A planar wave synthesizer based on a dual / multi-band co-aperture ultra-wideband Vivaldi dual-polarization array, a test system and a method

Abstract

This invention discloses a plane wave synthesizer, testing system, and method based on a dual / multi-band co-aperture ultra-wideband Vivaldi dual-polarized array. The plane wave synthesizer includes an amplitude and phase controller, and an ultra-wideband Vivaldi three-band co-aperture antenna array or an ultra-wideband Vivaldi dual-band co-aperture antenna array. The testing system includes the plane wave synthesizer, a microwave anechoic chamber, a turntable within the anechoic chamber, and the device under test (DUT). The microwave anechoic chamber also includes an electromagnetic shield and radio frequency absorbing materials around its perimeter. During testing, the amplitude and phase controller generates multi-band radio frequency excitation signals to drive the ultra-wideband Vivaldi three-band co-aperture antenna array or the ultra-wideband Vivaldi dual-band co-aperture antenna array, forming a uniform plane wave in the near-field radiation. This invention eliminates the need for near-field and far-field transformation of electromagnetic waves, reducing the required space by three-quarters compared to systems based on compact fields, making it particularly suitable for generating large-size ultra-wideband quiet zones.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to antenna and electromagnetic characteristic testing technology, and in particular to a plane wave synthesizer, testing system and method based on a dual / multi-band common aperture ultrawideband Vivaldi dual-polarization array. Background Technology

[0002] Compact field electromagnetic characteristic measurement is the most common testing method in the field of microwave measurement, playing an irreplaceable role in both military and civilian electronic information fields. Although compact field electromagnetic characteristic measurement systems can generate quasi-plane waves in a relatively small space, the diffraction effect at the edge of the reflecting surface results in a very low aperture utilization rate for existing compact fields. The current quiet zone size of compact fields is typically only about 30%-50% of the reflecting surface size. Moreover, as the size of the target being measured increases, the required quiet zone size also increases, forcing a significant increase in the aperture of the compact field reflecting surface, greatly increasing the difficulty of manufacturing and shaping large-aperture reflecting surfaces. Therefore, for large-sized targets such as aircraft and ships, the development of large-aperture reflecting surfaces in compact field electromagnetic characteristic measurement systems has become a bottleneck restricting the further expansion of the test quiet zone.

[0003] Plane wave near-field synthesis is one of the effective methods to improve the utilization of the quiet zone in an anechoic chamber. However, the extremely large bandwidth, dual polarization, and common-aperture antenna array required by the test system have constrained the development of this technology. There is an urgent need for a plane wave synthesis test method and test system based on an ultra-wideband Vivaldi dual-band, multi-band common-aperture phased orthogonal dual-polarized antenna array to improve the utilization of the anechoic chamber space while enhancing the test capability of the test system. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Purpose of the invention: One objective of this invention is to provide a plane wave synthesizer based on a dual / multi-band common aperture ultrawideband Vivaldi dual-polarization array, which synthesizes plane waves in the near-field of radiation, thereby expanding the quiet zone space.

[0005] Another object of the present invention is to provide a plane wave synthesis test system including a plane wave synthesizer.

[0006] Another object of the present invention is to provide a plane wave synthesis test method including a plane wave synthesizer.

[0007] Technical Solution: The present invention discloses a plane wave synthesizer based on a dual / multi-band common-aperture ultra-wideband Vivaldi dual-polarized array, comprising an amplitude and phase controller, and an ultra-wideband Vivaldi three-band common-aperture antenna array or an ultra-wideband Vivaldi dual-band common-aperture antenna array; the amplitude and phase controller generates multi-band radio frequency excitation signals to drive the ultra-wideband Vivaldi three-band common-aperture antenna array or the ultra-wideband Vivaldi dual-band common-aperture antenna array to form a uniform plane wave in the radiated near field.

[0008] Preferably, the ultra-wideband Vivaldi three-band common-aperture antenna array includes: an ultra-wideband Vivaldi low-frequency antenna, an ultra-wideband Vivaldi intermediate-frequency antenna, and an ultra-wideband Vivaldi high-frequency antenna. The ultra-wideband Vivaldi low-frequency antenna includes N antennas arranged in an equally spaced array. Between any two adjacent ultra-wideband Vivaldi low-frequency antennas, there are a ultra-wideband Vivaldi intermediate-frequency antennas. Each ultra-wideband Vivaldi intermediate-frequency antenna includes b ultra-wideband Vivaldi high-frequency antennas. N, a, and b are all positive integers.

