Display panel and display device

Abstract

This disclosure provides a display panel and display device, relating to the field of display technology. The panel includes a substrate, a light-emitting device layer disposed on one side of the substrate, and a first dimming layer and a second dimming layer disposed on the side of the light-emitting device layer away from the substrate. Along the thickness direction of the display panel, the first dimming layer is located between the second dimming layer and the light-emitting device layer. The light-emitting device layer includes multiple light-emitting devices. The first dimming layer includes multiple dimming units, each corresponding to a light-emitting device. Each dimming unit includes a first dimming section and a second dimming section disposed around the first dimming section, with a gap between the sidewalls of the first and second dimming sections. Along the thickness direction of the display panel, the first dimming section covers the light-emitting devices, and the second dimming section does not overlap with the light-emitting devices. The refractive indices of both the first and second dimming sections are greater than the refractive index of the second dimming layer. Thus, while maintaining brightness at a positive viewing angle, the wide viewing angle characteristics are effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of display technology, and more particularly to a display panel and display device. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of science and technology, more and more display products, such as mobile phones, tablets, laptops and smart wearable devices, are being widely used in people's daily lives and work, bringing great convenience to people's daily lives and work, and becoming an indispensable tool for people today.

[0003] At present, in order to improve display brightness, those skilled in the art usually improve the light output efficiency in the direction perpendicular to the plane where the display panel is located (i.e., the normal viewing angle), while ignoring the light effect of the display panel at a large viewing angle, resulting in poor viewing angle characteristics at a large viewing angle. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this disclosure provides a display panel and a display device, which aim to improve the viewing angle characteristics of display products at wide viewing angles.

[0005] In a first aspect, this disclosure provides a display panel, comprising: a substrate, a light-emitting device layer disposed on one side of the substrate, and a first dimming layer and a second dimming layer disposed on the side of the light-emitting device layer away from the substrate. Along the thickness direction of the display panel, the first dimming layer is located between the second dimming layer and the light-emitting device layer, and the light-emitting device layer includes a plurality of light-emitting devices. The first dimming layer includes a plurality of dimming units, and the dimming units are disposed corresponding to the light-emitting devices. Each dimming unit includes a first dimming part and a second dimming part disposed around the first dimming part, and there is a gap between the sidewalls of the first dimming part and the second dimming part. Along the thickness direction of the display panel, the first dimming part covers the light-emitting devices, and the second dimming part does not overlap with the light-emitting devices. The refractive indices of both the first dimming part and the second dimming part are greater than the refractive index of the second dimming layer.

[0006] In a second aspect, this disclosure provides a display device, including the display panel provided in the first aspect of this disclosure.

[0007] The technical solution provided in this disclosure has the following advantages compared with the prior art: In the display panel provided in this disclosure, after a first dimming unit is introduced directly above the light-emitting device, a second dimming unit is introduced around the first dimming unit. After the first dimming unit modulates the light once, the second dimming unit can modulate a portion of the light a second time. Specifically, the original light emitted by the light-emitting device contains a large amount of light with a large angle to the normal direction. When this light enters the low-refractive-index second dimming layer from the high-refractive-index first dimming unit, due to the difference in refractive index, the light is refracted at the interface, and its exit angle deflects towards the direction closer to the normal. The large-angle light that would originally dissipate laterally is effectively "collected" and guided to a direction perpendicular to the display panel (normal viewing angle). This not only significantly improves the luminous brightness at the normal viewing angle, but also allows for a substantial reduction in the driving current of the light-emitting device while maintaining the same brightness requirements, thereby effectively reducing the overall power consumption and extending the panel's lifespan. The second dimming unit is located outside the first dimming unit. It can perform secondary modulation on wide-viewing-angle light that avoids or passes through the edge of the first dimming unit. It can guide this part of the light to medium-wide viewing angles such as 30°, effectively compensating for the brightness loss caused by excessive light focusing by the microlens above the light-emitting device. This allows the display panel to maintain high brightness at wide viewing angles, resulting in better viewing angle characteristics. Consequently, the display panel can maintain a high brightness level at different viewing angles, effectively improving the viewing angle characteristics of the display panel at various viewing angles. Attached Figure Description

[0008] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this disclosure.

[0009] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this disclosure or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0010] Figure 1 The image shown is a plan view of a display panel provided in an embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 2 As shown Figure 1 A diagram showing the relative positions of the dimming unit and the light-emitting device in a display panel; Figure 3 As shown Figure 2 A cross-sectional view along the AA direction; Figure 4 The image shown is a schematic diagram of a film layer in a display panel provided by related technologies; Figure 5 As shown Figure 2 Another AA-direction section view; Figure 6 The diagram shown is a planar schematic of a first dimming unit, a second dimming unit, and a corresponding light-emitting device. Figure 7 The diagram shown illustrates a relative positional relationship between the first dimming unit and the second dimming unit in a display panel provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. Figure 8 The diagram shown illustrates a relative positional relationship between the first dimming unit and the second dimming unit in a display panel provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. Figure 9 The diagram shown illustrates a relative positional relationship between the first dimming unit and the second dimming unit in a display panel provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. Figure 10 As shown Figure 2 Another AA-direction section view; Figure 11 The diagram shown is a planar schematic of a first dimming unit, a second dimming unit, and a corresponding light-emitting device. Figure 12 The diagram shown is another planar schematic of the first dimming unit, the second dimming unit, and the corresponding light-emitting device. Figure 13 The diagram shows a planar schematic of three color light-emitting devices and their corresponding dimming sections. Figure 14 The image shown is a schematic diagram of a film layer of a display panel provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 15 The diagram shown is a schematic diagram of another film layer of the display panel provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 16 As shown Figure 2 Another AA-direction section view; Figure 17 The figure shown is a planar schematic diagram of a single light-emitting device and its corresponding first dimming unit and second dimming unit in a display panel provided in an embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 18 The diagram shows another planar schematic of the three color light-emitting devices and their corresponding dimming sections. Figure 19 The diagram shown is another planar schematic of the first dimming unit, the second dimming unit, and the corresponding light-emitting device. Figure 20 The diagram shows another planar schematic of the three color light-emitting devices and their corresponding dimming sections. Figure 21 The diagram shows another planar schematic of the three color light-emitting devices and their corresponding dimming sections. Figure 22 The diagram shows another planar schematic of the three color light-emitting devices and their corresponding dimming sections. Figure 23 The diagram shows another planar schematic of the three color light-emitting devices and their corresponding dimming sections. Figure 24 The diagram shows another planar schematic of the three color light-emitting devices and their corresponding dimming sections. Figure 25 The diagram shown is a schematic diagram of another film layer of the display panel provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 26 The diagram shown is a schematic diagram of another film layer of the display panel provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 27 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of a display device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0011] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this disclosure, the solutions disclosed herein will be further described below. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described herein can be combined with each other.

[0012] Numerous specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of this disclosure, but this disclosure may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein; obviously, the embodiments in the specification are only some, and not all, of the embodiments of this disclosure.

[0013] In the field of display technology, organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) have become a research focus due to their advantages such as self-emission and high contrast. In related technologies, in order to reduce power consumption and improve display brightness, those skilled in the art often introduce microlens structures above OLED devices to improve light extraction efficiency in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the display panel (i.e., the viewing angle).

[0014] However, while existing microlens technology improves the light effect at a positive viewing angle, it often does so by changing the emission path of light at a wide viewing angle. This results in excessive refraction of light from a wide viewing angle towards the positive viewing angle, causing the brightness of the display panel to decay too quickly at wide viewing angles (such as 30°), resulting in poor viewing angle characteristics.

[0015] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this disclosure provides a display panel. Figure 1 The image shown is a plan view of a display panel provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. Figure 2 As shown Figure 1 A diagram showing the relative positions of the dimming unit and the light-emitting device in a display panel. Figure 3 As shown Figure 2 Please refer to one type of AA-direction cross-section diagram. Figures 1 to 3The display panel 100 provided in this embodiment includes: a substrate 00, a light-emitting device layer 30 disposed on one side of the substrate 00, and a first dimming layer 51 and a second dimming layer 52 disposed on the side of the light-emitting device layer 30 away from the substrate 00. Along the thickness direction of the display panel, the first dimming layer 51 is located between the second dimming layer 52 and the light-emitting device layer 30. The light-emitting device layer 30 includes a plurality of light-emitting devices P. The first dimming layer 51 includes a plurality of dimming units 50, and the dimming units 50 are disposed corresponding to the light-emitting devices P. The dimming unit 50 includes a first dimming part 511 and a second dimming part 512 disposed around the first dimming part 511. There is a gap between the sidewalls of the first dimming part 511 and the second dimming part 512. Along the thickness direction of the display panel, the first dimming part 511 covers the light-emitting devices P, and the second dimming part 512 does not overlap with the light-emitting devices P. The refractive indices of the first dimming part 511 and the second dimming part 512 are both greater than the refractive index of the second dimming layer 52. Optionally, an encapsulation layer 40 is further provided on the side of the light-emitting device layer 30 facing away from the substrate to isolate the light-emitting device P from the external environment. Optionally, a polarizer 60 may also be provided on the side of the second dimming layer 52 facing away from the substrate; this disclosure does not specifically limit this.

[0016] The display panel 100 provided in this embodiment introduces a layered dimming design. The first dimming layer 51 is a high-refractive-index layer, and the second dimming layer 52 is a low-refractive-index layer. The first dimming layer 51 includes a first dimming part 511 and a second dimming part 512 made of a high-refractive-index material. The second dimming layer 52 covers the first dimming layer 51 and has a lower refractive index than the first dimming layer 51. The first dimming part 511 is located directly above the pixel opening K0 and covers the light-emitting device P. Its main function is to capture the original large-angle light emitted by the light-emitting device P. The refractive index difference between the first dimming part 511 and the second dimming layer 52 causes the large-angle light that would originally be emitted from the side to be deflected towards the normal direction (positive angle) after refraction by the first dimming part 511. The second dimming part 512 is located outside the first dimming part 511 and does not overlap with the light-emitting device P; that is, it is located above the pixel definition layer. A gap is provided between the sidewalls of the first dimming unit 511 and the second dimming unit 512 to ensure the independence of the morphology of the two dimming units and the integrity of the optical interface.

[0017] In related technologies, when microlenses are introduced into a display panel, the microlenses are often positioned directly above the light-emitting device P, for example, please refer to... Figure 4 ,in, Figure 4The diagram shows a film layer of a display panel provided by related technologies. In this solution, the microlens W is used to focus the light emitted by the light-emitting device P to the positive viewing angle, thereby improving the brightness at the positive viewing angle. However, this solution leads to over-focusing, and some light from wide viewing angles is reflected inside the display panel and cannot be further directed to the light-emitting surface, ultimately resulting in extremely low brightness of the display panel at wide viewing angles such as 30°. Even if attempts are made to improve the performance at wide viewing angles by increasing the coverage area of ​​the microlens or adjusting its edge slope, the limited means of light path control often come at the cost of sacrificing brightness at the positive viewing angle, and its ability to guide light over a wide viewing angle is extremely limited, making it difficult to achieve a substantial improvement in the display characteristics at wide viewing angles.

[0018] Regarding the display panel provided in this disclosure, please refer to... Figure 3 After introducing a first dimming unit 511 directly above the light-emitting device P, a second dimming unit 512 is introduced around the first dimming unit 511. The first dimming unit 511 ensures the brightness of light emitted from the normal viewing angle, while the second dimming unit 512 guides light from a wide viewing angle to the medium to large viewing angle of the light-emitting surface of the display panel to ensure the brightness of light emitted from a wide viewing angle. Specifically, the original light emitted by the light-emitting device P contains a large number of rays with large angles to the normal direction. When these rays enter the low-refractive-index second dimming layer 52 from the high-refractive-index first dimming unit 511, due to the difference in refractive index, the rays are refracted at the interface, and their exit angle deflects towards the direction closer to the normal. The large-angle rays that would originally dissipate laterally are effectively collected and guided to a direction perpendicular to the display panel (normal viewing angle), for example, see reference. Figure 3 The deflection of the light beam L1. This not only significantly improves the luminous brightness at a positive viewing angle, but also allows for a substantial reduction in the driving current of the light-emitting device P while maintaining the same brightness requirements, thereby effectively reducing overall power consumption and extending the panel's lifespan. The second dimming unit 512 is located around the first dimming unit 511 and can modulate wide-viewing-angle light that avoids or passes through the edge of the first dimming unit 511. It can guide this portion of light to medium to wide viewing angles such as 30°, for example, refer to... Figure 3Regarding the deflection of light rays L2 and L3, a portion of the wide-viewing-angle light rays, after being refracted by the second dimming unit 512 and the second dimming layer 52, can be guided to a medium-to-large viewing angle direction such as 30° (e.g., light ray L2). Another portion of the wide-viewing-angle light rays, after being refracted by the second dimming unit 512 and the second dimming layer 52, can be guided to an even wider viewing angle direction such as 60° (e.g., light ray L3). This compensates for the problem of dim brightness at medium-to-large viewing angles such as 30° and 60°, effectively compensating for the brightness loss caused by excessive light focusing by the microlens above the light-emitting device in related technologies. This allows the display panel to maintain high brightness even at large viewing angles, resulting in better viewing angle characteristics. Consequently, the display panel can maintain a high brightness level at different viewing angles, effectively improving the viewing angle characteristics of the display panel at various viewing angles.

