High current intelligent fuse

Abstract

This application provides a high-current intelligent fuse, including a fuse housing, a conductor, and a signal protection element. The conductor has at least one first weak point, a signal fuse element, a first wiring portion, and a second wiring portion. The at least one first weak point is housed within the fuse housing. The signal fuse element is disposed outside the fuse housing. The first wiring portion is located at a first end of the conductor and extends beyond the fuse housing. The second wiring portion is located at a second end of the conductor and extends beyond the fuse housing. The signal protection element is clamped onto the signal fuse element and has a signal chamber within it, in which the signal fuse element is housed. By spatially separating the signal fuse element from the first weak point, heat accumulation inside the fuse housing is avoided, thus improving the reliability of the fuse.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of emergency protection device technology, specifically relating to a high-current intelligent fuse. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of new energy vehicles towards higher voltage and higher power, and the gradual popularization of 800V and above voltage platforms, the rated current carrying capacity of core high-voltage circuits such as battery pack main circuits and electric drive systems is constantly increasing. This places stringent requirements on the reliability, breaking performance, and intelligence level of circuit protection devices. As a core protection component of the high-voltage circuit in new energy vehicles, intelligent fuses integrate the overcurrent protection function of traditional fuses with intelligent monitoring, prediction, and control capabilities. They can collect circuit current signals in real time, enabling fault prediction, precise fault breaking, and fault data feedback. Widely used in key scenarios such as the main circuit of new energy vehicle battery packs, high-voltage distribution boxes, and charging / discharging circuits, they are the last crucial line of defense for ensuring the safe and stable operation of the high-voltage system in new energy vehicles. Their performance directly determines the safety and reliability of the entire vehicle's high-voltage system, aligning with the development trend of high voltage and intelligence in new energy vehicles.

[0003] Currently, the rated current of high-voltage circuits in new energy vehicles has generally reached hundreds of amperes. During long-term use, the conductive copper busbars connected to the main circuit of smart fuses generate a lot of heat, especially near the weak points on the conductive copper busbars that need to be broken and the signal fuses connected in series between the conductive copper busbars, which are two high-resistance heat sources. The current practice is to design both of them inside a single housing, which causes the heat generated by the two to be amplified and makes it difficult to dissipate the heat quickly, seriously affecting the reliability of the product. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a high-current intelligent fuse, which aims to improve the reliability of the fuse by spatially separating the signal fuse element from the first weak part of the disconnection, thereby avoiding the accumulation of heat inside the fuse housing.

[0005] This application provides a high-current intelligent fuse, including a fuse housing, a conductor, and a signal protection element; the conductor is provided with at least one first disconnect weak point, a signal fuse element, a first wiring portion, and a second wiring portion, the at least one first disconnect weak point being housed in the fuse housing, the signal fuse element being disposed outside the fuse housing, the first wiring portion being disposed at a first end of the conductor and extending outside the fuse housing, and the second wiring portion being disposed at a second end of the conductor and extending outside the fuse housing; the signal protection element is clamped on the signal fuse element, and a signal chamber is provided in the signal protection element, the signal fuse element being housed in the signal chamber.

[0006] In one possible embodiment, the fuse housing comprises multiple layers of housing, which are arranged in an overlapping manner.

[0007] In one possible embodiment, the multi-layer housing includes a first sub-housing and multiple second sub-housings. The first sub-housing includes an inner component and an outer component. The inner component has a first penetrating cavity, and the outer component has a second penetrating cavity. The inner component has a first opening that communicates with the first penetrating cavity. The outer component has a second opening that communicates with the second penetrating cavity. The conductor passes through the first penetrating cavity and the second penetrating cavity in sequence, and the first wiring portion exits the first penetrating cavity from the first opening, and the second wiring portion exits the second penetrating cavity from the second opening. The multiple second sub-housings overlap with the inner component and cover the two openings of the first penetrating cavity. The outer component is covered with a first cover plate and a second cover plate to form the signal protection component. The first cover plate and the second cover plate cover the second penetrating cavity to form the signal chamber.

[0008] In one possible embodiment, the high-current smart fuse further includes at least one additional component having a fourth through cavity; the additional component is configured to be positioned between the first cover plate and the second through cavity according to the rated current of the high-current smart fuse, so that the fourth through cavity communicates with the second through cavity; or, the additional component is configured to be positioned between the second cover plate and the second through cavity according to the rated current of the high-current smart fuse, so that the fourth through cavity communicates with the second through cavity.

