Fracturing operation early warning method, electronic device, storage medium and program product

Abstract

Embodiments of the present application provide a fracturing construction early warning method, electronic equipment, storage medium and program product. The method comprises: acquiring fracturing basic parameters of an oil well, and acquiring fracturing operation parameters of the oil well in a fracturing construction process in real time; the fracturing basic parameters are oil well basic parameters related to the fracturing construction process of the oil well; the fracturing operation parameters are operation parameters in the fracturing construction process of the oil well; the wellbore liquid column static pressure of the oil well is determined in real time according to the fracturing basic parameters and the fracturing operation parameters, and the fracturing construction of the oil well is early warned according to the fracturing operation parameters and the wellbore liquid column static pressure; wherein the wellbore liquid column static pressure is the pressure exerted by the liquid in the wellbore of the oil well on the wellhead of the oil well. The method is used to achieve the effect of the safety of the fracturing construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of data processing technology, and in particular to an early warning method, electronic device, storage medium and program product for fracturing operations. Background Technology

[0002] During oil extraction, when the drilling depth reaches the target oil and gas-bearing formation, it does not mean that oil and gas can gush out through the wellbore and pipeline. Due to the influence of geology, rock formations and the flow characteristics of oil and gas, most oil and gas cannot flow freely in the formation, which increases the difficulty of further oil and gas extraction.

[0003] In existing technologies, fracturing is required to modify the formation in order to successfully extract oil and gas that are difficult to accumulate in reservoirs. Fracturing involves artificially applying high pressure to create fractures in the target formation, and then injecting proppant-laden fluid into the fractures to prevent them from closing again. The fractures created by fracturing can act as "highways" for oil and gas to flow into the wellbore. However, the pressure generated during fracturing may cause excessive wellhead pressure, leading to safety accidents such as wellhead rupture.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an early warning method for pressure construction to improve the safety of pressure construction. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides an early warning method, electronic device, storage medium, and program product for fracturing operations, in order to improve the safety of pressure operations.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide an early warning method for fracturing operations, comprising:

[0007] The system acquires the basic fracturing parameters of the oil well and acquires the fracturing operation parameters of the oil well in real time during the fracturing construction process; the basic fracturing parameters are the basic parameters of the oil well related to the fracturing construction process of the oil well; the fracturing operation parameters are the operation parameters during the fracturing construction process of the oil well.

[0008] Based on the fracturing basic parameters and the fracturing operation parameters, the hydrostatic pressure of the wellbore fluid column in the oil well is determined in real time, and early warning processing for fracturing construction of the oil well is carried out based on the fracturing operation parameters and the hydrostatic pressure of the wellbore fluid column; wherein, the hydrostatic pressure of the wellbore fluid column is the pressure exerted by the liquid in the wellbore on the wellhead of the oil well.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the fracturing basic parameters include: wellbore volume and pipeline volume; obtaining the fracturing basic parameters of the oil well includes: obtaining the casing parameters of at least one casing of the oil well; wherein the casing parameters include the casing inner diameter, casing length, and casing hanger position; calculating the wellbore volume included in the fracturing basic parameters based on the casing inner diameter, casing length, and casing hanger position of each of the at least one casings; obtaining the pipeline parameters of the oil well's pipeline; wherein the pipeline parameters include the pipeline length and pipeline inner diameter; calculating the pipeline volume included in the fracturing basic parameters based on the pipeline length and pipeline inner diameter included in the pipeline parameters.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the fracturing basic parameters include: wellbore volume and pipeline volume; determining the wellbore hydrostatic pressure based on the fracturing basic parameters and the fracturing operation parameters in real time includes: determining the cumulative fluid volume of the oil well during the fracturing process based on the fracturing operation parameters; if the cumulative fluid volume is less than or equal to the pipeline volume included in the fracturing basic parameters, then the wellbore hydrostatic pressure of the oil well is determined to be zero; otherwise, the wellbore hydrostatic pressure of the oil well is determined in real time based on the fracturing operation parameters, the cumulative fluid volume, and the wellbore volume included in the fracturing basic parameters.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the fracturing operation parameters include: operation parameter sampling time and sand discharge rate corresponding to the operation parameter sampling time; wherein, the sand discharge rate is the discharge rate of sand-carrying fluid from the oil well during fracturing; determining the cumulative fluid volume of the oil well during fracturing in real time based on the fracturing operation parameters includes: determining the single-point fluid volume corresponding to the operation parameter sampling time based on the operation parameter sampling time and the sand discharge rate corresponding to the operation parameter sampling time; and determining the cumulative fluid volume of the oil well during fracturing in real time based on the single-point fluid volume corresponding to the operation parameter sampling time.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the fracturing operation parameters include: operation parameter sampling time and sand concentration corresponding to the operation parameter sampling time; wherein, the sand concentration is the concentration of sand in the sand-carrying fluid of the oil well during the fracturing process; determining the wellbore hydrostatic pressure of the oil well in real time based on the fracturing operation parameters, the cumulative fluid volume, and the pipeline volume included in the fracturing basic parameters includes: determining the wellbore depth corresponding to the operation parameter sampling time based on the cumulative fluid volume and the pipeline volume included in the fracturing basic parameters; and determining the wellbore hydrostatic pressure of the oil well in real time based on the wellbore depth corresponding to the operation parameter sampling time and the sand concentration corresponding to the operation parameter sampling time included in the fracturing operation parameters.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the early warning processing for fracturing operations of the oil well based on the fracturing operation parameters and the hydrostatic pressure of the wellbore fluid column includes: determining the wellhead pressure of the oil well in real time based on the fracturing operation parameters and the hydrostatic pressure of the wellbore fluid column; and performing early warning processing for fracturing operations of the oil well based on the wellhead pressure of the oil well.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the fracturing operation parameters further include: operation parameter sampling time and casing pressure corresponding to the operation parameter sampling time; the casing pressure is the pressure exerted by the fluid in the pipeline of the oil well on the wellhead of the oil well; determining the wellhead pressure of the oil well in real time based on the fracturing operation parameters and the hydrostatic pressure of the wellbore fluid column includes: determining the wellhead pressure of the oil well in real time based on the casing pressure corresponding to the operation parameter sampling time included in the fracturing operation parameters and the hydrostatic pressure of the wellbore fluid column.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the early warning processing for fracturing operations of the oil well based on the wellhead pressure includes: obtaining the maximum limiting pressure of the oil well and calculating the difference between the wellhead pressure and the maximum limiting pressure; and processing the early warning for fracturing operations of the oil well based on the calculated difference and at least one preset early warning range threshold; wherein different early warning range thresholds correspond to different early warning levels.