[0019] Therefore, in this disclosure, the first dimming unit 511 and the second dimming unit 512 work together to further satisfy the brightness of the light output at a wide viewing angle while ensuring the brightness of the light output at a normal viewing angle. This breaks the deadlock in related technologies where the brightness of the light output at a wide viewing angle drops sharply when a microlens is introduced only directly above the light-emitting device, and achieves high-quality display across the entire viewing angle range.

[0020] Please continue to refer to this. Figure 2 and Figure 3 In one optional embodiment of this disclosure, the first dimming unit 511 and the second dimming unit 512 have the same refractive index, or the refractive index of the first dimming unit 511 is less than the refractive index of the second dimming unit 512.

[0021] When the first dimming unit 511 and the second dimming unit 512 are fabricated using the same high-refractive-index material, due to their identical refractive indices, they can be completed in the same coating and exposure process (using a halftone mask or a regular mask). This greatly simplifies the production process, shortens the process time, and significantly reduces the cost of material management and masks. When their refractive indices are the same, the first dimming unit 511 can stably refract large-angle light from the pixel center region to the positive viewing angle to improve brightness; at the same time, the second dimming unit 512, as an independent structure, can still compensate for edge light, thereby improving brightness attenuation at large viewing angles to a certain extent. Moreover, the identical material ensures that the entire first dimming layer 51 maintains a high degree of consistency in thermal stability, chemical stability, and transmittance, reducing the risk of interfacial stress or optical dispersion caused by material mismatch.

[0022] When the first dimming unit 511 uses a high-refractive-index material, while the peripheral second dimming unit 512 uses a material with an even higher refractive index, according to the law of refraction, the greater the difference in refractive index, the stronger the ability to deflect light. The second dimming unit 512, with its higher refractive index, means it can capture and refract edge light at extremely high angles with greater capability. This further enhances the light intensity over a wide viewing angle, making the viewing angle brightness curve smoother. The first dimming unit 511 is responsible for stabilizing the basic light effect at a positive viewing angle, while the second dimming unit 512, with its higher refractive index, acts like a powerful conduit, converting more lateral stray light into effective display light. This gradient design maximizes the total light output across the entire viewing angle without sacrificing the brightness at a positive viewing angle.

[0023] In some other embodiments of this disclosure, the refractive indices of the first dimming section 511 and the second dimming section 512 corresponding to some light-emitting devices P can be set to be the same, and the refractive index of the second dimming section 512 corresponding to some light-emitting devices P can be set to be greater than the refractive index of the first dimming section 511. For example, when the display panel includes light-emitting devices P of three colors: red, green, and blue, the green light-emitting device usually experiences more severe viewing angle attenuation than the red and blue light-emitting devices due to aperture ratio or microcavity effect, which can easily cause the side view image to appear red or blue. In this case, by setting the refractive index of the second dimming section 512 corresponding to the green light-emitting device to be greater than the refractive index of the first dimming section 511, a stronger viewing angle compensation gain can be provided for the green light-emitting device, thereby achieving accurate compensation for viewing angle deviation.

[0024] Figure 5 As shown Figure 2 Another AA-direction section view, Figure 6 The diagram shown is a planar schematic of the first dimming unit 511, the second dimming unit 512, and the corresponding light-emitting device P. Please refer to the diagram. Figure 2 and Figure 3 ,as well as Figure 5 and Figure 6 In one optional embodiment of this disclosure, the first dimming unit 511 includes a first bottom DB1 facing the light-emitting device P, and the second dimming unit 512 includes a second bottom DB2 facing the light-emitting device P; along the direction parallel to the light-emitting surface of the display panel, the spacing width between the first bottom DB1 and the second bottom DB2 is S0, 0μm≤S0≤2μm.

[0025] When S0=0, please refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6The first dimming unit 511 and the second dimming unit 512 are physically continuous at the bottom, with no gaps exposing the underlying substrate. Because there are no gaps between the first dimming unit 511 and the second dimming unit 512, almost all light emitted from the light-emitting device P enters the high-refractive-index medium when emitted laterally. This reduces stray reflection or total internal reflection losses that may occur when light passes through low-refractive-index gaps, resulting in a smoother light path transition. With S0=0, the second dimming unit 512 can intercept light emitted from the edge of the pixel opening K0 earlier. For light rays with extremely large angles, the gapless design ensures that they can directly enter the refraction system of the second dimming unit 512, thus providing a stronger theoretical gain in improving brightness over wide viewing angles. Furthermore, from a structural stability perspective, the continuous coverage at the bottom provides a more robust physical protective barrier for the underlying light-emitting device P, contributing to improved device packaging reliability to some extent.

[0026] When 0 < S0 ≤ 2μm, please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 The first dimming section 511 and the second dimming section 512 are independent of each other, and there is a certain horizontal distance between the first bottom DB1 and the second bottom DB2. In semiconductor processes (such as photolithography or imprinting), maintaining a certain gap width S0 is beneficial for organic materials to form an ideal slope angle during the curing process. If the gap width S0 is too small or 0, adjacent structures may be pulled together due to the fluidity of the material, resulting in a distortion of the slope shape. The existence of a certain gap ensures that the first dimming section 511 and the second dimming section 512 each have an independent refractive interface that meets the design requirements, so that the slope angle of the first dimming section 511 and the second dimming section 512 meets the expectations, thereby achieving the expected light deflection effect. Moreover, the existence of the gap allows the second dimming layer 52 (low-refractive layer) to fill the space between the first dimming section 511 and the second dimming section 512. This means that after light is emitted from the first dimming section 511, it will first enter the low-refractive layer, and then enter the second dimming section 512 or be emitted directly. This "high-low-high" refractive index jump increases the number of optical interfaces, giving optical designers more freedom to precisely adjust the direction of light distribution, which helps to optimize perspective piezoresistive light more finely. Furthermore, maintaining a small gap between the bottoms of the first dimming unit 511 and the second dimming unit 512 avoids uneven adhesion problems caused by process fluctuations. Therefore, by controlling S0 ≤ 2μm, both structural independence and the gap are ensured to be not too large, preventing light loss due to the lack of high-refractive-index material covering the gap.

[0027] Figure 7 The diagram shown illustrates the relative positions of the first dimming unit 511 and the second dimming unit 512 in a display panel provided in this embodiment. Please refer to the diagram. Figure 3 and Figure 7In one optional embodiment of this disclosure, the first dimming unit 511 includes a first bottom DB1 and a first sidewall CB1 connected to each other, the first sidewall CB1 being located on the side of the first bottom DB1 away from the light-emitting device layer 30; the second dimming unit 512 includes a second bottom DB2 and a second sidewall CB2 connected to each other, the second sidewall CB2 being located on the side of the second bottom DB2 away from the light-emitting device layer 30; the included angle between the first bottom DB1 and the first sidewall CB1 (the ramp angle mentioned in the foregoing embodiment) is α1, and the included angle between the second bottom DB2 and the second sidewall CB2 (the ramp angle mentioned in the foregoing embodiment) is α2, wherein α1 < α2 ≤ 90°.

[0028] Please combine Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 7 The first dimming unit 511 is located directly above the light-emitting device P. A smaller included angle α1 means a gentler sidewall, allowing a wider range of original large-angle light to meet refraction conditions. It directs light that would otherwise be scattered laterally towards the normal direction (frontal viewing angle) with a larger deflection, thus improving forward light extraction efficiency and reducing panel power consumption, ensuring sufficient brightness at the frontal viewing angle. The second dimming unit 512 is located outside the first dimming unit 511, with a larger included angle α2 (steeper sidewall). The steeper sidewall results in a relatively smaller deflection angle for the light; its primary goal is not to pull the light back to the frontal viewing angle, but rather to guide the light towards a medium-to-large viewing angle of approximately 30°. This effectively compensates for the large-viewing-angle brightness loss caused by the light focusing of the first dimming unit 511, alleviating the brightness decay problem.

[0029] Therefore, setting α1 < α2 ≤ 90°, this gradient design with a gentle inner slope and a steep outer slope avoids excessive light concentration caused by a single-angle lens. While significantly improving brightness at the front viewing angle, it retains and enhances light output at a wide viewing angle, making the brightness distribution of the display screen more uniform at different angles. Furthermore, the larger angle α2 provides an opportunity for secondary modulation of edge light. By fine-tuning the angle α2, the light intensity ratio of light-emitting devices with different colors can be precisely balanced at wide viewing angles, thereby significantly improving side-view color shift. This will be explained in detail in subsequent embodiments.

[0030] It should be noted that in actual production processes (such as thermosetting), the material of the light-adjusting section often forms curved sidewalls rather than perfectly straight planes due to rheological properties. For example, please refer to... Figure 8 and Figure 9 , Figure 8 and Figure 9The diagrams shown below illustrate another relative positional relationship between the first dimming unit 511 and the second dimming unit 512 in the display panel provided in this embodiment. They respectively demonstrate schemes with and without gaps between the first dimming unit 511 and the second dimming unit 512 when the sidewalls of the first dimming unit 511 and the second dimming unit 512 are curved surfaces. It should be noted that in this case, the angle between the bottom and the sidewall is the angle between the tangent line at the uppermost end of the sidewall arc (i.e., the end furthest from the substrate) and the horizontal plane (bottom direction). In practical applications, the intersection of the curved sidewall and the top plane can be selected as the tangent point, and the angle between this tangent line and the reference line parallel to the substrate 00 plane is the corresponding angle α1 or α2.

[0031] Alternatively, please continue to refer to Figures 7 to 9 , 55°≤α1≤65°, 70°≤α2≤80°.

[0032] In one optional embodiment of this disclosure, α2-α1 ≥ 10°. α1 and α2 control the light direction in the central and edge regions of the pixel aperture, respectively. If the angle difference between the two is too small (i.e., α1 ≈ α2), the deflection effects of the two dimming layers on the light tend to be similar, easily leading to excessive concentration of light in a specific viewing angle area, causing a sharp drop in brightness at other viewing angles. By setting α2-α1 ≥ 10°, two different refractive gradients are created: α1 (relatively gentle) focuses on drawing large-angle light towards the normal viewing angle (normal direction), while α2 (relatively steep) is responsible for guiding light to medium-to-large viewing angles (such as around 30°). This hierarchical control ensures a reasonable distribution of light intensity across the entire viewing angle range.

[0033] In related technologies, single-lens structures often result in extremely bright light at the frontal viewing angle and extremely dark light at the side viewing angle. When α2 is significantly greater than α1, the second dimming unit 512 can intercept the light rays that have not been deflected by the first dimming unit 511 and give them a small deflection force, distributing them to the side. This is equivalent to adding a supplementary light ring to the main beam at the frontal viewing angle, effectively slowing down the rate at which brightness decreases with the increase of the viewing angle, and making the visual transition when switching viewing angles smoother and more natural.

[0034] Considering that color shift in OLED display panels primarily stems from the inconsistent brightness decay of red, green, and blue light at wide viewing angles, setting the difference between α2 and α1 to 10° or greater provides sufficient adjustment space for optical design. Using this difference, designers can specifically enhance the light output ratio of a particular color (such as green light, which decays the fastest) at wide viewing angles. If the angle difference is too small, insufficient adjustment sensitivity will make it difficult to accurately balance the viewing angle brightness curves of the three colors, resulting in color shift when viewed from the side.

[0035] Furthermore, in actual mass production, due to fluctuations in the coating and curing processes, there will be certain tolerances in the sidewall angles. By setting α2-α1≥10°, even under process fluctuations, it can be ensured that the first dimming unit 511 is always in a strong focusing state and the second dimming unit 512 is always in a strong compensation state, avoiding optical design failures due to angle overlap, thereby improving product yield and consistency of optical performance.

[0036] Please continue to refer to this. Figure 5 In one optional embodiment of this disclosure, the light-emitting device layer 30 includes a plurality of pixel openings K0, and the light-emitting device P is at least partially located in the pixel openings K0. Along the thickness direction of the display panel, the edge of the first dimming part 511 projected onto the substrate 00 is located outside the pixel openings K0. In this case, the bottom width of the first dimming part 511 is greater than the width of the pixel openings K0. It should be noted that when the pixel openings K0 are inverted trapezoidal structures, the range of the light-emitting device P can be considered as the portion overlapping with the smaller bottom area of ​​the inverted trapezoidal structure along the thickness direction of the display panel.

[0037] Pixel opening K0 is located in pixel definition layer 70. Viewed from the orthographic projection onto substrate 00, the first dimming unit 511 completely covers the light-emitting device P and the corresponding pixel opening K0, with its edge extending above the pixel definition layer 70. When 55°≤α1≤65°, this ensures that the slope region of the first dimming unit 511 precisely falls within the non-opening region of the pixel definition layer. If the edge of the first dimming unit 511 were located inside pixel opening K0, large-angle light rays emitted from the opening edge would not be able to pass through the refractive interface of the first dimming unit 511. By ensuring that the first dimming unit 511 completely covers pixel opening K0, all effective light rays emitted outward from the light-emitting device P can enter the high-refractive-index first dimming unit 511. This guarantees the integrity of the light modulation range, which is beneficial for achieving high light extraction efficiency.