[0009] Preferably, the ultra-wideband Vivaldi intermediate frequency antenna and the ultra-wideband Vivaldi high frequency antenna share the same aperture as the ultra-wideband Vivaldi low frequency antenna.

[0010] Preferably, the ultra-wideband Vivaldi low-frequency antenna, intermediate-frequency antenna, and high-frequency antenna are single-polarized, slanted-polarized, circularly polarized, or orthogonally dual-polarized.

[0011] Preferably, the intermediate frequency (IF) antenna array composed of IF antennas located between the IF antennas and the high frequency (HF) antenna array composed of IF antennas located between the IF antennas are both arranged at equal intervals; the IF antennas located at the edges of the IF antenna array that are not arranged at equal intervals are edge compensation units of the IF antenna array; and the HF antennas located at the edges of the HF antenna array that are not arranged at equal intervals are edge compensation units of the HF antenna array.

[0012] Preferably, the ultra-wideband Vivaldi dual-band common-aperture antenna array includes an ultra-wideband Vivaldi low-frequency antenna and an ultra-wideband Vivaldi high-frequency antenna. The N ultra-wideband Vivaldi low-frequency antennas are arranged in an equally spaced array, and there are b ultra-wideband Vivaldi high-frequency antennas between any two adjacent ultra-wideband Vivaldi low-frequency antennas; where N and b are both positive integers.

[0013] Preferably, the high-frequency antenna array formed by the ultra-wideband Vivaldi high-frequency antennas located between the ultra-wideband Vivaldi low-frequency antennas is arranged at equal intervals; the ultra-wideband Vivaldi high-frequency antennas located at the edges of the high-frequency antenna array are edge compensation units of the high-frequency antenna array.

[0014] Preferably, the ultra-wideband Vivaldi tri-band common aperture antenna array or ultra-wideband Vivaldi dual-band common aperture antenna array includes, but is not limited to, PCB board, all-metal, and PCB and metal hybrid forms.

[0015] The present invention discloses a plane wave synthesis test system, comprising a microwave anechoic chamber and a turntable and a device under test both disposed in the microwave anechoic chamber. The microwave anechoic chamber further comprises an electromagnetic shield and radio frequency absorbing materials located around its perimeter, as well as a plane wave synthesizer as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

[0016] The plane wave synthesis test method of this invention involves simultaneously generating dual-band or multi-band radio frequency excitation signals using an amplitude and phase controller based on the target frequency band. The amplitude and phase of each frequency band channel signal are independently controlled and then transmitted to the corresponding frequency band port of the ultra-wideband Vivaldi dual-band common-aperture antenna array or the ultra-wideband Vivaldi tri-band common-aperture antenna array. Each frequency band radiating element within the excitation array simultaneously radiates electromagnetic waves over a wide bandwidth. The electromagnetic waves radiated by each element interferometrically superimpose in the near-field region of radiation, thereby synthesizing a uniform plane wave in the target test area.

[0017] Beneficial Effects: This invention has the following advantages: It is suitable for indoor plane wave electromagnetic characteristic testing, especially for indoor measurement of large-size targets. Compared with existing compact field testing techniques, this invention uses phased array technology to synthesize plane waves in the near-field of radiation, expanding the quiet zone space. Compared with compact field-based systems, the required space is reduced by three-quarters, and the traditional compact field reflecting surface is eliminated, reducing manufacturing costs. In addition, compared with existing plane wave synthesis testing techniques, this invention expands the test bandwidth and improves test performance through ultra-wideband common aperture technology. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ultra-wideband Vivaldi three-band common aperture antenna array 5-1 in Example 1;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ultra-wideband Vivaldi dual-band common-aperture antenna array 5-2 in Example 2;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the ultra-wideband Vivaldi dual-band common-aperture antenna array and the amplitude and phase controller in Example 2.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of an optional orthogonal dual-polarization antenna array structure for Example 2, the ultra-wideband Vivaldi dual-band common-aperture antenna array.

[0022] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of another optional orthogonal dual-polarized antenna array structure for Example 2, the ultra-wideband Vivaldi dual-band common-aperture antenna array.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the edge compensation structure of the ultra-wideband Vivaldi dual-band common-aperture antenna array in Example 2;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a plane wave synthesis test system based on the plane wave synthesizer in Example 2.

