An intelligent fault diagnosis system for high-voltage switch cabinet
By integrating data acquisition modules, monitoring hosts, and remote control centers, and combining CAN bus and artificial intelligence algorithms, real-time monitoring and automatic diagnosis of high-voltage switchgear are realized, solving the problems of blind spots and low efficiency in fault diagnosis in existing technologies, and improving fault location accuracy and alarm speed.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- CHINA PETROCHEMICAL CORP
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-04
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-09
AI Technical Summary
Existing high-voltage switchgear fault diagnosis systems suffer from blind spots in inspections, low accuracy and efficiency, and difficulty in real-time monitoring. In particular, they cannot track changes in the characteristics of the moving and stationary contacts of the handcart circuit breaker and the circuit breaker operating mechanism in a timely manner, leading to delayed fault detection.
It employs a data acquisition module, a monitoring host, a remote control center, and a customer terminal, integrating monitoring units for mechanical characteristics, electrical performance, temperature characteristics, and insulation performance. Combined with CAN bus and artificial intelligence algorithms, it enables real-time monitoring and automatic diagnosis of high-voltage switchgear.
It enables precise location and timely alarm of faults in high-voltage switchgear, improves the accuracy and efficiency of fault diagnosis, reduces the workload of manual inspection, and ensures the safe and stable operation of the power system.
Smart Images
Figure CN122178557A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of intelligent management technology for switchgear, and in particular to an intelligent fault diagnosis system for high-voltage switchgear. Background Technology
[0002] High-voltage switchgear plays a crucial role in power systems, and its safety and stability directly affect the stable operation of the entire power grid. However, due to frequent operation, prolonged high-load operation, environmental factors, and equipment aging, high-voltage switchgear often experiences various faults, such as poor electrical contact, overheating, flashover, and insulation damage. For example, the contacts and electrical joints inside the switchgear can overheat due to prolonged wear, oxidation, or improper connection processes. This vicious cycle can lead to excessively high temperatures within the switchgear, causing malfunctions. These malfunctions can range from affecting the electrical and insulation performance of the internal electrical materials to potentially causing power outages, fires, and other serious accidents. If these faults are not detected and addressed promptly, they can not only affect the normal operation of the power system but also lead to serious safety incidents.
[0003] For example, patent number 202110361546.X, "A Fault Diagnosis System and High-Voltage Switchgear," mainly introduces the communication connection method between various characteristic monitoring modules and the comprehensive diagnostic analysis module to improve the stability and reliability of communication transmission. However, the diagnostic analysis of equipment defects is still based on the independent analysis of parameters collected by each sensor, lacking a comprehensive analysis of each parameter, resulting in insufficient accuracy and efficiency in high-voltage switchgear fault diagnosis.
[0004] CN202211699591.7 discloses a system and method for diagnosing the operation of electric mechanisms in intelligent high-voltage switchgear. The system includes an operation diagnosis platform, which is communicatively connected to a status detection module, an output detection module, a diagnostic analysis module, an environmental monitoring module, and a storage module. The status detection module is used to detect and analyze the operating status of the motor in the electric mechanism. This solution addresses the problem that existing switchgear electric mechanism operation diagnosis systems cannot diagnose various possible fault states of the motor based on comprehensive analysis results. It primarily focuses on diagnosing the motor within the electric mechanism and cannot comprehensively monitor and analyze switchgear faults, resulting in poor applicability and versatility.
[0005] The technical solution disclosed in Chinese Patent No. CN115856486B analyzes the design and assembly information of switchgear to determine the equipment type and its connected power distribution circuits. It identifies and outputs the nodes with contacts in each power distribution circuit, obtaining multiple contact nodes. It also collects the power data of each contact node and acquires the real-time temperature inside the switchgear. By combining the real-time temperature changes with the heat generated by the power data, it predicts the temperature inside the switchgear, thereby obtaining the predicted temperature for each contact. Furthermore, it analyzes the safety temperature based on the material properties of each contact. When the predicted temperature exceeds the safety temperature, it identifies a potential safety hazard at that contact, indicating a circuit thermal fault. This allows for targeted output of fault warning information, achieving intelligent analysis of equipment circuit operation data, reducing the cost of monitoring equipment, and improving the accuracy of switchgear thermal fault warnings.