[0016] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide an early warning device for fracturing operations, comprising:

[0017] The acquisition module is used to acquire the basic fracturing parameters of the oil well and to acquire the fracturing operation parameters of the oil well in real time during the fracturing construction process; the basic fracturing parameters are the basic parameters of the oil well related to the fracturing construction process of the oil well; the fracturing operation parameters are the operation parameters during the fracturing construction process of the oil well.

[0018] The early warning module is used to determine the hydrostatic pressure of the wellbore fluid column in real time based on the fracturing basic parameters and the fracturing operation parameters, and to provide early warning processing for fracturing operations of the oil well based on the fracturing operation parameters and the hydrostatic pressure of the wellbore fluid column; wherein, the hydrostatic pressure of the wellbore fluid column is the pressure exerted by the liquid in the wellbore on the wellhead of the oil well.

[0019] In one possible implementation, the fracturing basic parameters include: wellbore volume and pipeline volume; the acquisition module is specifically used to acquire the casing parameters of at least one casing of the oil well; wherein the casing parameters include the casing inner diameter, casing length, and casing hanger position; based on the casing inner diameter, casing length, and casing hanger position of each of the at least one casings, the wellbore volume included in the fracturing basic parameters is calculated; the pipeline parameters of the oil well's pipeline are acquired; wherein the pipeline parameters include the pipeline length and pipeline inner diameter; based on the pipeline length and pipeline inner diameter included in the pipeline parameters, the pipeline volume included in the fracturing basic parameters is calculated.

[0020] In one possible implementation, the fracturing basic parameters include: wellbore volume and pipeline volume; the early warning module includes a determination unit, used to determine the cumulative fluid volume of the oil well during the fracturing process in real time based on the fracturing operation parameters; if the cumulative fluid volume is determined to be less than or equal to the pipeline volume included in the fracturing basic parameters, then the wellbore hydrostatic pressure of the oil well is determined to be zero; otherwise, the wellbore hydrostatic pressure of the oil well is determined in real time based on the fracturing operation parameters, the cumulative fluid volume, and the wellbore volume included in the fracturing basic parameters.

[0021] In one possible implementation, the fracturing operation parameters include: operation parameter sampling time and sand discharge rate corresponding to the operation parameter sampling time; wherein, the sand discharge rate is the discharge rate of sand-carrying fluid from the oil well during the fracturing process; the determining unit is specifically used to determine the single-point fluid volume corresponding to the operation parameter sampling time based on the operation parameter sampling time and the sand discharge rate corresponding to the operation parameter sampling time included in the fracturing operation parameters; and to determine the cumulative fluid volume of the oil well during the fracturing process in real time based on the single-point fluid volume corresponding to the operation parameter sampling time.

[0022] In one possible implementation, the fracturing operation parameters include: operation parameter sampling time and sand concentration corresponding to the operation parameter sampling time; wherein, the sand concentration is the concentration of sand in the sand-carrying fluid of the oil well during the fracturing process; the determining unit is further specifically used to determine the wellbore depth corresponding to the operation parameter sampling time based on the cumulative fluid volume and the pipeline volume included in the fracturing basic parameters; and to determine the wellbore hydrostatic pressure in real time based on the wellbore depth corresponding to the operation parameter sampling time and the sand concentration corresponding to the operation parameter sampling time included in the fracturing operation parameters.

[0023] In one possible implementation, the early warning module further includes an early warning unit, used to determine the wellhead pressure of the oil well in real time based on the fracturing operation parameters and the hydrostatic pressure of the wellbore fluid column; and to provide early warning processing for fracturing operations of the oil well based on the wellhead pressure of the oil well.

[0024] In one possible implementation, the fracturing operation parameters further include: operation parameter sampling time and casing pressure corresponding to the operation parameter sampling time; the casing pressure is the pressure exerted by the fluid in the pipeline of the oil well on the wellhead of the oil well; the early warning unit is specifically used to determine the wellhead pressure of the oil well in real time based on the casing pressure corresponding to the operation parameter sampling time and the hydrostatic pressure of the wellbore fluid column included in the fracturing operation parameters.

[0025] In one possible implementation, the early warning unit is further specifically used to obtain the maximum limiting pressure of the oil well and calculate the difference between the wellhead pressure and the maximum limiting pressure of the oil well; based on the calculated difference and at least one preset early warning range threshold, to perform early warning processing for fracturing operations on the oil well; wherein, different early warning range thresholds correspond to different early warning levels.

[0026] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide an electronic device, including: a memory and a processor;

[0027] The memory stores computer-executed instructions;

[0028] The processor executes computer execution instructions stored in the memory, causing the processor to perform the first aspect and / or various possible implementations of the first aspect as described above.

[0029] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by a processor, are used to implement the first aspect and / or various possible implementations of the first aspect.

[0030] Fifthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the first aspect and / or various possible implementations of the first aspect.

[0031] The fracturing operation early warning method, electronic device, storage medium, and program product provided in this application acquire the basic fracturing parameters of the oil well and the fracturing operation parameters of the oil well during the fracturing operation process in real time. Based on the basic fracturing parameters and the fracturing operation parameters, the wellbore hydrostatic pressure is determined in real time, and the fracturing operation early warning processing is performed on the oil well based on the fracturing operation parameters and the wellbore hydrostatic pressure. In particular, the wellbore hydrostatic pressure can be accurately determined based on the basic fracturing parameters and the real-time acquired fracturing operation parameters, thereby improving the accuracy of the pressure operation early warning. In particular, by monitoring the wellhead pressure of the oil well through the wellbore hydrostatic pressure, the fracturing operation early warning can be accurately provided. In summary, the pressure operation early warning method provided can improve the safety of fracturing operations. Attached Figure Description

[0032] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.

[0033] Figure 1 Flowchart of the early warning method for fracturing operations provided in this application Figure 1 ;

[0034] Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating the early warning process for fracturing operations provided in this application. Figure 2 ;

[0035] Figure 3 An example diagram of an inclined shaft provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 4 Flowchart of the early warning method for fracturing operations provided in this application Figure 3 ;

[0037] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the early warning device for fracturing operations provided in this application;

[0038] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device provided in this application.

[0039] The accompanying drawings illustrate specific embodiments of this application, which will be described in more detail below. These drawings and descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept in any way, but rather to illustrate the concept of this application to those skilled in the art through reference to particular embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0040] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0041] In existing technologies, oil is extracted through fracturing. However, the pressure generated during fracturing can lead to excessive wellhead pressure, potentially causing wellhead rupture and other safety accidents. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an early warning system for pressure fracturing to improve its safety.

