A device for measuring the adhesion of ice on a high-speed railway contact line

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of high-speed railway traction power supply equipment testing, and is a device for measuring the ice adhesion force of a high-speed railway contact line. The device comprises a support assembly, a contact line fixing assembly, an ice forming assembly, a loading and measuring assembly, and a data processing assembly. The working core is the standardized forming, controllable loading, and precise force measurement of the ice sample through the coordinated action of the various assemblies. The device achieves stable installation and reliable positioning of the contact line for measurement, effectively improving the repeatability and comparability of the test results. The device achieves stable, continuous, and controllable loading of the adhesion force, ensuring the accuracy and traceability of the test data. The device achieves unified measurement of the normal tensile adhesion force and the tangential shear adhesion force in two different direction interface failure conditions using the same device, significantly improving the universality and test application range. The device is suitable for ice adhesion performance testing under different contact line materials, different ice sizes, different temperature conditions, and different interface states.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of testing technology for high-speed railway traction power supply equipment, and in particular to a measuring device for measuring the adhesion force of ice accretion on high-speed railway contact lines. Background Technology

[0002] High-speed railway contact lines are constantly exposed to complex natural environments such as low temperatures, snowfall, and freezing rain, making their surfaces prone to icing. Icing not only alters the surface condition and current collection conditions of the contact line, affecting the quality of pantograph-catenary contact, but can also, in severe cases, threaten the operational safety of the traction power supply system. Therefore, accurately obtaining the adhesion force parameters between the icing on the high-speed railway contact line and its surface is of significant scientific importance and engineering application value for revealing the mechanisms of icing formation and detachment, evaluating de-icing effectiveness, and developing anti-icing measures.

[0003] Existing methods for testing icing adhesion force are mostly designed for flat plate specimens, ordinary cylindrical specimens, or general metal surfaces, making them unsuitable for irregularly shaped conductor structures with unique cross-sectional profiles, such as high-speed railway contact lines. Furthermore, existing methods have significant shortcomings in specimen fixation, icing formation, load control, and testing functionality: firstly, contact line specimens are prone to displacement, rotation, or shaking during testing, making it difficult to standardize the size, shape, and contact area of ​​iced specimens; secondly, testing schemes typically only reflect desorption loads in a single direction, failing to account for both normal tensile adhesion and tangential shear adhesion, and the insufficient precision in controlling the loading direction and speed affects the repeatability and accuracy of the measurement results.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a measuring device for the icing adhesion force of high-speed railway contact wires to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to solve the above-mentioned problems and provide a measuring device for the icing adhesion force of high-speed railway contact lines. It solves the problems of poor adaptability, low measurement accuracy and single test conditions of existing test devices, realizes accurate and stable measurement of the icing adhesion force of high-speed railway contact lines, and takes into account two typical working conditions, normal tension and tangential shear, thereby improving the repeatability and comparability of test results.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the aforementioned problem is as follows: A measuring device for measuring the adhesion force of ice accretion on high-speed railway contact lines includes a support assembly, a contact line fixing assembly, an ice accretion forming assembly, a loading and measuring assembly, and a data processing assembly. The support assembly is used to support the entire measuring device and provide support for the entire testing process; The contact wire fixing component is disposed above the support component and is configured to position and fix the measuring contact wire in a first spatial posture or a second spatial posture. The ice-forming assembly has a built-in mold shell, which is used to accommodate the portion of the contact line to be tested and to prepare a standardized ice-forming sample on the portion of the contact line using the mold shell. The loading and measurement component is used to apply a controllable linear load to the ice-covered sample and detect the normal or tangential adhesion force between the ice-covered sample and the measurement contact line in real time, and output a force detection signal. The data processing component is electrically connected to the loading measurement component and is configured to acquire and process the force detection signal and output the adhesion force detection result.

[0007] Furthermore, the support assembly includes a device platform and a detachable mounting base; The device platform adopts a high-rigidity alloy structure to reduce additional measurement errors caused by vibration and displacement during the test. The detachable mounting base is detachably connected to the device platform. By adjusting the installation angle between the detachable mounting base and the device platform, the spatial orientation of the measuring contact line can be adjusted from a first spatial orientation to a second spatial orientation, or the spatial orientation of the measuring contact line can be adjusted from a second spatial orientation to a first spatial orientation.

