Pipe string centering thread protection mechanism of automatic make and break device and assembling method thereof

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of oil and gas well pressure operation equipment design, and particularly relates to a pipe string centering thread protection mechanism of an automatic make and break device and an assembling method thereof, comprising a mounting beam, an opening and closing driving mechanism and a centering mechanism; the centering mechanism comprises two symmetrical centering assemblies, and each centering assembly comprises a cantilever and a pipe centering body; one end of the cantilever is rotationally connected with the mounting beam, and the other end of the cantilever is fixedly connected with the pipe centering body; the opening and closing driving mechanism is mounted on the mounting beam and movably connected with the centering mechanism, and is used for driving the two centering assemblies to synchronously open and close, so that the pipe centering bodies of the two centering assemblies are matched with each other to center the operating oil pipe. The technical scheme has the characteristics of precise synchronous centering, thread protection, flexible installation, stable transmission and efficient driving, and has significant improvement compared with the prior art, and has important significance for improving the quality and safety of oil and gas field pressure operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of oil and gas well pressurized operation equipment design technology, and particularly relates to a pipe string alignment thread protection mechanism and its assembly method for an automatic uncoupling device. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of oil and gas field development, live-line operations have always been an extremely challenging task. Their high risk and complexity make every step of the process crucial. Traditional live-line operation methods have many drawbacks. When operators work directly on the wellhead platform, the floating pulley of the live-line machine is difficult to align precisely with the wellbore. This causes the tubing to deviate from its stable position in the center of the wellbore during tripping, increasing the risk of collision between the tubing and the wellbore wall, and severely impacting the accuracy and safety of the operation.

[0003] When operating hydraulic pipe wrenches, the process of extending and engaging / disengaging them is not always smooth. Because the position of the hydraulic pipe is not fixed and its height varies at different stages of the operation, the height of the pipe wrench needs to be carefully adjusted each time an engagement / disengagement operation is performed. This undoubtedly consumes a significant amount of manpower and time, reducing overall operational efficiency.

[0004] The process of using a robotic arm to lower the tubing string into the well presents numerous challenges. The tubing string itself has a certain length, and the robotic arm can only grasp one end, leading to instability at the other end during lowering. To ensure accurate connection with the already lowered tubing string, manual assistance is needed to locate the connecting threads. However, manual operation has inherent limitations; human hand strength and stability are limited. When hundreds of tubing strings are being pulled in or out, accumulated errors and instabilities significantly impact the efficiency of the process. This reduced efficiency not only means longer operation time but, more importantly, introduces significant uncertainty to the continuity and accuracy of automated tubing pulling. For example, frequent manual assistance can lead to inaccurate tubing string docking positions or excessively long docking times, potentially causing a series of safety hazards and a decline in operational quality.

[0005] Against this backdrop, utility model patent CN202022210491.6 emerged, featuring an automatic tubing alignment platform designed to solve some of the problems in traditional operating methods. The platform mainly consists of a control platform, a coupling device, pneumatic slips, a self-sealing wellhead, and a robotic arm. The control platform, as the foundational structure for the entire operation, has a specially designed operating hole at its center, allowing the wellhead to be positioned below it, thus providing spatial convenience for subsequent operations. The coupling device is slidably connected to the control platform, with its sliding direction pointing towards the operating hole. This design facilitates precise positional adjustments during tubing string docking. The pneumatic slips are detachably connected within the operating hole and coaxial with the wellhead, effectively fixing and positioning the tubing string, preventing unnecessary shaking and displacement during operation. The bottom of the self-sealing wellhead sealer is detachably connected to the top of the wellhead, while the top connects to the bottom of the pneumatic slips. It plays a crucial role in sealing the wellhead within the entire operating system, preventing oil and gas leaks and ensuring a safe working environment. The robotic arm is mounted on the operating platform and equipped with a robotic hand. Through precise control of the robotic arm, the robotic hand can flexibly grasp the tubing and perform initial alignment operations. This significantly reduces the risks associated with direct manual operation and improves the level of automation in the operation.

[0006] However, the alignment methods employed in the aforementioned existing patent technology documents are not without their flaws. They utilize independent mechanisms moving towards the center in three independent directions to align the tubing string. In practice, after the wellhead is secured with slips at the coupling of the lowered tubing string, the tubing descends from the top and receives driving forces from three directions for alignment. Because these three driving forces are independent and do not form an organic, coordinated system, even the slightest asynchrony among the three driving devices during operation can lead to insufficient alignment precision. This imprecise alignment can trigger a series of subsequent problems, such as loose tubing connections and reduced sealing performance, thereby affecting the quality and safety of live-line operations in the oil and gas field and posing new challenges for further optimization of live-line operation technology. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of the existing technology by proposing an automatic pipe string alignment thread protection mechanism for an automatic press-type pipe string alignment mechanism that can move synchronously to the center for alignment and also protect the threads.

[0008] The above objectives are achieved through the following technical solutions: An automatic coupling / uncoupling device with a thread protection mechanism for pipe string alignment includes a mounting beam, an opening / closing drive mechanism, and an alignment mechanism. The alignment mechanism comprises two symmetrical alignment components, each including a cantilever and a pipe alignment body. One end of the cantilever is rotatably connected to the mounting beam, and the other end is fixedly connected to the pipe alignment body. The opening / closing drive mechanism is mounted on the mounting beam and movably connected to the alignment mechanism, driving the two alignment components to open and close synchronously, allowing the pipe alignment bodies of the two alignment components to cooperate and align the working oil pipe.

[0009] Preferably, the pipe fitting centering body includes a semi-ring seat, and the top of the semi-ring seat is coaxially fixed with an upward-facing semi-ring centering flared mouth; after the two centering components are combined, the semi-ring seats of the two pipe fitting centering bodies are combined to form a closed ring seat, and the semi-ring centering flared mouths of the two pipe fitting centering bodies are combined to form a closed centering flared mouth.

[0010] Preferably, the semi-ring seat includes a ring seat body, on which an anti-collision layer is provided, and the cantilever is fixedly connected to the ring seat body.

[0011] Preferably, the mounting beam has beam connection structures at both ends, and the beam connection structures include connection holes and pre-tightening screws; a pre-tightening notch is provided on one side of the connection hole, and a pre-tightening screw hole is provided at the end of the mounting beam perpendicularly penetrating the pre-tightening notch; the pre-tightening screws cooperate with the pre-tightening screw holes to adjust the size of the connection holes.

[0012] Preferably, the cantilever is movably connected to the mounting beam via a gear unit; the opening and closing drive mechanism is a gear drive mechanism that meshes with the gear unit.

[0013] Preferably, the gear unit includes a swivel assembly and a gear assembly. The gear assembly includes a first lower gear and a second lower gear that are cantilevered and fixedly connected to the two centering assemblies, respectively. The first lower gear and the second lower gear mesh with each other and are rotatably connected to the mounting beam through the swivel assembly. A main drive gear is coaxially fixedly connected to the first lower gear or the second lower gear through the swivel assembly, and the main drive gear meshes with the gear drive mechanism.

[0014] Preferably, the screw-on assembly includes a bearing component, a bolt component, and a nut component. The bearing component is embedded through the mounting beam. The bolt component passes coaxially through the bolt component and cooperates with the nut component to connect the gear assembly.

[0015] Preferably, the gear drive mechanism includes a slide bracket, a slider, a hydraulic cylinder, and a connecting assembly; the slide bracket is provided with a linear guide groove, and the slider is slidably connected to the slide bracket through the linear guide groove; the hydraulic cylinder is mounted on the slide bracket and is arranged parallel to the linear guide groove, the actuating rod of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the slider through the connecting assembly, and a rack structure that meshes with the gear unit is fixedly connected to the slider.

