Composite optical cable and monitoring method based on composite optical cable

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of optical cable technology, providing a composite optical cable and a monitoring method based on the composite optical cable. The optical cable includes: a reinforcing member located at the geometric center of the composite optical cable cross-section; a communication optical fiber unit and a shock-absorbing detection unit arranged around the reinforcing member; multiple insulated conductors arranged symmetrically relative to the cable core, each insulated conductor being covered with an insulating layer; a water-blocking layer covering the cable core and the insulating layer; a shielding layer covering the water-blocking layer; an outer sheath covering the shielding layer and the light-emitting optical fiber unit, the outer sheath being made of a light-transmitting material; and a light-emitting optical fiber unit including a light-emitting optical fiber and a light-emitting module, the light-emitting optical fiber being arranged along the axial direction of the composite optical cable, the surface of the light-emitting optical fiber being uniformly coated with fluorescent resin, wherein the light-emitting optical fiber is controlled by transmission attenuation characteristics and the output mode of the light source module, the output mode being determined based on the detection signal collected by the shock-absorbing detection unit. This addresses the problems of limited functionality, insufficient practicality, and inadequate safety in related optical cables.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of optical cable technology, and in particular to a composite optical cable and a monitoring method based on the composite optical cable. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of fields such as smart buildings, underground utility tunnels, rail transit, and data centers, single-function optical cables can no longer meet the needs of complex scenarios.

[0003] In scenarios such as tunnels, utility tunnels, computer rooms, and rail transit, optical cables are susceptible to vibration, compression, impact, and geological deformation. Related monitoring methods require additional sensor deployment, which is complex, costly, and has poor compatibility. They cannot work in conjunction with the optical cable itself, resulting in insufficient practicality and safety.

[0004] There is currently no effective solution to the problems of limited functionality, lack of practicality and security in related technologies for optical cables. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a composite optical cable and a monitoring method based on the composite optical cable, which at least solves the problems of limited functionality, lack of practicality and security of optical cables in related technologies.

[0006] This invention provides a composite optical cable comprising a cable core, insulated conductors, an insulating isolation layer, a water-blocking layer, a shielding layer, light-emitting fiber units, and an outer sheath. The cable core includes a reinforcing member, a communication fiber unit, and a shock-absorbing detection unit. The reinforcing member is located at the geometric center of the composite optical cable cross-section, and the communication fiber unit and the shock-absorbing detection unit are arranged around the reinforcing member. Multiple insulated conductors are symmetrically arranged relative to the cable core, and each insulated conductor is covered with an insulating isolation layer. The water-blocking layer covers the cable core and the insulating isolation layer. The shielding layer covers the water-blocking layer. The outer sheath covers the shielding layer and the light-emitting fiber unit, and the outer sheath is made of a light-transmitting material. The light-emitting fiber unit includes a light-emitting fiber and a light-emitting module. The light-emitting fiber is arranged along the axial direction of the composite optical cable, and the surface of the light-emitting fiber is uniformly coated with fluorescent resin. The light-emitting fiber is controlled by transmission attenuation characteristics and the output mode of the light source module, and the output mode is determined based on the detection signal collected by the shock-absorbing detection unit.

[0007] Preferably, the vibration detection unit is a distributed vibration sensing fiber, with a sensitivity of 0.01g to 0.1g and a positioning accuracy error of no more than ±5m.

[0008] Preferably, the light-emitting optical fiber is a side-emitting plastic optical fiber or a quartz side-emitting optical fiber, the core diameter of the light-emitting optical fiber is 0.5mm~1.0mm, and the cladding thickness of the light-emitting optical fiber is 0.1mm~0.2mm.

[0009] Preferably, the coating thickness of the fluorescent resin is 0.05mm to 0.1mm, and the coating uniformity error does not exceed ±0.01mm.

[0010] Preferably, the reinforcing member is made of fiber-reinforced plastic (FRP), and the diameter of the reinforcing member is 2.0 mm to 3.0 mm.