[0038] When α1 is set to around 60°, the slope of the first dimming unit 511 has a strong light-gathering ability. By setting this slope outside the pixel opening K0, it is possible to capture large-angle lateral light that would otherwise be easily absorbed by the pixel definition layer or lost due to total internal reflection, before it diffuses out of the pixel area, and use the golden slope of α1 to refract it to the positive viewing angle, thereby improving positive brightness and reducing power consumption.

[0039] If the edge of the first dimming unit 511 coincides with or is recessed from the edge of the pixel opening K0, complex scattering of light will occur at the interface. Therefore, the design of the first dimming unit 511 extending a certain distance beyond the pixel opening K0 forms a funnel-like light-collecting structure. This design can guide light to emerge in an orderly manner, reduce ineffective reflection of light on the surface of the pixel definition layer, thereby improving the clarity of the image display and reducing optical crosstalk between adjacent pixels.

[0040] During panel manufacturing, there is a certain degree of alignment deviation in photolithography precision. By designing the edge of the first dimming unit 511 to extend beyond the pixel opening K0 by a certain distance, a necessary process window can be provided. Even if a slight alignment shift occurs, the first dimming unit 511 can still completely cover the light-emitting area, ensuring the consistency of optical performance (brightness, viewing angle) between different batches of products.

[0041] Please continue to refer to this. Figure 5 Optionally, the maximum height of the first dimming unit 511 is H1, the width of the pixel opening K0 along the direction parallel to the light-emitting surface of the display panel is S1, and the maximum width of the first dimming unit 511 is S2, where S1 + H1 × cotα1 ≥ S2. H1 × cotα1 is the horizontal projection width of the single-sided slope of the first dimming unit 511. S2 - S1 ≤ H1 × cotα1, thus, the distance the first dimming unit 511 extends outward relative to the pixel opening K0 is less than or equal to the width of its own slope projection. If S2 is too large, the bottom of the first dimming unit 511 will extend too far, causing its refractive slope area to be completely far away from the edge of the pixel opening K0. Therefore, setting S1 + H1 × cotα1 ≥ S2 ensures that the slope portion of the first dimming unit 511 (i.e., the tilted interface that actually performs dimming) can precisely cover the edge of the pixel opening K0 and its adjacent peripheral area. Since the large-angle light rays of the light-emitting device P are mainly emitted obliquely upward from the edge of the opening, this limitation ensures that these rays can be accurately projected onto the refractive interface, thereby obtaining better optical benefits (maximum positive brightness).

[0042] Furthermore, if the bottom width of the first dimming unit 511 is relatively large, resulting in an excessively large top width, a large amount of light will be emitted directly from the top plane of the first dimming unit 511 without refraction through the sidewalls, which fails to achieve a focusing effect. The configuration of S1+H1×cotα1≥S2 optimizes the structural proportions of the first dimming unit 511, forcing more light-emitting area to be allocated to the slope refraction area rather than the flat top area, thereby improving the collection rate of large-angle light, significantly enhancing the ability to convert side light into front light, and further reducing power consumption.

[0043] Furthermore, the function of the second dimming unit 512 is to compensate for brightness over a wide viewing angle. If the bottom width S2 of the first dimming unit 511 expands without restriction, it will squeeze the arrangement space of the peripheral second dimming unit 512. Therefore, by limiting the size of the first dimming unit 511 to a highly efficient and reasonable range, the slope of the complete first dimming unit 511 and the second dimming unit 512 can be accommodated within a limited pixel pitch (the area above the pixel definition layer). This refined balance of spatial layout effectively achieves high front brightness and better wide viewing angle characteristics.

[0044] With S1 + H1 × cotα1 ≥ S2, the outermost light ray emitted from the edge of the pixel opening K0 has a high probability of hitting the ramp surface of the first dimming unit 511 within a vertically rising height range of H1. This ensures that the refractive ramp of the first dimming unit 511 can fully cover the effective light path of the light-emitting device P towards the edge. This allows the large-angle light rays emitted from the edge of the light-emitting device P to use the entire ramp from top to bottom as a refractive interface during the emission process, maximizing the guidance of the large-angle light rays to the positive viewing angle, thereby achieving optimization of positive light efficiency while ensuring the integrity of the ramp morphology.

[0045] Please refer to Figure 5 and Figure 10 ,in, Figure 10 As shown Figure 2 Another AA-direction cross-sectional view, in an optional embodiment of this disclosure, the maximum height of the first dimming unit 511 is H1, and the maximum height of the second dimming unit 512 is H2, wherein H1≥H2.

[0046] In this disclosure, the first dimming unit 511 is located directly above the pixel opening K0, serving as the first barrier to improve light efficiency and reduce power consumption. When H1 ≥ H2, it ensures that the first dimming unit 511 has sufficient thickness (height) to form a complete refractive slope. A larger height H1 can more fully capture the high-angle light emitted by the light-emitting device P and guide it to the normal direction using a longer refraction path, thereby helping to ensure low-power operation of the display panel. The second dimming unit 512 is located around the first dimming unit 511 and mainly plays an auxiliary supplementary lighting role. If H2 > H1, the thicker second dimming unit 512 on the periphery may cause secondary obstruction of some effective light refracted by the first dimming unit 511 or produce unnecessary total internal reflection. Therefore, setting H1 ≥ H2 can ensure a wider light emission path in the central area, reduce light loss, and ensure the stability of light emission efficiency.

[0047] In addition, such as Figure 10 As shown, when H1 > H2 and α1 < α2, a tiered structure with a high inner section and a low outer section, and a gentle inner section and a steep outer section, is formed. The first dimming unit 511 adopts a high and gentle structure, responsible for long-path, high-gain light focusing. The second dimming unit 512 adopts a low and steep structure, responsible for short-path, fine-tuned viewing angle compensation. This combination can more scientifically distribute light intensity, making the brightness attenuation from the positive viewing angle to the wide viewing angle more gradual.

[0048] like Figure 5As shown, when H1=H2, the first dimming unit 511 and the second dimming unit 512 can be fabricated using the exact same process conditions (such as single coating and exposure with the same energy). This greatly improves the consistency and process stability of mass production while ensuring basic optical effects.

[0049] Therefore, by limiting H1 to H2, the first dimming unit 511 located directly above the pixel opening K0 is ensured to have the optimal light-gathering morphology. This maximizes the light efficiency from the front viewing angle while avoiding interference from the peripheral second dimming unit 512 on the main light-emitting path. This height gradient design, in conjunction with the sidewall angle design, achieves precise light intensity distribution across the entire viewing angle range and improves the flatness of the subsequent film layer coating process.

[0050] Please continue to refer to this. Figure 10 In one optional embodiment of this disclosure, the maximum height of the second dimming unit 512 is H2, and the maximum width of the second dimming unit 512 is R2, wherein H2≥R2.

[0051] In this disclosure, the function of the second dimming unit 512 is to capture large-angle light rays that are not modulated by the first dimming unit 511. If H2 < R2, the second dimming unit 512 will have a flat structure, the path of light rays passing through the second dimming unit 512 in the horizontal direction is shorter, and the slope is relatively gentle. By limiting H2 ≥ R2, the second dimming unit 512 has a relatively tall and narrow shape. This high aspect ratio design increases the interception cross-section of the second dimming unit 512 in the vertical direction, ensuring that even ultra-large-angle light rays emitted near the horizontal can hit the sidewall interface of the second dimming unit 512 and be effectively refracted and utilized, significantly improving the brightness performance at large viewing angles.

[0052] In the exposure and development process of organic materials, a structure with a certain height helps maintain the stability of the slope angle. Setting H2 ≥ R2 ensures that the sidewall slope α2 does not easily decrease due to material collapse during curing shrinkage. This guarantees the consistency of the optical performance of the second dimming unit 512 in mass production and reduces the risk of fluctuations in viewing angle brightness.

[0053] Furthermore, in high-performance display panels, the pixel density is very high, and the pixel definition layer area between adjacent pixels is very limited. Limiting H2 to R2 allows for a smaller bottom surface width while achieving the same dimming height. This provides the space to arrange multiple turns of the second dimming unit 512 within a limited pitch or to retain the necessary physical gaps. This compact design allows for the integration of more complex optical structures without increasing the pixel pitch.

[0054] When H2≥R2, and with α2>α1 and 70°≤α2≤80°, this structure can refract light in a relatively concentrated angular range (for example, mainly pointing towards a viewing angle of about 30°). Compared with a flat structure, this tall and narrow structure can provide stronger control over the refraction vector, avoiding random scattering of light, thus compensating for the brightness of a large viewing angle while maintaining the directionality of the light and the contrast of the displayed image.

[0055] Figure 11 The diagram shown is another planar schematic of the first dimming unit 511, the second dimming unit 512, and the corresponding light-emitting device P. Figure 12 The diagram shown is another planar schematic of the first dimming unit 511, the second dimming unit 512, and the corresponding light-emitting device P. Please refer to the diagram. Figure 11 and Figure 12 In one optional embodiment of this disclosure, the second dimming section 512 is projected onto the substrate 00 and surrounds the light-emitting device P; the second dimming section 512 includes a plurality of first sub-dimming sections ZT1, the first sub-dimming sections ZT1 being disposed corresponding to the edge of the projected onto the substrate 00 of the light-emitting device P; along the extending direction of the edge of the light-emitting device P, the first sub-dimming sections ZT1 are at least partially in a continuous strip structure.

[0056] The light emitted by the light-emitting device P is scattered in all directions (360° azimuth). If the second dimming unit 512 is only located on certain sides of the pixel, the viewing angle brightness of the display panel will be inconsistent under different flip directions (such as landscape and portrait). By arranging the second dimming unit 512 around the light-emitting device P and at least part of the first sub-dimming unit ZT1 in a continuous strip structure, it is ensured that the user can obtain the viewing angle brightness compensation provided by the second dimming unit 512 regardless of the user's viewing position (up, down, left, right, and diagonal), thereby ensuring the uniformity of light emission in all directions of the display panel. The continuous strip structure of the first sub-dimming unit ZT1 can provide a larger area of ​​uninterrupted refractive interface, so that the light emitted from the edge of the pixel opening K0 will inevitably encounter the ramp interface of the second dimming unit 512 on its outward diffusion path, regardless of its azimuth angle. This continuous interception mechanism maximizes the capture of large-angle stray light that would otherwise be lost, significantly improving the brightness gain over a wide viewing angle. Furthermore, the continuous strip structure at least part of the first sub-dimming unit ZT1 ensures that the refracted compensation beam is spatially continuous. This results in a very smooth brightness change observed when the user rotates the screen, eliminating visual graininess or bright / dark stripes and improving display detail. In addition, the continuous strip structure has better physical stability (mechanical strength) and can maintain a more stable slope angle during the curing and shrinkage of the organic film layer. This morphological consistency directly translates into stable optical performance, improving the yield rate in mass production. In this disclosure, the first sub-dimming unit ZT1 is positioned corresponding to the edge of the light-emitting device P. That is, the first sub-dimming unit ZT1 is precisely arranged on the flat area of ​​the pixel definition layer. This arrangement fully utilizes the non-light-emitting areas between pixels, adding dimming functionality without reducing the pixel aperture ratio or affecting the main light-emitting path of the aperture area.

[0057] In actual products, when the pixel aperture K0 is a rectangular structure, the first sub-dimming unit ZT1 can be manifested as follows: Figure 11 The continuous strip structure surrounding the pixel opening K0 shown, or as... Figure 12 The four independent strip-shaped structures shown are arranged around each edge of the pixel opening K0; this invention does not specifically limit the arrangement of these structures. Regardless of the arrangement, effective interception and modulation of light emitted from the light-emitting device P in all directions can be achieved. This structure not only ensures the consistency of viewing angle brightness compensation of the display panel at 360° viewing angles, but also enhances the mechanical stability of the microstructure, ensuring the accuracy and uniformity of the optical morphology in mass production.

[0058] Figure 13The diagram shows a planar schematic of three color light-emitting devices and their corresponding dimming sections. In one optional embodiment of this disclosure, the light-emitting device P includes a first-color light-emitting device P1 and a second-color light-emitting device P2. The area of ​​the pixel opening K01 corresponding to a single first-color light-emitting device P1 is larger than the area of ​​the pixel opening K02 corresponding to a single second-color light-emitting device P2. The maximum width b1 of the second dimming section 512 corresponding to the first-color light-emitting device P1 is smaller than the maximum width b2 of the second dimming section 512 corresponding to the second-color light-emitting device P2.