[0006] However, the device still has shortcomings: the system only monitors the power distribution circuit and output temperature of the switch cabinet, which is a small scope. It cannot analyze the fault location and the specific cause of the fault. Furthermore, the time interval between the occurrence of a fault and the staff receiving the instruction and corresponding fault information is relatively long. Summary of the Invention
[0007] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing an intelligent fault diagnosis system for high-voltage switchgear, which solves the following technical problems: Currently, fault diagnosis of high-voltage switchgear mainly relies on manual inspection and traditional testing equipment.
[0008] For example, the widely used enclosed high-voltage switchgear has blind spots for inspection. In particular, the contact parts of the moving and stationary contacts of the handcart circuit breaker are prone to poor contact due to factors such as operation and assembly process. These hidden parts cannot be visually inspected during operation using conventional manual inspection methods.
[0009] In addition, due to the promotion of unmanned management mode of substations and distribution stations, the number of manual inspections has been greatly reduced. If the discharge phenomenon of equipment due to moisture, dirt, insulation aging is not detected in time, it will eventually cause equipment grounding or short circuit and other faults, causing the scope of the fault to expand.
[0010] Furthermore, current circuit breaker operating mechanisms are mainly spring-operated mechanisms. When the characteristics of the springs in the mechanism change, the opening and closing speed of the circuit breaker also changes. This can easily lead to poor coordination of the various components in the mechanism, resulting in the circuit breaker refusing to operate. When using traditional testing equipment for periodic testing, it is impossible to track the change curve of the characteristics in time and diagnose potential faults in advance.
[0011] Therefore, the current conventional inspection and testing methods suffer from problems such as low work efficiency, low accuracy, and difficulty in real-time monitoring, which cannot meet the needs of equipment updates and changes in management models.
[0012] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: On the one hand, the present invention proposes an intelligent fault diagnosis system for high-voltage switchgear, including a data acquisition module, a monitoring host, a remote control center and a customer terminal; The data acquisition module includes a mechanical characteristic monitoring unit, an electrical performance monitoring unit, a temperature characteristic monitoring unit, and an insulation performance monitoring unit to monitor the mechanical characteristics, electrical performance, busbar node temperature, and insulation characteristics of the high-voltage switchgear circuit, respectively. The monitoring host is electrically connected to the data acquisition module and includes a data processor, a controller, a data storage device, and a communication module A. This host processes the data acquired by the data acquisition device and feeds back the processed valid information to the controller, which then compares the valid information with the information stored in the data storage device. A communication module B is installed in the remote control center, communicating with communication module A to allow the remote control center to obtain monitoring information fed back by the monitoring hosts of each branch. A communication module C is installed in the customer terminal, communicating with both communication module A and communication module B to obtain switchgear fault information immediately in the event of a high-voltage switchgear fault and to receive instructions from the remote control center.
[0013] Preferably, the mechanical characteristic monitoring unit includes a displacement sensor for detecting the circuit breaker travel, a speed sensor for detecting the circuit breaker contact speed, and a vibration transmitter for detecting mechanical vibration during circuit breaker operation.
[0014] Preferably, the displacement sensor is a photoelectric sensor to reduce the influence of electric and magnetic fields inside the high-voltage switchgear on the sensor's detection accuracy.
[0015] Preferably, the electrical performance testing module includes detectors for measuring the circuit breaker breaking current and voltage, and a rotating electric field probe for detecting the vacuum level of the arc-extinguishing chamber.
[0016] Preferably, the temperature characteristic monitoring unit includes a temperature sensor A for detecting the temperature of the busbar contact nodes, a temperature sensor B for detecting the temperature of the circuit breaker contacts, and a temperature sensor C for detecting the temperature of the switchgear compartment and cable compartment.
