A kind of inner overhanging lattice building structure system based on traditional fanning frame wood structure derivation

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of based on traditional shoveling frame wood structure derivative inner overhanging lattice building structure system, the system is connected by lattice connection beam unit and lattice inclined strut unit in the direction of open space by multiple plane structure units;Single plane structure unit includes first side column unit, second side column unit, first side roof unit, second side roof unit and base;First hanging column and second hanging column are connected, first side column unit and second side column unit, and first side roof unit and second side roof unit, are mirror image symmetry about ridge middle part.The application realizes high and spacious column-free space in middle part by overhanging structure, improves space flexibility;Solid section is replaced by lattice component, significantly improves bending stiffness and bearing efficiency under similar material consumption, realizes lightweight structure;With the composite connection of less number of inclined metal bolts and epoxy resin adhesive, traditional mortise and tenon is replaced, and rigid connection of node is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building structure technology, and in particular to an internally cantilevered lattice building structure system derived from the traditional truss timber structure. Background Technology

[0002] Over thousands of years of development, traditional Chinese wooden architecture has formed two main structural systems: the raised-beam type and the mortise-and-tenon type. The mortise-and-tenon type, with its economical use of materials and strong structural integrity, is widely used in southern my country. This system uses mortise beams to connect columns, forming the roof frame. Purlins rest directly on the column heads, and mortise beams connect the various roof frames along the purlin direction to form an overall framework, creating a tight spatial load-bearing system. However, the traditional mortise-and-tenon structure has significant limitations in spatial flexibility: a central column is usually located in the middle of each roof frame, making it difficult to create a large span, which negatively impacts the integrity and free division of interior space; the numerous central columns at the gable ends also make it difficult to create open end spaces. Furthermore, due to the natural deformation and shrinkage characteristics of wood, traditional mortise and tenon joints are prone to loosening over long-term use, leading to tilting and deformation of the overall structure, significantly affecting its safety and stability.

[0003] Based on the traditional mortise-and-tenon (PC) construction, a unique framed timber structure (also known as an "arched timber structure") was created to meet regional needs. This structure can be seen as a regional development of the PC construction. Its core innovation lies in the structural logic of "gradual, multi-layered, equidistant cantilevered sections." Utilizing the lever balance principle, the mortise beams are horizontally projected outwards and inwards from the columns as fulcrums, primarily cantilevered inwards. The front end of each mortise beam supports the supporting column, and mortise beams are added at equal intervals layer by layer upwards. Each additional mortise beam extends forward a certain distance, successively supporting the previous supporting column. After several layers, it reaches the center of the roof ridge, forming a "tree-shaped frame" with a large depth and span. This structure achieves a large depth and span (approximately 6000-10000mm) and a high, open, column-free space in the middle of the span, which is difficult to achieve with traditional PC construction, without any interior central columns. It is an outstanding representative of architectural wisdom in the Liangshan region and has significant cultural value and inheritance significance.

[0004] Although the truss frame structure has achieved significant breakthroughs in depth, it still has significant shortcomings in the span direction and overall performance, which restricts its modern application and promotion. Firstly, the relatively small span in the span direction (approximately 1500-2000mm) results in a large number of densely arranged planar structural units, with column spacing of only about 400-600mm. This leads to a large number of components such as purlins, tie beams, and short columns, resulting in high total timber consumption and low material utilization efficiency. Secondly, the dense structural components and numerous mortise and tenon joints require extensive manual processing and assembly, resulting in a long construction cycle, low construction efficiency, and a high dependence on experienced traditional craftsmen, making it difficult to guarantee stable product quality and controllable construction costs. More importantly, this structural system has certain safety hazards: the roof truss lacks effective ties in the middle, making it prone to collapse under roof loads; the core load-bearing components are solid cylindrical columns with slender cross-sections (column diameter approximately 180-250mm), resulting in poor cross-sectional properties in all directions and insufficient bending stiffness; the connection between the column base and the foundation is hinged, leading to weak lateral stiffness, large deformation under earthquakes, and a tendency to overturn, making it difficult to effectively control overall safety.

[0005] In summary, while existing traditional timber structure systems each have their own unique characteristics, they all have limitations in terms of spatial flexibility, material efficiency, construction efficiency, and structural safety, making it difficult to meet the demands of modern architecture for large open spaces, industrialized construction, and high-performance structures. Therefore, how to achieve spatial expansion, standardized component production, improved joint performance, and enhanced overall safety by optimizing the structural system and innovating technologies while inheriting the core techniques of traditional timber frame structures has become a pressing technical problem to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention provides an internally cantilevered lattice building structure system derived from traditional truss timber structure. While inheriting the core techniques of traditional truss timber structure, it addresses the technical problems of how to expand spatial scale, standardize component production, improve node performance, and enhance overall safety.

[0007] In view of the above technical problems, the present invention provides an internally cantilevered lattice building structure system derived from the traditional truss timber structure. The internally cantilevered lattice building structure system is composed of multiple planar structural units connected in the bay direction by lattice connecting beam units and lattice diagonal brace units. Each planar structural unit includes a first side column unit, a second side column unit, a first side roof unit, a second side roof unit, and a base.

[0008] The first side column unit includes a first supporting column, a first eaves column, a first inner column, a second supporting column, a first through beam, and a second through beam; wherein, the first through beam intersects with the first supporting column, the first eaves column, and the first inner column to form a fixed connection point, and cantilevered to one side towards the eaves; the second through beam intersects with the first eaves column, the first inner column, and the second supporting column to form a fixed connection point, and cantilevered to one side towards the middle of the span;

[0009] The second side column unit includes a third supporting column, a second eaves column, a second inner column, a fourth supporting column, a third through beam, and a fourth through beam; wherein, the third through beam intersects with the third supporting column, the second eaves column, and the second inner column to form a fixed connection point, and cantilevered to one side towards the eaves; the fourth through beam intersects with the second eaves column, the second inner column, and the fourth supporting column to form a fixed connection point, and cantilevered to one side towards the middle of the span;

[0010] The first side roof unit includes a first inclined beam and a first hanging column. The first lifting column and the second lifting column are connected to the lower rod of the first inclined beam. The first eaves column and the first inner column clamp and connect the lower rod and the upper rod of the first inclined beam, and cantilever towards the middle of the ridge.

