A ship lock excavation blasting vibration control method and system

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of water conservancy engineering construction technology, and discloses a method and system for controlling blasting vibration during lock excavation. By collecting information on the geological hardness of rock strata and the distance to surrounding buildings, and combining this with finite element analysis to simulate the blasting energy distribution, a dynamic matching mechanism for borehole depth and charge quantity is constructed. This method overcomes the limitations of traditional empirical parameter settings and uses iterative simulation and optimization algorithms to achieve coordinated adjustment of borehole depth and charge quantity. For example, in areas with high rock hardness, by increasing the borehole depth and matching a segmented charge strategy, the blasting energy is uniformly released in the deep rock mass, effectively reducing the peak ground vibration and avoiding structural damage to adjacent buildings. Furthermore, by introducing multi-dimensional data analysis and multi-scenario simulation verification mechanisms, it can flexibly cope with complex working conditions such as uneven rock hardness, topographical undulations, adjacent water bodies, or dense building clusters.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water conservancy engineering construction technology, specifically to a method and system for controlling blasting vibration during lock excavation. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of water conservancy engineering construction, lock excavation projects are a crucial link in ensuring smooth navigation and water resource utilization, possessing irreplaceable strategic value. Their construction quality and safety directly affect the long-term stable operation of the project and the safety of the surrounding environment. However, while blasting operations are a commonly used technique in excavation projects and are highly efficient, they often come with significant safety hazards in practice, especially in vibration control. Even slight negligence can cause irreversible damage to existing structures in the vicinity.

[0003] Currently, although the industry has attempted various methods to reduce the impact of blasting vibrations, these methods often have limitations. Many solutions focus more on construction efficiency or cost control during the design phase, neglecting the complexity of vibration propagation and the diversity of environmental conditions. This results in unsatisfactory control effects when facing different geological conditions or building structures. This neglect leaves the safety of blasting operations uncertain, especially in construction scenarios near sensitive areas, where the problem is particularly prominent.

[0004] Focusing on the technical aspects, controlling blasting vibrations faces extremely challenging core difficulties, the most critical factor being the precise matching of drilling depth and charge quantity. Drilling depth determines the distribution range of blasting energy; an improperly designed depth can lead to energy concentration or uncontrolled diffusion, resulting in excessively strong vibration waves. Furthermore, the compatibility of the charge quantity with the drilling depth, a parameter directly affecting blasting power, further exacerbates the problem. If an effective balance is not achieved between the two, the vibration peak is often difficult to control within a safe range. For example, in a lock excavation project, due to a shallow drilling depth and the failure to adjust the charge quantity according to geological hardness, the vibration waves generated after the blast directly caused cracks in the walls of a nearby old building, seriously threatening the safety of the surrounding area.

[0005] Therefore, how to effectively reduce the impact of blasting vibration peaks on surrounding buildings by optimizing the coordinated configuration of drilling depth and charge amount in complex construction environments has become a key issue that urgently needs to be addressed in lock excavation projects. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method and system for controlling blasting vibration during lock excavation, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for controlling blasting vibration during lock excavation, comprising the following steps: S1. Collect data on the geological hardness of the rock strata and the distance to surrounding buildings; S2. Simulate the blast energy distribution through finite element analysis to generate an initial vibration peak distribution map; S3. Based on the initial vibration peak distribution map and the preset safety threshold, determine whether the drilling depth needs to be adjusted, and determine the adjusted drilling depth parameters. S4. Extract the blasting energy diffusion range from the adjusted borehole depth parameters, and use an optimization algorithm to adjust the charge configuration scheme to obtain a matched charge scheme. S5. Based on the matched charge amount scheme and the distance information of surrounding buildings, simulate the vibration propagation path to predict the peak value change, determine whether the predicted peak value is lower than the preset safety threshold, and obtain the final vibration control parameters by iteratively optimizing the energy distribution method. S6. By integrating rock geological hardness data through final vibration control parameters, a blasting operation execution sequence is generated, and configuration outputs to reduce the impact on the surrounding area are determined to guide the operation.

[0008] Preferably, step S1 further includes: S11. Collect rock strata geological hardness data at different locations; S12. Use a laser rangefinder to locate the position of each building and record the straight-line distance from the blasting point to the building and the relative height difference.

[0009] Preferably, step S2 further includes: S21. Finite element analysis divides the blasting area into multiple small units to simulate the propagation and attenuation of blasting energy in the rock strata. S22. When simulating the distribution of blasting energy, confirm the location of the blast point and the initial parameter settings; S23. Through multi-scenario simulation, the actual vibration peak distribution map is obtained.

[0010] Preferably, in step S21, the blasting energy can be divided into multiple depth layers, and each layer is assigned different mechanical parameter values ​​based on the hardness test results; in step S22, the blasting point is set in the middle of the rock layer in the model, the drilling depth is a certain value, and the charge amount is a preliminary estimate.

[0011] Preferably, step S3 further includes: S31. Combine the vibration peak distribution map to conduct multi-dimensional analysis and determine whether the drilling depth needs to be adjusted. S32. Determine the adjusted borehole depth parameters based on the rock hardness and vibration attenuation law; S33. Verify the rationality of the adjusted borehole depth parameters.

[0012] Preferably, step S4 further includes: S41. Based on the adjusted borehole depth parameters, perform a new simulation analysis to extract the range of blast energy diffusion. S42. Adjust the charge configuration scheme according to the rock strata impedance and energy attenuation characteristics.

[0013] Preferably, step S5 further includes: S51. Combine the charge quantity plan and the distance information of surrounding buildings to analyze and simulate the vibration propagation path; S52. Conduct a focused assessment of key areas to determine whether the predicted peak value is lower than the preset safety threshold. S53. The energy distribution method is iteratively optimized by adjusting the vibration control effect.

[0014] Preferably, in step S51, the matched charge quantity parameters and adjusted borehole depth parameters are input into the finite element model to simulate the process of blasting vibration waves propagating from the blast point to the surrounding areas; in step S52, the simulated vibration peak curve is compared point by point with the safety threshold to check whether the vibration intensity near the blast point and the surrounding buildings is within the safe range; in step S53, if the predicted peak value is higher than the safety threshold, the charge structure is changed, and the concentrated charge is changed to a dispersed charge to reduce the initial intensity of the vibration wave.

[0015] Preferably, step S6 further includes: S61. When generating the blasting operation execution sequence, the final vibration control parameters are systematically organized. S62. Transform the job execution sequence into a specific guidance document and determine the configuration output.

