A full-system amplitude and phase calibration method and device for a multi-band common-aperture array

Abstract

The application discloses a full-system amplitude-phase calibration method and device for a multi-frequency-band common-aperture array, and relates to the technical field of electromagnetic testing and antenna array. The method comprises the following steps: constructing a full-link amplitude-phase error model; deploying an internal multi-frequency calibration probe array; exciting and collecting full-link amplitude-phase data in a frequency band; eliminating cross-frequency-band interference and extracting errors through a frequency band decoupling algorithm; generating calibration weights and completing real-time amplitude-phase correction. The device comprises a multi-frequency-band common-aperture array, an internal calibration probe array, a distributed collection unit, an amplitude-phase adjustment module and a main control module. The application realizes full-link error compensation from a radio frequency front end to a radiation end, suppresses frequency band coupling interference, and has the advantages of high precision, online calibration, adaptation to large-scale arrays and the like, and can be directly integrated into an ultra-wideband plane wave synthesis system and an electromagnetic testing system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electromagnetic testing and antenna array technology, and in particular to a full-link amplitude and phase calibration method and apparatus for ultra-wideband multi-band common aperture arrays. Background Technology

[0002] Multi-band co-aperture arrays can radiate and receive electromagnetic waves across multiple frequency bands on a single physical aperture. They offer advantages such as miniaturization, high integration, and efficient space utilization, making them core components of ultra-wideband plane wave synthesis, radar antennas, vehicle / airborne communication, and electromagnetic characteristic testing systems. In ultra-wideband tightly coupled plane wave testing systems based on Huygens' principle, the amplitude and phase consistency of the array elements directly determines the quality of the plane wave's quiet zone and the testing accuracy.

[0003] However, in practical applications, multi-band common-aperture arrays are subject to numerous factors that lead to amplitude and phase deviations, mainly including the following four aspects: First, inconsistencies in the components of the hardware links, such as the RF signal source, power divider network, and amplitude and phase stabilization connectors, introduce fixed amplitude and phase errors. Second, the superposition of array elements from different frequency bands on the same aperture results in strong electromagnetic coupling interference between array elements, leading to cross-band amplitude and phase deviations. Third, errors in the fabrication process of array elements, installation errors, and changes in ambient temperature and humidity further increase amplitude and phase errors. Fourth, existing calibration methods are mostly designed for single-band arrays, calibrating only the amplitude and phase information at the radiating end, failing to achieve end-to-end calibration from the signal source to the radiating end, resulting in low calibration accuracy that cannot meet the high-precision requirements of multi-band common-aperture arrays.

[0004] Currently, existing array amplitude and phase calibration methods mainly include near-field scanning calibration, calibration antenna calibration, and mutual coupling calibration. Near-field scanning calibration extracts errors by scanning the near-field amplitude and phase information of the array, but it has low scanning efficiency and cannot eliminate errors introduced by hardware links. Calibration antenna calibration acquires radiated signals using an external calibration antenna, but the external antenna interferes with the array's radiation field and is not suitable for synchronous calibration across multiple frequency bands. Mutual coupling calibration compensates for errors by solving the mutual coupling matrix between array elements, but it does not consider amplitude and phase deviations in the hardware links, resulting in limited calibration effectiveness.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a multi-band common aperture array amplitude and phase calibration technology that can achieve full-link coverage, frequency band decoupling, high precision, and built-in functionality. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a full-system amplitude and phase calibration method and device for multi-band common aperture arrays, so as to realize the extraction and compensation of amplitude and phase errors of the entire link from the radio frequency front end, the feed network to the array element radiation end, eliminate cross-band coupling interference, and improve the plane wave synthesis quality and electromagnetic test accuracy.