[0011] The second side roof unit includes a second inclined beam and a second hanging column. The third lifting column and the fourth lifting column are connected to the lower rod of the second inclined beam. The second eaves column and the second inner column clamp and connect the lower rod and the upper rod of the second inclined beam, and cantilever towards the middle of the ridge.

[0012] The bottoms of the first eaves column, the first inner column, the second eaves column, and the second inner column are all fixed to the base;

[0013] The first hanging column and the second hanging column are connected, and the first side column unit and the second side column unit, as well as the first side roof unit and the second side roof unit, are mirror-symmetrical about the middle of the roof ridge.

[0014] Optionally, the first supporting column, the first eaves column, the first inner column, and the second supporting column are vertically spaced at a first preset distance, and the first through beam and the second through beam are horizontally spaced at a parallel interval.

[0015] The third supporting column, the second eaves column, the second inner column, and the fourth supporting column are arranged in parallel intervals in the vertical direction, and the third through beam and the fourth through beam are arranged in parallel intervals in the horizontal direction.

[0016] Optionally, two adjacent planar structural units are connected by lattice connecting beam units and lattice diagonal brace units; the lattice connecting beam unit includes a first connecting beam, a second connecting beam, a third connecting beam, a fourth connecting beam, a fifth connecting beam, a sixth connecting beam, a seventh connecting beam, an eighth connecting beam, and a ninth connecting beam;

[0017] The second connecting beam is installed on the top of two adjacent first eaves columns, and the eighth connecting beam is installed on the top of two adjacent second eaves columns; the third connecting beam is installed on the top of two adjacent first inner columns, and the seventh connecting beam is installed on the top of two adjacent second inner columns; the fifth connecting beam is installed between two adjacent first hanging columns and two adjacent second hanging columns.

[0018] Optionally, the first connecting beam is installed between the side walls of two adjacent first inclined beams, and the connection point between the first connecting beam and the lower rod of the first inclined beam and the connection point between the first lifting column and the lower rod of the first inclined beam are arranged at the same point;

[0019] The fourth connecting beam is installed between the side walls of two adjacent first inclined beams, and the connection point between the fourth connecting beam and the lower rod of the first inclined beam and the connection point between the second lifting column and the lower rod of the first inclined beam are arranged at the same point.

[0020] The ninth connecting beam is installed between the side walls of two adjacent second inclined beams, and the connection point between the ninth connecting beam and the lower rod of the second inclined beam and the connection point between the third lifting column and the lower rod of the second inclined beam are arranged at the same point;

[0021] The sixth connecting beam is installed between the side walls of two adjacent second inclined beams, and the connection point between the sixth connecting beam and the lower rod of the second inclined beam and the connection point between the fourth lifting column and the lower rod of the second inclined beam are arranged at the same point.

[0022] Optionally, it also includes a first outer eaves inclined beam and a second outer eaves inclined beam, wherein the first outer eaves inclined beam is connected to the first connecting beam and the second connecting beam at the mid-span;

[0023] The second outer eaves inclined beam is connected to the eighth connecting beam and the ninth connecting beam at the mid-span.

[0024] Optionally, a first purlin is fixedly connected to the end of the first outer eaves inclined beam and to the adjacent first inclined beam; a second purlin is fixedly connected to the end of the second outer eaves inclined beam and to the adjacent second inclined beam.

[0025] Optionally, the lattice diagonal brace unit includes a first diagonal brace and a second diagonal brace. The first diagonal brace is installed between the upper and lower bars of the first diagonal beam, with one end close to the fifth connecting beam and the other end close to the fourth connecting beam.

[0026] The second diagonal brace is installed between the upper and lower bars of the second diagonal beam, with one end close to the fifth connecting beam and the other end close to the sixth connecting beam.

[0027] Optionally, at the connection between the first lifting column and the first through beam, and at the connection between the third lifting column and the third through beam, they are all fixedly overlapped by a first type of node A;

[0028] In the first to ninth connecting beams, the connection points between the upper and lower members and the web of each connecting beam are all fixedly lapped through type B nodes;

[0029] At the connection points between the first outer eaves inclined beam and the first connecting beam and the second connecting beam, a third type of node C is used for fixed overlap.

[0030] Optionally, the first eaves column, the first inner column, the second eaves column, and the second inner column are each composed of four single columns, and each single column is fixedly connected by a first type of composite node D, which is composed of multiple first type of nodes A.

[0031] At the junction of two adjacent first diagonal bars and first diagonal beams, they are fixedly connected by a second type of composite node E, which is composed of the first type of node A and the second type of node B.

[0032] At the junction of the fifth connecting beam, the first hanging column, the second hanging column, the first inclined beam and the second inclined beam, a third type of composite node F is used for fixed connection. The third type of composite node F is composed of the first type of node A, the second type of node B and the third type of node C.

[0033] Optionally, the first type of node A, the second type of node B, the third type of node C, the first type of composite node D, the second type of composite node E, and the third type of composite node F are all filled with an epoxy resin adhesive layer.