[0059] Optionally, the light-emitting device further includes a third color light-emitting device P3, wherein the area of ​​the pixel opening K03 corresponding to a single third color light-emitting device P3 is smaller than the area of ​​the pixel opening K03 corresponding to a single second color light-emitting device P2, and the maximum width b3 of the second dimming section 512 corresponding to the third color light-emitting device P3 is greater than the maximum width b2 of the second dimming section 512 corresponding to the second color light-emitting device P3.

[0060] Optionally, in this embodiment, the first color light-emitting device P1 is a blue light-emitting device, the second color light-emitting device P2 is a red light-emitting device, and the third color light-emitting device is a green light-emitting device.

[0061] In OLED display panels, the pixel aperture areas corresponding to different color light-emitting devices P may not be the same. For example, the pixel aperture areas corresponding to blue and red light-emitting devices may be larger, while those corresponding to green light-emitting devices may be smaller; or the pixel aperture area corresponding to blue light-emitting devices may be larger than that corresponding to red and green light-emitting devices. The light-emitting device with the smaller aperture area, i.e., the second color light-emitting device P2, has a light-emitting point closer to a point light source, and its brightness decays faster at wide viewing angles than that of the larger-area light-emitting device. Therefore, by configuring a wider second dimming section 512 for the light-emitting device with a smaller pixel aperture K0, the light-capturing area and refractive gain of this light-emitting device in the wide viewing angle direction are increased. This effectively increases the brightness of the small pixel at wide viewing angles, making its decay rate more consistent with that of the large pixel, thereby significantly improving the color shift problem at wide viewing angles.

[0062] The white balance of the display panel needs to be achieved not only at a normal viewing angle but also at different viewing angles. By implementing a wider second dimming section 512 for light-emitting devices with smaller pixel apertures and a narrower second dimming section 512 for light-emitting devices with larger pixel apertures, the light emission curves of different color light-emitting devices are essentially fine-tuned spatially across wide viewing angles. This asymmetric compensation technology ensures that when the user views the screen from the side, the proportions of each color remain within the white balance definition range, improving the accuracy of color reproduction.

[0063] Furthermore, large-area pixels (such as the first-color light-emitting device P1) already occupy a significant portion of the pixel definition layer space, leaving relatively narrow gaps for arranging the second dimming section 512 on the periphery. Providing a narrower second dimming section 512 for the first-color light-emitting device P1 avoids optical or physical interference between its dimming structure and adjacent pixels; while providing a wider second dimming section 512 for small-area pixels fully utilizes the surrounding ample non-light-emitting area space. This size allocation method maximizes overall optical modulation efficiency without altering the pixel density.

[0064] Therefore, this embodiment differentiates the width of the second dimming section 512 corresponding to different color light-emitting devices, and uses a wider second dimming section 512 to provide stronger wide-viewing-angle brightness gain compensation for light-emitting devices with smaller opening areas. This design precisely balances the difference in brightness decay rate of different color pixels during the increase of viewing angle, fundamentally optimizes the viewing angle distortion problem of the display panel, and achieves optimal optical structure layout within the limited pixel space.

[0065] Please continue to refer to this. Figure 13 In one optional embodiment of this disclosure, the area of ​​the pixel opening K01 corresponding to a single first-color light-emitting device P1 is larger than the area of ​​the pixel opening K02 corresponding to a single second-color light-emitting device P2. The orthographic projection of the second dimming unit 512 onto the substrate 00 includes an inner edge NB and an outer edge WB away from the inner edge NB. The distance d1 between the first-color light-emitting device P1 and the inner edge NB of the corresponding second dimming unit 512 is greater than the distance d2 between the second-color light-emitting device P2 and the inner edge NB of the corresponding second dimming unit 512. When the light-emitting device further includes a third-color light-emitting device P3, and the area of ​​the pixel opening K03 corresponding to a single third-color light-emitting device P3 is smaller than the area of ​​the pixel opening K02 corresponding to the second-color light-emitting device P2, the distance d3 between the third-color light-emitting device P3 and the inner edge NB of the corresponding second dimming unit 512 is smaller than the distance d2 between the second-color light-emitting device P2 and the inner edge NB of the corresponding second dimming unit 512.

[0066] In this embodiment, the distance between the edge of the light-emitting device P and the inner edge NB of the second dimming unit 512 determines the path length of light before it is intercepted by the second dimming unit 512. The second dimming unit 512 is positioned close to the light-emitting device P, enabling it to intercept large-angle light rays that avoid the first dimming unit 511 earlier and more completely, resulting in the strongest wide-viewing-angle compensation. If the distance between the edge of the light-emitting device P and the inner edge NB of the second dimming unit 512 is larger, the light diffuses more widely before reaching the second dimming unit 512, and some extremely high-angle light rays may be missed, resulting in relatively weaker compensation. Generally, light-emitting devices with smaller pixel aperture areas exhibit more severe light divergence, leading to the fastest drop in brightness at wide viewing angles. By shortening the distance between this type of light-emitting device and the inner edge NB of the second dimming unit 512, its brightness at wide viewing angles can be significantly increased, aligning its attenuation slope with that of the first color light-emitting device with a larger pixel aperture area, thereby suppressing viewing angle color shift at the source.

[0067] The first color light-emitting device P1 has a large pixel aperture K01, resulting in a relatively high luminous flux over wide viewing angles. If its corresponding inner edge NB of the second dimming unit 512 is too close, this color will be too bright (overcompensated) at wide viewing angles, causing the white balance to drift towards that color. Therefore, the distance between the inner edge NB of the second dimming unit 512 and the second color light-emitting device P2 is set to be relatively large, allowing some of the wide-angle light from the first color light-emitting device P1 to be naturally scattered, avoiding excessive concentration and refraction by the second dimming unit 512. This design ensures that large pixels do not interfere with the color performance of small pixels when viewed at wide viewing angles, guaranteeing the stability of white balance across all viewing angles. By increasing the distance between the second dimming unit 512 of the larger first color light-emitting device P1 and the first dimming unit 511, a wider optical window can be formed, reducing light reflection loss at the bottom of the microstructure. This allows pixels of different colors to achieve a high degree of consistency in total light output efficiency across all viewing angles, improving the brightness uniformity of the display screen, even with significant differences in aperture area.

[0068] This embodiment achieves asymmetric control of the capture efficiency of different colors of light at wide viewing angles by limiting the distance between the first color light-emitting device P1 and its corresponding inner edge NB of the second dimming section 512 to be greater than the distance between the second color light-emitting device P2 and its corresponding inner edge NB of the second dimming section 512. This design provides more timely viewing angle compensation gain for pixels with smaller aperture areas, effectively balancing the brightness attenuation slope of the red, green, and blue light-emitting devices at wide viewing angles, thereby fundamentally optimizing the viewing angle distortion of the display panel and improving the optical isolation between pixels.

[0069] Figure 14 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the film layer of a display panel provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The film layer details of the corresponding regions of the first color light-emitting device P1 and the second color light-emitting device P2 are explained. Please refer to [link / reference needed]. Figure 14 In one optional embodiment of this disclosure, when the area of ​​the pixel opening K01 corresponding to a single first-color light-emitting device P1 is larger than the area of ​​the pixel opening K02 corresponding to a single second-color light-emitting device P2, the maximum height H21 of the second dimming section 512 corresponding to the first-color light-emitting device P1 is smaller than the maximum height H22 of the second dimming section 512 corresponding to the second-color light-emitting device P2. The height of the second dimming section 512 directly determines the amount of large-angle escaping light it captures. When the height of the second dimming section 512 is larger, the second dimming section 512 has a longer refractive slope, which can intercept and modulate a larger proportion of large-angle light, resulting in stronger brightness gain over a wide viewing angle. Conversely, when the height of the second dimming section 512 is smaller, the proportion of light intercepted is relatively smaller, resulting in weaker gain over a wide viewing angle. Generally, the pixel opening K01 of the first-color light-emitting device P1 is large, and the viewing angle brightness is naturally stronger; while the pixel opening K02 of the second-color light-emitting device P2 is small, and the viewing angle decays extremely quickly. By raising the second dimming section 512 of the second color light-emitting device P2, it can be given a stronger wide-viewing-angle supplementary light capability, and its brightness attenuation slope can be brought closer to that of the first color.

[0070] Considering that color shift at wide viewing angles is often due to green brightness decreasing faster than red and blue, this embodiment employs a highly differentiated design for the second dimming unit 512, customizing the supplementary lighting intensity for different colored light-emitting devices P. Light-emitting devices P with faster light decay are paired with a taller second dimming unit 512, while light-emitting devices with slower light decay are paired with a shorter second dimming unit 512. This ensures that the light intensity ratio of the red, green, and blue light-emitting devices P remains at a level close to the normal viewing angle even at wide viewing angles such as 30° and 45°. This significantly suppresses side-view color shift and guarantees color reproduction accuracy across all viewing angles.

[0071] Please continue to refer to this. Figure 14 In one optional embodiment of this disclosure, the light-emitting device P includes a first color light-emitting device P1 and a second color light-emitting device P2. The area of ​​the pixel opening K01 corresponding to a single first color light-emitting device P1 is larger than the area of ​​the pixel opening K02 corresponding to a single second color light-emitting device P2. The second dimming part 512 includes a second bottom DB2 and a second sidewall CB2 connected to each other. The second sidewall CB2 is located on the side of the second bottom DB2 away from the light-emitting device P. In the second dimming part 512 corresponding to the first color light-emitting device P1, the included angle between the second bottom DB2 and the second sidewall CB2 is α21. In the second dimming part 512 corresponding to the second color light-emitting device P2, the included angle between the second bottom DB2 and the second sidewall CB2 is α22, wherein α21 < α22.

[0072] In this disclosure, the angle between the sidewall and bottom of the second dimming unit 512 directly determines the deflection amplitude of the light. A smaller angle α21 corresponds to a relatively gentle second sidewall CB2, which has a greater deflection force on the light and tends to converge the light towards the area closer to the positive viewing angle. A larger angle α22 corresponds to a steeper second sidewall CB2, which has a smaller deflection force on the light and can maintain the light at a larger emission angle. The pixel aperture K01 of the first color light-emitting device P1 has a large area, resulting in a wider spectral brightness distribution and slower attenuation; while the pixel aperture K02 of the second color light-emitting device P2 has a small area, resulting in extremely fast spectral attenuation. By configuring a larger angle α22 for the second color light-emitting device P2, more light with a wide viewing angle can be retained, preventing it from converging too quickly towards the center, thereby compensating for its brightness loss at a wide viewing angle.

[0073] Furthermore, larger light-emitting devices P (such as the first color light-emitting device P1) emit a large total amount of light. Configuring a smaller α21 for them helps to more effectively guide stray light from the edges of the large light-emitting device P into the effective viewing angle area, improving light energy utilization. Conversely, configuring a larger α22 for smaller light-emitting devices P focuses on expanding their visible range. This targeted optimization improves the overall panel brightness while also enhancing display contrast by reducing ineffective scattered light.

[0074] By setting α21 < α22, the viewing angle curve of the larger light-emitting device P (the first color light-emitting device P1) is slightly narrowed, while the viewing angle curve of the smaller light-emitting device P (the second color light-emitting device P2) remains wide. This asymmetrical angle design forces the viewing angle brightness curves of different colors to align, ensuring that the proportion of each color remains constant when the user observes from the side, thereby significantly improving the color uniformity across the entire viewing angle.

[0075] Therefore, this disclosure achieves asymmetric control of the viewing angle distribution characteristics of different colored lights by differentially limiting the included angle of the second dimming section 512 corresponding to different color light-emitting devices. A smaller included angle α21 optimizes the light energy utilization of the large-area light-emitting device P, while a larger included angle α22 slows down the brightness decay of small-area pixels at large viewing angles, thereby precisely balancing the difference in brightness decay rate of different color light-emitting devices P as the viewing angle increases. This design fundamentally suppresses color shift in the display panel at large viewing angles, ensuring white balance stability and display quality across the entire viewing angle range.

[0076] Figure 15The diagram shows another film layer of the display panel provided in an embodiment of the present invention, illustrating the film layer conditions of the corresponding areas of the second color light-emitting device P2 and the third color light-emitting device P3. In an optional embodiment of this disclosure, the light-emitting device P further includes the third color light-emitting device P3, and the area of ​​the pixel opening K03 corresponding to a single third color light-emitting device P3 is smaller than the area of ​​the pixel opening K04 corresponding to a single second color light-emitting device P2; in the second dimming section 512 corresponding to the third color light-emitting device P3, the included angle between the second bottom DB2 and the second sidewall CB2 is α23, where α23 > α22. Optionally, in this embodiment, the third color light-emitting device P3 is a green light-emitting device, the second color light-emitting device P2 is a red light-emitting device, and the first color light-emitting device P1 is a blue light-emitting device.

[0077] The third-color light-emitting device P3, due to having the smallest pixel aperture K0 area, has light-emitting characteristics closest to a "point light source," resulting in an extremely large light divergence angle and the most severe brightness attenuation at viewing angles. By setting a larger angle α23 (i.e., the steepest sidewall), the deflection effect of the second dimming unit 512 on extremely high-angle light is reduced. This means that light that would normally disappear to the side can now be emitted at a larger angle. This powerful light-retention design greatly improves the brightness visibility of the smallest pixel at wide viewing angles.

