A protection device for a temperature sensor with fast temperature response

Abstract

This invention discloses a protection device for a temperature sensor with rapid temperature response, relating to the field of temperature measurement and equipment protection technology. It addresses the problems of existing sensors in high-temperature, high-pressure, large-diameter pipelines, such as easy damage and detachment due to wind loads, weak sealing and pressure resistance leading to leakage, and delayed temperature response. The protection device includes: a protective sleeve, one end welded to the pipeline with a wall thickness greater than the rest; an opening positioning sleeve installed at the bottom of the protective sleeve, with a guide support hole section contacting the upper part of the sensor armor; an opening sealing plate fixed to the bottom of the opening positioning sleeve, forming a closed annular cavity with the opening positioning sleeve to accommodate the sensor's temperature-sensing head and collect any detached material; a venting structure formed on the opening positioning sleeve and the opening sealing plate and communicating with the closed annular cavity; and a double sealing structure located between the sensor and the protective sleeve. This invention can be used for the protection of temperature sensors in high-temperature, high-pressure, large-diameter pipelines.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of temperature measurement and equipment protection technology, specifically to a protection device for a temperature sensor with rapid temperature response. This device is particularly suitable for large-diameter air pipeline systems in aerospace and aviation ground test rigs that provide high-temperature and high-pressure simulated environments for test specimens. It can also be widely used in industrial fields such as non-ferrous metallurgy and chemical engineering that require temperature monitoring of high-temperature and high-pressure fluids. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of my country's aerospace industry, the demand for research and development of core equipment such as high-performance aero-engines and aerospace propulsion systems is becoming increasingly urgent. The performance verification and reliability testing of these core equipment rely heavily on ground-based test rigs, and the technical level of these test rigs directly determines the efficiency and quality of equipment development. Among these, the large-diameter air pipeline system, as a key carrier providing a high-temperature and high-pressure simulated environment for the test specimen, requires precise monitoring of its operational status.

[0003] During the operation of the ground test rig, the test specimen needs to obtain high-temperature and high-pressure air through a dedicated air pipeline network to simulate the actual working environment. The temperature parameter of the medium inside the large-diameter pipeline is a core indicator for evaluating the test status and ensuring the safety of the test specimen; therefore, the stable operation and data accuracy of the temperature sensor are particularly critical. However, the application of existing temperature sensors under such extreme conditions suffers from three major drawbacks, which have become significant bottlenecks restricting the reliability of the test: First, insufficient structural strength. To ensure measurement accuracy, the sensor needs a relatively long insertion depth to reach the center of the fluid in the pipe. Under the strong wind load of high-temperature, high-velocity fluid, the slender armored protective rod of the sensor is prone to bending, damage, or even detachment due to insufficient strength. Once the sensor detaches and enters the pipe, it may cause serious damage to the test specimen.

[0004] Secondly, the sealing performance is weak. Traditional sensor installations typically rely solely on a flat sealing gasket between the mounting base and the sensor for sealing. This single-plane sealing structure has weak pressure-bearing capacity under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions, and is prone to seal failure due to thermal deformation or pressure fluctuations, leading to high-temperature and high-pressure fluid leakage, which poses a serious threat to the safety of testing equipment and personnel.

[0005] Third, temperature response hysteresis. To protect the sensor from direct fluid impact, a protective sleeve is usually installed. However, a certain gap exists between the conventional protective sleeve and the sensor. The air within this gap forms an insulating layer, significantly slowing down the time it takes for heat to transfer from the medium to the sensor. This results in a substantial decrease in temperature response speed, with the measured data lagging significantly behind the actual temperature changes of the medium. This causes experimental data deviation, failing to accurately reflect the operating state of the test specimen and posing potential safety hazards. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Based on the above analysis, the present invention aims to provide a protection device for a temperature sensor with fast temperature response, in order to solve one of the technical problems of insufficient structural strength, weak sealing performance and sluggish temperature measurement response in the prior art.

