A geotechnical and underground engineering optical measurement static-dynamic comprehensive model test platform

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of geotechnical engineering test, and particularly relates to a kind of geotechnical and underground engineering optical measurement static and dynamic comprehensive model test platform, comprising: vibration isolation test platform module, for providing stable base surface;Counterforce frame module, by bottom plate, strip filament column, adjustable secondary beam, slidable main beam, provide three-dimensional adjustable bearing counterforce structure;Static and dynamic loading module, with electric cylinder servo actuator as core, can carry out vertical or horizontal static or dynamic loading;Assembly type model test box module, adopt full height transparent organic glass box body and external reinforcement support, can replace size according to test requirement;Optical measurement module, by industrial camera, light source and guide rail support, for non-contact image acquisition to model;Data integration acquisition module, for gathering sensor data;And automatic control center, all modules are synchronously controlled by time synchronizer and switch and integrated multi-source data.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of geotechnical engineering testing technology, and in particular relates to a static and dynamic integrated model test platform for optical measurement of geotechnical and underground engineering. Background Technology

[0002] Model testing of geotechnical and underground engineering is a key means to study the mechanical properties of soil and rock, reveal the interaction mechanism between underground structures and surrounding soil, and predict the evolution of engineering disasters. As underground space development expands into deeper and more complex environments, engineering structures often face complex working conditions coupled with static loads and dynamic disturbances, which places higher demands on the comprehensiveness, accuracy, and reliability of indoor model testing technology.

[0003] Current conventional model testing devices are typically designed for specific engineering problems, resulting in limitations such as single-function limitations and insufficient adaptability. For example, the opaque enclosure prevents observation of deformation and failure processes within the model. Regarding loading, traditional loading systems often employ lever loading or fixed actuators, with fixed loading points, making it difficult to flexibly apply static and dynamic loads of different directions and types across the entire model. Measurement methods primarily rely on embedded or contact sensors, such as earth pressure cells and displacement gauges. These methods can only acquire data at discrete points, failing to achieve full-field, non-contact displacement and strain measurements, and are ill-suited for capturing micromechanical behaviors such as localized deformation of soil and rock masses, crack initiation and propagation.

[0004] While existing technologies can simulate some functions, they struggle to replicate the complex real-world conditions of "static-dynamic composite loading - multi-field environment simulation - synchronous acquisition of multi-source information" on an integrated platform. Experiments often rely on piecing together multiple devices, leading to asynchronous timing and inconsistent data formats between systems, requiring significant manual intervention for coordination and recording. This not only reduces experimental efficiency and repeatability but also affects data consistency and reliability due to human error and inter-system delays. Specifically, specialized test chambers limit the breadth of research subjects; fixed, single loading methods struggle to simulate spatially varying load conditions; discrete, contact-based measurement methods cannot provide full-field deformation information; and decentralized, asynchronous data acquisition processes hinder in-depth analysis of the entire dynamic response mechanism of soil and rock masses.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a comprehensive static and dynamic model test platform for optical measurement in geotechnical and underground engineering to solve this problem. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a static and dynamic integrated model test platform for optical measurement in geotechnical and underground engineering to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: A static and dynamic integrated model test platform for optical measurement in geotechnical and underground engineering includes: Vibration isolation test platform module and connected to the vibration isolation test platform module: A reaction frame module, the reaction frame module having a fixed end and a movable end, wherein the movable end of the reaction frame module has a vertical displacement degree of freedom and a lateral displacement degree of freedom; A static dynamic loading module, wherein the fixed end of the static dynamic loading module is connected to the movable end of the reaction frame module, wherein when the static dynamic loading module and the movable end of the reaction frame module are installed horizontally, the telescopic end of the static dynamic loading module moves in the horizontal direction; when the static dynamic loading module and the movable end of the reaction frame module are installed vertically, the telescopic end of the static dynamic loading module moves in the longitudinal direction. An assembled model test chamber module, wherein the assembled model test chamber module is light-transmitting, and test samples are placed inside the assembled model test chamber module; An optical measurement module, wherein the imaging end of the optical measurement module faces the assembled model test chamber module; An automatic control center, comprising a computer, a time synchronizer, and a switch, wherein the switch is connected to a data integration and acquisition module, an optical measurement module, and a static dynamic loading module; The computer is used to generate control commands for the optical measurement module, the static dynamic loading module, and the data integration and acquisition module, and sends them simultaneously through the time synchronizer and the switch. The computer simultaneously receives feedback data from the optical measurement module, the static dynamic loading module, and the data integration and acquisition module through the time synchronizer and the switch.

[0008] Optionally, the vibration isolation test platform module includes an optical platform, the bottom of which is fixedly connected to the top of the vibration isolation support frame; The optical platform surface is provided with multiple threaded holes; The vibration isolation support frame includes four damping vibration isolation legs, which are distributed at the four bottom corners of the optical platform.

[0009] Optionally, the reaction frame module includes: Base plate; Four threaded posts are fixed at the four corners of the base plate, respectively; Two parallel secondary beams are provided, and the secondary beams are vertically slidably engaged with two threaded rods located on the same side. The threaded rods are threaded with limit nuts, which are used to fix the longitudinal position of the secondary beams on the threaded rods. The main beam is disposed between the two secondary beams, and the ends of the secondary beams are slidably fitted with the corresponding ends of the main beams; Two fixed beams are also provided between the two secondary beams, and the ends of the fixed beams are fixed to the ends of the corresponding secondary beams. The two secondary beams and the two fixed beams form a rectangular structure. The fixed end of the static dynamic loading module is slidably fitted onto the main beam.

