A waste incineration and sludge collaborative treatment system

Abstract

The present application relates to solid waste treatment technical field, disclose a kind of garbage incineration and sludge collaborative treatment system, including incineration heat energy generation module, sludge hydration modification and injection module, cascade waste heat recovery module and collaborative calorific value balance control module.Gradient waste heat recovery module utilizes the high-temperature flue gas generated by incineration, sequentially carries out cascade heating to the flowing sludge slurry in conveying pipe, static sludge in mixing tank and combustion air, reduces sludge viscosity and recovers heat energy.Collaborative calorific value balance control module monitors furnace temperature, when temperature exceeds preset threshold, start single screw pump and inject hydration sludge to carry out heat absorption cooling, and simultaneously improve garbage conveying belt operating speed.The present application realizes the dynamic balance of system calorific value by actively adjusting sludge injection amount and garbage feed amount, solves the problem of incineration line production reduction caused by high-calorific-value garbage, improves the garbage and sludge collaborative treatment capacity and energy utilization efficiency of system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of solid waste treatment technology, and in particular to a waste incineration and sludge co-treatment system. Background Technology

[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization, the amount of municipal solid waste and sewage sludge generated is increasing daily. Waste-to-energy incineration, as a primary means of achieving solid waste reduction, harmlessness, and resource recovery, faces the challenge of significant fluctuations in the calorific value of waste. Due to the complex composition of the waste fed into the furnace and its significant seasonal variations, the calorific value generated by combustion is often unstable. When the calorific value of the waste is too high, the furnace temperature rises rapidly. To protect the furnace structure and prevent coking, it is usually necessary to reduce the waste feeding rate, which directly leads to a decrease in the incineration line's processing capacity, preventing the equipment from operating at full load.

[0003] Meanwhile, municipal sludge, as a byproduct of wastewater treatment, is characterized by high water content, high viscosity, and low calorific value, making its harmless disposal a key focus and challenge in the environmental protection field. Existing sludge-waste co-incineration technologies mostly employ physical mixing of dewatered sludge and waste before feeding into the furnace, or the feeding of semi-dried sludge into the grate through a separate inlet. This passive co-processing model has significant limitations: firstly, high-viscosity sludge is difficult to disperse evenly within the furnace, easily forming localized low-temperature zones or coking, affecting the combustion stability of the incinerator; secondly, the amount of sludge added is usually preset and cannot be flexibly adjusted according to the real-time operating conditions within the incinerator.

[0004] Furthermore, in conventional processes, although the high-temperature flue gas generated during incineration recovers heat energy through a waste heat boiler, there is a lack of targeted designs for utilizing the waste heat of the flue gas to modify and preheat the sludge online, addressing the pain point of difficult sludge transportation. High-viscosity sludge, without preheating to reduce viscosity, is difficult to transport via pipelines and atomize, limiting its potential as a liquid fuel for direct injection into the high-temperature zone of the furnace for rapid drying and incineration. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a waste incineration and sludge co-treatment system, which solves the problems of existing waste incineration systems having limited processing capacity due to the forced reduction of the feeding rate to control furnace temperature when processing high-calorific-value waste, and the difficulty in utilizing flue gas waste heat to achieve low-energy transportation and dynamic co-treatment within the furnace for high-viscosity sludge.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a waste incineration and sludge co-treatment system, comprising:

[0007] The incineration heat energy generation module is used to receive and incinerate solid waste to generate high-temperature flue gas. The incineration heat energy generation module is equipped with a temperature monitoring component for real-time acquisition of furnace temperature data.

[0008] The sludge hydration modification and injection module is used to modify externally input sludge into a hydration slurry and pressurize and inject the hydration slurry into the furnace of the incineration heat energy generation module.

[0009] A cascade waste heat recovery module is connected to the flue gas outlet of the incineration heat energy generation module. It is used to utilize the heat of the high-temperature flue gas to heat the hydrated slurry transported in the sludge hydration modification and injection module and the combustion air entering the incineration heat energy generation module.

[0010] The collaborative calorific value balance control module establishes signal connections with the temperature monitoring component, the incineration heat energy generation module, and the sludge hydration modification and injection module, respectively, to receive the furnace temperature data and adjust the solid waste feeding rate and the hydration slurry injection rate according to the preset temperature threshold.

[0011] Preferably, the sludge hydration modification and spraying module includes:

[0012] The heating pipe is used to transport the hydrated slurry; the cascade waste heat recovery module includes a preheating pipe, which is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the heating pipe, and an annular space is formed between the preheating pipe and the heating pipe to guide the flow of the high-temperature flue gas.

[0013] A spiral baffle is fixedly installed within the annular space. The spiral baffle forces the high-temperature flue gas to flow along a spiral path to heat the hydrated slurry in the heating pipe.