[0016] Preferably, the bottom of the linear guide groove is provided with a linear waist hole, and the hydraulic cylinder is installed on the back of the slide bracket; one end of the connecting component is connected to the actuating rod of the hydraulic cylinder, and the other end passes through the linear waist hole and is connected to the slider.

[0017] A method for assembling a pipe string alignment thread protection mechanism includes the following steps: S1, Prepare the mechanism components, including the mounting beam, two centering assemblies and the opening and closing drive mechanism; S2, Install the centering mechanism, including symmetrically installing two centering components in the middle of the mounting beam; S3, Install the opening and closing drive mechanism, including mounting the opening and closing drive mechanism on the mounting beam and movably connecting the opening and closing drive mechanism with the centering mechanism to support the opening and closing drive of the two centering components; S4, Installation and Use, including connecting the two ends of the mounting beam to the vertical mounting bracket of the automatic buckle device.

[0018] Preferably, in step S2, installing the alignment mechanism includes the following steps: S21, corresponding to the exact center of the mounting beam, two bearing components are symmetrically embedded through the mounting beam; S22, the gear unit is installed at the ends of the two centering components; S23 connects the gear unit, along with two centering components and two bearing components, through the cooperation of bolts and nuts.

[0019] Preferably, in step S3, installing the opening and closing drive mechanism includes the following steps: S31, the slider connected to the rack structure is installed in the slide bracket of the slide bracket; S32, under the condition that the rack structure is engaged with the gear unit, the slide bracket is fixed to the mounting beam; S33, the actuator of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the back of the slide bracket; S34, after passing the connecting component through the straight groove at the bottom of the slide bracket, connect one end of the connecting component to the actuating rod of the hydraulic cylinder and the other end to the slider.

[0020] Preferably, in step S1, preparing the installation beam includes: machining beam connection structures at both ends of the installation, including connection holes, pre-tightening notches, pre-tightening screw holes, and pre-tightening screws.

[0021] Preferably, in step S4, the installation and use includes the following steps: S41, pass the two rear support rods of the vertical mounting bracket through the connection holes at both ends of the mounting beam; S42, Adjust the position of the mounting beam on the vertical mounting bracket; S43, screw a preload screw into the preload screw hole at one end of the mounting beam to adjust the width of the preload notch so that the corresponding connection hole tightly wraps the corresponding rear support rod; S44, repeat step S43 to make the connection hole at the other end of the mounting beam tightly wrap around the other rear support rod.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1) Precise Synchronous Alignment: Existing patented technologies in the background use independent mechanisms that move towards the center in three directions to align the tubing string. This results in insufficiently precise alignment due to the separation and asynchrony of the driving forces, potentially leading to loose tubing connections and reduced sealing performance. The tubing string alignment thread protection mechanism of the automatic uncoupling device proposed in this invention, by setting up an alignment mechanism including two symmetrical alignment components, and driving the two alignment components to open and close synchronously by an opening and closing drive mechanism, can move towards the center completely synchronously for alignment. This effectively avoids inaccurate alignment caused by asynchrony, better ensuring the tightness and sealing performance of the tubing string connection, thereby improving the quality and safety of pressurized operations in oil and gas fields.

[0023] 2) Targeted Thread Protection Design: This invention features a unique design in the pipe alignment body of the alignment mechanism, which includes a semi-ring seat. The top of the semi-ring seat has an upward-facing semi-ring alignment flared opening coaxially fixed. The two alignment components, when combined, form a closed ring seat and a closed alignment flared opening. Compared to traditional methods and existing patented technologies that do not mention a dedicated thread protection structure, this structure provides a certain degree of protection for the threads during alignment operations, reducing the risk of thread damage and helping to maintain the integrity and reliability of the pipe connection.

[0024] 3) Flexible mounting beam connection structure: The mounting beam of this invention has a beam connection structure at both ends, including a connecting hole and a pre-tightening screw. A pre-tightening notch is provided on one side of the connecting hole, and a pre-tightening screw hole is provided at the end of the mounting beam, perpendicularly penetrating the pre-tightening notch. The size of the connecting hole can be adjusted by the cooperation of the pre-tightening screw and the pre-tightening screw hole, so that when the mounting beam is connected to the vertical mounting bracket of the automatic up-and-down buckle device, it can better adapt to support rods of different sizes and specifications, improving the flexibility and adaptability of the entire mechanism for installation on different equipment. Similar connection structure designs with flexible adjustment functions are not mentioned in the background art.

[0025] 4. Stable Gear Transmission System: This invention employs gear units to achieve the movable connection between the centering assembly and the mounting beam. The gear assembly includes a first lower gear and a second lower gear that mesh with each other, and are rotatably connected to the mounting beam via rotating components. A main drive gear meshes with the opening and closing drive mechanism (gear drive mechanism). Compared to drive transmission methods not detailed in the background art, this gear transmission method provides more stable and precise power transmission, ensuring the accuracy of the synchronous opening and closing actions of the two centering components, which is beneficial for achieving precise centering operations.

[0026] 5) Highly efficient gear drive mechanism design: The gear drive mechanism of this invention includes a slide rail support, a slider, a hydraulic cylinder, and connecting components. The hydraulic cylinder pushes the slider, and the rack structure on the slider meshes with the gear unit to drive the centering component to open and close. Its structural design is reasonable, and all components work together to efficiently convert hydraulic power into the opening and closing action of the centering component. Compared with the drive mechanism design not mentioned in the background art, this highly efficient design can further improve work efficiency.

[0027] 6. Detailed and Standardized Assembly Process: This invention provides a detailed assembly method for a pipe string alignment thread protection mechanism, including a series of steps from preparing the mechanism components to installing the alignment mechanism, the opening and closing drive mechanism, and finally, installation and use. Each major step is further subdivided into specific operational procedures. This contrasts with the lack of detailed assembly methods in the background art, making the installation process of the mechanism of this invention systematic and easy for operators to complete accurately and quickly, reducing equipment operation problems caused by improper assembly, and thus ensuring the smooth progress of operations. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the first axial side structure of the pipe string alignment thread protection mechanism; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the second axial side structure of the pipe string alignment thread protection mechanism; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of a pipe string alignment thread protection mechanism; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of an automatic buckle-on / off device.

[0029] In the picture: 1. Linear oblong hole; 2. Hydraulic cylinder; 2.1 Actuating cylinder; 2.2 Actuating rod; 3. Slide bracket; 4. Linear guide groove; 5. Slider; 6. Rack structure; 7. Bearing components; 8. Bolt components; 9. Nut components; 10. First lower gear; 11. Second lower gear; 12. Main drive gear; 13. Connecting hole; 14. Preload notch; 15. Preload screw hole; 16. Preload screw; 17. Ring seat body; 18. 19. Anti-collision layer; 20. Semi-circular centered flared mouth; 21. Connecting assembly; 22. Cantilever; 23. Mounting beam; 24. Mounting sheet metal; 25. Switch protective sleeve; 26. Positioning switch; 27. Support; 28. U-shaped frame; 29. ​​Roller; 30. Baffle structure; 31. Left sliding plate; 32. Right sliding rack structure; 33. Left sliding rack structure; 34. Gear components; 35. Guide rail components; 36. 37. Backplate; 38. Connecting sleeve; 39. Lower support spring; 40. Upper buffer spring; 41. Support arm; 42. Floating stop; 43. Mounting upright plate; 44. Upright plate back support; 45. Vertical guide rail; 46. Floating plate; 47. Guide slide plate; 48. Front auxiliary short rod; 49. Rear support long rod; 50. Horizontal connecting rod; 51. Mounting plate; 52. Reducer II; 53. Front and rear drive motors; 54. Wear-resistant strip; 55. Anti-collision rubber pad; 56. Flat plate; 57. Horizontal slide rail; 58. Guide slider; 59. Reducer I; 60. Lifting drive motor; 61. Vertical rack unit; 62. Hollow frame; 63. Mounting base plate; 64. Sensor detection device; 65. Induction device; 66. Load-bearing beam; 67. Electrical control box; 68. Lower hydraulic pipe wrench seat; 69. Upper hydraulic pipe wrench; 60. Horizontal cable chain assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the invention clearer, the technical solution of the invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of the invention, but not all embodiments.