[0034] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0035] In terms of structural efficiency, by adopting a continuous inclined beam layout on one side of the roof, this beam sequentially passes through corresponding supporting columns, eaves columns, and inner columns, ultimately forming a fixed point at the top of the supporting columns, thus achieving cantilever towards the ridge. This successfully constructs an internal cantilever system on one side of the roof within the planar structural unit. Compared to the complex and lengthy "through-beam-supporting-column corbelled frame" implementation method in traditional truss structures, the force transmission path of this design is more direct and efficient, while significantly reducing the number of components and optimizing the overall structural performance. In terms of space utilization, this design... The design achieves a zero-column layout at the ridge of a single-frame house and its surrounding area, completely eliminating the division and obstruction of interior space by columns at the ridge in traditional mortise and tenon structures; it creates a high, open, column-free central space, significantly improving the flexibility of space division and adaptability to use; at the same time, it uses lattice connecting beams to replace traditional purlins, increasing the span in the bay direction from the traditional 1500-2000mm to 4500-5000mm, significantly reducing the number of planar structural units and creating a more open and homogeneous interior space.

[0036] In terms of structural efficiency and safety, the load transmission path of the roof was optimized. Part of the roof load is transferred to the corresponding columns and finally to the base; the other part of the roof load is transferred through the corresponding lifting columns and connecting beams, further to the columns and finally to the base. Compared with the circuitous and lengthy "connecting beam-lifting column corrugated frame" in traditional truss structures, the load transmission is more direct and efficient, significantly improving the overall structural efficiency and reducing deformation at the ridge. V-shaped diagonal braces are set in the cantilevered area in the middle of the ridge to form a structurally stable triangular division, effectively constraining the relative displacement between the roof trusses, suppressing in-plane deformation, and significantly improving the overall lateral stiffness and stability. The units on both sides are mirror-symmetrical about the middle of the ridge and connected by hanging columns to form a self-balancing system with balanced forces, further enhancing the overall stability of the structure.

[0037] In terms of material utilization and mechanical properties, a lattice-structured component system is adopted to replace traditional solid cross-section components. By spatially combining multiple small-section standard-specification timbers, a high-efficiency load-bearing section with gaps and hollows is formed. Under the premise of similar material usage, the moment of inertia of the section is significantly increased by utilizing the parallel axis shifting theorem, achieving the dual goals of significantly improving bending stiffness and structural lightweighting. Specifically, the bending load-bearing efficiency of the four-limb lattice columns is significantly improved compared to traditional solid cylindrical columns, and both in-plane and out-of-plane stiffness are significantly enhanced. The bending load-bearing efficiency of the lattice connecting beams is several times higher than that of traditional purlins, while the number of components is greatly reduced, and the material performance is efficiently utilized. Furthermore, the hollow areas between the upper and lower members of each connecting beam are cleverly used as equipment pipeline channels in the depth direction. At the same time, the hollow parts between the upper and lower members of the first and second inclined beams are also fully utilized as equipment pipeline channels in the bay direction. In this way, not only are the equipment pipelines perfectly integrated into the structural cavity, effectively avoiding the occupation of indoor net height by exposed pipelines, but the net height of the building's interior space is also significantly increased, making space utilization more efficient and flexible.

[0038] In terms of construction and joint performance, a composite connection technology using metal bolts and epoxy resin adhesives replaces traditional mortise and tenon joints. Multiple components are connected at a single connection point using a single oblique metal bolt to form a rigid joint, achieving rigid connection of multiple components. This simplifies the joint structure, reduces the amount of metal connectors, and decreases the cross-sectional area of ​​the timber members. The epoxy resin adhesive layer fills the gaps between the timber pores and the bolts, ensuring uniform load distribution and avoiding stress concentration. After curing, it forms a rigid joint, enhancing its strength and rigidity. Simultaneously, the epoxy resin layer effectively blocks moisture penetration, inhibiting the adverse effects of timber expansion and contraction on the long-term performance of the joint, significantly improving the durability of the joint and the long-term safety and stability of the overall structure. Standardized sawn timber with uniform cross-sectional specifications is used for the main timber components, enabling factory prefabrication and rapid on-site assembly. This eliminates reliance on specific craftsmanship skills, greatly improving construction efficiency, quality, and cost controllability.

[0039] In terms of ecological benefits, the use of small-section timber and the lowering of the selection criteria for tall trees are conducive to forest ecological protection; the structural system originates from traditional scaffolding techniques and has been optimized by modern methods, and the simplified construction method is easy to master and operate. Attached Figure Description

[0040] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0041] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the structure of two planar structural units in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a single planar structural unit in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 3 This is a side view of a single planar structural unit in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of multiple planar structural units in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first type of node A in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Perspective view;

[0047] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second type of node B in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 Perspective view;

[0049] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the third type of node C in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 10 yes Figure 9 Perspective view;

[0051] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first type of composite node D in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 12 yes Figure 11 Perspective view;

[0053] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second type of composite node E in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 14 yes Figure 13 Disassembly perspective view;

[0055] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the third type of composite node F in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 16 yes Figure 15 Disassembly perspective view.

[0057] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings are as follows:

[0058] 11-First supporting column, 12-Third supporting column, 101-First connecting beam, 102-Second connecting beam, 103-Third connecting beam, 104-Fourth connecting beam, 105-Fifth connecting beam, 106-Sixth connecting beam, 107-Seventh connecting beam, 108-Eighth connecting beam, 109-Ninth connecting beam, 111-First outer eaves diagonal beam, 112-Second outer eaves diagonal beam, 113-First purlin, 114-Second purlin, 115-First diagonal beam 116 - Second diagonal brace, 117 - Web plate, 21 - First eaves column, 211 - Single column, 22 - Second eaves column, 31 - First inner column, 32 - Second inner column, 41 - Second lifting column, 42 - Fourth lifting column, 51 - First through beam, 52 - Third through beam, 61 - Second through beam, 62 - Fourth through beam, 71 - First diagonal beam, 72 - Second diagonal beam, 81 - First hanging column, 82 - Second hanging column, 9 - Base, 10 - Metal bolt. Detailed Implementation

[0059] To make the technical problems solved, the technical solutions, and the beneficial effects of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0060] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal," "radial," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships, are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0061] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0062] like Figures 1 to 4As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides an internally cantilevered lattice building structure system derived from the traditional truss timber structure. The internally cantilevered lattice building structure system is composed of multiple planar structural units connected in the bay direction by lattice connecting beam units and lattice diagonal brace units. Each planar structural unit includes a first side column unit, a second side column unit, a first side roof unit, a second side roof unit, and a base 9.