[0008] Furthermore, the contact wire fixing assembly includes two dedicated contact wire clamping fixtures; Both contact wire clamps are vertically mounted on the detachable mounting base, and the inner contour of the contact wire clamps is adapted to the shape of the measuring contact wire. They are used to clamp the end of the measuring contact wire together to prevent it from shifting, rotating or shaking during the ice forming and loading test, while reducing damage to the surface of the measuring contact wire.

[0009] Furthermore, the ice-forming assembly includes a mold housing and a pull handle; the pull handle is detachably connected to the mold housing and is used to establish a load transfer connection with the loading measurement assembly.

[0010] Furthermore, the loading measurement component includes a force gauge, a force transmission connector, a linear transmission loading mechanism, and a drive motor; The tensile gauge is connected to the tensile handle and the tensile transmission connector, and is used to measure the external load on the iced sample during desorption or slippage in real time, and transmit the measured force signal to the data processing component. The tension transmission connector is located between the tension gauge and the linear transmission loading mechanism. It is used to establish a reliable force transmission path between the tension gauge and the linear transmission loading mechanism, ensuring that the displacement and load output by the drive motor can be smoothly transmitted to the ice-covered sample, and reducing measurement errors caused by loose connection, eccentric force or local instability during the loading process. The linear transmission loading mechanism is connected to the tensile force transmission connector and is used to convert the rotational motion of the drive motor into linear loading motion along a set direction, thereby achieving stable, continuous and controllable loading during the adhesion force test of the icing sample.

[0011] Furthermore, the linear transmission loading mechanism includes any one of a lead screw slide, a linear module, or a winding traction mechanism.

[0012] Furthermore, the drive motor is a servo motor or a stepper motor, used to provide power to the linear transmission loading mechanism.

[0013] Furthermore, the force gauge adopts a high-precision electronic force gauge or a high-precision force sensor, whose measurement range matches the actual measurement range of the icing adhesion force of the high-speed railway contact line, and can output continuous and stable force signals in real time; the drive motor can realize multiple loading modes such as constant speed loading and programmable loading, ensuring the stability and accuracy of the loading process and adapting to the loading requirements of different test conditions.

[0014] Furthermore, the data processing component includes a data acquisition terminal and a display module; The data acquisition terminal is used to acquire the force signal output by the tension gauge in real time, filter and reduce noise of the signal, and automatically extract key characteristic parameters such as adhesion force peak and critical slip force. The display module is used to synchronously display the force value change curve during the loading process, supports the storage and export of measurement data, and provides data support for the quantitative analysis of the adhesion performance between the icing sample and the measurement contact line.

[0015] A method for measuring the icing adhesion force of high-speed railway contact wires, implemented using a measuring device for measuring the icing adhesion force of high-speed railway contact wires, includes the following steps: S1. Assembly and sample installation: Assemble and fix the support components, contact wire fixing components, ice-forming components, loading measurement components and data processing components using standardized connectors. Adjust the installation angle of the detachable mounting base according to the test requirements. Clamp and fix the measuring contact wire using a special contact wire clamping fixture to ensure that the measuring contact wire is not offset or loose. S2. Preparation of icing sample: Install the mold shell on the outside of the area to be measured on the measuring contact line, so that the mold shell and the measuring contact line enclose a closed icing forming cavity. Inject a certain amount of deionized water into the icing forming cavity, and freeze the entire device in a low temperature environment to form a standardized icing sample on the surface of the measuring contact line. S3. Loading test preparation: Connect the tension gauge to the tension handle, debug the linear transmission loading mechanism and drive motor, ensure that the loading direction is consistent with the preset test direction, start the data acquisition terminal, complete the equipment debugging, and ensure that all components are operating normally. S4. Adhesion force measurement: Start the drive motor and apply a controllable linear load to the tensile tester through the linear transmission loading mechanism. The tensile tester detects the adhesion force between the iced sample and the measurement contact line in real time and outputs the force value signal. The data acquisition terminal collects and processes the force value signal simultaneously, and the display module displays the force value change curve simultaneously. S5. Data processing and working condition switching: When the icing sample desorbs or slips, the data acquisition terminal automatically extracts the adhesion peak or critical slip force as a characterization parameter to complete a single measurement. If it is necessary to switch to another working condition for testing, the installation angle of the detachable mounting base is readjusted to change the loading direction, and the icing sample is prepared again. Steps S3 to S4 are repeated to achieve the switching measurement of normal tensile adhesion force and tangential shear adhesion force. S6. After the test is completed, turn off the drive motor and data acquisition terminal, export the measurement data, disassemble the ice-forming component and measurement contact line, clean and inspect each component, and complete the entire test process.