[0031] Therefore, the following detailed description of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0032] Example 1 Live-line operations are a high-risk and complex task in oil and gas field development. Traditional live-line operations require operators to stand directly on the wellhead platform. Because the floating pulley of the live-line machine cannot be directly aligned with the wellbore, the tubing does not move up and down in the center of the wellbore during the tripping process. In addition, the height of the tubing wrench needs to be adjusted when extending and re-engaging the couplings. Furthermore, when using a robotic arm to lower the tubing string into the well, because the tubing string has a certain length, the robotic arm only grasps one end, so manual assistance is required to locate the lowered tubing string during the lowering process. The connection threads of the tubing string are inserted, but because manual handling of the tubing string is not entirely stable, when hundreds of tubing strings are being pulled in and out, it will seriously affect the efficiency of the tubing pulling and running, and bring great uncertainty to the automatic tubing pulling and running. Therefore, during the process of running in, the lower thread of the tubing string held by the upper robotic arm may hit the upper shoulder of the coupling, and damage the thread of the upper tubing string to be run in and the sealing shoulder of the upper end of the tubing string already in the well, resulting in poor sealing. Even if the entire upper and lower robotic arm is used for running in, the upper and lower ends may not be completely aligned, resulting in inaccurate alignment and thus damaging the sealing effect.

[0033] Based on this, this embodiment discloses a thread protection mechanism for the alignment of pipe strings in an automatic uncoupling device. As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in practical applications, such as... Figure 4The diagram shows the installation of a pipe string alignment thread protection mechanism in an automatic coupling / uncoupling device. The automatic coupling / uncoupling device includes a pipe clamping and straightening mechanism, a floating mechanism, a vertical mounting bracket, a coupling / uncoupling mechanism, a front-to-back control mechanism, a lifting base mechanism, and an electrical control box 66. The pipe clamping and straightening mechanism, the front-to-back control mechanism, and the lifting base mechanism are electrically connected to the electrical control box 66. The lifting base mechanism is equipped with a longitudinal cable chain assembly and a transverse cable chain assembly 69. The pipe clamping and straightening mechanism includes a mounting sheet metal 23, a switch protective sleeve 24, a positioning switch 25, a support 26, a U-shaped frame 27, a roller 28, a baffle structure 29, a left sliding plate 30, a right-moving rack structure 31, a right-moving sliding plate 32, a left-moving rack structure 33, gear components 34, guide rail components 35, a mounting back plate 36, and a connecting sleeve 37. The floating mechanism includes a central rod, a lower support spring 38, an upper buffer spring 39, a support cylinder arm 40, a spring top seat, a floating block 41, a mounting plate 42, a plate back support 43, a vertical guide rail 44, a floating plate 45, and a guide slide plate 46. The vertical mounting bracket includes a front auxiliary short rod 47, a rear support long rod 48, a transverse connecting rod 49, a mounting plate 50, and a load-bearing beam 65. The upper buckle mechanism includes a lower hydraulic pipe clamp seat 67, an upper hydraulic pipe clamp 68, and a sensing device 64. The front and rear control movement mechanism includes a reducer II 51, front and rear drive motors 52, a gear unit I, a transverse rack unit, a wear-resistant strip 53, an anti-collision pad 54, a flat plate 55, a transverse slide rail 56, and a guide slider 57. The lifting base mechanism includes a reducer I 58, a lifting drive motor 59, a vertical rack unit 60, a hollow frame 61, and a mounting base plate 62. In addition, multiple sensor detection devices 63 are installed on the automatic buckle loading and unloading device.

[0034] Based on this, the pipe string alignment thread protection mechanism is installed on the rear support rod 48 of the automatic uncoupling device. Thus, when the well site lifting manipulator places the working tubing in the middle of the pipe clamp straightening mechanism, the pipe clamp straightening mechanism initially straightens and positions the working tubing, causing it to fall into the lateral range of the uncoupling mechanism. The well site lifting manipulator continues to lower the working tubing until it reaches the vertical range of the uncoupling mechanism. The electrical control box controls the operation of the lifting base mechanism and the front and rear control mechanisms to adjust the spatial position of the uncoupling mechanism on the vertical mounting bracket, ensuring that the upper hydraulic pipe clamp 68 is coaxial with the working tubing. During this period, the sensing device 64 locates the joint clamp position. When the tubing is aligned, the pipe string alignment thread protection mechanism guides the working tubing in, protecting the female thread and preventing damage to the threads and sealing surfaces. Furthermore, the working tubing is aligned using the well site lifting manipulator and the pipe clamp straightening mechanism. As the tubing descends, the female thread is screwed into the male thread and protected, preventing damage to the threads. After alignment, the upper hydraulic pipe wrench 68 is engaged to re-align the tubing. During this re-alignment, a sensor 64 detects any misalignment. Once re-aligned, the upper hydraulic pipe wrench 68 and the pipe clamp straightening mechanism are released. The electrical control box then controls the lifting base mechanism and the forward / backward movement mechanism, disengaging the uncoupling mechanism from the working tubing. In the aforementioned process, the pipe clamp straightening mechanism works in conjunction with the on-site lifting manipulator to perform coarse alignment of the working tubing, while the pipe thread protection mechanism provides fine alignment. The two mechanisms work together to achieve precise alignment. The floating mechanism compensates for the descent of the upper hydraulic pipe wrench 68 as it is tightened during operation.

[0035] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, the pipe string alignment thread protection mechanism includes a mounting beam 22, an opening / closing drive mechanism, and an alignment mechanism. The alignment mechanism includes two symmetrical alignment components, each comprising a cantilever 21 and a pipe alignment body. One end of the cantilever 21 is rotatably connected to the mounting beam 22, and the other end is fixedly connected to the pipe alignment body. The opening / closing drive mechanism is mounted on the mounting beam 22 and movably connected to the alignment mechanism. It drives the two alignment components to open and close synchronously, allowing the pipe alignment bodies of the two alignment components to cooperate and align the working oil pipe.

[0036] Mounting beam 22 serves as the mounting base for the entire pipe string alignment thread protection mechanism. It possesses sufficient strength and rigidity to support the opening / closing drive mechanism and the alignment mechanism. Its shape and size are designed to fit the rear support rod 48 of the automatic add / drop device, ensuring secure installation and accurate positioning. It is typically made of metal, such as steel beams, and the surface may be treated with rust prevention to withstand the harsh working environment of the well site.

[0037] The opening and closing drive mechanism can be electrically or hydraulically driven. For example, when electrically driven, it may include components such as a motor, reducer, transmission chain, or gears. The motor provides power, and after the reducer adjusts the speed and torque, it drives the relevant components of the centering mechanism through the transmission chain or gears, thus realizing the opening and closing action of the centering assembly. If hydraulically driven, a hydraulic pump provides high-pressure oil to drive the hydraulic cylinder 2 to extend and retract, thereby pushing the centering assembly. The connection to the centering mechanism is usually mechanical, such as being connected to the cantilever 21 of the centering assembly via a connecting rod or rocker arm, so that when the drive mechanism moves, power can be precisely transmitted to the cantilever 21, achieving synchronous opening and closing of the centering assembly.