[0063] The first side column unit includes a first supporting column 11, a first eaves column 21, a first inner column 31, a second supporting column 41, a first through beam 51, and a second through beam 61; wherein, the first through beam 51 intersects with the first supporting column 11, the first eaves column 21, and the first inner column 31 to form a fixed connection point, and cantilevered to one side towards the eaves; the second through beam 61 intersects with the first eaves column 21, the first inner column 31, and the second supporting column 41 to form a fixed connection point, and cantilevered to one side towards the middle of the span.

[0064] The second side column unit includes a third supporting column 12, a second eaves column 22, a second inner column 32, a fourth supporting column 42, a third through beam 52, and a fourth through beam 62; wherein, the third through beam 52 intersects with the third supporting column 12, the second eaves column 22, and the second inner column 32 to form a fixed connection point, and cantilevered to one side towards the eaves; the fourth through beam 62 intersects with the second eaves column 22, the second inner column 32, and the fourth supporting column 42 to form a fixed connection point, and cantilevered to one side towards the middle of the span.

[0065] Understandably, this structure effectively distributes bending moments. The cantilevered ends of the crossbeams connect to the raised columns, optimizing the load transmission path of the roof. The roof load is directly transferred to the base through the corresponding columns, while the rest is transferred through the raised columns to the crossbeams and finally to the base. Compared to the circuitous and lengthy "crossbeam-raised column corrugated frame" in traditional truss structures, the load transmission is more direct and efficient, significantly improving the overall structural efficiency and reducing deformation at the ridge. Specifically, taking the first inner column 31 as an example, the load transmission path at the first inner column 31 is: roof load → first inner column 31 → base 9. Taking the first raised column 11 as an example, the load transmission path at the first raised column 11 is: roof load → first raised column 11 → first crossbeam 51 → first inner column 31 and first eaves column 21 → base 9.

[0066] The first side roof unit includes a first inclined beam 71 and a first hanging column 81. The first lifting column 11 and the second lifting column 41 are connected to the lower rod of the first inclined beam 71. The first eaves column 21 and the first inner column 31 clamp and connect the lower and upper rods of the first inclined beam 71 and cantilever towards the middle of the ridge. The first inclined beam 71 extends from the end of the eaves to the ridge.

[0067] The second side roof unit includes a second inclined beam 72 and a second hanging column 82. The third lifting column 12 and the fourth lifting column 42 are connected to the lower rod of the second inclined beam 72. The second eaves column 22 and the second inner column 32 clamp and connect the lower and upper rods of the second inclined beam 72 and cantilever towards the middle of the ridge. The second inclined beam 72 extends from the end of the eaves to the ridge.

[0068] The bottoms of the first eaves column 21, the first inner column 31, the second eaves column 22, and the second inner column 32 are all fixed to the base 9.

[0069] The first hanging column 81 and the second hanging column 82 are connected. The first side column unit and the second side column unit, as well as the first side roof unit and the second side roof unit, are all mirror-symmetrical about the middle of the roof ridge.

[0070] Understandably, in terms of structural balance, the two side column units and the roof unit are arranged symmetrically about the middle of the ridge, and are connected to form a whole at the ridge by hanging columns. That is, the first hanging column 81 and the second hanging column 82 jointly clamp the inclined beam (the first inclined beam 71 and the second inclined beam 72) at the middle of the ridge and are connected as a whole, which enhances the lateral stiffness and overall stability of the structure. In terms of spatial performance, this scheme completely eliminates the division and obstruction of the interior space by the grounded columns in the ridge area of ​​the traditional mortise and tenon structure through the zero-ground column layout of the single-frame roof ridge and the surrounding area. The lever-type internal cantilever structure allows the single-frame to achieve stable load-bearing with only four grounded columns, creating a complete space with a high and open center without columns, which greatly improves the flexibility of space division and adaptability to use. While retaining the core feature of the traditional mortise and tenon structure, this invention achieves the dual benefits of structural simplification (substantially reducing the number of components) and performance improvement (significantly improving force transmission efficiency).

[0071] In one embodiment, such as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the first supporting column 11, the first eaves column 21, the first inner column 31, and the second supporting column 41 are arranged in parallel in the vertical direction at a first preset distance (which can be set according to requirements, such as 1500mm), and the first through beam 51 and the second through beam 61 are arranged in parallel in the horizontal direction.

[0072] The third supporting column 12, the second eaves column 22, the second inner column 32, and the fourth supporting column 42 are arranged in parallel intervals in the vertical direction, and the third through beam 52 and the fourth through beam 62 are arranged in parallel intervals in the horizontal direction.

[0073] Understandably, using lattice-connecting beam units as the connection method in the bay direction, these units, formed by combining small-section timber, create highly efficient integral load-bearing components with higher bending stiffness. This is a key factor in increasing the bay span, expanding it from the traditional 1500-2000mm to 4500-5000mm. This significantly reduces the number of planar structural units required for the same bay size, creating a more open interior space and greatly improving the flexibility of space utilization.