[0078] In OLED panels, green pixels are often key to viewing angle bias. If the brightness of green light decays faster than that of red and blue light at wide viewing angles, the screen will appear noticeably purple or reddish when viewed from the side. By setting a stepped angle design of α23 > α22 > α21, the viewing angle curves of the three colors are precisely aligned. The third color, with the smallest aperture and the fastest decay, receives the steepest sidewall protection, ensuring its energy proportion at wide viewing angles. This design allows the display panel to maintain high color reproduction capabilities at extremely wide viewing angles, effectively eliminating or mitigating viewing angle bias.

[0079] Because the pixel aperture K0 of the third color light-emitting device P3 has the smallest area, it provides the most spacious non-light-emitting area around it. By placing the steepest second dimming section 512 in these areas, an extremely high aspect ratio can be achieved without the optical crosstalk caused by insufficient spacing, as is the case with larger pixel areas. This fully enhances the spatial gain potential of small pixel areas and improves the overall viewing angle quality of the panel through structural optimization without increasing power consumption.

[0080] Therefore, setting α23 > α22 > α21 makes the brightness change more linear and smooth when users rotate the screen quickly or when multiple people view it from multiple angles. This compensates for the "narrow viewing angle gain" defect that is easy to produce by a single microlens structure and enhances the visual sophistication of the display product.

[0081] Figure 16 As shown Figure 2 Another AA-direction cross-sectional view, in an optional embodiment of this disclosure, please refer to Figure 16 , Figure 3 and Figure 10 The cross-section of the second dimming section 512 is at least one of an acute-angled triangle, a trapezoid, and an arc-shaped protrusion structure, wherein the cross-section is perpendicular to the light-emitting surface of the display panel and perpendicular to the extension direction of the second dimming section 512.

[0082] Because of its clearly defined and single-angled sidewalls, the triangle provides the most precise direction for light deflection. For stray light at specific angles, the triangular structure can achieve precise focusing or supplementary lighting effects, significantly improving brightness gain at specific viewing angles (such as 30° or 45°). This shape reduces the flat area at the top, allowing almost all light to be refracted through the slope, resulting in the highest light utilization rate and the most direct improvement in viewing angle deflection. The trapezoid is the most stable shape in photolithography and imprinting processes. The flat area at the top effectively alleviates stress concentration in organic materials during curing, preventing the top of the structure from collapsing or deforming, and ensuring morphological consistency in mass production.

[0083] The trapezoidal structure allows some light to pass vertically through the top, while the rest is refracted from the sidewalls. This "combined light emission" pattern smooths out brightness changes during viewing angle transitions, avoiding visual abrupt shifts caused by excessive refraction. The trapezoidal top provides a better support base for subsequent application of low-refractive-index layers (planar layers) or color filter layers, contributing to uniform film thickness.

[0084] The curved structure possesses multi-angle refraction characteristics. Because the tangent angle of its surface changes continuously, it can evenly scatter light into multiple viewing directions, rather than concentrating it at a specific angle. The curved structure provides the most uniform and widest viewing angle. It effectively eliminates interference fringes of light beams at specific angles, making the screen's visual effect softer and more natural, making it particularly suitable for display applications that require a wide viewing angle.

[0085] In practical applications, the shape of the second dimming section 512 corresponding to the light-emitting device can be flexibly configured according to the actual situation. Different shapes can be set for light-emitting devices of different colors, or the shape of the second dimming section 512 for at least two colors of light-emitting devices can be set to be the same. This disclosure does not impose specific limitations in this regard. This embodiment achieves a flexible match between process stability and optical modulation characteristics by limiting the cross-sectional shape of the second dimming section 512 to an acute triangle, trapezoid, or arc-shaped protrusion. An acute triangle helps to improve the light intensity gain at a specific viewing angle and accurately control color shift; a trapezoidal structure enhances the mechanical stability of the microstructure and mass production consistency; and an arc-shaped protrusion optimizes the breadth of the viewing angle and the softness of the display through multi-angle refraction. The application of multiple cross-sectional shapes ensures that the display panel can obtain the optimal viewing angle brightness distribution and visual effect under different PPI arrangements.

[0086] Considering that the pixel aperture K0 corresponding to the green light-emitting device is usually the smallest, the brightness decay (green decay) is most severe over a wide viewing angle, and the human eye is most sensitive to the brightness of green light, optionally, the cross-section of the dimming section corresponding to the green light-emitting device (third color light-emitting device) is an acute-angled triangle. The acute-angled triangular ring eliminates the flat area at the top, forming a full-slope refractive interface. This maximizes the interception and capture of extremely low-angle light rays emitted from the edge of the pixel definition layer. The acute-angled slope provides a more dramatic refraction angle conversion, strongly compensating for light rays that originally escaped to the sides within the 30°~60° viewing angle range. This effectively reduces the color shift problem caused by the brightness decay of the green light-emitting device over a wide viewing angle, which is beneficial to improving the stability of white balance under all viewing angles.

[0087] Red light has a longer wavelength, and the pixel aperture area of ​​red light-emitting devices is usually centered. Optionally, the cross-section of the second dimming section 512 corresponding to the red light-emitting device (e.g., the second color light-emitting device) is an arc-shaped protrusion structure, such as a slide shape or a quarter cylinder. This structure has a continuously varying tangent slope, which, compared to a triangle, can produce a wider and more dispersed compensation beam, rather than being concentrated at a specific angle. The arc-shaped interface can smooth the brightness transition at large viewing angles and reduce the red-edge phenomenon that may occur when viewed from the side. It achieves a balance between brightness compensation and display uniformity, providing a more natural color transition.

[0088] The pixel aperture area corresponding to the blue light-emitting device is usually the largest, its lifespan is relatively sensitive, and its natural wide viewing angle brightness performance is often strong. Optionally, the cross-section of the second dimming unit 512 corresponding to the blue light-emitting device (such as the first color light-emitting device) is trapezoidal, with a large top plateau area. The direction of light does not change when passing through the plateau area; only the sidewalls play a dimming role. This design deliberately limits the compensation strength of the second dimming unit 512 for blue light. Because the pixel aperture area of ​​the blue light-emitting device is large, if the compensation is too strong, it will cause the screen to appear blue when viewed from the side. This structure of the second dimming unit 512 reduces the light emitted obliquely from the blue light-emitting device to adjacent pixels (such as the adjacent green), significantly reducing optical crosstalk.

[0089] Please refer to Figure 14 and Figure 15 In one optional embodiment of this disclosure, the light-emitting device P includes a first-color light-emitting device P1, a second-color light-emitting device P2, and a third-color light-emitting device P3. The area of ​​the pixel opening K01 corresponding to a single first-color light-emitting device P1 is larger than the area of ​​the pixel opening K02 corresponding to a single second-color light-emitting device P2, and the area of ​​the pixel opening K02 corresponding to a single second-color light-emitting device P2 is larger than the area of ​​the pixel opening K03 corresponding to a single third-color light-emitting device P3. The refractive index of the second dimming section 512 corresponding to the first-color light-emitting device P1 is n11, the refractive index of the second dimming section 512 corresponding to the second-color light-emitting device P2 is n12, and the refractive index of the second dimming section 512 corresponding to the third-color light-emitting device P3 is n13, wherein n11 < n12 < n13.

[0090] The refractive index *n* determines the ability of light to deflect when passing through an interface. According to the law of refraction, at the interface between a high-refractive-index medium and a low-refractive-index medium, the larger the refractive index *n*, the stronger the ability of light to deflect or change direction towards the normal. The third-color light-emitting device P3 (e.g., a green light-emitting device) is set with the highest refractive index *n*13. Because the pixel aperture *K*03 of the green light-emitting device has the smallest area and more lateral escape light, the extremely high refractive index gives the second dimming unit 512 a very strong light-catching ability, significantly deflecting those extremely high-angle light rays, thus effectively compensating for brightness at large viewing angles. For the first-color light-emitting device P1, the lowest refractive index *n*11 is set. The first-color light-emitting device P1 has the largest pixel aperture *K*01, resulting in a large natural luminous flux. The lower refractive index makes the light deflection more gentle, avoiding excessive brightness gain (overcompensation) at large viewing angles. In this embodiment, a lower refractive index is set for the second dimming section 512 corresponding to the light-emitting device with a larger pixel aperture area, and a higher refractive index is set for the second dimming section 512 corresponding to the light-emitting device P with a smaller pixel aperture area. This makes the light intensity ratio of the three colors of the light-emitting device P tend to be consistent at different angles, achieving high-fidelity color display and white balance stability across the entire viewing angle range. Since the refractive indices of the second dimming sections 512 corresponding to the three colors of the light-emitting device P exhibit a gradient of n11 < n12 < n13, the brightness changes between different colors are more coordinated when switching viewing angles. This refined control at the physical material level can effectively eliminate the color banding caused by the rapid decay of a certain color, making the visual experience of the displayed image smoother and more natural.

[0091] Based on n11 < n12 < n13, when α21 < α22 < α23 is set, for the third color light-emitting device P3, which exhibits the most significant brightness attenuation over a wide viewing angle, a second dimming unit 512 with a high angle (steep sidewalls) and high refractive index is employed to achieve extreme supplementary lighting over a wide viewing angle. Conversely, for the third color light-emitting device P3, which exhibits the weakest brightness attenuation over a wide viewing angle, a second dimming unit 512 with a low angle (gentle sidewalls) and low refractive index is employed to achieve controlled deflection of light over a wide viewing angle. Therefore, this embodiment solves the viewing angle light deflection problem from both materials science and geometric optics perspectives, significantly improving the color reproduction and white balance stability of the display panel across the entire viewing angle range.

[0092] Figure 17 The diagram shown is a plan view of a single light-emitting device P and its corresponding first dimming unit 511 and second dimming unit 512 in a display panel provided in this embodiment. Please refer to [the diagram]. Figure 17In one optional embodiment of this disclosure, the second dimming section 512 corresponding to at least one light-emitting device P includes a first sub-section ZB1 and a second sub-section ZB2. Along the direction from the second dimming section 512 to the corresponding first dimming section 511, the second sub-section ZB2 is located between the first sub-section ZB1 and the first dimming section 511.

[0093] Considering that when a second dimming section 512 is provided for the light-emitting device P, the second dimming section 512 may only be able to deflect the light to a specific angular range, this embodiment introduces two rings of second dimming sections 512 for at least part of the light-emitting device P. The first sub-section ZB1, located in the inner ring, is closer to the light-emitting device P and can be used to intercept light at medium to large viewing angles (e.g., 30°~45°). The second sub-section ZB2, located in the outer ring, is farther from the light-emitting device P and can be used to intercept escaping light at extremely wide viewing angles (e.g., above 60°). This stepped lighting method makes the brightness distribution of the display panel more uniform at large viewing angles. It effectively avoids the viewing angle brightness spike phenomenon that may occur with a single-ring structure, making the light intensity change linearly and smoothly with the increase of the viewing angle.

[0094] Extremely low-angle light emitted from the light-emitting device P, if not effectively modulated, is prone to total internal reflection between the encapsulation layer or polarizer, forming stray light. The dual-ring structure acts like two optical fences. In this embodiment, the second sub-unit ZB2 first performs primary deflection, and the first sub-unit ZB1 then performs secondary correction. This effectively reduces random reflections of light in the gaps between pixels, significantly improving the black levels and contrast of the displayed image, and avoiding halo effects at wide viewing angles.

[0095] In practical applications, considering that the third-color light-emitting device has the smallest pixel aperture and the fastest brightness decay over a wide viewing angle, the aforementioned first and second sub-sections can be set for the third-color light-emitting device to maximize its wide viewing angle gain potential. For the first and second-color light-emitting devices, their brightness decay over a wide viewing angle is the slowest, so only one ring of the second dimming section needs to be set.

[0096] Of course, in some other embodiments of this disclosure, a first sub-part ZB1 and a second sub-part ZB2 may be provided for each of the three colors of light-emitting device P. Figure 18 The diagram shown is another planar schematic of the three color light-emitting devices P and their corresponding dimming sections. Please refer to the diagram. Figure 18The light-emitting device P includes a first-color light-emitting device P1, a second-color light-emitting device P2, and a third-color light-emitting device P3. The area of ​​the pixel opening K01 corresponding to a single first-color light-emitting device P1 is larger than the area of ​​the pixel opening K02 corresponding to a single second-color light-emitting device P2, and the area of ​​the pixel opening K02 corresponding to a single second-color light-emitting device P2 is larger than the area of ​​the pixel opening K03 corresponding to a single third-color light-emitting device P3. The refractive index of the first sub-part ZB1 corresponding to the third-color light-emitting device P3 is greater than the refractive index of the second sub-part ZB2; the refractive index of the first sub-part ZB1 corresponding to the second-color light-emitting device P2 is equal to the refractive index of the second sub-part ZB2. The refractive index of the first sub-part ZB1 corresponding to the first-color light-emitting device P1 is less than the refractive index of the second sub-part ZB2, or the refractive index of the first sub-part ZB1 corresponding to the first-color light-emitting device P1 is equal to the refractive index of the second sub-part ZB2.