[0014] Preferably, the sludge hydration modification and spraying module further includes;

[0015] Mixing tank used for preparing hydrated slurries;

[0016] The cascade waste heat recovery module also includes a temperature-conducting structure that is attached to the outer wall of the mixing tank. The temperature-conducting structure is used to guide the flue gas flowing out from the preheating pipe to heat the hydrated slurry in the mixing tank.

[0017] Preferably, the collaborative calorific value balance control module is configured to initiate the injection of the hydrated slurry when the received furnace temperature data reaches a first preset threshold.

[0018] Preferably, the collaborative calorific value balance control module is further configured to: after starting the injection of the hydrated slurry, adjust the injection rate of the hydrated slurry through a proportional-integral-derivative control algorithm so that the furnace temperature data is maintained at a target equilibrium temperature.

[0019] Preferably, the collaborative calorific value balance control module is further configured to: after starting the injection of the hydrated slurry, adjust the injection rate of the hydrated slurry through a proportional-integral-derivative control algorithm so that the furnace temperature data is maintained at a target equilibrium temperature.

[0020] A waste incineration and sludge co-treatment device includes:

[0021] A grate furnace, wherein an incinerator is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the grate furnace, a slag discharge box is fixedly connected to one end of the grate furnace, a conveyor box is fixedly connected to one end of the grate furnace, and a conveyor belt is installed inside the conveyor box;

[0022] The spraying mechanism, installed on one side of the incinerator, is used to spray hydrated sludge.

[0023] The spraying mechanism includes a second support frame, a motor fixedly connected to the upper surface of the second support frame, a rotating rod fixedly connected to the output end of the motor, a mixing tank rotatably connected to the outer wall of the rotating rod, a stirring rod fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating rod, and the outer wall of the stirring rod slidably connected to the inner wall of the mixing tank. A discharge pipe is fixedly connected to the inside of the mixing tank, a single screw pump is fixedly connected to one end of the discharge pipe, a heating pipe is fixedly connected to the output end of the single screw pump, a spray pipe is fixedly connected to one end of the heating pipe, the outer wall of the spray pipe is fixedly connected to the inside of the incinerator, a spray head is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the spray pipe, and a mixing tank is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the mixing tank.

[0024] The sludge preheating mechanism is installed on the outer wall of the spraying mechanism and is used to heat the hydrated sludge.

[0025] An air preheating mechanism, installed on the lower surface of the grate furnace, is used to transport preheated air.

[0026] Preferably, the sludge preheating mechanism includes a support frame one, a preheating pipe fixedly connected inside the support frame one, the inner wall of the preheating pipe fixedly connected to the outer wall of the heating pipe, a spiral baffle fixedly connected inside the preheating pipe, the inner wall of the spiral baffle fixedly connected to the outer wall of the heating pipe, a connecting pipe one fixedly connected to one end of the preheating pipe, one end of the connecting pipe one fixedly connected to the outer wall of the incinerator, a connecting pipe two fixedly connected to one end of the preheating pipe, a temperature-conducting pipe fixedly connected to one end of the connecting pipe two, a temperature-conducting plate fixedly connected to the outer wall of the temperature-conducting pipe, the outer wall of the temperature-conducting plate fixedly connected to the outer wall of the mixing tank, a preheating tank fixedly connected to the outer wall of the temperature-conducting plate, and a fixing frame three fixedly connected to the outer wall of the preheating tank.

[0027] Preferably, the air preheating mechanism includes a heating tube, a connecting pipe three is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the heating tube, one end of the connecting pipe three is fixedly connected to one end of the packing port, a gas supply pipe is fixedly connected to the inside of the heating tube, one end of the gas supply pipe is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the grate furnace, the other end of the gas supply pipe is fixedly connected to a connecting box, a fan is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the connecting box, and an exhaust pipe is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the heating tube.

[0028] Preferably, a fixing frame one is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the grate furnace, and a fixing frame two is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the conveyor box.

[0029] In summary, the present invention has at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0030] 1. This invention, by setting up a collaborative calorific value balance control module, can activate the sludge hydration modification and injection module to perform slurry spraying for cooling when the incineration calorific value is too high based on real-time furnace temperature data. Simultaneously, it increases the conveyor belt speed to increase the waste feeding rate. This proactive calorific value balance control transforms the incineration process from passive calorific value fluctuations to a stable collaborative processing process, significantly improving the system's capacity to handle waste and sludge.

[0031] 2. This invention pumps the hydrated sludge from the mixing tank through the discharge pipe by starting a single screw pump, and then transports it to the heating pipe and then to the spray pipe. The hydrated sludge is sprayed out through the spray head. It absorbs the heat generated by the incineration of waste, and part of it is discharged as water vapor after absorbing heat. At the same time, the sludge is treated by the high temperature inside the incinerator.