[0016] The present invention, which adopts the above technical solution, has the following prominent features compared with the prior art: 1. This invention achieves stable installation and reliable positioning of the measuring contact wire through the cooperation of a detachable mounting base and a special clamping fixture for the contact wire; combined with the ice-forming component, it realizes the standardized forming of ice-forming samples, effectively improving the repeatability and comparability of test results.

[0017] 2. This invention achieves stability, continuity and controllability of the adhesion force loading process through the synergistic action of the pull handle, pull gauge, pull force transmission connector, linear transmission loading mechanism and drive motor; combined with the data processing component, the entire test process can be recorded in real time and peak force can be extracted, ensuring the accuracy and traceability of the test data.

[0018] 3. By changing the installation direction of the detachable mounting base, this invention enables the unified measurement of interface failure conditions in two different directions, namely normal tensile adhesion force and tangential shear adhesion force, using the same device. This overcomes the limitation of existing devices having only one testing direction and significantly improves the versatility and testing scope of the device.

[0019] 4. This invention is applicable to the testing of icing adhesion performance under different contact wire materials, different icing sizes, different temperature conditions, and different interface states, and has good engineering application value. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main view structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This invention relates to the working condition for measuring tangential shear adhesion force. Figure 1 ; Figure 3 This invention relates to the working condition for measuring tangential shear adhesion force. Figure 2 ; Figure 4 This is the normal tensile adhesion force measurement working condition of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 5 This is the normal tensile adhesion force measurement working condition of the present invention. Figure 2 ; In the diagram: 1. Device platform; 2. Detachable mounting base; 3. Measuring contact wire; 4. Contact wire clamping fixture; 5. Icing sample; 6. Icing molding assembly; 7. Tensile gauge; 8. Tensile force transmission connector; 9. Linear transmission loading mechanism; 10. Drive motor; 11. Data processing assembly; 12. Tensile handle; 13. Fixing screw; 14. Mold shell. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The following description of the embodiments will help the public better understand the present invention. However, the specific embodiments provided by the applicant should not and should not be regarded as a limitation on the technical solution of the present invention. Any changes to the definition of components or technical features and / or formal but not substantive changes to the overall structure should be regarded as the scope of protection defined by the technical solution of the present invention.

[0022] The technical solution of this invention is as follows: See Figures 1 to 5 As shown, a measuring device for the icing adhesion force of high-speed railway contact wires includes a support component, a contact wire fixing component, an icing forming component 6, a loading and measuring component, and a data processing component 11. These components work together to achieve accurate detection of the icing adhesion force of high-speed railway contact wires. The specific structure is as follows: The support component serves as the bearing base of the entire measuring device, supporting the entire measuring device and providing support for the entire testing process. Specifically, it supports the contact wire fixing component, ice-forming component 6, loading measurement component, and data processing component 11, and provides stable support. The support component, together with the contact wire fixing component, can adjust the spatial orientation of the measuring contact wire 3 to adapt to two adhesion force measurement conditions. The support components specifically include a device platform 1 and a detachable mounting base 2. The device platform 1 adopts a high-rigidity alloy structure and is made of high-strength, high-stability metal materials, effectively reducing the additional measurement errors caused by vibration and offset during the test, and providing a stable support foundation for the entire test process. The detachable mounting base 2 and the device platform 1 are detachably connected through standardized connectors. By adjusting the installation angle between the detachable mounting base 2 and the device platform 1, the spatial orientation of the measuring contact line 3 can be adjusted from a first spatial orientation to a second spatial orientation, or vice versa. The first spatial orientation is the orientation of the measuring contact line 3 in the tangential shear adhesion test, and the second spatial orientation is the orientation of the measuring contact line 3 in the normal tensile adhesion test, realizing the switching test between normal tensile adhesion and tangential shear adhesion, while facilitating the quick replacement of measuring contact lines 3 of different specifications, improving the versatility and ease of operation of the device.

