling parameters measurement instrument performs real-time measurements throughout the entire drilling process (including the drilling pause and drill pipe loading process). Based on the drill bit pressure, drill bit rotation speed, drilling speed, and other parameters measured during the drilling parameters measurement, it is determined whether drilling is in progress or the drilling pause and drill pipe loading process is underway. When drilling is in progress, an electromagnetic wave detection instrument with a frequency of 100MHz or higher is activated to detect high-frequency electromagnetic waves; when drilling is paused and drill pipe loading is underway, an electromagnetic wave detection instrument with a frequency of 50MHz or lower is activated to detect low-frequency electromagnetic waves. All data collected during the detection process is stored in the instrument.

[0052] Specifically, in step S3, the drilling parameters measuring instrument measures parameters such as borehole inclination angle, azimuth angle, tool face angle, drill bit pressure, drill bit rotation speed, and drilling speed in real time during drilling. The method for determining whether drilling is in progress or paused for drill pipe addition based on the drill bit pressure (WOB), drill bit rotation speed (RPM), drilling speed (ROP), and tool face angle (TF) measured by the drilling parameters in step S3 is as follows:

[0053] Step S31: Preprocess the bit pressure (WOB), bit rotation speed (RPM), drilling speed (ROP), and tool face angle (TF) from the start of drilling to the current time point using a moving average filter to eliminate abrupt changes in the data. , , , In the formula, M is the sliding window size, M = 3 or 5. If the data acquisition time interval is less than 0.1s, then M = 5; otherwise, M = 3. t is the current data acquisition time, WOB. filtered(t) RPM is the pre-treated drill bit pressure. filtered(t) ROP is the drill bit rotation speed after pretreatment. filtered(t) TF represents the drilling speed after pretreatment. filtered(t) The orientation angle of the pre-processed instrument tool.

[0054] Step S32: Extract feature values ​​from the pre-processed drill bit pressure, drill bit rotation speed, drilling speed, and instrument tool face angle. , , In the formula: , , These represent the standard deviations of drill bit pressure, drill bit rotation speed, and drilling speed after pretreatment. , These are the pre-treated drill bit pressures (WOB). filter ), Drill bit rotation speed (RPM) filter ), Drilling speed (ROP) filter The average value within a window length N is the average value of the window. N is the window length, and N=M in general. , , In the formula: , , These are the coefficients of variation for drill bit pressure, drill bit rotation speed, and drilling speed after pretreatment, respectively. In the formula: This represents the rate of change of the instrument tool orientation angle (TFfilter) after filtering.

[0055] Step S33: Construct the characterization parameter F for determining drilling and pausing, specifically, In the formula: , , , These are the weighting factors, + + + =1.

[0056] Step S34: Determine whether drilling is in progress or paused. Specifically, if F > flag, it is in drilling progress, and high-frequency electromagnetic waves are activated for detection; if F ≤ flag, it is in paused and rod-addition progress, and low-frequency electromagnetic waves are activated for detection. Here, flag is the threshold for state determination. This value can be assigned according to actual application. In practical applications, the flag value can be analyzed and summarized based on historical data and manually marked data. Different regions and different rock types require adaptive analysis and summarization. Specifically, it can be implemented as follows: One approach is to manually pause drilling at least 3 times within a drilling depth of less than 3m, with each pause having a different duration, such as 10s, 20s, and 30s. Then, calculate the flag value, analyze the distribution of flags during pauses and drilling, and average the maximum flag value during pauses with the minimum flag value during drilling. This average is used as the flag value for determining the state of drilling in this instance. Another method is to manually mark and record the drilling status of a borehole while drilling in the same area. After drilling is completed, machine learning is used to classify the flag value of the entire borehole and obtain a flag value as the flag value of the area drilling.

[0057] Step S4: After the directional drilling is completed, retrieve the detection data from the first frequency electromagnetic wave instrument, the second frequency electromagnetic wave instrument, and the data detected by the drilling engineering parameter measuring instrument.

[0058] Step S5: Process the data obtained from the first frequency electromagnetic wave instrument detection data, the second frequency electromagnetic wave instrument detection data, and the data detected by the drilling engineering parameter measuring instrument, and comprehensively analyze and invert the distribution of water-bearing bodies above the roadway and the analysis of water diversion channels to provide safety assurance for roadway excavation.

[0059] The specific processing of the data detected by the high-frequency electromagnetic wave instrument, the low-frequency electromagnetic wave instrument, and the drilling parameter measurement instrument in step S5 is as follows:

[0060] Step S51: Filter the dip angle and azimuth angle measured by the drilling engineering parameter measuring instrument, and calculate the three-dimensional trajectory coordinates Trj(d,x,y,z) of the borehole, where d is the depth of the borehole, and x, y, z are spatial coordinates.

[0061] Step S52: Process the drill bit pressure, drill bit rotation speed, and drilling speed measured by the drilling parameter measuring instrument. The specific processing is as follows:

[0062] Step S521: Extract the data from the drilling and pause states determined in real time during the drilling process in step S3, and extract the pre-processed data of drill bit pressure, drill bit rotation speed, and drilling speed under the drilling state.

[0063] Step S522: Normalize the drill bit pressure, drill bit rotation speed, and drilling speed:

[0064] ;

[0065] ;

[0066] ;

[0067] In the formula, , , These represent the drill bit pressure, drill bit rotation speed, and drilling speed at the i-th depth point after preprocessing in step three, respectively. , , These represent the normalized drill bit pressure, drill bit rotation speed, and drilling speed at the i-th depth point, respectively. i is the depth point index.

[0068] Step S523: Preprocess the data detected by the electromagnetic wave instrument at the first frequency, and extract the time corresponding to the point of maximum direct wave amplitude. The specific processing is as follows:

[0069] Step S5231: The data from high-frequency electromagnetic wave detection corresponds to a time-series signal for each depth point. Where d is depth and t is time. Preprocessing of the high-frequency electromagnetic wave detection data employs methods such as automatic gain control and bandpass filtering. Preprocess is the preprocessor, which includes preprocessing methods such as automatic gain control and bandpass filtering.