[0007] The first aspect of the present invention provides a method for full-system amplitude and phase calibration of a multi-band common-aperture array, comprising the steps of: S1. Construct a full-link amplitude and phase error model for a multi-band common-aperture array; divide the full link into signal transmitting end, power supply transmission end, and array element radiation end, establish amplitude and phase transmission functions for each sub-link, introduce frequency band coupling coefficients to characterize cross-interference between frequency bands, and form a full-link error model containing coupling terms. S2. Deploy a built-in multi-frequency calibration probe array on the quiet zone side of the multi-frequency common-aperture array. The calibration probe array and the multi-frequency common-aperture array are set in the same plane to synchronously collect the amplitude and phase information of the multi-frequency radiation signal. S3. The multi-band common port array is divided into frequency bands for excitation, and the original amplitude and phase data of the entire link of the RF front-end, each node of the feed network and the calibration probe are collected through the distributed amplitude and phase acquisition unit. S4. The original data is processed using a frequency band decoupling algorithm. A frequency band separation matrix is ​​constructed based on the center frequency of each frequency band. Frequency band coupling interference is eliminated by orthogonal decomposition, and the independent amplitude and phase errors of each frequency band are extracted. S5. Generate amplitude and phase calibration weights based on amplitude and phase errors, and send them to the amplitude and phase adjustment modules at the feed ends of each array element; S6. The amplitude and phase adjustment module performs real-time amplitude and phase correction on the excitation signal according to the calibration weight to complete the calibration. The calibration effect is verified by the calibration probe array. If it does not meet the standard, S3-S5 are repeated until the accuracy requirements are met.

[0008] Furthermore, the full-link amplitude and phase error model includes the amplitude and phase errors of the signal source, power divider network, amplitude and phase stabilizer connector, multi-band array elements, and spatial transmission.

[0009] Furthermore, the frequency band decoupling algorithm separates the amplitude and phase information of the mixed frequency bands into independent data for each frequency band through orthogonal decomposition. Furthermore, in step S5, amplitude and phase calibration weights corresponding to each array element are generated, and the calibration weights are sent to the amplitude and phase adjustment modules deployed at the feed ends of each array element via wired or wireless communication.

[0010] A second aspect of the present invention provides a full-system amplitude and phase calibration device for a multi-band common-aperture array, which performs calibration using the above method, and includes: a multi-band common-aperture array, a built-in multi-frequency calibration probe array, a distributed amplitude and phase acquisition unit, an amplitude and phase adjustment module, and a main control calculation module; The multi-band common aperture array is composed of multiple layers of tightly coupled array elements of different frequency bands. The array elements adopt an electromagnetic decoupling structure design and are suitable for the 0.8-40GHz ultra-wideband operating frequency band. The built-in multi-frequency calibration probe array is deployed on the quiet zone side of the multi-band common aperture array and is set coplanar with the array. The probe spacing matches the spatial sampling theorem, synchronously acquiring the amplitude and phase information of the radiation signals of each frequency band and transmitting the information to the distributed amplitude and phase acquisition unit. The distributed amplitude and phase acquisition unit includes multiple amplitude and phase acquisition nodes, which are deployed at the radio frequency front end, each branch node of the power supply network, and the output end of the calibration probe array, respectively. It is used to acquire the raw amplitude and phase data of the entire link and transmit the data to the main control computing module. The amplitude and phase adjustment module is deployed at the feed end of each array element, including an amplitude attenuator and an ultra-wideband phase shifter, which can adjust the amplitude and phase of the excitation signal in real time according to the calibration weight issued by the main control calculation module. The main control computing module has a built-in full-link amplitude and phase error model, frequency band decoupling algorithm, calibration weight generation unit and calibration effect evaluation unit. It is used to process the original amplitude and phase data, extract amplitude and phase error values, generate calibration weights, and control the collaborative work of each module to complete the calibration effect verification.

[0011] Furthermore, the built-in multi-frequency calibration probe is an ultra-wideband compact probe with a microstrip Vivaldi structure. It operates in the 0.8-40GHz frequency band and is coated with absorbing material to reduce interference with the radiation field of the multi-band common aperture array.

[0012] Furthermore, the distributed amplitude and phase acquisition unit has the following acquisition accuracy: amplitude resolution ≤ 0.01dB, phase resolution ≤ 0.1°, and acquisition rate ≥ 100MS / s, enabling synchronous acquisition of amplitude and phase data across the entire link.

[0013] Furthermore, the amplitude and phase adjustment module has an amplitude adjustment range of 0–40dB and an accuracy of ≤±0.05dB; the phase adjustment range is 0–360°, with an adjustment accuracy of: amplitude ≤±0.05dB and phase ≤±3°.

[0014] Furthermore, the main control computing module also includes a data storage module and a calibration effect evaluation module; The data storage module is used to store the original amplitude and phase data, error values, and calibration weights of the entire link. The calibration effect evaluation module is used to calculate the amplitude ripple and phase ripple of the radiation field based on the data collected by the calibration probe, and to determine whether the calibration accuracy requirements are met.