[0023] The contact wire fixing component is disposed above the support component and is configured to position and fix the measuring contact wire 3 in a first spatial posture or a second spatial posture. The contact wire fixing component is used to accurately position and firmly fix the measuring contact wire 3, preventing the measuring contact wire 3 from shifting, rotating or shaking during the ice forming and loading test process, while reducing damage to the surface of the measuring contact wire 3. It can flexibly adjust the spatial posture of the measuring contact wire 3 in conjunction with the support component to adapt to different measurement conditions. The contact wire fixing assembly includes two contact wire-specific clamping fixtures 4; Both contact wire clamping fixtures 4 are vertically mounted on the detachable mounting base 2, and the inner contour of the contact wire clamping fixture 4 is precisely adapted to the shape of the measuring contact wire 3, conforming to the irregular cross-sectional contour design of the measuring contact wire 3. They are used to jointly clamp the end of the measuring contact wire 3, which not only ensures the reliability of clamping, but also minimizes damage to the surface of the measuring contact wire 3, avoids affecting the accuracy of test results due to improper clamping, and prevents it from shifting, rotating or shaking during the ice forming and loading test, while reducing damage to the surface of the measuring contact wire.

[0024] The ice-forming component 6 is used to prepare a standardized ice-covered sample 5 with uniform geometric parameters and contact area on the surface of the measuring contact line 3, ensuring the consistency of ice-covered samples 5 in different test batches, providing a reliable sample basis for accurate measurement of adhesion force, and solving the measurement error problem caused by the inconsistency of the size and shape of the ice-covered sample 5 in existing tests. The icing forming component 6 includes a mold housing 14 and a tension handle 12. The mold housing 14 is used to accommodate the portion of the contact line to be tested and to prepare a standardized icing sample 5 on the portion of the contact line using the mold housing 14. The tension handle 12 is detachably connected to the mold housing 14 and is used to establish a load transfer connection with the loading measurement component. The mold housing 14 is preferably made of a transparent material to facilitate real-time observation of the icing forming state. The mold housing 14 and the contact line-specific clamping fixture 4 enclose each other to form an icing forming cavity. The tension handle 12 is detachably connected to the mold housing 14 by a fixing screw 13.

[0025] The loading and measurement component is used to apply a controllable linear load to the icing sample 5 and to detect the normal or tangential adhesion force between the icing sample 5 and the measuring contact line 3 in real time, and output a force detection signal. The loading and measurement component specifically includes a tension gauge 7, a tension transmission connector 8, a linear transmission loading mechanism 9, and a drive motor 10. The tension gauge 7 adopts a high-precision electronic tension gauge 7 or a high-precision force sensor, and its measurement range matches the actual measurement range of the icing adhesion force of the high-speed railway contact line, and can output a continuous and stable force signal in real time. The tension gauge 7 is connected to the tension handle 12 and the tension transmission connector 8, and is used to measure the external load on the icing sample 5 during the desorption or slippage process in real time, and transmit the measured force signal to the data processing component 11. The tension transmission connector 8 is located between the tension gauge 7 and the linear transmission loading mechanism 9. It is used to establish a reliable force transmission path between the tension gauge 7 and the linear transmission loading mechanism 9, so as to ensure that the displacement and load output by the drive motor 10 can be smoothly and evenly transmitted to the ice-covered sample 5, reduce the measurement error caused by loose connection, eccentric force or local instability during the loading process, and improve the stability and controllability of the loading process. The linear transmission loading mechanism 9 is connected to the tension transmission connector 8 and is used to convert the rotational motion of the drive motor 10 into linear loading motion along a set direction, thereby achieving stable, continuous and controllable loading during the adhesion force test of the icing sample 5. The linear transmission loading mechanism 9 includes any one of a screw slide, a linear module or a winding traction mechanism to achieve stable linear output and adapt to the needs of different test scenarios. The drive motor 10 is a servo motor or a stepper motor, used to provide power to the linear transmission loading mechanism 9; the drive motor 10 can realize various loading modes such as constant speed loading and program-controllable loading, and the loading rate can be flexibly adjusted according to test requirements to ensure the stability and accuracy of the loading process and adapt to the loading requirements of different test conditions.