[0038] The cantilever 21 is generally a slender rod-like structure, with one end connected to the mounting beam 22 via a hinge or pin. This connection method ensures that the cantilever 21 can rotate flexibly around the connection point. The length of the cantilever 21 is determined according to the size range of the pipe string and the alignment accuracy requirements. It is mostly made of high-strength alloy steel to withstand various forces during operation.

[0039] The alignment body of the fitting is shaped to match the outer contour of the working tubing, commonly featuring an arc or semi-circular structure. The inner wall is typically made of a wear-resistant material that protects the tubing surface, such as rubber or a polyurethane coating, to prevent scratching the tubing during alignment. The alignment body is securely connected to the cantilever 21 using welding, bolting, or integral molding to ensure no relative displacement occurs during operation.

[0040] Based on the above structure, the working principle of the pipe string alignment thread protection mechanism is as follows: After the working tubing is placed in the middle of the tubing clamping and positioning mechanism by the well site lifting manipulator and initially positioned, the tubing string alignment thread protection mechanism starts to work as the well site lifting manipulator continues to lower the working tubing.

[0041] The electrical control box activates the opening and closing drive mechanism according to a preset program or sensor feedback signal. The drive mechanism actuates, driving the two cantilever arms 21 of the centering mechanism to rotate around the connection point on the mounting beam 22 via transmission components. Because the two centering components are symmetrically arranged, under the action of the opening and closing drive mechanism, the two cantilever arms 21 drive their respective pipe centering bodies to move towards or away from each other.

[0042] When the working tubing enters the working area of ​​the pipe string alignment thread protection mechanism, the alignment bodies of the two alignment components approach each other under the drive of the drive mechanism, gradually encircling the working tubing in the middle, achieving precise alignment of the working tubing. During the alignment process, the arc-shaped or semi-circular structure of the alignment body of the fitting gently contacts the outer surface of the tubing, relying on the protective material of its inner wall to both position the tubing and prevent any damage to the threads and sealing surfaces of the tubing.

[0043] During the tubing alignment process, the tubing string alignment thread protection mechanism maintains alignment with the tubing, ensuring the female thread can be accurately screwed into the male thread. When alignment is complete and the upper hydraulic pipe wrench 68 begins its upper engagement action, the tubing string alignment thread protection mechanism continues to protect and align the tubing until the upper engagement is complete. Afterward, the opening / closing drive mechanism actuates again, separating the alignment bodies of the two alignment components, creating space for the upper / lower engagement mechanism to disengage from the working tubing, thus completing the tubing string alignment thread protection task throughout the entire operation.

[0044] Example 2 This embodiment discloses a pipe string alignment thread protection mechanism for an automatic buckle-on device. As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, based on embodiment 1, the pipe alignment body includes a semi-ring seat, and the top of the semi-ring seat is coaxially fixed with an upward-facing semi-ring alignment flared mouth 19. After the two alignment components are combined, the semi-ring seats of the two pipe alignment bodies are combined to form a closed ring seat, and the semi-ring alignment flared mouths 19 of the two pipe alignment bodies are combined to form a closed alignment flared mouth.

[0045] The semi-ring seat is the main support structure of the pipe alignment body and can be made of metal, such as cast steel or high-strength aluminum alloy. It has a certain thickness and strength to ensure stable support of the weight and external forces of the working tubing during alignment operations. The inner arc shape of the semi-ring seat matches the outer diameter of the working tubing and is machined with high precision, typically exhibiting low surface roughness to reduce frictional resistance with the tubing surface. At the top of the semi-ring seat, it is connected to the semi-ring alignment flare 19 by welding or integral molding, ensuring a firm connection and good coaxiality.

[0046] The semi-ring centering flare 19 is an upward-opening semi-ring structure, typically made of a wear-resistant and elastic material, such as rubber or engineering plastics. Its inner wall is flared, with the upper port diameter slightly larger than the outer diameter of the working tubing, and the lower port diameter connecting to the inner diameter of the semi-ring seat. This flare design facilitates guidance and initial centering of the working tubing as it enters the centering mechanism, allowing it to enter the centering space formed by the semi-ring seat more smoothly. When the two centering components are combined, the joint between the two semi-ring centering flares 19 employs a special sealing or connection structure, such as a rubber lip seal or a groove and block connection, to ensure that the combined closed centering flare forms a complete flared channel that provides good guidance and protection for the tubing.

[0047] Therefore, at the start of the operation, when the well site lifting manipulator lowers the tubing close to the tubing string alignment thread protection mechanism, it first comes into contact with the upward-facing flared guide area formed by the two semi-ring alignment bell mouths 19. Because the bell mouth opening is relatively large and has a certain taper, the tubing can easily enter this guide area. As the tubing continues to be lowered, under its own weight and the action of the well site lifting manipulator, the tubing gradually slides down along the inner wall of the bell mouth and moves towards the center position.

[0048] As the tubing slides down to the semi-ring seat position, the opening and closing drive mechanism has already driven the two alignment components' semi-ring seats to approach each other and gradually merge. The inner arc surface of the semi-ring seat fits tightly against the outer surface of the tubing, achieving precise alignment and positioning of the tubing. At this point, the closed ring seat formed by the merging of the two semi-ring seats stably encircles the tubing in the middle, restricting its lateral displacement and ensuring it is in an accurate alignment position, providing a reliable foundation for subsequent alignment operations.

[0049] During the coupling process, the closing ring seat and the closing centering bell mouth work together to protect the threads and sealing surfaces of the oil pipe from collision and damage, and to maintain the alignment of the oil pipe, ensuring that the female thread can be smoothly screwed into the male thread. When the coupling is completed and the coupling action is finished, the opening and closing drive mechanism reverses its action, causing the two half-ring seats to separate from each other, and the two half-ring centering bell mouths 19 also separate, thereby releasing the oil pipe so that other mechanisms of the automatic coupling and uncoupling device can carry out subsequent operations.

[0050] Example 3 This embodiment discloses a pipe string alignment thread protection mechanism for an automatic buckle-on device. As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, based on embodiment 2, the semi-ring seat includes a ring seat body 17, and an anti-collision layer 18 is provided on the ring seat body 17. The anti-collision layer 18 includes the upper surface and the inner surface of the ring seat body 17, and can be integrated with the semi-ring alignment flared mouth 19. The cantilever 21 is fixedly connected to the ring seat body 17 and can be integrally formed.

[0051] The ring seat body 17 is the core load-bearing component of the semi-ring seat. Its structural design is based on mechanical principles, possessing sufficient strength and rigidity to withstand various loads during operation. It is generally manufactured using high-quality steel, formed through forging or precision casting processes to ensure a uniform internal structure and stable mechanical properties. The ring seat body 17 has a semi-circular shape, with its radius of curvature matching the outer diameter of the working oil pipe for precise alignment.

[0052] The anti-collision layer 18, as a key component protecting the surface of the working tubing, is made of materials with high elasticity, high wear resistance, and low coefficient of friction, such as polyurethane rubber or special rubber composite materials. Covering the upper and inner surfaces of the ring seat body 17, it not only prevents damage to the tubing due to collisions or friction during tubing alignment and operation, but also acts as a buffer to a certain extent, absorbing the impact force generated when the tubing contacts the semi-ring seat.

[0053] The cantilever 21 and the ring seat body 17 are integrally molded. This connection method maximizes the connection strength and stability between the two, avoiding problems such as loosening and fatigue fracture that may occur with traditional connection methods such as welding or bolting. During manufacturing, the cantilever 21 and the ring seat body 17 can be formed in one piece using processes such as precision casting or CNC machining, ensuring the relative positional accuracy of the cantilever 21 and the ring seat body 17 and the consistency of the overall structure. The cantilever 21 extends outward from the ring seat body 17, and its extension direction and angle are precisely designed to ensure that the ring seat body 17 can accurately open and close under the action of the opening and closing drive mechanism, achieving efficient alignment of the working oil pipe.