[0017] Preferably, the controller includes a CAN controller and a CAN transceiver to connect the mechanical characteristic monitoring unit, electrical performance monitoring unit, temperature characteristic monitoring unit, insulation performance monitoring unit and system unit into a distributed field control network via the CAN bus. The fault detection unit module collects the signal data of the switchgear and sends it to the system unit via the fieldbus, thereby establishing a database of the high-voltage switchgear of the entire substation and improving the reliability and anti-interference of the system.
[0018] Preferably, the monitoring host is also equipped with an alarm module, so that fault alarms can be directly issued on the monitoring host through the alarm module.
[0019] Preferably, it also includes an energy management center and an asset management center, which are connected to a remote control center to upload data information obtained by the remote control center to the energy management system and the asset management system, so as to realize full life cycle management and optimized operation.
[0020] On the other hand, this invention also proposes an intelligent fault diagnosis method for high-voltage switchgear, comprising the following steps: S1, the system connects to the high-voltage switchgear and reads the circuit data of the high-voltage switchgear to accurately obtain the information of each contact node in the circuit; S2, the data acquisition module acquires the mechanical characteristic information, electrical performance information, node temperature information, and insulation performance information of the insulation parts of the switchgear circuit, and feeds back the monitored multi-channel information to the monitoring host; S3, the data processing module filters and converts the signals acquired by the data acquisition module, and transmits the converted signals to the controller. The controller compares the effectively acquired signals with the standard signals stored in the data storage and sends the acquired signals and comparison results back to the remote control center; S4, the remote control center acquires the real-time data information of each high-voltage switchgear and distributes the fault information to the customer terminals of the corresponding personnel as close as possible.
[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects: By setting up mechanical characteristic monitoring units, electrical performance monitoring units, temperature characteristic monitoring units, and insulation performance monitoring units, the mechanical characteristics, electrical performance, bus node temperature, and insulation characteristics of insulation parts of the high-voltage switchgear circuit are monitored respectively, expanding the monitoring range and thereby improving the accuracy of fault location and fault information. In addition, the independent monitoring host of the control cabinet in the present invention is directly connected to the terminal equipment of the corresponding personnel, which facilitates the personnel to obtain fault information as soon as possible. At the same time, the present invention also adds an energy management system and an asset management system, both of which are connected to the fault diagnosis system to upload the data information obtained by the remote control center to the energy management system and the asset management system, realizing full life cycle management and optimized operation. Attached Figure Description
[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the principle of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a flowchart of an intelligent fault diagnosis method for high-voltage switchgear according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation
[0023] Example 1
[0024] like Figure 1As shown, this invention proposes an intelligent fault diagnosis system for high-voltage switchgear, comprising a data acquisition module, a monitoring host, a remote control center, and a client terminal. The data acquisition module includes a mechanical characteristic monitoring unit, an electrical performance monitoring unit, a temperature characteristic monitoring unit, and an insulation performance monitoring unit to monitor the mechanical characteristics, electrical performance, busbar node temperature, and insulation characteristics of the high-voltage switchgear circuit, respectively. The mechanical characteristic monitoring unit includes a displacement sensor for detecting the circuit breaker travel, a speed sensor for detecting the circuit breaker contact speed, and a vibration transmitter for detecting mechanical vibration during circuit breaker operation; the displacement sensor is a photoelectric sensor to reduce the influence of electric and magnetic fields within the high-voltage switchgear on the sensor's detection accuracy. The electrical performance monitoring module includes detectors for measuring the circuit breaker's breaking current and voltage, and a rotating electric field probe for detecting the vacuum level of the arc-extinguishing chamber. The temperature characteristic monitoring unit includes temperature sensor A for detecting the temperature of busbar contact nodes, temperature sensor B for detecting the temperature of circuit breaker contacts, and temperature sensor C for detecting the temperature in the switchgear compartment and cable compartment. Temperature sensors A, B, and C all employ, but are not limited to, quartz crystals as temperature-sensing elements and optical fibers as the conductive medium, as optical thin-film silicon temperature sensors. The monitoring host is also equipped with an alarm module to directly issue fault alarms on the monitoring host. The monitoring host is electrically connected to the data acquisition module. The monitoring host includes a data processor, controller, data storage, and communication module A to process the data acquired by the data acquisition unit and feed back the processed valid information to the controller. The controller then compares the valid information with the information stored in the data storage. The controller includes a CAN controller and a CAN transceiver to connect the mechanical characteristic monitoring unit, electrical performance monitoring unit, temperature characteristic monitoring unit, insulation performance monitoring unit, and system unit into a distributed field control network via the CAN bus. The fault detection unit module collects signal data from the switchgear and sends it to the system unit via the fieldbus, establishing a database of the high-voltage switchgear in the entire substation and improving the system's reliability and anti-interference capabilities. A communication module B is installed in the remote control center. Communication module B communicates with communication module A to enable the remote control center to obtain monitoring information fed back by the monitoring hosts of each branch. A communication module C is installed in the client terminal. Communication module C communicates with both communication module A and communication module B to obtain switchgear fault information immediately in the event of a high-voltage switchgear fault and to receive instructions from the remote control center.