[0097] For the third-color light-emitting device P3 (e.g., a green light-emitting device) with the fastest brightness decay at large viewing angles, this embodiment sets the refractive index of its corresponding first sub-part ZB1 to be greater than that of the second sub-part ZB2. During the propagation of light from the inside out of the third-color light-emitting device P3, it travels from the second sub-part ZB2 to the first sub-part ZB1, essentially moving from a low-refractive-index material to a high-refractive-index material. Because the light enters a medium with a higher refractive index, its refractive power is enhanced a second time. For the third-color light-emitting device P3 with the fastest brightness decay, this "low-to-high" refractive index gradient can act like a relay race, first intercepting large-angle light from the inner ring, and then forcefully bending it towards the positive viewing angle from the outer ring with greater refractive force. This design effectively draws extremely weak light beyond 60° back into the effective observation area, effectively solving the problems of viewing angle distortion and dimming at large viewing angles caused by an excessively small aperture area.

[0098] For the second color light-emitting device P2 (e.g., a red light-emitting device), the pixel aperture K02 is centered, and the refractive index of its corresponding first sub-part ZB1 and second sub-part ZB2 is set to be the same. The double-ring equal refractive index design provides smooth and continuous viewing angle compensation, ensuring that the brightness attenuation process with increasing angle is linear, thus maintaining the display stability of the second color light-emitting device. When the first sub-part ZB1 and second sub-part ZB2 of the second color light-emitting device P2 are designed with equal refractive indices, the first sub-part ZB1 and second sub-part ZB2 can be made using the same material and the same mask process, without introducing excessive process complexity, thus balancing luminous efficiency and mass production consistency.

[0099] For the first color light-emitting device P1 (e.g., a blue light-emitting device), the pixel aperture K01 has the largest area. In this case, if the refractive index of the first sub-part ZB1 is set to be less than or equal to the refractive index of the second sub-part ZB2, the light emitted from the first color light-emitting device P1, when emitted from the inside out, will experience a refraction gradient from the high-refractive-index second sub-part ZB2 to the low-refractive-index first sub-part ZB1, or the refractive index gradient will remain unchanged. This weakens the ability of the outer ring first sub-part ZB1 to further deflect the light. Since the first color light-emitting device P1 with a large pixel aperture K01 has sufficient spectral luminous flux, if the outer ring refractive index is too high, it will lead to excessive lateral blue light. Reducing the refractive index of the outer ring first sub-part ZB1 can suppress excessive refraction of blue light.

[0100] Therefore, this embodiment achieves multi-level relay modulation of light at the microscale by introducing a refractive index gradient design based on the pixel aperture K0 area in the dual-ring second dimming unit 512. For the third color light-emitting device P3 with the smallest aperture area, the ability to capture and centripetally refract light over an extremely wide viewing angle is enhanced by utilizing a refractive index gradient that is lower inside and higher outside. For the first color light-emitting device P1 with the largest aperture area, ineffective large-viewing-angle refractive gain is suppressed by using a refractive index gradient that is higher inside and lower outside or an equal refractive index design. This scheme asymmetrically matches the viewing angle distribution of the three light-emitting devices from the perspective of material properties, fundamentally eliminating the color shift phenomenon under ultra-wide viewing angles, which is beneficial to achieving constant white balance across the entire viewing angle range.

[0101] Please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 18 In one optional embodiment of this disclosure, the light-emitting device P includes a first color light-emitting device P1 and a second color light-emitting device P2. The area of ​​the pixel opening K01 corresponding to a single first color light-emitting device P1 is larger than the area of ​​the pixel opening K02 corresponding to a single second color light-emitting device P2. The thermo-optical coefficient of the second dimming section 512 corresponding to the first color light-emitting device P1 is smaller than the thermo-optical coefficient of the second dimming section 512 corresponding to the second color light-emitting device P2.

[0102] The luminous efficiency of OLED materials is significantly affected by temperature (generally, efficiency decreases as temperature increases), and different color materials have different temperature sensitivities. Furthermore, display panels generate heat during prolonged operation or high-brightness display. The thermo-optic coefficient reflects how the material's refractive index changes with temperature.

[0103] For the second-color light-emitting device P2 with a smaller pixel aperture area, a higher thermo-optical coefficient is assigned. As the panel temperature rises, the refractive index of the second dimming unit 512 changes more significantly, dynamically adjusting its ability to refract light at large angles. This "thermal compensation" mechanism can offset the efficiency degradation of the light-emitting material caused by temperature increases, ensuring that its brightness ratio remains stable at different temperatures under wide viewing angles. For the first-color light-emitting device P1 with a larger pixel aperture area, a lower thermo-optical coefficient is assigned. Large pixels typically have relatively low operating current densities and better thermal stability; a low thermo-optical coefficient ensures that its optical modulation logic does not fluctuate drastically with ambient temperature, maintaining a constant basic brightness. The second dimming unit 512 corresponding to the smaller-sized light-emitting device has a high thermo-optical coefficient, enabling it to automatically fine-tune the light field path according to local heat distribution. This adaptive optical adjustment can alleviate visual unevenness caused by local temperature rises, making the color performance of the image more delicate and stable. Small-sized light-emitting devices often require higher driving current densities to compensate for insufficient aperture, resulting in more concentrated heat generation and the greatest challenge in terms of lifespan. By precisely controlling the thermo-optic coefficient, the light emission path can be optimized at high temperatures, improving light extraction efficiency and allowing for a reduction in drive current while achieving the same brightness. This strategy of trading optical design for lifespan indirectly improves the durability of small-sized light-emitting devices.

[0104] In practical applications, the thermo-optic coefficient of organic light-sensing materials can be precisely adjusted by doping them with different nanoparticles (such as inorganic oxides) or by adjusting the crosslinking density of polymer chains. This approach does not require altering complex physical morphologies (such as height and angles), but rather utilizes the material's inherent physical properties for adaptive adjustment, reducing the difficulty of precision machining and improving the system's robustness.

[0105] Please continue to refer to this. Figure 2 and Figure 18Optionally, the light-emitting device further includes a third-color light-emitting device P3, wherein the area of ​​the pixel opening K03 corresponding to a single third-color light-emitting device P3 is smaller than the area of ​​the pixel opening K02 corresponding to a single second-color light-emitting device P2; the thermo-optical coefficient of the second dimming section 512 corresponding to the third-color light-emitting device P3 is greater than the thermo-optical coefficient of the second dimming section 512 corresponding to the second-color light-emitting device P2. Thus, for the three light-emitting devices with different emitting colors, the second dimming section 512 corresponding to the light-emitting device with a larger pixel opening area has a smaller thermo-optical coefficient, while the second dimming section 512 corresponding to the light-emitting device with a smaller pixel opening area has a larger thermo-optical coefficient. By differentially adjusting the thermo-optical coefficients of the second dimming sections 512 corresponding to the different color light-emitting devices, the second dimming sections 512 corresponding to the three color light-emitting devices can synchronously respond to temperature changes. Pixels with smaller pixel opening areas gain additional "thermal gain" in the wide viewing angle direction through higher sensitivity thermo-optical response, thereby compensating for the thermal drift of color coordinates at wide viewing angles. This allows the display to maintain a high degree of consistency in white balance at side viewing angles, whether in cold outdoor conditions or under high-heat operating conditions.

[0106] Therefore, this embodiment introduces a temperature-feedback-based optical self-compensation mechanism by setting differentiated thermo-optical coefficients for light-emitting devices P with different aperture areas. For light-emitting devices with smaller aperture areas, a higher thermo-optical coefficient is used to dynamically enhance the modulation intensity of light across wide viewing angles under operating temperature rise conditions, compensating for the efficiency loss of the light-emitting material caused by temperature fluctuations. This design achieves viewing angle brightness balance of the display panel across the entire temperature range, significantly suppresses thermally induced white balance drift, and optimizes the power consumption and lifespan of small-area pixels while improving white balance stability across all viewing angles.

[0107] Figure 19 The diagram shows another planar schematic of the first dimming unit 511, the second dimming unit 512, and the corresponding light-emitting device P. In an optional embodiment of this disclosure, the orthographic projection of the second dimming unit 512 onto the substrate 00 surrounds the light-emitting device P. The second dimming unit 512 includes a plurality of unconnected second sub-dimming units B01. The orthographic projection of the light-emitting device P onto the substrate includes a plurality of edges pointing along the direction of the second dimming unit 512 toward the corresponding light-emitting device P. At least one edge of the light-emitting device P is adjacent to at least two second sub-dimming units B01.

[0108] For long edges (such as large-area first-color light-emitting devices), if a continuous strip of second dimming section 512 is used, the refraction of light along the entire edge is highly uniform, easily forming a distinct bright line at a specific viewing angle. By splitting the second dimming section 512 into multiple unconnected second sub-dimming sections B01, optical cutoff is artificially introduced. The ends of the multiple discrete second sub-dimming sections B01 generate additional scattering and diffraction effects. These edge effects act as light fragmentation for light at wide viewing angles, breaking up concentrated light intensity so that the light no longer deflects only in the normal direction, but compensates for the brightness vacuum at wide viewing angles with a wider range of angles. It also makes the spatial distribution of emitted light more chaotic and uniform, thereby eliminating visual bright spots or ripples and improving the display's detail.

[0109] Optionally, the first dimming unit 511 and the second dimming unit 512 are made of OC material (organic resin), which undergoes volume shrinkage during the curing process after photolithography. Due to their long dimensions, continuous strip structures experience continuous stress accumulation, easily leading to slope angle deformation, top collapse, or even peeling from the substrate. The unconnected sub-unit design effectively creates a stress buffer. Each tiny second sub-dimming unit B01 can shrink independently, transforming large global stresses into small local stresses. This greatly ensures the matching of the angle and height of the second dimming unit 512, especially within the compact space of ultra-high pixel density, where the yield advantage is even more pronounced.

[0110] In addition, please refer to the following: Figure 3 After the first dimming section 511 and the second dimming section 512 are fabricated, a second dimming layer 52 with a low refractive index needs to be set. During the formation of the second dimming layer 52 using liquid material, if the second dimming section 512 has a continuous wall structure, the continuous walls may hinder the flow of the liquid material and easily generate air bubbles. If the second dimming section 512 includes unconnected second sub-dimming sections B01, microchannels are formed between the unconnected second sub-dimming sections B01, which facilitates the smooth filling of organic adhesive into each gap, thereby ensuring the flatness of the subsequent second dimming layer 52 and reducing optical interference caused by uneven thickness.

[0111] This embodiment achieves micro-level modulation of the large-angle light field by designing the second dimming unit 512 as multiple unconnected discrete sub-units distributed around the light-emitting device P, and by arranging at least two sub-units on a single edge of the light-emitting device. This design eliminates brightness abrupt changes at the edges of large-size pixels through optical discretization, improving the visual uniformity of the displayed image. Furthermore, the gaps between the second dimming sub-units B01 form process channels, optimizing the filling quality of subsequent film layers and improving the overall reliability of the device and its omnidirectional display performance.

[0112] Figure 20 The diagram shown is another planar schematic of the three color light-emitting devices P and their corresponding dimming sections. Please refer to the diagram. Figure 20 In one optional embodiment of this disclosure, the light-emitting device includes a first color light-emitting device P1 and a second color light-emitting device P2. The area of ​​the pixel opening K01 corresponding to a single first color light-emitting device P1 is larger than the area of ​​the pixel opening K02 corresponding to a single second color light-emitting device P2. The second dimming section 512 corresponding to the first color light-emitting device P1 and the second color light-emitting device P2 both include a second sub-dimming section B01. Furthermore, the arrangement density of the second sub-dimming section B01 corresponding to the first color light-emitting device P1 is smaller than the arrangement density of the second sub-dimming section B01 corresponding to the second color light-emitting device P2.

[0113] The arrangement density of the second sub-dimming section B01 determines the total number of refractive interfaces per unit length (or unit area). A high arrangement density results in more refractive surfaces intercepting and deflecting large-angle light. A low arrangement density reduces the number of intercepting interfaces, allowing more light to maintain its original path or scatter naturally. Typically, the second-color light-emitting device P2 experiences significant natural lateral light loss, leading to rapid brightness decay over wide viewing angles. By increasing the arrangement density of its corresponding second sub-dimming section B01, the ability to capture large-viewing-angle light of that color can be significantly improved, thereby enhancing its viewing angle brightness curve.

[0114] In this embodiment, a small-sized light-emitting device is paired with a second sub-dimming section B01 with a higher arrangement density, which can improve the brightness of the small-sized light-emitting device over a wide viewing angle. Conversely, a large-sized light-emitting device is paired with a second sub-dimming section B01 with a lower arrangement density, which can balance the brightness of different colored light-emitting devices over a wide viewing angle, keeping the light intensity contribution ratio of different colored light-emitting devices constant, thereby helping to maintain white balance consistency across the entire viewing angle.