[0010] Optionally, when the static loading module is installed horizontally, the reaction frame module further includes multiple main beam fixing parts for fixing the main beam. The main beam fixing part includes a horizontal brace that runs through the main beam. Multiple optical axis fasteners are fitted on the horizontal brace. The middle part of the horizontal brace is fixed to the main beam through the optical axis fasteners. The end of the horizontal brace is fixed to the top plate of the horizontal brace through the optical axis fasteners. The top plate of the horizontal brace is fixed to the fixing beam. The horizontal brace is parallel to the secondary beam.

[0011] Optionally, the static dynamic loading module includes: An electric cylinder actuator, wherein the fixed end of the electric cylinder actuator is slidably engaged with the main beam; The fixed end of the electric cylinder actuator is fixedly connected to the fixed end of the servo motor. The output shaft of the servo motor is coaxially fixed with the input end of the electric cylinder actuator. The telescopic end of the electric cylinder actuator is sequentially fixed with a loading head, a force displacement sensor, and a pin connector.

[0012] Optionally, an actuator fixing plate is slidably fitted at the bottom of the main beam. The actuator fixing plate is fixedly connected to the fixed end of the electric cylinder actuator, and a through hole is provided in the middle of the actuator fixing plate for the telescopic end of the electric cylinder actuator to pass through.

[0013] Optionally, the assembled model test chamber module includes a full-transparency model test chamber and multiple model chamber fixing brackets, and the longitudinal side of each full-transparency model test chamber is fixed to the optical platform through two model chamber fixing brackets.

[0014] Optionally, the optical measurement module includes an industrial camera, a light source, a guide rail fixing bracket, and a guide rail, wherein the guide rail is fixed to the optical platform, the guide rail fixing bracket is slidably engaged with the guide rail, and the industrial camera and the light source are fixed on the guide rail fixing bracket; Both the industrial camera and the light source are oriented towards the assembled model test chamber module, and the industrial camera is connected to the switch.

[0015] Optionally, the data integration and acquisition module includes a data acquisition instrument and multiple sensors. The multiple sensors are arranged inside the prefabricated model test chamber module. The sensors are connected to the data acquisition instrument, and the data acquisition instrument is connected to the switch.

[0016] Optionally, multiple sensors are used to acquire experimental data, including soil pressure data, pore water pressure data, and displacement data.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects: This invention effectively overcomes the limitations of traditional geotechnical model testing devices by integrating a vibration isolation platform, an adjustable reaction frame, a multi-directional static and dynamic loading system, a prefabricated transparent model box, an optical measurement system, and a central synchronous control and data acquisition system. The platform achieves comprehensive testing functions, adapting to the testing needs of various geotechnical and underground engineering models by changing transparent model boxes of different sizes. Its loading method is flexible; the cooperation between the reaction frame and the loading module enables precise positioning and loading in the two-dimensional plane above the model and in the horizontal direction, and it can switch between static and dynamic modes, better simulating complex load conditions in actual engineering. The use of a fully transparent model box combined with a high-resolution industrial camera enables visualization of the testing process and non-contact full-field displacement and strain measurement, compensating for the shortcomings of point sensor measurements. Through an integrated network based on switches and time synchronizers, load data, optical image data, sensor data, and other multi-source information are collected and fused in real time and synchronously, with the testing process uniformly controlled by a central computer. This significantly improves the accuracy, efficiency, repeatability, and automation level of the test, providing a powerful technical means for in-depth research on the mechanical behavior of geotechnical masses under static and dynamic coupled loads. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the vibration isolation test platform module structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the reaction frame module of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the horizontal loading mode structure of the reaction frame module of the present invention; Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the vertical loading mode structure of the static dynamic loading module of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the horizontal loading mode structure of the static dynamic loading module of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the modular structure of the prefabricated model test chamber of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the optical measurement module structure of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the data integration and acquisition module and automatic control center structure of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the integrated and automated process of the present invention. The module includes: 10. Vibration isolation test platform module; 20. Reaction frame module; 30. Static and dynamic loading module; 40. Prefabricated model test box module; 50. Optical measurement module; 60. Data integration and acquisition module; 70. Automatic control center; 101. Optical platform; 102. Vibration isolation support frame; 201. Base plate; 202. Wire rod; 203. Limiting nut; 204. Secondary beam; 205. Main beam; 206. Slide rail; 207. Slider; 208. Fixed beam; 209. Horizontal brace; 210. 1. Optical axis fastener; 211. Horizontal support plate; 301. Servo motor; 302. Electric cylinder actuator; 303. Loading head; 304. Force displacement sensor; 305. Pin connector; 306. Actuator fixing plate; 401. Full-height transparent model test chamber; 402. Model box fixing bracket; 501. Industrial camera; 502. Light source; 503. Guide rail fixing bracket; 601. Sensor; 602. Data acquisition instrument; 603. Switch; 701. Computer; 702. Time synchronizer. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0021] Reference Figures 1 to 10 This invention discloses a static and dynamic integrated model test platform for optical measurement in geotechnical and underground engineering, comprising: Vibration isolation test platform module 10 and connected to vibration isolation test platform module 10: The reaction frame module 20 has a fixed end and a movable end, wherein the movable end of the reaction frame module 20 has vertical displacement degree of freedom and lateral displacement degree of freedom. The static dynamic loading module 30 has a fixed end connected to the movable end of the reaction frame module 20. When the static dynamic loading module 30 and the movable end of the reaction frame module 20 are installed horizontally, the telescopic end of the static dynamic loading module 30 moves horizontally. When the static dynamic loading module 30 and the movable end of the reaction frame module 20 are installed vertically, the telescopic end of the static dynamic loading module 30 moves longitudinally. The prefabricated model test chamber module 40 has a light-transmitting setting, and the test sample is placed inside the prefabricated model test chamber module 40. The optical measurement module 50 has its imaging end facing the assembled model test chamber module 40. Automatic control center 70 includes computer 701, time synchronizer 702 and switch 603. Switch 603 is connected to data integration and acquisition module 60, optical measurement module 50 and static dynamic loading module 30. The computer 701 is used to generate control commands for the optical measurement module 50, the static and dynamic loading module 30, and the data integration and acquisition module 60, and sends them simultaneously through the time synchronizer 702 and the switch 603. The computer 701 simultaneously receives feedback data from the optical measurement module 50, the static and dynamic loading module 30, and the data integration and acquisition module 60 via the time synchronizer 702 and the switch 603.

