A stepping motor controller for an automobile and a control method thereof

By combining a dual closed-loop control structure and a back EMF sliding mode observer, the microstepping increment and electromagnetic torque are dynamically adjusted, solving the problem of step loss in automotive stepper motors under power supply fluctuations and achieving stable operation of the motor under complex working conditions.

CN122178768APending Publication Date: 2026-06-09FUZHOU STRAIT VOCATIONAL & TECH COLLEGE
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Patent Information

Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Applications(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
FUZHOU STRAIT VOCATIONAL & TECH COLLEGE
Filing Date
2026-05-07
Publication Date
2026-06-09

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

Existing automotive stepper motor controllers are prone to step loss when the vehicle power supply network fluctuates, and cannot effectively overcome the problems of insufficient mechanical load and electromagnetic torque.

Method used

A dual closed-loop control structure is adopted, which combines real-time bus voltage acquisition and back EMF sliding mode observer to dynamically adjust the microstep subdivision and electromagnetic torque. Through voltage fluctuation compensation and adaptive step angle adjustment mechanism, the series control of the current inner loop and the position outer loop is realized to eliminate the influence of power supply fluctuation on phase current.

Benefits of technology

It effectively eliminates the distortion of phase current waveform caused by power supply fluctuations, improves the synchronous tracking capability of the motor under conditions of sudden load increase and power supply drop, avoids the phenomenon of loss of synchronization, and improves the operating stability and reliability of the motor.

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Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of motor control, in particular to a stepping motor controller for automobiles and a control method thereof. The method comprises the following steps: collecting a bus voltage in real time, calculating a voltage fluctuation compensation coefficient, and superimposing the voltage fluctuation compensation coefficient on a given phase voltage instruction of a current inner loop; collecting a phase current, inputting an electromotive force back electromotive force observer to estimate an actual electric angle of a rotor and an estimated rotating speed; constructing a double-closed-loop control structure of a position outer loop and the current inner loop, differentiating a given rotating speed and the estimated rotating speed to obtain a rotating speed deviation; judging whether the rotating speed deviation exceeds a preset threshold value, if yes, triggering an adaptive step angle adjustment mechanism to dynamically reduce micro-step subdivision to increase single-step electromagnetic torque, and if not, restoring an initial micro-step subdivision. The scheme eliminates the distortion influence of bus voltage fluctuation on a phase current waveform, maintains a synchronous tracking state of the rotor under a load sudden increase condition, and avoids step loss.
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