[0074] In addition, such as Figure 2 As shown, the first supporting column 11, the second supporting column 41, and the first inner column 31 of the first side column unit form a stable clamping effect on the first through beam 51, the second through beam 61, and the first inclined beam 71 from both the left and right sides. This multi-component collaborative working method effectively restricts the out-of-plane displacement and torsional deformation of the first inclined beam 71, thereby significantly improving the spatial stiffness of the entire structure and the out-of-plane stability of the planar structural unit. In addition, the main load-bearing components all use standardized timber with the same cross-section. This design not only simplifies the connection process between components during construction and reduces construction difficulty, but also effectively controls the cost of the overall structural system, achieving a dual optimization of economic benefits and structural performance. The second side column unit adopts the same structural design concept as the first side column unit, so it will not be repeated here.

[0075] In one embodiment, such as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, two adjacent planar structural units are connected by lattice connecting beam units and lattice diagonal brace units; the lattice connecting beam units include a first connecting beam 101, a second connecting beam 102, a third connecting beam 103, a fourth connecting beam 104, a fifth connecting beam 105, a sixth connecting beam 106, a seventh connecting beam 107, an eighth connecting beam 108, and a ninth connecting beam 109.

[0076] The second connecting beam 102 is installed on the top of two adjacent first eaves columns 21, and the eighth connecting beam 108 is installed on the top of two adjacent second eaves columns 22; the third connecting beam 103 is installed on the top of two adjacent first inner columns 31, and the seventh connecting beam 107 is installed on the top of two adjacent second inner columns 32; the fifth connecting beam 105 is installed between two adjacent first hanging columns 81 and two adjacent second hanging columns 82.

[0077] In one embodiment, such as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the first connecting beam 101 is installed between the side walls of two adjacent first inclined beams 71, and the connection point between the first connecting beam 101 and the lower rod of the first inclined beam 71, and the connection point between the first lifting column 11 and the lower rod of the first inclined beam 71 are arranged at the same point.

[0078] The fourth connecting beam 104 is installed between the side walls of two adjacent first inclined beams 71, and the connection point between the fourth connecting beam 104 and the lower rod of the first inclined beam 71, and the connection point between the second lifting column 41 and the lower rod of the first inclined beam 71 are arranged at the same point.

[0079] The ninth connecting beam 109 is installed between the side walls of two adjacent second inclined beams 72, and the connection point between the ninth connecting beam 109 and the lower rod of the second inclined beam 72 and the connection point between the third lifting column 12 and the lower rod of the second inclined beam 72 are arranged at the same point.

[0080] The sixth connecting beam 106 is installed between the side walls of two adjacent second inclined beams 72, and the connection point between the sixth connecting beam 106 and the lower rod of the second inclined beam 72 and the connection point between the fourth lifting column 42 and the lower rod of the second inclined beam 72 are arranged at the same point.

[0081] In one embodiment, such as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the cantilevered lattice building structure system derived from the traditional truss timber structure also includes a first outer eaves inclined beam 111 and a second outer eaves inclined beam 112. The first outer eaves inclined beam 111 is connected to the first connecting beam 101 and the second connecting beam 102 at the mid-span.

[0082] The second outer eaves inclined beam 112 is connected to the eighth connecting beam 108 and the ninth connecting beam 109 at the mid-span.

[0083] In one embodiment, such as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, a first purlin 113 is fixedly connected to the end of the first outer eaves beam 111 and to the adjacent first outer eaves beam 71; a second purlin 114 is fixedly connected to the end of the second outer eaves beam 112 and to the adjacent second outer eaves beam 72. Understandably, the first eaves column 21 and the first supporting column 11 are connected to the roof via a first purlin 113 with a cross-sectional diameter of approximately 150 mm. It is precisely the cross-sectional size of the first purlin 113 that limits the structure from achieving a larger span in the bay direction.

[0084] In one embodiment, such as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the lattice diagonal brace unit includes a first diagonal brace 115 and a second diagonal brace 116. The first diagonal brace 115 is installed between the upper and lower bars of the first diagonal beam 71, with one end close to the fifth connecting beam 105 and the other end close to the fourth connecting beam 104.

[0085] The second diagonal brace 116 is installed between the upper and lower bars of the second diagonal beam 72, with one end close to the fifth connecting beam 105 and the other end close to the sixth connecting beam 106.

[0086] Understandably, in the cantilevered area at the center of the ridge between two planar structural units, a first diagonal brace 115 and a second diagonal brace 116 (forming a V-shape) are installed, dividing the cantilevered area at the center of the ridge into a structurally stable triangle, connecting the two adjacent planar structural units together. This lattice diagonal brace unit (the second diagonal brace 116 and the first diagonal brace 115) operates under axial tension or compression, strengthening the weak points of this traditional structure, effectively constraining the relative displacement between the roof trusses, suppressing in-plane deformation, and significantly improving the overall lateral stiffness and stability.

[0087] like Figure 4 As shown, in a structure connecting multiple planar structural units, the first diagonal member 115 and the second diagonal member 116 exhibit a clever mirror-symmetric arrangement. Within the same planar structural unit, with its centerline as the axis of symmetry, the first diagonal member 115 is located on one side of the axis of symmetry, while the second diagonal member 116 is on the other side. In a structure connecting two adjacent planar structural units, with the inclined beam as the axis of symmetry, the first diagonal member 115 of each planar structural unit is arranged mirror-symmetrically about the inclined beam and their ends are connected; the second diagonal member 116 is similarly arranged. This mirror-symmetric arrangement, on the one hand, makes the structure more uniform and rational in terms of stress distribution. When the structure is subjected to external loads, the first diagonal member 115 and the second diagonal member 116 can work together symmetrically to jointly bear and transfer the load, effectively avoiding local structural damage caused by uneven stress distribution. On the other hand, it can enhance the overall stability and aesthetics of the overall structure.