[0009] In one possible embodiment, a first opening and a second opening are provided on at least one layer of the multilayer housing. The first wiring portion extends out of the fuse housing through the first opening, and the second wiring portion extends out of the fuse housing through the second opening. The signal protection element extends a first connecting portion from the outer wall of the signal chamber, and the first connecting portion enters the second opening. The fuse housing clamps and fixes the first connecting portion in the second opening.

[0010] In one possible embodiment, the signal protection component includes a signal housing, a third cover plate, and a fourth cover plate; the signal housing has a third penetrating cavity, the first connecting portion is disposed on the signal housing, and the third cover plate and the fourth cover plate respectively cover the two end openings of the third penetrating cavity to form the signal chamber.

[0011] In one possible embodiment, the high-current smart fuse further includes at least one additional component having a fourth through cavity; the additional component is configured to be disposed between the third cover plate and the third through cavity according to the rated current of the high-current smart fuse, so that the fourth through cavity communicates with the third through cavity; or, the additional component is configured to be disposed between the fourth cover plate and the third through cavity according to the rated current of the high-current smart fuse, so that the fourth through cavity communicates with the third through cavity.

[0012] In one possible embodiment, each of the multi-layer housings is provided with a joint portion for connecting to adjacent housings, and each pair of adjacent housings is fixed together by the joint portion.

[0013] In one possible embodiment, the fuse housing is provided with one or more first receiving chambers; an ignition device and a first impact member are provided in the first receiving chambers, the fuse housing is provided with a constricted portion, and the ignition device is clamped in the constricted portion; the first impact member is disposed in the direction of the high-pressure gas ejection of the ignition device; the first disconnect weak portion is disposed in the impact direction of the first impact member.

[0014] In one possible embodiment, the fuse housing is provided with one or more second receiving chambers; a second impact member is housed in the second receiving chamber, the second impact member is provided with a first fixing part, an arc-extinguishing fusible element is fixed on the first fixing part, and the two ends of the arc-extinguishing fusible element are respectively connected to the two ends of the at least one first weak point; the second receiving chamber is provided with a third opening, the third opening being located in the impact direction of the second impact member; when the second impact member impacts along the impact direction, it enters the second receiving chamber through the third opening to impact the second impact member, thereby breaking the arc-extinguishing fusible element fixed on the first fixing part.

[0015] As can be seen, the high-current intelligent fuse of this application includes a fuse housing, a conductor, and a signal protection component. The conductor is provided with at least one first weak point, a signal fuse element, a first wiring portion, and a second wiring portion. The at least one first weak point is housed within the fuse housing. The signal fuse element is disposed outside the fuse housing. The first wiring portion is disposed at a first end of the conductor and extends beyond the fuse housing. The second wiring portion is disposed at a second end of the conductor and extends beyond the fuse housing. The signal protection component is clamped onto the signal fuse element and has a signal chamber within it, in which the signal fuse element is housed. Thus, by spatially separating the signal fuse element from the first weak point, heat accumulation inside the fuse housing is avoided, improving the reliability of the fuse. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the high-current intelligent fuse provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the high-current intelligent fuse provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second impact member provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second impactor and the arc-extinguishing melt provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second impact member and the arc-extinguishing melt provided in the second sub-shell according to the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0019] The terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but may optionally include steps or units not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, systems, products, or apparatuses.

[0020] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0021] Currently, the rated current of high-voltage circuits in new energy vehicles has generally reached hundreds of amperes. During long-term use, the conductive copper busbars connected to the main circuit of smart fuses generate a lot of heat, especially near the weak points on the conductive copper busbars that need to be broken and the signal fuses connected in series between the conductive copper busbars, which are two high-resistance heat sources. The current practice is to design both of them inside a single housing, which causes the heat generated by the two to be amplified and makes it difficult to dissipate the heat quickly, seriously affecting the reliability of the product.