[0054] Example 4 This embodiment discloses a pipe string alignment thread protection mechanism for an automatic buckle-on device. As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, based on embodiment 1, 2 or 3, the two ends of the mounting beam 22 are provided with beam body connection structures, and the beam body connection structures include connection holes 13 and pre-tightening screws 16.

[0055] The shape and size of the connecting hole 13 are designed to fit the connecting part of the rear support rod 48 of the automatic buckle device. It is usually circular or elliptical, and its diameter or major axis dimension is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the rear support rod 48, so that the mounting beam 22 can be easily fitted onto the rear support rod 48 for initial installation and positioning.

[0056] A pre-tightening notch 14 is provided on one side of the connecting hole 13. The pre-tightening notch 14 is elongated and its width is determined according to the pre-tightening adjustment requirements.

[0057] The end of the mounting beam 22 has a preload screw hole 15 that vertically penetrates the preload notch 14. The preload screw 16 engages with the preload screw hole 15, and the preload screw 16 can stably generate axial force during screwing in, thereby achieving precise adjustment of the size of the connecting hole 13. The presence of the preload notch 14 allows the connecting hole 13 to undergo a certain degree of elastic deformation under the action of the preload screw 16, thereby achieving the tightening or loosening of the rear support rod 48, and achieving the purpose of adjusting the position and preload degree of the mounting beam 22.

[0058] The preload screw 16 is typically made of high-strength alloy steel, with a head design for easy wrench operation, such as a hexagonal head or an internal hexagonal head. The screw's shank thread precisely matches the thread of the preload screw hole 15, generating sufficient axial thrust when screwed into the preload screw hole 15. This causes one side wall of the connecting hole 13 to be deformed towards the preload notch 14, thereby changing the effective size of the connecting hole 13 and clamping the rear support rod 48. The length of the preload screw 16 is determined based on the thickness of the mounting beam 22 and the preload adjustment range. An anti-loosening device, such as a spring washer or a nylon anti-loosening nut, may be provided at the tail of the screw to prevent the preload screw 16 from loosening due to vibration or other reasons during equipment operation, thus affecting the connection stability of the mounting beam 22.

[0059] Therefore, the installation process of the pipe string alignment thread protection mechanism is as follows: First, align the connecting hole 13 of the mounting beam 22 with the rear support rod 48, so that the rear support rod 48 passes through the connecting hole 13. At this time, because the connecting hole 13 is slightly larger, the mounting beam 22 is in a relatively loose installation state.

[0060] Then, the preload screw 16 is screwed into the preload screw hole 15. As the preload screw 16 is gradually screwed in, the axial force it generates acts on one side wall of the connecting hole 13, causing the connecting hole 13 to elastically deform at the preload notch 14. The size of the connecting hole 13 gradually decreases, and it begins to clamp the rear support rod 48. By adjusting the screwing depth of the preload screw 16, the clamping force of the connecting hole 13 on the rear support rod 48 can be precisely controlled.

[0061] During equipment operation, if fine-tuning of the position of the mounting beam 22 is required, or if loosening of the connection due to prolonged use necessitates re-tightening, the pre-tightening screw 16 can be operated again. Loosening the pre-tightening screw 16 reduces the clamping force of the connecting hole 13, allowing the mounting beam 22 to be moved and adjusted slightly on the rear support rod 48. After adjustment, the pre-tightening screw 16 is retightened to restore connection stability and pre-tightening force. This beam connection structure design makes the installation of the pipe string alignment thread protection mechanism more flexible and convenient, and maintains a stable and reliable connection during equipment operation, which is beneficial for the efficient operation of the entire automatic coupling / uncoupling device and the successful completion of the pipe string alignment thread protection task.

[0062] Example 5 This embodiment discloses a thread protection mechanism for the alignment of a tube string in an automatic uncoupling device. As a preferred embodiment of the invention, based on embodiments 1, 2, 3, or 4, the cantilever 21 is movably connected to the mounting beam 22 via a gear unit; the opening and closing drive mechanism is a gear drive mechanism meshing with the gear unit. Further, the gear unit includes a gear assembly and two rotating components; the gear assembly includes a first lower gear 10 and a second lower gear 11, respectively fixedly connected to the cantilever 21 of the two alignment components. The first lower gear 10 and the second lower gear 11 mesh with each other and are rotatably connected to the mounting beam 22 via rotating components; a main drive gear 12 is coaxially fixedly connected to the first lower gear 10 or the second lower gear 11 via rotating components, and the main drive gear 12 meshes with the gear drive mechanism. The first lower gear 10 and the second lower gear 11 are key parts of the gear assembly; their meshing enables power transmission and linkage with the cantilever 21 of the alignment component. Their material is typically high-strength alloy steel, precision machined to ensure the gear's accuracy and strength. The main drive gear 12 meshes with the gear drive mechanism and is an important component that receives external driving power. It is coaxially fixedly connected to the first lower gear 10 or the second lower gear 11. More specifically, the screw-on assembly includes a bearing 7, a bolt 8, and a nut 9. The bearing 7 is embedded through the mounting beam 22, providing support and reducing friction, allowing the gear assembly and cantilever 21 to rotate smoothly on the mounting beam 22. The bolt 8 passes coaxially through the bolt and mates with the nut 9 to connect the gear assembly.

[0063] The first lower gear 10 and the second lower gear 11 can be positioned above or below the mounting beam 22. Taking the main drive gear 12 coaxially fixedly connected to the second lower gear 11 via a screw-on assembly as an example, specifically: like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the first lower gear 10 and the second lower gear 11 are positioned above the mounting beam 22. The first lower gear 10 and the second lower gear 11 are respectively fixedly connected to the cantilever 21 directly, preferably by integral molding or welding. Based on this, the main drive gear 12 is fixed to the second lower gear 11. Specifically, the fixing method can be welding, or a bolt 8 can be used to pass axially through the main drive gear 12, the second lower gear 11, and a bearing 7 on the mounting beam 22, and then pre-tighten it with a nut 9. On the other side, similarly, a bolt 8 is used to pass through the first lower gear 10 and another bearing 7 on the mounting beam 22, and then pre-tighten it with a nut 9.

[0064] like Figure 3As shown, the first lower gear 10 and the second lower gear 11 are positioned below the mounting beam 22. A bolt 8 passes axially through the main drive gear 12, a cantilever 21, a bearing 7, and the second lower gear 11 in sequence, and then engages with a nut 9 for pre-tightening. On the other side, another bolt 8 passes through another cantilever 21, another bearing 7 in sequence, and then engages with another nut 9 for pre-tightening.

[0065] When the pipe string alignment thread protection mechanism needs to be activated to perform alignment operation on the working oil pipe, the gear drive mechanism starts working first.

[0066] If the first lower gear 10 and the second lower gear 11 are positioned above the mounting beam 22: the gear drive mechanism transmits power to the main drive gear 12, which meshes with it. Since the main drive gear 12 is fixed to the second lower gear 11, the rotation of the main drive gear 12 causes the second lower gear 11 to rotate accordingly. Because the first lower gear 10 and the second lower gear 11 mesh with each other, the rotation of the second lower gear 11 will cause the first lower gear 10 to rotate in the opposite direction. The first lower gear 10 and the second lower gear 11 are respectively fixedly connected to the cantilever 21 of the two centering components. As they rotate, the two cantilever 21 will perform opening and closing movements in opposite directions around the connection point with the mounting beam 22.

[0067] If the first lower gear 10 and the second lower gear 11 are located below the mounting beam 22: similarly, the gear drive mechanism transmits power to the main drive gear 12, which drives the connected components to rotate. The rotation of the main drive gear 12 will drive the cantilever 21 and the second lower gear 11 to rotate through these connecting components. Since the first lower gear 10 and the second lower gear 11 mesh with each other, the cantilever 21 on the other side, connected in a similar manner, will also rotate in the opposite direction, thereby causing the two cantilever 21 to perform opening and closing movements towards or away from each other around the connection point with the mounting beam 22.