[0007] The objective of this invention is mainly achieved through the following technical solutions: This invention provides a protection device for a temperature sensor with rapid temperature response, used to protect the temperature sensor in a pipeline. The protection device includes a protective sleeve, an opening positioning sleeve, and a sealing structure. The protective sleeve is welded to the pipe and has an internal cavity to accommodate the temperature sensor. The perforated positioning sleeve is installed at the bottom end of the protective sleeve; A sealing structure is provided between the temperature sensor and the protective sleeve to seal the gap between the temperature sensor and the protective sleeve.

[0008] Furthermore, the cavity inside the protective sleeve is a stepped hole.

[0009] Furthermore, the opening positioning sleeve includes a positioning connecting section and a ventilation main body section.

[0010] Furthermore, the positioning connecting segment is used to cooperate with the inner wall of the protective sleeve to achieve the connection between the two.

[0011] Furthermore, the interior of the perforated positioning sleeve is provided with a through-hole of varying diameter along the axial direction.

[0012] Furthermore, the sealing structure includes a planar sealing assembly and a circumferential sealing assembly.

[0013] Furthermore, the planar sealing assembly is disposed between the end face of the temperature sensor and the sensor mounting end of the protective sleeve.

[0014] Furthermore, the circumferential sealing assembly is disposed between the temperature sensor and the inner wall of the sealing hole section of the protective sleeve.

[0015] Furthermore, the circumferential sealing assembly includes a circumferential sealing ring and a sealing retainer ring for axially compressing the circumferential sealing ring.

[0016] Furthermore, the circumferential sealing assembly includes two circumferential sealing rings and two sealing retaining rings arranged axially at intervals.

[0017] Furthermore, the stepped hole, from top to bottom, includes a positioning hole section, a sealing hole section, a contact support hole section, and a main body receiving hole section.

[0018] Furthermore, the positioning hole section is used to accommodate and position the mounting connection part of the temperature sensor; the sealing hole section is used to accommodate the sealing structure; the contact support hole section is used to contact and support the armor of the temperature sensor; and the main body receiving hole section is used to accommodate the main body part of the armor of the temperature sensor.

[0019] Furthermore, the variable diameter through hole consists of a guide support hole section and a vent hole section from top to bottom. The diameter of the guide support hole section is adapted to the outer diameter of the armor of the temperature sensor and forms a contact fit, which is used to provide radial support and limit the temperature sensor. The vent hole section is used to accommodate the temperature sensing head of the temperature sensor.

[0020] Furthermore, the protective device also includes an opening sealing plate, which is a circular plate structure, fixed to the bottom end of the opening positioning sleeve, and together with the opening positioning sleeve to form a closed ring cavity for accommodating the temperature sensing head of the temperature sensor.

[0021] Furthermore, the outer wall of the ventilated main body section is provided with a plurality of circumferentially distributed positioning sleeve vent holes, and the opening sealing plate is provided with a plurality of sealing plate vent holes.

[0022] Furthermore, the protection device also includes a ventilation structure, which includes the vent hole of the positioning sleeve and the vent hole of the sealing plate, for connecting the closed annular cavity with the medium in the pipeline.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can achieve at least one of the following beneficial effects: 1. Preventing sensor breakage and detachment: The contact support hole section of the protective sleeve is used for contact support with the armor body of the temperature sensor, and the guide support hole section of the perforated positioning sleeve is also used for contact support with the armor body of the temperature sensor. Through the setting of the protective sleeve and the perforated positioning sleeve, and the contact support formed by the contact support hole section of the protective sleeve and the guide support hole section of the perforated positioning sleeve at the upper and lower parts of the temperature sensor respectively, the huge wind load that originally acted directly on the temperature sensor is transferred to the stronger protective device body. This avoids the slender armor protection rod of the temperature sensor being directly subjected to force, thereby avoiding the problem of the temperature sensor being damaged and detached due to insufficient strength, and reducing the risk of test specimen accidents caused by this.