[0026] The data processing component 11 is electrically connected to the loading measurement component and is configured to acquire and process the force detection signal and output the adhesion force detection result; it is used to acquire, process, store and output the adhesion force measurement data, realize the accurate detection of the icing adhesion force of the high-speed railway contact line, and provide reliable data support for the quantitative analysis of the adhesion performance between the icing sample 5 and the measured contact line 3. The data processing component 11 specifically includes a data acquisition terminal and a display module. The data acquisition terminal is used to acquire the force signal output by the tension gauge 7 in real time, filter and reduce noise of the acquired signal to remove interference signals, ensure the authenticity and accuracy of the data, and automatically extract key characteristic parameters such as adhesion force peak and critical slip force to provide core data for adhesion performance analysis. The display module is used to synchronously display the force value change curve during the loading process, intuitively present the force value change during the entire test process, and support the storage and export of measurement data to facilitate subsequent data analysis, organization and traceability, providing data support for the research and development of high-speed railway contact line icing prevention technology and the optimization of equipment operation and maintenance solutions.

[0027] See Figures 1 to 5 As shown, a method for measuring the icing adhesion force of high-speed railway contact wires is implemented based on a measuring device for the icing adhesion force of high-speed railway contact wires, thereby realizing the switching measurement of normal tensile adhesion force and tangential shear adhesion force, including the following steps: S1. Device assembly and sample installation: First, the support components, contact wire fixing components, ice-forming components 6, loading measurement components, and data processing components 11 are assembled and fixed using standardized connectors to ensure that each component is firmly connected and without looseness. According to the preset test conditions, namely normal tension or tangential shear, the installation angle of the detachable mounting base 2 is adjusted so that the spatial orientation of the measuring contact wire 3 is adapted to the loading direction. Then, the measuring contact wire 3 is clamped and fixed using a special contact wire clamping fixture 4. Careful inspection is performed to ensure that the measuring contact wire 3 is not offset, loose, or rotated, laying the foundation for subsequent ice-forming and loading tests. S2, Preparation of ice-covered sample 5: The mold housing 14 is installed outside the area to be measured on the measuring contact line 3. The position of the mold housing 14 is adjusted so that the mold housing 14 and the measuring contact line 3 enclose a sealed ice-forming cavity to ensure that there is no leakage in the forming cavity. A certain amount of deionized water is injected into the ice-forming cavity, and the injection amount is determined according to the preset ice thickness. The entire measuring device is placed in a low-temperature environment for freezing. The temperature range of the low-temperature environment is adapted to the actual icing conditions of high-speed railways. The ice-forming time is adjusted according to the preset ice thickness to ensure the forming quality and dimensional consistency of the ice-forming sample 5. Finally, a standardized ice-forming sample 5 is formed on the surface of the measuring contact line 3. S3. Loading Test Preparation: After the ice-covered sample 5 is formed, firmly connect the tension gauge 7 to the tension handle 12 to ensure that the connection is reliable and without looseness; debug the linear transmission loading mechanism 9 and the drive motor 10, check whether the movement of the linear transmission loading mechanism 9 is smooth and whether the operation of the drive motor 10 is normal, adjust the loading direction to ensure that the loading direction is consistent with the preset test direction; start the data acquisition terminal, debug the data acquisition and display functions, and ensure that the data acquisition terminal can normally acquire the force value signal output by the tension gauge 7, and the display module can synchronously display the force value change, complete the equipment debugging, and ensure that all components are operating normally; S4. Adhesion force measurement: Start the drive motor 10 and select the appropriate loading mode according to the test requirements, such as constant speed loading or program-controlled loading. Adjust the loading rate to ensure that the loading process is smooth and continuous without obvious impact or jamming. The drive motor 10 drives the linear transmission loading mechanism 9 to move. The linear transmission loading mechanism 9 applies a load to the tension handle 12 through the tension transmission connector 8 and the tension gauge 7, which