[0011] Preferably, the communication optical fiber unit includes a communication optical fiber, fiber optic paste, and a loose tube; the fiber optic paste fills the loose tube and coats the communication optical fiber.

[0012] This invention provides a monitoring method based on a composite optical cable, wherein the composite optical cable is any of the aforementioned composite optical cables, and the output mode of the light source module includes a first output mode and a second output mode. The monitoring method includes: real-time acquisition of detection signals along the composite optical cable based on an anti-vibration detection unit; receiving the detection signals based on a demodulation device, determining abnormal information by combining optical time domain reflectometry (OTDR) when the disturbance intensity of the detection signal is greater than a preset intensity threshold, and generating a control signal; controlling the light source module to be in the first output mode based on the control signal, causing the fiber segment corresponding to the abnormal information in the emitting fiber to emit light; and maintaining the light source module in the second output mode when the disturbance intensity of the detection signal is less than or equal to the preset intensity threshold, and the light source module outputting stable and continuous light.

[0013] Preferably, after controlling the light source module to be in the first output mode based on the control signal, the above method further includes: issuing a mode switching feedback signal based on the light source module; receiving the mode switching feedback signal based on the demodulation device, and determining that the linkage is successful if the mode switching feedback signal matches the detection signal; and reissuing the control signal if the mode switching feedback signal does not match the detection signal, or if the demodulation device does not receive the mode switching feedback signal within a preset time.

[0014] Preferably, when the light source module is in the first output mode, the light source module outputs flashing light, and the flashing light has a flashing cycle of 0.5 seconds on and 0.5 seconds off, with a flashing frequency of 1Hz.

[0015] Preferably, when the disturbance intensity of the detected signal is greater than a preset intensity threshold, the abnormal information is determined by combining optical time domain reflectance (OTDR) technology and a control signal is generated, including: when the disturbance intensity of the detected signal is greater than a preset intensity threshold and the duration of the detected signal is greater than or equal to 300ms, the abnormal information is determined by combining optical time domain reflectance (OTDR) technology and an alarm signal and a control signal are generated, wherein the alarm signal is sent to the operation and maintenance terminal or an audible and visual alarm device.

[0016] This invention provides a composite optical cable comprising: a reinforcing member located at the geometric center of the composite optical cable cross-section; a communication optical fiber unit and a vibration detection unit arranged around the reinforcing member; multiple insulated conductors arranged symmetrically relative to the cable core, each insulated conductor being covered with an insulating layer; a water-blocking layer covering the cable core and the insulating layer; a shielding layer covering the water-blocking layer; an outer sheath covering the shielding layer and the light-emitting optical fiber unit, the outer sheath being made of a light-transmitting material; and a light-emitting optical fiber unit comprising a light-emitting optical fiber and a light-emitting module, the light-emitting optical fiber being arranged along the axial direction of the composite optical cable, the surface of the light-emitting optical fiber being uniformly coated with fluorescent resin, wherein the light-emitting optical fiber is controlled by transmission attenuation characteristics and the output mode of the light source module, the output mode being determined based on the detection signal collected by the vibration detection unit. Integrating high-speed communication transmission, low-voltage power transmission, path illumination indication, and distributed vibration detection functions into the same cable structure solves the problems of single function, insufficient practicality, and inadequate safety in related technologies of optical cables. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can obtain other embodiments based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a composite optical cable in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps of a monitoring method based on a composite optical cable in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] The above figures include the following reference numerals: 1. Communication optical fiber; 2. Fiber optic paste; 3. Loose tube; 4. Reinforcing member; 5. Shockproof detection unit; 6. Water-blocking layer; 7. Insulated wire; 8. Insulating isolation layer; 9. Shielding layer; 10. Light-emitting optical fiber unit; 11. Outer sheath. Detailed Implementation

[0021] Embodiments of the present invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While some embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and complete understanding of the present invention. It should be understood that the drawings and embodiments of the present invention are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] With the rapid development of fields such as smart buildings, underground utility tunnels, rail transit, and data centers, single-function optical cables can no longer meet the needs of complex scenarios.