[0032] 3. The high-temperature flue gas generated by combustion in this invention is transported to the preheating pipe through the first connecting pipe and moves along the spiral baffle. The high-temperature flue gas preheats the interior by contacting the heating pipe. The high-temperature flue gas is then transported to the interior of the temperature-conducting pipe through the second connecting pipe at the bottom of the preheating pipe. The high-temperature flue gas flows in the temperature-conducting pipe and the temperature is conducted to the mixing tank through the temperature-conducting plate fixed on the outer wall of the temperature-conducting pipe, thereby heating the sludge and water in the mixing tank. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the method flow of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cascade waste heat recovery process of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the synergistic calorific value balance control method of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a perspective view of the device of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 This is a side view of the device of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the incinerator of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the preheating pipe of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the preheating tank of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of the mixing tank of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the heating element of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional view of the conveyor box of the present invention.

[0044] Among them, 1. Incinerator; 2. Exhaust grate; 3. Slag discharge box; 4. Sludge preheating mechanism; 401. Connecting pipe one; 402. Preheating pipe; 403. Spiral baffle; 404. Support frame one; 405. Temperature guide pipe; 406. Connecting pipe two; 407. Preheating tank; 408. Temperature guide plate; 5. Spraying mechanism; 501. Spray pipe; 502. Spray head; 503. Heating pipe; 504. Single screw pump; 505. Filling... 506. Feed inlet; 507. Mixing tank; 508. Motor; 509. Support frame two; 5010. Rotating rod; 5011. Stirring rod; 5012. Discharge pipe; 6. Conveying box; 7. Air preheating mechanism; 701. Connecting box; 702. Heating pipe; 703. Air supply pipe; 704. Exhaust pipe; 705. Fan; 706. Connecting pipe three; 8. Fixing frame one; 9. Fixing frame two; 10. Fixing frame three; 11. Conveyor belt. Detailed Implementation

[0045] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1 -Appendix Figure 3 The present invention will be further described in detail below.

[0046] This invention provides a waste incineration and sludge co-treatment system, comprising:

[0047] The incineration heat energy generation module is used to receive and incinerate solid waste, converting the chemical energy of the waste into heat energy and generating high-temperature flue gas. It is equipped with temperature monitoring components to collect temperature data inside the furnace in real time.

[0048] Specifically, in this embodiment, the incineration heat energy generation module converts municipal solid waste into high-temperature heat energy through a combustion process and generates usable high-temperature flue gas.

[0049] The waste conveying section includes a conveyor box 6 and a conveyor belt 11 disposed therein. The conveyor box 6 is typically a funnel-shaped structure, wider at the top and narrower at the bottom, used to receive and collect externally input solid waste and stably guide it to the conveyor belt 11. One specific embodiment of the conveyor belt 11 can be a high-temperature resistant chain conveyor, capable of carrying and continuously feeding waste into the feed inlet of the incinerator 1. The operating speed of the conveyor belt 11 is adjustable.

[0050] The waste incineration and combustion section mainly consists of an incinerator 1 and a grate 2 located at its bottom. The main structure of the incinerator 1 defines a sealed furnace space for waste combustion, with a flue outlet at its upper part for discharging high-temperature flue gas. Inside the furnace of the incinerator 1, for example in the upper middle part of the main combustion zone, a temperature detection device, such as a sheathed thermocouple, is installed to obtain the average temperature inside the furnace in real time. The grate 2 is preferably a multi-stage mechanical reciprocating grate. Through the alternating reciprocating motion of the grate bars, the waste moves on the grate from the feed end to the ash discharge end, sequentially undergoing the drying, combustion, and combustion stages. The specific structure and driving method of the multi-stage mechanical reciprocating grate can be implemented by those skilled in the art based on conventional designs, which are well-known technologies in the field and will not be elaborated here.

[0051] In the incineration heat generation module, the total heat power released by waste combustion It can be represented by the following formula:

[0052] ;

[0053] In the formula, This indicates the total heat released by waste incineration per unit time. This indicates the waste mass flow rate controlled by adjusting the operating speed of conveyor belt 11. This indicates the average lower heating value of the waste fed into the furnace. This indicates the overall combustion efficiency of the incineration process.

[0054] Ash and slag discharge section. A slag discharge box 3 is connected to the end of grate furnace 2. After combustion, the slag falls from the end of grate furnace 2 into the slag discharge box 3 under the continuous pushing of the grate bars. The slag discharge box 3 typically employs a water-sealed structure, which collects the ash and slag while simultaneously quenching and cooling it, effectively preventing outside air from leaking into the furnace and preventing flue gas from escaping.

[0055] The sludge hydration modification and injection module is located on one side of the incineration heat energy generation module. It is used to receive externally input sludge and water, and to modify the sludge into a hydration slurry through mechanical stirring. The hydration slurry is then pressurized and injected into the furnace of the incineration heat energy generation module.