[0022] To address the aforementioned problems, this application provides a high-current intelligent fuse. This high-current intelligent fuse can be applied to scenarios involving the protection of high-current circuits. The high-current intelligent fuse of this application includes a fuse housing, a conductor, and a signal protection component. The conductor is provided with at least one first weak point, a signal fuse element, a first wiring portion, and a second wiring portion. The at least one first weak point is housed within the fuse housing. The signal fuse element is disposed outside the fuse housing. The first wiring portion is located at a first end of the conductor and extends beyond the fuse housing. The second wiring portion is located at a second end of the conductor and extends beyond the fuse housing. The signal protection component is clamped onto the signal fuse element and has a signal chamber within it, in which the signal fuse element is housed. By spatially separating the signal fuse element from the first weak point, heat accumulation inside the fuse housing is avoided, improving the reliability of the fuse. This solution is applicable to various scenarios, including but not limited to the applications mentioned above.

[0023] The specific structure of the fuse is described in detail below.

[0024] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2This application also provides a high-current intelligent fuse 10, including a fuse housing 100, a conductor (not labeled in the figure), and a signal protection element 300; the conductor is provided with at least one first disconnect weak point 210, a signal fuse 220, a first wiring portion 230, and a second wiring portion 240, the at least one first disconnect weak point 210 being housed in the fuse housing 100, the signal fuse 220 being disposed outside the fuse housing 100, the first wiring portion 230 being disposed at a first end of the conductor and extending outside the fuse housing 100, and the second wiring portion 240 being disposed at a second end of the conductor and extending outside the fuse housing 100; the signal protection element 300 is clamped on the signal fuse 220, and a signal chamber 310 is provided in the signal protection element 300, the signal fuse 220 being housed in the signal chamber 310.

[0025] In this specific implementation, the first weak point 210 of the conductor is located inside the fuse housing 100, and the signal fuse 220 is located outside the fuse housing 100. The fuse housing 100 separates the first weak point 210 from the signal fuse 220. Since the signal fuse 220 is exposed, a signal protection element 300 is fitted onto the signal fuse 220. This signal protection element 300 houses the signal fuse 220 within the internal signal chamber 310 to seal and protect the signal fuse 220, preventing the arc and molten slag from spilling out when the signal chamber 310 melts.

[0026] As can be seen, in this embodiment, by independently setting the signal fuse 220 chamber outside the main body housing of the smart fuse, and by spatially separating the signal fuse 220 from the first disconnect weak part 210, the heat accumulation inside the fuse housing 100 is avoided, thereby improving the reliability of the fuse.

[0027] In one possible embodiment, the fuse housing 100 includes multiple housings 110, which are arranged in an overlapping manner.

[0028] In specific implementations, the fuse in this application embodiment can be an integral fuse housing 100 or composed of multiple layers of housing 110. The multi-layer housing 110 structure allows the fuse to be freely assembled and disassembled, or a damaged housing can be replaced by adding a new housing, or the number of housing layers can be increased or decreased according to actual needs to adjust the size of the fuse housing 100, thereby enabling the fuse to adapt to various circuit environments, such as rated current environments of tens of amps, hundreds of amps, one thousand amps, two thousand amps or larger or smaller rated current environments.

[0029] Optionally, the structural relationship between the signal protection element 300 and the housing can be varied, which will be described below through two embodiments.

[0030] Example 1: In one example, the multi-layer housing 110 includes a first sub-housing 120 and multiple second sub-housings 130. The first sub-housing 120 includes an inner component 121 and an outer component 122. The inner component 121 has a first penetrating cavity, and the outer component 122 has a second penetrating cavity. The inner component 121 has a first opening 1211, which communicates with the first penetrating cavity. The outer component 122 has a second opening 1221, which communicates with the second penetrating cavity. The conductor passes sequentially through the first penetrating cavity and the second penetrating cavity. The first wiring portion 230 extends out of the first penetration cavity from the first opening 1211, and the second wiring portion 240 extends out of the second penetration cavity from the second opening 1221. The multi-layer second sub-shell 130 overlaps with the inner component 121 and covers both ends of the first penetration cavity through the multi-layer second sub-shell 130. The outer component 122 is respectively covered with a first cover plate 320 and a second cover plate 330 to form the signal protection component 300. The first cover plate 320 and the second cover plate 330 cover the second penetration cavity to form the signal chamber 310.