[0023] In scenarios such as tunnels, utility tunnels, computer rooms, and rail transit, optical cables are susceptible to vibration, compression, impact, and geological deformation. Related monitoring methods require additional sensor deployment, which is complex, costly, and has poor compatibility. They cannot work in conjunction with the optical cable itself, resulting in insufficient practicality and safety.

[0024] Therefore, the present invention provides a composite optical cable comprising a cable core, an insulated conductor 7, an insulating isolation layer 8, a water-blocking layer 6, a shielding layer 9, a light-emitting optical fiber unit 10, and an outer sheath 11.

[0025] The cable core includes a reinforcing member 4, a communication optical fiber unit, and a shock-absorbing detection unit 5. The reinforcing member 4 is located at the geometric center of the composite optical cable cross section, and the communication optical fiber unit 1 and the shock-absorbing detection unit 5 are arranged around the reinforcing member 4.

[0026] Multiple insulated conductors 7 are arranged symmetrically relative to the cable core, and each insulated conductor 7 is covered with an insulating layer 8.

[0027] Water-blocking layer 6 covers the cable core and insulation layer 8.

[0028] The shielding layer 9 covers the water-blocking layer 6.

[0029] The outer sheath 11 covers the shielding layer 9 and the light-emitting optical fiber unit 10, and the outer sheath 11 is made of a light-transmitting material.

[0030] The light-emitting fiber unit 10 includes a light-emitting fiber and a light-emitting module. The light-emitting fiber is arranged along the axis of the composite optical cable. The surface of the light-emitting fiber is uniformly coated with fluorescent resin. The light-emitting fiber is controlled by the transmission attenuation characteristics and the output mode of the light source module. The output mode is determined based on the detection signal collected by the anti-vibration detection unit 5.

[0031] Reinforcing member 4 is made of FRP non-metallic or metallic material to provide overall tensile strength.

[0032] The surface of the luminescent optical fiber is uniformly coated with fluorescent resin. On one hand, this enhances the side-emitting effect of the optical fiber. When a light source (LED or laser) is introduced into the optical fiber, the fluorescent resin scatters and refracts the light signal inside the fiber, resulting in uniform and soft illumination on the surface of the optical cable, improving the clarity of path indication, especially suitable for dimly lit environments such as underground utility tunnels and corridors. On the other hand, the fluorescent resin coating has certain buffering and abrasion-resistant properties, protecting the surface of the optical fiber and preventing scratches during installation and use. It also provides slight waterproofing and corrosion resistance, extending the service life of the optical fiber. Furthermore, when the vibration detection unit 5 detects abnormal vibration or impact, the fluorescent resin coating flashes along with the optical fiber, further enhancing the visualization of the alarm and facilitating rapid fault location.

[0033] One end of the light-emitting optical fiber is connected to an external LED light source module (power of 0.5W to 1W). The light source module is powered by an insulated wire 7 (power transmission conductor). It can switch between two modes, constant light and flashing (flashing frequency of 1 to 3 times / second), through the back-end control module. These modes are used for normal path indication and abnormal alarm indication, respectively.

[0034] The seismic detection unit 5 adopts a distributed vibration sensing fiber or fiber optic grating sensing unit, which can monitor vibration signals, impact disturbances, extrusion deformation and geological vibration information along the optical cable in real time, and realize positioning and early warning.

[0035] The luminescent fiber unit 10 is linked with the vibration detection unit 5. When the vibration detection unit 5 detects abnormal vibration or impact, the luminescent fiber triggers an alarm to illuminate, thus enabling visual fault location.

[0036] The communication optical fiber, the light-emitting optical fiber, and the shock-proof detection unit 5 are arranged independently or share the same optical fiber carrier, extending along the optical cable axis.

[0037] The insulated wire 7 is made of insulated copper wire or copper-clad aluminum conductor, symmetrically arranged on the outer periphery of the cable core, and is used for low-voltage DC or AC power supply, which can power the light-emitting module, sensing module and terminal equipment.

