A soft covering protection method for a wet environment earthen site
By constructing a multi-layered soft cover system, combined with vegetation surveys and community participation, the problem of plant root damage to the site in a humid environment was solved, achieving efficient and environmentally friendly protection of the earthen site, enhancing the site's preservation capacity and display effect, and promoting community economic development.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- DUNHUANG ACAD
- Filing Date
- 2026-04-27
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-12
AI Technical Summary
In humid environments, when using plants to protect earthen sites, the destructive effect of the native plant roots on the sites cannot be ignored, leading to problems such as cracking and collapse. Moreover, existing soft covering technologies are not very effective, costly, and difficult to achieve effective protection.
A nature-based solution was adopted, which involved vegetation survey and assessment, screening of typical dominant community species, chemical and physical removal, laying of boundary marker layers, construction of rammed earth isolation layers, laying of cultivation layers and sowing of plant communities to build a multi-layered and multi-structured soft cover system. Combined with sensor monitoring and community participation, the system ensured that the vegetation protected the site without damaging it.
It has achieved efficient, environmentally friendly, and sustainable protection of earthen sites, significantly extending their preservation time, preventing rain erosion, improving the environmental appearance of the sites, protecting biodiversity, reducing maintenance costs, and promoting community participation and economic development.
Smart Images
Figure CN122190224A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of weathering protection of earthen sites in humid environments, and more particularly to a soft covering protection method for earthen sites in humid environments. Background Technology
[0002] Earthen sites, as important carriers of human history and culture, bear a wealth of historical information. However, these ancient sites or archaeological remains, which use earth as their primary building material, face severe preservation challenges due to the fragility of their structure and the complexity of their environment. Especially in humid environments, earthen sites not only have to contend with natural factors such as rain erosion, but also with biological damage and human threats. These factors work together to seriously affect the long-term preservation and effective utilization of earthen sites.
[0003] In recent years, academia and industry have proposed various protection methods to address the issue of earthen archaeological sites in damp areas. Among these, the application of covering layers is a widely studied protective measure. While hard covering, a traditional method of site protection in developed Western countries, can reduce damage from external factors to some extent, it is costly to construct, difficult to maintain, and its protective effect is unsatisfactory. Therefore, soft covering technology has gradually gained attention and is considered one of the effective means of protecting sites in damp areas.
[0004] Soft covering refers to the use of plants and soil to cover the surface of archaeological sites. This reduces rainwater erosion and temperature fluctuations, making it an effective strategy for addressing the deterioration and biodegradation of exposed stone walls. This technology draws on the experience of soil and water conservation engineering and has been widely used in countries such as the UK and Sweden. Soft covering is low-cost, easy to implement, a reversible human intervention, and beneficial for increasing biodiversity and reducing maintenance costs, offering more advantages than hard covering. Currently, research on soft covering mainly focuses on its effects on mitigating frost damage, reducing wind and rain erosion, and improving the thickness of the underlying soil, and has proposed general requirements for plant covering protection techniques. Meanwhile, community participation is an indispensable part of earthen archaeological site protection. By strengthening community education and publicity, increasing public awareness and participation in earthen archaeological site protection, a positive atmosphere of shared responsibility for protecting earthen archaeological sites can be created. Furthermore, the participation of community residents in the daily maintenance and protection of soft covering can provide strong support for the long-term protection of earthen archaeological sites. However, some problems have also been discovered in the process of using plants for the protection of earthen archaeological sites. While native plants have a certain protective effect on archaeological sites, the destructive effect of their root systems cannot be ignored. Root splitting and changes in soil properties caused by root exudates can lead to serious problems such as cracking and collapse of archaeological sites. Therefore, how to use plants for protection while avoiding their damage to the sites has become an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide an efficient, environmentally friendly, and sustainable method for soft covering protection of earthen sites in humid environments.
