A high-voltage porcelain insulator detection method and detection device

Abstract

The application discloses a high-voltage porcelain insulator detection method and a detection device, which comprise a case and a lower rack fixed on the top plane of the case; an insulating hanger is arranged above the lower rack and used for supporting a porcelain insulator sample; two lateral distance adjusting assemblies are symmetrically arranged at the bottom end of the lower rack, and a plurality of equidistant adjusting and pulling assemblies are connected to the driving end of each lateral distance adjusting assembly. The application can roughly adjust the distance between two adjacent gear type ring spray humidifying assemblies in the vertical direction according to the position of the umbrella skirt of the sample, an external water supply end supplies water to each gear type ring spray humidifying assembly, and a rotary driving assembly drives the gear type ring spray humidifying assembly to rotate around the sample, so that the umbrella skirt and the whole outer surface of the sample are uniformly covered with a water film, and the problem that the traditional nozzle array cannot uniformly cover rain and mist on a complex umbrella skirt structure is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of insulator performance testing technology, specifically to a method and equipment for testing high-voltage porcelain insulators. Background Technology

[0002] The wet breakdown test of high-voltage porcelain insulators is a key means of evaluating the electrical performance of insulators under harsh climatic conditions. Unlike the dry test, which focuses on the surface withstand voltage, the core purpose of the wet breakdown test is to verify the withstand limit of the internal insulation structure of the insulator (the interface between the porcelain, cement adhesive, steel foot and steel cap) under the conditions of rainwater penetration and surface contamination and moisture. In practical operation, operators must make precise electrode connections according to the insulator type. For disc suspension insulators, the high-voltage output terminal of the breakdown voltage tester is usually reliably connected to the steel foot to simulate the most severe potential concentration area on the conductor side. Before connection, the oxide layer needs to be polished and conductive paste applied to reduce contact resistance. The grounding terminal is firmly connected to the steel cap, and an equalizing ring is added if necessary to prevent corona interference. After the electrodes are fixed, a rain and fog simulation system composed of a nozzle array is activated to precisely control the water pressure, flow rate, and water resistivity, so that a uniform and stable conductive water film is formed on the surface of the insulator. Only after sufficient wetting can the voltage boosting stage begin. The breakdown voltage tester applies voltage steadily at a standard rate, and the surface phenomena of the insulator are closely monitored using a camera or protective observation window. If a surface flashover occurs, the tester will quickly cut off the power supply and record the flashover voltage. If internal breakdown occurs, it is often manifested as a steel... The ceramic components at the base of the insulator cracked or emitted smoke, with no obvious traces of surface arcing. Currently, in simulating wet breakdown environments, multiple sets of nozzles are arranged around the test specimen. There is a significant difference in rainfall between the overlapping and non-overlapping areas of the nozzle spray cones, resulting in inconsistent rainfall received by different locations on the insulator surface. For long column insulators, the axial height is relatively large, and the distances from the nozzles at the top and bottom and the middle are different. This causes the axial rain and fog density to exhibit a distribution characteristic of being denser at both ends and sparser in the middle, or denser at the top and sparser at the bottom. Therefore, when rain and fog fall on the insulator surface, the eaves of the upper skirt will act as a shield, making it difficult for the base of the lower skirt and the area near the steel foot to directly receive raindrops. There are differences in the degree of wetness between different skirts and different parts of the same skirt. Under this condition, the flashover location observed in the test may not match the actual flashover location under natural rain and fog conditions, resulting in missed defects. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method and equipment for testing high-voltage porcelain insulators. The porcelain insulator specimen to be tested for wet breakdown voltage is supported by an insulating hanger. Then, two lateral adjustment components on the left and right sides drive corresponding multi-position equidistant adjustment components to move closer together until the gear-type ring-jet humidification components on the multi-position equidistant adjustment components surround the outside of the specimen. A synchronous lifting component causes the two lateral adjustment components on the left and right sides to operate, roughly adjusting the vertical spacing between adjacent gear-type ring-jet humidification components according to the position of the specimen's skirt. An external water supply end supplies water to each gear-type ring-jet humidification component. A rotation drive component drives the gear-type ring-jet humidification components to rotate around the specimen, so that the specimen's skirt and the entire outer surface are uniformly covered with a water film, thereby solving the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for detecting high-voltage porcelain insulators, comprising the following steps: S1. Place the porcelain insulator sample to be tested on the insulation hanger, and turn on the horizontal adjustment component through the PLC control panel. The two horizontal adjustment components on the left and right drive the multi-position equidistant adjustment components at the corresponding positions to move smoothly along the horizontal direction until the two rows of gear-type ring spray humidification components on the left and right are close to the sample and stop after reaching the preset spray working distance with the outer surface of the sample. S2. Since the column-type porcelain insulator has multiple umbrella skirts of different diameters distributed axially, the staff can start the synchronous lifting component through the PLC control panel. The synchronous lifting component drives the two multi-position equidistant adjustment components on the left and right to move synchronously. The multi-position equidistant adjustment components control the spacing between two adjacent gear-type ring spray humidification components in the vertical direction until the gear-type ring spray humidification component corresponds to the axial section of one umbrella skirt. S3. The external water supply end delivers deionized water that meets the standard resistivity requirements to each gear-type ring spray humidification component through a high-pressure resistant hose. At the same time, the rotation drive component starts working, driving the gear-type ring spray humidification components in the same row to rotate at a constant speed around the central axis of the test sample. During the rotation and displacement process, the gear-type ring spray humidification components continuously spray water mist onto the surface of the porcelain insulator. As the nozzles move in a circular motion with the components, the water droplets can evenly cover the surface of the test sample, effectively overcoming the shading effect of the umbrella skirt, so that the water is evenly spread on the upper surface, lower surface and root of the umbrella skirt, forming a continuous and uniformly thick conductive water film. After confirming that a stable water film has been formed on the entire surface of the test sample and there is no dry area residue, this state is maintained until the humidification conditions reach the standard-specified stable time, and the equipment stops working. S4. Connect the high voltage output electrode clamp of the breakdown voltage tester to the steel foot of the porcelain insulator, connect the grounding electrode clamp to the steel cap, and the breakdown voltage tester will steadily increase the voltage at a preset rate. S5. When the test sample experiences wet flashover or internal breakdown, the protection mechanism of the breakdown voltage tester cuts off the high-voltage power supply and automatically records the breakdown voltage value. If the test sample withstands the specified voltage and maintains the standard duration without breakdown, it is judged to pass.