[0022] In use, the prefabricated model test chamber module 40 is first installed on the vibration isolation test platform module 10, and the test sample is prepared therein. The movable end of the reaction frame module 20 can be adjusted in both vertical and horizontal degrees of freedom according to the test requirements. The static dynamic loading module 30 is installed on this movable end, and its installation direction (horizontal or vertical) determines the loading direction of its telescopic end (horizontal or vertical), thereby realizing multi-directional loading of the test sample. The imaging end of the optical measurement module 50 is aligned with the transparent prefabricated model test chamber module 40 to record the sample deformation in a non-contact manner. The entire test process is uniformly coordinated by the automatic control center 70: the computer 701 generates control commands, which are synchronized via the time synchronizer 702, and then simultaneously sent to the static dynamic loading module 30, the optical measurement module 50, and the data integration and acquisition module 60 through the switch 603, driving them to perform loading, imaging, and data acquisition actions; at the same time, the load, image, and sensor data fed back by each module are also synchronously received and integrated through the same path. The effectiveness of this solution lies in the construction of a highly integrated and automated testing system, which enables flexible adjustment of the loading position, variable loading direction, and simultaneous optical non-contact measurement and multi-source contact measurement. Furthermore, the central synchronous control ensures that all operations and data acquisition are strictly aligned in time, greatly improving the accuracy, efficiency, and repeatability of complex model tests.

[0023] As an optional implementation, the vibration isolation test platform module 10 includes an optical platform 101, the bottom of which is fixedly connected to the top of the vibration isolation support frame 102; The optical platform 101 has multiple threaded holes on its surface; The vibration isolation support frame 102 includes four damping vibration isolation legs, which are distributed at the four bottom corners of the optical platform 101.

[0024] In use, the optical platform 101, with its multiple threaded holes, provides a stable and easy-to-install reference plane for the various modules above it. Its four damping and vibration-isolation legs at the bottom collectively support the platform, effectively isolating minor vibrations from the ground. This provides a highly stable and level mounting surface for the entire test platform, especially for the vibration-sensitive optical measurement module 50, ensuring that external environmental vibration interference is minimized during high-precision measurements and loading, thus guaranteeing the accuracy of the test data.

[0025] As an optional implementation, the reaction frame module 20 includes: Base plate 201; Four threaded posts 202 are fixed to the four corners of the base plate 201 respectively; Two parallel secondary beams 204 are vertically slidingly engaged with two threaded rods 202 located on the same side. A limit nut 203 is threadedly engaged on the threaded rods 202. The limit nut 203 is used to fix the longitudinal position of the secondary beams 204 on the threaded rods 202. The main beam 205 is disposed between two secondary beams 204, and the ends of the secondary beams 204 and the corresponding main beams 205 are in sliding fit. Two fixed beams 208 are also provided between the two secondary beams 204. The ends of the fixed beams 208 are fixed to the ends of the corresponding secondary beams 204. The two secondary beams 204 and the two fixed beams 208 form a rectangular structure. The fixed end of the static dynamic loading module 30 is slidably fitted onto the main beam 205.

[0026] In use, the base plate 201 serves as the foundation of the entire frame. By rotating the limiting nut 203 on the threaded rod 202, the longitudinal vertical height of the secondary beam 204 can be fixed or adjusted, thereby changing the installation reference height of the main beam 205. The main beam 205 can slide between the two secondary beams 204, while the fixed end of the static dynamic loading module 30 can slide on the main beam 205. The combination of these three allows the movable end of the loading module to achieve free positioning in three-dimensional space. The two fixed beams 208 connect the two secondary beams 204 into a robust rectangular frame, significantly enhancing the overall stiffness and stability of the reaction frame. The effect is to provide a support structure with strong load-bearing capacity, high stiffness, and the ability to flexibly adjust the planar position and height of the loading point in three-dimensional space, providing a foundation for flexible and diverse loading schemes.