[0056] Specifically, in this embodiment, the sludge hydration modification and spraying module is used to prepare dewatered sludge into a fluid that can be stably transported and sprayed, and quantitatively feed it into the incinerator 1 according to instructions. It mainly includes three functional parts: sludge preparation, pressurized transport, and spray atomization.

[0057] The sludge preparation section includes a mixing tank 506. The top of the mixing tank 506 is equipped with a filler inlet 505 for adding dewatered sludge and an appropriate amount of water. Inside the tank, a rotating rod 509 driven by a motor 507 and an agitator 5010 fixed to the rotating rod 509 are installed to prevent material from adhering to and agglomerating on the tank wall during mixing. Driven by the motor 507, the agitator 5010 shears and mixes the sludge and water in the tank, breaking down the sludge's agglomerated structure and forming a uniformly dispersed solid-phase slurry, i.e., hydrated sludge. This process aims to adjust the sludge to a preset moisture content with good flowability, such as 70%.

[0058] Pressurized conveying section. The bottom of the mixing tank 506 is connected to the inlet of the single screw pump 504 via the discharge pipe 5011. The start-up, shutdown, and speed of the single screw pump 504 are controlled by commands, thereby achieving the mass flow rate of the hydrated sludge injection. Precise control.

[0059] The apparent viscosity of sludge is a key parameter affecting its flowability and is closely related to temperature and shear rate. Its rheological properties can be approximately described by the following equation:

[0060] ;

[0061] In the formula, Indicates the apparent viscosity of hydrated sludge. Represents the consistency coefficient. This indicates the shear rate experienced by the sludge in the pipe or pump. The rheological index represents the sludge. This represents the activation energy of sludge flow. Represents the universal gas constant. This indicates the thermodynamic temperature of the sludge.

[0062] Increase the temperature of the sludge It can exponentially reduce its apparent viscosity. This significantly improves its pumping performance.

[0063] The atomization section consists of a single screw pump 504 whose outlet is connected to a heating pipe 503. The heating pipe 503 is a section of pipe that serves as a heat exchange unit; the hydrated sludge is heated as it flows through it, further reducing its viscosity. A spray pipe 501 is connected to the end of the heating pipe 503, extending through the furnace wall of the incinerator 1 into the furnace chamber. Several spray heads 502 are evenly distributed at the end of the spray pipe 501. The spray heads 502 can be pressure atomizing nozzles, such as fan-shaped or hollow cone nozzles, which atomize the hydrated sludge into fine droplets under high pressure and spray them into the high-temperature zone of the furnace to increase the contact surface area with the high-temperature flue gas.

[0064] The cascade waste heat recovery module is connected to the flue gas outlet of the incineration heat energy generation module. It is used to guide the flow of high-temperature flue gas and use the sensible heat of the flue gas to heat the sludge hydration modification and the hydration slurry transported in the injection module and the combustion air entering the incineration heat energy generation module in sequence through heat exchange.

[0065] Specifically, in this embodiment, the cascade waste heat recovery module systematically recovers heat from the high-temperature flue gas generated by the incineration heat energy generation module 100, and uses the recovered heat energy to preheat sludge and combustion air, thereby improving the overall energy utilization efficiency of the system.

[0066] The first-stage heat exchange structure, namely the spiral turbulence dynamic sludge preheater, is used to rapidly heat the hydrated sludge in a flowing state. The flue outlet of the incinerator 1 is connected to the main body of this heat exchange structure, namely the inlet end of the preheating pipe 402, through a connecting pipe 401, so that the high-temperature flue gas generated in the furnace enters the preheating pipe 402.

[0067] The preheating pipe 402 is coaxially sleeved outside the heating pipe 503 of the sludge hydration modification and injection module 200, forming an annular space between them. A spiral baffle 403 is fixedly installed within this annular space. The inner edge of the spiral baffle 403 is in close contact with the outer wall of the heating pipe 503, and the outer edge is close to the inner wall of the preheating pipe 402. This alters the flow path of the high-temperature flue gas within the annular space, causing it to no longer flow in a straight axial direction, but rather along the spiral channel defined by the spiral baffle 403. This extends the effective heat exchange path of the flue gas and improves the convective heat transfer effect between the flue gas and the wall of the heating pipe 503.

[0068] heat exchange rate It can be described by the following fundamental heat transfer equations:

[0069] ;

[0070] In the formula, This indicates the heat transfer power of the first-stage heat exchange structure; This represents the overall heat transfer coefficient, including the helical turbulence enhancement effect. This indicates the outer surface area of ​​the heating tube 503, i.e., the effective heat exchange area; This represents the logarithmic mean temperature difference of the heat exchange process.

