Microwave-assisted combustion device and combustion equipment

Abstract

This invention discloses a microwave-assisted combustion device and equipment, relating to the fields of combustion equipment and energy-saving and environmental protection technology. The microwave-assisted combustion device includes an electromagnetic wave generating module, a secondary air supply system, and an intelligent control system. The electromagnetic wave generating module is connected to the furnace via a waveguide detachably fixed to the furnace sidewall at one end and generates microwaves. The output end of the secondary air supply system is connected to the waveguide and delivers secondary air to the furnace via the waveguide. The intelligent control system is communicatively connected to both the electromagnetic wave generating module and the secondary air supply system, and can also communicate with the furnace's control system. The combustion equipment includes the above-described microwave-assisted combustion device. This reduces modification costs, improves combustion efficiency, and enhances adaptability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of combustion equipment and energy-saving and environmental protection technology, and in particular to a microwave-assisted combustion device and combustion equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, small and medium-sized combustion devices (such as small boilers and heating stoves) generally suffer from incomplete combustion, with combustion efficiencies typically around 35%, far lower than the 85% or more of large equipment, resulting in serious energy waste. Furthermore, incomplete combustion produces large amounts of harmful exhaust gases such as carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx), hydrocarbons (HC), and particulate matter (PM), posing threats to health and the environment. Existing improvement solutions, such as optimizing the combustion chamber structure, often require redesigning molds and production lines, which is costly and difficult. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a microwave-assisted combustion device and combustion equipment to solve the problems existing in the prior art, reduce the modification cost, improve combustion efficiency, and enhance adaptability.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: This invention provides a microwave-assisted combustion device, comprising: an electromagnetic wave generating module, which is connected to the furnace via a waveguide and is used to generate microwaves; one end of the waveguide is detachably fixed to the side wall of the furnace; a secondary air supply system, the output end of which is connected to the waveguide and is used to supply secondary air into the furnace via the waveguide; and an intelligent control system, which is communicatively connected to both the electromagnetic wave generating module and the secondary air supply system, and is also used to communicate with the control system of the furnace.

[0005] Preferably, the electromagnetic wave generating module includes a connected microwave generator and a high-frequency power supply.

[0006] Preferably, one end of the waveguide is sleeved on the connecting conduit on the side wall of the furnace and fixedly connected by a flange or clamp.

[0007] Preferably, the intelligent control system includes a temperature sensor and an exhaust gas monitoring sensor; the temperature sensor is used to monitor the furnace temperature; and the exhaust gas monitoring sensor is used to monitor the CO concentration in the furnace exhaust pipe.

[0008] The present invention also provides a combustion device, including a furnace body and a microwave-assisted combustion device as described in any of the preceding claims; the furnace body has a furnace chamber, the bottom of which is connected to a primary air supply system, and a heat exchanger is provided at the top of the furnace chamber, the heat exchanger having a water inlet and a water outlet; the furnace chamber has a flue gas outlet connected to a flue gas pipe; the microwave-assisted combustion device is detachably fixed to the side wall of the furnace chamber, and the connection point between the waveguide of the microwave-assisted combustion device and the furnace chamber is lower than the flue gas outlet, and the flue gas outlet is lower than the inner top of the furnace chamber.

[0009] The present invention achieves the following technical effects compared to the prior art: The microwave-assisted combustion device provided by this invention uses microwaves generated by an electromagnetic wave generator module, which are directly coupled into the furnace via a waveguide. Utilizing the bulk heating effect of microwaves and the chemical activation effect of plasma, the device activates fuel and combustion intermediates at the molecular level without altering the original furnace structure, reducing the activation energy of the combustion reaction and enhancing the combustion reaction rate. This allows fuels that are originally difficult to burn completely to be fully oxidized, thereby significantly improving the combustion efficiency of small and medium-sized combustion devices and compensating for their significantly lower efficiency compared to large-scale equipment. The secondary air supply system cleverly injects combustion air into the waveguide, pre-activating the air in the microwave field before coaxially delivering it into the furnace with the microwave beam. The combined injection method of "microwave and oxygen enrichment" greatly improves the turbulent mixing effect in the furnace, suppressing the generation of carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx) and particulate matter (PM) at the source. Finally, the intelligent control system communicates with the furnace control system to sense the combustion conditions in real time and dynamically adjust the output power of the electromagnetic wave generation module and the air volume of the secondary air supply system to ensure that the device can adapt to the combustion requirements under different loads. Moreover, one end of the waveguide can be detachably fixed to the side wall of the furnace, which can be added and upgraded without large-scale redesign and modification of the existing furnace main structure, mold and production line, significantly reducing the improvement cost and implementation difficulty.