[0005] The present invention also provides a high-voltage porcelain insulator testing device, including a chassis and a lower platform fixed on the top plane of the chassis; An insulating hanger is positioned directly above the lower platform and is used to support the porcelain insulator test specimen. The lateral adjustment assembly has two components that are symmetrically installed at the bottom of the lower frame. Each lateral adjustment assembly has multiple equidistant adjustment components connected to its drive end. The synchronous lifting component is located at the top of the lower platform and drives the two multi-position equidistant adjustment components on the left and right to perform synchronous actions. The left and right rows of gear-type ring spray humidification components are respectively disposed on the multi-position equidistant adjustment components on the corresponding side, and the gear-type ring spray humidification components are arranged equidistantly in the vertical direction. The multi-position equidistant adjustment components are used to adjust the spacing between the gear-type ring spray humidification components in the same row. A rotary drive assembly is disposed on one side of a multi-position equidistant adjustment assembly and is used to drive each of the gear-type ring spray humidification assemblies in the same column to rotate around the porcelain insulator test specimen on the insulating hanger. The PLC control panel is installed on one outer wall of the chassis and is electrically connected to the synchronous lifting assembly, the lateral adjustment assembly, and the rotary drive assembly.

[0006] Preferably, the synchronous lifting assembly includes four columns fixed at the top corner of the lower platform, a top platform fixed to the upper end of the four columns, and a slide table slidably installed on the four columns. A first cylinder is installed at the center of the top of the top platform. The first cylinder is used to drive the slide table to move up and down in the axial direction. Two slide seats are slidably installed on the left and right sides of the bottom of the slide table through the track. The slide seats are used to connect with the multi-position equidistant adjustment assembly.

[0007] Preferably, the insulating hanger includes a U-shaped frame fixed to the bottom of the top platform, two rod seats fixed on the front and rear inner walls of the U-shaped frame, and an insulating rod fixedly connected between the two rod seats. Both ends of the insulating rod are slidably installed with clamps. The U-shaped frame passes through the slide table, and the rod seats, insulating rod, and clamps are all located directly below the slide table.

[0008] Preferably, the lateral adjustment assembly includes a second cylinder fixed on one side of the outer wall of the lower frame, a base fixed to the end of the piston rod of the second cylinder, and a connecting plate installed at the front and rear positions of the top of the base. The upper end of the connecting plate extends upward through the lower frame and is fixedly connected to the multi-position equidistant adjustment assembly. The upper surface of the base and the lower surface of the lower frame are connected by a guide rail and a sliding sleeve.