[0025] In this embodiment, a photosensitive thin-film silicon temperature sensor is used, which can effectively improve the temperature measurement range, accuracy, and response time. Furthermore, using a photosensitive thin-film silicon temperature sensor can effectively prevent interference from electromagnetic fields within the high-voltage switchgear, resulting in more accurate data and preventing false alarms. The use of a CAN bus greatly reduces interference from the complex electric and magnetic fields within the high-voltage switchgear on the data acquisition module of the fault diagnosis system. Moreover, this invention integrates multiple monitoring capabilities, including mechanical characteristics, electrical performance, busbar node temperature, and insulation characteristics, providing a more comprehensive and specific monitoring range for the high-voltage switchgear, thus advancing the management and maintenance of switchgear to a new stage of condition-based maintenance.
[0026] Example 2
[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, the intelligent fault diagnosis system for high-voltage switchgear proposed in this invention, compared with Embodiment 1, also includes an energy management center and an asset management center, which are connected to a remote control center.
[0028] In this embodiment, the energy management center includes an energy management system, and the asset management center includes an asset management system. The energy management system and the asset management system are connected to this system to upload data information obtained by the remote control center to the energy management system and the asset management system, thereby realizing full lifecycle management and optimized operation of the entire fault diagnosis system.
[0029] Example 3
[0030] like Figure 2 As shown, the present invention also proposes an intelligent fault diagnosis method for high-voltage switchgear based on the above-mentioned intelligent fault diagnosis system for high-voltage switchgear, comprising the following steps: S1. The system connects to the high-voltage switchgear and reads the circuit data of the high-voltage switchgear to accurately obtain the information of each contact node in the circuit. S2. The data acquisition module acquires mechanical characteristic information, electrical performance information, node temperature information, and insulation performance information of the switchgear circuit, and feeds back the monitored multi-channel information to the monitoring host. S3. The data processing module filters, removes impurities, and converts the signals acquired by the data acquisition module. The converted signals are then transmitted to the controller. The controller compares the effectively acquired signals with the standard signals stored in the data storage and sends the acquired signals and comparison results back to the remote control center. S4. The remote control center obtains real-time data information from each high-voltage switchgear and distributes fault information to the customer terminals of the corresponding staff members as close as possible.
[0031] In this embodiment, the staff's client terminal is connected to the high-voltage switchgear in their work area, enabling them to obtain the location information of the faulty switchgear, as well as the fault code and the specific fault information and location represented by the fault code, in the first instance, thus shortening the maintenance time.
[0032] This invention integrates advanced sensor technology, data processing technology, and artificial intelligence technology to achieve real-time monitoring, automatic diagnosis, and early warning of high-voltage switchgear. Specifically, the system uses sensor modules to monitor key parameters of the high-voltage switchgear in real time, and utilizes a data processing module to preprocess, analyze, and store the data, effectively identifying abnormal changes in the data. The fault diagnosis module, based on artificial intelligence algorithms, analyzes and diagnoses abnormal data, accurately identifying the type, location, and severity of faults, thus providing users with accurate and reliable fault diagnosis information. Furthermore, the introduction of an early warning module ensures that users can promptly detect and handle faults, further improving the safety and stability of the power system.