[0016] The present invention also provides a vibration control system for blasting during lock excavation, comprising: Data acquisition module: responsible for collecting the basic data required for blasting vibration control, including: Geological data acquisition: Obtain physical and mechanical parameters of rock strata, such as hardness, density, wave velocity, and fracture distribution, through geological drilling and acoustic testing; Environmental data collection: Through on-site measurements and GIS, obtain information on the distance, elevation difference, topography, structural type, and basic information of the blasting point and surrounding buildings; Vibration Simulation and Prediction Module: Based on the collected data, a digital model is constructed to simulate the blasting process and predict the vibration effects, including: 3D geological modeling: Utilizing geological data, constructing a 3D geological model including rock strata and attribute parameters; Finite element analysis: Setting blasting parameters in the model to simulate the distribution, propagation path, and attenuation of blasting energy; Generating vibration peak distribution maps: Calculate and visualize the vibration intensity distribution across the entire area, visually displaying the extent and degree of its impact on the surrounding environment. Parameter optimization and decision-making module: This module is responsible for analyzing simulation results and intelligently adjusting blasting parameters to meet safety requirements, including: Safety threshold comparison: Compare the simulated and predicted vibration peak value with the preset safety threshold; Drilling depth optimization: If the predicted vibration exceeds the standard, first determine and calculate the optimal drilling depth, and reduce the surface vibration by shifting the blasting energy center downward and utilizing the rock layer damping effect. Charge optimization: After determining the drilling depth, an optimization algorithm is used to adjust the charge amount and charge structure to balance the blasting effect and vibration control. Optimization of blasting sequence: In complex environments, design time-sharing and batch blasting schemes to avoid the superposition of vibration waves and further reduce peak values; Solution generation and output module: Transforms optimization decisions into executable work instructions, including: Operation execution sequence generation: Integrate all final parameters and rock strata data to generate a detailed, step-by-step blasting operation execution sequence; Configuration output: Generates work instructions, blasting parameter tables, vibration monitoring point layout diagrams, and other documents to guide on-site construction; Emergency plan preset: Preset emergency adjustment parameter combinations for possible emergencies.

[0017] Execution and Monitoring Feedback Module: Responsible for the on-site execution of the solution and collecting actual data to verify and correct the system, forming a closed loop, including: Plan Implementation: Guide construction personnel to perform drilling, charging, and blasting according to the generated work sequence; Real-time monitoring: During blasting, vibration sensors are used to monitor the actual vibration data at key locations in real time; Feedback and correction: Compare the monitoring data with the predicted data.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. This invention collects information on the geological hardness of rock strata and the distance to surrounding buildings through a system, and combines this with finite element analysis to simulate the distribution of blasting energy. It then constructs a dynamic matching mechanism between drilling depth and charge amount. This method breaks through the limitations of traditional empirical parameter settings and uses iterative simulation and optimization algorithms to achieve coordinated adjustment of drilling depth and charge amount. For example, in areas with high rock hardness, by increasing the drilling depth and matching a segmented charge strategy, the blasting energy is released uniformly in the deep rock mass, effectively reducing the peak value of surface vibration and avoiding structural damage to nearby buildings. 2. This invention, by introducing multi-dimensional data analysis and multi-scenario simulation verification mechanisms, can flexibly cope with complex working conditions such as uneven rock hardness, undulating terrain, proximity to water bodies, or dense building clusters. Through strategies such as adjusting drilling depth in layers, developing charging plans for different regions, and controlling blasting sequence in stages, the applicability of the vibration control scheme in different engineering scenarios is significantly improved. For example, in near-blasting operations in urban areas, the time-based blasting and weighted evaluation mechanism prioritizes the vibration safety of highly sensitive buildings such as schools and hospitals, demonstrating the method's refined design capabilities. 3. This invention constructs a complete vibration control chain, from data acquisition, parameter simulation, iterative optimization to operation sequence generation. By dynamically updating geological data and emergency parameter presets, it achieves rapid response to sudden geological changes or environmental risks. The final output blasting operation execution sequence integrates vibration control parameters, operating procedures, and monitoring requirements, guiding on-site personnel to operate in a standardized manner. For example, introducing a vibration monitoring and feedback mechanism after blasting forms a closed-loop management system, ensuring continuous optimization of vibration control effectiveness during long-term operations. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 A flowchart of a preferred embodiment of the method for controlling blasting vibration during lock excavation provided by the present invention; Figure 2 The overall framework diagram of the lock excavation blasting vibration control system provided by the present invention is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Please see Figures 1-2 As shown, a method for controlling blasting vibration during lock excavation is described below. The implementation method and specific details of each step will be described step by step.

[0022] Step S1 involves collecting data on the geological hardness of the rock strata and the distances to surrounding buildings to lay the foundation for subsequent analysis. Rock geological hardness data is a crucial basis for blasting operation design, directly affecting the distribution of blasting energy and vibration propagation characteristics. During data collection, a combination of on-site exploration and laboratory testing is typically used to obtain the physical and mechanical parameters of the rock strata, such as compressive strength, density, and wave velocity. These parameters can be obtained through indoor testing after borehole sampling or through direct measurement using on-site wave velocity testing equipment. Information on the distances to surrounding buildings is obtained through on-site measurements and map data analysis, recording the specific distances between the blasting point and surrounding buildings, as well as the building types, such as residential, industrial facilities, or other sensitive structures. It should be noted that the collection of information on the distances to surrounding buildings includes not only straight-line distances but also the influence of terrain undulations and geological media on vibration propagation.

[0023] Step S11: For the collection of rock strata geological hardness data, various technical means can be used to improve the accuracy of the data.

[0024] For example, during on-site exploration, geological drilling rigs are used to drill core samples at different locations within the blasting area, recording the integrity and fracture distribution of the cores. The samples are then sent to a laboratory for mechanical property testing to determine the rock's hardness grade and strength parameters. Another approach is to use acoustic testing equipment, deploying multiple measuring points within the blasting area, and using the speed of sound wave propagation to estimate the hardness and density distribution of the rock strata. This method is suitable for rapid assessment over large areas, especially providing comprehensive data support under complex geological conditions. Through these methods, a hardness distribution map of the rock strata within the blasting area can be constructed, providing a reliable basis for subsequent vibration analysis.

[0025] Step S12: When collecting distance information of surrounding buildings, comprehensive measurement should be carried out in combination with the actual environmental characteristics.

[0026] For example, laser rangefinders are used to precisely locate each sensitive building around the blasting area, recording the straight-line distance and relative height difference between the blast point and the building. Simultaneously, geographic information system (GIS) data is used to analyze the terrain features between the blast point and the building.

[0027] For example, the presence of mountains or riverbeds can affect vibration propagation. Additionally, the type of building foundation and structural characteristics must be recorded.