[0009] Preferably, the multi-position equidistant adjustment assembly includes a C-shaped side frame fixed to the upper part of two connecting plates, multiple guide posts fixed inside the C-shaped side frame, and several hollow convex frames slidably installed on the guide posts in the vertical direction. Scissor links are installed between the hollow convex frames. A convex seat is fixed at the upper position of the outer wall of the C-shaped side frame near the vertical center reference plane of the lower platform. A T-arm is vertically slidably installed inside the convex seat. The lower end of the T-arm is connected to the uppermost hollow convex frame, and the upper end of the T-arm is fixed to the slide. The gear-type ring spray humidification assembly is installed on the outer wall of the hollow convex frame away from the guide posts.

[0010] Preferably, the gear-type ring spray humidification assembly includes a housing platform fixed to the top of a hollow convex frame, a fan-shaped cavity disposed in the housing platform, and a fan-shaped water tank slidably installed in the fan-shaped cavity. A plurality of atomizing nozzles are installed on the inner arc surface of the fan-shaped water tank, and a toothed groove is integrally formed on the outer arc surface of the fan-shaped water tank. A straight groove is provided at the bottom end of the housing platform, and a meshing internal spline gear shaft and a secondary gear are rotatably installed inside the straight groove. The secondary gear meshes with the toothed groove.

[0011] Preferably, the rotary drive assembly includes a vertical plate fixed to the bottom of the C-shaped side frame, a helical gear hardened tooth surface reducer fixed on the outer wall of the vertical plate away from the guide column, and a vertical spline shaft fixed to the lower end of the output shaft of the helical gear hardened tooth surface reducer. The vertical spline shaft is concentric with each internal spline gear shaft in the same column in the vertical direction and is engaged by splines.

[0012] Preferably, a support ring is installed between the top of the outer shell platform and the contact surface of the fan-shaped water tank, an inlet hose is installed on one side of the outer wall of the fan-shaped water tank, and a solenoid valve is installed at the end of the inlet hose away from the fan-shaped water tank.

[0013] Preferably, a photoelectric switch is installed on one side of the top of the outer shell platform, and several light-blocking strips are fixed at equal intervals on the arc-shaped outer wall of the fan-shaped water tank. The rotation position of the fan-shaped water tank is determined by the photoelectric switch and the light-blocking strips.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The high-voltage porcelain insulator testing method and equipment are configured with an insulating hanger, a lateral adjustment assembly, a multi-position equidistant adjustment assembly, a synchronous lifting assembly, a gear-type ring spray humidification assembly, and a rotary drive assembly, etc., working together. The porcelain insulator sample is supported by the insulating hanger. Then, the left and right lateral adjustment assemblies drive the corresponding multi-position equidistant adjustment assemblies to move closer to each other until the gear-type ring spray humidification assemblies on the multi-position equidistant adjustment assemblies surround the outside of the sample. The synchronous lifting assembly then... The two equidistant adjustment components on the left and right sides move to roughly adjust the spacing between two adjacent gear-type ring spray humidification components in the vertical direction according to the position of the umbrella skirt of the test sample. The external water supply end supplies water to each gear-type ring spray humidification component. The rotation drive component drives the gear-type ring spray humidification component to rotate around the test sample, so that the umbrella skirt and the entire outer surface of the test sample are evenly covered with a water film. Then the positive and negative electrode clamps of the breakdown voltage tester are connected to the test sample, and the breakdown voltage test is completed according to the standard procedure. This solves the problem of uneven rain and fog coverage in complex umbrella skirt structures by traditional nozzle arrays. Traditional fixed nozzle arrays are limited by the spray angle and the geometric shielding of the umbrella skirts, often forming a humidification gradient with denser spray at the top and sparser spray at the bottom along the insulator axis. However, by rotating the gear-type ring spray humidification component around the test sample, the spray source moves in a circular motion relative to the insulator. Water droplets can continuously and dynamically cover the surface from all directions of 360 degrees, effectively compensating for the directional blind spots that exist when spraying in a single direction. Furthermore, the cooperation of the multi-position equidistant adjustment component and the synchronous lifting component allows each gear-type ring spray humidification component to precisely adjust the spacing in the vertical direction according to the actual position of the test sample's umbrella skirts. This ensures that both the upper large umbrella skirt and the middle small umbrella skirt have independent humidification components, thereby eliminating uneven humidification caused by distance differences and allowing the conductive water film to spread continuously and evenly on all umbrella skirt surfaces. Furthermore, the lateral adjustment component enables the gear-type ring spray humidification components to approach and precisely position themselves in the horizontal direction, ensuring that the humidification components maintain the optimal spray distance from the outer surface of the test specimen. The coordination of the multi-position equidistant adjustment component, the synchronous lifting component, and the gear-type ring spray humidification component allows the equipment to be quickly reconfigured according to the axial length of the test specimen and the distribution of the umbrella skirts. This ensures that a highly consistent and reproducible humid environment can be established for both short pin insulators and long post insulators. At this time, the thickness, continuity, and resistivity of the water film on the insulator surface can remain highly consistent, thereby reducing the test error introduced by differences in environmental layout and ensuring that the measured breakdown voltage or wet flashover voltage truly reflects the quality differences of the insulator body. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a side view of the structure of the present invention; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of point AA; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the synchronous lifting component of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 6 yes Figure 1 A three-dimensional sectional view of the BB section; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the multi-position equidistant adjustment assembly of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the multi-position equidistant adjustment assembly of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 9 yes Figure 2 Planar section view at point AA; Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the rotary drive component and the gear-type ring spray humidification component of the present invention in an assembled state. Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the gear-type ring spray humidification component of the present invention; Figure 12 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle; Figure 13 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional structural diagram of the gear-type ring spray humidification component of the present invention.