in turn drives the mold shell 14 to act on the icing sample 5, causing the icing sample 5 to gradually experience interface failure relative to the measuring contact line 3, i.e., desorption or slippage. The tension gauge 7 detects the adhesion force between the icing sample 5 and the measuring contact line 3 in real time and outputs the force value signal. The data acquisition terminal synchronously acquires and processes the force value signal, and the display module synchronously displays the force value change curve, presenting the test process in real time. S5. Data Processing and Operating Condition Switching: When the iced sample 5 desorbs or slips, the data acquisition terminal automatically extracts the peak adhesion force or critical slip force at this time as the characterization parameter of the adhesion force to complete a single measurement. If it is necessary to switch to another working condition, namely tangential shear or normal tension test, first turn off the drive motor 10 and the data acquisition terminal, disassemble the iced forming component 6, clean the residual ice on the surface of the measuring contact line 3, readjust the installation angle of the detachable mounting base 2 to change the loading direction, and then re-prepare the iced sample 5 according to step S2, repeat steps S3 to S4 to realize the switching measurement of normal tensile adhesion force and tangential shear adhesion force. After completing the adhesion force measurement, the normal tensile adhesion strength and tangential shear adhesion strength can be calculated based on the contact area between the iced sample 5 and the measuring contact line 3; where the normal tensile adhesion strength σ n =F n / A, tangential shear adhesion strength τ t =F t / A, F n For normal tensile adhesion force, F t The tangential shear adhesion force is represented by A, which is the contact area between the icing sample 5 and the measured contact line 3. The calculated adhesion strength data is used to support the research and development of icing prevention and control technology for high-speed railway contact lines and the optimization of equipment operation and maintenance schemes. S6. Test ends: After the test is completed, turn off the drive motor 10 and the data acquisition terminal, export the measurement data and store it properly; disassemble the ice forming component 6 and the measurement contact line 3, clean and inspect each component, remove residual ice and impurities from the surface of the components, check the wear of each connector and fixture, maintain or replace them in time to ensure that the device can be used normally next time, and complete the whole test process.

[0028] The working principle of this device is as follows: The core function of this device is to achieve standardized molding, controllable loading, and precise force measurement of the icing sample 5 through the synergistic action of its components. Specifically: First, the device platform 1 of the supporting components provides stable support. The spatial orientation of the measuring contact line 3 is adjusted using the detachable mounting base 2, and the measuring contact line 3 is precisely positioned and firmly fixed using the special clamping fixture 4. Then, the icing molding cavity is formed by the mold shell 14 of the icing molding component 6 and the measuring contact line 3. Deionized water is injected and frozen at low temperature to prepare the standardized icing sample 5. After the icing sample 5 is formed, the drive motor 10 provides power to the linear transmission loading mechanism 9. The linear transmission loading mechanism 9 converts the rotational motion into linear loading motion, which is transmitted to the icing sample 5 through the tension transmission connector 8, the tension gauge 7, and the tension handle 12, causing interface failure between the icing sample 5 and the measuring contact line 3. The data processing component 11 collects and processes the force signal of the tension gauge 7 in real time, extracts key parameters, and completes the adhesion force measurement.

[0029] This device can perform measurements under two typical working conditions: When used for measuring normal tensile adhesion force, the installation direction of the detachable mounting base 2 is adjusted so that the normal direction of the surface to be measured on the measuring contact line 3 is basically consistent with the movement direction of the linear transmission loading mechanism 9. The iced sample 5 is pulled off in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the contact line, and the maximum force value measured is the normal tensile adhesion force. When used for measuring tangential shear adhesion force, the installation direction of the detachable mounting base 2 is changed so that the tangential direction of the surface to be measured on the measuring contact line 3 is basically consistent with the movement direction of the linear transmission loading mechanism 9. The iced sample 5 slides relative to the surface of the contact line, and the peak force or critical sliding force measured is the tangential shear adhesion force.