[0070] Step S5232: Extract the time point corresponding to the point of maximum amplitude of the direct wave from the high-frequency electromagnetic wave detection data at each depth point. ,in, This is the time coordinate value corresponding to the maximum response of the direct wave amplitude.

[0071] Step S5233: Normalize the time corresponding to the point of maximum amplitude of the extracted direct wave: , This is the normalized result of the arrival time of the direct high-frequency electromagnetic wave at the i-th depth sampling point.

[0072] Step S5234: Normalize the drill bit pressure ( ), drill bit speed ( ), drilling speed ( ), the time corresponding to the maximum amplitude of the direct wave ( Combining these factors, lithology identification and classification along the borehole are performed. The specific method is as follows: using the normalized drill bit pressure ( ), Drill bit rotation speed ( ), drilling speed ( ), the time corresponding to the maximum amplitude of the direct wave ( Construct the feature matrix X:

[0073] In the formula, m represents the total number of borehole depth points. Cluster analysis is then performed on the constructed feature matrix X: In the formula, C is the clustering result vector, and K is the cluster center. Perform Bayesian classification based on clustering: In the formula, Li represents the lithological cluster. The posterior probability is calculated by combining the cluster information: In the formula This represents the conditional probability of lithology Lj when cluster Ci is known. The final lithology along the borehole is determined based on probability calculation and analysis. In the formula, P1…Pn are the prior probabilities of different lithologies, which are determined based on the geological conditions of the borehole exploration area.

[0074] Step S524: Preprocess the LowEV data from the second-frequency electromagnetic wave instrument detection to analyze the spatial location of the water-bearing body. The specific method is as follows: The data from the second-frequency electromagnetic wave detection corresponds to a time series signal for each depth point. Where d is depth and t is time. Preprocessing of low-frequency electromagnetic wave detection data involves methods such as wavelet threshold denoising, background field removal, and data normalization. EV_Pre is the preprocessor, which includes preprocessing methods such as wavelet threshold denoising, background field removal, and data normalization. Three-dimensional inversion is then performed on the preprocessed low-frequency electromagnetic wave detection data to retrieve the three-dimensional resistivity distribution around the instrument's detection area. Inv is a 3D inversion generator, which includes 3D inversion algorithms such as constructing an objective function and using Gauss-Newton iterative inversion methods. A gradient method for calculating resistivity is used for boundary detection and calculation of water-bearing bodies. In the formula For the above x, y, and z are the spatial coordinates. Aquifer boundary: In the formula, Gthreshold is the threshold for judging water-bearing bodies, which is set according to the geological characteristics of the region.

[0075] Step S525: Process the pre-processed data detected by the high-frequency electromagnetic wave instrument to analyze the location of the water-conducting channel. The specific method is as follows: SSpre is used to create a two-dimensional time-depth profile image (BSSpre) from the pre-processed high-frequency electromagnetic wave detection data. Radon transform domain filtering is applied to the image to enhance the high curvature components corresponding to the hyperbolic structures such as reactive fractures. SSpre is the two-dimensional time-depth profile image obtained after pre-processing the high-frequency electromagnetic wave detection data, and BSSpre is the enhanced two-dimensional time-depth profile image obtained after Radon transform domain filtering of the SSpre image. Where z is the depth variable, Preserve image angle Tilt component to suppress horizontal layered reflections. Curvature property analysis: Calculate the signal curvature field and mark high curvature regions. S z S t S represents the spatial and temporal gradients of BSSpre, respectively. zz S tt This is the second derivative of BSSpre. Improved Hough transform: For the marked high curvature region, read the hyperbolic vertex (z0, t0) and the opening velocity v, and calculate the voting function t: The parameter combinations (z0, t0, v) that satisfy the voting function equation are accumulated and voted on. Greedy search optimization: Candidate hyperbolas are selected in descending order of vote count, and the accurate parameters are fitted using the least squares method. In the formula, N is the number of hyperbolic regions obtained above. Multi-scale verification is performed on the searched hyperbolic regions: the consistency of hyperbolic features is verified at multiple scales. BSSpre is decomposed into wavelet multi-scale components. If hyperbolas at the same location are detected in more than three scales, they are considered valid fractures. Geometric constraint filtering is performed on the searched hyperbolic feature regions: candidates with opening velocities v exceeding the formation velocity range are removed; dip angles θ < 30° are removed. Horizontal interference. Water channel parameter calculation: Water channel location: Hyperbola vertex depth z0, Water channel width: ( For hyperbolic half-power, the inclination angle of the wide water guide channel is: .

[0076] It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowchart in the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions, and although a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases the steps shown or described may be executed in a different order than that shown here.

[0077] This application also provides a water hazard detection device for roadways. It should be noted that the water hazard detection device for roadways in this application can be used to execute the water hazard detection method for roadways provided in this application. This device is used to implement the above embodiments and preferred embodiments; details already described will not be repeated. As used below, the term "module" can refer to a combination of software and / or hardware that performs a predetermined function. Although the device described in the following embodiments is preferably implemented in software, hardware implementation, or a combination of software and hardware, is also possible and contemplated.

[0078] The following describes the water hazard detection device for roadways provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0079] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a water hazard detection device for roadways according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 As shown, the device includes:

[0080] The first acquisition unit 10 is used to acquire the geological parameters of the tunnel to be excavated, and to determine the borehole information of the tunnel to be excavated based on the geological parameters. The borehole information includes the location of the borehole, and the geological parameters include the rock strata type.

[0081] Specifically, geological parameters include: stratigraphic lithology (such as sandstone, mudstone, and limestone), aquifer distribution range, thickness, burial depth, water pressure information, location of structural fault zones, and historical water inrush records. Based on the above geological parameters, and in conjunction with the requirements of tunnel design elevation and excavation direction, a set of directional boreholes is designed and laid out along the tunnel excavation direction. The borehole information includes borehole opening coordinates, borehole dip angle, azimuth angle, and target depth, ensuring that the borehole trajectory covers the roof aquifer and structural fracture zone within a range of 30-80m directly above the tunnel.