[0115] Large-sized light-emitting devices inherently have high luminous intensity. If the corresponding second dimming units 512 are arranged too densely, visual bright bars can easily appear due to excessive light concentration. Adopting a low-density arrangement of the second dimming units 512 corresponding to the first-color light-emitting device allows for a more sparse and smooth spatial distribution of light, reducing diffraction or interference patterns caused by periodic structures, thereby improving the image's detail and uniformity. Furthermore, by limiting the density of the second dimming units 512 corresponding to large-sized light-emitting devices, the probability of large-angle light being excessively deflected and entering the openings of adjacent pixels can be reduced. This on-demand arrangement strategy improves the color purity between sub-pixels while maintaining the viewing angle characteristics of the pixel itself, with particularly significant effects in low-brightness display scenarios.

[0116] Therefore, this embodiment achieves precise spatial dimension compensation of viewing angle brightness by configuring differentiated second sub-dimming units B01 with different aperture areas for light-emitting devices. For light-emitting devices with smaller aperture areas, the higher arrangement density enhances the capture and refraction efficiency of their lateral escape light, effectively increasing the brightness over a wide viewing angle; for light-emitting devices with larger aperture areas, the lower arrangement density optimizes light emission uniformity and reduces optical crosstalk, effectively improving color consistency across the entire viewing angle.

[0117] Please refer to Figure 20 , Figure 21 and Figure 22 In one optional embodiment of this disclosure, the light-emitting device P further includes a third-color light-emitting device P3, wherein the area of ​​the pixel opening K03 corresponding to a single third-color light-emitting device P3 is smaller than the area of ​​the pixel opening K02 corresponding to a single second-color light-emitting device P2. Please refer to... Figure 20 The second dimming section 512 corresponding to the third color light-emitting device P3 includes a second sub-dimming section B01, and the arrangement density of the second sub-dimming section B01 corresponding to the third color light-emitting device P3 is greater than the arrangement density of the second sub-dimming section B01 corresponding to the second color light-emitting device P2; or, please refer to Figure 21 or Figure 22 The second dimming section 512 corresponding to the third color light-emitting device P3 includes a plurality of first sub-dimming sections ZT1. The first sub-dimming sections ZT1 are correspondingly disposed and adjacent to the edge of the orthogonal projection of the light-emitting device P onto the substrate 00. Along the direction from the first sub-dimming section ZT1 to the corresponding light-emitting device P, the first sub-dimming section ZT1 covers the edge of the light-emitting device P adjacent to the first sub-dimming section ZT1. Figure 21 and Figure 22 Another planar schematic diagram showing the three colors of light-emitting device P and the corresponding dimming part.

[0118] When the display panel includes a third color light-emitting device P3 with a small pixel aperture area, and the second dimming unit 512 corresponding to the first color light-emitting device P1 and the second color light-emitting device P2 both include multiple unconnected second sub-dimming units B01, the third color light-emitting device P3 can also correspond to multiple unconnected second sub-dimming units B01. For example, please refer to... Figure 20At this point, the second sub-dimming section B01 corresponding to the third color light-emitting device P3 has the highest arrangement density, the second sub-dimming section B01 corresponding to the second color light-emitting device P2 has a medium arrangement density, and the second sub-dimming section B01 corresponding to the first color light-emitting device P1 has the lowest arrangement density. The arrangement density of the second sub-dimming section B01 determines the total effective refractive area of ​​the optical interface per unit length. The light-emitting device with the smallest aperture area suffers the most severe energy loss at wide viewing angles. By arranging the sub-sections with the highest density, it is equivalent to constructing the densest "capture net" for that color light, resulting in an exponential increase in brightness at wide viewing angles. Combined with the previous design of setting the highest refractive index n13 and α23 (wide angle) for the third color light-emitting device P3, this "ultra-high density" further ensures that the viewing angle attenuation curve of the smallest pixel can be raised to a height almost consistent with that of the pixels of the large-size light-emitting device, completely eliminating the color shift phenomenon at extremely wide viewing angles. Moreover, the extremely high density of discrete sub-parts can produce finer diffraction and scattering effects, making the light emitted by small pixels extremely uniform in spatial distribution and eliminating graininess.

[0119] In some other embodiments of this disclosure, where the second dimming section 512 corresponding to the first color light-emitting device P1 and the second color light-emitting device P2 both include multiple unconnected second sub-dimming sections B01, the second sub-dimming section B01 corresponding to the third color light-emitting device P3 may further include an elongated first sub-dimming section ZT1, for example, please refer to Figure 21 or Figure 22 The first sub-dimming unit ZT1 covers the edge of the light-emitting device P and its adjacent edges in the orthographic projection direction. The vast majority of large-angle light rays emerge from the edges of the pixel apertures. By having the dimming unit cover the edges, it ensures that all large-angle light rays emanating from the edges enter the refraction ramp of the dimming unit the instant they are emitted, eliminating any escape space. This design eliminates the "optical dead zone" between the edge of the light-emitting area and the dimming unit. For the third-color light-emitting device, which has the weakest luminous capability and the smallest aperture, this design maximizes the value of every ray of lateral light, guiding it towards the effective viewing angle. Because the dimming unit is close to and covers the light-emitting edge, it acts like a wall, blocking light from entering adjacent pixels laterally, thus improving brightness while maintaining color purity at ultra-high pixel density.

[0120] This implementation provides two collaborative paths—density enhancement and spatial coverage—for the third-color light-emitting device P3, which has the smallest pixel aperture area. By setting the highest sub-unit arrangement density, the modulation frequency of weak lateral light per unit space is increased; and by covering the light-emitting edge with the first sub-tuning unit ZT1, zero-distance full capture of emitted light is achieved. This scheme greatly taps into the gain potential of small-area pixels at wide viewing angles, ensuring that different color light-emitting devices maintain perfect color coordinate balance and brightness consistency even at extreme viewing angles.

[0121] In one alternative embodiment of this disclosure, such as Figure 23 As shown, the areas of the sub-dimming sections (e.g., the second sub-dimming section B01) corresponding to different light-emitting devices P are the same; or, as shown in the figure... Figure 24 As shown, the area of ​​the sub-dimming section corresponding to the third color light-emitting device P3 (e.g., the first sub-dimming section ZT1 or the second sub-dimming section B01) is larger than the area of ​​the sub-dimming section corresponding to the second color light-emitting device P2, and the area of ​​the sub-dimming section corresponding to the second color light-emitting device P2 is larger than the area of ​​the sub-dimming section corresponding to the first color light-emitting device P1 (e.g., the second sub-dimming section B01). Figure 23 and Figure 24 The following are two different planar schematic diagrams of the light-emitting devices P of three different colors and their corresponding dimming parts.

[0122] The area of ​​the sub-tuning section can be considered as its projected area on the substrate 00. When the areas of the sub-tuning sections are the same, their shapes can also be set to be the same. In semiconductor photolithography or imprinting processes, the same pattern size means that the thermal shrinkage and surface tension of the material are highly consistent during development and curing. Please refer to... Figure 23 When three different colored light-emitting devices use a unified second sub-dimming unit B01 size, the optical simulation of the display panel during the overall design phase is simplified, reducing computational complexity and design redundancy caused by excessive structural dimensions. In situations with very high pixel density and extremely compact space, a unified size helps maximize the use of non-light-emitting areas, avoiding overly crowded local structures due to size differences.

[0123] Please refer to Figure 24 The third-color light-emitting device P3 suffers the most severe light loss at wide viewing angles. Therefore, it is equipped with a second sub-dimming section B01, which has the largest single-unit area. By increasing the area of ​​its corresponding sub-dimming section, the cross-section of the effective refractive interface is effectively increased. This increases the probability that side light emitted from the small pixel opening will strike the second dimming section 512 and be refracted to the effective viewing angle, thus helping to flatten its viewing angle attenuation curve. For the first-color light-emitting device P1, which experiences less light attenuation at wide viewing angles, a second sub-dimming section B01 with a smaller single-unit area is configured. The second sub-dimming section B01 provides moderate compensation, preventing its strong light from becoming too bright due to excessive refraction at wide viewing angles or causing crosstalk to neighboring pixels.

[0124] This embodiment achieves a dynamic balance between process complexity and optical compensation performance by selectively limiting the projected area of ​​the sub-tuning section. Scheme 1 ensures consistent microstructure morphology and mass production reliability by unifying the sub-tuning section area. Scheme 2, by assigning a larger area to a smaller aperture pixel, physically increases the interception area for lateral light from weaker pixels, thereby specifically enhancing the light extraction efficiency of small-area pixels at wide viewing angles. This design effectively offsets the differences in viewing angle attenuation rates between different color sub-pixels, fundamentally optimizing the color reproduction of the display panel at wide viewing angles.

[0125] Figure 25 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of another film layer of the display panel provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Please refer to [the diagram]. Figure 25 In one optional embodiment of this disclosure, the display panel further includes a filter 90 disposed on the light-emitting side of the light-emitting device P. The filter 90 is located on the side of the first dimming layer 51 away from the light-emitting device P and is disposed corresponding to the light-emitting device P. The second dimming layer 52 reuses the filter 90.

[0126] In traditional architectures, the second dimming layer and the filter are typically two independent film layers. Light emitted from the first dimming layer first enters the second dimming layer and then the filter. However, in this embodiment, the filter 90 is directly reused as the second dimming layer 52. Since the first dimming layer 51 (first dimming part 511 / second dimming part 512) is in direct contact with the filter 90 (which also functions as a low-refractive index filter), the refractive index difference between them is directly used for total internal reflection. The filter 90 is directly attached to the first dimming part 511 and the second dimming part 512, reducing the propagation distance of light before reaching the color filtering interface, thereby reducing the lateral diffusion of light in the low-refractive index medium and making the emitted light more focused.

[0127] Color filter materials have high transmittance for specific wavelengths of light and high absorption for other wavelengths. When the filter section 90 is reused as a low-refractive-index layer and filled between the first dimming section 511 and the second dimming section 512, it acts as a refractive medium. Stray light incident obliquely into adjacent pixel areas is directly absorbed by the filter section 90 in that area. This reuse design ensures that only correctly deflected and wavelength-matched light can be emitted, greatly improving contrast and color saturation at wide viewing angles. The reuse design eliminates the need to introduce an organic planarization layer between the first dimming layer 51 and the filter section 90, reducing the light absorption of one organic film layer (organic materials typically have weak absorption in the blue light band), thereby improving the light extraction efficiency of the panel under the same driving current.

[0128] In this disclosure, the first dimming section 511 and the second dimming section 512 are relatively rigid microstructures. If they are covered with multiple thick films, stress concentration is likely to occur at the interface during bending. By reusing one film layer, the total thickness of the display module is reduced. During flexible folding, the filter section 90 (which also serves as the second dimming layer 52) can better cover the first dimming section 511 and the second dimming section 512, dispersing bending stress and effectively preventing delamination or cracking of the microlens structure after repeated folding.

[0129] Furthermore, by reusing the filter section 90 as the second dimming layer 52, it is no longer necessary to separately coat and cure a layer of low-refractive-index planarizing adhesive. The array of color filters can be fabricated directly on the first dimming layer 51, reducing equipment usage and material waste on the production line.

[0130] Therefore, this embodiment constructs a compact integrated optical modulation architecture by functionally reusing the second dimming layer 52 (low refractive index layer) located above the first dimming layer 51 with the filter unit 90. This design directly utilizes the refractive index difference between the filter material and the first dimming unit 511 and the second dimming unit 512, simplifying the optical interface while enhancing the control of total internal reflection of light at large angles. In addition, the reusing of the filter unit 90 effectively shortens the spatial distance between wavelength filtering and viewing angle deflection, not only physically suppressing oblique light mixing between sub-pixels and significantly improving color purity and contrast at large viewing angles, but also improving the flexible bending reliability of the panel through film thinning and optimizing the overall manufacturing process efficiency.

[0131] Figure 26 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of another film layer of the display panel provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Please refer to [the diagram]. Figure 26 In one optional embodiment of this disclosure, the display panel further includes a filter portion 90 and an optical adhesive layer 91 disposed on the light-emitting side of the light-emitting device P. The filter portion 90 is located on the side of the first dimming layer 51 facing the light-emitting device P and is disposed corresponding to the light-emitting device P. The optical adhesive layer 91 is located on the side of the first dimming layer 51 away from the light-emitting device P. The second dimming layer 52 reuses the optical adhesive layer 91.

[0132] In traditional architectures, light is first deflected by microlenses before passing through a filter. Because the filter material contains pigment particles, it produces weak scattering, potentially disrupting the precise angle preset by the microlenses. In this design, light is first filtered by the filter 90. At this point, the second dimming layer 52 (using the multiplexed optical adhesive layer 91) acts as a low-refractive-index medium, directly covering the first dimming layer 51 (high-refractive-index layer). This design ensures that the object being dimmed is a "color-pure" beam of light, avoiding secondary interference from the filter 90 on the dimming effect, resulting in more precise and stable viewing angle gain.