[0030] The beneficial technical effects of this invention are: 1. The present invention achieves stable installation and reliable positioning of the measuring contact wire 3 by cooperating with the detachable mounting base 2 and the special clamping fixture 4 for the contact wire; combined with the ice forming component 6, it realizes the standardized forming of the ice-covered sample 5, which effectively improves the repeatability and comparability of the test results.

[0031] 2. The present invention achieves stability, continuity and controllability of the adhesion force loading process through the synergistic action of the pull handle 12, the pull gauge 7, the pull force transmission connector 8, the linear transmission loading mechanism 9 and the drive motor 10; combined with the data processing component 11, the entire test process can be recorded in real time and the peak force can be extracted, ensuring the accuracy and traceability of the test data.

[0032] 3. By changing the installation direction of the detachable mounting base 2, the present invention achieves unified measurement of interface failure conditions with two different directions, namely normal tensile adhesion force and tangential shear adhesion force, using the same device. This overcomes the limitation of the existing device having only one testing direction and significantly improves the versatility and testing scope of the device.

[0033] 4. This invention is applicable to the testing of icing adhesion performance under different contact wire materials, different icing sizes, different temperature conditions, and different interface states, and has good engineering application value.

[0034] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes made based on the description and drawings of the present invention are included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A measuring device for measuring the adhesion force of ice accretion on high-speed railway contact lines, characterized in that: Includes support components, contact wire fixing components, icing forming components, loading and measurement components, and data processing components; The support assembly is used to support the entire measuring device and provide support for the entire testing process; The contact wire fixing component is disposed above the support component and is configured to position and fix the measuring contact wire in a first spatial posture or a second spatial posture. The ice-forming assembly has a built-in mold shell, which is used to accommodate the portion of the contact line to be tested and to prepare a standardized ice-forming sample on the portion of the contact line using the mold shell. The loading and measurement component is used to apply a controllable linear load to the ice-covered sample and detect the normal or tangential adhesion force between the ice-covered sample and the measurement contact line in real time, and output a force detection signal. The data processing component is electrically connected to the loading measurement component and is configured to acquire and process the force detection signal and output the adhesion force detection result.

2. The measuring device for measuring the icing adhesion force of high-speed railway contact lines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support assembly includes a device platform and a detachable mounting base; The device platform adopts a high-rigidity alloy structure to reduce additional measurement errors caused by vibration and displacement during the test. The detachable mounting base is detachably connected to the device platform. By adjusting the installation angle between the detachable mounting base and the device platform, the spatial orientation of the measuring contact line can be adjusted from a first spatial orientation to a second spatial orientation, or the spatial orientation of the measuring contact line can be adjusted from a second spatial orientation to a first spatial orientation.

3. The measuring device for measuring the icing adhesion force of high-speed railway contact lines according to claim 2, characterized in that: The contact wire fixing assembly includes two special contact wire clamping fixtures; Both contact wire clamps are vertically mounted on the detachable mounting base, and the inner contour of the contact wire clamps is adapted to the shape of the measuring contact wire. They are used to clamp the end of the measuring contact wire together to prevent it from shifting, rotating or shaking during the ice forming and loading test, while reducing damage to the surface of the measuring contact wire.

4. The measuring device for measuring the icing adhesion force of high-speed railway contact lines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ice-forming assembly includes a mold housing and a pull handle; the pull handle is detachably connected to the mold housing and is used to establish a load transfer connection with the loading measurement assembly.