[0042] The fracturing operation early warning method provided in this application acquires the basic fracturing parameters of the oil well and the fracturing operation parameters of the oil well during the fracturing operation process in real time. Based on the basic fracturing parameters and the fracturing operation parameters, the wellbore hydrostatic pressure is determined in real time, and early warning processing for fracturing operation is performed on the oil well based on the fracturing operation parameters and the wellbore hydrostatic pressure. In particular, the wellbore hydrostatic pressure can be accurately determined based on the basic fracturing parameters and the real-time fracturing operation parameters, thereby improving the accuracy of pressure operation early warning. In particular, monitoring the wellhead pressure of the oil well through the wellbore hydrostatic pressure can accurately provide early warning for fracturing operation. In summary, the pressure operation early warning method provided can improve the safety of fracturing operation.

[0043] The technical solution of this application and how the technical solution of this application solves the above-mentioned technical problems are described in detail below with specific embodiments. These specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described again in some embodiments. The embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0044] Figure 1 Flowchart of the early warning method for fracturing operations provided in this application Figure 1 ,like Figure 1 As shown, the method includes:

[0045] Step S101: Obtain the basic fracturing parameters of the oil well and obtain the fracturing operation parameters of the oil well in real time during the fracturing construction process.

[0046] Specifically, it can obtain the basic parameters of oil well fracturing and the fracturing operation parameters of oil well during the fracturing construction process in real time.

[0047] The fracturing basic parameters refer to the basic parameters of an oil well related to the fracturing process. This application does not limit the fracturing basic parameters; any basic parameters of an oil well related to the fracturing process can be used as the fracturing basic parameters provided in this application. Optionally, the fracturing basic parameters include, but are not limited to, oil well basic parameters such as wellbore volume and pipeline volume.

[0048] The fracturing operation parameters refer to the operational parameters used during the fracturing process in an oil well. This application does not limit the fracturing operation parameters; any operational parameter used during the fracturing process in an oil well can be used as the fracturing operation parameters provided in this application. Optionally, the fracturing operation parameters include, but are not limited to, the sampling time of the operation parameters, the sand concentration corresponding to the sampling time, and the sand discharge information corresponding to the sampling time.

[0049] Step S102: Based on the basic fracturing parameters and fracturing operation parameters, determine the static pressure of the wellbore fluid column in real time, and conduct early warning processing for fracturing operations based on the fracturing operation parameters and the static pressure of the wellbore fluid column.

[0050] Specifically, based on the fracturing basic parameters obtained in step S101 and the real-time fracturing operation parameters, the wellbore hydrostatic pressure can be determined in real time. The wellbore hydrostatic pressure is the pressure exerted by the fluid in the wellbore on the wellhead. Specifically, due to the interaction of forces, the pressure exerted by the fluid in the wellbore on the bottom of the well is the same as the pressure exerted by the fluid in the wellbore on the wellhead, i.e., the wellbore hydrostatic pressure.

[0051] This application does not limit the process of determining the hydrostatic pressure of the wellbore fluid column in real time based on the fracturing basic parameters and fracturing operation parameters. Optionally, the cumulative fluid volume of the well during the fracturing process can be determined in real time based on the fracturing operation parameters. If the cumulative fluid volume is less than or equal to the pipeline volume included in the fracturing basic parameters, the hydrostatic pressure of the wellbore fluid column is determined to be zero. Otherwise, the hydrostatic pressure of the wellbore fluid column is determined in real time based on the fracturing operation parameters, the cumulative fluid volume, and the wellbore volume included in the fracturing basic parameters.

[0052] Specifically, after determining the static pressure of the wellbore fluid column in real time, early warning processing for fracturing operations can be carried out based on the real-time fracturing operation parameters and the real-time determined static pressure of the wellbore fluid column.

[0053] In this application, the process of early warning processing for fracturing operations of oil wells based on fracturing operation parameters and wellbore hydrostatic pressure is not limited. Optionally, the wellhead pressure of the oil well can be determined in real time based on the fracturing operation parameters and wellbore hydrostatic pressure; and early warning processing for fracturing operations of the oil well can be carried out based on the wellhead pressure of the oil well.

[0054] The fracturing operation early warning method provided in this application obtains the basic fracturing parameters of the oil well and acquires the fracturing operation parameters of the oil well in real time during the fracturing operation process. Based on the basic fracturing parameters and the fracturing operation parameters, the wellbore hydrostatic pressure is determined in real time, and the fracturing operation early warning processing is performed on the oil well based on the fracturing operation parameters and the wellbore hydrostatic pressure. In particular, the wellbore hydrostatic pressure can be accurately determined based on the basic fracturing parameters and the real-time acquired fracturing operation parameters, thereby improving the accuracy of the pressure operation early warning. In particular, by monitoring the wellhead pressure of the oil well through the wellbore hydrostatic pressure, the fracturing operation early warning can be accurately provided. In summary, the pressure operation early warning method provided can improve the safety of fracturing operations.

[0055] In one possible embodiment, the basic fracturing parameters include: wellbore volume and pipeline volume. The wellbore volume refers to the volume of the wellbore within the basic structure of the oil well, and the pipeline volume refers to the volume of the surface pipelines within the basic structure of the oil well.

[0056] Optionally, if the basic fracturing parameters include wellbore volume and pipeline volume, the process of obtaining the basic fracturing parameters of the oil well may include: obtaining the wellbore volume included in the basic fracturing parameters, and obtaining the pipeline volume included in the basic fracturing parameters.

[0057] Optionally, the process of obtaining the wellbore volume included in the fracturing basic parameters may include: obtaining the casing parameters of at least one casing of the oil well. The casing parameters include the casing inner diameter, casing length, and casing hanger position. Based on the casing inner diameter, casing length, and casing hanger position of each casing in the at least one casing, the wellbore volume included in the fracturing basic parameters is calculated.

[0058] The wellbore of the oil well includes at least one casing, which is typically a tubular metal structure used to secure and protect components of the oil well. This application does not limit the number of casings included in the wellbore; however, the number of casings corresponds to the depth of the wellbore; for example, the deeper the wellbore, the more casings are required.

[0059] In this application, the size of each casing included in at least one casing in the wellbore of an oil well is not limited. The size of each casing corresponds to the size of the wellbore. For example, for casings installed at different depths in the wellbore, if the inner diameter of the wellbore is different, the size of the casing will also be different. The larger the inner diameter of the wellbore, the larger the inner diameter of the casing. The length of each casing corresponds to the depth range of the same inner diameter in the wellbore where the casing is installed.

[0060] A casing hanger is a device in a wellbore used to suspend and support the tubing or casing string, and to provide necessary seals to prevent fluid leakage. The casing hanger position refers to the location of the hanger installed within the casing of the wellbore. The lower the position of the casing hanger on the current casing, the deeper the actual well depth of the casing above it. For example, if both the current and upper casing lengths are 300m, and the current casing hanger is located 50m above the bottom of the upper casing, then the actual well depth of the upper casing is 250m. Similarly, if both the current and upper casing lengths are 300m, and the current casing hanger is located 20m above the bottom of the upper casing, then the actual well depth of the upper casing is 280m.