[0016] In the diagram: 1. Chassis; 2. Lower platform; 3. Synchronous lifting assembly; 301. Column; 302. Top platform; 303. First cylinder; 304. Slide table; 305. Slide seat; 4. Insulating hanger; 401. U-shaped frame; 402. Rod base; 403. Insulating rod; 404. Clamp; 5. Gear-type ring spray humidification assembly; 501. Outer shell platform; 5011. Straight groove; 5012. Fan-shaped cavity; 5013. Support ring; 502. Fan-shaped water tank; 503. Gear groove; 504. Atomizing nozzle; 505. Liquid inlet hose; 506. Solenoid valve; 507, Secondary gear; 508, Internal splined gear shaft; 509, Photoelectric switch; 510, Light blocking strip; 6, Multi-position equidistant adjustment assembly; 601, C-shaped side frame; 602, Convex bracket; 603, T-arm; 604, Vertical plate; 605, Hollow convex frame; 606, Scissor lift linkage; 607, Guide column; 7, Lateral adjustment assembly; 701, Second cylinder; 702, Base platform; 703, Connecting plate; 8, Rotary drive assembly; 801, Helical gear hardened tooth surface reducer; 802, Vertical splined shaft; 9, PLC control panel. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] Example 1, by Figures 1 to 4 The present invention provides a method for testing high-voltage porcelain insulators, comprising the following steps: S1. Place the porcelain insulator sample to be tested on the insulation hanger 4, and turn on the horizontal adjustment component 7 through the PLC control panel 9. The two horizontal adjustment components 7 on the left and right drive the multi-position equidistant adjustment components 6 at the corresponding positions to move smoothly in the horizontal direction until the two rows of gear-type ring spray humidification components 5 on the left and right are close to the sample and stop after reaching the preset spray working distance with the outer surface of the sample. S2. Since the column-type porcelain insulator has multiple umbrella skirts of different diameters distributed axially, the staff can start the synchronous lifting component 3 through the PLC control panel 9. The synchronous lifting component 3 drives the two multi-position equidistant adjustment components 6 on the left and right to move synchronously. The multi-position equidistant adjustment components 6 control the spacing between two adjacent gear-type ring spray humidification components 5 in the vertical direction until the gear-type ring spray humidification component 5 corresponds to the axial section of one umbrella skirt. S3. The external water supply end delivers deionized water that meets the standard resistivity requirements to each gear-type ring spray humidification component 5 through a high-pressure resistant hose. At the same time, the rotation drive component 8 starts to work, driving the gear-type ring spray humidification components 5 in the same row to rotate at a constant speed around the central axis of the test sample. During the rotation and displacement process, the gear-type ring spray humidification components 5 continuously spray water mist onto the surface of the porcelain insulator. As the nozzle moves in a circle with the component, the water droplets can evenly cover the surface of the test sample, effectively overcoming the shading effect of the umbrella skirt, so that the water is evenly spread on the upper surface, lower surface and root of the umbrella skirt, forming a continuous and uniformly thick conductive water film. After confirming that a stable water film has been formed on the entire surface of the test sample and there is no dry area residue, this state is maintained until the humidification conditions reach the standard-specified stable time and the equipment stops working. S4. Connect the high voltage output electrode clamp of the breakdown voltage tester to the steel foot of the porcelain insulator, connect the grounding electrode clamp to the steel cap, and the breakdown voltage tester will steadily increase the voltage at a preset rate. S5. When the test sample experiences wet flashover or internal breakdown, the protection mechanism of the breakdown voltage tester cuts off the high-voltage power supply and automatically records the breakdown voltage value. If the test sample withstands the specified voltage and maintains the standard duration without breakdown, it is judged to pass.