[0082] The second acquisition unit 20 is used to acquire drilling engineering parameters and drill bit status during the drilling process of the above-mentioned borehole. When the drill bit status indicates that drilling is in progress, the first electromagnetic wave detector of the first frequency is used to acquire first detection data. The drilling engineering parameters include drill bit pressure, and the first detection data includes electromagnetic wave reflection data.

[0083] Specifically, during drilling operations, a non-hydrodynamic directional drilling system (such as a downhole mud-free drilling rig) can be used. A drilling-while-drilling (WDD) parameter measuring instrument and a first electromagnetic wave detector are fixedly installed at the rear end of the drill bit. The WDD parameter measuring instrument collects key engineering parameters in real time during the drilling process, including bit pressure (WOB), bit rotation speed (RPM), drilling speed (ROP), borehole inclination angle, azimuth angle, and tool face angle (TF). When the analysis of these parameters determines that the drill bit is in a continuous drilling state, the first frequency electromagnetic wave detector is automatically triggered to start detection. This first electromagnetic wave detector is a high-frequency narrowband pulse transmitter and receiver device, with its transmitting and receiving antennas integrated within the drill collar. The detection direction is perpendicular to the borehole axis, forming a circumferential scanning beam. During drilling, the high-frequency electromagnetic waves penetrate the surrounding rock mass and receive its reflected echoes, obtaining a series of time-domain electromagnetic wave reflection signals that vary with depth, i.e., the first detection data.

[0084] The third acquisition unit 30 is used to acquire second detection data using a second electromagnetic wave detector at a second frequency when the drill bit status indicates that drilling has been suspended, wherein the first frequency is greater than the second frequency.

[0085] Specifically, when drilling needs to be paused due to adding drill rods, equipment adjustments, or encountering hard rock, the drilling parameters measurement instrument detects a sudden drop in bit pressure (WOB) to near zero, a zeroing of the drilling speed (ROP), and drastic fluctuations in bit rotation speed (RPM) or the appearance of periodic intermittent pulses. The system determines the drill bit status as "drilling paused." In this state, the first high-frequency electromagnetic wave detector is automatically shut down, and the second frequency electromagnetic wave detector is activated. This second electromagnetic wave detector is a low-frequency broadband electromagnetic transmitter and receiver device with strong penetration capability and large detection depth, suitable for detecting large-scale water-bearing bodies or low-resistivity anomalies. In the paused drilling state, the instrument emits low-frequency electromagnetic pulses into the roof strata, collecting resistivity response data throughout the entire detection volume, forming a radial resistivity profile centered on the borehole (i.e., the second detection data). Because low-frequency electromagnetic waves have high sensitivity to water-bearing media (such as water-rich sandstone and fault gouge), the amplitude attenuation and phase shift of their reflected signals can reflect the spatial distribution, water abundance, and conductivity of the water-bearing body.

[0086] The determination unit 40 is used to determine whether there is a water hazard area in the roadway to be excavated based on the first detection data, the second detection data and the drilling engineering parameters.

[0087] In the above embodiments, by using the first and second frequency electromagnetic wave detectors in combination, electromagnetic wave data is acquired synchronously during drilling. Combined with drilling engineering parameters such as drill bit pressure and rotation speed, potential water hazard areas such as groundwater bodies and water diversion channels can be quickly identified, enabling a more accurate assessment of water hazard risks and reducing the traditional process of drilling verification after geophysical exploration. This avoids redundant drilling operations and thus improves the overall efficiency of tunnel excavation.

[0088] In one optional embodiment, the second acquisition unit includes: a first determining module, configured to determine that the first product is the product of a first preset weight and a drill bit pressure variation coefficient, wherein the drill bit pressure variation coefficient characterizes the degree of fluctuation of the drill bit pressure during drilling; a second determining module, configured to determine that the second product is the product of a second preset weight and a drill bit rotation speed variation coefficient, wherein the drill bit rotation speed variation coefficient characterizes the degree of fluctuation of the drill bit rotation speed during drilling; a third determining module, configured to determine that the third product is the product of a third preset weight and a drilling speed variation coefficient, wherein the drilling speed variation coefficient characterizes the degree of fluctuation of the drilling speed during drilling; and a fourth determining module, configured to determine that the fourth product is the product of a fourth preset weight and a tool face angle change rate, wherein the first preset weight... The sum of the weights, the second preset weight, the third preset weight, and the fourth preset weight is a preset constant. The tool face angle change rate characterizes the rate of change of the drill bit tool face angle during the drilling process. The fifth determining module is used to determine the first sum as the sum of the first product and the second product. The sixth determining module is used to determine the second sum as the sum of the first sum and the third product. The seventh determining module is used to determine the third sum as the sum of the second sum and the fourth product. The eighth determining module is used to determine the drill bit state as drilling if the third sum is greater than a preset threshold. The ninth determining module is used to determine the drill bit state as paused if the third sum is less than or equal to the preset threshold.

[0089] In another optional embodiment, the second acquisition unit further includes: a first calculation module, used to calculate the first standard deviation of the drill bit pressure within a preset sliding window, and to calculate the first average value of the drill bit pressure within the preset sliding window; a second calculation module, used to calculate the second standard deviation of the drill bit rotation speed within the preset sliding window, and to calculate the second average value of the drill bit rotation speed within the preset sliding window; a third calculation module, used to calculate the third standard deviation of the drilling speed within the preset sliding window, and to calculate the third average value of the drilling speed within the preset sliding window; a tenth determination module, used to determine that the coefficient of variation of the drill bit pressure is the quotient of the first standard deviation and the first average value; an eleventh determination module, used to determine that the coefficient of variation of the drill bit rotation speed is the quotient of the second standard deviation and the second average value; and a twelfth determination module, used to determine that the coefficient of variation of the drilling speed is the quotient of the third standard deviation and the third average value.