[0015] Furthermore, the amplitude and phase calibration device supports both online real-time calibration and offline calibration, and can be integrated into plane wave synthesis systems, radar antenna systems, and electromagnetic characteristic testing systems. Beneficial effects

[0016] 1. This invention constructs a full-link amplitude and phase error model from the radio frequency signal source, power divider feed network to the array element radiating end, collects amplitude and phase data of the entire link and performs error compensation, which solves the problem of existing methods that only calibrate the radiating end and ignore hardware link errors, and greatly improves calibration accuracy.

[0017] 2. This invention proposes a frequency band decoupling algorithm, which constructs a frequency band separation matrix to orthogonally decompose mixed frequency band data, eliminating electromagnetic coupling interference between array elements of multi-frequency band common aperture array, realizing independent amplitude and phase calibration of each frequency band, and improving cross-frequency band compatibility.

[0018] 3. The radiation field amplitude ripple of the present invention is ≤ ±0.2dB and the phase ripple is ≤ ±5°, which meets the high-quality quiet zone requirements of ultra-wideband plane wave synthesis systems.

[0019] 4. The device of the present invention adopts a built-in calibration probe array and a distributed amplitude and phase acquisition unit. The calibration probe and the array are set in the same plane, with no external equipment and no interference from external equipment; online calibration can be performed.

[0020] 5. It can be directly integrated into existing ultra-wideband plane wave synthesis systems, radar antenna systems and other equipment, supporting arrays of hundreds of thousands to millions of elements. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 Flowchart of the full system amplitude and phase calibration method; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the full-link amplitude and phase error model structure; Figure 3 Overall system architecture diagram of the calibration device; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of a single-element amplitude and phase adjustment module; Figure 5 A simulation diagram of a plane wave generated after edge compensation for asymmetric radiation; (a) Electric field amplitude distribution at a distance of 50 mm from the array at 6 GHz (b) Electric field phase distribution at a distance of 50 mm from the array at 6 GHz (c) Electric field amplitude distribution at 50 mm from the array surface at 14 GHz (d) Electric field phase distribution at a distance of 50 mm from the array at 14 GHz Detailed Implementation Example 1

[0022] This embodiment proposes a full-system amplitude and phase calibration method for a multi-band co-aperture array, applied to a multi-band co-aperture tightly coupled array in a 0.8–40 GHz ultra-wideband plane wave synthesis system. The array contains hundreds of thousands of ultra-wideband tightly coupled array elements, divided into three frequency bands: 0.8–6 GHz, 6–18 GHz, and 18–40 GHz. The steps are as follows: 1) Construct a full-link amplitude and phase error model. Divide the entire link into signal transmitting end, power supply transmission end, and array element radiation end. Establish amplitude and phase transfer functions. Introduce frequency band coupling coefficients k12, k13, and k23 to characterize the coupling relationship between array elements in 0.8-6GHz and 6-18GHz, 0.8-6GHz and 18-40GHz, and 6-18GHz and 18-40GHz, respectively. Obtain the total transfer function through link cascading to form a full-link amplitude and phase error model containing coupling terms.

[0023] 2) A built-in multi-frequency calibration probe array is deployed coplanarly on the quiet zone side. The probe adopts an ultra-wideband Vivaldi structure, with a working frequency band of 0.8-40GHz. A total of 128 probes are set up with a probe spacing of 3mm, matching the spatial sampling theorem. The probe surface is coated with a 0.5mm thick absorbing material to reduce interference to the radiation field. The calibration probe array and the multi-frequency co-aperture array are set coplanarly.

[0024] 3) The frequency band excitation array excites the 0.8-6GHz, 6-18GHz, and 18-40GHz frequency bands sequentially. The distributed amplitude and phase acquisition unit collects the output signals of each RF front-end (16 channels in total), the signals of each branch node of the power supply network (1024 in total), and the received signals of 128 calibration probes. The acquisition accuracy is 0.01dB amplitude resolution, 0.1° phase resolution, and 200MS / s acquisition rate, realizing synchronous acquisition of amplitude and phase data across the entire link.