[0033] Another key inventive feature of this invention lies in its intelligent and automated characteristics. Through intelligent data processing and fault diagnosis algorithms, the system can automatically detect and diagnose faults, reducing the workload of manual inspections and improving work efficiency. Simultaneously, the system can monitor the operating status of the high-voltage switchgear in real time, promptly identifying potential faults and thus avoiding serious consequences caused by untimely fault detection. These intelligent and automated features give this invention a significant advantage in the field of high-voltage switchgear fault diagnosis.
[0034] Furthermore, this invention also considers the scalability and maintainability of the system. The system adopts a modular design, allowing each module to operate independently while also facilitating module upgrades and maintenance. This design enables the invention to adapt to the needs of power systems of varying sizes and complexities, while also reducing system maintenance costs.
[0035] In summary, this invention, by integrating advanced sensor technology, data processing technology, and artificial intelligence technology, achieves real-time monitoring, automatic diagnosis, and early warning of high-voltage switchgear, improving the accuracy and efficiency of fault diagnosis. Simultaneously, the system also possesses advantages such as intelligence, automation, scalability, and maintainability, providing strong support for the safe and stable operation of the power system.
[0036] The intelligent fault diagnosis system for high-voltage switchgear proposed in this invention has the following technical advantages: 1. Real-time monitoring: The high-voltage switchgear is monitored in real time through sensor modules to ensure that abnormal situations can be detected in a timely manner.
[0037] 2. Automatic diagnosis: Based on artificial intelligence algorithms, abnormal data is analyzed and diagnosed, which improves the accuracy and efficiency of fault diagnosis.
[0038] 3. Early warning function: The early warning module sends early warning information to users to ensure that users can take corresponding measures in a timely manner to prevent the failure from escalating.
[0039] 4. Visual presentation: The diagnostic results are presented to users in an intuitive way, making it easier for them to understand and handle the fault.
[0040] This invention is applied to the monitoring and diagnosis of high-voltage switchgear, and is particularly suitable for fault diagnosis and management of high-voltage switchgear in large power systems, substations, and industrial enterprises. In these application scenarios, the operating status of high-voltage switchgear is crucial to the safety and stability of the system; therefore, timely detection and handling of high-voltage switchgear faults are key to ensuring stable system operation.
[0041] In practical applications, the intelligent fault diagnosis system for high-voltage switchgear can seamlessly integrate with existing monitoring systems and management software, enabling real-time data sharing and remote control. The system automatically collects and analyzes operational data from the high-voltage switchgear, identifies potential fault risks through intelligent algorithms, and issues early warnings to management personnel. This allows management to promptly understand the equipment's operating status and take appropriate maintenance and repair measures, thereby preventing faults or minimizing their impact on the system.
[0042] Furthermore, the intelligent fault diagnosis system for high-voltage switchgear can be integrated with other intelligent equipment and systems to form a complete intelligent monitoring and management system. For example, the system can be used in conjunction with intelligent inspection robots, infrared thermometers, and other equipment to perform comprehensive monitoring and diagnosis of high-voltage switchgear. Simultaneously, the system can exchange and share data with power dispatching systems and energy management systems to achieve optimized energy dispatching and energy conservation and emission reduction goals.
[0043] In summary, the intelligent fault diagnosis system for high-voltage switchgear has broad application prospects and market demand. Through the implementation of this invention, real-time monitoring, automatic diagnosis, and early warning of high-voltage switchgear can be achieved, improving the accuracy and efficiency of fault diagnosis and ensuring the safe and stable operation of the power system. Furthermore, this system can be integrated with other intelligent devices and systems to form a complete intelligent monitoring and management system, providing strong support for the intelligent transformation of the power industry.