[0028] For example, whether it's a reinforced concrete structure or a brick-concrete structure, this information is needed to assess the impact of vibration on the building. Multi-dimensional data collection provides comprehensive environmental information for designing vibration control solutions.

[0029] Step S2 involves simulating the blast energy distribution using finite element analysis to generate an initial vibration peak distribution map, providing a basis for subsequent parameter adjustments. Finite element analysis is a numerical simulation method that divides the blasting area into multiple small elements to simulate the propagation and attenuation process of blast energy in rock strata, thereby predicting the intensity distribution of vibration at different locations.

[0030] Specifically, firstly, based on the collected rock strata hardness data, a three-dimensional geological model of the blasting area is constructed, including parameters such as rock strata hardness, density, and wave velocity. Then, initial blasting parameters, such as borehole depth and charge quantity, are set to simulate the propagation path and energy distribution of the released blast energy within the rock strata. Finally, an initial vibration peak distribution map is generated, displaying the intensity values ​​of the blast vibration at different locations, providing a visual basis for subsequent judgment and optimization.

[0031] Step S21: When constructing a three-dimensional geological model, the rock strata geological hardness data needs to be processed in layers.

[0032] For example, the blasting area is divided into multiple depth layers, each assigned different mechanical parameter values ​​based on hardness test results. Higher wave velocity and density values ​​are set for areas with higher rock hardness, while lower parameter values ​​are set for areas with more fissures or lower hardness. After the model is built, finite element analysis software is used to mesh the model, dividing the entire area into multiple small elements, with parameters assumed to be uniformly distributed within each element. In this way, the propagation characteristics of blasting energy under complex geological conditions can be reflected more realistically.

[0033] Step S22: When simulating the distribution of blasting energy, the location of the blast point and the initial parameter settings need to be considered.

[0034] For example, in the model, the blasting point is set in the middle of the rock stratum, the borehole depth is a fixed value, and the charge amount is a preliminary estimate. During the simulation, the blasting energy propagates in the form of spherical waves. The energy is affected by the hardness of the rock stratum and the distribution of fractures during propagation, with some energy being absorbed or reflected. Through finite element analysis, the attenuation of the blasting energy at different locations can be calculated, thus obtaining the spatial distribution of the vibration peak. It should be noted that the simulation results are presented graphically; different colors in the vibration peak distribution map represent different vibration intensities, intuitively reflecting the impact range of the blast on the surrounding area.

[0035] Step S23: In order to improve the accuracy of the simulation results, various boundary conditions can be introduced for correction.

[0036] For example, terrain boundaries around the blasting area can be set in the model to simulate the blocking effect of mountains or gullies on vibrations. Furthermore, the energy scattering effect of fissures in the rock strata can be considered, and the influence of fissure distribution on vibration propagation can be simulated by adjusting model parameters. Through multi-scenario simulations, a more realistic vibration peak distribution map can be obtained, providing a reliable reference for subsequent parameter adjustments. This simulation method can, to some extent, reduce the potential risks of blasting operations to the surrounding environment.

[0037] Step S3: Based on the initial vibration peak distribution map and the preset safety threshold, determine whether the drilling depth needs to be adjusted, and determine the adjusted drilling depth parameters. The preset safety threshold is the upper limit of vibration intensity determined according to national standards and the vibration resistance of surrounding buildings, used to assess whether blasting vibration will cause damage to the surrounding environment.

[0038] Specifically, the vibration intensity values ​​at each location on the initial vibration peak distribution map are compared with the safety threshold one by one, with a focus on the vibration intensity near the blasting point and surrounding buildings. If the vibration peak values ​​in certain areas exceed the safety threshold, and the rock strata hardness is higher than expected, the drilling depth needs to be increased to shift the blasting energy release point downwards and reduce surface vibration intensity. The adjusted drilling depth parameters will serve as the basis for subsequent optimization of the charge quantity scheme.

[0039] Step S31: When determining whether the drilling depth needs to be adjusted, a multi-dimensional analysis should be conducted in conjunction with the vibration peak distribution map.

[0040] For example, in areas with high vibration intensity near the blasting point, the distribution of rock hardness is analyzed. If the rock hardness in this area is high, the blasting energy cannot be effectively diffused, causing vibrations to concentrate near the surface. In this case, the drilling depth needs to be increased, and the blasting point needs to be set at a deeper location to utilize the barrier effect of deeper rock layers to reduce surface vibrations. Furthermore, the vibration intensity at the location of nearby buildings must be considered. If the vibration peak at nearby buildings approaches or exceeds the safety threshold, the vibration impact also needs to be reduced by adjusting the drilling depth. In this way, the direction for adjusting the drilling depth can be preliminarily determined.

[0041] Step S32: When determining the adjusted borehole depth parameters, the rock hardness and vibration attenuation law should be taken into account.

[0042] For example, in hard rock formations, increasing the drilling depth results in the blasting energy being released deeper within the rock layer. As the vibration waves propagate to the surface, they are subjected to greater damping from the rock medium, significantly reducing their intensity. Different depth adjustment ranges can be set for rock formations of varying hardness; for example, a larger depth can be added to extremely hard rock formations, while a smaller depth can be added to moderately hard rock formations. The adjusted drilling depth parameters must be recorded and compared with the initial vibration peak distribution map to ensure that the adjusted vibration intensity remains below the safety threshold in critical areas.

[0043] Step S33: In order to verify the rationality of the adjusted borehole depth parameters, multiple simulations can be performed.

[0044] For example, updating the borehole depth parameters in the finite element model resimulates the blast energy distribution, generating a new vibration peak distribution map. By comparing the distribution maps before and after adjustment, the changes in vibration intensity in key areas are analyzed. If the adjusted vibration peak is still higher than the safety threshold, the depth is further increased or other parameter adjustments are combined until the safety requirements are met. This iterative verification method ensures the scientific validity and effectiveness of the borehole depth parameters, laying the foundation for subsequent optimization of the explosive charge.

[0045] In one possible implementation, for blasting areas with high rock hardness, the drilling depth adjustment scheme can be further optimized through multi-scenario simulation.

[0046] For example, in a mine blasting operation, rock hardness tests revealed a large area of ​​high-hardness granite within the blasting zone, and the initial vibration peak distribution map showed that the surface vibration intensity far exceeded the safety threshold. To address this, the borehole depth was first doubled, and the vibration distribution was re-simulated. It was found that the surface vibration intensity decreased somewhat but still did not meet the standards. Subsequently, the depth was further increased and the borehole angle adjusted to bring the blasting point closer to the deep fracture zone in the rock strata, utilizing the energy scattering effect of the fractures to further reduce the vibration intensity. After multiple adjustments and simulations, a reasonable borehole depth parameter was finally determined, ensuring that vibration was controlled within a safe range. This method can effectively reduce the impact of blasting on the surrounding environment under complex geological conditions.