[0027] As an optional implementation, when the static dynamic loading module 30 is installed horizontally, the reaction frame module 20 also includes a plurality of main beam fixing parts for fixing the main beam 205. The main beam fixing part includes a horizontal brace 209 that runs through the main beam 205. A plurality of optical axis fasteners 210 are sleeved on the horizontal brace 209. The middle part of the horizontal brace 209 is fixed to the main beam 205 by the optical axis fasteners 210. The end of the horizontal brace 209 is fixed to the top plate 211 of the horizontal brace by the optical axis fasteners 210. The top plate 211 of the horizontal brace is fixed to the fixing beam 208. Horizontal brace 209 is parallel to secondary beam 204.

[0028] When the static dynamic loading module 30 is installed horizontally, the horizontal brace 209 passes through the main beam 205, and is clamped and fixed to the main beam 205 at the middle using the optical axis fastener 210. Simultaneously, the top plates 211 of the horizontal brace 209 are also fixed to both ends of the horizontal brace 209 using the optical axis fastener 210, and the top plates 211 are fixed to the stable fixed beam 208. In this way, the horizontal brace 209 is parallel to the secondary beam 204, forming a force transmission path from the main beam 205 to the fixed beam 208. When the electric cylinder actuator 302 performs horizontal push / pull loading, the generated main reaction force is transmitted to the main beam 205 through the actuator fixing plate 306, and then to the robust fixed beam 208 and the entire reaction frame through the locked horizontal brace 209, forming a closed force cycle. This effectively prevents the main beam 205 from moving under horizontal force, ensuring the stability and accuracy of the horizontal loading process.

[0029] As an optional implementation, the static dynamic loading module 30 includes: Electric cylinder actuator 302, the fixed end of electric cylinder actuator 302 is in sliding fit with main beam 205; The fixed end of the electric cylinder actuator 302 is fixedly connected to the fixed end of the servo motor 301. The output shaft of the servo motor 301 is coaxially fixed with the input end of the electric cylinder actuator 302. The extension end of the electric cylinder actuator 302 is sequentially fixed with the loading head 303, the force displacement sensor 304 and the pin connector 305.

[0030] In operation, the servo motor 301 serves as the power source, providing precise and controllable rotary motion to drive the internal mechanical structure of the electric cylinder actuator 302, converting it into linear motion of the piston rod. This achieves high-precision static uniform speed or dynamic variable speed, reciprocating loading. The loading head 303 is the interface connecting the piston rod and the load. The force displacement sensor 304 monitors and provides feedback on the applied load and the displacement stroke of the piston rod in real time, forming a closed-loop control to ensure the accuracy of the loading process. The pin connector 305 provides a quick and secure connection, facilitating the replacement of different types of pressure heads or connectors to adapt to different test samples. The overall effect is to provide a core loading execution unit with high control precision, fast response speed, and real-time feedback of force and displacement information.

[0031] As an optional implementation, the bottom of the main beam 205 is slidably fitted with an actuator fixing plate 306, which is fixedly connected to the fixed end of the electric cylinder actuator 302. A through hole is provided in the middle of the actuator fixing plate 306 for the telescopic end of the electric cylinder actuator 302 to pass through.

[0032] The actuator mounting plate 306 slides against the bottom of the main beam 205, allowing the entire electric cylinder actuator 302 to move axially along the main beam 205. A through hole in the center of the actuator mounting plate 306 provides space for the telescopic end of the electric cylinder actuator 302. Combined with the sliding of the main beam 205 on the secondary beam 204, the static dynamic loading module 30 achieves independent sliding adjustment in two mutually perpendicular directions within the loading plane. This allows for precise alignment of the loading point with any predetermined position on the test sample, greatly enhancing the flexibility and convenience of loading.

[0033] As an optional implementation, the prefabricated model test chamber module 40 includes a full-transparency model test chamber 401 and multiple model chamber fixing brackets 402. The longitudinal side of each full-transparency model test chamber 401 is fixed to the optical platform 101 by two model chamber fixing brackets 402.

[0034] The high-transparency model test chamber 401 is made of light-transmitting materials such as plexiglass, ensuring that the optical measurement module 50 can clearly observe the deformation of the test sample inside the chamber. Each model chamber fixing bracket 402 clamps and fixes one vertical corner of the test chamber, and connects to the threaded hole on the optical platform 101 through its bottom, firmly fixing the test chamber. This ensures the transparency of the test chamber to meet the requirements of optical measurement, and effectively resists the lateral pressure generated by the soil during the test through external reinforcement, preventing the chamber from deforming or being damaged, and ensuring the safety and reliability of the test. At the same time, the modular design also makes it easy to replace the chamber with different sizes according to the scale of the test.

[0035] As an optional implementation, the optical measurement module 50 includes an industrial camera 501, a light source 502, a guide rail fixing bracket 503 and a guide rail, wherein the guide rail is fixed to the optical platform 101, the guide rail fixing bracket 503 is slidably engaged with the guide rail, and the industrial camera 501 and the light source 502 are fixed on the guide rail fixing bracket 503. Both the industrial camera 501 and the light source 502 face the assembled model test box module 40, and the industrial camera 501 is connected to the switch 603.