[0088] like Figure 4 As shown, all the connecting beams (first connecting beam 101 to ninth connecting beam 109) replace the single solid purlins in the traditional truss structure with a lattice beam structure composed of upper and lower chords connected to the web 117. Moreover, the upper chord of each connecting beam has a significant overhang relative to the lower chord, forming a cantilevered upper chord structure. In windy and rainy weather, the cantilevered upper chord, combined with the roof system above it, can play a role similar to an eave, effectively blocking rainwater from directly eroding the building's gable wall, reducing the damage of rain to the building's gable wall, and improving the building's weather resistance.

[0089] Understandably, addressing the technical shortcomings of traditional solid timber structures—low material utilization and insufficient utilization of mechanical properties—this invention employs a lattice-structured component system for systematic reconstruction. This system uses the spatial combination of multiple small-section standard-sized timbers to form a hollow, high-efficiency load-bearing section with gaps, replacing traditional solid round or square timber components. With similar material usage, the lattice-structured components significantly increase the moment of inertia of the section by utilizing the principle of section unfolding, achieving an order-of-magnitude increase in bending stiffness. Simultaneously, the hollow structure greatly reduces the structural weight, achieving the dual goals of efficient material utilization and structural lightweighting.

[0090] For example, in this invention, all the columns (such as the first inner column and the second inner column) replace the single circular cross-section wooden column in the traditional truss structure with four small cross-section standardized square wooden columns. The four equal-section wooden columns are arranged at the four corners and maintain a certain distance to form a hollow cross-shaped four-limb lattice column structure. If any of the four wooden columns 211 is partially damaged, the single component can be replaced independently in a convenient and accurate manner, which greatly reduces the difficulty and cost of later maintenance. The net distance between the wooden columns 211 is determined based on the cross-sectional width of the transverse connecting beam and the inclined beam to achieve the connection and clamping of multi-directional components.

[0091] In this invention, all the supporting columns (such as the first supporting column 11 and the second supporting column 41) replace the single circular cross-section wooden column in the traditional truss structure with two small cross-section standardized square wooden single columns. The two wooden single columns with equal cross-sections are arranged in a straight line and maintain a certain distance to form a hollow straight-line double-limb lattice column structure. The net distance between the wooden columns is determined according to the width of the cross-section of the transversely passing beam to meet the requirements of the staggered overlap of the inclined beam and the cross-section.

[0092] In this invention, all connecting beams (first connecting beam 101 to ninth connecting beam 109) replace the single solid purlin in the traditional truss structure with a lattice beam structure composed of upper and lower chords and web 117. Through the collaborative working mechanism of chord bending and web 117 shearing, efficient use of materials and significant improvement in stiffness are achieved.

[0093] Furthermore, a significant improvement in structural performance is achieved through lattice design. Specifically, regarding the lattice columns, under the condition of similar material cross-sectional area (the cross-sectional area of ​​a traditional truss structure's cylindrical column is approximately 615.75 cm², while the total cross-sectional area of ​​the lattice columns in this invention is approximately 600 cm²), four 150 mm × 100 mm wooden columns are used in a lattice arrangement to replace the solid cylindrical columns with a diameter of 280 mm. Experimental verification shows that the bending stiffness of this lattice column is increased several times, with in-plane bending stiffness increasing by approximately 3.48 times and out-of-plane bending stiffness increasing by approximately 2.15 times. Regarding the lattice connecting beams, compared to the traditional truss structure, this technology increases the purlin spacing from 500 mm to 1500 mm, reducing the number of components within the same span from three purlins to one lattice connecting beam. Under the condition of similar material cross-sectional area (the former has a total cross-sectional area of ​​about 530 cm² for 3 purlins, and the latter has a total cross-sectional area of ​​about 550 cm² for 1 lattice beam), the bending stiffness of a single lattice connecting beam is about 18.5 times higher than that of a traditional single purlin, while significantly reducing the number of components and nodes.

[0094] Furthermore, it is understandable that the first inner column 31, the second inner column 32, the first hanging column 81 and the second hanging column 82 all adopt a four-limb lattice column structure, which forms a hollow cross-shaped cross section inside. This ensures that when the connecting beams and inclined beams (the first inclined beam 71 and the second inclined beam 72) pass through the hollow space of the lattice column from different directions, the cross section of the lattice column and each component is intact and undamaged (the component cross section has no additional openings other than the holes for the metal bolts 10).

[0095] The first supporting column 11, the second supporting column 41, the third supporting column 12, and the fourth supporting column 42 all adopt a double-limb lattice column structure. The hollow space formed inside is a straight section, which can ensure that when the inclined beams (first inclined beam 71 and second inclined beam 72) and each through beam pass through the hollow space of the lattice column from different directions, the cross section of the lattice column and each component is not affected (not cut).

[0096] Each connecting beam (first connecting beam 101 to ninth connecting beam 109) and the inclined beams (first inclined beam 71 and second inclined beam 72) employs lattice members with upper and lower bars connected to multiple webs, achieving vertical intersection and hollow continuity between members. Members can pass through the hollow gaps vertically, ensuring that the cross-sections of each member are not cut. This design of uniform cross-section continuity among the aforementioned members avoids the problem of localized section strength weakening caused by openings in traditional mortise and tenon connections, significantly improving the overall mechanical performance and durability of the structure.

[0097] In one embodiment, such as Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, at the connection between the first lifting column 11 and the first through beam 51, and at the connection between the third lifting column 12 and the third through beam 52, the components are fixedly overlapped using a first type of node A. Specifically, multiple related components are anchored at the first type of node A using a single oblique metal bolt 10, with the oblique metal bolt 10 at approximately 25–35° to the normal to the insertion plane. All connections in this system that fall into this category can be made using this first type of node A. Thus, multiple components are connected at a single connection point using a single oblique metal bolt 10 to form a rigid connection, achieving a rigid connection between multiple components without rotation between them.