[0047] It should be noted that the above steps, from data acquisition to vibration simulation and parameter adjustment, form a complete analysis and optimization process. The results of each step provide necessary data support for subsequent steps, ensuring the scientific validity and operability of the entire method. In particular, during the borehole depth adjustment process, multi-dimensional analysis and multiple simulation verifications can significantly improve the accuracy of parameter adjustment, providing a guarantee for the safe implementation of subsequent blasting operations.

[0048] In one embodiment, for blasting scenarios where surrounding buildings are relatively close, the analysis process of the vibration peak distribution map can be further refined.

[0049] For example, in a rock blasting operation on the outskirts of a city, the blasting point was only a few hundred meters from the nearest residential area. The initial vibration peak distribution map showed that the vibration intensity at the residential area was close to the upper limit of the safety threshold. In this situation, when analyzing the vibration distribution, the focus was on the vibration propagation path in the direction of the residential area, and topographic data was used to analyze whether there was a vibration amplification effect. Simultaneously, when adjusting the drilling depth, priority was given to the vibration control effect in that direction; the depth was appropriately increased, and the change in vibration intensity before and after the adjustment was recorded. Through this targeted analysis and adjustment, the impact of blasting operations on sensitive areas can be effectively reduced, ensuring the safety of surrounding residents.

[0050] Specifically, the above methods need to be flexibly adjusted according to the actual site conditions in practical applications.

[0051] For example, during the rock strata geological hardness data acquisition phase, if the field conditions are complex, the density of measuring points can be increased to improve data accuracy. During the vibration simulation phase, if a significant deviation is found between the model results and actual values, more boundary conditions can be introduced for correction. In this way, the analysis and adjustment process can be continuously optimized to ensure the applicability and reliability of the final solution.

[0052] In one possible implementation, for blasting operations of different types of rock strata, the drilling depth can be adjusted in layers.

[0053] For example, in an open-pit mine blasting project, the rock strata within the blasting area exhibited uneven hardness distribution, with a relatively soft surface layer of sandstone and a deeper layer of harder limestone. The initial vibration peak distribution map showed higher vibration intensity at the surface layer, while energy diffusion in the deeper layers was insufficient. To address this, the initial borehole depth was maintained for the surface rock strata to ensure that the blasting energy could effectively break the surface rock. Subsequently, for the deeper, harder rock strata, the borehole depth was gradually increased, allowing the blasting point to penetrate into the hard layer and utilizing the barrier effect of the deeper rock strata to reduce the surface vibration intensity. This layered adjustment approach can accommodate both the blasting needs and vibration control requirements of different rock strata.

[0054] It should be noted that the above embodiments and adjustments are all based on the actual needs of rock blasting operations. Through comprehensive analysis of geological conditions and the surrounding environment, the vibration control effect is ensured to meet expectations. In actual operation, the details of data acquisition and simulation analysis can be further optimized according to the specific characteristics of the project to adapt to the blasting operation requirements of different scenarios.

[0055] In one embodiment, for blasting scenarios involving high-hardness rock formations and complex terrain, auxiliary decision-making for adjusting borehole depth can be made by combining historical data.

[0056] For example, in a blasting operation in a mountainous area, the rock strata were extremely hard, and there were several steep slopes near the blasting point. The initial vibration peak distribution map showed that the vibration intensity was significantly amplified in the steep slope areas. To address this, historical blasting data was first retrieved to analyze the effect of adjusting the borehole depth under similar geological conditions. Then, combined with the current vibration distribution map, the depth adjustment range was determined. By comparing historical data and current simulation results, it was found that increasing the depth significantly reduced the vibration intensity in the steep slope areas, bringing it within a safe range. This method can leverage existing experience to improve adjustment efficiency while ensuring the scientific nature of vibration control.

[0057] Specifically, the above steps and embodiments provide a scientific basis for blasting operations through a comprehensive analysis of rock strata hardness, surrounding environment, and vibration distribution. Especially in the borehole depth adjustment stage, multi-scenario simulations and historical data references effectively address vibration control challenges under complex geological conditions, laying a solid foundation for subsequent parameter optimization.

[0058] In one possible implementation, to address the uneven distribution of rock hardness within the blasting area, the drilling depth can be adjusted in zones.

[0059] For example, in a large quarry blasting operation, the blasting area was divided into multiple sub-regions, each with significant differences in rock hardness. The initial vibration peak distribution map showed that the vibration intensity in the harder sub-regions was significantly higher than in other regions. To address this, the drilling depth was increased in the harder sub-regions, while the initial depth was maintained or slightly adjusted in the softer sub-regions. This zonal adjustment method allows for targeted control of the vibration intensity in each region, ensuring the overall safety of the blasting operation.

[0060] It should be noted that, in practical applications, the above method can be further improved by increasing the number of simulations and adjusting the parameter range to enhance the accuracy of vibration control.

[0061] For example, during the finite element analysis simulation phase, multiple combinations of drilling depth and charge quantity can be set to generate multiple sets of vibration peak distribution maps. Then, the results of each set can be compared to select the scheme with the lowest vibration intensity. In this way, better control can be achieved during the parameter adjustment phase, ensuring the safe implementation of blasting operations.

[0062] In one embodiment, for scenarios where there is a groundwater system near the blasting point, the influence of water bodies can be introduced into the vibration simulation and depth adjustment.

[0063] For example, in a blasting operation near a river, a groundwater layer exists below the blasting point. The initial vibration peak distribution map shows that the water layer amplifies the vibration propagation. To address this, water parameters are added to the finite element model to simulate the reflection and refraction effects of the water layer on the vibration waves. The drilling depth is then adjusted based on the simulation results to avoid the blasting point being too close to the water layer. This method effectively reduces the amplifying effect of the water layer on the vibration, ensuring the safety of the surrounding area.

[0064] Specifically, the above embodiments and adjustments, through analysis and optimization of various scenarios, ensure the applicability of the method under different geological conditions. Particularly in the vibration simulation and borehole depth adjustment stages, the introduction of multiple influencing factors and verification methods significantly improves the scientific rigor and reliability of the scheme, providing support for the smooth implementation of subsequent blasting operations.

[0065] In one possible implementation, for scenarios with a large blasting operation area and complex surrounding building distribution, a weight evaluation mechanism can be introduced into the vibration distribution analysis.

[0066] For example, in a blasting operation near an industrial park, several building complexes of varying importance are distributed around the blasting area. After generating an initial vibration peak distribution map, different safety weights are assigned to different buildings: important buildings such as hospitals or schools are assigned higher weights, while general industrial facilities are assigned lower weights. Subsequently, when analyzing vibration intensity and adjusting drilling depth, priority is given to ensuring that the vibration intensity in high-weight areas remains below the safety threshold. In this way, the safety of critical areas can be prioritized even with limited resources.