[0019] This embodiment of a high-voltage porcelain insulator testing device includes a chassis 1 and a lower platform 2 fixed on the top plane of the chassis 1. Insulating hanger 4 is set directly above the lower frame 2 and is used to support the porcelain insulator test specimen; Lateral adjustment component 7, two lateral adjustment components 7 are provided and symmetrically installed at the bottom of the lower frame 2, and multiple equidistant adjustment components 6 are connected to the drive end of each lateral adjustment component 7. The synchronous lifting component 3 is located at the top of the lower platform 2 and drives the two left and right multi-position equidistant adjustment components 6 to perform synchronous actions. Two rows of gear-type ring spray humidification components 5 are arranged on the left and right sides, and each gear-type ring spray humidification component 5 is respectively set on the multi-position equidistant adjustment component 6 on the corresponding side. The gear-type ring spray humidification components 5 are arranged equidistantly in the vertical direction. The multi-position equidistant adjustment component 6 is used to adjust the spacing between the gear-type ring spray humidification components 5 in the same row. Rotary drive assembly 8 is located on one side of the multi-position equidistant adjustment assembly 6 and is used to drive each gear-type ring spray humidification assembly 5 in the same row to rotate around the porcelain insulator test specimen on the insulating hanger 4. PLC control panel 9 is installed on one side of the outer wall of the chassis 1 and is electrically connected to synchronous lifting assembly 3, horizontal adjustment assembly 7 and rotary drive assembly 8. The synchronous lifting assembly 3 includes four columns 301 fixed at the top corner of the lower platform 2, a top platform 302 fixed to the upper end of the four columns 301, and a slide table 304 slidably installed on the four columns 301. A first cylinder 303 is installed at the center of the top of the top of the top platform 302. The first cylinder 303 is used to drive the slide table 304 to rise and fall in the axial direction. Two slide seats 305 are slidably installed on the left and right sides of the bottom of the slide table 304 through the rail. The slide seats 305 are used to connect with the multi-position equidistant adjustment assembly 6. When the staff uses the synchronous lifting component 3, taking the reduction of the distance between two adjacent gear-type ring spray humidification components 5 as an example, the first cylinder 303 drives the slide 304 to move downward along the axial direction of the column 301, so that both the left and right multi-position equidistant adjustment components 6 can obtain downward thrust, and realize the synchronous action of the left and right multi-position equidistant adjustment components 6. The insulating hanger 4 includes a U-shaped frame 401 fixed to the bottom of the top platform 302, two rod seats 402 fixed on the front and rear inner walls of the U-shaped frame 401, and an insulating rod 403 fixedly connected between the two rod seats 402. Both ends of the surface of the insulating rod 403 are slidably installed with clamps 404. The U-shaped frame 401 passes through the slide table 304, and the rod seats 402, the insulating rod 403, and the clamps 404 are all located directly below the slide table 304. The staff placed the porcelain insulator sample to be tested between the two clamps 404, and then moved the two clamps 404 closer together along the axial direction of the insulating rod 403. The clamps 404 supported the uppermost shed of the porcelain insulator, and the porcelain insulator to be tested was then suspended stably. The insulating rod 403 effectively blocks the unexpected leakage current path formed by the test specimen to the ground through the mounting bracket, ensuring that the high voltage electric field distribution applied to the test specimen meets the standard requirements. The combined use of the insulating rod 403 and the clamp 404 can adapt to insulator test specimens of different models and sizes, and leaves enough operating space to facilitate the subsequent connection of electrode clamps. The equipment also needs to be grounded during breakdown voltage testing to ensure test safety.