[0031] In a specific implementation, this embodiment extends an outer component 122 from the original second sub-shell 130 shape to form a first sub-shell 120 including an inner component 121 and an outer component 122. The size of the inner component 121 is adapted to the size of the second sub-shell 130, and the outer component 122 is used to combine with the first cover plate 320 and the second cover plate 330 to form a signal protection component 300. The inner component 121 is provided with a first penetrating cavity. The inner component 121 is overlapped with the multi-layer second sub-shell 130 to seal the first penetrating cavity, so that the inner component 121 and the multi-layer second sub-shell 130 are combined to form an internal cavity in the fuse housing 100. The first disconnect weak part 210 is provided in the internal cavity, and at the same time, the first sub-shell 120 is clamped between the multi-layer second sub-shell 130 to simultaneously fix the outer component 122. The outer component 122 is provided with a second penetrating cavity. The outer component 122 is combined with the first cover plate 320 and the second cover plate 330 to form a signal protection component 300. That is, the signal fuse 220 is housed in the second penetrating cavity. Then, the first cover plate 320 and the second cover plate 330 respectively cover the two ends of the second penetrating cavity to form a signal chamber 310.

[0032] Furthermore, the first penetration cavity and the second penetration cavity may not be connected. The conductor can pass through the first penetration cavity and the second penetration cavity in sequence, but there is only an opening between the first penetration cavity and the second penetration cavity that allows the conductor to pass through (such as the first opening 1211, the second opening 1221 and other internal openings or through holes).

[0033] Furthermore, since the outer component 122 is an extension of the inner component 121, the inner component 121 and the outer component 122 are integrally formed. In addition, the conductor can be integrally formed with the first sub-shell 120. The conductor and the first sub-shell 120 can also be a separate structure. For example, the conductor can be detached from the first sub-shell 120. In this scheme, the conductor can be connected to the first sub-shell 120 by means of bonding, welding or screw fixing, etc., without being limited to a single type.

[0034] Specifically, the first wiring portion 230 and the second wiring portion 240 of the conductor are used to connect to the main circuit in series. The conductor is fixed and positioned by the first sub-housing 120.

[0035] For example, the signal chamber 310 may also be filled with an arc-extinguishing medium, which surrounds the signal melt 220. The arc-extinguishing medium may be quartz sand or other materials to improve the heat dissipation capacity of the signal melt 220, and at the same time extinguish the electric arc generated by the signal melt 220 when it melts.

[0036] As can be seen, in this embodiment, the housing of the high-current smart fuse 10 is set as the carrier of the signal protection component 300. While achieving the purpose of spatial isolation between the first disconnect weak part 210 and the signal fuse 220, the signal protection component 300 can also be more stably attached to the outside of the fuse housing 100, which further improves the reliability of the high-current smart fuse 10.

[0037] In one possible embodiment, at least one additional component 340 is further included, the additional component 340 being provided with a fourth through cavity; the additional component 340 is configured to be disposed between the first cover plate 320 and the second through cavity according to the rated current of the high-current smart fuse 10, so that the fourth through cavity communicates with the second through cavity; or, the additional component 340 is configured to be disposed between the second cover plate 330 and the second through cavity according to the rated current of the high-current smart fuse 10, so that the fourth through cavity communicates with the second through cavity.

[0038] In a specific implementation, the cavity accommodating the signal melt 220 in this embodiment is designed as an independent signal chamber 310. The signal chamber 310 includes an integrally formed outer component 122. The outer component 122, the first cover plate 320, and the second cover plate 330 form an expandable signal chamber 310 that can be increased in size according to the rated current of the product.

[0039] Specifically, the signal chamber 310 is designed to improve the heat dissipation capacity of the signal fuse 220 and reduce the product temperature rise. When the product rated current is higher or the customer has strict requirements for the product temperature rise characteristics, the attachment 340 can be added between the outer component 122 and the first cover plate 320, or between the outer component 122 and the second cover plate 330, to expand the size of the signal protection component 300 and thus increase the internal volume of the signal chamber 310. This allows for an increase in the amount of arc-extinguishing medium filling in the signal chamber 310, thereby improving the arc-extinguishing and heat dissipation capacity of the fuse and reducing the product temperature rise.

[0040] Example 2: In one possible embodiment, a first opening 1211 and a second opening 1221 are provided on at least one layer of the multilayer housing 110. The first wiring portion 230 extends out of the fuse housing 100 through the first opening 1211, and the second wiring portion 240 extends out of the fuse housing 100 through the second opening 1221. The signal protection member 300 extends a first connecting portion from the outer wall of the signal chamber 310, and the first connecting portion passes through the second opening 1221. The fuse housing 100 clamps and fixes the first connecting portion in the second opening 1221.