[0024] 2. Achieve dual reliable sealing: A dual sealing structure with both planar and circumferential sealing is set between the temperature sensor and the protective sleeve, which improves the pressure resistance and sealing reliability of the connection between the temperature sensor and the pipeline, and solves the technical problem of fluid leakage along the installation gap of the temperature sensor under high temperature and high pressure conditions.

[0025] 3. Achieve rapid temperature response: A ventilation structure connected to the annular cavity structure is opened on the protection device, breaking the air insulation layer formed in this area by the traditional protection structure. This promotes convection between the high-temperature and high-pressure medium in the annular cavity and the medium in the pipeline, allowing the heat of the medium to be quickly transferred to the head of the temperature sensor. Thus, while achieving physical protection, the sensor can respond quickly to changes in the medium temperature, reducing test deviations and safety risks caused by temperature measurement data delays.

[0026] 4. Enhanced system safety: The relatively closed annular cavity structure formed by the opening positioning sleeve and the opening sealing plate also has a physical isolation function. Even if the temperature sensor head is damaged due to extreme working conditions, its debris will be confined within the annular cavity structure and will not fall into the downstream pipeline, thereby avoiding possible secondary accidents and providing additional safety protection for the test piece.

[0027] 5. Reduce pipeline stress concentration: The wall thickness of the upper part of the protective sleeve at the weld is designed to be greater than that of other parts. By locally thickening the weld of the protective sleeve, the stress concentration level of the pipeline at the opening is effectively reduced, thereby improving the overall structural strength and fatigue life of the pipeline system. Attached Figure Description

[0028] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. Throughout the drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same parts.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the protection device for the temperature sensor with rapid temperature response according to the present invention; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A magnified view of part I in the middle; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the protective sleeve of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the perforated positioning sleeve of the present invention.

[0030] Figure label: 1-Temperature sensor; 2-Pipe; 3-Protective sleeve; 31-Upper part of protective sleeve; 32-Lower part of protective sleeve; 33-Stepped hole; 331-Positioning hole section; 332-Sealing hole section; 333-Contact support hole section; 334-Main body receiving hole section; 4-Opening positioning sleeve; 41-Positioning connection section; 42-Ventilation main body section; 43-Positioning sleeve vent hole; 44-Guide support hole section; 45-Ventilation hole section; 5-Opening sealing plate; 6-Flat sealing ring; 7-Sealing retaining ring; 8-Circumferential sealing ring; 9-Closed annular cavity. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which form part of the present invention and are used together with the invention to illustrate the principles of the invention.

[0032] like Figure 1 The diagram shows a protective device for a temperature sensor with rapid temperature response, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. This protective device is used to mount the temperature sensor 1 onto a large-diameter high-temperature, high-pressure pipeline 2, and is applied in large-diameter air network systems of aerospace and aviation ground test rigs that provide a high-temperature, high-pressure simulated environment for test specimens. The temperature sensor 1 typically includes an upper mounting connection, a lower armored body, and a temperature-sensing head for sensing temperature.

[0033] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the protection device for the temperature sensor with rapid temperature response in this preferred embodiment includes a protective sleeve 3, an opening positioning sleeve 4, a planar sealing assembly, and a circumferential sealing assembly. The planar sealing assembly uses a planar sealing ring 6, and the circumferential sealing assembly uses a sealing retaining ring 7 and a circumferential sealing ring 8.