[0067] It should be noted that the above steps and embodiments, through detailed analysis of the geological conditions of the rock strata and the surrounding environment, provide comprehensive technical support for vibration control in blasting operations. Especially in the drilling depth adjustment stage, the combination of multi-dimensional analysis and various adjustment methods can effectively address vibration control needs in complex scenarios, ensuring operational safety and the stability of the surrounding environment.

[0068] In one embodiment, a dynamic update mechanism can be introduced during the data acquisition and vibration simulation stages to address potential sudden geological changes that may occur during blasting operations.

[0069] For example, in a long-term blasting project, the rock hardness data may change during the operation due to mining activities. To address this, before each blasting operation, hardness data for key areas is re-collected, the 3D geological model is updated, and then a new vibration peak distribution map is generated based on the updated model. If the vibration intensity exceeds expectations, the borehole depth parameters are adjusted promptly to ensure effective vibration control. This dynamic updating method adapts to changes in geological conditions and improves the flexibility of the method's application.

[0070] Specifically, the above-mentioned method provides a scientific and reliable vibration control scheme for rock blasting operations through a systematic design of data acquisition, vibration simulation, and parameter adjustment. Especially under complex geological and environmental conditions, the combination of various implementation methods and adjustment techniques can effectively reduce the impact of blasting vibration on the surrounding environment and ensure operational safety.

[0071] The vibration control method for rock blasting operations provided in this invention, based on the aforementioned steps, further generates final vibration control parameters and operation execution sequence by optimizing charge configuration and vibration propagation path prediction, thereby ensuring the safety of blasting operations and minimizing the impact on the surrounding environment. The implementation methods and specific embodiments of subsequent steps are described in detail below, with analysis and optimization processes conducted in conjunction with actual scenarios.

[0072] Step S4 involves extracting the blasting energy diffusion range from the adjusted borehole depth parameters and using an optimization algorithm to adjust the charge configuration scheme, resulting in a matched charge scheme. The blasting energy diffusion range refers to the size and intensity distribution of the area affected by blasting energy propagating in the rock strata, directly related to the borehole depth and the geological hardness of the rock strata. After determining the adjusted borehole depth parameters, it is necessary to re-analyze the diffusion characteristics of blasting energy in the rock strata, combining rock impedance and energy attenuation laws to determine a reasonable charge configuration scheme. The optimization algorithm simulates and evaluates various charge combinations to select a scheme that satisfies both the blasting effect and the vibration intensity control. The final charge scheme will comprehensively consider the rock strata characteristics to ensure the efficiency and safety of energy release.

[0073] Step S41: When extracting the blast energy diffusion range, a new simulation analysis needs to be performed based on the adjusted borehole depth parameters.

[0074] For example, updating the borehole depth value in the finite element model simulates the diffusion path of blasting energy released from deep layers, analyzing the energy distribution and attenuation trend within the rock strata. For harder rock strata, the energy diffusion range may be smaller, requiring adjustments to the charge quantity to increase energy concentration. Conversely, for softer rock strata, the energy diffusion range is larger, necessitating a reduction in the charge quantity to avoid excessive vibration intensity. This method allows for the preliminary determination of the blasting energy diffusion range, providing a basis for subsequent charge quantity optimization.

[0075] Step S42: When adjusting the charge configuration scheme, the rock impedance and energy attenuation characteristics must be comprehensively considered.

[0076] For example, rock stratum impedance refers to the ability of a rock stratum to impede the propagation of blasting energy, and is usually related to the hardness and density of the rock stratum. For rock strata with high impedance, energy decays faster, and the charge amount can be appropriately increased to ensure the blasting effect. Conversely, for rock strata with low impedance, energy decays slower, and the charge amount needs to be reduced to control vibration intensity. The optimization algorithm simulates various combinations of charge amounts, analyzes the changes in the blasting energy diffusion range and vibration intensity under each combination, and finally selects the optimal solution. This adjustment method can meet the blasting requirements while controlling the vibration impact within a reasonable range.

[0077] Step S43: In order to verify the rationality of the matched charge amount scheme, multiple rounds of simulation and comparative analysis can be carried out.

[0078] For example, by setting different charge values ​​in the model, the blast energy diffusion range and vibration intensity distribution are simulated respectively, generating multiple sets of comparative data. For each set of data, the blasting effect is analyzed to determine whether it meets expectations. For example, it's necessary to check whether the degree of rock fragmentation meets operational requirements, and simultaneously verify that the vibration intensity is below the safety threshold. If a conflict is found between a certain charge configuration and blasting effectiveness and vibration control, the charge value is further fine-tuned or adjusted in conjunction with borehole depth until a balance is achieved. This iterative optimization approach ensures the scientific validity and applicability of the charge configuration.

[0079] In one possible implementation, for blasting operations in high-hardness rock formations, the charge configuration scheme can be further optimized by using a segmented charging method.

[0080] For example, in a mining blasting project, the rock strata were extremely hard, and the adjusted borehole depth was relatively deep, resulting in a small energy diffusion range. To address this, a segmented charging method was adopted within the borehole, dividing the total charge into multiple segments distributed at different depths. The charge amount for each segment was precisely calculated based on the depth and rock hardness. Simulation analysis revealed that segmented charging resulted in more uniform energy release, better rock fragmentation, and a significant reduction in surface vibration intensity. This method effectively improves blasting efficiency and safety under complex geological conditions.

[0081] It should be noted that optimizing the charge configuration scheme not only relies on simulation analysis, but also requires flexible adjustments based on on-site conditions.

[0082] For example, in actual operations, if a deviation is found between the rock layer hardness distribution and the model prediction, a small-scale on-site blasting test can be conducted to verify the effectiveness of the charge quantity scheme. The scheme parameters can then be further adjusted based on the test results. This method ensures the reliability of the charge quantity scheme in practical applications, providing a guarantee for subsequent vibration prediction and control.

[0083] Step S5 involves simulating the vibration propagation path to predict peak value changes based on the matched charge quantity scheme and distance information to surrounding buildings. The predicted peak value is then determined to be below a preset safety threshold. Finally, the vibration control parameters are obtained through iterative optimization of the energy distribution method. The vibration propagation path refers to the path and intensity change of the blasting vibration wave from the blasting point to surrounding buildings, directly influenced by the charge quantity, borehole depth, and geological conditions. After determining the charge quantity scheme, numerical simulation is used to predict the peak value changes of the vibration wave during propagation, focusing on the vibration intensity at the location of surrounding buildings. If the predicted peak value is below the safety threshold, the scheme is confirmed as effective; otherwise, iterative optimization is needed by adjusting the energy distribution method, such as changing the charge structure or blasting sequence, until the safety requirements are met. The final vibration control parameters will serve as the guiding principle for operational implementation.