[0038] The water-blocking layer 6 uses water-blocking yarn or water-blocking tape to form a longitudinal water-blocking structure, preventing water from seeping into the optical cable longitudinally and improving the service life of the optical cable in humid, underground, and outdoor environments.

[0039] An insulating layer 8 is provided to achieve electrical isolation between the optical unit and the conductor, preventing leakage and electromagnetic interference. A shielding layer 9 is provided to further reduce the interference of external electromagnetic signals on the communication optical fiber and the vibration sensing optical fiber, improving transmission and detection stability.

[0040] The outer sheath 11 is made of low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant material. It is sequentially arranged with a water-blocking layer 6, a shielding layer 9, and an outer sheath 11, and has waterproof, flame-retardant, impact-resistant, and environmentally resistant properties.

[0041] The communication fiber optic unit is used for optical signal communication transmission, the light-emitting fiber optic unit 10 is used for path indication and fault alarm, the shock detection unit 5 is used for vibration, impact, compression and displacement monitoring, and the insulated wire 7 (power transmission conductor) is used for low-voltage power transmission. These four functional units are integrated inside the same cable body. In other words, the composite optical cable provided in this embodiment is a multifunctional composite optical cable that integrates communication transmission, power transmission, light-emitting indication and shock detection.

[0042] This embodiment integrates high-speed communication transmission, low-voltage power transmission, path illumination indication, and distributed vibration detection into a single cable structure. This allows a single optical cable to simultaneously provide data transmission, equipment power supply, visual identification, external force vibration, impact, and compression monitoring, as well as safety early warning functions. It can be widely applied in intelligent buildings, underground utility tunnels, rail transit, data centers, tunnels, and security scenarios, offering advantages such as high integration, reliability, convenient operation and maintenance, and wide applicability. It addresses the issues of limited functionality, insufficient practicality, and inadequate safety in related optical cables.

[0043] Preferably, the vibration detection unit 5 is a distributed vibration sensing fiber, the sensitivity of which is 0.01g~0.1g and the positioning accuracy error is no more than ±5m.

[0044] Distributed vibration sensing fiber is twisted together with communication and light-emitting fibers inside the cable core. The distributed vibration sensing fiber uses single-mode sensing fiber with a diameter of 125μm, and is physically isolated from the communication fiber and arranged independently to avoid mutual interference. The vibration detection unit 5 is sensitive to external vibrations, compression, impacts, displacement, and geological disturbances. Through backend demodulation equipment such as a distributed fiber vibration demodulator, it can acquire vibration signals along the cable line, identify disturbance types, and alarm and locate abnormal events, achieving vibration resistance and structural health monitoring of the optical cable and its surrounding environment. Disturbance types include construction impacts, equipment vibrations, and geological deformation.

[0045] When the vibration detection unit 5 detects an abnormal disturbance, such as a vibration intensity exceeding a preset threshold of 0.05g, the back-end demodulation device outputs an alarm signal and simultaneously controls the light source module of the light-emitting fiber unit 10 to switch the light-emitting fiber to a flashing mode. Combined with the enhanced light-emitting effect of the fluorescent resin coating, the abnormal disturbance, alarm signal, and flashing light are linked together, making it easy for maintenance personnel to quickly locate the fault area.

[0046] Preferably, the light-emitting optical fiber is a side-emitting plastic optical fiber or a quartz side-emitting optical fiber, with a core diameter of 0.5mm to 1.0mm and a cladding thickness of 0.1mm to 0.2mm. The light-emitting optical fiber unit 10 is arranged along the optical cable axis and is used for path marking, emergency indication, and fault alarm illumination.

[0047] Preferably, the coating thickness of the fluorescent resin is 0.05mm to 0.1mm, and the coating uniformity error does not exceed ±0.01mm. The fluorescent resin coating uses a fluorescent modified resin with good light transmittance, aging resistance, and high temperature resistance.

[0048] Preferably, the reinforcing member 4 is made of fiber-reinforced plastic (FRP), and its diameter is 2.0mm to 3.0mm. It provides overall axial tensile strength to the optical cable, ensuring that the optical fiber is not affected by stress during laying, stretching, and long-term use.