[0034] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 3The protective sleeve 3 serves as the mounting base for the entire device. It has a tubular structure, with the upper part 31 having a cylindrical outer contour and the lower part 32 having a conical outer contour. The upper part 31 of the protective sleeve is fixed to the pipe 2 by welding. To enhance the strength of the welded area and address stress concentration at the opening in the pipe 2, the wall thickness of the upper part 31 at the weld is designed to be greater than that of other parts. This design not only enhances the strength of the welded area but also effectively disperses stress concentration at the opening in the pipe 2, improving the overall structural stability and fatigue life of the pipe 2 under high temperature and high pressure conditions, and solving the technical problem of cracking caused by excessive local stress. The protective sleeve 3 has a coaxial stepped hole 33 inside along its axis. From top to bottom, the stepped hole 33 consists of: a positioning hole section 331 at the top with the largest diameter, used to accommodate and position the mounting connection part of the temperature sensor 1; a sealing hole section 332 below the positioning hole section 331 with a central diameter, used to accommodate the circumferential sealing assembly; a contact support hole section 333 below the sealing hole section 332 with the smallest diameter, used for contact support with the armor body of the temperature sensor 1; and a main body receiving hole section 334 at the bottom of the stepped hole 33, with the same diameter as the sealing hole section 332 and the longest axial length, used to accommodate the main body of the armor body of the temperature sensor 1. The positioning hole section 331 and the mounting connection part of the temperature sensor 1 form a radial limit, ensuring that the sensor remains coaxial during insertion, providing an accurate installation reference for subsequent sealing and support structures, and avoiding seal failure or uneven stress due to installation deviations. The contact support hole section 333 forms the first support point with the armor body, effectively sharing the force of the armor body and preventing the sensor from bending and deforming due to excessive cantilever length.

[0035] like Figure 4As shown, the perforated positioning sleeve 4 is a rotating structure, consisting of two coaxially distributed solid parts: the upper part is a positioning connecting section 41 with a smaller diameter, used to connect with the inner wall of the protective sleeve 3. The tight fit between the positioning connecting section 41 and the inner wall of the protective sleeve 3 ensures the coaxiality of the perforated positioning sleeve 4 and the protective sleeve 3, thereby ensuring that the temperature sensing head of the temperature sensor 1 can accurately enter the closed ring cavity 9, avoiding installation difficulties or structural interference caused by misalignment; the lower part is a venting main body section 42 with a larger diameter, on which multiple circumferentially distributed positioning sleeve vent holes 43 are opened, used to connect the internal cavity of the perforated positioning sleeve 4 with the medium in the pipe 2 to achieve rapid temperature exchange. The interior of the perforated positioning sleeve 4 has a through-hole with a variable diameter along the axial direction. From top to bottom, the variable diameter through-hole consists of a guide support hole section 44 with a smaller diameter and a vent hole section 45 with a larger diameter. Both the guide support hole section 44 and the vent hole section 45 are coaxially distributed with the outer contour of the perforated positioning sleeve 4. The diameter of the guide support hole section 44 is adapted to the outer diameter of the armor body of the temperature sensor 1, and the two form a contact fit to provide radial support and limit the temperature sensor 1, ensuring that the temperature sensor 1 and the opening positioning sleeve 4 remain coaxial. Moreover, the contact fit between the guide support hole section 44 and the armor body forms a second support point on the upper part of the temperature sensor 1, which together with the contact support hole section 333 constitutes a double-support structure, significantly improving the sensor's vibration resistance and positional stability under high-speed fluid impact, and avoiding local wear or fatigue damage caused by excessive force on a single support point. The vent section 45 is used to accommodate the temperature sensing head of the temperature sensor 1, and the high-temperature medium in the pipe 2 is directly introduced into the vent section 45 through the vent hole 43 of the positioning sleeve, so that the medium and the temperature sensing head form forced convection heat exchange, which greatly shortens the heat transfer path, eliminates the air insulation layer in the traditional protective structure, realizes the instantaneous response of the temperature sensing head to the temperature change of the medium, and solves the problem of temperature measurement response lag in the prior art.