[0025] Note: 1- Microwave anechoic chamber, 2- Radio frequency absorbing material, 3- Plane wave synthesizer, 4- Amplitude and phase controller, 401- Ultra-wideband amplitude attenuator network, 402- Ultra-wideband phase control network, 403- Amplitude amplifier network, 5-1- Ultra-wideband Vivaldi three-band common aperture antenna array, 5-2- Ultra-wideband Vivaldi dual-band common aperture antenna array, 501- Ultra-wideband Vivaldi low-frequency antenna, 502- Ultra-wideband Vivaldi intermediate-frequency antenna, 503- Ultra-wideband Vivaldi high-frequency antenna, 504- Common aperture antenna array PCB board, 505- Low-frequency antenna unit RF connector, 506- High-frequency antenna unit RF connector, 507- Ultra-wideband low-frequency antenna unit and high-frequency antenna unit compensation structure on the extension line, 508- Orthogonal dual-polarized equidistant arrangement structure, 509- Edge unit compensation structure, 9- Test instrument. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to specific embodiments and corresponding drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this invention, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0027] The technical solutions provided by the various embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] This embodiment provides a plane wave synthesizer based on a dual / multi-band common aperture ultra-wideband Vivaldi dual-polarized array, including an ultra-wideband Vivaldi three-band common aperture antenna array 5-1 and an amplitude and phase controller 4; the amplitude and phase controller 4 generates multi-band radio frequency excitation signals to drive the ultra-wideband Vivaldi three-band common aperture antenna array 5-1 to form a uniform plane wave 6 in the radiation near field.

[0030] See Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ultra-wideband Vivaldi three-band common-aperture antenna array 5-1. The ultra-wideband Vivaldi three-band common-aperture antenna array 5-1 includes N ultra-wideband Vivaldi low-frequency antennas 501, N×a ultra-wideband Vivaldi intermediate-frequency antennas 502, and N×b ultra-wideband Vivaldi high-frequency antennas 503, where N, a, and b are all positive integers.

[0031] The N ultra-wideband Vivaldi low-frequency antennas 501, N×a ultra-wideband Vivaldi intermediate-frequency antennas 502, and N×b ultra-wideband Vivaldi high-frequency antennas 503 can be single-polarized, slanted-polarized, circularly polarized, or orthogonally dual-polarized.

[0032] Taking orthogonal dual polarization as an example, N ultra-wideband Vivaldi low-frequency antennas 501 are arranged at equal intervals to form an orthogonal dual polarization array; between any two adjacent ultra-wideband Vivaldi low-frequency antennas 501, there are a ultra-wideband Vivaldi intermediate-frequency antennas 502. The N ultra-wideband Vivaldi low-frequency antennas 501 and N×a ultra-wideband Vivaldi intermediate-frequency antennas 502 constitute an ultra-wideband Vivaldi low-frequency and intermediate-frequency orthogonal dual polarization array; in any one ultra-wideband Vivaldi intermediate-frequency antenna 502, there are b ultra-wideband Vivaldi high-frequency antennas 503. The N ultra-wideband Vivaldi low-frequency antennas 501, N×a ultra-wideband Vivaldi intermediate-frequency antennas 502 and N×b ultra-wideband Vivaldi high-frequency antennas 503 constitute an ultra-wideband Vivaldi low-frequency, intermediate-frequency and high-frequency orthogonal dual polarization array.

[0033] The ultra-wideband Vivaldi intermediate frequency antenna 502 and ultra-wideband Vivaldi high frequency antenna 503 are arranged in an orthogonal dual-polarized array with non-equidistant spacing, and share the same aperture as the ultra-wideband Vivaldi low frequency antenna 501. The ultra-wideband Vivaldi intermediate frequency antenna 502 serves to amplify the current of N ultra-wideband Vivaldi low frequency antennas 501, thereby increasing the bandwidth of the low frequency antenna. The ultra-wideband Vivaldi high frequency antenna 503 serves to amplify the current of N×a ultra-wideband Vivaldi intermediate frequency antennas 502, thereby increasing the bandwidth of the intermediate frequency antenna.

[0034] The array (hereinafter referred to as the intermediate frequency antenna array) consisting of N ultra-wideband Vivaldi low-frequency antennas 502 located between N ultra-wideband Vivaldi intermediate frequency antennas 501 is orthogonally dual-polarized and equally spaced. The array (hereinafter referred to as the high-frequency antenna array) consisting of N×a ultra-wideband Vivaldi high-frequency antennas 503 located between N×a ultra-wideband Vivaldi intermediate frequency antennas 502 is orthogonally dual-polarized and equally spaced. The non-equally spaced intermediate frequency antenna elements located at the edges of the intermediate frequency antenna array are edge compensation units of the intermediate frequency antenna array. The non-equally spaced high-frequency antenna elements located at the edges of the high-frequency antenna array are edge compensation units of the high-frequency antenna array.