[0020] Example 2, based on Example 1, is... Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 The lateral adjustment assembly 7 includes a second cylinder 701 fixed on the outer wall of one side of the lower frame 2, a base 702 fixed to the piston rod end of the second cylinder 701, and a connecting plate 703 installed at the front and rear positions of the top of the base 702. The upper end of the connecting plate 703 extends upward through the lower frame 2 and is fixedly connected to the multi-position equidistant adjustment assembly 6. The upper surface of the base 702 and the lower surface of the lower frame 2 are connected by a guide rail and a sliding sleeve. The second cylinder 701 pushes the base 702, the connecting plate 703, and the multi-position equidistant adjustment assembly 6 to move left and right. When the sample size is large or small, the two multi-position equidistant adjustment assemblies 6 on the left and right can move closer to each other or further away from each other to ensure that the gear-type ring spray humidification assembly 5 always maintains a preset spray distance from the outer surface of the sample. The multi-position equidistant adjustment assembly 6 includes a C-shaped side frame 601 fixed to the upper end of two connecting plates 703, multiple guide posts 607 fixed inside the C-shaped side frame 601, and several hollow convex frames 605 slidably mounted on the guide posts 607 in the vertical direction. A scissor link 606 is installed between the hollow convex frames 605. A convex seat 602 is fixed at the upper position of the outer wall of the C-shaped side frame 601 near the vertical center reference plane of the lower platform 2. A T-arm 603 is vertically slidably mounted inside the convex seat 602. The lower end of the T-arm 603 is connected to the uppermost hollow convex frame 605, and the upper end of the T-arm 603 is fixedly connected to the slide 305. The gear-type ring spray humidification assembly 5 is installed on the outer wall of the hollow convex frame 605 away from the guide posts 607. The convex seat 602 and the guide posts 607 are used to guide the T-arm 603 and the hollow convex frame 605 to slide vertically. When the hollow convex frame 605 is driven to move down, the uppermost hollow convex frame 605 is driven down by the T-arm 603. Since the hollow convex frames 605 in the same vertical column are connected by the scissor link 606, the hollow convex frames 605 slide at equal distances, realizing the synchronous adjustment of the adjacent gear-type ring spray humidification components 5 at equal distances, so as to quickly match insulators with different skirt pitches. Compared with the tedious operation of adjusting each nozzle one by one, the multi-position equal-distance adjustment component 6 effectively simplifies the test preparation process and ensures the height symmetry of the humidification components on the left and right sides. When the second cylinder 701 pushes the base 702, connecting plate 703 and C-shaped side frame 601 to move laterally, the T-shaped arm 603 will slide relative to the track on the lower surface of the slide table 304 through the slide block 305.

[0021] Example 3, based on Example 2, by Figure 10 , Figure 11 , Figure 12 and Figure 13 The gear-type ring spray humidification assembly 5 includes a housing platform 501 fixed to the top of a hollow convex frame 605, a fan-shaped cavity 5012 disposed in the housing platform 501, and a fan-shaped water tank 502 slidably installed in the fan-shaped cavity 5012. Several atomizing nozzles 504 are installed on the arc-shaped inner wall of the fan-shaped water tank 502, and a toothed groove 503 is integrally formed on the arc-shaped outer wall of the fan-shaped water tank 502. A straight groove 5011 is provided at the bottom end of the housing platform 501, and a meshing internal spline gear shaft 508 and a secondary gear 507 are rotatably installed inside the straight groove 5011. The secondary gear 507 meshes with the toothed groove 503. The fan-shaped cavity 5012 is used to accommodate the toothed groove 503, while the straight groove 5011 is used for the internal spline gear shaft 508 and the secondary gear 507 to be arranged and to perform rotational actions. The rotary drive assembly 8 includes a vertical plate 604 fixed to the bottom of the C-shaped side frame 601, a helical gear hardened tooth surface reducer 801 fixed on the outer wall of the vertical plate 604 away from the guide post 607, and a vertical spline shaft 802 fixed to the lower end of the output shaft of the helical gear hardened tooth surface reducer 801. The vertical spline shaft 802 is concentric with each internal spline gear shaft 508 in the same column in the vertical direction and is engaged by splines. The output shaft of the helical gear hardened tooth surface reducer 801 drives the vertical spline shaft 802 to rotate. The vertical spline shaft 802 outputs rotational power to each gear-type ring spray humidification component 5 in the axial direction. That is, the vertical spline shaft 802 drives the internal spline gear shaft 508 to rotate. The internal spline gear shaft 508 drives the fan-shaped water tank 502 to rotate through the secondary gear 507 and the tooth groove 503, so as to change the relative position between the atomizing nozzle 504 and the porcelain insulator, thereby simulating the real working condition of rainwater scouring from multiple angles in natural wind and rain. Compared with fixed spray, the dynamic humidification method can form a more uniform, continuous and stable conductive water film. The low-speed, high-torque drive design of the helical gear hardened tooth surface reducer 801 and the vertical spline shaft 802 ensures that each gear-type ring spray humidification component 5 in the same row rotates without shaking or impact, thus ensuring the stability of the water mist spray trajectory. The rotation speed, direction and start / stop timing can be set according to the test requirements. A support ring 5013 is installed between the top of the outer shell platform 501 and the contact surface of the fan-shaped water tank 502. The support ring 5013 improves the rotational stability of the fan-shaped water tank 502 and reduces the sliding wear between the fan-shaped water tank 502 and the outer shell platform 501. An inlet hose 505 is installed on one side of the outer wall of the fan-shaped water tank 502, and a solenoid valve 506 is installed at the end of the inlet hose 505 away from the fan-shaped water tank 502. The solenoid valve 506 is connected to the external water supply end through a high-pressure resistant hose. When the solenoid valve 506 is normally open, deionized water that meets the standard resistivity requirements enters the fan-shaped water tank 502 through the inlet hose 505 and is sprayed out by each atomizing nozzle 504 on the fan-shaped water tank 502 to achieve uniform atomized supply of deionized water. A photoelectric switch 509 is installed on one side of the top of the outer casing 501. Several light-blocking strips 510 are fixed at equal intervals on the arc-shaped outer wall of the fan-shaped water tank 502. The rotation position of the fan-shaped water tank 502 is determined by the photoelectric switch 509 and the light-blocking strips 510. Since multiple light-blocking strips 510 are installed at equal intervals on the arc-shaped outer wall of the fan-shaped water tank 502, the rotation angle of the fan-shaped water tank 502 can be determined by the cooperation of the light-blocking strips 510 and the photoelectric switch 509, so as to prevent the fan-shaped water tank 502 from rotating out of the outer casing 501.