[0036] The guide rail mounting bracket 503 can slide along the guide rail fixed on the optical platform 101, thereby moving the industrial camera 501 and the light source 502 mounted on it together. During use, the distance between the camera and the object distance from the light-transmitting surface of the model test chamber can be finely adjusted by sliding the bracket to obtain images with optimal field of view and clarity. The light source 502 provides stable and uniform illumination, ensuring image quality. The connection between the industrial camera 501 and the switch 603 allows it to be synchronously triggered and transmit image data by the automatic control center.

[0037] As an optional implementation, the data integration and acquisition module 60 includes a data acquisition instrument 602 and multiple sensors 601. The multiple sensors 601 are arranged inside the assembled model test box module 40. The sensors 601 are connected to the data acquisition instrument 602, and the data acquisition instrument 602 is connected to the switch 603.

[0038] As an optional implementation, multiple sensors 601 are used to acquire experimental data, including soil pressure data, pore water pressure data, and displacement data.

[0039] Multiple sensors 601 are deployed at different locations within the model test chamber according to the experimental purpose, used to measure physical quantities such as earth pressure, pore water pressure, and local displacement. These sensors convert physical signals into electrical signals, which are then transmitted uniformly to a data acquisition unit 602. The data acquisition unit 602 synchronously acquires, converts, and preliminarily processes the signals from all sensors, before uploading them to the automatic control center via a switch 603. The effect is to centrally acquire and digitize signals from dispersed, multi-type contact sensors, and integrate them with the automatic control center through a network, achieving automated and synchronized acquisition of contact measurement data.

[0040] These sensors 601 are used to acquire at least soil pressure data, pore water pressure data, and displacement data. In use, the soil pressure sensor is embedded in the soil to measure stress distribution, the pore water pressure sensor monitors changes in water pressure within the soil, and the displacement sensor, such as an LVDT, measures the displacement at a specific point. The core physical field data acquired by the data acquisition instrument 602, together with the full-field deformation data acquired by the optical measurement module, constitute a multi-dimensional, multi-physical field observation system for the mechanical response of soil and rock samples under load, providing a solid data foundation for comprehensive analysis of experimental phenomena.

[0041] For detailed explanation, this device includes a vibration isolation test platform module 10, a reaction frame module 20, a static and dynamic loading module 30, a prefabricated model test chamber module 40, an optical measurement module 50, a data integration and acquisition module 60, and an automatic control center 70.

[0042] The vibration isolation test platform module 10 includes an optical platform 101 and a vibration isolation support frame 102.

[0043] The optical platform 101 has a surface made of threaded magnetic stainless steel plate and a steel honeycomb structure support as the tabletop, providing a stable and flat space for the installation and placement of the assembled model test box module 40, optical measurement module 50, data integration and acquisition module 60 and automatic control center 70.

[0044] The vibration isolation support frame 102 is equipped with four damping vibration isolation legs to support the optical platform 101, which can achieve high vibration isolation and horizontal stability of the platform.

[0045] The reaction frame module 20 includes a base plate 201, a wire rod 202, a limiting nut 203, a secondary beam 204, a main beam 205, a slide rail 206, a slider 207, a fixed beam 208, a horizontal brace 209, a light axis fastener 210, and a horizontal brace top plate 211.

[0046] The base plate 201 consists of a steel plate and four supports, which together form the base of the entire reaction frame module 20, providing support for all the upper devices and serving as the core of the reaction closed loop. A wire rod 202 is fixed at each of the four corners, and the base plate 201 is fixedly connected to the wire rod 202 to withstand tension, compression, bending moment, shear force, and torque.

[0047] The threaded column 202 is a steel column with a section of threaded wire. Combined with two limit nuts 203, it can support and fix the secondary beam 204, providing support for the entire reaction frame module 20.

[0048] The limiting nut 203 is on the threaded strip of the threaded rod 202. Its position on the threaded rod can be adjusted by rotation to achieve changes in height. The two limiting nuts restrict the secondary beam 204 vertically, thereby supporting and fixing the secondary beam 204.

[0049] The secondary beam 204 consists of two load-bearing beams. Two wire rods 202 on the same side connect to one secondary beam 204. The two secondary beams 204 are parallel to each other and are fixed at the height of the wire rods 202 by the limiting nut 203. At the same time, a slide rail 206 is provided below the secondary beam 204.

[0050] The slide rail 206 is a convex-shaped track, and is equipped with a slider 207 for the slider 207 to slide on.

[0051] The slider 207 is fixed above both ends of the main beam 205 and is fitted into the slide rails 206 of the two secondary beams 204.

[0052] The main beam 205 is a primary load-bearing beam composed of two parallel I-beams, fixed at both ends with steel plates, and hollow and open in the middle. It is orthogonal to the two secondary beams 204, located below them, and uses a support structure. The main beam 205 slides along the axial direction of the secondary beams 204. A slide rail 206 is also provided above the main beam 205 for mounting the static and dynamic loading module 30. Because the main beam 205 is hollow and open in the middle, it facilitates the horizontal movement of the static and dynamic loading module 30, and has an opening in the center to facilitate the horizontal installation of the static and dynamic loading module 30. The direction in which the main beam 205 slides along the axial direction of the secondary beams 204 is the primary direction.

[0053] Furthermore, the fixed beam 208 is fixedly connected to the two secondary beams 204, which plays a role in fixing and stabilizing.