[0068] During the opening and closing motion of the cantilever 21, the alignment body of the pipe fitting fixedly connected to the other end of the cantilever 21 will also move synchronously. When the alignment bodies of the two alignment components approach each other, the working oil pipe can be accurately aligned. During the alignment process, the structural characteristics of the alignment body of the pipe fitting are used to protect the threads and sealing surfaces of the oil pipe from damage, thereby realizing the main function of the pipe string alignment thread protection mechanism. Together with the entire automatic coupling and uncoupling device, it completes a series of operations such as alignment, coupling and coupling of the working oil pipe.

[0069] Example 6 This embodiment discloses a thread protection mechanism for the alignment of pipe strings in an automatic buckle-on device. As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, based on embodiment 5, its gear drive mechanism includes a slide bracket 3, a slider 5, a hydraulic cylinder 2, and a connecting assembly 20. A linear guide groove 4 is provided on the slide bracket 3, and the slider 5 is slidably connected to the slide bracket 3 through the linear guide groove 4. A rack structure 6 that meshes with the gear unit is fixedly connected to the slider 5.

[0070] The slide bracket 3 serves as the mounting base for the entire gear drive mechanism, possessing sufficient strength and rigidity to support other components and withstand various forces generated during operation. It is typically made of metal, such as a steel beam or aluminum alloy frame structure. The linear guide groove 4 is precisely machined onto the slide bracket 3, its width and depth designed according to the dimensions of the slider 5, ensuring smooth and stable sliding of the slider 5 within the groove, with minimal clearance to reduce wobbling. The length of the linear guide groove 4 determines the stroke range of the slider 5, thus affecting the movement distance of the rack structure 6 connected to the slider 5, thereby controlling the opening and closing degree of the centering mechanism.

[0071] The slider 5 is adapted to the linear guide groove 4, and its material is mostly wear-resistant metal, such as alloy steel or carbon steel with a hardened surface. The shape of the slider 5 is similar to the cross-sectional shape of the linear guide groove 4, generally rectangular or trapezoidal, to ensure that it will not deviate or jam when sliding in the groove. A rack structure 6 that meshes with the gear unit is fixedly connected to the slider 5. The rack structure 6 has high tooth profile precision and fits well with the main drive gear 12 of the gear unit, which can accurately transmit power and realize precise control of the centering mechanism.

[0072] Hydraulic cylinder 2 is the core component providing power. It is installed on the back of the slide bracket 3 and is arranged parallel to the linear guide groove 4. This installation method makes the layout of the entire drive mechanism more compact and facilitates maintenance and repair. The stroke of hydraulic cylinder 2 is determined according to the opening and closing requirements of the centering mechanism. Hydraulic pipelines are connected to the oil inlet and outlet of hydraulic cylinder 2. The extension and retraction of the actuator 2.2 is achieved by controlling the direction and flow of hydraulic oil.

[0073] Furthermore, a straight waist hole 1 is provided at the bottom of the linear guide groove 4. One end of the connecting assembly 20 is connected to the actuating rod 2.2 of the hydraulic cylinder 2, and the other end passes through the straight waist hole 1 and is connected to the slider 5. The connecting assembly 20 typically includes components such as a connecting rod and a pin. One end of the connecting rod is firmly connected to the actuating rod 2.2 of the hydraulic cylinder 2 through a threaded connection or a pin connection, and the other end passes through the straight waist hole 1 and is connected to the slider 5. The existence of the straight waist hole 1 provides a certain amount of room for movement for the connecting assembly 20, so that when the hydraulic cylinder 2 is actuated, the connecting assembly 20 can drive the slider 5 to slide smoothly along the linear guide groove 4. At the same time, the connecting assembly 20 must be designed to ensure sufficient strength and rigidity to ensure that the power can be effectively transmitted from the hydraulic cylinder 2 to the slider 5.

[0074] Therefore, the working principle of this technical solution is as follows: When the alignment component of the pipe string alignment thread protection mechanism needs to open or close, the hydraulic system starts working and supplies hydraulic oil to the hydraulic cylinder 2.

[0075] If the centering assembly is closed for centering operation: hydraulic oil enters the rodless chamber of hydraulic cylinder 2, pushing the actuator rod 2.2 to extend. The extension of actuator rod 2.2 is transmitted to slider 5 through connecting assembly 20. Since slider 5 is slidably connected to slide bracket 3 through linear guide groove 4, it moves in a specific direction along linear guide groove 4 under the pull of connecting assembly 20. The rack structure 6 fixed on slider 5 moves with slider 5, meshing with the main drive gear 12 of gear unit, thereby driving the main drive gear 12 to rotate. The rotation of main drive gear 12 is transmitted to cantilever 21 through the meshing first lower gear 10 and second lower gear 11, causing the two cantilever 21 to drive the pipe centering body to move towards each other, gradually encircling the working oil pipe in the middle for centering operation, and protecting the threads and sealing surfaces of the oil pipe during the centering process.

[0076] If the centering assembly is to open: hydraulic oil enters the rod chamber of hydraulic cylinder 2, pulling the actuator rod 2.2 back. The retraction of actuator rod 2.2 also drives slider 5 to move in the opposite direction along linear guide groove 4 via connecting assembly 20. The rack structure 6 on slider 5 moves in the opposite direction, driving the main drive gear 12 to rotate in the opposite direction, which in turn causes cantilever 21 to drive the pipe centering body to move in opposite directions through gear transmission, opening the centering mechanism to allow the oil pipe to smoothly enter or exit or perform other related operations. Throughout the process, linear guide groove 4 and connecting assembly 20 ensure the linearity of slider 5's movement and the accuracy of power transmission, enabling the gear drive mechanism to precisely control the opening and closing of the centering assembly of the pipe string centering thread protection mechanism, achieving efficient and reliable centering thread protection function, and completing a series of operation processes in conjunction with the automatic threading device.

[0077] Example 10 This embodiment discloses an assembly method for a pipe string alignment thread protection mechanism. As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it includes the following steps: S1: Prepare mechanism components Preparing to install beam 22: S111, Select metal materials of appropriate specifications and materials (such as high-strength steel beams) as the foundation for mounting beam 22.

[0078] S112, precisely machine the connecting holes 13 at both ends of the mounting beam 22 to ensure that the shape (circular or elliptical) and dimensional tolerance of the connecting holes 13 meet the requirements. The diameter or major axis dimension of the connecting holes 13 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the rear support rod 48 of the vertical mounting bracket of the automatic buckle device to facilitate subsequent installation.

[0079] S113, a preload notch 14 is machined on one side of the connecting hole 13. The preload notch 14 is elongated, and its depth and width are determined according to the design requirements of preload adjustment. Its edges should be properly chamfered to prevent stress concentration.

[0080] S114, a preload screw hole 15 is machined at the end of the mounting beam 22 perpendicular to the preload notch 14. A high-precision thread is machined inside the preload screw hole 15, and the thread specification matches the preload screw 16. The depth of the preload screw hole 15 must ensure that the preload screw 16 can effectively adjust the size of the connecting hole 13 and will not protrude from the mounting beam 22.

[0081] S115, prepare the matching preload screw 16. The preload screw 16 is made of high-strength alloy steel. The head is designed for easy wrench operation (such as hexagonal head or internal hexagonal head). The thread of the shank is highly accurate. The length is determined according to the thickness of the mounting beam 22 and the preload adjustment range. It is also equipped with a corresponding anti-loosening device (such as spring washer or nylon anti-loosening nut).