[0084] Step S51: When simulating the vibration propagation path, a comprehensive analysis should be conducted by combining the charge quantity plan and the distance information of surrounding buildings.

[0085] For example, by inputting matched charge parameters and adjusted borehole depth parameters into a finite element model, the propagation of blasting vibration waves from the blast point outwards can be simulated. During propagation, the vibration waves are affected by a combination of factors, including rock hardness, fracture distribution, and terrain conditions, causing their intensity to gradually decrease. Simulations can yield peak value variation curves of the vibration waves at different locations, with a focus on analyzing vibration intensity values ​​at locations near surrounding buildings. This simulation method can intuitively reflect the impact of blasting vibrations on the surrounding environment, providing a basis for subsequent assessments.

[0086] Step S52: When determining whether the predicted peak value is lower than the preset safety threshold, key areas need to be given special evaluation.

[0087] For example, the simulated peak vibration curve is compared point-by-point with the safety threshold to check whether the vibration intensity near the blasting point and surrounding buildings is within a safe range. If the peak values ​​in some areas exceed the threshold, the cause needs to be analyzed, such as whether the energy concentration is due to excessive charge or insufficient drilling depth. Subsequently, based on the analysis results, the relevant parameters are adjusted, and the vibration propagation path is resimulated until the peak values ​​in all critical areas are below the threshold. In this way, the safety of the blasting plan can be ensured.

[0088] In step S53, when iteratively optimizing the energy distribution method, the vibration control effect can be adjusted through various means.

[0089] For example, if the predicted peak value is higher than the safety threshold, the charge structure can be modified by changing the concentrated charge to a dispersed charge, resulting in a more uniform energy release and reducing the initial intensity of the vibration wave. Another approach is to adjust the blasting sequence, dividing a single blast into multiple smaller blasts, each releasing a smaller amount of energy, thus reducing the cumulative effect of vibration. Through multiple simulations and parameter adjustments, the optimal energy distribution method is selected, generating the final vibration control parameters. This optimization method can minimize the impact of vibration while ensuring the blasting effect.

[0090] In one possible implementation, for blasting scenarios with densely distributed surrounding buildings, energy distribution can be optimized through time-sharing blasting.

[0091] For example, in a blasting operation in the suburbs of a city, several residential areas were located around the blasting point, and predicted peak vibrations showed that the intensity in some areas was close to the upper limit of the safety threshold. To address this, the total charge was divided into multiple blasts, with each blast releasing only a portion of the energy. The blasting sequence was also adjusted to ensure that the vibration waves from consecutive blasts did not overlap. Simulation verification showed that the time-sharing blasting method effectively reduced the peak vibration, keeping the vibration intensity in all areas within a safe range. This method can significantly improve the safety of blasting operations in highly sensitive environments.

[0092] It should be noted that the simulation of vibration propagation paths and peak value prediction are crucial aspects of vibration control in blasting operations. Through multi-dimensional analysis and iterative optimization, the scientific validity and reliability of the final vibration control parameters can be ensured, providing precise guidance for subsequent operations. In practical applications, simulation results can be further corrected by incorporating on-site monitoring data to improve prediction accuracy.

[0093] Step S6 involves integrating rock strata geological hardness data with the final vibration control parameters to generate a blasting operation execution sequence and determining a configuration output to minimize environmental impact and guide the operation. The blasting operation execution sequence refers to the specific operational steps and parameter configurations for the blasting operation, including drilling depth, charge quantity, and blasting timing. After determining the final vibration control parameters, a detailed operation execution plan must be developed in conjunction with the rock strata geological hardness data to ensure effective blasting and vibration control while minimizing the impact on the surrounding environment. The final configuration output will be provided to the operators in written or electronic form as a guide for on-site implementation.

[0094] Step S61: When generating the blasting operation execution sequence, the final vibration control parameters need to be systematically organized.

[0095] For example, drilling depth parameters, charge quantity plans, and blasting sequence are arranged according to the work area and time order to form clear operational steps. For rock formations with different hardness levels, corresponding parameter configurations are developed to ensure that the blasting energy release matches the rock characteristics. Simultaneously, based on information about the distance to surrounding buildings, vibration control requirements for key areas are marked in the execution sequence, such as reducing blasting intensity or adjusting blasting time near sensitive buildings. This approach ensures the comprehensiveness and operability of the operational execution sequence.

[0096] Step S62: When determining the configuration output, the job execution sequence needs to be converted into a specific guidance document.

[0097] For example, the parameter configurations and operational steps in the execution sequence can be compiled into a work instruction manual, including the drilling depth, charge amount, initiation method, and precautions for each blasting point. Furthermore, instructions on vibration control parameters can be added to the manual to guide operators on how to monitor and adjust vibration intensity during implementation. Configuration outputs can also be stored electronically in the work management system for easy access and updates by on-site personnel in real time. This approach improves the standardization and efficiency of work implementation.

[0098] Step S63: To ensure the effectiveness of the configuration output, a small-scale test can be conducted before the operation is implemented.

[0099] For example, a representative sub-area can be selected within the blasting zone, and a test blast can be conducted according to the parameters in the configuration output, monitoring the blasting effect and vibration intensity. If the test results are consistent with expectations, the configuration output is confirmed to be effective and can be fully implemented; if deviations are found, the parameters are adjusted based on the test data, and the execution sequence and configuration output are updated. This verification method can further improve the reliability and safety of the operation plan.

[0100] In one possible implementation, for large-scale blasting projects, the work sequence can be optimized by executing operations in different zones.

[0101] For example, in a large-scale mining blasting project, the blasting area is large, the rock strata have complex hardness distributions, and surrounding buildings are unevenly distributed. To address this, the blasting area is divided into multiple sub-areas, and a work sequence is developed for each sub-area based on the rock hardness and vibration control requirements. For sub-areas close to buildings, smaller-scale blasts are prioritized to reduce vibration intensity; for sub-areas far from buildings, the blasting intensity can be appropriately increased to improve efficiency. By implementing a zoned execution approach, operational efficiency can be maximized while ensuring safety.

[0102] It should be noted that generating and configuring the blasting operation sequence is the final step in the entire vibration control method. By systematically integrating and optimizing the preliminary analysis results, the scientific validity and operability of the operation plan can be ensured. In practical applications, the execution sequence can be further adjusted based on on-site feedback to ensure that the vibration control effect achieves the expected results during operation.