[0041] In a specific implementation, this embodiment can have a first opening 1211 and a second opening 1221 formed on one of the layers of the multi-layer housing 110, or between two layers of housing (i.e., the openings are distributed on both layers of housing), or on the multi-layer housing 110 or all of the housings (i.e., the openings are distributed on the multi-layer housing 110 or all of the housings). Then, the conductor passes through the first opening 1211 and exits through the second opening 1221, or vice versa, so that the first wiring portion 230 protrudes from the first opening 1211 outside the fuse housing 100, and the second wiring portion 240 protrudes from the second opening 1221 outside the fuse housing 100.

[0042] Furthermore, a first connecting portion extends from the signal protection component 300 and penetrates into the second opening 1221 to engage with the fuse housing 100. A second fixing portion 172 is provided at the first opening 1211. This first fixing portion 172 can surround the first opening 1211 or be provided only at a part of the first opening 1211. A third fixing portion is correspondingly provided on the first connecting portion. When the first connecting portion penetrates into the first opening 1211, the second fixing portion and the third fixing portion engage to fix the signal protection component 300 to the fuse housing 100, thereby achieving the purpose of the signal protection component 300 being externally mounted outside the fuse housing 100.

[0043] As can be seen, in this embodiment, the signal protection component 300 and the fuse housing 100 are separate structures, which allows the signal protection housing to be detachably connected to the fuse housing 100. This achieves isolation between the signal fuse 220 and the first disconnect weak part 210, while also allowing the signal protection component 300 to be detached and replaced, thereby improving the service life and reliability of the high-current intelligent fuse 10.

[0044] Furthermore, the signal protection component 300 includes a signal housing, a third cover plate, and a fourth cover plate; the signal housing has a third penetration cavity, the first connecting portion is disposed on the signal housing, and the third cover plate and the fourth cover plate respectively cover the two end openings of the third penetration cavity to form the signal chamber 310.

[0045] The basic structure of the signal protection component 300 in Embodiment 2 is the same as that in Embodiment 1, except that it is structurally related to the fuse housing 100. In Embodiment 1, a part of the structure of the signal protection component 300 is integrally formed with the first sub-housing 120 in the fuse housing 100, and then combined with the first cover plate 320 and the second cover plate 330 to form the signal protection component 300. In Embodiment 2, the signal protection component 300 is completely separated from the fuse housing 100 and is formed by the combination of the signal housing, the third cover plate and the fourth cover plate.

[0046] As can be seen, in this embodiment, by combining the separate components into a signal protection component 300, the signal fuse 220 is protected and the signal fuse 220 is isolated from the first disconnect weak part 210, thereby improving the reliability of the high-current smart fuse 10.

[0047] Furthermore, it also includes at least one attachment 340, which is provided with a fourth through cavity; the attachment 340 is configured to be disposed between the third cover plate and the third through cavity according to the rated current of the high-current smart fuse 10, so that the fourth through cavity is connected to the third through cavity; or, the attachment 340 is configured to be disposed between the fourth cover plate and the third through cavity according to the rated current of the high-current smart fuse 10, so that the fourth through cavity is connected to the third through cavity.

[0048] In a specific implementation, the cavity accommodating the signal fuse 220 in this embodiment is designed as an independent signal chamber 310. The signal chamber 310 includes a signal housing that is separate from the fuse housing 100. The signal housing, together with the third cover plate and the fourth cover plate, forms an expandable signal chamber 310 that can be increased in size according to the rated current of the product.

[0049] Specifically, the signal chamber 310 is designed to improve the heat dissipation capacity of the signal fuse 220 and reduce the product temperature rise. When the product rated current is higher or the customer has strict requirements for the product temperature rise characteristics, the attachment 340 can be added between the outer component 122 and the third cover plate, or between the outer component 122 and the fourth cover plate, to expand the size of the signal protection component 300 and thus increase the internal volume of the signal chamber 310. This allows for an increase in the amount of arc-extinguishing medium filling in the signal chamber 310, thereby improving the arc-extinguishing and heat dissipation capacity of the fuse and reducing the product temperature rise.

[0050] In one possible embodiment, each of the multi-layer housing 110 is provided with a joint portion 140 for connecting with adjacent housings, and each pair of adjacent housings is fixed together by the joint portion 140.