[0061] Specifically, after obtaining the casing parameters of each casing in at least one casing of an oil well, the wellbore volume included in the fracturing basic parameters can be calculated based on the casing inner diameter, casing length, and casing hanger position of each casing in at least one casing. Optionally, the actual well depth corresponding to each casing in at least one casing can be calculated first based on the casing length and casing hanger position of each casing in at least one casing; then, the wellbore volume included in the fracturing basic parameters can be calculated based on the actual well depth corresponding to each casing in at least one casing and the casing inner diameter.

[0062] The formula for calculating the wellbore volume is as follows:

[0063]

[0064] Where V1 is the wellbore volume, h is the actual well depth corresponding to the casing, d1 is the inner diameter of the casing, and n is the number of casings included in the wellbore of the oil well.

[0065] In the process of obtaining wellbore volume, the wellbore volume can be accurately calculated based on the casing parameters of each casing in at least one casing of the oil well, thereby improving the accuracy of early warning for fracturing operations and further enhancing the safety of fracturing operations.

[0066] Optionally, the process of obtaining the pipeline volume included in the fracturing basic parameters may include: obtaining the pipeline parameters of the oil well's pipelines. These pipeline parameters include the pipeline length and the pipeline inner diameter. Based on the pipeline length and inner diameter included in the pipeline parameters, the pipeline volume included in the fracturing basic parameters is calculated.

[0067] The formula for calculating pipeline volume is as follows:

[0068]

[0069] Where V2 is the pipeline volume, l is the pipeline length, and d2 is the pipeline inner diameter.

[0070] In the process of obtaining pipeline volume, the pipeline volume can be accurately calculated based on the pipeline length and inner diameter, thereby improving the accuracy of early warning for fracturing operations and further enhancing the safety of fracturing operations.

[0071] Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating the early warning process for fracturing operations provided in this application. Figure 2 ,like Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment... Figure 1 Based on the examples, the process of determining the hydrostatic pressure of the wellbore fluid column in real time according to the basic fracturing parameters and fracturing operation parameters is described in detail. This method includes:

[0072] Step S201: Determine the cumulative fluid volume of the oil well in real time during the fracturing process based on the fracturing operation parameters.

[0073] Specifically, the cumulative fluid volume of the oil well during the fracturing process can be determined in real time based on the fracturing operation parameters. The description of the fracturing operation parameters can be found in step S101, and will not be repeated here.

[0074] This application does not limit the fracturing operation parameters. Optionally, the fracturing operation parameters include: the sampling time of the operation parameters and the sand discharge rate corresponding to the sampling time. The sampling time of the operation parameters is a preset time for sampling the operation parameters. This application does not limit the sampling time of the operation parameters. Optionally, it can be at a preset time interval, such as every 2 seconds; alternatively, it can be at a random time interval, such as randomly selecting a time interval of 2 seconds, 3 seconds, or 4 seconds. The sand discharge rate is the amount of sand-carrying fluid discharged from the oil well during the fracturing process. The sand discharge rate corresponding to different sampling times of the operation parameters can be different. Table 1 shows an example of the fracturing operation parameters for a certain oil well within a certain sampling time period.

[0075] Table 1

[0076]

[0077] The unit of sand discharge rate corresponding to the sampling time of the operation parameters is m. 3 / min.

[0078] Optionally, if the fracturing operation parameters include: the sampling time of the operation parameters and the sand removal rate corresponding to the sampling time of the operation parameters, the process of determining the cumulative fluid volume of the oil well in real time during the fracturing process based on the fracturing operation parameters may include: first, determining the single-point fluid volume corresponding to the sampling time of the operation parameters based on the sampling time of the operation parameters and the sand removal rate corresponding to the sampling time of the operation parameters; then, determining the cumulative fluid volume of the oil well in real time based on the single-point fluid volume corresponding to the sampling time of the operation parameters.

[0079] The single-point fluid volume refers to the cumulative amount of proppant-carrying fluid discharged between the current sampling time and the previous sampling time during fracturing operations. The formula for calculating the single-point fluid volume is as follows:

[0080]

[0081] Where FA (flow amount) is the single-point flow rate, that is, the cumulative amount of sand-carrying liquid discharged between the current sampling time of the operating parameters and the sampling time of the previous operating parameters, and flowRate is the sand discharge rate corresponding to the current sampling time of the operating parameters, in m³. 3 / min, timeDiff is the time difference between the current job parameter sampling time and the previous job parameter sampling time.

[0082] For example, if the current sampling time for the operation parameter is 06:51:16 on June 23, 2023, and the sampling time for the previous operation parameter is 06:51:14 on June 23, 2023, then the time difference (timeDiff) between the current and previous operation parameter sampling times is 2 seconds, and the sand discharge rate (flowRate) corresponding to the current operation parameter sampling time is 17.99 m³ / s. 3 The calculated single-point liquid volume FA is 0.5997 m³ / min. 3 .

[0083] The cumulative fluid volume refers to the amount of proppant-carrying fluid discharged during fracturing operations prior to the sampling time of the current operating parameters. If the cumulative fluid volume reaches the sum of the wellbore volume and the pipeline volume, it is determined that the proppant-carrying fluid has filled the entire pipeline and wellbore, and injection into the bottom layer begins subsequently.

[0084] The formula for the cumulative liquid volume is as follows:

[0085]

[0086] Where FAA stands for Cumulative Fluid Volume, which is the cumulative amount of proppant-carrying fluid discharged during fracturing operations prior to the sampling time of the current operating parameters. iLet n be the single-point liquid volume corresponding to the sampling time of the i-th operation parameter, and n be the number of operation parameter sampling time points included in the sampling time period.

[0087] For example, if the current operation parameter sampling time is 2023-06-23 06:51:16, the single-point liquid volume corresponding to the current operation parameter sampling time is 0.5997m. 3 The cumulative liquid volume corresponding to the sampling time of the previous operation parameters was 201.77m. 3 Therefore, the single-point liquid volume corresponding to the current operation parameter sampling time is 202.37m. 3 .

[0088] Table 2 provides examples of the single-point fluid volume and cumulative fluid volume of the oil wells shown in Table 1 within the corresponding sampling time period.

[0089] Table 2

[0090]

[0091] In the initial stage of fracturing, as the sand discharge rate and sand concentration initially increase, the cumulative fluid volume and the cumulative fluid volume within the pipeline also increase accordingly, until the cumulative fluid volume within the pipeline reaches the pipeline volume. Subsequently, before the sand-carrying fluid completely fills the wellbore, the cumulative fluid volume and the cumulative fluid volume within the wellbore also increase accordingly, until the cumulative fluid volume increases to the sum of the pipeline volume and the wellbore volume. Once the cumulative fluid volume increases to the sum of the pipeline volume and the wellbore volume, the wellbore is completely filled with the sand-carrying fluid, which then begins to permeate into the formation. The values ​​within the pipeline and the wellbore then remain fixed at their maximum values, i.e., the sum of the wellbore volume and the pipeline volume.