[0044] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. Various changes can be made within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims
1. An intelligent fault diagnosis system for high-voltage switchgear, comprising a data acquisition module, a monitoring host, and a remote control center, characterized in that: The data acquisition module includes a mechanical characteristic monitoring unit, an electrical performance monitoring unit, a temperature characteristic monitoring unit, and an insulation performance monitoring unit, which are used to monitor the mechanical characteristics, electrical performance, busbar node temperature, and insulation characteristics of the high-voltage switchgear circuit, respectively. The monitoring host is electrically connected to the data acquisition module. The monitoring host includes a data processor, a controller, a data storage device, and a communication module A. The data acquisition device processes the acquired data and feeds back the processed valid information to the controller. The controller then compares the valid information with the information stored in the data storage device. The remote control center is equipped with a communication module B, which is communicatively connected to the communication module A, and is used by the remote control center to obtain the monitoring information fed back by the monitoring hosts of each branch.
2. The intelligent fault diagnosis system for high-voltage switchgear according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a customer terminal, which has a built-in communication module C. The communication module C is connected to both communication modules A and B, and is used to obtain fault information of the switchgear as soon as possible when the high-voltage switchgear fails, and to obtain instruction information issued by the remote control center.
3. The intelligent fault diagnosis system for high-voltage switchgear according to claim 2, characterized in that, The mechanical characteristic monitoring unit includes a displacement sensor for detecting the circuit breaker travel, a speed sensor for detecting the circuit breaker contact speed, and a vibration transmitter for detecting mechanical vibration during circuit breaker operation.
4. The intelligent fault diagnosis system for high-voltage switchgear according to claim 2, characterized in that, The displacement sensor is a photoelectric sensor to reduce the impact of electric and magnetic fields inside the high-voltage switchgear on the sensor's detection accuracy.
5. The intelligent fault diagnosis system for high-voltage switchgear according to claim 2, characterized in that, The electrical performance testing module includes detectors for measuring the breaking current and voltage of the circuit breaker and a rotating electric field probe for detecting the vacuum level of the arc-extinguishing chamber.
6. The intelligent fault diagnosis system for high-voltage switchgear according to claim 2, characterized in that, The temperature characteristic monitoring unit includes a temperature sensor A for detecting the temperature of the busbar contact nodes, a temperature sensor B for detecting the temperature of the circuit breaker contacts, and a temperature sensor C for detecting the temperature of the switchgear compartment and cable compartment.
7. The intelligent fault diagnosis system for high-voltage switchgear according to claim 2, characterized in that, The controller includes a CAN controller and a CAN transceiver, which connect the mechanical characteristic monitoring unit, electrical performance monitoring unit, temperature characteristic monitoring unit, insulation performance monitoring unit and system unit into a distributed field control network via the CAN bus. The fault detection unit module collects the signal data of the switchgear and sends it to the system unit via the fieldbus, establishing a database of the high-voltage switchgear of the entire substation and improving the reliability and anti-interference of the system.
8. A high-voltage switchgear intelligent fault diagnosis system according to any one of claims 2-7, characterized in that, The monitoring host is also equipped with an alarm module, which can directly issue fault alarms on the monitoring host.
9. The intelligent fault diagnosis system for high-voltage switchgear according to claim 8, characterized in that, It also includes an energy management center and an asset management center, which are connected to a remote control center to upload data information obtained by the remote control center to the energy management system and asset management system, so as to realize full life cycle management and optimized operation.
10. A method for intelligent fault diagnosis of high-voltage switchgear, employing the intelligent fault diagnosis system for high-voltage switchgear as described in claim 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. The system connects to the high-voltage switchgear and reads the circuit data of the high-voltage switchgear to accurately obtain the information of each contact node in the circuit. S2. The data acquisition module acquires mechanical characteristic information, electrical performance information, node temperature information, and insulation performance information of the switchgear circuit, and feeds back the monitored multi-channel information to the monitoring host; S3. The data processing module filters, removes impurities, and converts the signals acquired by the data acquisition module. The converted signals are transmitted to the controller. The controller compares the effectively acquired signals with the standard signals stored in the data storage and sends the acquired signals and comparison results back to the remote control center; S4. The remote control center acquires real-time data information of each high-voltage switchgear and distributes fault information to the corresponding staff's customer terminals as close as possible.