[0051] In specific implementation, a connecting portion 140 is provided between the multi-layer housings 110, allowing adjacent housings to be joined and fixed together to achieve sealing of the internal cavity of the fuse. It is understood that the top and bottom housings of the multi-layer housing 110 are cap structures, therefore the connecting portion 140 is only provided at the opening of the cap groove. The intermediate housings, however, need to be joined with the housings on both sides, so connecting portions 140 can be provided at both ends of the intermediate housings, thus completing the joining of the multi-layer housings 110. It is understood that there may be one or more intermediate housings, and this is not limited to a single type.

[0052] For the first sub-shell 120 in Embodiment 1, a connecting portion 140 can be provided at both ends of the first through cavity of the inner component 121 of the first sub-shell 120 so that the inner component 121 can be connected with the second sub-shell 130.

[0053] As can be seen, in this embodiment, a joint 140 is provided between the multi-layer housings 110 so that adjacent housings can be joined and fixed together to achieve the sealing of the internal cavity of the fuse.

[0054] In one possible embodiment, the fuse housing 100 is provided with one or more first receiving chambers 150; the first receiving chamber 150 is provided with an ignition device 151 and a first impact member 152, the fuse housing 100 is provided with a constriction portion 160, and the ignition device 151 is clamped in the constriction portion 160; the first impact member 152 is disposed in the direction of the high-pressure gas ejection of the ignition device 151; the first disconnect weak portion 210 is disposed in the impact direction of the first impact member 152.

[0055] In a specific implementation, the fuse housing 100 has one or more first receiving chambers 150 at the upper end of its internal cavity. Each first receiving chamber 150 has a constricted portion 160 opening on the side near the top of the housing. An ignition device 151 is disposed within each first receiving chamber 150. This ignition device 151 can be used as an external trigger and connected to an external trigger control circuit, or it can be used as an internal trigger and connected to an internal trigger control circuit. The ignition device 151 explodes to generate high-pressure gas under the control of an external trigger signal and / or an internal trigger signal. A first impact member 152 is disposed directly below each ignition device 151 (i.e., in the direction of high-pressure gas ejection).

[0056] The ignition device 151 is limited by the constricted portion 160 at the top of the fuse housing 100 and fixed to the constricted portion 160 after being sealed with sealant. The electrodes of the ignition device 151 extend beyond the constricted portion to form an electrical connection with the corresponding trigger control circuit.

[0057] The ignition device 151 and the first impact member 152 abut together to form a sealed high-pressure chamber, which serves as the initial release space for the high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated after the gunpowder inside the ignition device 151 is triggered and detonated, so as to avoid the high-temperature and high-pressure gas of the explosion directly impacting the top of the first impact member 152 and causing its structural strength to deteriorate.

[0058] Specifically, when an abnormal external current passes through the signal fuse 220, the narrow neck of the signal fuse 220 will melt and break in a very short time. The arc voltage generated after melting and breaking is connected to both ends of the ignition device 151 through the internal trigger control circuit, which will cause the gunpowder inside the ignition device 151 to explode, thereby generating high-pressure gas that pushes the first impact member 152 to move rapidly downward along the first receiving chamber 150 to impact the first disconnect weak part 210, thereby breaking the first disconnect weak part 210 and finally disconnecting the protected circuit.

[0059] As can be seen, in this embodiment, under the action of an external abnormal current, the voltage across the signal fuse 220 triggers the ignition device 151 to generate high-pressure gas, which in turn pushes the first impact member 152 to break the first weak part 210, thus achieving the protection of the protected circuit.

[0060] In one possible embodiment, Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 The fuse housing 100 is provided with one or more second receiving chambers 170; a second impact member 171 is housed in the second receiving chamber 170, a first fixing part 172 is provided on the second impact member 171, an arc-extinguishing fusible element 400 is fixed on the first fixing part 172, and the two ends of the arc-extinguishing fusible element 400 are respectively connected to the two ends of the at least one first disconnect weak part 210; the second receiving chamber 170 is provided with a third opening 173, which is located in the impact direction of the second impact member 171; when the second impact member 171 impacts along the impact direction, it enters the second receiving chamber 170 through the third opening 173 to impact the second impact member 171, so as to break the arc-extinguishing fusible element 400 fixed on the first fixing part 172.