[0054] Furthermore, the direction of the vertical movement of the secondary beam 204 on the wire rod 202, adjusted by the two limiting nuts 203, is the third direction.

[0055] Furthermore, for the horizontal loading mode of the static dynamic loading module 30, the horizontal brace 209 is used to provide the force point, and together with the optical axis fastener 210, it fixes the main beam 205.

[0056] The optical axis fastener 210 is fitted into the horizontal brace 209 and is set at key points, such as on both sides of the main beam 205 and on the outside of the top plate 211 of the horizontal brace. It is fixed to the horizontal brace 209 by tightening the screws.

[0057] The horizontal bracing top plate 211 is the load-bearing support point of the horizontal bracing 209 on the entire frame beam. It is fixed to the fixed beam 208 and the load-bearing closed loop is achieved through the optical axis fastener 210.

[0058] The static dynamic loading module 30 includes a servo motor 301, an electric cylinder actuator 302, a loading head 303, a force displacement sensor 304, a pin connector 305, and an actuator fixing plate 306.

[0059] The servo motor 301 is the power source, fixed at the end of the electric cylinder actuator 302, providing torque and controlling the speed, and is suitable for static and dynamic loading.

[0060] The electric cylinder actuator 302 is the main structure for achieving precise loading. It contains a piston rod that is directly connected to the loading head 303.

[0061] The loading head 303 is an adapter structure at the end of the piston rod, used to mount the force displacement sensor 304.

[0062] The force displacement sensor 304 is used to monitor and provide feedback on the stroke and load of the actuator. One end is connected to the loading head 303, and the other end is connected to the external pin connector 305.

[0063] The pin connector 305 is a fixed connection joint with an external device, which is fixed by a pin.

[0064] The actuator mounting plate 306 is a fixing device that fixes the static dynamic loading module 30 to the main beam 205. During operation, the clamp screws are tightened to achieve fixation.

[0065] Furthermore, depending on the different requirements of the test loading direction, it is divided into vertical loading and horizontal loading. Under vertical loading conditions, the static dynamic loading module 30 is vertically installed on the slider 207 of the main beam 205 in a support-mounted form, which can realize horizontal sliding on the main beam 205. The direction of sliding along the axial direction of the main beam 205 is the second direction. Under horizontal loading conditions, the static dynamic loading module 30 is horizontally fixedly installed on the side of the center of the main beam 205 in a hoisting form. The actuator fixing plate 306 is installed on the upper end of the main beam 205. The static dynamic loading module 30 passes through the central circular hole of the main beam 205 and is fixed on the actuator fixing plate 306.

[0066] The prefabricated model test chamber module 40 includes a full-transparency model test chamber 401 and a model chamber fixing bracket 402.

[0067] The high-transparency model test chamber 401 is a model test chamber made of plexiglass. The specific dimensions depend on the specific test. The exterior is reinforced by the model chamber fixing bracket 402.

[0068] The model box fixing bracket 402 is assembled and is fixed by brackets and screws. The brackets fix the four corners of the full high transparency model test box 401. The bottom of the brackets has reserved screw holes, which are connected and fixed to the optical platform 101 by screws to realize the edge reinforcement of the full high transparency model test box 401 to resist the horizontal pressure inside the box.

[0069] The optical measurement module 50 includes an industrial camera 501, a light source 502, and a guide rail fixing bracket 503.

[0070] The industrial camera 501 is the main component for optical measurement. It captures photos at a stable frame rate and performs digital image processing in the later stages, supplemented by a light source 502 and a guide rail fixing bracket 503.

[0071] Light source 502 is an LED white light or laser light source designed to provide optimal viewing conditions for industrial camera 501.

[0072] The guide rail mounting bracket 503 is fixed on the optical platform 101 to fix the industrial camera 501 and the light source 502. The guide rail facilitates the horizontal movement of the industrial camera 501 and has a scale for reference to adjust to the optimal object distance and capture the best field of view.

[0073] The data integration and acquisition module 60 includes a sensor 601 and a data acquisition instrument 602.

[0074] Sensor 601 is used to measure data such as soil pressure, pore water pressure, and displacement, converting physical signals into electrical signals. Sensor data is collected and recorded by data acquisition instrument 602.

[0075] The data acquisition instrument 602 is an instrument with several channels that can provide voltage to the sensor 601, receive its electrical signals, and transmit them.

[0076] Furthermore, switch 603 connects multiple terminals from the static dynamic loading module 30, optical measurement module 50, and data integration and acquisition module 60 to this data link network device via network cables, and finally connects them to the local area network of computer 701 in the automatic control center 70 via network cables, thus establishing independent data transmission channels between multiple ports simultaneously and realizing multi-source data integration and acquisition.

[0077] The automatic control center 70 includes a computer 701, a time synchronizer 702, and a switch 603.

[0078] Computer 701 is the hardware and software control center for overall test coordination. It receives multi-source data from switch 603, centralizes data processing and storage, and realizes data visualization and data processing.

[0079] Furthermore, the computer 701 can also achieve automation. The automation program is sent to the static dynamic loading module 30, the optical measurement module 50 and the data integration and acquisition module 60 through the time synchronizer 702 via the switch 603, so as to realize automatic loading of test conditions and synchronous data acquisition.