[0082] Preparing the centering components: S121, manufacture cantilever 21. Cantilever 21 is made of high-strength alloy steel or aluminum alloy. Its length, width, and thickness are determined according to design requirements to ensure sufficient strength and rigidity. One end of cantilever 21 is machined to connect with the mounting beam 22, and the other end is machined to connect with the fixing structure of the pipe fitting centering body.

[0083] S122. Fabricate the pipe fitting centering body, including the ring seat body 17 and the anti-collision layer 18. The ring seat body 17 is made of cast steel or high-strength aluminum alloy, and is formed into a semi-circular shape by casting or machining. The inner arc surface is machined to a radius of curvature that matches the outer diameter of the working oil pipe, and the surface roughness is low. The anti-collision layer 18 is made of polyurethane rubber or special rubber composite material, and is customized according to the shape and size of the ring seat body 17 to ensure that it can fit tightly against the upper and inner surfaces of the ring seat body 17. The anti-collision layer 18 can be fixed to the ring seat body 17 as one piece by bonding or vulcanization processes. The semi-ring seat also includes a semi-ring centering flared mouth 19 with the top coaxially fixed facing upward. The semi-ring centering flared mouth 19 is made of the same or similar elastic wear-resistant material as the anti-collision layer 18. It is integrally formed with the anti-collision layer 18 or fixed to the top of the ring seat body 17 by a reliable connection method (such as bonding or ferrule connection). Its inner wall is flared, the upper port diameter is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the working oil pipe, and the lower port diameter is well connected to the inner diameter of the ring seat body 17 and the transition is smooth.

[0084] Preparing the opening and closing drive mechanism: S131, manufacture the slide bracket 3. Select metal plates (such as steel plates) and process them into a frame structure with certain strength and rigidity through bending, welding and other processes. Precisely machine the straight guide groove 4 on its surface. The width and depth of the straight guide groove 4 are designed according to the size of the slider 5. The tolerance is precisely matched to ensure that the slider 5 slides smoothly in the groove without obvious shaking. The length of the straight guide groove 4 is determined according to the opening and closing stroke requirements of the centering mechanism.

[0085] S132, manufacture slider 5. Slider 5 is made of wear-resistant metal material (such as alloy steel or surface-hardened carbon steel) and processed into a shape (such as rectangular or trapezoidal) that matches the straight guide groove 4. It has high dimensional accuracy. A rack structure 6 is fixedly connected to slider 5. The rack structure 6 is made of high-precision gear rack material and the tooth profile accuracy meets the meshing requirements of the gear unit. It is firmly connected to slider 5 by welding, bolt connection or integral molding.

[0086] S133, Prepare hydraulic cylinder 2. Select a hydraulic cylinder 2 of appropriate specifications. The stroke is determined according to the opening and closing requirements of the centering mechanism. Connect hydraulic pipeline joints to the oil inlet and outlet of hydraulic cylinder 2 for subsequent connection to the hydraulic system.

[0087] Prepare the connecting assembly 20, which includes components such as connecting rods and pins. The connecting rod is made of high-strength alloy steel, and its length and diameter are determined according to the distance between the hydraulic cylinder 2 actuating rod 2.2 and the slider 5 and the connection method requirements. Connecting structures (such as threaded holes or pin holes) are machined at both ends. The pin is made of high-strength alloy steel, and its diameter and length are determined according to the dimensions of the connecting part.

[0088] S2: Install centering mechanism S21, two bearing components 7 are symmetrically embedded in the center of the mounting beam 22. The bearing components 7 are high-precision rolling bearings. The specifications and models of the bearing components 7 are determined according to the connection structure requirements between the cantilever 21 and the mounting beam 22. Appropriate tooling is used during installation to ensure that the bearing components 7 are installed firmly and have good coaxiality. The inner ring of the bearing component 7 is fitted with the connecting journal of the cantilever 21, and the outer ring is tightly fixed to the mounting beam 22.

[0089] S22, the first lower gear 10 and the second lower gear 11 are fixedly connected to the cantilever 21 of the two centering components, respectively. The connection method can be integral molding (such as casting or forging to form an integral structure directly) or welding (using high-quality welding process to ensure welding strength and precision). After fixing, ensure that the relative position of the gear and the cantilever 21 is accurate, and the axis of the gear coincides with the rotation axis of the cantilever 21. Then, the first lower gear 10 and the second lower gear 11 mesh with each other and are connected to the bearing 7 on the mounting beam 22 through a screw-in assembly. The specific operation is as follows: On one side, after the bolt 8 is coaxially passed through the main drive gear 12, the second lower gear 11 and the corresponding bearing 7, it is pre-tightened with the nut 9. The pre-tightening force should be moderate, ensuring that the connection between the components is firm, but not so much as to damage the bearing or deform the gear due to excessive pre-tightening force. On the other side, after the bolt 8 is passed through the first lower gear 10 and another bearing 7 in sequence, it is pre-tightened with the nut 9. The pre-tightening force should also be controlled. During the pre-tightening process, a torque wrench can be used to operate according to the specified torque value to ensure the consistency and reliability of the connection.

[0090] S3: Install the opening and closing drive mechanism S31, the slider 5 connected with the rack structure 6 is installed in the linear guide groove 4 of the slide bracket 3. During installation, an appropriate amount of lubricant can be applied to the surface of the slider 5 and the linear guide groove 4 to reduce frictional resistance, so that the slider 5 can slide easily in the groove. The smoothness of the slider 5 sliding in the linear guide groove 4 should be checked to ensure that there is no jamming.

[0091] S32, ensuring good meshing between the rack structure 6 and the main drive gear 12 of the gear unit, fix the slide bracket 3 to the mounting beam 22. Fixing can be done by welding, bolting, or other methods. If bolting is used, select bolts of appropriate specifications and strength grades, distribute them evenly at the connection between the slide bracket 3 and the mounting beam 22, and tighten them to the specified torque value to ensure a secure fixation that will not loosen due to vibration or other reasons.

[0092] S33, the actuator 2.1 of the hydraulic cylinder 2 is fixedly connected to the back of the slide bracket 3. Welding or bolt connection can be used. When fixing, ensure that the axis of the hydraulic cylinder 2 is parallel to the linear guide groove 4, and that the extension and retraction direction of the actuator 2.2 is consistent with the sliding direction of the slider 5. The connection part should be sealed to prevent hydraulic oil leakage.

[0093] S34, after the connecting component 20 passes through the straight groove at the bottom of the slide bracket 3, connect one end of the connecting component 20 to the actuating rod 2.2 of the hydraulic cylinder 2 and the other end to the slider 5. First, firmly connect one end of the connecting rod to the actuating rod 2.2 of the hydraulic cylinder 2 through a threaded connection or a pin connection. Then, pass the other end of the connecting rod through the straight groove and connect it to the slider 5. During the connection process, adjust the relative positions of each component to ensure accurate connection. After the connection is completed, check the degree of freedom of movement of the connecting component 20 to ensure that the slider 5 can smoothly slide in the straight guide groove 4 when the hydraulic cylinder 2 is actuated.

[0094] S4: Installation and Usage S41, pass the two rear support rods 48 of the vertical mounting bracket through the connecting holes 13 at both ends of the mounting beam 22. During the insertion process, be careful to protect the surface of the support rods to prevent scratches or bumps. A small amount of lubricating oil can be applied to the edge of the connecting hole 13 to facilitate the smooth insertion of the support rods.

[0095] S42. Adjust the position of the mounting beam 22 on the vertical mounting bracket. Based on the overall layout and operation requirements of the automatic buckle device, determine the appropriate position of the mounting beam 22 in the front-back and left-right directions. Measuring tools (such as calipers, levels, etc.) can be used for precise measurement and adjustment.