5. The measuring device for measuring the icing adhesion force of high-speed railway contact lines according to claim 4, characterized in that: The loading measurement component includes a force gauge, a force transmission connector, a linear transmission loading mechanism, and a drive motor. The tensile gauge is connected to the tensile handle and the tensile transmission connector, and is used to measure the external load on the iced sample during desorption or slippage in real time, and transmit the measured force signal to the data processing component. The tension transmission connector is located between the tension gauge and the linear transmission loading mechanism. It is used to establish a reliable force transmission path between the tension gauge and the linear transmission loading mechanism, ensuring that the displacement and load output by the drive motor can be smoothly transmitted to the ice-covered sample, and reducing measurement errors caused by loose connection, eccentric force or local instability during the loading process. The linear transmission loading mechanism is connected to the tensile force transmission connector and is used to convert the rotational motion of the drive motor into linear loading motion along a set direction, thereby achieving stable, continuous and controllable loading during the adhesion force test of the icing sample.

6. The measuring device for measuring the icing adhesion force of high-speed railway contact lines according to claim 5, characterized in that: The linear transmission loading mechanism includes any one of a lead screw slide, a linear module, or a winding traction mechanism.

7. The measuring device for measuring the icing adhesion force of high-speed railway contact lines according to claim 5, characterized in that: The drive motor, which is either a servo motor or a stepper motor, is used to provide power to the linear transmission loading mechanism.

8. The measuring device for measuring the icing adhesion force of high-speed railway contact lines according to claim 5, characterized in that: The tension gauge uses a high-precision electronic tension gauge or a high-precision force sensor, and its measurement range matches the actual measurement range of the icing adhesion force of the high-speed railway contact line. It can output continuous and stable force signals in real time. The drive motor can realize multiple loading modes such as constant speed loading and programmable loading, ensuring the stability and accuracy of the loading process and adapting to the loading requirements of different test conditions.

9. The measuring device for measuring the icing adhesion force of high-speed railway contact lines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data processing component includes a data acquisition terminal and a display module; The data acquisition terminal is used to acquire the force signal output by the tension gauge in real time, filter and reduce noise of the signal, and automatically extract key characteristic parameters such as adhesion force peak and critical slip force. The display module is used to synchronously display the force value change curve during the loading process, supports the storage and export of measurement data, and provides data support for the quantitative analysis of the adhesion performance between the icing sample and the measurement contact line.

10. A method for measuring the icing adhesion force of high-speed railway contact wires, characterized in that: The implementation of the measuring device for ice adhesion force of high-speed railway contact wire according to any one of claims 1-9 includes the following steps: S1. Assembly and sample installation: Assemble and fix the support components, contact wire fixing components, ice-forming components, loading measurement components and data processing components using standardized connectors. Adjust the installation angle of the detachable mounting base according to the test requirements. Clamp and fix the measuring contact wire using a special contact wire clamping fixture to ensure that the measuring contact wire is not offset or loose. S2. Preparation of icing sample: Install the mold shell on the outside of the area to be measured on the measuring contact line, so that the mold shell and the measuring contact line enclose a closed icing forming cavity. Inject a certain amount of deionized water into the icing forming cavity, and freeze the entire device in a low temperature environment to form a standardized icing sample on the surface of the measuring contact line. S3. Loading test preparation: Connect the tension gauge to the tension handle, debug the linear transmission loading mechanism and drive motor, ensure that the loading direction is consistent with the preset test direction, start the data acquisition terminal, complete the equipment debugging, and ensure that all components are operating normally. S4. Adhesion force measurement: Start the drive motor and apply a controllable linear load to the tensile tester through the linear transmission loading mechanism. The tensile tester detects the adhesion force between the iced sample and the measurement contact line in real time and outputs the force value signal. The data acquisition terminal collects and processes the force value signal simultaneously, and the display module displays the force value change curve simultaneously. S5. Data processing and working condition switching: When the icing sample desorbs or slips, the data acquisition terminal automatically extracts the adhesion peak or critical slip force as a characterization parameter to complete a single measurement. If it is necessary to switch to another working condition for testing, the installation angle of the detachable mounting base is readjusted to change the loading direction, and the icing sample is prepared again. Steps S3 to S4 are repeated to achieve the switching measurement of normal tensile adhesion force and tangential shear adhesion force. S6. After the test is completed, turn off the drive motor and data acquisition terminal, export the measurement data, disassemble the ice-forming component and measurement contact line, clean and inspect each component, and complete the entire test process.

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