[0006] To address the above problems, the present invention provides a soft covering protection method for earthen ruins in damp environments, comprising the following steps: A1 Vegetation Survey and Assessment: Using scientific survey methods of ecology or grassland science, we can systematically record and comprehensively analyze the vegetation characteristics, niche relationships, species diversity levels, community structure, succession characteristics, and interactions with the site environment of the site itself, in order to clarify the advantages and disadvantages of the native vegetation. Species screening of typical dominant communities in A2: Based on the assessment results of vegetation protection and destruction effects, more than 10 plant species were selected, and the plant height and root depth were controlled to not exceed 20cm. A3 Vegetation Efficient Cleaning: Vegetation removal was carried out by combining multiple mechanisms, including chemical removal and physical covering, to obtain the main body layer of the site. A4 boundary marker layer installation: A breathable and durable material was selected as the boundary marker layer on the main body of the site to separate and mark the main body of the site from the soft cover vegetation layer. Construction of A5 rammed earth isolation layer: After the loose soil is compacted by the compaction plate, it is tamped with a wooden tamping board until it is compacted and dense, with a pile density close to that of the site itself, and tightly combined with the topsoil of the site below the boundary marker layer without any cavities. A6 Culture Layer Laying and Treatment: After the soil used for piling in step A5 is sterilized and disinfected, a layer of cultivation soil is laid, the thickness of which is in harmony with the overall topography of the site. A7 Dominant Plant Community Sowing and Ecosystem Construction: The type and quantity of seeds are determined by the frequency and density of typical dominant plant communities, the sowing ratio is determined, grass seeds are purchased and sown, and the purity of the seeds is guaranteed to be 98% and the germination rate is above 95%; after sowing, sensors are installed at the boundaries of each layer. A8 daily maintenance and management; A9 soft coverage quality monitoring and control; A10 soft coverage protection effectiveness assessment.
[0007] In step A2, the typical dominant community species selection should be perennial species with significant seasonal growth variation characteristics, high-density cover, and low-lying creeping growth habits.
[0008] In step A3, the chemical reagents used for chemical removal are selected as systemic and conductive reagents that leave no residue on the site after application; physical removal is carried out by manual cutting along the ground.
[0009] In step A6, the cultivation soil is mainly soil used for construction, compounded with one or more of the following: peat moss, wood chips, mountain soil, fermentation substrate, and coconut coir, at a concentration of 5-15 g / m³. 2 Add a water-retaining agent.
[0010] In step A6, when laying the cultivation soil, in flat areas, a flat laying method is used to ensure that the cultivation soil is evenly distributed, and no soil stabilizing components are needed; while in sloping areas, biodegradable cells are used to lay the cultivation soil according to the slope to stabilize it.
[0011] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: 1. Effectively protect the earthen site.
[0012] This invention provides customized comprehensive protection measures against weathering for earthen sites in humid areas through soft covering protection technology. The soft covering vegetation layer structure (the structure of the vegetation layer refers to the structural pattern composed of the biological information such as the density and height of various vegetation types and their combined ecological functions, specifically referring to the uppermost vegetation layer) and soft covering cultivation technology can not only effectively inhibit the growth of native weeds and promote the ecological stability of new vegetation, but also effectively prevent rain erosion and reduce soil erosion, and reduce temperature fluctuations in the site layer, thereby significantly improving the preservation time and resistance to environmental fluctuations of earthen sites.
[0013] 2. Improve the environment and appearance of the site.
[0014] While ensuring effective protection, this invention focuses on enhancing the display effect and utilization value of earthen sites. By selecting a display model with typical and dominant vegetation communities, it eliminates the drawbacks of disorderly native vegetation that affects the display of the site's outline, enhances the landscape effect of the site, and presents the site's features to the public in a more vivid and intuitive way. This promotes the dissemination and educational function of cultural heritage and injects new vitality into the development of cultural inheritance and utilization.
[0015] 3. Control of harmful vegetation.
[0016] To suppress the regeneration and propagation of harmful vegetation, this invention can construct a suitable soft cover system to preferentially occupy ecological niches and form a competitive advantage, thereby effectively blocking the replanting and expansion paths of harmful plants.
[0017] 4. Effectively protect biodiversity.
[0018] In its implementation, this invention selects a variety of suitable native vegetation species to construct a multi-layered and multi-structured soft cover plant community. This system not only builds an effective physical protective barrier for open-air earthen sites, but also greatly promotes the balanced development and long-term stability of the regional ecosystem. Compared with a single-species soft cover system, the species diversity of the soft cover community effectively safeguards local biodiversity and ecological security.
[0019] 5. Environmental safety should be taken into account.
[0020] The implementation of this invention strictly adheres to environmental protection principles, striving to minimize adverse environmental impacts from material selection to technology application. By employing environmentally friendly materials and low-pollution reagents, and methods such as pesticide residue detection, energy consumption and pollutant emissions during the protection process are effectively reduced, ensuring the environmental friendliness of the protection work.