[0103] In one embodiment, for scenarios where blasting operations are time-sensitive, operational efficiency can be improved by simplifying the execution sequence.

[0104] For example, in an emergency blasting project, time is limited and the blasting task needs to be completed as quickly as possible. In such cases, when generating the work execution sequence, parameter configurations with better vibration control are prioritized to reduce unnecessary testing and adjustment steps. Simultaneously, the work priorities are clearly stated in the configuration output, guiding operators to focus on completing the blasting tasks in critical areas. In this way, operational safety and vibration control effectiveness can be ensured within time constraints.

[0105] Specifically, the above steps, through a systematic design of charge quantity optimization, vibration prediction, and operation sequence generation, provide a comprehensive vibration control solution for rock blasting operations. Especially under complex environmental conditions, the combination of various implementation methods and optimization techniques can effectively address vibration control challenges, ensuring operational safety and the stability of the surrounding environment.

[0106] In one possible implementation, an emergency adjustment mechanism can be added to the configuration output to address any unforeseen circumstances that may occur during blasting operations.

[0107] For example, during blasting operations in a mountainous area, changes in weather or sudden shifts in geological conditions may cause vibration control to deviate from expectations. To address this, multiple emergency parameter combinations are preset in the configuration output, such as temporarily reducing the charge amount or adjusting the blasting sequence, ensuring that personnel can quickly adjust the plan in case of emergencies. This approach improves the adaptability and flexibility of the operational plan, ensuring that vibration control is unaffected by unforeseen factors.

[0108] It should be noted that the above methods, through scientific analysis and optimized design of blasting parameters, provide reliable technical support for rock blasting operations. Especially in the vibration prediction and operation execution stages, the combination of multi-dimensional simulation and various optimization methods can significantly improve the applicability and safety of the scheme, ensuring the smooth implementation of blasting operations.

[0109] In one embodiment, for scenarios where there are multiple rock structures within the blasting area, a layered blasting strategy can be introduced into the operation execution sequence.

[0110] For example, in a deep mine blasting operation, the rock strata within the blasting area are multi-layered, with significant differences in hardness and impedance between each layer. To address this, when generating the execution sequence, the charge quantity and blasting timing parameters are specifically designed for each rock layer to ensure that energy release matches the characteristics of the rock strata. Simultaneously, the configuration output clearly defines the operational steps for layered blasting, guiding operators to implement the blasting sequentially from shallow to deep. This approach effectively improves blasting results while controlling vibration intensity within safe limits.

[0111] Specifically, the above embodiments, through analysis and optimization of various blasting scenarios, ensure the applicability of the method under different geological and environmental conditions. Particularly in the stages of generating and configuring the operation execution sequence, the combination of systematic design and multiple implementation methods significantly improves the scientific rigor and reliability of the operation plan, providing support for the safe implementation of blasting operations.

[0112] In one possible implementation, monitoring guidance can be added to the configuration output to address the vibration monitoring requirements after blasting operations.

[0113] For example, in a blasting project in a certain city, long-term monitoring of the vibration impact on surrounding buildings is required after the operation. To address this, the configuration output clearly specifies the location and frequency of vibration monitoring points, guiding personnel to record vibration data before and after blasting. Simultaneously, an emergency response procedure for abnormal vibration situations is pre-set to ensure timely remedial measures can be taken when abnormal vibrations are detected. This approach further improves the safety of blasting operations and the protection of the surrounding environment.

[0114] It should be noted that the above steps and embodiments, through the systematic design and optimization of the entire blasting operation process, provide comprehensive technical support for vibration control. Especially in complex scenarios, the combination of various analysis methods and optimization approaches can effectively address vibration control challenges, ensuring operational safety and the stability of the surrounding environment.

[0115] The present invention also provides a vibration control system for blasting during lock excavation, comprising: Data acquisition module: responsible for collecting the basic data required for blasting vibration control, including: Geological data acquisition: Physical and mechanical parameters of rock strata, such as hardness (compressive strength), density, wave velocity, and fracture distribution, are obtained through geological drilling, acoustic testing, and other means. Environmental data collection: Through field measurements and GIS (Geographic Information System), obtain the distance, elevation difference, topography, structural type and basic information of the blasting point and surrounding buildings (such as lock structures, residences, and infrastructure); Vibration Simulation and Prediction Module: Based on the collected data, a digital model is constructed to simulate the blasting process and predict the vibration effects, including: 3D geological modeling: Utilizing geological data, constructing a 3D geological model including rock strata and attribute parameters; Finite element analysis: Setting blasting parameters (initial or optimized) in the model to simulate the distribution, propagation path, and attenuation of blasting energy; Generating vibration peak distribution maps: Calculate and visualize the vibration intensity distribution across the entire area, visually displaying the extent and degree of its impact on the surrounding environment. Parameter optimization and decision-making module: This module is responsible for analyzing simulation results and intelligently adjusting blasting parameters to meet safety requirements, including: Safety threshold comparison: The simulated and predicted vibration peak value is compared with the preset safety threshold (based on national standards and building vibration resistance). Drilling depth optimization: If the predicted vibration exceeds the standard, first determine and calculate the optimal drilling depth, and reduce the surface vibration by shifting the blasting energy center downward and utilizing the rock layer damping effect. Charge optimization: After determining the drilling depth, an optimization algorithm is used to adjust the charge amount and charge structure (such as segmented charge) to balance the blasting effect and vibration control. Optimization of blasting timing: In complex environments, design time-sharing and batch blasting schemes to avoid the superposition of vibration waves and further reduce peak values. Solution generation and output module: Transforms optimization decisions into executable work instructions, including: Operation execution sequence generation: Integrate all final parameters and rock strata data to generate a detailed, step-by-step blasting operation execution sequence; Configuration output: Generates work instructions, blasting parameter tables, vibration monitoring point layout diagrams, and other documents to guide on-site construction; Emergency plan preset: Preset emergency adjustment parameter combinations for possible emergencies.

[0116] Execution and Monitoring Feedback Module: Responsible for the on-site execution of the solution and collecting actual data to verify and correct the system, forming a closed loop, including: Plan Implementation: Guide construction personnel to perform drilling, charging, and blasting according to the generated work sequence; Real-time monitoring: During blasting, vibration sensors are used to monitor the actual vibration data at key locations in real time; Feedback and correction: Compare the monitoring data with the predicted data.