[0080] The time synchronizer 702 is a core component that ensures the timing consistency of all modules in the entire test platform. It realizes the time synchronization of data acquisition, instruction execution, and action triggering of multiple modules, and avoids timing misalignment problems.

[0081] The assembly of this device follows the steps below: Step 1: Install reaction frame module 20: First, place the base plate 201 and fix the threaded rods 202 on the base plate 201. Install a limiting nut 203 on each threaded rod 202. Then, insert the two threaded rods 202 along the two long sides into the secondary beams 204 and install another limiting nut 203. Fix the two secondary beams 204 with the fixing beams 208. Install a slide rail 206 and a slider 207 on the bottom of each secondary beam 204. Fix the main beam 205 on the sliders 207 of the two secondary beams 204 by lifting. Install the slide rail 206 and the slider 207 on the bottom of the main beam 205.

[0082] Step 2: Set up vibration isolation test platform module 10: Place the vibration isolation support frame 102 on the base plate 201, and then place the optical platform 101 on it; adjust the four support nuts of the vibration isolation support frame 102 to make the optical platform 101 horizontal.

[0083] Step 3: Install the static dynamic loading module 30: Install the actuator mounting plate 306 onto the two sliders 207 of the main beam 205; the servo motor 301 and the electric cylinder actuator 302 are fixed together, and the electric cylinder actuator 302 is installed onto the actuator mounting plate 306 with screws; install the loading head 303 onto the piston rod extending from the electric cylinder actuator 302; and then install the force displacement sensor 304 onto the loading head 303.

[0084] Step 4: Install the prefabricated model test chamber module 40: First, place the high-transparency model test chamber 401 on the test area of ​​the optical platform 101; then, fix the corners of the four sides of the high-transparency model test chamber 401 with the model box fixing bracket 402, and fix the bottom to the threaded hole on the optical platform 101 with screws, thus fixing the high-transparency model test chamber 401 on the optical platform 101.

[0085] Step 5: Install optical measurement module 50: First, place the guide rail fixing bracket 503 perpendicular to the shooting surface of the full-transparency model test chamber 401 and fix it to the optical platform 101 with screws; fix the industrial camera 501 to the guide rail fixing bracket 503; adjust the object distance of the industrial camera 501 by sliding the guide rail fixing bracket 503, set it to 600mm, and find the optimal shooting working surface; the light source 502 is also fixed on the guide rail fixing bracket 503 to provide stable illumination for the shooting working surface.

[0086] Step 6: Install the data integration and acquisition module 60. First, place the data acquisition instrument 602 on the optical platform 101; the sensor 601 is generally placed inside the full high-transparency model test chamber 401, and the external wiring is connected to each channel on the data acquisition instrument 602; the data acquisition instrument 602 and the switch 603 are connected through a network cable; at the same time, the static dynamic loading module 30 and the optical measurement module 50 are also connected to the switch 603 through a network cable.

[0087] Step 7: Install the Automatic Control Center 70. First, place the computer 701 and the time synchronizer 702 on the optical platform 101; connect the computer 701 and the time synchronizer 702 with a network cable; then connect the time synchronizer 702 and the switch 603 with a network cable to realize data transmission, program command issuance and time synchronization.

[0088] The working principle is as follows: The optical platform 101 provides an effective planar dimension of 1800 mm for the full-transparency model test chamber 401. The 1500mm, full-transparency model test chamber 401 is a test space for scaled-down models. Therefore, the optical platform 101 can meet the test scale ratio and form of different types of soil and underground engineering, and thus realize the integration of model testing.

[0089] Computer 701 serves as the control center for integrated data and automated programs. It connects to time synchronizer 702 for time synchronization. Time synchronizer 702 connects to switch 603 for data exchange. Switch 603 then connects to data integration and acquisition module 60, optical measurement module 50, and static-dynamic loading module 30, achieving multi-module, multi-source data integration. Static-dynamic loading module 30 records feedback force and displacement data in real time; optical measurement module 50 acquires and captures digital images of the working surface in real time; and data integration and acquisition module 60 acquires experimental physical data in real time, achieving real-time synchronous acquisition of multi-source data and demonstrating integration.

[0090] Meanwhile, the computer 701 also controls multiple modules, including the data integration and acquisition module 60, the optical measurement module 50, and the static and dynamic loading module 30, based on the circuit. According to the data feedback, it can automatically load the working conditions based on the predetermined program, which has the characteristics of visualized and controllable automation.

[0091] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0092] The above embodiments are merely descriptions of preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A static and dynamic integrated model test platform for optical measurement in geotechnical and underground engineering, characterized in that, include: Vibration isolation test platform module (10) and connected to the vibration isolation test platform module (10): The reaction frame module (20) has a fixed end and a movable end, wherein the movable end of the reaction frame module (20) has vertical displacement degree of freedom and lateral displacement degree of freedom; A static dynamic loading module (30) is provided, the fixed end of which is connected to the movable end of the reaction frame module (20). When the static dynamic loading module (30) and the movable end of the reaction frame module (20) are installed horizontally, the telescopic end of the static dynamic loading module (30) moves horizontally. When the static dynamic loading module (30) and the movable end of the reaction frame module (20) are installed vertically, the telescopic end of the static dynamic loading module (30) moves longitudinally. The prefabricated model test chamber module (40) is light-transmitting and the test sample is placed inside the prefabricated model test chamber module (40); An optical measurement module (50) is provided, with its imaging end facing the assembled model test chamber module (40). An automatic control center (70) includes a computer (701), a time synchronizer (702), and a switch (603), which is connected to a data integration and acquisition module (60), an optical measurement module (50), and a static dynamic loading module (30). The computer (701) is used to generate control commands for the optical measurement module (50), the static dynamic loading module (30) and the data integration and acquisition module (60), and send them simultaneously through the time synchronizer (702) and the switch (603); The computer (701) simultaneously receives feedback data from the optical measurement module (50), the static dynamic loading module (30), and the data integration and acquisition module (60) through the time synchronizer (702) and the switch (603).