[0021] 6. Effectively serve the community: The cultivation and maintenance processes of this invention not only focus on the earthen site itself, but also, through training community members during construction and maintenance phases, cultivate plants with medicinal or other economic value. This strengthens the connection and cooperation between conservation efforts and local residents, and enhances their awareness and participation in cultural heritage protection. Simultaneously, these processes provide employment opportunities for the community, improve residents' well-being, promote local economic development, and achieve an organic integration of cultural heritage protection and social development.
[0022] 7. Based on the principles of minimal intervention, environmental protection, high efficiency, biodiversity conservation, and sustainable development, this invention, under the concept of Nature-based Solutions (NbS), enables the site to enhance its ability to resist extreme environments in a short period of time and effectively showcase the historical features of the site. Attached Figure Description
[0023] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0024] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the present invention.
[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the soft overlay structure of the present invention.
[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the soft covering structure of the present invention.
[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the wooden clapper structure of the present invention.
[0028] In the diagram: 1—the main body of the site, 2—the boundary marker layer, 3—the rammed earth isolation layer, 4—the cultivation layer, 5—the soft covering vegetation layer, 6—the head of the clapper, 7—the handle of the clapper. Detailed Implementation
[0029] This invention, drawing on the concepts of Nature-based Solutions (NbS) and Learning from Nature, combines weed control technology, site construction and restoration technology, and soft cover cultivation technology, aiming to achieve effective preservation of sites and enhance their ability to resist harsh environments.
[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, a soft covering protection method for earthen ruins in humid environments includes the following steps: A1 Vegetation Survey and Assessment: Using scientific survey methods such as the quadrat method and transect method, we systematically recorded all plant species, quantities, distributions, and growth status within the site itself and its surrounding moat. We also comprehensively analyzed the vegetation characteristics, niche relationships, species diversity levels, community structure, succession characteristics, and interactions with the site environment to clarify the advantages and disadvantages of the native vegetation.
[0031] Species screening of typical dominant communities in A2: Based on the assessment results of vegetation protection and damage, select more than 10 plant species to ensure species diversity and community richness. Suitable native plants with economic value may also be considered. Plant height and root depth should be controlled to no more than 20 cm to minimize vegetation damage to the plant body.
[0032] Species selected for typical dominant communities should be perennial, exhibiting significant seasonal growth variations, high-density cover, and low-growing, creeping growth habits to visually enrich the landscape and enhance the overall aesthetic, ecological, and economic value of the ecological community. Specifically, typical dominant community species include, but are not limited to, Dichondra repens, Duchesnea indica, Gnaphalium affine, Centella asiatica, Celtis sinensis, Oxalis corniculata, Centella asiatica, Bermuda grass, Rhizoma Cynodon dactylon, Rhizoma Spatholobi, Rhizoma Spatholobi, Rhizoma Spatholobi, Sophorae Flavescentis, and Vetch.
[0033] A3 Vegetation Efficient Cleaning: Vegetation was cleared by combining chemical removal and physical covering mechanisms, thus obtaining the site's main body layer 1.
[0034] For chemical removal, systemic reagents should be selected that leave no residue on the site after application. For example, a mixture of 36% glufosinate-glyphosate and a 1:1 ratio of aminopyridine and triclopyralid can be sprayed onto the leaves of plants in their vigorous weed growth stage. After the initial spraying, use a sickle or similar tool to cut away the dry weeds or woody plants along their roots, tilting the blade slightly to facilitate extraction of the entire root. The removed weeds should be collected and disposed of properly, and the site surface should be cleaned to prevent seed dispersal. Trees growing on the site should be removed by drilling holes in their root surfaces using an electric drill and injecting the compound reagent, based on the diameter of the roots. After injection, the drill holes should be wrapped with plastic wrap to prevent evaporation and runoff of the reagent.
[0035] Physical removal was carried out manually, close to the ground. The vegetation was cut along the root system, close to the ground, leaving as little residue as possible. Simultaneously, weeds were collected and transported in sealed containers to prevent secondary propagation. For connected rhizomes or creeping, sprawling areas, edge cutting and spot pulling were used as supplementary methods. This ensured thorough removal of the above-ground vegetation and avoided damage to the surface structure of the site.
[0036] A4 boundary marker layer 2 installation: A breathable and durable material was selected as the boundary marker layer 2 on the main body layer 1 of the site to separate the main body layer 1 of the site from the soft cover vegetation layer 5, thus achieving the reversibility of the protection measures.