[0036] Furthermore, the protective device also includes an opening sealing plate 5, which is a circular plate structure with multiple vent holes. The opening sealing plate 5 is fixed to the bottom end of the venting main body section 42 of the opening positioning sleeve 4, and a relatively closed closed annular cavity 9 is formed between the opening sealing plate 5 and the venting main body section 42 of the opening positioning sleeve 4 (see...). Figure 1The temperature sensor 1's sensing head extends into the closed annular cavity 9 by passing precisely through the guide support hole 44 of the perforated positioning sleeve 4. This ensures that even if the sensing head breaks or is damaged due to insufficient strength under extreme high temperature and pressure conditions, any debris will be confined within the closed annular cavity 9 and will not enter the downstream pipeline with the high-speed fluid, thus avoiding the risk of secondary accidents caused by debris damaging the test specimen. Furthermore, the closed annular cavity 9 not only provides safety protection by containing debris, but its relatively enclosed structure also reduces the direct impact of high-speed fluid on the sensing head, acting as a buffer and protector, and extending the sensor's service life. In addition, the vent holes of the sealing plate and the positioning sleeve work together to form an airflow channel penetrating the closed annular cavity 9, preventing flow dead zones within the cavity and ensuring that the medium throughout the cavity remains in a flowing state. This further improves heat exchange efficiency and the uniformity of temperature measurement response, solving the problem of sluggish temperature measurement response in existing technologies.

[0037] In terms of structural protection, the contact support hole section 333 of the protective sleeve 3 and the guide support hole section 44 of the opening positioning sleeve 4 form contact supports at the upper and lower parts of the temperature sensor 1, respectively. When the high-temperature, high-speed fluid impacts the temperature sensor 1, the resulting huge wind load acts directly on the protective sleeve 3 and the opening positioning sleeve 4. Since the protective sleeve 3, the opening positioning sleeve 4, and the opening sealing plate 5 are fixedly connected to each other, forming a relatively closed and strong whole, the external force is transferred to the main body of the protection device, avoiding the direct force on the armored protective rod of the temperature sensor 1 itself. This effectively solves the problem of damage and detachment of the temperature sensor in large-diameter pipelines due to the long insertion depth and insufficient strength of the armored protective rod under high temperature and high flow rate, thus avoiding the risk of test specimen accidents caused by this.

[0038] In terms of temperature response, the vent hole 43 on the positioning sleeve 4 and the vent hole on the sealing plate 5 directly connect the closed annular cavity 9 with the medium in the pipe 2. Their function is to break the airtightness of the closed annular cavity 9, avoid the formation of an air insulation layer, and promote the flow of the medium into the annular cavity, so that the high-temperature medium can directly exchange heat with the temperature sensing head of the temperature sensor 1. Thus, while realizing the sensor protection function, it ensures the sensor's rapid response to the medium temperature, and solves the problem of test data deviation caused by temperature measurement data delay and the risk to the test piece.

[0039] Furthermore, regarding the sealing structure, this device employs a dual-sealing design to address fluid leakage under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions. The first seal is a planar seal: a planar sealing ring 6 is installed between the mounting flange face of the temperature sensor 1 and the sensor mounting end face of the protective sleeve 3, and is tightened by fasteners to form a planar seal. The second seal is a circumferential seal: a circumferential sealing ring 8 is installed in the annular gap between the temperature sensor 1 and the inner wall of the sealing hole section 332 of the protective sleeve 3, and is axially compressed by the sealing retainer ring 7, causing the circumferential sealing ring 8 to expand radially, thereby achieving a tight circumferential seal. This dual-sealing structure replaces the traditional single planar seal, effectively improving the pressure-bearing capacity of the connection between the sensor and the pipeline. The dual design of planar and circumferential seals forms a multi-level protective barrier: the planar seal blocks most of the leakage of high-pressure media, while the circumferential seal forms a radial seal between the sensor and the protective sleeve. Even if the planar seal experiences minor leakage under extreme conditions, the circumferential seal can still effectively block the leakage path, further improving the overall sealing reliability. Preferably, as follows... Figure 2 As shown, two sealing rings 7 and two circumferential sealing rings 8 are provided and arranged axially at intervals to enhance the sealing effect. The two circumferential sealing rings 8 arranged axially at intervals form a double circumferential sealing defense line, further improving the redundancy and reliability of the seal; at the same time, the spaced arrangement structure creates a closed intermediate cavity between the two circumferential sealing rings 8. Even if the first circumferential seal leaks, the intermediate cavity can still play a buffering and pressure-reducing role, reducing the pressure burden on the second seal.