[0049] Preferably, the communication optical fiber unit includes a communication optical fiber 1, fiber optic paste 2, and a loose tube 3. The fiber optic paste 2 fills the loose tube 3 and covers the communication optical fiber 1. The fiber optic paste 2 filling the loose tube 3 serves to buffer, block water, and protect the communication optical fiber 1.

[0050] Communication fiber 1 adopts G.652D single-mode communication fiber or G.657A2 bend-insensitive fiber to realize high-speed, long-distance optical communication signal transmission.

[0051] At least one set of communication fiber optic units is arranged around the reinforcing member 4. This is used for high-speed data, signal, and network communication transmission.

[0052] Preferably, at least two insulated wires 7 (power transmission conductors) are symmetrically arranged on the outside of the cable core. The insulated wires 7 are multi-stranded copper wires with an outer insulation layer, used for low-voltage DC or AC power transmission, and can supply power to the light source module, vibration detection demodulation module and terminal low-voltage equipment.

[0053] Preferably, the outer sheath 11 is made of LSZH flame-retardant polyolefin, which has flame-retardant, low-smoke, halogen-free, impact-resistant, wear-resistant and aging-resistant properties, and is suitable for scenarios with high safety requirements such as intelligent buildings, underground pipe corridors, rail transit, and data centers.

[0054] Please refer to Figure 2 As shown, this invention provides a monitoring method based on any of the aforementioned composite optical cables, including steps S201 to S204. The output modes of the aforementioned light source module include a first output mode and a second output mode.

[0055] Step S201: Real-time acquisition of detection signals along the composite optical cable based on the anti-vibration detection unit 5.

[0056] Step S202: Based on the demodulation device receiving the detection signal, if the disturbance intensity of the detection signal is greater than a preset intensity threshold, the abnormal information is determined by combining optical time domain reflectance (OTDR) technology, and a control signal is generated.

[0057] Step S203: Based on the control signal, the light source module is controlled to be in the first output mode, so that the fiber segment in the light-emitting fiber corresponding to the abnormal information emits light.

[0058] Step S204: When the disturbance intensity of the detected signal is less than or equal to the preset intensity threshold, the light source module is kept in the second output mode and the light source module outputs stable continuous light.

[0059] After controlling the light source module to be in the first output mode based on the control signal, the above method further includes: issuing a mode switching feedback signal based on the light source module; receiving the mode switching feedback signal based on the demodulation device, and determining that the linkage is successful if the mode switching feedback signal matches the detection signal; and reissuing the control signal if the mode switching feedback signal does not match the detection signal, or if the demodulation device does not receive the mode switching feedback signal within a preset time.

[0060] When the light source module is in the first output mode, it outputs flashing light with a flashing cycle of 0.5 seconds on and 0.5 seconds off, and a flashing frequency of 1Hz. When the light source module is in the second output mode, it outputs stable and continuous light.

[0061] When the disturbance intensity of the detected signal is greater than the preset intensity threshold, the abnormal information is determined by combining optical time domain reflectance (OTDR) technology, and a control signal is generated. This includes: when the disturbance intensity of the detected signal is greater than the preset intensity threshold and the duration of the detected signal is greater than or equal to 300ms, the abnormal information is determined by combining optical time domain reflectance (OTDR) technology, and an alarm signal and a control signal are generated. The alarm signal is sent to the operation and maintenance terminal or an audible and visual alarm device.

[0062] Taking the vibration detection unit 5 as an example, which uses a vibration sensing fiber, the vibration detection unit 5 is laid in the monitoring area, and the preset vibration intensity threshold is 0.05g. When an abnormal disturbance occurs, such as equipment vibration or external impact, and the vibration intensity exceeds 0.05g, the vibration sensing fiber converts the vibration signal into a change in optical signal through the Rayleigh scattering effect. Specifically, it is a small fluctuation in light intensity and phase. The fluctuation amplitude is positively correlated with the vibration intensity. The optical signal carrying the abnormal information is transmitted to the back-end demodulation equipment in real time through a dedicated transmission link, such as a single-mode fiber. The transmission wavelength is selected in the 1550nm low-loss band to avoid missed detections caused by signal attenuation.