[0037] The present invention can select EGA30-30 glass fiber geogrid as the boundary layer material.
[0038] After clearing weeds and repairing defects such as cracks and collapses, the grid should be spread on the working surface by manual rolling, with an overlap width of not less than 10cm between adjacent grids.
[0039] Construction of A5 rammed earth isolation layer 3: After the loose soil is compacted using a compaction plate, it is then tamped using a wooden tamping board. The tamping process should maintain a uniform tamping height and a fixed number of passes until it is firmly compacted and the density is close to that of the original site. Specifically, to ensure a tight bond between the tamped soil layer and the original site, the designated surface for paving must be sprayed with clean water before the soil is laid. The surface penetration depth should be controlled during spraying to avoid surface runoff. After water spraying, the loose soil is leveled to the designed thickness, and the thickness is checked with a steel ruler. After being compacted using the compaction plate, it is tamped using a wooden tamping board. The tamping height and number of passes should be controlled to ensure the density is not lower than that of the original site soil. The wooden tamping board... Figure 4 As shown, it consists of a clapper head 6 and a clapper handle 7 that are fixedly connected together.
[0040] In addition, considering the drainage of rainwater at the top of the site, and its tight integration with the topsoil below the boundary marker layer 2 without any cavities, this isolation layer can effectively block the regeneration of the original vegetation on the site itself and prevent the roots of the upper soft cover vegetation from growing downwards and penetrating into the site itself.
[0041] A6 Culture Layer 4 Laying and Treatment: The soil used for piling in step A5 needs to be sterilized and disinfected. This can be done by spraying with sodium dichloroisocyanurate for sterilization, followed by application of organophosphate insecticides such as trichlorfon or chlorpyrifos one hour later. Then, the base soil is laid, its thickness harmonizing with the overall topography of the site. The base soil is primarily composed of the soil used for piling, mixed with one or more of the following: peat moss, wood chips, mountain soil, fermentation substrate, and coconut coir, at a concentration of 5-15 g / m³. 2 Add a water-retaining agent.
[0042] When laying the cultivation soil, in flat areas, a flat laying method is used to ensure that the cultivation soil is evenly distributed, and no soil stabilizing components are needed; while in sloping areas, biodegradable cells are used to lay the cultivation soil according to the slope to stabilize the cultivation soil.
[0043] In sloping areas, bamboo lattice grids are the primary material. At the junctions, turns, and points of significant deformation between two slopes (or on uneven slopes), straw lattice grids are preferred to adapt to the terrain and improve conformity and buffering.
[0044] The laying process requires gradually covering the soil from the foot of the slope to the top, and special care should be taken to avoid crushing or deforming the cells; the height of the cells is generally slightly less than the thickness of the soil layer.
[0045] When laying straw grid cells, bamboo sticks can be used for anchoring and support. The anchoring density and depth should be arranged according to the results of field tests. Bamboo grid cells can be used to stabilize the soil on relatively straight slopes. When the slope is ≥ 40°, bamboo grid cells need to be anchored and supported with bamboo sticks.
[0046] A7 Dominant Plant Community Sowing and Ecosystem Construction: The type and quantity of seeds are determined based on the frequency and density of typical dominant plant communities. The sowing ratio is clearly defined, and grass seeds are procured, ensuring a seed purity of 98% and a germination rate of over 95%. After removing impurities and damaged seeds, pre-treatments such as soaking and germination are performed. Following pre-treatment, the seeds are evenly sown on the soil surface, gently compacted, covered with fine soil, and then covered with non-woven fabric to maintain humidity.
[0047] Before sowing, pay attention to local climate conditions to ensure no rain at the time of sowing. When sowing, evenly mix the seeds with fine soil particles (d < 2mm in diameter) at a weight ratio of 1:5 and then broadcast the mixture onto the soil surface to ensure even crop growth. After sowing, cover with 1-2cm of fine soil to maintain soil moisture and protect the seeds. Throughout the sowing process, carefully observe soil moisture and seed germination, and take timely measures to adjust and remedy any issues.