[0090] In some exemplary embodiments, the determining unit includes: a thirteenth determining module, configured to determine the three-dimensional trajectory coordinates of the borehole based on the drilling parameters, wherein the three-dimensional trajectory coordinates characterize the three-dimensional spatial shape of the borehole; a fourteenth determining module, configured to determine the resistivity distribution information of the borehole based on the three-dimensional trajectory coordinates and the second detection data, wherein the resistivity distribution information characterizes the resistivity distribution around the borehole; a generating module, configured to generate a detection image based on the first detection data, wherein the detection image characterizes the spatial features of the first detection data; a fifteenth determining module, configured to determine whether there is a water-bearing body around the borehole based on the resistivity distribution information, and to determine whether there is a water-conducting channel around the borehole based on the detection image; a sixteenth determining module, configured to determine that the roadway to be excavated has a water-damaged area if there is a water-bearing body and / or a water-conducting channel around the borehole; and a seventeenth determining module, configured to determine that the roadway to be excavated does not have a water-damaged area if there is no water-bearing body and / or a water-conducting channel around the borehole.

[0091] In some other exemplary embodiments, the fifteenth determining module includes: a first calculation submodule, configured to calculate the resistivity gradient of each of the coordinate points based on the plurality of coordinate points and the corresponding resistivity, wherein the resistivity gradient characterizes the change of the resistivity in a preset spatial coordinate system; a second calculation submodule, configured to calculate the first modulus value of each of the resistivity gradients; a first determining submodule, configured to determine that a water-bearing body exists around the borehole if a second modulus value among the plurality of first modulus values ​​is greater than a preset modulus value; and a second determining submodule, configured to determine that a water-bearing body does not exist around the borehole if all of the plurality of first modulus values ​​are less than or equal to the preset modulus value.

[0092] In some exemplary embodiments of this application, the fifteenth determining module further includes: an acquisition submodule, configured to acquire a second modulus value that is greater than the preset modulus value among a plurality of the first modulus values, and determine the coordinate point corresponding to the second modulus value; and a third determining submodule, configured to determine the boundary information of the water-bearing body based on the coordinate point, and generate alarm information including the boundary information to indicate that the water-bearing body exists around the borehole.

[0093] In some further exemplary embodiments of this application, the fifteenth determining module further includes: a processing submodule, configured to preprocess the probe image to enhance target features and obtain a preprocessed probe image, wherein the preprocessing includes Radon transform processing and the target features include the features of the water-conducting channel and the water-bearing body; a third calculation submodule, configured to calculate the signal curvature field of the preprocessed probe image, wherein the signal curvature field includes each pixel of the preprocessed probe image and its corresponding curvature; a fourth determining submodule, configured to determine multiple pixels in the signal curvature field whose curvature is greater than a preset curvature as feature pixels; and a fifth determining submodule, configured to determine whether the water-conducting channel exists around the borehole based on the multiple feature pixels.

[0094] The aforementioned water hazard detection device for the tunnel includes a processor and a memory. The first acquisition unit, the second acquisition unit, the third acquisition unit, and the determination unit are all stored as program units in the memory. The processor executes the program units stored in the memory to achieve the corresponding functions. All of the above modules are located in the same processor; alternatively, the above modules may be located in different processors in any combination.

[0095] The processor contains a kernel, which retrieves the corresponding program units from memory. One or more kernels can be configured. By adjusting kernel parameters, the problem of low tunneling efficiency caused by the need for drilling verification after geophysical exploration when detecting water hazards above tunnels can be addressed.

[0096] The memory may include non-permanent memory in computer-readable media, such as random access memory (RAM) and / or non-volatile memory, such as read-only memory (ROM) or flash RAM, and the memory includes at least one memory chip.

[0097] This invention provides a computer-readable storage medium including a stored program, wherein the program, when running, controls the device containing the computer-readable storage medium to perform the water hazard detection method for the tunnel.

[0098] Specifically, methods for detecting water hazards in tunnels include:

[0099] Step S101: Obtain the geological parameters of the tunnel to be excavated, and determine the borehole information of the tunnel to be excavated based on the geological parameters. The borehole information includes the location of the borehole, and the geological parameters include the rock strata type.

[0100] Specifically, geological parameters include: stratigraphic lithology (such as sandstone, mudstone, and limestone), aquifer distribution range, thickness, burial depth, water pressure information, location of structural fault zones, and historical water inrush records. Based on the above geological parameters, and in conjunction with the requirements of tunnel design elevation and excavation direction, a set of directional boreholes is designed and laid out along the tunnel excavation direction. The borehole information includes borehole opening coordinates, borehole dip angle, azimuth angle, and target depth, ensuring that the borehole trajectory covers the roof aquifer and structural fracture zone within a range of 30-80m directly above the tunnel.

[0101] Step S102: During the drilling process of the above-mentioned borehole, the drilling engineering parameters and the drill bit status are obtained. When the drill bit status indicates that drilling is in progress, the first electromagnetic wave detector of the first frequency is used to obtain the first detection data. The drilling engineering parameters include the drill bit pressure, and the first detection data includes electromagnetic wave reflection data.

[0102] Specifically, during drilling operations, a non-hydrodynamic directional drilling system (such as a downhole mud-free drilling rig) can be used. A drilling-while-drilling (WDD) parameter measuring instrument and a first electromagnetic wave detector are fixedly installed at the rear end of the drill bit. The WDD parameter measuring instrument collects key engineering parameters in real time during the drilling process, including bit pressure (WOB), bit rotation speed (RPM), drilling speed (ROP), borehole inclination angle, azimuth angle, and tool face angle (TF). When the analysis of these parameters determines that the drill bit is in a continuous drilling state, the first frequency electromagnetic wave detector is automatically triggered to start detection. This first electromagnetic wave detector is a high-frequency narrowband pulse transmitter and receiver device, with its transmitting and receiving antennas integrated within the drill collar. The detection direction is perpendicular to the borehole axis, forming a circumferential scanning beam. During drilling, the high-frequency electromagnetic waves penetrate the surrounding rock mass and receive its reflected echoes, obtaining a series of time-domain electromagnetic wave reflection signals that vary with depth, i.e., the first detection data.