[0063] Next, the vibration sensing fiber needs to continuously output optical signal codes corresponding to the normal or abnormal state. Specifically, it outputs a stable light intensity signal in the normal state and a periodically fluctuating light signal in the abnormal state, providing a basis for signal identification of the demodulation equipment and enabling linkage with the light-emitting fiber.

[0064] After receiving the optical signal (detection signal) transmitted from the vibration sensing fiber optic cable, the backend demodulation equipment extracts the weak vibration modulation signal through a lock-in amplifier, and then filters and demodulates it to restore the vibration intensity parameters. When a vibration intensity ≥ 0.05g is detected, a dual-channel signal output is immediately triggered: one is an alarm signal, output to the maintenance terminal and audible and visual alarms; the other is a linkage control command (control signal), specifically a digital control signal transmitted using the RS485 protocol, adapted to the control requirements of the light source module of the emitting fiber optic cable. This link is the core relay node for signal coordination, requiring synchronization between vibration signal analysis and control command issuance to ensure no delay between the alarm signal and the linkage command. Simultaneously, the control command must be bound to the abnormal signal of the vibration sensing fiber optic cable to avoid false triggering. For example, a flashing control command (control signal) is only issued when the vibration sensing fiber optic cable continuously outputs an abnormal optical signal ≥ 300ms.

[0065] The light source module of the light-emitting fiber unit, such as the laser diode, receives control commands from the back-end demodulation equipment in real time and completes mode switching: Under normal conditions, the light source module outputs stable and continuous light with moderate intensity, and the fluorescent resin coating is in a low-brightness state, which does not affect normal operation and maintenance; when a linkage control command is received, the light source module immediately switches to flashing mode, with the flashing parameters preset to 0.5s on and 0.5s off, and a flashing frequency of 1Hz, which is suitable for human eye recognition and facilitates rapid positioning.

[0066] Meanwhile, the detection signal transmitted by the vibration sensing fiber optic cable contains the location information of the fault area. OTDR (Optical Time Domain Reflectometry) positioning is used, with an error ≤1m. The backend demodulation equipment synchronously embeds the location information into control commands, and the emitting fiber switches to flashing mode only on the fiber segment corresponding to the fault area, rather than flashing the entire segment, further improving positioning efficiency.

[0067] Specifically, the aforementioned location information refers to the exact distance from the demodulation device. After the vibration sensing fiber locates the fault area using OTDR technology, it converts the location information with an error ≤1m into a dedicated optical signal code. This code is then transmitted synchronously to the backend demodulation device along with the abnormal vibration signal (a detection signal whose disturbance intensity exceeds a preset intensity threshold). The demodulation device parses the location code, converts it into a distance identification command, and merges it with the flicker control command to form a composite control command for the flicker mode and fault distance. Digital encoding is used to distinguish different distance areas, and a check code is used to ensure the accuracy of the command. The emitting fiber uses full-range optical signal addressing control. Its light source module has a built-in distance recognition module that can parse the distance identifier in the composite control command in real time, accurately identify the fiber segment corresponding to the fault area, and combine this with adjusting the transmission attenuation of the optical signal to ensure that the fiber segment corresponding to the fault area receives a sufficiently strong flicker drive optical signal. The optical signal intensity of the fiber segment in the non-fault area is attenuated to the point that it cannot trigger the flicker mode due to the transmission attenuation characteristics, thus achieving non-full-segment flicker. When the optical fiber flashes, the fluorescent resin coating increases the brightness by 30%-50% through light reflection and scattering, ensuring that even in complex environments such as underground pipe networks and equipment rooms, maintenance personnel can quickly identify the fault area.