[0025] 4) A frequency band decoupling algorithm is adopted. Based on the center frequencies of 3.4 GHz for 0.8-6 GHz, 12 GHz for 6-18 GHz, and 29 GHz for 18-40 GHz, a 3×3 frequency band separation matrix is ​​constructed. The original amplitude and phase data of the mixed frequency bands are orthogonally decomposed to eliminate coupling interference between frequency bands and extract independent amplitude and phase error values ​​for the three frequency bands. The maximum amplitude error is 1.2 dB and the maximum phase error is 15° for the 0.8-6 GHz band; the maximum amplitude error is 0.8 dB and the maximum phase error is 10° for the 6-18 GHz band; and the maximum amplitude error is 0.9 dB and the maximum phase error is 12° for the 18-40 GHz band.

[0026] 5) Generate calibration weights based on amplitude and phase errors and send them to the amplitude and phase adjustment module.

[0027] The calibration weights are calculated as follows: Amplitude fitting formula:

[0028] In the formula: The amplitude fitting value at frequency f is... All are amplitude fitting coefficients; This represents the uncalibrated amplitude fit value at frequency f. All are amplitude fitting coefficients Amplitude ripple calculation formula:

[0029] In the formula: For: Amplitude correction value, Amplitude calibration value Uncalibrated amplitude value.

[0030] Phase fitting formula:

[0031] In the formula: For: the original phase value, Uncalibrated phase value Coefficients used for phase calibration Phase value after calibration Phase ripple meter:

[0032] In the formula: For: phase error after calibration, Calibration weight calculation: Let the complex amplitude phase error of the i-th element and the k-th frequency band be:

[0033] In the formula: Calibration error Amplitude calibration factor Phase correction factor The calibration weights are the conjugate inverses of the errors:

[0034] In the formula: Calibration weights, representing frequency and wave number The corresponding calibration factor.

[0035] Project Implementation:

[0036] In the formula: Amplitude calibration weight, Phase calibration weights :frequency and wave number Corresponding phase error Amplitude and phase calibration weight calculation logic: The independent amplitude and phase errors of each array element and each frequency band are extracted based on the full-link amplitude and phase error model and frequency band decoupling algorithm. The calibration weight is calculated using the error conjugate inverse as the core criterion, achieving accurate compensation for the amplitude and phase of the excitation signal. First, the raw amplitude and phase data acquired from the entire link are decoupled and normalized using frequency band decoupling, and amplitude and phase errors are extracted using fitting algorithms. Then, the amplitude and phase information are combined into a complex amplitude and phase error, and its conjugate inverse is used to obtain the calibration weight. Finally, the calibration weight is sent to the amplitude and phase adjustment module to perform real-time amplitude and phase correction on the excitation signal, ensuring that the amplitude and phase consistency of the array radiation field meets the design specifications.

[0037] The amplitude and phase adjustment module performs real-time amplitude and phase correction on the excitation signals of each array element. Before calibration, the amplitude ripple in the 0.8-6GHz band was ±0.42dB and the phase ripple was ±4.44°; in the 6-18GHz band, the amplitude ripple was ±0.41dB and the phase ripple was ±4.12°; and in the 18-40GHz band, the amplitude ripple was ±0.98dB and the phase ripple was ±5.75°. After calibration, the amplitude ripple in the 0.8-6GHz band was ±0.15dB and the phase ripple was ±2.5°; in the 6-18GHz band, the amplitude ripple was ±0.18dB and the phase ripple was ±2.8°; and in the 18-40GHz band, the amplitude ripple was ±0.16dB and the phase ripple was ±2.6°. All these values ​​meet the calibration accuracy requirements, thus achieving the calibration objective.

[0038] like Figure 5 As shown, the electric field amplitude and phase difference curve at 50mm from the array surface at 6GHz visually demonstrates the calibration effect: before calibration, the amplitude and phase fluctuations were abrupt and the curves were discrete; after calibration, the amplitude and phase curves were smooth and converged without significant distortion. After compensation by the full-link error modeling and frequency band decoupling algorithm of this invention, the amplitude and phase errors of each frequency band were significantly reduced: 0.8–6GHz amplitude error was reduced by 64.29% and phase error by 43.69%; 6–18GHz amplitude error was reduced by 56.10% and phase error by 32.04%; 18–40GHz amplitude error was reduced by 83.67% and phase error by 54.78%, ultimately achieving amplitude ripple ≤ ±0.2dB and phase ripple ≤ ±5°, significantly improving the amplitude and phase consistency and quiet zone quality of the entire system. Example 2

[0039] This embodiment provides a full-system amplitude and phase calibration device for a multi-band common-aperture array, including: a multi-band common-aperture array, a built-in multi-frequency calibration probe array, a distributed amplitude and phase acquisition unit, an amplitude and phase adjustment module, and a main control calculation module.