[0103] Step S103: When the drill bit status indicates that drilling is paused, a second electromagnetic wave detector with a second frequency is used to acquire second detection data, wherein the first frequency is greater than the second frequency.

[0104] Specifically, when drilling needs to be paused due to adding drill rods, equipment adjustments, or encountering hard rock, the drilling parameters measurement instrument detects a sudden drop in bit pressure (WOB) to near zero, a zeroing of the drilling speed (ROP), and drastic fluctuations in bit rotation speed (RPM) or the appearance of periodic intermittent pulses. The system determines the drill bit status as "drilling paused." In this state, the first high-frequency electromagnetic wave detector is automatically shut down, and the second frequency electromagnetic wave detector is activated. This second electromagnetic wave detector is a low-frequency broadband electromagnetic transmitter and receiver device with strong penetration capability and large detection depth, suitable for detecting large-scale water-bearing bodies or low-resistivity anomalies. In the paused drilling state, the instrument emits low-frequency electromagnetic pulses into the roof strata, collecting resistivity response data throughout the entire detection volume, forming a radial resistivity profile centered on the borehole (i.e., the second detection data). Because low-frequency electromagnetic waves have high sensitivity to water-bearing media (such as water-rich sandstone and fault gouge), the amplitude attenuation and phase shift of their reflected signals can reflect the spatial distribution, water abundance, and conductivity of the water-bearing body.

[0105] Step S104: Determine whether there is a water hazard area in the tunnel to be excavated based on the first detection data, the second detection data, and the drilling engineering parameters.

[0106] Optionally, the aforementioned drilling parameters also include drill bit rotation speed, drilling speed, and drill bit tool face angle. Obtaining the drilling parameters and drill bit status includes: determining that the first product is the product of a first preset weight and the drill bit pressure variation coefficient, where the drill bit pressure variation coefficient characterizes the degree of fluctuation of the drill bit pressure during drilling; determining that the second product is the product of a second preset weight and the drill bit rotation speed variation coefficient, where the drill bit rotation speed variation coefficient characterizes the degree of fluctuation of the drill bit rotation speed during drilling; determining that the third product is the product of a third preset weight and the drilling speed variation coefficient, where the drilling speed variation coefficient characterizes the degree of fluctuation of the drilling speed during drilling; and determining that the fourth product is a fourth preset weight. The product of the weight and the tool face angle change rate, the sum of the first preset weight, the second preset weight, the third preset weight and the fourth preset weight is a preset constant, the tool face angle change rate represents the rate of change of the drill bit tool face angle during drilling; the first sum is determined to be the sum of the first product and the second product; the second sum is determined to be the sum of the first sum and the third product; the third sum is determined to be the sum of the second sum and the fourth product; if the third sum is greater than a preset threshold, the drill bit state is determined to be in a drilling state; if the third sum is less than or equal to the preset threshold, the drill bit state is determined to be in a paused state.

[0107] Optionally, before determining that the first product is the product of the first preset weight and the drill bit pressure variation coefficient, the method further includes: calculating the first standard deviation of the drill bit pressure within a preset sliding window, and calculating the first average value of the drill bit pressure within the preset sliding window; calculating the second standard deviation of the drill bit rotation speed within the preset sliding window, and calculating the second average value of the drill bit rotation speed within the preset sliding window; calculating the third standard deviation of the drilling speed within the preset sliding window, and calculating the third average value of the drilling speed within the preset sliding window; determining that the drill bit pressure variation coefficient is the quotient of the first standard deviation and the first average value; determining that the drill bit rotation speed variation coefficient is the quotient of the second standard deviation and the second average value; and determining that the drilling speed variation coefficient is the quotient of the third standard deviation and the third average value.

[0108] Optionally, determining whether a water-hazard area exists in the roadway to be excavated based on the first detection data, the second detection data, and the drilling engineering parameters includes: determining the three-dimensional trajectory coordinates of the borehole based on the drilling engineering parameters, wherein the three-dimensional trajectory coordinates characterize the three-dimensional spatial morphology of the borehole; determining the resistivity distribution information of the borehole based on the three-dimensional trajectory coordinates and the second detection data, wherein the resistivity distribution information characterizes the resistivity distribution around the borehole; generating a detection image based on the first detection data, wherein the detection image characterizes the spatial characteristics of the first detection data; determining whether a water-bearing body exists around the borehole based on the resistivity distribution information, and determining whether a water-conducting channel exists around the borehole based on the detection image; if a water-bearing body and / or a water-conducting channel exist around the borehole, determining that a water-hazard area exists in the roadway to be excavated; if no water-bearing body and / or a water-conducting channel exist around the borehole, determining that no water-hazard area exists in the roadway to be excavated.

[0109] Optionally, the resistivity distribution information includes multiple coordinate points and corresponding resistivity. Determining whether there is a water-bearing body around the borehole based on the resistivity distribution information includes: calculating the resistivity gradient of each of the multiple coordinate points and corresponding resistivity, where the resistivity gradient characterizes the change of the resistivity in a preset spatial coordinate system; calculating the first modulus of each resistivity gradient; determining that there is a water-bearing body around the borehole if one of the multiple first modulus values ​​is greater than the preset modulus value; and determining that there is no water-bearing body around the borehole if all of the multiple first modulus values ​​are less than or equal to the preset modulus value.

[0110] Optionally, if a second modulus value greater than a preset modulus value is found among the plurality of first modulus values, after determining that a water-bearing body exists around the borehole, the method further includes: obtaining the second modulus value greater than the preset modulus value among the plurality of first modulus values, and determining the coordinate point corresponding to the second modulus value; determining the boundary information of the water-bearing body based on the coordinate point, and generating alarm information including the boundary information to indicate that a water-bearing body exists around the borehole.