[0071] After the first stage of heat exchange, the flue gas, with a slightly reduced temperature, flows out from the outlet of the preheating pipe 402 and enters the temperature-conducting pipe 405 through the connecting pipe 406. Several temperature-conducting plates 408 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the temperature-conducting pipe 405, and these plates are in contact with the outer wall of the mixing tank 506, forming the second-stage heat exchange structure. The heat from the flue gas is conducted through the pipe walls of the temperature-conducting pipe 405 and the temperature-conducting plates 408, providing insulation or preheating to the static hydrated sludge in the mixing tank 506, further reducing energy consumption in the hydrated sludge preparation process.

[0072] After exiting the heat-conducting pipe 405, the flue gas enters the third-stage heat exchange structure, namely the air preheating mechanism 7. This mechanism includes an outer pipe (heating pipe 702) and an inner pipe (gas supply pipe 703). Ambient air blown in by the fan 705 flows through the gas supply pipe 703, while the flue gas flows in the space between the heating pipe 702 and the gas supply pipe 703. The residual heat from the flue gas at the end heats the combustion air in the gas supply pipe 703 through conduction through the pipe wall. The preheated air is sent to the bottom of the grate furnace 2 to participate in waste incineration, improving combustion efficiency. The exhaust gas, with its temperature further reduced, is discharged through the exhaust pipe 704 and enters the subsequent flue gas purification system.

[0073] The collaborative calorific value balance control module establishes signal connections with the incineration heat energy generation module and the sludge hydration modification and injection module, respectively, to receive furnace temperature data and adjust the waste feeding rate and the injection rate of hydration slurry according to the preset temperature threshold.

[0074] Specifically, in this embodiment, the furnace temperature is collected in real time by the collaborative calorific value balance control module, and the amount of waste fed and the amount of sludge injected are adjusted in a coordinated manner to achieve dynamic balance of the system's calorific value.

[0075] The collaborative calorific value balance control module can be implemented using a programmable logic controller (PLC) or a distributed control system (DCS) commonly used in the industrial field. This module has corresponding input / output (I / O) interfaces. Its input terminals are electrically connected to a temperature detection device installed inside the incinerator 1 to receive temperature signals in analog or digital form. Its output terminals are respectively connected to the controller signals of the single screw pump 504 in the sludge hydration modification and injection module, and the conveyor belt 11 in the incineration heat energy generation module.

[0076] Preset key temperature parameters. The control program sets two key temperature parameters: one is a first preset threshold used to activate the collaborative processing mode. (For example, 800 degrees Celsius); another is the target equilibrium temperature that the system needs to maintain in collaborative processing mode. (e.g., 600 degrees Celsius).

[0077] A closed-loop control algorithm based on temperature feedback is used. This algorithm is applied when the collaborative calorific value balance control module receives the real-time furnace temperature. Reaching or exceeding the first preset threshold At this time, its control logic is triggered, and it begins to output control signals to the single screw pump 504, initiating sludge injection. A specific control algorithm is proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control or its simplified form (such as proportional control), which affects the sludge injection mass flow rate. The regulation follows the following relationship:

[0078] ;

[0079] In the formula;

[0080] Indicates time Changing variables The time derivative;

[0081] This indicates the output quantity regulated by the controller, in relation to time. Related variables;

[0082] Represents a time variable;

[0083] This represents the proportional gain coefficient, which determines the strength of the proportional term's response to errors.

[0084] This represents the integral gain coefficient, used to accumulate historical values ​​of the error to eliminate steady-state error;

[0085] This represents the differential gain coefficient, used to respond to trends in error changes;

[0086] Control error, representing the difference between the actual value and the target value, is defined as:

[0087] ;

[0088] Indicates the system in time The actual temperature;

[0089] Indicates the desired target temperature;

[0090] A virtual time variable representing the integration operation;

[0091] Indicates error The cumulative amount;

[0092] The time derivative of the error reflects the rate at which the error changes.

[0093] Coordinated adjustment of feed rate. Simultaneously with the activation and adjustment of the sludge injection rate, the coordinated calorific value balance control module can output commands to increase the operating speed of conveyor belt 11, thereby increasing the feed mass flow rate of the waste. . The increase and A functional relationship can be established between the increase in the amount of waste combustion and the increase in the amount of sludge injection to ensure that the increased heat of waste combustion can be absorbed by the corresponding increase in the amount of sludge injection, thus maintaining the stability of the furnace temperature.

[0094] It achieves closed-loop automatic control of furnace temperature, transforming the incineration process from passive calorific value fluctuations to active thermal balance regulation, thus providing a foundation for maximizing the system's waste and sludge processing capacity under full-load conditions.

[0095] The waste incineration and sludge co-treatment device described below can be referred to in correspondence with the waste incineration and sludge co-treatment system described above.