[0068] After the emitting fiber switches to flashing mode, the light source module outputs a mode switching feedback signal (analog signal), which is transmitted to the demodulation device at the back end. Upon receiving the mode switching feedback signal, the demodulation device compares it with the abnormal signal (a detection signal where the disturbance intensity exceeds a preset intensity threshold) from the vibration sensing fiber to confirm successful linkage. If no feedback signal is received, the control command is immediately reissued, and a secondary alarm is triggered. When the vibration sensing fiber detects that the vibration intensity has dropped below 0.05g, the abnormality is resolved, and it immediately transmits a light signal indicating that normal operation has resumed. Upon receiving this signal, the demodulation device issues a command to stop flashing and restore continuous light, and the emitting fiber returns to normal, forming a closed-loop coordination of acquisition, analysis, linkage, and feedback.

[0069] In summary, the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention can solve the problems of limited functionality, lack of practicality and security of optical cables in related technologies.

[0070] The present invention also provides a non-transitory machine-readable medium storing a computer program, wherein the computer program, when executed by a computer's processor, is used to cause the computer to perform a method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0071] The present invention also provides a computer program product, including a computer program, wherein the computer program, when executed by a computer's processor, is used to cause the computer to perform the method of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0072] Computer programs for implementing the methods of embodiments of the present invention may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These computer programs may be provided to a processor or controller of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus, such that when executed by the processor or controller, the computer programs cause the functions / operations specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams to be performed. The computer programs may be executed entirely on a machine, partially on a machine, or as a standalone software package, partially on a machine and partially on a remote machine, or entirely on a remote machine or server.

[0073] In the context of embodiments of this invention, a machine-readable medium can be a tangible medium that may contain or store a program for use by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. A machine-readable medium can be a machine-readable signal medium or a machine-readable storage medium. A machine-readable signal medium may include, but is not limited to, electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, or infrared systems, apparatus, or devices, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of machine-readable storage media include electrical connections based on one or more wires, portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fibers, portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

[0074] It should be noted that the term "comprising" and its variations used in the embodiments of this invention are open-ended, meaning "including but not limited to". The term "based on" means "at least partially based on". The term "one embodiment" means "at least one embodiment"; the term "another embodiment" means "at least one additional embodiment"; the term "some embodiments" means "at least some embodiments". The modifications of "one" and "a plurality" mentioned in the embodiments of this invention are illustrative and not restrictive, and those skilled in the art should understand that unless explicitly indicated otherwise in the context, they should be understood as "one or more". The descriptions of terms such as "first", "second", etc., are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features.

[0075] The user information (including but not limited to user device information, user personal information, etc.) and data (including but not limited to data used for analysis, stored data, displayed data, etc.) involved in the embodiments of this invention are subject to strict compliance with relevant laws, regulations, and regulatory requirements in their collection, storage, use, processing, transmission, provision, and disclosure, and adhere to the principles of legality, legitimacy, necessity, and good faith. The acquisition of relevant information and data is premised on the user's explicit consent or other legitimate reasons, and a clear and convenient authorization management approach is provided to the user, allowing the user to independently choose to consent, withdraw consent, or refuse to provide relevant information. For functions that rely on user information, if the user does not authorize or withdraws authorization, the corresponding technical function cannot be implemented, and the technical solution of this invention is not applicable in this scenario.

[0076] The steps described in the method embodiments provided by the present invention can be performed in different orders and / or in parallel. Furthermore, the method embodiments may include additional steps and / or omit the steps shown. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited in this respect.

[0077] The term "embodiment" in this specification refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment that may be included in at least one embodiment of the invention. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily imply the same embodiment, nor does it imply independence or alternativeity from other embodiments. The various embodiments in this specification are described in a related manner, with reference to each other for similar or identical parts. In particular, for apparatus, device, and system embodiments, since they are substantially similar to method embodiments, the description is relatively simple, and relevant details are referred to in the description of the method embodiments.