[0040] 1) The multi-band common aperture array is composed of three layers of tightly coupled array elements of different frequency bands, with an operating frequency band of 0.8–40GHz; it is composed of tightly coupled array elements of three frequency band layers of 0.8-6GHz, 6-18GHz, and 18-40GHz, with a total of more than 700,000 array elements, an array element spacing of 3mm, and an electromagnetic decoupling structure between array elements to reduce inter-frequency band coupling; each array element's feed terminal is connected to an amplitude and phase adjustment module.

[0041] 2) The built-in calibration probe array is coplanarly arranged on the quiet zone side, consisting of 128 ultra-wideband compact microstrip Vivaldi probes, with a working frequency band of 0.8-40GHz and a probe spacing of 3mm. It is coplanarly arranged on the quiet zone side with the multi-band common aperture array; the probe surface is coated with a 0.5mm thick absorbing material, and the probe output end is connected to the distributed amplitude and phase acquisition unit.

[0042] 3) The distributed acquisition unit includes 16 RF front-end acquisition nodes, 1024 feed network acquisition nodes and 128 calibration probe acquisition nodes. The acquisition accuracy is 0.01dB amplitude resolution, 0.1° phase resolution and 200MS / s acquisition rate. It is connected to the main control computing module through a high-speed data bus to realize full-link amplitude and phase data synchronous transmission.

[0043] 4) The amplitude and phase adjustment modules correspond one-to-one with the array elements. The amplitude adjustment range is 0-20dB, the phase adjustment range is 0-360°, and the adjustment accuracy is ±0.05dB for amplitude and ±1° for phase. The modules are connected to the main control computing module via wireless communication, receive calibration weights, and perform real-time amplitude and phase adjustment.

[0044] 5) The main control computing module adopts a high-performance industrial computer, which has a built-in full-link amplitude and phase error model, frequency band decoupling algorithm, genetic algorithm optimization module, data storage module and calibration effect evaluation module; it is equipped with a 1TB solid-state drive for storing full-link amplitude and phase data and calibration parameters, and is connected to the distributed amplitude and phase acquisition unit through a gigabit Ethernet port, and to the amplitude and phase adjustment module through a wireless communication module to realize the coordinated control of each module.

[0045] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. Various changes can be made within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for full-system amplitude and phase calibration of a multi-band common-aperture array, characterized in that, Including the following steps: S1. Construct a full-link amplitude and phase error model for a multi-band common-aperture array; The entire link is divided into signal transmitting end, power supply transmission end, and array element radiation end. The amplitude and phase transmission functions of each sub-link are established, and the frequency band coupling coefficient is introduced to characterize the cross interference between frequency bands, forming an entire link error model that includes coupling terms. S2. Deploy a built-in multi-frequency calibration probe array on the quiet zone side of the multi-frequency common-aperture array. The calibration probe array and the multi-frequency common-aperture array are set in the same plane to synchronously collect the amplitude and phase information of the multi-frequency radiation signal. S3. The multi-band common port array is divided into frequency bands for excitation, and the original amplitude and phase data of the entire link of the RF front-end, each node of the feed network and the calibration probe are collected through the distributed amplitude and phase acquisition unit. S4. The original data is processed using a frequency band decoupling algorithm. A frequency band separation matrix is ​​constructed based on the center frequency of each frequency band. Frequency band coupling interference is eliminated by orthogonal decomposition, and the independent amplitude and phase errors of each frequency band are extracted. S5. Generate amplitude and phase calibration weights based on amplitude and phase errors, and send them to the amplitude and phase adjustment modules at the feed ends of each array element; S6. The amplitude and phase adjustment module performs real-time amplitude and phase correction on the excitation signal according to the calibration weight to complete the calibration. The calibration effect is verified by the calibration probe array. If it does not meet the standard, S3-S5 are repeated until the accuracy requirements are met.