[0096] Please see the appendix Figure 4 -Appendix Figure 11 The present invention also provides a waste incineration and sludge co-treatment device, comprising:

[0097] A grate furnace 2 is fixedly connected to an incinerator 1 on its upper surface. A slag discharge box 3 is fixedly connected to one end of the grate furnace 2, and a conveyor box 6 is fixedly connected to one end of the grate furnace 2. A conveyor belt 11 is installed inside the conveyor box 6.

[0098] Specifically, the waste is put into the inside of the conveyor box 6 and the conveyor belt 11 is started to transport the waste, so that the waste falls into the inside of the grate furnace 2 from the other end. The grate furnace 2 is started to burn the waste and move the waste in a stepped manner. The burned waste is pushed into the ash discharge box 3 for discharge through the stepped movement of the grate furnace 2.

[0099] The spraying mechanism 5 is installed on one side of the incinerator 1 and is used to spray hydrated sludge.

[0100] The spraying mechanism 5 includes a support frame 2 508, a motor 507 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the support frame 2 508, a rotating rod 509 is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor 507, a mixing tank 506 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the rotating rod 509, a stirring rod 5010 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating rod 509, the outer wall of the stirring rod 5010 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the mixing tank 506, a discharge pipe 5011 is fixedly connected to the inside of the mixing tank 506, a single screw pump 504 is fixedly connected to one end of the discharge pipe 5011, a heating pipe 503 is fixedly connected to the output end of the single screw pump 504, a spray pipe 501 is fixedly connected to one end of the heating pipe 503, the outer wall of the spray pipe 501 is fixedly connected to the inside of the incinerator 1, a spray head 502 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the spray pipe 501, and the mixing tank 506 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the mixing tank 506.

[0101] Specifically, sludge and water are added to the mixing tank 506 through the filling port 505. Then, the motor 507 is started to drive the rotating rod 509 to rotate, causing the stirring rod 5010 to stir the sludge and water in the mixing tank 506, hydrating the sludge and water. When the internal temperature of the incinerator 1 exceeds the threshold of 800℃, the single screw pump 504 is started to pump the hydrated sludge out of the mixing tank 506 through the discharge pipe 5011, and then transport it to the heating pipe 503 and then to the spray pipe 501, where it is sprayed out through the spray head 502. The hydrated sludge absorbs the heat generated by waste incineration, and part of it is discharged as steam after absorbing heat. Simultaneously, the high temperature inside the incinerator 1 treats the sludge until the temperature inside the incinerator 1 is controlled at 600℃. By controlling the conveying rate of the conveyor belt 11 and simultaneously adding the sprayed hydrated sludge, the incineration speed and sludge incineration speed are increased while ensuring full-load power generation output.

[0102] The sludge preheating mechanism 4 is installed on the outer wall of the spraying mechanism 5 and is used to heat the hydrated sludge. The sludge preheating mechanism 4 includes a support frame 404, a preheating pipe 402 is fixedly connected inside the support frame 404, the inner wall of the preheating pipe 402 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the heating pipe 503, a spiral baffle 403 is fixedly connected inside the preheating pipe 402, the inner wall of the spiral baffle 403 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the heating pipe 503, and a connecting pipe is fixedly connected to one end of the preheating pipe 402. 401, one end of the connecting pipe 401 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the incinerator 1, one end of the preheating pipe 402 is fixedly connected to the connecting pipe 406, one end of the connecting pipe 406 is fixedly connected to the heat-conducting pipe 405, the outer wall of the heat-conducting pipe 405 is fixedly connected to the heat-conducting plate 408, the outer wall of the heat-conducting plate 408 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the mixing tank 506, the outer wall of the heat-conducting plate 408 is fixedly connected to the preheating tank 407, and the outer wall of the preheating tank 407 is fixedly connected to the fixing bracket 10.

[0103] Specifically, the high-temperature flue gas generated by combustion is transported to the preheating pipe 402 through the connecting pipe 401 and moves along the spiral baffle 403. The high-temperature flue gas comes into contact with the heating pipe 503 to preheat the interior. The high-temperature flue gas is then transported to the temperature-conducting pipe 405 through the connecting pipe 406 at the bottom of the preheating pipe 402. The high-temperature flue gas flows in the temperature-conducting pipe 405 and the temperature is conducted to the mixing tank 506 through the temperature-conducting plate 408 fixed on the outer wall of the temperature-conducting pipe 405, thereby heating the sludge and water in the mixing tank 506.

[0104] An air preheating mechanism 7 is installed on the lower surface of the grate furnace 2 and is used to transport preheated air. The air preheating mechanism 7 includes a heating tube 702. A connecting pipe 3 706 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the heating tube 702. One end of the connecting pipe 3 706 is fixedly connected to one end of the packing port 505. A gas supply pipe 703 is fixedly connected inside the heating tube 702. One end of the gas supply pipe 703 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the grate furnace 2. The other end of the gas supply pipe 703 is fixedly connected to a connecting box 701. A fan 705 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the connecting box 701. An exhaust pipe 704 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the heating tube 702.