[0061] In a specific implementation, one or more second receiving chambers 170 are provided at the lower end of the fuse housing 100 (i.e., the end away from the top of the fuse housing 100). These second receiving chambers 170 are located below the first disconnect weak portion 210 of the conductor, and a first receiving chamber 150 is located above the first disconnect weak portion 210, such that the positions of the first receiving chamber 150 and the second receiving chamber 170 correspond. A second impact member 171 is housed within the second receiving chamber 170. A first fixing portion 172 is provided on the second impact member 171. The arc-extinguishing fusible element 400 is positioned by being fitted onto the first fixing portion 172, so that the arc-extinguishing fusible element 400 is not easily dislodged from the impact path of the second impact member 171. After the first impactor 152 moves along the first receiving chamber 150 and breaks the first weak part 210, it then enters the second receiving chamber 170 to impact the second impactor 171, causing the second impactor 171 to break the arc-extinguishing melt 400 after being impacted, thereby achieving the disconnection of the protected circuit.

[0062] In one possible embodiment, please continue reading Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5The second impact member 171 is also provided with a first limiting part 174 and a second limiting part 175. A first limiting groove 176 is formed between the first limiting part 174 and the second limiting part 175. When the arc-extinguishing fuse 400 is fixed on the first fixing part 172, it is accommodated in the first limiting groove 176. The arc-extinguishing fuse 400 is restricted in the first limiting groove 176 by the first limiting part 174 and the second limiting part 175, so as to prevent the arc-extinguishing fuse 400 from displacing from the groove wall, bottom, etc., thereby realizing the fixation of the arc-extinguishing fuse 400 and improving the reliability of the high-current intelligent fuse 10.

[0063] In one possible embodiment, the bottom of the fuse housing 100 is further provided with an arc-extinguishing chamber, which is filled with an arc-extinguishing medium. The second receiving chamber 170 is connected to the arc-extinguishing chamber and is separated from the arc-extinguishing chamber by the second impact member 171.

[0064] When the second impactor 171 is impacted by the first impactor 152 and moves along the side wall of the second receiving chamber 170 toward the bottom of the second receiving chamber 170 together with the arc-extinguishing melt 400, if the arc-extinguishing melt 400 is only positioned by the obstruction of the arc-extinguishing medium filled inside the arc-extinguishing chamber, the position and number of fractures of the arc-extinguishing melt 400 by the second impactor 171 are relatively random. The prior art clamps the arc-extinguishing melt 400 at the contact position between the arc-extinguishing melt 400 and the second impactor 171 in the second receiving chamber 170 by the interference fit between the cavity wall and the second impactor 171. Then, when the second impactor 171 impacts the bottom of the second receiving chamber 170, the arc-extinguishing melt 400 is broken by the combined action of the impact force and the interference fit clamping force. In this manner, as the second impactor 171 continues to move at the bottom of the second receiving chamber 170, the fracture on the arc-extinguishing melt 400 will generate a continuous arc between the second impactor 171 and the surrounding walls of the second receiving chamber 170, resulting in severe carbonization of the plastic part surface. The insulation resistance of the product after the breaking test, especially in the low-current test, will be very small, making it difficult to meet the customer's requirements for the product's breaking performance.

[0065] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 In this embodiment, in order to solve this problem, a second fixing part 411 is provided on the cavity wall of the arc extinguishing chamber, and the second disconnected weak part 410 (such as through hole, narrow neck, etc.) of the arc extinguishing melt 400 is sleeved on the second fixing part 411. When the arc extinguishing chamber is filled with arc extinguishing medium, the second fixing part 411 and the second disconnected weak part 410 can be wrapped.

[0066] In the width direction, the cross-sectional area of ​​the neck of the second disconnected weak portion 410 is much smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​other positions of the arc-extinguishing melt 400. Therefore, when the second impact member 171 moves downward in the second receiving chamber 170 and the arc-extinguishing melt 400 is subjected to tensile force, the fracture position is preferably formed at the neck position of the second disconnected weak portion 410. When the distance between the second disconnected weak portion 410 and the cavity wall of the second receiving chamber 170 is designed to be greater than the downward movement distance of the second impact member 171, the fracture of the second disconnected weak portion 410 will always remain within the arc-extinguishing material. This accelerates the extinction of the arc and prevents the arc from eroding the second impact member 171 and the cavity wall of the second receiving chamber 170, thereby improving the insulation resistance after the product is broken.