[0048] Once the soft cover structure is deployed, such as Figure 3 As shown, a boundary marker layer 2 is set on the main body layer 1 of the site, a rammed earth isolation layer 3 is set on the boundary marker layer 2, a cultivation layer 4 is set on the rammed earth isolation layer 3, and a soft cover vegetation layer 5 is set on the cultivation layer 4. Figure 2 As shown, the total height of the area covered above layer 1 of the site does not exceed 20cm. Each layer has its unique function. The boundary marker layer 2 is made of durable materials to ensure the reversibility of the site protection measures. The remaining parts are made of biodegradable materials to ensure the safety of the site and its surrounding environment. The soil used in the construction has a similarity of more than 85% to the original site soil, which helps to maintain the authenticity, stability and integrity of the site.
[0049] Finally, sensors need to be installed at the boundaries of each layer to monitor parameters such as temperature and moisture content of each structural layer, so as to conduct an effect evaluation later.
[0050] A8 Daily Maintenance and Management: Systematic management measures such as shading, irrigation, and fertilization should be implemented regularly in the soft-covered areas to improve plant survival rates and promote healthy plant growth. Simultaneously, during both the cultivation and use phases of the soft cover, the vegetation growth should be regularly inspected in conjunction with the maintenance plan. This includes pest and disease control, manual removal of excessive weeds, and the rational collection of economically valuable vegetation. This process can enhance the participation of residents in the surrounding communities, enabling the soft cover to fulfill its protective, biodiversity-enhancing, and landscape-improving functions while also improving the well-being of nearby residents.
[0051] Maintenance work mainly includes daily maintenance, seasonal maintenance, pest and disease control, and handling of special situations. Key tasks include watering, fertilization, pest and disease control, and weeding. For daily maintenance, irrigation is scientifically scheduled based on plant growth characteristics and soil temperature and humidity monitoring data. The ideal irrigation window is set at 7:00-9:00 AM, the soil moisture content should be controlled within 10%-20%, the irrigation frequency is maintained at once per day to once per week, and pruning height should follow the 1 / 3 principle, with a cycle of once every 2 weeks to once every 3 months. Fertilization can use various fertilizers such as organic fertilizer, compound fertilizer, micronutrient fertilizer, and bio-fertilizer, with a frequency of once every 1 month to once every 3 months. For seasonal maintenance, different strategies are adopted based on the vigorous plant growth in spring and autumn and the extreme climate in winter and summer. In spring and autumn, the focus is on strengthening fertilization management to promote healthy plant growth and recovery; in winter and summer, more emphasis is placed on pruning management, using reasonable pruning to adapt to extreme weather conditions and maintain plant shape and health. In addition, integrated pest management strategies should be adopted to address pests, diseases, and weeds, with precise measures implemented based on the specific types and stages of pests and diseases to effectively reduce the use of chemical pesticides. For special circumstances such as extreme weather, plant pests and diseases, and weed outbreaks, detailed emergency plans must be developed to ensure the continuity and effectiveness of maintenance work, thereby comprehensively protecting the healthy growth of plants and the stability of the ecological environment within the earthen site protection area.
[0052] A9 soft coverage quality monitoring and control; Construction quality control is crucial throughout the entire soft cover protection process and is key to ensuring that soft cover technology achieves its protective effect.
[0053] During the vegetation removal phase, the kill rate of treated plants must be continuously monitored for 90 days to ensure that the kill rate reaches over 95%. To prevent ecological and environmental risks, long-term monitoring of potentially harmful substances remaining in the soil for one year is also necessary to ensure the safety of the ecological environment.
[0054] During the construction of the rammed earth layer, it is essential to strictly control the energy input of the tamping operation and the thickness of each layer after compaction. By implementing density tests, it is ensured that the soil density meets the predetermined standards, thereby protecting the rammed earth layer from the resurgence of the underlying plants and the damage to the soil caused by the roots of the soft covering plants.
[0055] During the construction phase of the cultivation layer, the thickness and uniformity of the rammed soil and planting soil layers become key control points. The soil layer thickness should not exceed the design thickness to ensure that the plant roots can be evenly distributed and effectively absorb nutrients. The construction of the grid cells must strictly follow the design drawings and construction specifications, ensuring accurate laying and anchoring to guarantee the stable function of the grid cell structure during construction and subsequent use. Long-term monitoring using zoom cameras at fixed points is also crucial to promptly detect and address potential hazards such as cultivation layer slippage.
[0056] During the soft cover construction phase, the uniformity and density of the cover layer must be ensured, with uniformity reaching over 90% and coverage exceeding 85%. Regular monitoring using monitoring equipment is essential to scientifically assess the ecological protection effects and optimize the plant growth environment. A gently sloping flood drainage system is implemented to reduce ecological risks such as rainwater runoff and soil erosion. Ventilation measures are also incorporated to further optimize the plant growth environment.