[0092] The basic parameters for fracturing include: wellbore volume and pipeline volume.

[0093] The descriptions of wellbore volume and pipeline volume can be found in the embodiments shown above, and will not be repeated here.

[0094] Step S202: If the cumulative fluid volume is determined to be less than or equal to the pipeline volume included in the basic fracturing parameters, then the hydrostatic pressure of the wellbore fluid column is determined to be zero.

[0095] Specifically, if the cumulative fluid volume determined in step S201 is less than or equal to the pipeline volume included in the fracturing basic parameters, then the hydrostatic pressure of the wellbore fluid column is determined to be zero.

[0096] If the cumulative fluid volume determined in step S201 is less than or equal to the pipeline volume included in the fracturing basic parameters, then the sampling time of the current operation parameters is determined. The sand-carrying fluid has not yet been injected into the wellbore of the oil well. At this time, the pressure exerted by the liquid in the wellbore on the wellhead of the oil well can be defaulted to zero, that is, the static pressure of the wellbore fluid column is determined to be zero.

[0097] Step S203: Otherwise, determine the static pressure of the wellbore fluid column in real time based on the fracturing operation parameters, cumulative fluid volume, and wellbore volume included in the fracturing basic parameters.

[0098] Specifically, if the cumulative fluid volume is determined to be greater than the pipeline volume included in the basic fracturing parameters, then the sampling time of the current operation parameters is determined, and the sand-carrying fluid has begun to be injected into the wellbore. At this time, the static pressure of the wellbore fluid column can be determined in real time based on the fracturing operation parameters, the cumulative fluid volume, and the wellbore volume included in the basic fracturing parameters.

[0099] Optionally, the fracturing operation parameters include: the sampling time of the operation parameters and the sand concentration corresponding to the sampling time. The description of the sampling time can be found in step S201 and will not be repeated here. The sand concentration is the concentration of sand in the sand-carrying fluid during the fracturing process. The sand discharge rate corresponding to different sampling times can be different. Table 3 shows examples of sand concentrations in the oil wells shown in Table 1 within the corresponding sampling time periods.

[0100] Table 3

[0101]

[0102] The unit of sand concentration corresponding to the sampling time of the operation parameter is kg / m³. 3 .

[0103] Optionally, if the fracturing operation parameters include: the sampling time of the operation parameters and the sand concentration corresponding to the sampling time of the operation parameters, the process of determining the hydrostatic pressure of the wellbore fluid column in real time based on the fracturing operation parameters, cumulative fluid volume, and wellbore volume included in the basic fracturing parameters may include: first determining the wellbore depth corresponding to the sampling time of the operation parameters based on the cumulative fluid volume and the pipeline volume included in the basic fracturing parameters; then determining the hydrostatic pressure of the wellbore fluid column in real time based on the wellbore depth corresponding to the sampling time of the operation parameters and the sand concentration corresponding to the sampling time of the operation parameters included in the fracturing operation parameters.

[0104] The wellbore depth corresponding to the sampling time of the operation parameters is the wellbore depth reached by the sand-carrying fluid at the sampling time point of the operation parameters.

[0105] In this application, the process of determining the wellbore depth corresponding to the sampling time of the operation parameters based on the cumulative fluid volume and the pipeline volume included in the basic fracturing parameters is not limited. Optionally, the amount of sand-carrying fluid discharged into the wellbore can be determined first based on the cumulative fluid volume and the pipeline volume included in the basic fracturing parameters; and then the wellbore depth corresponding to the sampling time of the operation parameters can be determined based on the determined amount of sand-carrying fluid discharged into the wellbore.

[0106] In this application, the process of determining the wellbore depth corresponding to the sampling time of the operation parameters based on the determined amount of sand-carrying fluid discharged into the wellbore is not limited. Optionally, the wellbore depth corresponding to the sampling time of the operation parameters can be determined based on the casing inner diameter, casing length, and casing hanger position of each casing in at least one casing, and the determined amount of sand-carrying fluid discharged into the wellbore.

[0107] If the oil well is a vertical well, the vertical depth reached by the sand-carrying fluid discharged into the wellbore is determined based on the casing parameters of each casing in at least one casing, including the casing inner diameter, casing length, and casing hanger position, and the determined amount of sand-carrying fluid discharged into the wellbore. This depth is the wellbore depth corresponding to the sampling time of the operation parameters.

[0108] If the oil well is an inclined well, the inclination depth reached by the sand-carrying fluid discharged into the wellbore can be determined first based on the casing parameters of each casing in at least one casing, including the casing inner diameter, casing length, and casing hanger position, and the determined amount of sand-carrying fluid discharged into the wellbore. Then, based on the two upper and lower measurement points and the determined inclination depth reached by the sand-carrying fluid discharged into the wellbore, the vertical depth reached by the sand-carrying fluid discharged into the wellbore can be calculated, i.e., the wellbore depth corresponding to the sampling time of the operating parameters. The upper and lower measurement points are points within the wellbore with known vertical and inclination depths.

[0109] Figure 3 This is an example diagram of an inclined shaft provided in an embodiment of this application. Point C is the measurement point where the vertical depth is to be calculated, and points A and B are measurement points where the vertical depth and inclined depth are known.

[0110] The formula for calculating the vertical depth of point C is as follows:

[0111]

[0112] in, Let be the vertical depth of point A. Let A be the depth of inclination. Let B be the vertical depth. Let B be the depth of inclination. Let C be the vertical depth. Let C be the inclination depth.

[0113] This application does not limit the process of determining the hydrostatic pressure of the wellbore fluid column in real time based on the wellbore depth corresponding to the sampling time of the operation parameters and the sand concentration corresponding to the sampling time of the operation parameters included in the fracturing operation parameters. The hydrostatic pressure of the wellbore fluid column is as follows:

[0114]

[0115] Among them, P 液柱 h is the static pressure of the hydraulic column in the wellbore of the oil well. ver The wellbore depth corresponding to the sampling time of the operation parameters, sand 浓度 The sand concentration corresponding to the sampling time of the operation parameter. 体密度 The bulk density of sand in the sand-carrying liquid is typically 2700 kg / m³. 3 water 密度 The density of water is typically 1 kg / m³. 3 g is the gravitational velocity of 9.8 N / kg.

[0116] Table 4 shows examples of the hydrostatic pressure of the wellbore fluid column in the oil wells shown in Table 1 during the corresponding sampling time period.