[0067] While this application discloses the above information, it is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of variations or substitutions without departing from the spirit and scope of this application, and can make various alterations and modifications, including combinations of the different functions and implementation steps described above, as well as software and hardware implementation methods, all of which are within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A high-current intelligent fuse, characterized in that, Includes fuse housing, conductor, and signal protection components; The conductor is provided with at least one first disconnect weak point, a signal fuse, a first wiring portion and a second wiring portion. The at least one first disconnect weak point is housed in the fuse housing. The signal fuse is disposed outside the fuse housing. The first wiring portion is disposed at a first end of the conductor and extends outside the fuse housing. The second wiring portion is disposed at a second end of the conductor and extends outside the fuse housing. The signal protection component is clamped onto the signal melt, and a signal chamber is provided in the signal protection component, with the signal melt housed in the signal chamber.

2. The high-current intelligent fuse according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fuse housing comprises multiple layers, which are stacked sequentially.

3. The high-current intelligent fuse according to claim 2, characterized in that, The multi-layered housing includes a first sub-housing and multiple second sub-housings, wherein the first sub-housing includes internal components and external components; The internal component has a first penetrating cavity, and the external component has a second penetrating cavity; The inner component has a first opening, which communicates with the first penetration cavity; the outer component has a second opening, which communicates with the second penetration cavity; the conductor passes through the first penetration cavity and the second penetration cavity in sequence, and the first wiring portion exits the first penetration cavity from the first opening, and the second wiring portion exits the second penetration cavity from the second opening; The multi-layered second sub-shell is overlapped with the internal component, and the openings at both ends of the first penetrating cavity are covered by the multi-layered second sub-shell; The external component is covered with a first cover plate and a second cover plate respectively to form the signal protection component; the first cover plate and the second cover plate cover the second penetration cavity to form the signal chamber.

4. The high-current intelligent fuse according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes at least one attachment having a fourth penetration cavity; The additional component is configured to be placed between the first cover plate and the second penetration cavity according to the rated current of the high-current smart fuse, so that the fourth penetration cavity is connected to the second penetration cavity; or, the additional component is configured to be placed between the second cover plate and the second penetration cavity according to the rated current of the high-current smart fuse, so that the fourth penetration cavity is connected to the second penetration cavity.

5. The high-current intelligent fuse according to claim 2, characterized in that, A first opening and a second opening are provided on at least one layer of the multi-layer housing. The first wiring portion extends out of the fuse housing through the first opening, and the second wiring portion extends out of the fuse housing through the second opening. The signal protection component extends a first connecting portion from the outer wall of the signal chamber, the first connecting portion passes through the second opening, and the fuse housing clamps and fixes the first connecting portion in the second opening.

6. The high-current intelligent fuse according to claim 5, characterized in that, The signal protection component includes a signal housing, a third cover plate, and a fourth cover plate; The signal housing has a third penetrating cavity, the first connecting part is disposed on the signal housing, and the third cover plate and the fourth cover plate respectively cover the two end openings of the third penetrating cavity to form the signal chamber.

7. The high-current intelligent fuse according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes at least one attachment having a fourth penetration cavity; The additional component is configured to be disposed between the third cover plate and the third penetration cavity according to the rated current of the high-current smart fuse, so that the fourth penetration cavity is connected to the third penetration cavity; or, the additional component is configured to be disposed between the fourth cover plate and the third penetration cavity according to the rated current of the high-current smart fuse, so that the fourth penetration cavity is connected to the third penetration cavity.

8. The high-current intelligent fuse according to claim 2, characterized in that, Each of the multi-layered shells is provided with a joint that connects to the adjacent shells, and every two adjacent shells are connected and fixed together through the joint.

9. The high-current intelligent fuse according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The fuse housing is provided with one or more first receiving chambers; An ignition device and a first impact member are provided in the first receiving chamber. A constricted portion is provided in the fuse housing, and the ignition device is clamped in the constricted portion. The first impact member is positioned in the direction of the high-pressure gas ejection of the ignition device. The first weak point is located in the impact direction of the first impactor.

10. The high-current intelligent fuse according to claim 9, characterized in that, The fuse housing is provided with one or more second receiving chambers; The second receiving chamber contains a second impactor, and the second impactor is provided with a first fixing part. An arc-extinguishing melt is fixed on the first fixing part, and the two ends of the arc-extinguishing melt are respectively connected to the two ends of the at least one first disconnected weak part. The second receiving chamber is provided with a third opening, which is located in the impact direction of the second impactor; when the second impactor impacts along the impact direction, it enters the second receiving chamber through the third opening to impact the second impactor, thereby breaking the arc-extinguishing melt fixed on the first fixing part.

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