[0035] The ultra-wideband Vivaldi intermediate frequency (IF) antenna 502 linear array located on the extension lines of the N IF antenna 501 elements serves as the edge compensation structure for the IF antenna 501. The edge elements of the IF antenna 502 array have larger dimensions and are used for edge element compensation. The IF antennas 502 and IF antenna 501 are mutually coupled to extend the bandwidth. The ultra-wideband Vivaldi high frequency (HF) antenna 503 array located on the extension lines of the IF antenna 501 array serves as the compensation structure for the IF antenna 502. The edge elements of the HF antenna 503 array have larger dimensions and are used for edge element compensation. The IF antennas 502 and HF antenna 503 are mutually coupled to extend the bandwidth.

[0036] The amplitude and phase controller 4 includes an ultra-wideband amplitude attenuator network 401, an ultra-wideband phase control network 402, and an amplitude amplifier network 403. The ultra-wideband amplitude attenuator network 401 receives signals from three frequency band antennas, and its output is connected to the input of the ultra-wideband phase control network 402. The output of the ultra-wideband phase control network 402 is also connected to the input of the amplitude amplifier network 403.

[0037] The ultra-wideband Vivaldi low-frequency antenna 501, the ultra-wideband Vivaldi intermediate-frequency antenna 502, and the ultra-wideband Vivaldi high-frequency antenna 503 are connected to the ultra-wideband amplitude attenuator network 401 via RF connectors.

[0038] Furthermore, the ultra-wideband Vivaldi tri-band common aperture antenna array 5-1 includes PCB board (such as 504), all-metal, and hybrid forms of PCB and metal.

[0039] Example 2

[0040] This embodiment provides a plane wave synthesizer based on a dual / multi-band common aperture ultra-wideband Vivaldi dual-polarization array, including an ultra-wideband Vivaldi dual-band common aperture antenna array 5-2 and an amplitude and phase controller 4; the amplitude and phase controller 4 generates multi-band radio frequency excitation signals to drive the ultra-wideband Vivaldi dual-band common aperture antenna array 5-2 to form a uniform plane wave 6 in the radiation near field.

[0041] See Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the ultra-wideband Vivaldi dual-band common-aperture antenna array 5-2. The ultra-wideband Vivaldi dual-band common-aperture antenna array 5-2 includes N ultra-wideband Vivaldi low-frequency antennas 501 and N×b ultra-wideband Vivaldi high-frequency antennas 503, where N and b are both positive integers.

[0042] The N ultra-wideband Vivaldi low-frequency antennas 501 and the N×b ultra-wideband Vivaldi high-frequency antennas 503 can be single-polarized, slanted-polarized, circularly polarized, or orthogonally dual-polarized.

[0043] See Figure 4 , 5 Taking orthogonal dual polarization as an example, N ultra-wideband Vivaldi low-frequency antennas 501 are arranged at equal intervals to form an orthogonal dual polarization array. Between any two adjacent ultra-wideband Vivaldi low-frequency antennas 501, there are b ultra-wideband Vivaldi high-frequency antennas 503. The ultra-wideband Vivaldi low-frequency antennas 501 and the ultra-wideband Vivaldi high-frequency antennas 503 constitute an ultra-wideband Vivaldi low-frequency and high-frequency orthogonal dual polarization array.

[0044] The ultra-wideband Vivaldi high-frequency antennas 503 are arranged in an orthogonal dual-polarized array with non-equidistant spacing, and share the same aperture as the ultra-wideband Vivaldi low-frequency antennas 501. The ultra-wideband Vivaldi high-frequency antennas 503 serve to extend the current of the N ultra-wideband Vivaldi low-frequency antennas 501, thereby increasing the bandwidth of the low-frequency antennas.

[0045] See Figure 6 The array (referred to as the high-frequency antenna array) consisting of N ultra-wideband Vivaldi low-frequency antennas 501 and ultra-wideband Vivaldi high-frequency antennas 503 is orthogonally dual-polarized and equally spaced, as shown in structure 508 in the figure. The high-frequency antenna elements located at the edges of the high-frequency antenna array, which are not equally spaced, are the edge compensation units of the high-frequency antenna array.