[0022] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0023] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for testing high-voltage porcelain insulators, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. Place the porcelain insulator test specimen on the insulation hanger (4) and turn on the horizontal adjustment component (7) through the PLC control panel (9). The two horizontal adjustment components (7) drive the multi-position equidistant adjustment components (6) at the corresponding positions to move smoothly in the horizontal direction until the two rows of gear-type ring spray humidification components (5) are close to the test specimen and stop after reaching the preset spray working distance with the outer surface of the test specimen. S2. Since the column-type porcelain insulator has multiple umbrella skirts of different diameters distributed axially, the staff can turn on the synchronous lifting component (3) through the PLC control panel (9). The synchronous lifting component (3) drives the two multi-position equidistant adjustment components (6) on the left and right to move synchronously. The multi-position equidistant adjustment components (6) control the spacing between two adjacent gear-type ring spray humidification components (5) in the vertical direction until the gear-type ring spray humidification component (5) corresponds to the axial section of one umbrella skirt. S3. The external water supply end delivers deionized water that meets the standard resistivity requirements to each gear-type ring spray humidification component (5) through a high-pressure resistant hose. At the same time, the rotation drive component (8) starts to work, driving the gear-type ring spray humidification components (5) in the same row to rotate at a constant speed around the central axis of the test sample. During the rotation and displacement process, the gear-type ring spray humidification components (5) continuously spray water mist onto the surface of the porcelain insulator. As the nozzle moves in a circle with the component, the water droplets can evenly cover the surface of the test sample, effectively overcoming the shielding effect of the umbrella skirt, so that the water is evenly spread on the upper surface, lower surface and root of the umbrella skirt, forming a continuous and uniformly thick conductive water film. After confirming that a stable water film has been formed on the entire surface of the test sample and there is no dry area residue, this state is maintained until the humidification conditions reach the standard-specified stable duration and the equipment stops working. S4. Connect the high voltage output electrode clamp of the breakdown voltage tester to the steel foot of the porcelain insulator, connect the grounding electrode clamp to the steel cap, and the breakdown voltage tester will steadily increase the voltage at a preset rate. S5. When the test sample experiences wet flashover or internal breakdown, the protection mechanism of the breakdown voltage tester cuts off the high-voltage power supply and automatically records the breakdown voltage value. If the test sample withstands the specified voltage and maintains the standard duration without breakdown, it is judged to pass.

2. A high-voltage porcelain insulator testing device, comprising a chassis (1) and a lower platform (2) fixed on the top plane of the chassis (1), characterized in that: An insulating hanger (4) is placed directly above the lower platform (2) and is used to support the porcelain insulator test specimen; The lateral adjustment component (7) has two components and is symmetrically installed at the bottom of the lower frame (2). Each of the lateral adjustment components (7) has multiple equidistant adjustment components (6) connected to its drive end. The synchronous lifting component (3) is located at the top of the lower platform (2) and drives the two multi-position equidistant adjustment components (6) on the left and right to perform synchronous actions. Two rows of gear-type ring spray humidification components (5) are arranged on the corresponding side of the multi-position equidistant adjustment component (6). The gear-type ring spray humidification components (5) are arranged equidistantly in the vertical direction. The multi-position equidistant adjustment component (6) is used to adjust the spacing between the gear-type ring spray humidification components (5) in the same row. Rotary drive assembly (8) is located on one side of the multi-position equidistant adjustment assembly (6) and is used to drive each of the gear-type ring spray humidification assemblies (5) in the same column to rotate around the porcelain insulator test specimen on the insulating hanger (4). The PLC control panel (9) is installed on one side of the outer wall of the chassis (1) and is electrically connected to the synchronous lifting assembly (3), the horizontal adjustment assembly (7), and the rotary drive assembly (8).