[0098] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, in the first connecting beam 101 to the ninth connecting beam 109, the upper and lower members of each connecting beam are fixedly overlapped with the web plate 117 at their connection points via a second type of node B. Specifically, each connecting beam and the web plate 117 are stacked and connected in the same direction, and multiple related members are anchored by a single diagonal metal bolt 10 to form a rigid connection. All connections in this system that fall into this category can be connected using this second type of node B.

[0099] like Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, at the connection points of the first outer eaves inclined beam 111 with the first connecting beam 101 and the second connecting beam 102, they are all fixedly overlapped by a third type of node C. Specifically, this type involves two directional components connected by a transition member, and multiple main components and transition members are anchored by a single metal bolt 10 (which is oblique relative to the outer eaves inclined beam). All connections in this system that fall into this category can be connected using this third type of node C.

[0100] In one embodiment, such as Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, the first eaves column 21, the first inner column 31, the second eaves column 22, and the second inner column 32 are each composed of four single columns 211. Each single column 211 is fixedly connected by a first type of composite node D, which is composed of multiple first type of nodes A. Specifically, inside the cross-shaped hollow lattice column, a gusset plate is placed along the X-axis, and two pairs of wooden single columns 211 are connected to the gusset plate through a basic node 1 method; then, at a certain height above, a second gusset plate is overlapped along the Y-axis, and two pairs of wooden single columns 211 are connected to the gusset plate through a basic node 1 method; the first type of composite node D is a combination of multiple basic node types 1, with a total of 4 oblique metal bolts 10.

[0101] like Figure 13 and Figure 14 As shown, at the junctions of two adjacent first diagonal braces 115 and first diagonal beams 71, a second type of composite node E is used for fixed connection. The second type of composite node E is composed of first type node A and second type node B. Specifically, the upper part of one diagonal brace, the lower part of another diagonal brace, and the upper and lower parts of the diagonal beam are connected by first type node A; while the upper and lower parts of each diagonal brace are connected by second type node B, forming a single integral diagonal beam.

[0102] like Figure 15 and Figure 16As shown, at the junction of the fifth connecting beam 105, the first hanging column 81, the second hanging column 82, the first inclined beam 71, and the second inclined beam 72, a third type of composite node F is used for fixed connection. The third type of composite node F consists of the first type of node A, the second type of node B, and the third type of node C. Specifically, the upper and lower members of each lattice connecting beam are connected to the web plate 117 using the second type of node B, forming an integral lattice connecting beam. The lattice connecting beam and the inclined beam are connected by pads (as transition members) using the third type of node C connection method, with a total of 4 metal bolts 10. The connection between the two inclined beams and the four-limb lattice hanging columns uses the second type of node B connection method, with a total of 4 diagonal metal bolts 10. This composite node 3 is composed of 2 basic node types 2, 4 basic node types 3, and 4 combinations of the first type of node A. The force transmission method is roof load → connecting beam → inclined beam.

[0103] In one embodiment, such as Figures 1 to 10 As shown, the first type of node A, the second type of node B, the third type of node C, the first type of composite node D, the second type of composite node E, and the third type of composite node F are all filled with an epoxy resin adhesive layer. Understandably, this epoxy resin adhesive layer plays three key roles: firstly, it fills the gap between the wood and the bolt, ensuring uniform load distribution and effectively avoiding stress concentration; secondly, after curing, it forms a rigid interface, significantly enhancing the integrity and rigidity of the node; and thirdly, it blocks moisture penetration, inhibiting the adverse effects of wood swelling and shrinking on the long-term performance of the node.

[0104] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and should all be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cantilevered lattice building structure system derived from traditional truss timber structure, characterized in that, The cantilevered lattice building structure system is composed of multiple planar structural units connected in the bay direction by lattice connecting beam units and lattice diagonal brace units; a single planar structural unit includes a first side column unit, a second side column unit, a first side roof unit, a second side roof unit and a base (9). The first side column unit includes a first supporting column (11), a first eaves column (21), a first inner column (31), a second supporting column (41), a first through beam (51), and a second through beam (61); wherein, the first through beam (51) intersects with the first supporting column (11), the first eaves column (21), and the first inner column (31) to form a fixed connection point, and cantilevered to one side towards the eaves; the second through beam (61) intersects with the first eaves column (21), the first inner column (31), and the second supporting column (41) to form a fixed connection point, and cantilevered to one side towards the middle of the span; The second side column unit includes a third supporting column (12), a second eaves column (22), a second inner column (32), a fourth supporting column (42), a third through beam (52), and a fourth through beam (62); wherein, the third through beam (52) intersects with the third supporting column (12), the second eaves column (22), and the second inner column (32) to form a fixed connection point, and cantilevered to one side towards the eaves; the fourth through beam (62) intersects with the second eaves column (22), the second inner column (32), and the fourth supporting column (42) to form a fixed connection point, and cantilevered to one side towards the middle of the span; The first side roof unit includes a first inclined beam (71) and a first hanging column (81). The first lifting column (11) and the second lifting column (41) are connected to the lower rod of the first inclined beam (71). The first eaves column (21) and the first inner column (31) clamp and connect the lower rod and the upper rod of the first inclined beam (71) and cantilever to the middle of the ridge. The second side roof unit includes a second inclined beam (72) and a second hanging column (82). The third lifting column (12) and the fourth lifting column (42) are connected to the lower rod of the second inclined beam (72). The second eaves column (22) and the second inner column (32) clamp and connect the lower rod and the upper rod of the second inclined beam (72) and cantilever to the middle of the ridge. The bottoms of the first eaves column (21), the first inner column (31), the second eaves column (22), and the second inner column (32) are all fixed to the base (9); The first hanging column (81) and the second hanging column (82) are connected. The first side column unit and the second side column unit, as well as the first side roof unit and the second side roof unit, are mirror-symmetrical about the middle of the ridge.