[0010] This invention also provides a combustion device that ensures initial fuel fluidization and basic combustion through a primary air supply system at the bottom of the furnace, while a detachable microwave-assisted combustion device on the side wall precisely injects activated secondary air into the core combustion zone (the connection point is lower than the exhaust port). This utilizes the microwave plasma effect to deeply decompose unburned hydrocarbons and suppress CO generation, effectively solving the problem of incomplete combustion in small and medium-sized equipment. At the same time, the exhaust port is located between the microwave injection point and the furnace top and is lower than the inner top, which not only prolongs the residence time of high-temperature flue gas in the furnace to ensure complete combustion, but also guides the high-temperature flue gas to flow through the top heat exchanger for sufficient heat exchange before being discharged, maximizing the recovery of waste heat for heating water. Attached Figure Description

[0011] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the combustion device provided by the present invention.

[0013] In the diagram: 1-furnace; 2-primary air supply system; 3-exhaust pipe; 4-heat exchanger; 41-water inlet; 42-water outlet; 5-secondary air supply system; 6-microwave generator; 7-high frequency power supply; 8-waveguide. Detailed Implementation

[0014] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0015] The purpose of this invention is to provide a microwave-assisted combustion device and combustion equipment to solve the problems existing in the prior art, reduce the modification cost, improve combustion efficiency, and enhance adaptability.

[0016] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0017] Example 1 This embodiment provides a microwave-assisted combustion device, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes: An electromagnetic wave generating module is connected to the furnace chamber 1 via a waveguide 8, and the electromagnetic wave generating module is used to generate microwaves; one end of the waveguide 8 can be detachably fixed to the side wall of the furnace chamber 1. The secondary air supply system 5 has its output end connected to the waveguide 8 and is used to supply secondary air into the furnace 1 through the waveguide 8. The intelligent control system is communicatively connected to the electromagnetic wave generating module and the secondary air supply system 5, and is also used to communicate with the control system of the furnace 1.

[0018] Microwaves generated by the electromagnetic wave generator module are directly coupled into the furnace 1 via waveguide 8. Utilizing the bulk heating effect of microwaves and the chemical activation effect of plasma, the fuel and combustion intermediates are activated at the molecular level without altering the original structure of the furnace 1. This reduces the activation energy of the combustion reaction, enhances the combustion reaction rate, and allows fuels that are originally difficult to burn completely to be fully oxidized, thereby significantly improving the combustion efficiency of small and medium-sized combustion devices and compensating for their significantly lower efficiency compared to large equipment. The secondary air supply system 5 cleverly injects combustion air into the waveguide 8, allowing the air to be pre-activated in the microwave field and then coaxially delivered into the furnace 1 with the microwave beam. This "microwave and oxygen enrichment" process... The composite injection method greatly improves the turbulent mixing effect in the furnace, suppressing the generation of carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and particulate matter (PM) at the source. Finally, the intelligent control system communicates with the control system of furnace 1 to sense the combustion conditions in real time and dynamically adjust the output power of the electromagnetic wave generation module and the air volume of the secondary air supply system 5 to ensure that the device can adapt to the combustion requirements under different loads. Moreover, one end of the waveguide 8 can be detachably fixed to the side wall of furnace 1, so that it can be added and upgraded without large-scale redesign and modification of the existing main structure, mold, and production line of furnace 1, which significantly reduces the improvement cost and implementation difficulty.

[0019] Specifically, the Lorentz force generated by the alternating electric field drives the ions to form a vortex mixture with the unionized gas, shortening the diffusion distance between the fuel and the oxidant.

[0020] Among the optional solutions in this embodiment, the more preferred one is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the electromagnetic wave generating module includes a connected microwave generator 6 and a high-frequency power supply 7.