[0117] Table 4

[0118]

[0119] As shown in Table 4, based on the descriptions in steps S202 and S203, since the cumulative liquid volume is less than or equal to 204.17m... 3 At that time, the hydrostatic pressure of the wellbore fluid column was zero, and the cumulative fluid volume was greater than or equal to 204.77 m³. 3 At that time, the hydrostatic pressure of the wellbore fluid column was greater than zero; therefore, the pipeline volume was greater than or equal to 204.17 m³. 3 Less than 204.77m 3 One of the values.

[0120] Optionally, during the real-time determination of the wellbore hydrostatic pressure based on fracturing operation parameters, cumulative fluid volume, and the wellbore volume included in the fracturing baseline parameters, if the cumulative fluid volume is determined to be greater than the sum of the wellbore volume and pipeline volume included in the fracturing baseline parameters, the wellbore is completely filled with proppant-carrying fluid, and the proppant-carrying fluid begins to penetrate into the formation. In this process, when determining the wellbore depth corresponding to the operation parameter sampling time based on the cumulative fluid volume and the pipeline volume included in the fracturing baseline parameters, the operation parameter time period corresponding to the proppant-carrying fluid penetrating to the bottom layer can be determined first. Then, the fracturing operation parameters corresponding to the operation parameter sampling time period can be deleted before determining the wellbore depth corresponding to the operation parameter sampling time, further determining the wellbore hydrostatic pressure.

[0121] The embodiments of this application provide a process for determining the static pressure of the wellbore fluid column in real time based on fracturing basic parameters and fracturing operation parameters. By determining the cumulative fluid volume of the oil well during the fracturing process in real time based on the fracturing operation parameters, if the cumulative fluid volume is less than or equal to the pipeline volume included in the fracturing basic parameters, the static pressure of the wellbore fluid column is determined to be zero. Otherwise, the static pressure of the wellbore fluid column is determined in real time based on the fracturing operation parameters, the cumulative fluid volume, and the wellbore volume included in the fracturing basic parameters. In particular, the static pressure of the wellbore fluid column can be accurately determined based on the cumulative fluid volume during the fracturing process, thereby accurately providing early warning for fracturing operations and further improving the safety of fracturing operations.

[0122] Figure 4 Flowchart of the early warning method for fracturing operations provided in this application Figure 3 ,like Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment... Figure 1 or Figure 2 Based on the examples, the process of early warning processing for oil well fracturing operations based on fracturing operation parameters and wellbore hydrostatic pressure is described in detail. This method includes:

[0123] Step S401: Determine the wellhead pressure of the oil well in real time based on the fracturing operation parameters and the hydrostatic pressure of the wellbore fluid column.

[0124] Specifically, the wellhead pressure of the oil well can be determined in real time based on the fracturing operation parameters and the hydrostatic pressure of the wellbore fluid column. The wellhead pressure refers to the pressure exerted at the wellhead. This application does not limit the specific wellhead pressure; any pressure exerted at the wellhead determined based on the fracturing operation parameters and the hydrostatic pressure of the wellbore fluid column can be used as the wellhead pressure provided in this application.

[0125] Optionally, the fracturing operation parameters also include: the sampling time of the operation parameters, and the casing pressure corresponding to the sampling time. The casing pressure is the pressure exerted by the fluid in the wellbore's tubing on the wellhead. The casing pressure value changes as the fracturing operation progresses. For example, if the proppant-carrying fluid has not filled the tubing, the casing pressure can be determined to be zero. If the proppant-carrying fluid begins to be injected into the wellbore, the casing pressure changes with the proppant concentration in the tubing.

[0126] Optionally, if the fracturing operation parameters also include: operation parameter sampling time and casing pressure corresponding to the operation parameter sampling time, the process of determining the wellhead pressure of the oil well in real time based on the fracturing operation parameters and the hydrostatic pressure of the wellbore fluid column may include: determining the wellhead pressure of the oil well in real time based on the casing pressure corresponding to the operation parameter sampling time and the hydrostatic pressure of the wellbore fluid column included in the fracturing operation parameters.

[0127] Specifically, the process of determining the wellhead pressure of an oil well in real time based on the casing pressure and wellbore hydrostatic pressure corresponding to the sampling time of the fracturing operation parameters can be described as follows: the sum of the casing pressure and the wellbore hydrostatic pressure corresponding to the sampling time of the fracturing operation parameters is taken as the wellhead pressure of the oil well at the sampling time of the fracturing operation parameters. The formula for calculating the wellhead pressure is as follows:

[0128]

[0129] Among them, P 井口 P is the wellhead pressure of the oil well. 液柱 P is the hydrostatic pressure of the wellbore fluid column corresponding to the sampling time of the operation parameters. 套压 The pressure corresponding to the sampling time of the operation parameters.

[0130] Step S402: Based on the wellhead pressure of the oil well, conduct early warning processing for fracturing operations of the oil well.

[0131] Specifically, based on the wellhead pressure determined in step S403, an early warning system for fracturing operations can be implemented on the oil well. This application does not limit the process of implementing the early warning system for fracturing operations based on the wellhead pressure. Optionally, the process may include: first obtaining the maximum limiting pressure of the oil well and calculating the difference between the wellhead pressure and the maximum limiting pressure; then, based on the calculated difference and at least one preset early warning range threshold, implementing an early warning system for fracturing operations on the oil well.

[0132] The maximum limiting pressure of an oil well is the maximum pressure that the wellhead can withstand. Different oil wells have different maximum limiting pressures. The formula for calculating the difference between the wellhead pressure and the maximum limiting pressure is as follows:

[0133]

[0134] Among them, P 差值 P is the difference between the wellhead pressure and the maximum limiting pressure of the oil well. 限制 This is the maximum limiting pressure for the oil well.

[0135] The warning range threshold is a preset pressure range threshold for issuing warnings about fracturing operations. This application does not limit the number of preset warning range thresholds, where different thresholds correspond to different warning levels. For example, two warning range thresholds can be preset: one at 0 Pa - 10 Pa and the other at 10 Pa - 20 Pa. The 0 Pa - 10 Pa threshold corresponds to a mild warning, and the 10 Pa - 20 Pa threshold corresponds to an emergency warning. That is, if the calculated difference is between 0 Pa and 10 Pa, a mild warning is issued for fracturing operations on the oil well; if the calculated difference is between 10 Pa and 20 Pa, an emergency warning is issued for fracturing operations on the oil well.

[0136] Optionally, during the early warning process for fracturing operations based on the wellhead pressure, parameter curves during the fracturing operation can be presented to the user to provide a more intuitive view of the fracturing process. This application does not limit the type of parameter curves; optionally, they may include, but are not limited to, at least one of the following: sand concentration parameter curve, sand displacement parameter curve, cumulative fluid volume parameter curve, cumulative fluid volume parameter curve within the pipeline, cumulative fluid volume parameter curve within the wellbore, wellbore hydrostatic pressure parameter curve, and casing pressure parameter curve.