[0117] The data acquisition module transmits the processed geological and environmental data to the vibration simulation and prediction module. The vibration simulation and prediction module uses this data to perform simulations and sends the prediction results (vibration distribution map) to the parameter optimization and decision-making module. The parameter optimization and decision-making module judges and optimizes based on the prediction results and safety thresholds, and then sends the optimized parameters back to the vibration simulation and prediction module for verification, forming an iterative optimization closed loop until the optimal solution is found. After optimization, the final parameters are transmitted to the scheme generation and output module to generate an executable operation plan. This system transforms the complex blasting vibration control process from one that relies on experience to a modern engineering system that is data-driven, model-simulated, intelligently decision-making, and closed-loop optimized. It is suitable for major projects such as lock excavation, which have extremely high requirements for safety and precision.

[0118] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0119] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for controlling blasting vibration during lock excavation, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Collect data on the geological hardness of the rock strata and the distance to surrounding buildings; S2. Simulate the blast energy distribution through finite element analysis to generate an initial vibration peak distribution map; S3. Based on the initial vibration peak distribution map and the preset safety threshold, determine whether the drilling depth needs to be adjusted, and determine the adjusted drilling depth parameters. S4. Extract the blasting energy diffusion range from the adjusted borehole depth parameters, and use an optimization algorithm to adjust the charge configuration scheme to obtain a matched charge scheme. S5. Based on the matched charge amount scheme and the distance information of surrounding buildings, simulate the vibration propagation path to predict the peak value change, determine whether the predicted peak value is lower than the preset safety threshold, and obtain the final vibration control parameters by iteratively optimizing the energy distribution method. S6. By integrating rock geological hardness data through final vibration control parameters, a blasting operation execution sequence is generated, and configuration outputs to reduce the impact on the surrounding area are determined to guide the operation.

2. The method and system for controlling blasting vibration during lock excavation according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S1 also includes: S11. Collect rock strata geological hardness data at different locations; S12. Use a laser rangefinder to locate the position of each building and record the straight-line distance from the blasting point to the building and the relative height difference.

3. The method for controlling blasting vibration during lock excavation according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S2 also includes: S21. Finite element analysis divides the blasting area into multiple small units to simulate the propagation and attenuation of blasting energy in the rock strata. S22. When simulating the distribution of blasting energy, confirm the location of the blast point and the initial parameter settings; S23. Through multi-scenario simulation, the actual vibration peak distribution map is obtained.

4. The method for controlling blasting vibration during lock excavation according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step S21, the blasting energy can be divided into multiple depth layers, and each layer is assigned different mechanical parameter values ​​based on the hardness test results; in step S22, the blasting point is set in the middle of the rock layer in the model, the drilling depth is a certain value, and the charge amount is a preliminary estimate.

5. The method for controlling blasting vibration during lock excavation according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S3 also includes: S31. Combine the vibration peak distribution map to conduct multi-dimensional analysis and determine whether the drilling depth needs to be adjusted. S32. Determine the adjusted borehole depth parameters based on the rock hardness and vibration attenuation law; S33. Verify the rationality of the adjusted borehole depth parameters.

6. The method for controlling blasting vibration during lock excavation according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S4 also includes: S41. Based on the adjusted borehole depth parameters, perform a new simulation analysis to extract the range of blast energy diffusion. S42. Adjust the charge configuration scheme according to the rock strata impedance and energy attenuation characteristics.

7. The method for controlling blasting vibration during lock excavation according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S5 also includes: S51. Combine the charge quantity plan and the distance information of surrounding buildings to analyze and simulate the vibration propagation path; S52. Conduct a focused assessment of key areas to determine whether the predicted peak value is lower than the preset safety threshold. S53. The energy distribution method is iteratively optimized by adjusting the vibration control effect.

8. The method for controlling blasting vibration during lock excavation according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S51, the matched charge quantity parameters and adjusted borehole depth parameters are input into the finite element model to simulate the process of blasting vibration waves propagating from the blast point to the surrounding area; in step S52, the simulated vibration peak curve is compared with the safety threshold point by point to check whether the vibration intensity near the blast point and the surrounding buildings is within the safe range; in step S53, if the predicted peak value is higher than the safety threshold, the charge structure is changed from concentrated charge to dispersed charge to reduce the initial intensity of the vibration wave.

9. The method for controlling blasting vibration during lock excavation according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S6 further includes: S61. When generating the blasting operation execution sequence, the final vibration control parameters are systematically organized. S62. Transform the job execution sequence into a specific guidance document and determine the configuration output.

10. A vibration control system for blasting during lock excavation, characterized in that: include: Data acquisition module: responsible for collecting the basic data required for blasting vibration control, including: Geological data acquisition: Obtain physical and mechanical parameters of rock strata, such as hardness, density, wave velocity, and fracture distribution, through geological drilling and acoustic testing; Environmental data collection: Through on-site measurements and GIS, obtain information on the distance, elevation difference, topography, structural type, and basic information of the blasting point and surrounding buildings; Vibration Simulation and Prediction Module: Based on the collected data, a digital model is constructed to simulate the blasting process and predict the vibration effects, including: 3D geological modeling: Utilizing geological data, constructing a 3D geological model including rock strata and attribute parameters; Finite element analysis: Setting blasting parameters in the model to simulate the distribution, propagation path, and attenuation of blasting energy; Generating vibration peak distribution maps: Calculate and visualize the vibration intensity distribution across the entire area, visually displaying the extent and degree of its impact on the surrounding environment. Parameter optimization and decision-making module: This module is responsible for analyzing simulation results and intelligently adjusting blasting parameters to meet safety requirements, including: Safety threshold comparison: Compare the simulated and predicted vibration peak value with the preset safety threshold; Drilling depth optimization: If the predicted vibration exceeds the standard, first determine and calculate the optimal drilling depth, and reduce the surface vibration by shifting the blasting energy center downward and utilizing the rock layer damping effect. Charge optimization: After determining the drilling depth, an optimization algorithm is used to adjust the charge amount and charge structure to balance the blasting effect and vibration control. Optimization of blasting sequence: In complex environments, design time-sharing and batch blasting schemes to avoid the superposition of vibration waves and further reduce peak values; Solution generation and output module: Transforms optimization decisions into executable work instructions, including: Operation execution sequence generation: Integrate all final parameters and rock strata data to generate a detailed, step-by-step blasting operation execution sequence; Configuration output: Generates work instructions, blasting parameter tables, vibration monitoring point layout diagrams, and other documents to guide on-site construction; Emergency plan presets: Pre-set combinations of emergency adjustment parameters to address possible unforeseen circumstances; Execution and Monitoring Feedback Module: Responsible for the on-site execution of the solution and collecting actual data to verify and correct the system, forming a closed loop, including: Plan Implementation: Guide construction personnel to perform drilling, charging, and blasting according to the generated work sequence; Real-time monitoring: During blasting, vibration sensors are used to monitor the actual vibration data at key locations in real time; Feedback and correction: Compare the monitoring data with the predicted data.

Images