2. The integrated static and dynamic model test platform for optical measurement in geotechnical and underground engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vibration isolation test platform module (10) includes an optical platform (101), the bottom of which is fixedly connected to the top of the vibration isolation support frame (102); The optical platform (101) has multiple threaded holes on its surface; The vibration isolation support frame (102) includes four damping vibration isolation legs, which are distributed at the four bottom corners of the optical platform (101).

3. The integrated static and dynamic model test platform for optical measurement in geotechnical and underground engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reaction frame module (20) includes: Base plate (201); Four wire rods (202) are fixed at the four corners of the base plate (201); Two parallel secondary beams (204) are vertically slidingly engaged with two threaded rods (202) located on the same side. A limit nut (203) is threaded onto the threaded rod (202) to fix the longitudinal position of the secondary beam (204) on the threaded rod (202). The main beam (205) is disposed between the two secondary beams (204), and the ends of the secondary beams (204) are slidably engaged with the corresponding ends of the main beams (205); Two fixed beams (208) are also provided between the two secondary beams (204), and the ends of the fixed beams (208) are fixed to the ends of the corresponding secondary beams (204). The two secondary beams (204) and the two fixed beams (208) form a rectangular structure. The fixed end of the static dynamic loading module (30) is slidably fitted onto the main beam (205).

4. The integrated static and dynamic model test platform for optical measurement in geotechnical and underground engineering according to claim 3, characterized in that, When the static dynamic loading module (30) is installed horizontally, the reaction frame module (20) also includes a number of main beam fixing parts for fixing the main beam (205). The main beam fixing part includes a horizontal brace (209) that runs through the main beam (205). A number of optical axis fasteners (210) are sleeved on the horizontal brace (209). The middle part of the horizontal brace (209) is fixed to the main beam (205) through the optical axis fasteners (210). The end of the horizontal brace (209) is fixed to the top plate (211) of the horizontal brace through the optical axis fasteners (210). The top plate (211) of the horizontal brace is fixed to the fixing beam (208). The horizontal brace (209) is parallel to the secondary beam (204).

5. The integrated static and dynamic model test platform for optical measurement in geotechnical and underground engineering according to claim 3, characterized in that, The static dynamic loading module (30) includes: An electric cylinder actuator (302) is provided, wherein the fixed end of the electric cylinder actuator (302) is slidably engaged with the main beam (205); The fixed end of the electric cylinder actuator (302) is fixedly connected to the fixed end of the servo motor (301). The output shaft of the servo motor (301) is coaxially fixed with the input end of the electric cylinder actuator (302). The telescopic end of the electric cylinder actuator (302) is sequentially fixed with a loading head (303), a force displacement sensor (304), and a pin connector (305).

6. The geotechnical and underground engineering optical measurement static and dynamic integrated model test platform according to claim 5, characterized in that, The bottom of the main beam (205) is slidably fitted with an actuator fixing plate (306), which is fixedly connected to the fixed end of the electric cylinder actuator (302). A through hole is opened in the middle of the actuator fixing plate (306) for the telescopic end of the electric cylinder actuator (302) to pass through.

7. The integrated static and dynamic model test platform for optical measurement in geotechnical and underground engineering according to claim 2, characterized in that, The assembled model test box module (40) includes a full high-transparency model test box (401) and multiple model box fixing brackets (402). The longitudinal side of each full high-transparency model test box (401) is fixed to the optical platform (101) by two model box fixing brackets (402).

8. The integrated static and dynamic model test platform for optical measurement in geotechnical and underground engineering according to claim 2, characterized in that, The optical measurement module (50) includes an industrial camera (501), a light source (502), a guide rail fixing bracket (503), and a guide rail. The guide rail is fixed to the optical platform (101), the guide rail fixing bracket (503) slides with the guide rail, and the industrial camera (501) and the light source (502) are fixed on the guide rail fixing bracket (503). The industrial camera (501) and the light source (502) are both facing the assembled model test box module (40), and the industrial camera (501) is connected to the switch (603).

9. The integrated static and dynamic model test platform for optical measurement in geotechnical and underground engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data integration and acquisition module (60) includes a data acquisition instrument (602) and multiple sensors (601). The multiple sensors (601) are arranged inside the assembled model test box module (40). The sensors (601) are connected to the data acquisition instrument (602), and the data acquisition instrument (602) is connected to the switch (603).

10. The geotechnical and underground engineering optical measurement static and dynamic integrated model test platform according to claim 9, characterized in that, The multiple sensors (601) are used to acquire experimental data, including soil pressure data, pore water pressure data, and displacement data.

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