[0137] The present application provides a process for early warning of oil well fracturing operations based on fracturing operation parameters and wellbore hydrostatic pressure. By determining the wellhead pressure of the oil well in real time based on the fracturing operation parameters and wellbore hydrostatic pressure, early warning of oil well fracturing operations is provided. In particular, the wellhead pressure of the oil well can be determined in a timely manner based on the fracturing operation parameters and wellbore hydrostatic pressure, thereby improving the accuracy of early warning of fracturing operations and further improving the safety of fracturing operations.

[0138] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the early warning device for fracturing operations provided in this application is shown below. Figure 5As shown, the early warning device 50 for fracturing operations provided in this embodiment includes:

[0139] The acquisition module 501 is used to acquire the basic fracturing parameters of the oil well and to acquire the fracturing operation parameters of the oil well in real time during the fracturing construction process; the basic fracturing parameters are the basic parameters of the oil well related to the fracturing construction process of the oil well; the fracturing operation parameters are the operation parameters during the fracturing construction process of the oil well.

[0140] The early warning module 502 is used to determine the hydrostatic pressure of the wellbore fluid column in real time based on the fracturing basic parameters and fracturing operation parameters, and to provide early warning processing for fracturing operations of the oil well based on the fracturing operation parameters and hydrostatic pressure of the wellbore fluid column; wherein, the hydrostatic pressure of the wellbore fluid column is the pressure exerted by the liquid in the wellbore on the wellhead of the oil well.

[0141] In one possible embodiment, the fracturing basic parameters include: wellbore volume and pipeline volume; acquisition module 501 is specifically used to acquire the casing parameters of at least one casing of the oil well; wherein, the casing parameters include the casing inner diameter, casing length, and casing hanger position; based on the casing inner diameter, casing length, and casing hanger position of each casing in at least one casing, the wellbore volume included in the fracturing basic parameters is calculated; pipeline parameters of the oil well's pipeline are acquired; wherein, the pipeline parameters include the pipeline length and pipeline inner diameter; based on the pipeline length and pipeline inner diameter included in the pipeline parameters, the pipeline volume included in the fracturing basic parameters is calculated.

[0142] In one possible embodiment, the basic fracturing parameters include: wellbore volume and pipeline volume; the early warning module 502 includes a determination unit, used to determine the cumulative fluid volume of the oil well during the fracturing process in real time based on the fracturing operation parameters; if the cumulative fluid volume is less than or equal to the pipeline volume included in the basic fracturing parameters, then the static pressure of the wellbore fluid column is determined to be zero; otherwise, the static pressure of the wellbore fluid column is determined in real time based on the fracturing operation parameters, the cumulative fluid volume, and the wellbore volume included in the basic fracturing parameters.

[0143] In one possible embodiment, the fracturing operation parameters include: operation parameter sampling time and sand discharge rate corresponding to the operation parameter sampling time; wherein, sand discharge rate is the discharge rate of sand-carrying fluid from the oil well during the fracturing process; the determining unit is specifically used to determine the single-point fluid volume corresponding to the operation parameter sampling time based on the operation parameter sampling time and the sand discharge rate corresponding to the operation parameter sampling time included in the fracturing operation parameters; and to determine the cumulative fluid volume of the oil well during the fracturing process in real time based on the single-point fluid volume corresponding to the operation parameter sampling time.

[0144] In one possible embodiment, the fracturing operation parameters include: operation parameter sampling time and sand concentration corresponding to the operation parameter sampling time; wherein, the sand concentration is the concentration of sand in the sand-carrying fluid of the oil well during the fracturing process; the determining unit is further specifically used to determine the wellbore depth corresponding to the operation parameter sampling time based on the cumulative fluid volume and the pipeline volume included in the fracturing basic parameters; and to determine the wellbore fluid column static pressure of the oil well in real time based on the wellbore depth corresponding to the operation parameter sampling time and the sand concentration corresponding to the operation parameter sampling time included in the fracturing operation parameters.

[0145] In one possible embodiment, the early warning module 502 further includes an early warning unit for determining the wellhead pressure of the oil well in real time based on the fracturing operation parameters and the hydrostatic pressure of the wellbore fluid column; and for providing early warning processing for fracturing operations of the oil well based on the wellhead pressure of the oil well.

[0146] In one possible embodiment, the fracturing operation parameters further include: operation parameter sampling time and casing pressure corresponding to the operation parameter sampling time; casing pressure is the pressure exerted by the fluid in the pipeline of the oil well on the wellhead of the oil well; and an early warning unit, specifically used to determine the wellhead pressure of the oil well in real time based on the casing pressure corresponding to the operation parameter sampling time and the hydrostatic pressure of the wellbore fluid column included in the fracturing operation parameters.

[0147] In one possible embodiment, the early warning unit is further specifically used to obtain the maximum limiting pressure of the oil well and calculate the difference between the wellhead pressure and the maximum limiting pressure of the oil well; based on the calculated difference and at least one preset early warning range threshold, to perform early warning processing for fracturing operations on the oil well; wherein, different early warning range thresholds correspond to different early warning levels.

[0148] The early warning device for fracturing operations provided in this embodiment can execute the method provided in the above-described method embodiment. Its implementation principle and technical effect are similar, and will not be described in detail here.

[0149] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device provided in this application. Figure 6 As shown, the electronic device 60 provided in this embodiment includes at least one processor 601 and a memory 602. Optionally, the device 60 further includes a communication component 603. The processor 601, memory 602, and communication component 603 are connected via a bus 604.

[0150] In a specific implementation, at least one processor 601 executes computer execution instructions stored in memory 602, causing at least one processor 601 to perform the above-described method.

[0151] The specific implementation process of processor 601 can be found in the above method embodiments, and its implementation principle and technical effect are similar. It will not be repeated here.

[0152] In the above embodiments, it should be understood that the processor can be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), etc. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The steps of the method disclosed in this invention can be directly implemented by a hardware processor, or implemented by a combination of hardware and software modules within the processor.

[0153] The memory may include random access memory (RAM) and may also include non-volatile memory (NVM), such as at least one disk storage device.

[0154] The bus can be an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, etc. Buses can be categorized as address buses, data buses, control buses, etc. For ease of illustration, the buses shown in the accompanying drawings are not limited to a single bus or a single type of bus.

[0155] This application also provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described method.

[0156] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by a processor, implement the above-described method.

[0157] The aforementioned readable storage medium can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, such as static random access memory (SRAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), read-only memory (ROM), magnetic storage, flash memory, magnetic disk, or optical disk. The readable storage medium can be any available medium accessible to a general-purpose or special-purpose computer.