[0133] The optical adhesive layer 91 (typically OCA / OCR) is an essential layer for encapsulating or bonding the cover plate to the display panel. Reusing the optical adhesive layer 91 directly as the second dimming layer 52 (low-refractive layer) eliminates the need for a dedicated low-refractive-index planarization layer. Optical adhesives typically have a low modulus (good flexibility). When directly filled between the first dimming portion 511 and the second dimming portion 512 structure of the first dimming layer 51, it effectively encapsulates the microstructure, acting as a buffer layer to absorb stress generated by external extrusion or bending, preventing the relatively rigid first dimming layer 51 structure from breaking during large-angle bending.

[0134] Since the optical adhesive layer 91 is reused as the second dimming layer 52 and is positioned away from the light-emitting device P, it forms perfect total internal reflection conditions at the sloping interface of the first dimming layer 51. This helps to concentrate light that would otherwise be lost laterally towards the center of the light-emitting surface or a predetermined viewing angle area through interface reflection, thereby improving the overall light emission efficiency of the screen. The filter unit 90 is located below the first dimming layer 51. Before the light reaches the dimming structure (first dimming unit 511 / second dimming unit 512), stray light that does not belong to the color of that pixel has already been absorbed by the lower filter unit 90. The first dimming layer 51 processes extremely high-purity light signals. After refraction modulation by the optical adhesive layer 91 (second dimming layer 52), there is almost no color crosstalk between adjacent pixels when viewed at a wide viewing angle, so that the color saturation and dynamic range of the image remain excellent at a wide viewing angle.

[0135] By reusing the optical adhesive layer 91 on the second dimming layer 52, one coating and curing process is reduced. When the optical adhesive is bonded as a liquid or semi-solid material, it can automatically fill the gaps between the complex morphologies of the first dimming layer 51, avoiding the formation of bubbles or voids, thereby improving the consistency and long-term stability of optical performance.

[0136] Therefore, this embodiment constructs a highly integrated architecture based on post-filtering dimming by reusing the optical adhesive layer 91 as the second dimming layer 52 and placing it on the side of the first dimming layer 51 opposite to the light-emitting device P. This design utilizes the refractive index difference between the optical adhesive layer 91 and the first dimming layer 51 to form efficient total internal reflection control at the microstructure interface, significantly improving light extraction efficiency. Simultaneously, the reuse of the optical adhesive layer 91 not only simplifies the film structure of the display panel and achieves device thinning, but also utilizes its mechanical buffering properties to improve the reliability of the micro-dimming structure under bending conditions. Furthermore, placing the dimming process after the filtering process effectively avoids interference from the filter material on the beam deflection characteristics, ensuring excellent color purity and contrast at wide viewing angles.

[0137] Based on the same inventive concept, this disclosure also provides a display device. Figure 27 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of a display device 200 provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. Please refer to it. Figure 27 The display device 200 includes at least one display panel 100 as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0138] The display device 200 provided in this embodiment can be any electronic device with display function, such as a touch screen, mobile phone, tablet computer, laptop computer, e-reader, or television. The display device 200 provided in this embodiment has the beneficial effects of the display panel provided in this embodiment; for details, please refer to the specific descriptions of the display panel in the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0139] Understandable, Figure 27 The rectangular structure is used as an example to illustrate one shape of the display device 200. In some other embodiments of this disclosure, the display device 200 may also be circular, elliptical, fan-shaped or any other feasible shape, and this disclosure does not specifically limit it.

[0140] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0141] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this disclosure, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement it. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this disclosure. Therefore, this disclosure is not to be limited to the embodiments described herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A display panel, characterized in that, include: The display panel includes a substrate, a light-emitting device layer disposed on one side of the substrate, a first dimming layer and a second dimming layer disposed on the side of the light-emitting device layer away from the substrate, wherein the first dimming layer is located between the second dimming layer and the light-emitting device layer along the thickness direction of the display panel, and the light-emitting device layer includes a plurality of light-emitting devices. The first dimming layer includes a plurality of dimming units, which are correspondingly disposed with respect to the light-emitting device; each dimming unit includes a first dimming part and a second dimming part disposed around the first dimming part, with a gap between the sidewalls of the first dimming part and the second dimming part; along the thickness direction of the display panel, the first dimming part covers the light-emitting device, and the second dimming part does not overlap with the light-emitting device; the refractive indices of both the first dimming part and the second dimming part are greater than the refractive index of the second dimming layer.

2. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first dimming unit and the second dimming unit have the same refractive index, or the refractive index of the first dimming unit is less than the refractive index of the second dimming unit.

3. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first dimming section includes a first bottom facing the light-emitting device, and the second dimming section includes a second bottom facing the light-emitting device; along a direction parallel to the light-emitting surface of the display panel, the spacing width between the first bottom and the second bottom is S0, where 0μm≤S0≤2μm.

4. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first dimming unit includes a first bottom and a first sidewall connected to each other, the first sidewall being located on the side of the first bottom away from the light-emitting device layer; the second dimming unit includes a second bottom and a second sidewall connected to each other, the second sidewall being located on the side of the second bottom away from the light-emitting device layer; The angle between the first bottom and the first sidewall is α1, and the angle between the second bottom and the second sidewall is α2, wherein α1 < α2 ≤ 90°.

5. The display panel according to claim 4, characterized in that, α2-α1≥10°。 6. The display panel according to claim 4, characterized in that, The light-emitting device layer includes a plurality of pixel openings, and the light-emitting device is at least partially located in the pixel openings; Along the thickness direction of the display panel, the edge of the orthogonal projection of the first dimming part onto the substrate is located outside the pixel opening.

7. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The maximum height of the first dimming unit is H1, and the maximum height of the second dimming unit is H2, wherein H1 ≥ H2.

8. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The maximum height of the second dimming unit is H2, and the maximum width of the second dimming unit is R2, wherein H2 ≥ R2.

9. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second dimming unit's orthographic projection onto the substrate surrounds the light-emitting device; The second dimming unit includes a plurality of first sub-dimming units, each of which is disposed corresponding to the edge of the light-emitting device projected onto the substrate; along the extending direction of the edge of the light-emitting device, the first sub-dimming units are at least partially in a continuous strip structure.

10. The display panel according to claim 9, characterized in that, The light-emitting device includes a first color light-emitting device and a second color light-emitting device, wherein the area of ​​the pixel opening corresponding to a single first color light-emitting device is larger than the area of ​​the pixel opening corresponding to a single second color light-emitting device. The maximum width of the second dimming section corresponding to the first color light-emitting device is smaller than the maximum width of the second dimming section corresponding to the second color light-emitting device.

11. The display panel according to claim 10, characterized in that, The orthographic projection of the second dimming unit onto the substrate includes an inner edge and an outer edge away from the inner edge. The distance between the first color light-emitting device and the inner edge of the corresponding second dimming unit is greater than the distance between the second color light-emitting device and the inner edge of the corresponding second dimming unit.

12. The display panel according to claim 10, characterized in that, The maximum height of the second dimming section corresponding to the first color light-emitting device is less than the maximum height of the second dimming section corresponding to the second color light-emitting device.

13. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light-emitting device includes a first color light-emitting device and a second color light-emitting device, wherein the area of ​​the pixel opening corresponding to a single first color light-emitting device is larger than the area of ​​the pixel opening corresponding to a single second color light-emitting device. The second dimming part includes a second bottom and a second sidewall connected to each other. The second sidewall is located on the side of the second bottom away from the light-emitting device. In the second dimming part corresponding to the first color light-emitting device, the included angle between the second bottom and the second sidewall is α21. In the second dimming section corresponding to the second color light-emitting device, the included angle between the second bottom and the second sidewall is α22, where α21 < α22.

14. The display panel according to claim 13, characterized in that, The light-emitting device further includes a third color light-emitting device, and the area of ​​the pixel opening corresponding to a single third color light-emitting device is smaller than the area of ​​the pixel opening corresponding to a single second color light-emitting device. In the second dimming section corresponding to the third color light-emitting device, the included angle between the second bottom and the second sidewall is α23, where α23 > α22.

15. The display panel according to claim 14, characterized in that, The cross-section of the second dimming part is at least one of an acute-angled triangle, a trapezoid, and an arc-shaped protrusion structure, wherein the cross-section is perpendicular to the light-emitting surface of the display panel and perpendicular to the extending direction of the second dimming part.

16. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light-emitting device includes a first color light-emitting device, a second color light-emitting device, and a third color light-emitting device. The area of ​​the pixel opening corresponding to a single first color light-emitting device is larger than the area of ​​the pixel opening corresponding to a single second color light-emitting device, and the area of ​​the pixel opening corresponding to a single second color light-emitting device is larger than the area of ​​the pixel opening corresponding to a single third color light-emitting device. The refractive index of the second dimming section corresponding to the first color light-emitting device is n11, the refractive index of the second dimming section corresponding to the second color light-emitting device is n12, and the refractive index of the second dimming section corresponding to the third color light-emitting device is n13, wherein n11 < n12 < n13.

17. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second dimming section corresponding to at least one of the light-emitting devices includes a first sub-section and a second sub-section. The second sub-section is located between the first sub-section and the first dimming section in a direction pointing from the second dimming section to the corresponding first dimming section.

18. The display panel according to claim 17, characterized in that, The light-emitting device includes a first color light-emitting device, a second color light-emitting device, and a third color light-emitting device, wherein the area of ​​the pixel opening corresponding to a single first color light-emitting device is larger than the area of ​​the pixel opening corresponding to a single second color light-emitting device, and the area of ​​the pixel opening corresponding to a single second color light-emitting device is larger than the area of ​​the pixel opening corresponding to a single third color light-emitting device. The refractive index of the first sub-part corresponding to the third color light-emitting device is greater than the refractive index of the second sub-part; the refractive index of the first sub-part corresponding to the second color light-emitting device is equal to the refractive index of the second sub-part. The refractive index of the first sub-part corresponding to the first color light-emitting device is less than the refractive index of the second sub-part, or the refractive index of the first sub-part corresponding to the first color light-emitting device is equal to the refractive index of the second sub-part.

19. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light-emitting device includes a first color light-emitting device and a second color light-emitting device, wherein the area of ​​the pixel opening corresponding to a single first color light-emitting device is larger than the area of ​​the pixel opening corresponding to a single second color light-emitting device. The thermo-optic coefficient of the second dimming section corresponding to the first color light-emitting device is less than the thermo-optic coefficient of the second dimming section corresponding to the second color light-emitting device.

20. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second dimming unit's orthographic projection onto the substrate surrounds the light-emitting device; The second dimming section includes a plurality of unconnected second sub-dimming sections. The orthographic projection of the light-emitting device onto the substrate includes a plurality of edges along the direction from the second dimming section to the corresponding light-emitting device. At least one edge of the light-emitting device is adjacent to at least two of the second sub-dimming sections.

21. The display panel according to claim 20, characterized in that, The light-emitting device includes a first color light-emitting device and a second color light-emitting device, wherein the area of ​​the pixel opening corresponding to a single first color light-emitting device is larger than the area of ​​the pixel opening corresponding to a single second color light-emitting device. The second dimming section corresponding to both the first color light-emitting device and the second color light-emitting device includes a second sub-dimming section, and the arrangement density of the second sub-dimming section corresponding to the first color light-emitting device is less than the arrangement density of the second sub-dimming section corresponding to the second color light-emitting device.

22. The display panel according to claim 21, characterized in that, The light-emitting device further includes a third color light-emitting device, and the area of ​​the pixel opening corresponding to a single third color light-emitting device is smaller than the area of ​​the pixel opening corresponding to a single second color light-emitting device. The second dimming section corresponding to the third color light-emitting device includes a second sub-dimming section, and the arrangement density of the second sub-dimming section corresponding to the third color light-emitting device is greater than the arrangement density of the second sub-dimming section corresponding to the second color light-emitting device; or... The second dimming section corresponding to the third color light-emitting device includes a plurality of first sub-dimming sections. The first sub-dimming sections are disposed corresponding to and adjacent to the edge of the orthogonal projection of the light-emitting device on the substrate. Along the direction from the first sub-dimming section to the corresponding light-emitting device, the first sub-dimming section covers the edge of the light-emitting device adjacent to the first sub-dimming section.

23. The display panel according to claim 22, characterized in that, The areas of the second sub-dimming sections corresponding to different light-emitting devices are the same; or, the area of ​​the second sub-dimming section corresponding to the third color light-emitting device is greater than the area of ​​the second sub-dimming section corresponding to the second color light-emitting device, and the area of ​​the second sub-dimming section corresponding to the second color light-emitting device is greater than the area of ​​the second sub-dimming section corresponding to the first color light-emitting device.

24. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The display panel further includes a filter portion disposed on the light-emitting side of the light-emitting device. The filter portion is located on the side of the first dimming layer away from the light-emitting device and is disposed corresponding to the light-emitting device. The second dimming layer reuses the filter portion.

25. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The display panel further includes a filter portion and an optical adhesive layer disposed on the light-emitting side of the light-emitting device. The filter portion is located on the side of the first dimming layer facing the light-emitting device and is disposed corresponding to the light-emitting device. The optical adhesive layer is located on the side of the first dimming layer away from the light-emitting device. The second dimming layer reuses the optical adhesive layer.

26. A display device, characterized in that, Includes the display panel described in any one of claims 1 to 25.

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