[0111] Optionally, determining whether a water-conducting channel exists around the borehole based on the aforementioned detection image includes: preprocessing the detection image to enhance target features, obtaining a preprocessed detection image, wherein the preprocessing includes Radon transform processing, and the target features include the features of the water-conducting channel and the water-bearing body; calculating the signal curvature field of the preprocessed detection image, wherein the signal curvature field includes each pixel of the preprocessed detection image and its corresponding curvature; determining multiple pixels in the signal curvature field whose curvature is greater than a preset curvature as feature pixels; and determining whether a water-conducting channel exists around the borehole based on the multiple feature pixels.

[0112] This invention provides a water hazard detection system for roadways, including one or more processors, a memory, and a program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the program, it performs at least the following steps:

[0113] Step S101: Obtain the geological parameters of the tunnel to be excavated, and determine the borehole information of the tunnel to be excavated based on the geological parameters. The borehole information includes the location of the borehole, and the geological parameters include the rock strata type.

[0114] Specifically, geological parameters include: stratigraphic lithology (such as sandstone, mudstone, and limestone), aquifer distribution range, thickness, burial depth, water pressure information, location of structural fault zones, and historical water inrush records. Based on the above geological parameters, and in conjunction with the requirements of tunnel design elevation and excavation direction, a set of directional boreholes is designed and laid out along the tunnel excavation direction. The borehole information includes borehole opening coordinates, borehole dip angle, azimuth angle, and target depth, ensuring that the borehole trajectory covers the roof aquifer and structural fracture zone within a range of 30-80m directly above the tunnel.

[0115] Step S102: During the drilling process of the above-mentioned borehole, the drilling engineering parameters and the drill bit status are obtained. When the drill bit status indicates that drilling is in progress, the first electromagnetic wave detector of the first frequency is used to obtain the first detection data. The drilling engineering parameters include the drill bit pressure, and the first detection data includes electromagnetic wave reflection data.

[0116] Specifically, during drilling operations, a non-hydrodynamic directional drilling system (such as a downhole mud-free drilling rig) can be used. A drilling-while-drilling (WDD) parameter measuring instrument and a first electromagnetic wave detector are fixedly installed at the rear end of the drill bit. The WDD parameter measuring instrument collects key engineering parameters in real time during the drilling process, including bit pressure (WOB), bit rotation speed (RPM), drilling speed (ROP), borehole inclination angle, azimuth angle, and tool face angle (TF). When the analysis of these parameters determines that the drill bit is in a continuous drilling state, the first frequency electromagnetic wave detector is automatically triggered to start detection. This first electromagnetic wave detector is a high-frequency narrowband pulse transmitter and receiver device, with its transmitting and receiving antennas integrated within the drill collar. The detection direction is perpendicular to the borehole axis, forming a circumferential scanning beam. During drilling, the high-frequency electromagnetic waves penetrate the surrounding rock mass and receive its reflected echoes, obtaining a series of time-domain electromagnetic wave reflection signals that vary with depth, i.e., the first detection data.

[0117] Step S103: When the drill bit status indicates that drilling is paused, a second electromagnetic wave detector with a second frequency is used to acquire second detection data, wherein the first frequency is greater than the second frequency.

[0118] Specifically, when drilling needs to be paused due to adding drill rods, equipment adjustments, or encountering hard rock, the drilling parameters measurement instrument detects a sudden drop in bit pressure (WOB) to near zero, a zeroing of the drilling speed (ROP), and drastic fluctuations in bit rotation speed (RPM) or the appearance of periodic intermittent pulses. The system determines the drill bit status as "drilling paused." In this state, the first high-frequency electromagnetic wave detector is automatically shut down, and the second frequency electromagnetic wave detector is activated. This second electromagnetic wave detector is a low-frequency broadband electromagnetic transmitter and receiver device with strong penetration capability and large detection depth, suitable for detecting large-scale water-bearing bodies or low-resistivity anomalies. In the paused drilling state, the instrument emits low-frequency electromagnetic pulses into the roof strata, collecting resistivity response data throughout the entire detection volume, forming a radial resistivity profile centered on the borehole (i.e., the second detection data). Because low-frequency electromagnetic waves have high sensitivity to water-bearing media (such as water-rich sandstone and fault gouge), the amplitude attenuation and phase shift of their reflected signals can reflect the spatial distribution, water abundance, and conductivity of the water-bearing body.

[0119] Step S104: Determine whether there is a water hazard area in the tunnel to be excavated based on the first detection data, the second detection data, and the drilling engineering parameters.

[0120] The devices mentioned in this article can be servers, PCs, tablets, mobile phones, etc.

[0121] Optionally, the aforementioned drilling parameters also include drill bit rotation speed, drilling speed, and drill bit tool face angle. Obtaining the drilling parameters and drill bit status includes: determining that the first product is the product of a first preset weight and the drill bit pressure variation coefficient, where the drill bit pressure variation coefficient characterizes the degree of fluctuation of the drill bit pressure during drilling; determining that the second product is the product of a second preset weight and the drill bit rotation speed variation coefficient, where the drill bit rotation speed variation coefficient characterizes the degree of fluctuation of the drill bit rotation speed during drilling; determining that the third product is the product of a third preset weight and the drilling speed variation coefficient, where the drilling speed variation coefficient characterizes the degree of fluctuation of the drilling speed during drilling; and determining that the fourth product is a fourth preset weight. The product of the weight and the tool face angle change rate, the sum of the first preset weight, the second preset weight, the third preset weight and the fourth preset weight is a preset constant, the tool face angle change rate represents the rate of change of the drill bit tool face angle during drilling; the first sum is determined to be the sum of the first product and the second product; the second sum is determined to be the sum of the first sum and the third product; the third sum is determined to be the sum of the second sum and the fourth product; if the third sum is greater than a preset threshold, the drill bit state is determined to be in a drilling state; if the third sum is less than or equal to the preset threshold, the drill bit state is determined to be in a paused state.