2. The cantilevered lattice building structure system derived from traditional truss timber structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first supporting column (11), the first eaves column (21), the first inner column (31), and the second supporting column (41) are arranged in parallel at a first preset distance in the vertical direction, and the first through beam (51) and the second through beam (61) are arranged in parallel at intervals in the horizontal direction. The third supporting column (12), the second eaves column (22), the second inner column (32), and the fourth supporting column (42) are arranged in parallel intervals in the vertical direction, and the third through beam (52) and the fourth through beam (62) are arranged in parallel intervals in the horizontal direction.

3. The cantilevered lattice building structure system derived from traditional truss timber structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, Two adjacent planar structural units are connected by lattice connecting beam units and lattice diagonal brace units; the lattice connecting beam units include a first connecting beam (101), a second connecting beam (102), a third connecting beam (103), a fourth connecting beam (104), a fifth connecting beam (105), a sixth connecting beam (106), a seventh connecting beam (107), an eighth connecting beam (108), and a ninth connecting beam (109); The second connecting beam (102) is installed on the top of two adjacent first eaves columns (21), the eighth connecting beam (108) is installed on the top of two adjacent second eaves columns (22); the third connecting beam (103) is installed on the top of two adjacent first inner columns (31), the seventh connecting beam (107) is installed on the top of two adjacent second inner columns (32); the fifth connecting beam (105) is installed between two adjacent first hanging columns (81) and two adjacent second hanging columns (82).

4. The cantilevered lattice building structure system derived from traditional truss timber structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first connecting beam (101) is installed between the side walls of two adjacent first inclined beams (71), and the connection point between the first connecting beam (101) and the lower rod of the first inclined beam (71) and the connection point between the first lifting column (11) and the lower rod of the first inclined beam (71) are arranged at the same point; The fourth connecting beam (104) is installed between the side walls of two adjacent first inclined beams (71), and the connection point of the fourth connecting beam (104) with the lower rod of the first inclined beam (71) and the connection point of the second lifting column (41) with the lower rod of the first inclined beam (71) are arranged at the same point; The ninth connecting beam (109) is installed between the side walls of two adjacent second inclined beams (72), and the connection point between the ninth connecting beam (109) and the lower rod of the second inclined beam (72) and the connection point between the third lifting column (12) and the lower rod of the second inclined beam (72) are arranged at the same point; The sixth connecting beam (106) is installed between the side walls of two adjacent second inclined beams (72), and the connection point between the sixth connecting beam (106) and the lower rod of the second inclined beam (72) and the connection point between the fourth lifting column (42) and the lower rod of the second inclined beam (72) are arranged at the same point.

5. The cantilevered lattice building structure system derived from traditional truss timber structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes a first outer eaves inclined beam (111) and a second outer eaves inclined beam (112), wherein the first outer eaves inclined beam (111) is connected to the first connecting beam (101) and the second connecting beam (102) at the mid-span; The second outer eaves inclined beam (112) is connected to the eighth connecting beam (108) and the ninth connecting beam (109) at the mid-span.

6. The cantilevered lattice building structure system derived from traditional truss timber structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, A first purlin (113) is fixedly connected between the end of the first outer eaves inclined beam (111) and the adjacent first inclined beam (71); a second purlin (114) is fixedly connected between the end of the second outer eaves inclined beam (112) and the adjacent second inclined beam (72).

7. The cantilevered lattice building structure system derived from traditional truss timber structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The lattice diagonal brace unit includes a first diagonal brace (115) and a second diagonal brace (116). The first diagonal brace (115) is installed between the upper and lower bars of the first diagonal beam (71), with one end close to the fifth connecting beam (105) and the other end close to the fourth connecting beam (104). The second diagonal bar (116) is installed between the upper and lower bars of the second diagonal beam (72), with one end close to the fifth connecting beam (105) and the other end close to the sixth connecting beam (106).

8. The cantilevered lattice building structure system derived from traditional truss timber structure according to claim 7, characterized in that, At the connection between the first lifting column (11) and the first through beam (51), and at the connection between the third lifting column (12) and the third through beam (52), they are all fixedly overlapped by the first type of node A; In the first connecting beam (101) to the ninth connecting beam (109), the connection between the upper and lower rods of each connecting beam and the web plate (117) is fixedly overlapped by a second type of node B; At the connection points of the first outer eaves inclined beam (111) with the first connecting beam (101) and the second connecting beam (102), they are all fixedly overlapped by a third type of node C.

9. The cantilevered lattice building structure system derived from traditional truss timber structure according to claim 8, characterized in that, The first eaves column (21), the first inner column (31), the second eaves column (22) and the second inner column (32) are all composed of four single columns (211), and each single column (211) is fixedly connected by a first type of composite node D. The first type of composite node D is composed of multiple first type of nodes A. At the junction of two adjacent first diagonal bars (115) and the first diagonal beam (71), they are fixedly connected by a second type of composite node E, which is composed of the first type of node A and the second type of node B; At the junction of the fifth connecting beam (105), the first hanging column (81), the second hanging column (82), the first inclined beam (71) and the second inclined beam (72), a third type of composite node F is used for fixed connection. The third type of composite node F is composed of the first type of node A, the second type of node B and the third type of node C.

10. The cantilevered lattice building structure system derived from traditional truss timber structure according to claim 9, characterized in that, The first type of node A, the second type of node B, the third type of node C, the first type of composite node D, the second type of composite node E, and the third type of composite node F are all filled with epoxy resin adhesive layers.

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