[0105] Specifically, high-temperature flue gas is transported to heating pipe 702 through connecting pipe 3 706. Fan 705 is started to transport outside air to gas supply pipe 703. Gas supply pipe 703 is preheated by high-temperature flue gas. The preheated air is transported to the interior of grate furnace 2 through gas supply pipe 703 to provide oxygen for waste incineration. High-temperature flue gas in heating pipe 702 is transported to flue gas treatment pipeline through exhaust pipe 704.

[0106] The lower surface of the grate furnace 2 is fixedly connected to a fixing frame 8, and the lower surface of the conveyor box 6 is fixedly connected to a fixing frame 9.

[0107] Specifically, the first fixing frame 8 serves to support and fix the grate furnace 2, and the second fixing frame 9 serves to support and fix the conveyor box 6.

[0108] Working principle: The garbage is put into the inside of the conveyor box 6 and the conveyor belt 11 is started to transport the garbage, so that the garbage falls into the inside of the grate furnace 2 from the other end. The grate furnace 2 is started to burn the garbage and move the garbage in a step-like manner. The high-temperature flue gas generated by combustion is transported to the preheating pipe 402 through the connecting pipe 1 401 and moves along the spiral baffle 403. The high-temperature flue gas comes into contact with the heating pipe 503 to preheat the inside. The high-temperature flue gas is transported to the inside of the temperature conducting pipe 405 through the connecting pipe 2 406 at the bottom of the preheating pipe 402. The high-temperature flue gas flows in the temperature conducting pipe 405 and the temperature is conducted to the mixing tank 506 through the temperature conducting plate 408 fixed on the outer wall of the temperature conducting pipe 405, thereby heating the sludge and water in the mixing tank 506.

[0109] High-temperature flue gas is transported to heating pipe 702 through connecting pipe 3 706. Fan 705 is started to transport outside air to gas supply pipe 703. The gas supply pipe 703 is preheated by the high-temperature flue gas. The preheated air is transported to the interior of grate furnace 2 through gas supply pipe 703 to provide oxygen for waste incineration. The high-temperature flue gas in heating pipe 702 is transported to flue gas treatment pipeline through exhaust pipe 704.

[0110] Sludge and water are added to the mixing tank 506 through the filling port 505. Then, the motor 507 is started to drive the rotating rod 509 to rotate, causing the stirring rod 5010 to stir the sludge and water in the mixing tank 506, hydrating the sludge and water. When the internal temperature of the incinerator 1 exceeds the threshold of 800℃, the single screw pump 504 is started to pump the hydrated sludge out of the mixing tank 506 through the discharge pipe 5011, and then transport it to the heating pipe 503 and then to the spray pipe 501, where it is sprayed through the spray head 502. The hydrated sludge absorbs the heat generated by the incineration of waste. Part of it is discharged as water vapor after absorbing heat. At the same time, the sludge is treated by the high temperature inside the incinerator 1 until the temperature inside the incinerator 1 is controlled at 600℃. By controlling the conveying volume of the conveyor belt 11, the amount of hydrated sludge injected is added simultaneously to achieve the effect of increasing the waste incineration speed and sludge incineration speed while ensuring full load power generation output. The burned waste is pushed into the ash discharge box 3 through the stepped movement of the grate 2 and discharged.

Claims

1. A waste incineration and sludge co-treatment system, characterized in that, include: The incineration heat energy generation module is used to receive and incinerate solid waste to generate high-temperature flue gas. The incineration heat energy generation module is equipped with a temperature monitoring component for real-time acquisition of furnace temperature data. The sludge hydration modification and injection module is used to modify externally input sludge into a hydration slurry and pressurize and inject the hydration slurry into the furnace of the incineration heat energy generation module. A cascade waste heat recovery module is connected to the flue gas outlet of the incineration heat energy generation module. It is used to utilize the heat of the high-temperature flue gas to heat the hydrated slurry transported in the sludge hydration modification and injection module and the combustion air entering the incineration heat energy generation module. The collaborative calorific value balance control module establishes signal connections with the temperature monitoring component, the incineration heat energy generation module, and the sludge hydration modification and injection module, respectively, to receive the furnace temperature data and adjust the solid waste feeding rate and the hydration slurry injection rate according to the preset temperature threshold.