[0040] The installation process of this device is as follows: First, align the welding end of the protective sleeve 3 with the opening on the pipe 2 and weld it (a bevel welding structure can be used). Then, place the circumferential sealing ring 8 and the sealing retaining ring 7 into the protective sleeve 3 in sequence. Next, insert the temperature sensor 1 into the protective sleeve 3, so that its head passes through the opening positioning sleeve 4 and enters the closed ring cavity 9, until its lower armor body contacts the opening sealing plate 5 and its upper mounting connection part contacts the opening positioning sleeve 4. Finally, place the flat sealing ring 6 on the mounting end face and press and fix the temperature sensor 1 with nuts and other fasteners to complete the installation.

[0041] In summary, this device, through its integrated positioning support, double sealing, and forced convection structure, effectively solves the three major problems that have long existed in temperature monitoring of large-diameter, high-temperature, and high-pressure pipelines: easy sensor damage, easy leakage, and slow response. It has extremely high practical value and safety, and is of great significance to promoting the research and development of aero-engines. At the same time, it can also serve as a reference for other industries with similar mechanisms.

[0042] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A protection device for a temperature sensor with rapid temperature response, used to protect a temperature sensor (1) in a pipe (2), characterized in that, The protective device includes a protective sleeve (3), an opening positioning sleeve (4), and a sealing structure; The protective sleeve (3) is welded to the pipe (2) and has an internal cavity to accommodate the temperature sensor (1); The perforated positioning sleeve (4) is installed at the bottom end of the protective sleeve (3); A sealing structure is provided between the temperature sensor (1) and the protective sleeve (3) to seal the gap between the temperature sensor (1) and the protective sleeve (3).

2. The protection device for the temperature sensor with fast temperature response according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cavity inside the protective sleeve (3) is a stepped hole (33).

3. The protection device for the temperature sensor with fast temperature response according to claim 1, characterized in that, The opening positioning sleeve (4) includes a positioning connecting section (41) and a ventilation main body section (42).

4. The protection device for the temperature sensor with fast temperature response according to claim 3, characterized in that, The positioning connection section (41) is used to cooperate with the inner wall of the protective sleeve (3) to achieve the connection between the two.

5. The protection device for the temperature sensor with fast temperature response according to claim 4, characterized in that, The opening positioning sleeve (4) has a through-hole with a variable diameter along the axial direction inside.

6. The protection device for the temperature sensor with fast temperature response according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sealing structure includes a planar sealing component and a circumferential sealing component.

7. The protection device for the temperature sensor with fast temperature response according to claim 6, characterized in that, The planar sealing assembly is disposed between the end face of the temperature sensor (1) and the sensor mounting end of the protective sleeve (3).

8. The protection device for the temperature sensor with fast temperature response according to claim 7, characterized in that, The circumferential sealing assembly is disposed between the temperature sensor (1) and the inner wall of the sealing hole section (332) of the protective sleeve (3).

9. The protection device for the temperature sensor with fast temperature response according to claim 8, characterized in that, The circumferential sealing assembly includes a circumferential sealing ring (8) and a sealing retainer (7) for axially compressing the circumferential sealing ring (8).

10. The protection device for the temperature sensor with fast temperature response according to claim 9, characterized in that, The circumferential sealing assembly includes two circumferential sealing rings (8) and two sealing retaining rings (7) arranged axially at intervals.

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