[0122] Optionally, before determining that the first product is the product of the first preset weight and the drill bit pressure variation coefficient, the method further includes: calculating the first standard deviation of the drill bit pressure within a preset sliding window, and calculating the first average value of the drill bit pressure within the preset sliding window; calculating the second standard deviation of the drill bit rotation speed within the preset sliding window, and calculating the second average value of the drill bit rotation speed within the preset sliding window; calculating the third standard deviation of the drilling speed within the preset sliding window, and calculating the third average value of the drilling speed within the preset sliding window; determining that the drill bit pressure variation coefficient is the quotient of the first standard deviation and the first average value; determining that the drill bit rotation speed variation coefficient is the quotient of the second standard deviation and the second average value; and determining that the drilling speed variation coefficient is the quotient of the third standard deviation and the third average value.

[0123] Optionally, determining whether a water-hazard area exists in the roadway to be excavated based on the first detection data, the second detection data, and the drilling engineering parameters includes: determining the three-dimensional trajectory coordinates of the borehole based on the drilling engineering parameters, wherein the three-dimensional trajectory coordinates characterize the three-dimensional spatial morphology of the borehole; determining the resistivity distribution information of the borehole based on the three-dimensional trajectory coordinates and the second detection data, wherein the resistivity distribution information characterizes the resistivity distribution around the borehole; generating a detection image based on the first detection data, wherein the detection image characterizes the spatial characteristics of the first detection data; determining whether a water-bearing body exists around the borehole based on the resistivity distribution information, and determining whether a water-conducting channel exists around the borehole based on the detection image; if a water-bearing body and / or a water-conducting channel exist around the borehole, determining that a water-hazard area exists in the roadway to be excavated; if no water-bearing body and / or a water-conducting channel exist around the borehole, determining that no water-hazard area exists in the roadway to be excavated.

[0124] Optionally, the resistivity distribution information includes multiple coordinate points and corresponding resistivity. Determining whether there is a water-bearing body around the borehole based on the resistivity distribution information includes: calculating the resistivity gradient of each of the multiple coordinate points and corresponding resistivity, where the resistivity gradient characterizes the change of the resistivity in a preset spatial coordinate system; calculating the first modulus of each resistivity gradient; determining that there is a water-bearing body around the borehole if one of the multiple first modulus values ​​is greater than the preset modulus value; and determining that there is no water-bearing body around the borehole if all of the multiple first modulus values ​​are less than or equal to the preset modulus value.

[0125] Optionally, if a second modulus value greater than a preset modulus value is found among the plurality of first modulus values, after determining that a water-bearing body exists around the borehole, the method further includes: obtaining the second modulus value greater than the preset modulus value among the plurality of first modulus values, and determining the coordinate point corresponding to the second modulus value; determining the boundary information of the water-bearing body based on the coordinate point, and generating alarm information including the boundary information to indicate that a water-bearing body exists around the borehole.

[0126] Optionally, determining whether a water-conducting channel exists around the borehole based on the aforementioned detection image includes: preprocessing the detection image to enhance target features, obtaining a preprocessed detection image, wherein the preprocessing includes Radon transform processing, and the target features include the features of the water-conducting channel and the water-bearing body; calculating the signal curvature field of the preprocessed detection image, wherein the signal curvature field includes each pixel of the preprocessed detection image and its corresponding curvature; determining multiple pixels in the signal curvature field whose curvature is greater than a preset curvature as feature pixels; and determining whether a water-conducting channel exists around the borehole based on the multiple feature pixels.

[0127] It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the modules or steps of the present invention described above can be implemented using general-purpose computing devices. They can be centralized on a single computing device or distributed across a network of multiple computing devices. They can be implemented using computer-executable program code, and thus can be stored in a storage device for execution by a computing device. In some cases, the steps shown or described can be performed in a different order than those described herein, or they can be fabricated as separate integrated circuit modules, or multiple modules or steps can be fabricated as a single integrated circuit module. Thus, the present invention is not limited to any particular combination of hardware and software.

[0128] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of this application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, this application can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, this application can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0129] This application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of this application. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart... Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0130] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0131] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0132] In a typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPU), input / output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.

[0133] Memory may include non-persistent memory in computer-readable media, such as random access memory (RAM) and / or non-volatile memory, such as read-only memory (ROM) or flash RAM. Memory is an example of computer-readable media.

[0134] Computer-readable media includes both permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media that can store information by any method or technology. Information can be computer-readable instructions, data structures, modules of programs, or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase-change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technologies, CD-ROM, digital versatile optical disc (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transferable medium that can be used to store information accessible by a computing device. As defined herein, computer-readable media does not include transient computer-readable media, such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.

[0135] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0136] It should also be noted that the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0137] As can be seen from the above description, the embodiments of this application achieve the following technical effects:

[0138] The water hazard detection method for tunnels disclosed in this application, through the combined use of first-frequency and second-frequency electromagnetic wave detectors, simultaneously acquires electromagnetic wave data during drilling. Combined with drilling engineering parameters such as drill bit pressure and rotation speed, it can quickly identify potential water hazard areas such as groundwater bodies and water diversion channels, enabling more accurate assessment of water hazard risks and reducing the traditional need for drilling verification after geophysical exploration. This avoids redundant drilling operations, thereby improving the overall efficiency of tunnel excavation.

[0139] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for detecting water hazards in roadways, characterized in that, include: Obtain the geological parameters of the tunnel to be excavated, and determine the borehole information of the tunnel to be excavated based on the geological parameters. The borehole information includes the location of the borehole, and the geological parameters include the rock strata type. During the drilling process, drilling engineering parameters and drill bit status are acquired. When the drill bit status indicates that drilling is in progress, a first electromagnetic wave detector of a first frequency is used to acquire first detection data. The drilling engineering parameters include drill bit pressure, and the first detection data includes electromagnetic wave reflection data. When the drill bit status indicates that drilling has been paused, a second electromagnetic wave detector at a second frequency is used to acquire second detection data, wherein the first frequency is greater than the second frequency. The presence of water-damaged areas in the tunnel to be excavated is determined based on the first detection data, the second detection data, and the drilling engineering parameters.