[0158] An exemplary readable storage medium is coupled to a processor, enabling the processor to read information from and write information to the readable storage medium. Of course, the readable storage medium can also be a component of the processor. The processor and the readable storage medium can reside in an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC). Alternatively, the processor and the readable storage medium can exist as discrete components in the device.

[0159] The division of units is merely a logical functional division; in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices, or units, and may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0160] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0161] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present invention can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

[0162] If a function is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods of the various embodiments of this invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0163] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps of the above-described method embodiments can be implemented by hardware related to program instructions. The aforementioned program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When executed, the program performs the steps of the above-described method embodiments; and the aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as ROM, RAM, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0164] Finally, it should be noted that other embodiments of the invention will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This invention is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention that follow the general principles of the invention and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein, and is not limited to the precise structures described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of the invention is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for early warning during fracturing operations, characterized in that, include: Acquire the basic fracturing parameters of the oil well, and acquire the fracturing operation parameters of the oil well in real time during the fracturing construction process; The fracturing basic parameters are the basic parameters of the oil well related to the fracturing construction process of the oil well; the fracturing operation parameters are the operation parameters during the fracturing construction process of the oil well. Based on the fracturing basic parameters and the fracturing operation parameters, the hydrostatic pressure of the wellbore fluid column in the oil well is determined in real time, and early warning processing for fracturing construction of the oil well is carried out based on the fracturing operation parameters and the hydrostatic pressure of the wellbore fluid column; wherein, the hydrostatic pressure of the wellbore fluid column is the pressure exerted by the liquid in the wellbore on the wellhead of the oil well.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The basic fracturing parameters include: wellbore volume and pipeline volume; obtaining the basic fracturing parameters of an oil well includes: Obtain casing parameters for at least one casing of the oil well; wherein the casing parameters include casing inner diameter, casing length, and casing hanger position; The wellbore volume included in the fracturing basic parameters is calculated based on the casing inner diameter, casing length, and casing hanger position of each casing in the at least one casing. Obtain the pipeline parameters of the oil well's pipeline; wherein, the pipeline parameters include pipeline length and pipeline inner diameter; The pipeline volume included in the fracturing foundation parameters is calculated based on the pipeline length and pipeline inner diameter included in the pipeline parameters.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The basic fracturing parameters include: wellbore volume and pipeline volume; based on the basic fracturing parameters and the fracturing operation parameters, the static pressure of the wellbore fluid column is determined in real time, including: Based on the fracturing operation parameters, the cumulative fluid volume of the oil well during the fracturing process is determined in real time. If it is determined that the cumulative fluid volume is less than or equal to the pipeline volume included in the fracturing basic parameters, then the wellbore fluid column static pressure of the oil well is determined to be zero. Otherwise, the wellbore hydrostatic pressure is determined in real time based on the fracturing operation parameters, the cumulative fluid volume, and the pipeline volume included in the fracturing basic parameters.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The fracturing operation parameters include: operation parameter sampling time and sand discharge rate corresponding to the operation parameter sampling time; wherein, the sand discharge rate is the discharge rate of sand-carrying fluid from the oil well during the fracturing process; Based on the fracturing operation parameters, the cumulative fluid volume of the oil well during the fracturing process is determined in real time, including: Based on the sampling time of the fracturing operation parameters and the sand discharge rate corresponding to the sampling time of the operation parameters, the single-point fluid volume corresponding to the sampling time of the operation parameters is determined; Based on the single-point fluid volume corresponding to the sampling time of the operation parameters, the cumulative fluid volume of the oil well during the fracturing process is determined in real time.

5. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The fracturing operation parameters include: operation parameter sampling time and sand concentration corresponding to the operation parameter sampling time; wherein, the sand concentration is the concentration of sand in the sand-carrying fluid of the oil well during the fracturing process; Based on the fracturing operation parameters, the cumulative fluid volume, and the pipeline volume included in the fracturing basic parameters, the wellbore hydrostatic pressure is determined in real time, including: Based on the cumulative fluid volume and the pipeline volume included in the fracturing basic parameters, determine the wellbore depth corresponding to the sampling time of the operation parameters; The hydrostatic pressure of the wellbore fluid column is determined in real time based on the wellbore depth corresponding to the sampling time of the operation parameters and the sand concentration corresponding to the sampling time of the operation parameters included in the fracturing operation parameters.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Early warning processing for fracturing operations of the oil well based on the fracturing operation parameters and the hydrostatic pressure of the wellbore fluid column includes: The wellhead pressure of the oil well is determined in real time based on the fracturing operation parameters and the hydrostatic pressure of the wellbore fluid column. Early warning processing for fracturing operations of the oil well based on the wellhead pressure.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The fracturing operation parameters also include: operation parameter sampling time and casing pressure corresponding to the operation parameter sampling time; the casing pressure is the pressure exerted by the fluid in the pipeline of the oil well on the wellhead of the oil well; Based on the fracturing operation parameters and the hydrostatic pressure of the wellbore fluid column, the wellhead pressure of the oil well is determined in real time, including: The wellhead pressure of the oil well is determined in real time based on the casing pressure corresponding to the sampling time of the operation parameters included in the fracturing operation parameters, and the hydrostatic pressure of the wellbore fluid column.

8. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, Early warning processing for fracturing operations on the oil well based on the wellhead pressure includes: Obtain the maximum limiting pressure of the oil well, and calculate the difference between the wellhead pressure and the maximum limiting pressure of the oil well; Based on the calculated difference and at least one preset warning range threshold, a warning process is initiated for fracturing operations on the oil well; wherein different warning range thresholds correspond to different warning levels.

9. An early warning device for fracturing operations, characterized in that, include: The acquisition module is used to acquire the basic fracturing parameters of the oil well and to acquire the fracturing operation parameters of the oil well in real time during the fracturing construction process. The fracturing basic parameters are the basic parameters of the oil well related to the fracturing construction process of the oil well; the fracturing operation parameters are the operation parameters during the fracturing construction process of the oil well. The early warning module is used to determine the hydrostatic pressure of the wellbore fluid column in real time based on the fracturing basic parameters and the fracturing operation parameters, and to provide early warning processing for fracturing operations of the oil well based on the fracturing operation parameters and the hydrostatic pressure of the wellbore fluid column; wherein, the hydrostatic pressure of the wellbore fluid column is the pressure exerted by the liquid in the wellbore on the wellhead of the oil well.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: Memory, processor; The memory stores computer-executed instructions; The processor executes computer execution instructions stored in the memory, causing the processor to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1-8.

11. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by a processor, are used to implement the method as described in any one of claims 1-8.

12. A computer program product, characterized in that, Includes a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method described in any one of claims 1-8.

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