2. The full-system amplitude and phase calibration method for a multi-band common-aperture array according to claim 1, characterized in that, The full-link amplitude and phase error model includes the amplitude and phase errors of the signal source, power divider network, amplitude and phase stabilizer connector, multi-band array elements, and spatial transmission.

3. The full-system amplitude and phase calibration method for a multi-band common-aperture array according to claim 1, characterized in that, The frequency band decoupling algorithm separates the amplitude and phase information of the mixed frequency bands into independent data for each frequency band through orthogonal decomposition.

4. The full-system amplitude and phase calibration method for a multi-band common-aperture array according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S5, amplitude and phase calibration weights corresponding to each array element are generated, and the calibration weights are sent to the amplitude and phase adjustment modules deployed at the feed ends of each array element via wired or wireless communication.

5. A full-system amplitude and phase calibration device for a multi-band common-aperture array, calibrated using the method described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, include: Multi-band common aperture array, built-in multi-frequency calibration probe array, distributed amplitude and phase acquisition unit, amplitude and phase adjustment module, and main control computing module; The multi-band common aperture array is composed of multiple layers of tightly coupled array elements of different frequency bands. The array elements adopt an electromagnetic decoupling structure design and are suitable for the 0.8-40GHz ultra-wideband operating frequency band. The built-in multi-frequency calibration probe array is deployed on the quiet zone side of the multi-band common aperture array and is set coplanar with the array. The probe spacing matches the spatial sampling theorem, synchronously acquiring the amplitude and phase information of the radiation signals of each frequency band and transmitting the information to the distributed amplitude and phase acquisition unit. The distributed amplitude and phase acquisition unit includes multiple amplitude and phase acquisition nodes, which are deployed at the radio frequency front end, each branch node of the power supply network, and the output end of the calibration probe array, respectively. It is used to acquire the raw amplitude and phase data of the entire link and transmit the data to the main control computing module. The amplitude and phase adjustment module is deployed at the feed end of each array element, including an amplitude attenuator and an ultra-wideband phase shifter, which can adjust the amplitude and phase of the excitation signal in real time according to the calibration weight issued by the main control calculation module. The main control computing module has a built-in full-link amplitude and phase error model, frequency band decoupling algorithm, calibration weight generation unit and calibration effect evaluation unit. It is used to process the original amplitude and phase data, extract amplitude and phase error values, generate calibration weights, and control the collaborative work of each module to complete the calibration effect verification.

6. The full-system amplitude and phase calibration device for a multi-band common-aperture array according to claim 5, characterized in that, The built-in multi-frequency calibration probe is an ultra-wideband compact probe with a microstrip Vivaldi structure. It operates in the 0.8-40GHz frequency band and is coated with absorbing material to reduce interference with the radiation field of the multi-band common aperture array.

7. The full-system amplitude and phase calibration device for a multi-band common-aperture array according to claim 5, characterized in that, The distributed amplitude and phase acquisition unit has the following acquisition accuracy: amplitude resolution ≤ 0.01dB, phase resolution ≤ 0.1°, and acquisition rate ≥ 100MS / s, enabling synchronous acquisition of amplitude and phase data across the entire link.

8. The full-system amplitude and phase calibration device for a multi-band common-aperture array according to claim 5, characterized in that, The amplitude and phase adjustment module has an amplitude adjustment range of 0–40dB and an accuracy of ≤±0.05dB; the phase adjustment range is 0–360°, with an adjustment accuracy of amplitude ≤±0.05dB and phase ≤±3°.

9. The full-system amplitude and phase calibration device for a multi-band common-aperture array according to claim 5, characterized in that, The main control computing module also includes a data storage module and a calibration effect evaluation module; The data storage module is used to store the original amplitude and phase data, error values, and calibration weights of the entire link. The calibration effect evaluation module is used to calculate the amplitude ripple and phase ripple of the radiation field based on the data collected by the calibration probe, and to determine whether the calibration accuracy requirements are met.

10. The full-system amplitude and phase calibration device for a multi-band common-aperture array according to claim 5, characterized in that, The amplitude and phase calibration device supports both online real-time calibration and offline calibration, and can be integrated into plane wave synthesis systems, radar antenna systems, and electromagnetic characteristic testing systems.

Images