2. The waste incineration and sludge co-treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sludge hydration modification and spraying module includes: Heating pipe (503) for conveying the hydrated slurry; The cascade waste heat recovery module includes a preheating pipe (402), which is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the heating pipe (503). An annular space is formed between the preheating pipe (402) and the heating pipe (503) to guide the flow of the high-temperature flue gas. Within the annular space, a spiral baffle (403) is fixedly installed. The spiral baffle (403) forces the high-temperature flue gas to flow along a spiral path to heat the hydrated slurry in the heating pipe (503).

3. The waste incineration and sludge co-treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sludge hydration modification and spraying module also includes; Mixing tank (506) for preparing hydrated slurry; The cascade waste heat recovery module also includes a temperature-conducting structure that is attached to the outer wall of the mixing tank (506). The temperature-conducting structure is used to guide the flue gas flowing out from the preheating pipe (402) to heat the hydrated slurry in the mixing tank (506).

4. The waste incineration and sludge co-treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The collaborative calorific value balance control module is configured to initiate the injection of the hydrated slurry when the received furnace temperature data reaches a first preset threshold.

5. The waste incineration and sludge co-treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The collaborative calorific value balance control module is further configured to: after starting the injection of the hydrated slurry, adjust the injection rate of the hydrated slurry through a proportional-integral-derivative control algorithm so that the furnace temperature data is maintained at a target equilibrium temperature.

6. The waste incineration and sludge co-treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The collaborative calorific value balance control module is further configured to: after starting the injection of the hydrated slurry, adjust the injection rate of the hydrated slurry through a proportional-integral-derivative control algorithm so that the furnace temperature data is maintained at a target equilibrium temperature.

7. A waste incineration and sludge co-treatment device, applied to the waste incineration and sludge co-treatment system according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, include: A grate furnace (2) is fixedly connected to an incinerator (1) on its upper surface. A slag discharge box (3) is fixedly connected to one end of the grate furnace (2). A conveyor box (6) is fixedly connected to one end of the grate furnace (2). A conveyor belt (11) is installed inside the conveyor box (6). The spraying mechanism (5), which is installed on one side of the incinerator (1), is used to spray hydrated sludge; The spraying mechanism (5) includes a second support frame (508), on the upper surface of which a motor (507) is fixedly connected. A rotating rod (509) is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor (507). A mixing tank (506) is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the rotating rod (509). A stirring rod (5010) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating rod (509). The outer wall of the stirring rod (5010) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the mixing tank (506). The interior of the mixing tank (506) is fixedly connected to... A discharge pipe (5011) is connected to the furnace. A single screw pump (504) is fixedly connected to one end of the discharge pipe (5011). A heating pipe (503) is fixedly connected to the output end of the single screw pump (504). A spray pipe (501) is fixedly connected to one end of the heating pipe (503). The outer wall of the spray pipe (501) is fixedly connected to the inside of the incinerator (1). A spray head (502) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the spray pipe (501). A mixing tank (506) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the mixing tank (506). The sludge preheating mechanism (4) is installed on the outer wall of the spraying mechanism (5) and is used to heat the hydrated sludge; An air preheating mechanism (7) is installed on the lower surface of the grate furnace (2) for conveying preheated air.

8. The waste incineration and sludge co-treatment device according to claim 7, characterized in that; The sludge preheating mechanism (4) includes a support frame (404), a preheating pipe (402) is fixedly connected inside the support frame (404), the inner wall of the preheating pipe (402) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the heating pipe (503), a spiral baffle (403) is fixedly connected inside the preheating pipe (402), the inner wall of the spiral baffle (403) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the heating pipe (503), and a connecting pipe (401) is fixedly connected to one end of the preheating pipe (402). The preheating pipe (402) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the incinerator (1). One end of the preheating pipe (402) is fixedly connected to the connecting pipe (406). One end of the connecting pipe (406) is fixedly connected to the temperature-conducting pipe (405). The outer wall of the temperature-conducting pipe (405) is fixedly connected to the temperature-conducting plate (408). The outer wall of the temperature-conducting plate (408) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the mixing tank (506). The outer wall of the temperature-conducting plate (408) is fixedly connected to the preheating tank (407). The outer wall of the preheating tank (407) is fixedly connected to the fixing frame (10).

9. The waste incineration and sludge co-treatment device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The air preheating mechanism (7) includes a heating tube (702), a connecting pipe three (706) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the heating tube (702), one end of the connecting pipe three (706) is fixedly connected to one end of the packing port (505), a gas supply pipe (703) is fixedly connected inside the heating tube (702), one end of the gas supply pipe (703) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the grate furnace (2), the other end of the gas supply pipe (703) is fixedly connected to a connecting box (701), a fan (705) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the connecting box (701), and an exhaust pipe (704) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the heating tube (702).

10. The waste incineration and sludge co-treatment device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The lower surface of the grate furnace (2) is fixedly connected to a first fixing frame (8), and the lower surface of the conveyor box (6) is fixedly connected to a second fixing frame (9).

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