[0096] S43, screw a pre-tightening screw 16 into the pre-tightening screw hole 15 at one end of the mounting beam 22 to adjust the width of the pre-tightening notch 14 so that the corresponding connecting hole 13 tightly wraps around the corresponding rear support rod 48. When screwing in the pre-tightening screw 16, a torque wrench can be used to gradually tighten it according to the specified torque value, while observing the tightness of the connecting hole 13 around the support rod to prevent over-tightening from causing deformation of the support rod or damage to the connecting hole 13.

[0097] S44. Repeat step S43 to ensure that the connecting hole 13 at the other end of the mounting beam 22 tightly wraps around the other rear support rod 48, thus completing the fixed installation of the mounting beam 22 on the vertical mounting bracket. After installation, check again the installation firmness of the entire pipe string centering thread protection mechanism, the connection of each component, and the opening and closing flexibility of the centering mechanism to ensure that the mechanism can operate normally and meet the operational requirements.

Claims

1. A thread protection mechanism for pipe string alignment in an automatic buckle-on / off device, characterized in that: Includes mounting beam (22), opening and closing drive mechanism and centering mechanism; The centering mechanism includes two symmetrical centering components, and the centering components include a cantilever (21) and a pipe centering body; one end of the cantilever (21) is rotatably connected to the mounting beam (22), and the other end of the cantilever (21) is fixedly connected to the pipe centering body; The opening and closing drive mechanism is installed on the mounting beam (22) and is movably connected to the centering mechanism. It is used to drive the two centering components to open and close synchronously, so that the pipe centering bodies of the two centering components cooperate with each other to center the working oil pipe.

2. The thread protection mechanism for the pipe string alignment of the automatic buckle-on / off device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The pipe fitting centering body includes a semi-ring seat, and the top of the semi-ring seat is coaxially fixed with an upward-facing semi-ring centering flared mouth (19); after the two centering components are combined, the semi-ring seats of the two pipe fitting centering bodies are combined to form a closed ring seat, and the semi-ring centering flared mouths (19) of the two pipe fitting centering bodies are combined to form a closed centering flared mouth.

3. The thread protection mechanism for the pipe string alignment of the automatic buckle-on / off device as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The semi-ring seat includes a ring seat body (17), and an anti-collision layer (18) is provided on the ring seat body (17). The cantilever (21) is fixedly connected to the ring seat body (17).

4. The thread protection mechanism for the pipe string alignment of the automatic buckle-on / off device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting beam (22) has a beam connection structure at both ends, and the beam connection structure includes a connection hole (13) and a pre-tightening screw (16); a pre-tightening notch (14) is provided on one side of the connection hole (13), and a pre-tightening screw hole (15) is provided at the end of the mounting beam (22) through the pre-tightening notch (14) vertically; the pre-tightening screw (16) cooperates with the pre-tightening screw hole (15) to adjust the size of the connection hole (13).

5. The thread protection mechanism for the pipe string alignment of the automatic buckle-on / off device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The cantilever (21) is movably connected to the mounting beam (22) via a gear unit; the opening and closing drive mechanism is a gear drive mechanism that meshes with the gear unit.

6. The thread protection mechanism for the pipe string alignment of the automatic buckle-on / off device as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The gear unit includes a swivel assembly and a gear assembly. The gear assembly includes a first lower gear (10) and a second lower gear (11) that are fixedly connected to the cantilever (21) of the two centering assemblies respectively. The first lower gear (10) and the second lower gear (11) mesh with each other and are rotatably connected to the mounting beam (22) through the swivel assembly respectively. A main drive gear (12) is coaxially fixedly connected to the first lower gear (10) or the second lower gear (11) through the swivel assembly. The main drive gear (12) meshes with the gear drive mechanism.

7. The thread protection mechanism for the pipe string alignment of the automatic buckle-on / off device as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The screw-on assembly includes a bearing (7), a bolt (8), and a nut (9). The bearing (7) is embedded in the mounting beam (22). The bolt (8) is coaxially inserted through the bolt (8) and then cooperates with the nut (9) to connect the gear assembly.

8. The thread protection mechanism for the pipe string alignment of the automatic buckle-on / off device as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The gear drive mechanism includes a slide bracket (3), a slider (5), a hydraulic cylinder (2), and a connecting assembly (20); the slide bracket (3) is provided with a linear guide groove (4), and the slider (5) is slidably connected to the slide bracket (3) through the linear guide groove (4); the hydraulic cylinder (2) is installed on the slide bracket (3) and is arranged parallel to the linear guide groove (4); the actuating rod (2.2) of the hydraulic cylinder (2) is connected to the slider (5) through the connecting assembly (20); and a rack structure (6) that meshes with the gear unit is fixedly connected to the slider (5).

9. The thread protection mechanism for the pipe string alignment of the automatic buckle-on / off device as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The bottom of the straight guide groove (4) is provided with a straight waist hole (1), and the hydraulic cylinder (2) is installed on the back of the slide bracket (3); one end of the connecting component (20) is connected to the actuating rod (2.2) of the hydraulic cylinder (2), and the other end passes through the straight waist hole (1) and is connected to the slider (5).

10. A method for assembling a thread protection mechanism for pipe string alignment, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1, Prepare the mechanism components, including the mounting beam (22), two centering components and the opening and closing drive mechanism; S2, Install the centering mechanism, including symmetrically installing two centering components at the center of the mounting beam (22); S3, Install the opening and closing drive mechanism, including installing the opening and closing drive mechanism on the mounting beam (22) and movably connecting the opening and closing drive mechanism with the centering mechanism to support the opening and closing drive of the two centering components; S4, Installation and Use, including connecting the two ends of the mounting beam (22) to the vertical mounting bracket of the automatic buckle device.

11. The assembly method of the pipe string alignment thread protection mechanism as described in claim 10, characterized in that, In step S2, installing the centering mechanism includes the following steps: S21, corresponding to the center of the mounting beam (22), two bearing components (7) are symmetrically embedded in the mounting beam (22). S22, the gear unit is installed at the ends of the two centering components; S23, the gear unit, together with the two centering components, is connected to the two bearing components (7) by the cooperation of the bolt (8) and the nut (9).

12. The assembly method of the pipe string alignment thread protection mechanism as described in claim 11, characterized in that, In step S3, installing the opening and closing drive mechanism includes the following steps: S31, the slider (5) connected to the rack structure (6) is installed in the slide bracket (3) of the slide bracket (3); S32, under the condition that the rack structure (6) meshes with the gear unit, the slide bracket (3) is fixed on the mounting beam (22); S33, the actuator (2.1) of the hydraulic cylinder (2) is fixedly connected to the back of the slide bracket (3); S34, after passing the connecting component (20) through the straight groove at the bottom of the slide bracket (3), connect one end of the connecting component (20) to the actuating rod (2.2) of the hydraulic cylinder (2) and the other end to the slider (5).

13. The assembly method of the pipe string alignment thread protection mechanism as described in claim 10, characterized in that, In step S1, preparing to install the beam (22) includes: processing the beam connection structure at both ends of the installation, including connection holes (13), pre-tightening notches (14), pre-tightening screw holes (15) and pre-tightening screws (16).

14. The assembly method of the pipe string alignment thread protection mechanism as described in claim 13, characterized in that, In step S4, the installation and use include the following steps: S41, pass the two rear support rods (48) of the vertical mounting bracket through the connection holes (13) at both ends of the mounting beam (22). S42, Adjust the position of the mounting beam (22) on the vertical mounting bracket; S43, screw a preload screw (16) into the preload screw hole (15) at one end of the mounting beam (22) to adjust the width of the preload notch (14) so ​​that the corresponding connecting hole (13) tightly wraps the corresponding rear support rod (48). S44, repeat step S43 to make the connecting hole (13) at the other end of the mounting beam (22) tightly wrap around the other rear support rod (48).

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