[0046] The ultra-wideband Vivaldi high-frequency antenna 503 linear array located on the extension lines of the N ultra-wideband Vivaldi low-frequency antenna 501 elements serves as the edge compensation structure for the ultra-wideband Vivaldi low-frequency antenna 501, as shown in structure 507 in the figure. The edge elements of the ultra-wideband Vivaldi high-frequency antenna 503 array have larger dimensions and are used for edge element compensation of the high-frequency antenna 503, as shown in structure 509 in the figure. The ultra-wideband Vivaldi low-frequency antenna 501 and high-frequency antenna 503 are mutually coupled to extend the bandwidth.

[0047] The amplitude and phase controller 4 includes an ultra-wideband amplitude attenuator network 401, an ultra-wideband phase control network 402, and an amplitude amplifier network 403. The ultra-wideband amplitude attenuator network 401 receives signals from two frequency band antennas, its output is connected to the input of the ultra-wideband phase control network 402, and its output is connected to the input of the amplitude amplifier network 403.

[0048] See Figure 3 The ultra-wideband Vivaldi low-frequency antenna 501 and ultra-wideband Vivaldi high-frequency antenna 503 are connected to the ultra-wideband amplitude attenuator network 401 through the low-frequency antenna unit RF connector 505 and the high-frequency antenna unit RF connector 506, respectively.

[0049] Furthermore, the ultra-wideband Vivaldi dual-band common aperture antenna array 5-2 includes, but is not limited to, PCB board, all-metal, and PCB and metal hybrid forms.

[0050] Example 3

[0051] Based on the plane wave synthesizer based on a dual / multi-band common aperture ultrawideband Vivaldi dual-polarization array described in Embodiment 1, this embodiment provides a plane wave synthesis test system.

[0052] The plane wave synthesis test system includes: a microwave anechoic chamber 1 and a plane wave synthesizer, a turntable 7 and a device under test 8, all located in the microwave anechoic chamber 1. The microwave anechoic chamber 1 includes an electromagnetic shield and radio frequency absorbing materials 2 located around it. The plane wave synthesizer includes: an ultra-wideband Vivaldi tri-band common aperture antenna array 5-1 and an amplitude and phase controller 4.

[0053] Example 4

[0054] Based on the plane wave synthesizer based on a dual / multi-band common aperture ultrawideband Vivaldi dual-polarization array described in Embodiment 2, this embodiment provides a plane wave synthesis test system.

[0055] See Figure 7The plane wave synthesis test system includes: a microwave anechoic chamber 1 and a plane wave synthesizer, a turntable 7 and a device under test 8, all located in the microwave anechoic chamber 1. The microwave anechoic chamber 1 includes an electromagnetic shield and radio frequency absorbing materials 2 located around it. The plane wave synthesizer includes: an ultra-wideband Vivaldi dual-band common aperture antenna array 5-2 and an amplitude and phase controller 4.

[0056] Example 5

[0057] Based on the plane wave synthesis test system described in Embodiment 3, this embodiment provides a plane wave synthesis test method.

[0058] The plane wave synthesis test method includes: according to the target frequency band, using the amplitude and phase controller 4 to simultaneously generate low-frequency, mid-frequency, and high-frequency radio frequency excitation signals, and independently controlling the amplitude and phase of the channel signals of each frequency band before sending them to the corresponding frequency band port of the ultra-wideband Vivaldi three-band common aperture antenna array 5-1. Each frequency band radiating element in the excitation array simultaneously radiates electromagnetic waves in a wide bandwidth. The electromagnetic waves radiated by each element interfere and superimpose in the radiation near-field region, thereby synthesizing a uniform plane wave 6 in the target test area. The target test area is located at the turntable 7, which is used to place the device under test 8 for plane wave measurement.

[0059] Example 6

[0060] Based on the plane wave synthesis test system described in Example 4, this example provides a plane wave synthesis test method.

[0061] The plane wave synthesis test method includes: according to the target frequency band, using the amplitude and phase controller 4 to simultaneously generate low-frequency and high-frequency radio frequency excitation signals, and independently controlling the amplitude and phase of the channel signals of each frequency band before sending them to the corresponding frequency band port of the ultra-wideband Vivaldi dual-band common aperture antenna array 5-2. Each frequency band radiating element in the excitation array simultaneously radiates electromagnetic waves in a wide bandwidth; the electromagnetic waves radiated by each element interfere and superimpose in the radiation near-field region, thereby synthesizing a uniform plane wave 6 in the target test area; the target test area is located at the turntable 7, which is used to place the device under test 8 for plane wave measurement.