3. The high-voltage porcelain insulator testing equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The synchronous lifting assembly (3) includes four columns (301) fixed at the top corner of the lower frame (2), a top platform (302) fixed to the upper end of the four columns (301), and a slide (304) slidably installed on the four columns (301). A first cylinder (303) is installed at the center of the top of the top of the top platform (302). The first cylinder (303) is used to drive the slide (304) to rise and fall in the axial direction. Two slide seats (305) are slidably installed on the left and right sides of the bottom of the slide (304) through the rail. The slide seats (305) are used to connect with the multi-position equidistant adjustment assembly (6).

4. The high-voltage porcelain insulator testing equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The insulating hanger (4) includes a U-shaped frame (401) fixed at the bottom of the top platform (302), two rod seats (402) fixed on the front and rear inner walls of the U-shaped frame (401), and an insulating rod (403) fixedly connected between the two rod seats (402). Both ends of the surface of the insulating rod (403) are slidably installed with clamps (404). The U-shaped frame (401) passes through the slide (304), and the rod seats (402), the insulating rod (403), and the clamps (404) are all located directly below the slide (304).

5. The high-voltage porcelain insulator testing equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lateral adjustment assembly (7) includes a second cylinder (701) fixed on the outer wall of one side of the lower frame (2), a base (702) fixed at the end of the piston rod of the second cylinder (701), and a connecting plate (703) installed at the front and rear positions of the top of the base (702). The upper end of the connecting plate (703) extends upward through the lower frame (2) and is fixedly connected to the multi-position equidistant adjustment assembly (6). The upper surface of the base (702) and the lower surface of the lower frame (2) are connected by a guide rail and a sliding sleeve.

6. The high-voltage porcelain insulator testing equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The multi-position equidistant adjustment assembly (6) includes a C-shaped side frame (601) fixed to the upper end of two connecting plates (703), multiple guide posts (607) fixed inside the C-shaped side frame (601), and several hollow convex frames (605) slidably mounted on the guide posts (607) in the vertical direction. Scissor links (606) are installed between the hollow convex frames (605). The C-shaped side frame (601) is close to the vertical center of the lower platform (2). A convex base (602) is fixed at the upper position of one side of the outer wall of the reference surface. A T-arm (603) is vertically slidably installed inside the convex base (602). The lower end of the T-arm (603) is connected to the uppermost hollow convex frame (605), and the upper end of the T-arm (603) is fixedly connected to the slide (305). The gear-type ring spray humidification assembly (5) is installed on the outer wall of the hollow convex frame (605) away from the guide post (607).

7. A high-voltage porcelain insulator testing device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The gear-type ring spray humidification assembly (5) includes a housing platform (501) fixed to the top of a hollow convex frame (605), a fan-shaped cavity (5012) disposed in the housing platform (501), and a fan-shaped water tank (502) slidably installed in the fan-shaped cavity (5012). Several atomizing nozzles (504) are installed on the arc-shaped inner wall of the fan-shaped water tank (502), and a toothed groove (503) is integrally formed on the arc-shaped outer wall of the fan-shaped water tank (502). A straight groove (5011) is provided at the bottom end of the housing platform (501), and a meshing internal spline gear shaft (508) and a secondary gear (507) are rotatably installed inside the straight groove (5011). The secondary gear (507) meshes with the toothed groove (503).

8. A high-voltage porcelain insulator testing device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The rotary drive assembly (8) includes a vertical plate (604) fixed to the bottom of the C-shaped side frame (601), a helical gear hardened tooth surface reducer (801) fixed on the outer wall of the vertical plate (604) away from the guide post (607), and a vertical spline shaft (802) fixed to the lower end of the output shaft of the helical gear hardened tooth surface reducer (801). The vertical spline shaft (802) is concentric with each internal spline gear shaft (508) in the same column in the vertical direction and is engaged by splines.

9. A high-voltage porcelain insulator testing device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A support ring (5013) is installed between the top of the outer shell platform (501) and the contact surface of the fan-shaped water tank (502). An inlet hose (505) is installed on one side of the outer wall of the fan-shaped water tank (502), and a solenoid valve (506) is installed at the end of the inlet hose (505) away from the fan-shaped water tank (502).

10. A high-voltage porcelain insulator testing device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A photoelectric switch (509) is installed on one side of the top of the outer shell platform (501), and several light-blocking strips (510) are fixed at equal intervals on the arc-shaped outer wall of the fan-shaped water tank (502). The rotation position of the fan-shaped water tank (502) is determined by the photoelectric switch (509) and the light-blocking strips (510).

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