[0078] The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the inventive concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A composite optical cable, characterized in that, It includes the cable core, insulated conductor, insulating layer, water-blocking layer, shielding layer, light-emitting fiber unit, and outer sheath; The cable core includes a reinforcing member, a communication optical fiber unit, and a shock-absorbing detection unit. The reinforcing member is located at the geometric center of the composite optical cable cross-section, and the communication optical fiber unit and the shock-absorbing detection unit are arranged around the reinforcing member. Multiple insulated conductors are symmetrically arranged relative to the cable core, and each insulated conductor is covered with the insulating layer; The water-blocking layer covers the cable core and the insulating layer; The shielding layer covers the water-blocking layer; The outer sheath covers the shielding layer and the light-emitting optical fiber unit, and the outer sheath is made of a light-transmitting material; The light-emitting fiber unit includes a light-emitting fiber and a light-emitting module. The light-emitting fiber is arranged along the axial direction of the composite optical cable. The surface of the light-emitting fiber is uniformly coated with fluorescent resin. The light-emitting fiber is controlled by the transmission attenuation characteristics and the output mode of the light source module. The output mode is determined based on the detection signal collected by the shockproof detection unit.

2. The composite optical cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vibration detection unit is a distributed vibration sensing fiber, with a sensitivity of 0.01g to 0.1g and a positioning accuracy error of no more than ±5m.

3. The composite optical cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light-emitting optical fiber is a side-emitting plastic optical fiber or a quartz side-emitting optical fiber, the core diameter of the light-emitting optical fiber is 0.5mm~1.0mm, and the cladding thickness of the light-emitting optical fiber is 0.1mm~0.2mm.

4. The composite optical cable according to claim 3, characterized in that, The coating thickness of the fluorescent resin is 0.05mm to 0.1mm, and the coating uniformity error does not exceed ±0.01mm.

5. The composite optical cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reinforcing member is made of fiber-reinforced plastic (FRP) and has a diameter of 2.0 mm to 3.0 mm.

6. The composite optical cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The communication optical fiber unit includes a communication optical fiber, fiber optic paste, and loose tube; The fiber paste is filled into the loose tube and covers the communication optical fiber.

7. A monitoring method based on composite optical cables, characterized in that, The composite optical cable is the composite optical cable according to any one of claims 1 to 6, the output mode of the light source module includes a first output mode and a second output mode, and the monitoring method includes: The vibration detection unit collects detection signals along the composite optical cable in real time. Based on the detection signal received by the demodulation device, when the disturbance intensity of the detection signal is greater than a preset intensity threshold, the abnormal information is determined by combining optical time domain reflectance (OTDR) technology, and a control signal is generated. Based on the control signal, the light source module is controlled to be in the first output mode, so that the fiber segment in the light-emitting fiber corresponding to the abnormal information emits light. When the disturbance intensity of the detected signal is less than or equal to the preset intensity threshold, the light source module is kept in the second output mode, and the light source module outputs stable continuous light.

8. The monitoring method according to claim 7, characterized in that, After controlling the light source module to be in the first output mode based on the control signal, the method further includes: The light source module emits a mode switching feedback signal; Based on the demodulation device receiving the mode switching feedback signal, if the mode switching feedback signal matches the detection signal, the linkage is determined to be successful; If the mode switching feedback signal does not match the detection signal, or if the demodulation device does not receive the mode switching feedback signal within a preset time, the control signal is re-issued.

9. The monitoring method according to claim 8, characterized in that, When the light source module is in the first output mode, the light source module outputs flashing light, and the flashing light has a flashing cycle of 0.5 seconds on and 0.5 seconds off, with a flashing frequency of 1Hz.

10. The monitoring method according to claim 7, characterized in that, When the disturbance intensity of the detected signal exceeds a preset intensity threshold, anomaly information is determined using Optical Time Domain Reflectometry (OTDR), and a control signal is generated, including: When the disturbance intensity of the detected signal is greater than the preset intensity threshold and the duration of the detected signal is greater than or equal to 300ms, the abnormal information is determined by combining optical time domain reflectance (OTDR) technology, and an alarm signal and the control signal are generated. The alarm signal is sent to the operation and maintenance terminal or an audible and visual alarm device.

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