Claims

1. A plane wave synthesizer based on a dual / multi-band common-aperture ultrawideband Vivaldi dual-polarization array, characterized in that, This includes an amplitude and phase controller, as well as an ultra-wideband Vivaldi three-band common-aperture antenna array or an ultra-wideband Vivaldi dual-band common-aperture antenna array; The amplitude and phase controller generates multi-band radio frequency excitation signals to drive the ultra-wideband Vivaldi three-band common aperture antenna array or the ultra-wideband Vivaldi dual-band common aperture antenna array to form a uniform plane wave in the radiation near field.

2. The plane wave synthesizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ultra-wideband Vivaldi three-band common-aperture antenna array includes: an ultra-wideband Vivaldi low-frequency antenna, an ultra-wideband Vivaldi intermediate-frequency antenna, and an ultra-wideband Vivaldi high-frequency antenna. The ultra-wideband Vivaldi low-frequency antenna comprises N antennas arranged in an equally spaced array. Between any two adjacent ultra-wideband Vivaldi low-frequency antennas, there are a ultra-wideband Vivaldi intermediate-frequency antennas. Each ultra-wideband Vivaldi intermediate-frequency antenna comprises b ultra-wideband Vivaldi high-frequency antennas. N, a, and b are all positive integers.

3. The plane wave synthesizer according to claim 2, characterized in that, The ultra-wideband Vivaldi intermediate frequency antenna and the ultra-wideband Vivaldi high frequency antenna share the same aperture as the ultra-wideband Vivaldi low frequency antenna.

4. The plane wave synthesizer according to claim 2, characterized in that, The ultra-wideband Vivaldi low-frequency antenna, intermediate-frequency antenna, and high-frequency antenna are single-polarized, slanted-polarized, circularly polarized, or orthogonally dual-polarized.

5. The plane wave synthesizer according to claim 2, characterized in that, The intermediate frequency (IF) antenna array composed of IF antennas located between the IF antennas and the high frequency (HF) antenna array composed of IF antennas located between the IF antennas are both arranged at equal intervals. The IF antennas located at the edges of the IF antenna array are arranged at non-equal intervals and serve as edge compensation units for the IF antenna array. The HF antennas located at the edges of the HF antenna array are arranged at non-equal intervals and serve as edge compensation units for the HF antenna array.

6. The plane wave synthesizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ultra-wideband Vivaldi dual-band common-aperture antenna array includes an ultra-wideband Vivaldi low-frequency antenna and an ultra-wideband Vivaldi high-frequency antenna. The N ultra-wideband Vivaldi low-frequency antennas are arranged in an equally spaced array, and there are b ultra-wideband Vivaldi high-frequency antennas between any two adjacent ultra-wideband Vivaldi low-frequency antennas; where N and b are both positive integers.

7. The plane wave synthesizer according to claim 6, characterized in that, The high-frequency antenna array, which consists of ultra-wideband Vivaldi low-frequency antennas located between ultra-wideband Vivaldi high-frequency antennas, is arranged at equal intervals; the ultra-wideband Vivaldi high-frequency antennas located at the edges of the high-frequency antenna array are arranged at non-equal intervals and serve as edge compensation units of the high-frequency antenna array.

8. The plane wave synthesizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ultra-wideband Vivaldi tri-band common aperture antenna array or ultra-wideband Vivaldi dual-band common aperture antenna array includes, but is not limited to, PCB board, all-metal, and PCB and metal hybrid forms.

9. A plane wave synthesis test system, characterized in that, It includes a microwave anechoic chamber and a turntable and a device under test both located in the microwave anechoic chamber. The microwave anechoic chamber also includes an electromagnetic shield and radio frequency absorbing materials located around it, as well as a plane wave synthesizer as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A method for testing plane wave synthesis, characterized in that, According to the target frequency band, the amplitude and phase controller simultaneously generates dual-band or multi-band radio frequency excitation signals. After independently controlling the amplitude and phase of the signal in each frequency band channel, the signals are sent to the corresponding frequency band ports of the ultra-wideband Vivaldi dual-band common aperture antenna array or the ultra-wideband Vivaldi tri-band common aperture antenna array. Each frequency band radiating element in the excitation array simultaneously radiates electromagnetic waves in a wide bandwidth. The electromagnetic waves radiated by each element interfere and superimpose in the radiation near-field region, thereby synthesizing a uniform plane wave in the target test area.

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