[0021] Among the optional solutions in this embodiment, the more preferred one is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, one end of waveguide 8 is fitted onto the connecting conduit on the side wall of furnace 1 and is fixedly connected by a flange or clamp.

[0022] In the optional embodiments of this example, a preferred embodiment includes a temperature sensor and an exhaust gas monitoring sensor; the temperature sensor monitors the temperature of the furnace 1; and the exhaust gas monitoring sensor monitors the CO concentration in the flue gas pipe 3 of the furnace 1. The intelligent control system enables dynamic matching of combustion conditions, avoiding combustion instability caused by fluctuations in fuel quality or changes in load.

[0023] Specifically, one end of waveguide 8 can be detachably fixed to the side wall of furnace 1, without requiring large-scale redesign and modification of the existing main structure, molds, and production line of furnace 1. The modification only requires opening a section in the side wall of the combustion chamber. With 50-80mm mounting holes, the construction period is shortened to 1-2 days, and the cost is only 1 / 3 of the traditional renovation solution, which can realize the addition and upgrade, significantly reducing the improvement cost and implementation difficulty.

[0024] Example 2 This embodiment provides a combustion device, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the furnace includes a furnace body and a microwave-assisted combustion device as described in Embodiment 1. The furnace body has a furnace chamber 1, the bottom of which is connected to a primary air supply system 2, and a heat exchanger 4 is provided on the top of the furnace chamber 1. The heat exchanger 4 is provided with a water inlet 41 and a water outlet 42. The furnace chamber 1 is provided with a flue gas outlet, which is connected to a flue gas pipe 3. The microwave-assisted combustion device is detachably fixed to the side wall of the furnace chamber 1, and the connection between the waveguide 8 of the microwave-assisted combustion device and the furnace chamber 1 is lower than the flue gas outlet, and the flue gas outlet is lower than the inner top of the furnace chamber 1.

[0025] The primary air supply system 2 at the bottom of the furnace 1 ensures initial fuel fluidization and basic combustion, while the detachable microwave-assisted combustion device on the side wall precisely injects activated secondary air into the core combustion zone (the connection point is lower than the exhaust port). The microwave plasma effect is used to deeply crack unburned hydrocarbons and suppress CO generation, effectively solving the problem of incomplete combustion in small and medium-sized equipment. At the same time, the exhaust port is located between the microwave injection point and the furnace top and is lower than the inner top, which not only prolongs the residence time of high-temperature flue gas in the furnace 1 to ensure complete combustion, but also guides the high-temperature flue gas to flow through the top heat exchanger 4 for sufficient heat exchange before being discharged, maximizing the recovery of waste heat for heating water.

[0026] Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of this invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

Claims

1. A microwave-assisted combustion device, characterized in that: include: An electromagnetic wave generating module is connected to the furnace chamber via a waveguide and is used to generate microwaves; one end of the waveguide can be detachably fixed to the side wall of the furnace chamber. The secondary air supply system has its output end connected to the waveguide and is used to supply secondary air into the furnace through the waveguide; The intelligent control system is communicatively connected to the electromagnetic wave generating module and the secondary air supply system, and is also used to communicate with the furnace control system.

2. The microwave-assisted combustion device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electromagnetic wave generating module includes a connected microwave generator and a high-frequency power supply.

3. The microwave-assisted combustion device according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the waveguide is fitted onto the connecting conduit on the side wall of the furnace and fixedly connected by a flange or clamp.

4. The microwave-assisted combustion device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent control system includes a temperature sensor and an exhaust gas monitoring sensor; the temperature sensor is used to monitor the furnace temperature; and the exhaust gas monitoring sensor is used to monitor the CO concentration in the furnace exhaust pipe.

5. A combustion device, characterized in that: Includes a furnace body and a microwave-assisted combustion device as described in any one of claims 1 to 4; The furnace body has a furnace chamber, the bottom of which is connected to a primary air supply system, and a heat exchanger is provided on the top of the furnace chamber, with a water inlet and an outlet on the heat exchanger; the furnace chamber has a flue gas outlet, which is connected to a flue gas pipe; the microwave-assisted combustion device is detachably fixed to the side wall of the furnace chamber, and the connection between the waveguide of the microwave-assisted combustion device and the furnace chamber is lower than the flue gas outlet, and the flue gas outlet is lower than the inner top of the furnace chamber.

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