2. The water hazard detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drilling parameters also include drill bit rotation speed, drilling speed, and drill bit tool face angle. Obtaining these drilling parameters and drill bit status includes: The first product is determined to be the product of a first preset weight and the drill bit pressure variation coefficient, wherein the drill bit pressure variation coefficient characterizes the degree of fluctuation of the drill bit pressure during the drilling process; The second product is determined to be the product of the second preset weight and the drill bit speed variation coefficient, wherein the drill bit speed variation coefficient characterizes the degree of fluctuation of the drill bit speed during the drilling process; The third product is determined to be the product of the third preset weight and the drilling speed variation coefficient, wherein the drilling speed variation coefficient characterizes the degree of fluctuation of the drilling speed during the drilling process. The fourth product is determined to be the product of the fourth preset weight and the tool face angle change rate. The sum of the first preset weight, the second preset weight, the third preset weight, and the fourth preset weight is a preset constant. The tool face angle change rate characterizes the rate of change of the drill bit tool face angle during the drilling process. The first sum is determined to be the sum of the first product and the second product; The second sum is determined to be the sum of the first sum and the third product; The third sum is determined to be the sum of the second sum and the fourth product; If the third sum is greater than a preset threshold, the drill bit is determined to be in a drilling state. If the third sum is less than or equal to the preset threshold, the drill bit is determined to be in a paused state.

3. The water hazard detection method according to claim 2, characterized in that, Before determining that the first product is the product of the first preset weight and the drill bit pressure variation coefficient, the method further includes: Calculate the first standard deviation of the drill bit pressure within a preset sliding window, and calculate the first average value of the drill bit pressure within the preset sliding window; Calculate the second standard deviation of the drill bit rotation speed within the preset sliding window, and calculate the second average value of the drill bit rotation speed within the preset sliding window; Calculate the third standard deviation of the drilling speed within the preset sliding window, and calculate the third average value of the drilling speed within the preset sliding window; The coefficient of variation of the drill bit pressure is determined to be the quotient of the first standard deviation and the first average value; The coefficient of variation of the drill bit rotation speed is determined to be the quotient of the second standard deviation and the second average value; The coefficient of variation of the drilling speed is determined to be the quotient of the third standard deviation and the third average value.

4. The water hazard detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Determining whether there is a water hazard area in the tunnel to be excavated based on the first detection data, the second detection data, and the drilling engineering parameters includes: The three-dimensional trajectory coordinates of the borehole are determined based on the drilling engineering parameters, and the three-dimensional trajectory coordinates represent the three-dimensional spatial shape of the borehole. The resistivity distribution information of the borehole is determined based on the three-dimensional trajectory coordinates and the second detection data, and the resistivity distribution information characterizes the resistivity distribution around the borehole; A detection image is generated based on the first detection data, and the detection image represents the spatial characteristics of the first detection data. Based on the resistivity distribution information, determine whether there is a water-bearing body around the borehole, and based on the detection image, determine whether there is a water-conducting channel around the borehole; If the water-bearing body and / or the water-conducting channel exist around the borehole, it is determined that the water-damaged area exists in the tunnel to be excavated; If there is no water-bearing body and / or water-conducting channel around the borehole, it is determined that the tunnel to be excavated is free from the water hazard area.

5. The water hazard detection method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The resistivity distribution information includes multiple coordinate points and corresponding resistivity. Determining whether there is a water-bearing body around the borehole based on the resistivity distribution information includes: The resistivity gradient of each coordinate point is calculated based on the multiple coordinate points and the corresponding resistivity, and the resistivity gradient characterizes the change of resistivity in a preset spatial coordinate system. Calculate the first magnitude of each of the resistivity gradients; If a second modulus value, which is greater than a preset modulus value, is found to be present around the borehole; If multiple first modulus values ​​are all less than or equal to the preset modulus value, it is determined that there is no water-bearing body around the borehole.

6. The water hazard detection method according to claim 5, characterized in that, In the case where a second modulus value greater than a preset modulus value exists among multiple first modulus values, after determining that the aquifer exists around the borehole, the method further includes: Obtain the second modulus value that is greater than the preset modulus value from among multiple first modulus values, and determine the coordinate point corresponding to the second modulus value; The boundary information of the aquifer is determined based on the coordinate points, and an alarm message including the boundary information is generated to indicate the presence of the aquifer around the borehole.

7. The water hazard detection method according to claim 4, characterized in that, Determining whether a water-conducting channel exists around the borehole based on the detected images includes: The detection image is preprocessed to enhance the target features, resulting in a preprocessed detection image. The preprocessing includes Radon transform processing, and the target features include the features of the water-conducting channel and the water-bearing body. Calculate the signal curvature field of the preprocessed detection image, wherein the signal curvature field includes each pixel of the preprocessed detection image and its corresponding curvature; Multiple pixels in the signal curvature field whose curvature is greater than a preset curvature are identified as feature pixels; The presence of the water channel around the borehole is determined based on multiple of the aforementioned feature pixels.

8. A water hazard detection device for roadways, characterized in that, include: The first acquisition unit is used to acquire the geological parameters of the tunnel to be excavated, and to determine the borehole information of the tunnel to be excavated based on the geological parameters. The borehole information includes the location of the borehole, and the geological parameters include the rock strata type. The second acquisition unit is used to acquire drilling engineering parameters and drill bit status during the drilling process of the borehole. When the drill bit status indicates that drilling is in progress, the unit uses a first electromagnetic wave detector of a first frequency to acquire first detection data. The drilling engineering parameters include drill bit pressure, and the first detection data includes electromagnetic wave reflection data. The third acquisition unit is used to acquire second detection data using a second electromagnetic wave detector at a second frequency when the drill bit status indicates that drilling has been suspended, wherein the first frequency is greater than the second frequency. The determining unit is used to determine whether there is a water hazard area in the tunnel to be excavated based on the first detection data, the second detection data and the drilling engineering parameters.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium includes a stored program, wherein, when the program is executed, it controls the device on which the computer-readable storage medium is located to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A water hazard detection system for roadways, characterized in that, include: One or more processors, a memory, and one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the one or more processors, the one or more programs comprising methods for performing any one of claims 1 to 7.

Images