[0057] During the comprehensive quality control and acceptance phase, a thorough and meticulous inspection is conducted on every aspect of the construction process. Any abnormalities, the measures taken, and the final acceptance results are recorded in detail, forming a normalized quality supervision mechanism. This provides detailed data support for subsequent quality traceability and performance analysis, ensuring the long-term stability and ecological safety of the soft cover protection project.
[0058] A10 soft coverage protection effectiveness assessment.
[0059] A comprehensive evaluation of the soft cover effect is required over a period of one year, primarily considering its impact on weather resistance, display effect, and economic indicators. Among these: The impact assessment of the intervention involved the positive and negative effects of measures such as vegetation treatment and planting of dominant indicator plants on the wall, and was evaluated using methods such as tensile testing and rainfall experiments.
[0060] Weather resistance considerations include the weather resistance of the vegetation itself (such as growth status, physiological and biochemical reactions, and stress resistance) and the durability assessment of the planting layer, and stability is ensured through regular observation and recording.
[0061] The evaluation of the demonstration effect uses methods such as questionnaires and close-up photography to determine whether various protection strategies meet the needs of all levels of society.
[0062] Economic indicator analysis compares the implementation costs, maintenance costs, and circular economy benefits of different protection schemes to ensure their economic feasibility. This series of evaluation steps together constitutes a rigorous framework for a comprehensive assessment of the effectiveness of soft coverage.
Claims
1. A method for soft covering protection of earthen sites in damp environments, comprising the following steps: A1 Vegetation Survey and Assessment: Using scientific survey methods of ecology or grassland science, we can systematically record and comprehensively analyze the vegetation characteristics, niche relationships, species diversity levels, community structure, succession characteristics, and interactions with the site environment of the site itself, in order to clarify the advantages and disadvantages of the native vegetation. Species screening of typical dominant communities in A2: Based on the assessment results of vegetation protection and destruction effects, more than 10 plant species were selected, and the plant height and root depth were controlled to not exceed 20cm. A3 Vegetation Efficient Cleaning: The vegetation was cleared by combining chemical removal and physical covering mechanisms to obtain the main body layer of the site (1). A4 boundary marker layer (2) installation: On the main body layer (1) of the site, a breathable and durable material is selected as the boundary marker layer (2) to separate and mark the main body layer (1) of the site and the soft cover vegetation layer (5). Construction of A5 rammed earth isolation layer (3): After the loose soil is compacted by the Naxupan, it is tamped with a wooden tamping board until it is compacted and dense, with a pile density close to that of the site itself, and tightly bonded to the surface soil of the site below the boundary marker layer (2) without any cavities. A6 cultivation layer (4) laying and treatment: After the soil used for piling in step A5 is sterilized and disinfected, a layer of cultivation soil is laid, the thickness of which is in harmony with the overall topography of the site. A7 Dominant Plant Community Sowing and Ecosystem Construction: The type and quantity of seeds are determined by the frequency and density of typical dominant plant communities, the sowing ratio is determined, grass seeds are purchased and sown, and the purity of the seeds is guaranteed to be 98% and the germination rate is above 95%; after sowing, sensors are installed at the boundaries of each layer. A8 daily maintenance and management; A9 soft coverage quality monitoring and control; A10 soft coverage protection effectiveness assessment.
2. The method for soft covering protection of earthen sites in humid environments as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In step A2, the typical dominant community species selection should be perennial species with significant seasonal growth variation characteristics, high-density cover, and low-lying creeping growth habits.
3. The soft covering protection method for earthen ruins in humid environments as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In step A3, the chemical reagents used for chemical removal are selected as systemic and conductive reagents that leave no residue on the site after application; physical removal is carried out by manual cutting along the ground.
4. The soft covering protection method for earthen ruins in humid environments as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In step A6, the cultivation soil is mainly soil used for construction, compounded with one or more of the following: peat moss, wood chips, mountain soil, fermentation substrate, and coconut coir, at a concentration of 5-15 g / m³. 2 Add a water-retaining agent.
5. A method for soft covering protection of earthen sites in humid environments as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In step A6, when laying the cultivation soil, in flat areas, a flat laying method is used to ensure that the cultivation soil is evenly distributed, and no soil stabilizing components are needed; while in sloping areas, biodegradable cells are used to lay the cultivation soil according to the slope to stabilize it.