A large-size multi-beam fusion device based on a multi-layer dielectric flat plate

Abstract

The application discloses a large-size multi-beam fusion device based on a multi-layer medium flat plate, which comprises at least one multi-layer medium flat plate; the multi-layer medium flat plate is a layered composite material and comprises, in sequence along an electromagnetic wave incidence direction, an optical reflection medium layer for reflecting electromagnetic waves of a preset optical wave band, a microwave transmission layer for transmitting electromagnetic waves of a preset radio frequency wave band, and a microwave anti-reflection layer arranged on a side of the microwave transmission layer, which is away from the optical reflection medium layer. The large-size multi-beam fusion device based on the multi-layer medium flat plate has an overall super-wide wave band fusion capability: the unique transmission microwave-reflection infrared layered structure solves the problem of fusion of an extremely wide radio frequency wave band and a wide optical wave band in principle, the coverage range is much wider than that of a traditional FSS or a simple coating structure, the radio frequency insertion loss can be less than 0.5 dB, the optical reflectivity is greater than 95%, and meanwhile, good surface precision is ensured, so that the requirements of high-gain antennas and high-resolution optical systems are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of infrared imaging technology, and more specifically, to a large-size multi-beam fusion device based on a multilayer dielectric flat panel. Background Technology

[0002] Based on the transmission / reflection / scattering characteristics of multi-beam fusion devices for radio frequency targets, infrared targets, and laser targets, multi-beam fusion devices can be divided into three types: radio frequency transmission / infrared transmission, infrared transmission / reflection frequency transmission, and radio frequency transmission / laser scattering. Typical radio frequency transmission / infrared transmission devices include multilayer dielectric flat plates, micro-mirror arrays, and frequency selective surfaces. Infrared transmission / reflection frequency transmission uses a grid structure, while radio frequency transmission / laser scattering uses a diffuse reflection screen.

[0003] Existing multi-beam fusion devices composed of multiple layers of media have good infrared imaging quality due to the method of depositing infrared reflective films on the substrate material. However, in order to combine the reflected infrared signals and transmitted radio frequency signals with a common aperture, the multi-beam fusion device must be tilted relative to the radio frequency axis. This will lead to differences in the transmission coefficients of radio frequency signals with different polarizations and changes in the line of sight angle. Moreover, multi-beam fusion devices with limited size cannot adapt to the needs of various environments. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To overcome the aforementioned deficiencies of the prior art, embodiments of the present invention provide a large-size multi-beam fusion device based on a multi-layer dielectric flat panel. By setting up a large-size multi-beam fusion device with a multi-layer dielectric flat panel, the device as a whole possesses ultra-wideband fusion capability: the original transmission microwave-reflection infrared layered structure solves the problem of fusion of extremely wide radio frequency bands and wide optical bands in principle, and the coverage range far exceeds that of traditional FSS or simple coating structures. It can achieve radio frequency insertion loss <0.5dB and optical reflectivity >95%, while ensuring good surface accuracy, meeting the requirements of high-gain antennas and high-resolution optical systems, thereby solving the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a large-size multi-beam fusion device based on a multilayer dielectric plate, comprising at least one multilayer dielectric plate; the multilayer dielectric plate is a layered composite material, and sequentially comprises the following components along the electromagnetic wave incident direction: An optical reflective medium layer, used to reflect electromagnetic waves in a predetermined optical band; A microwave-transmitting layer is used to transmit electromagnetic waves in a predetermined radio frequency band. A microwave antireflection layer is disposed on the side of the microwave transmitting layer opposite to the optical reflective medium layer, and is used to reduce the reflection of electromagnetic waves in the preset radio frequency band.

[0006] In a preferred embodiment, the optical reflective medium layer includes a broadband infrared reflective film layer capable of reflecting electromagnetic waves from the near-infrared to the long-wave infrared band.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment, the microwave-transmitting layer is made of an organic, inorganic, or metamaterial that is transparent to a preset radio frequency band. The preset radio frequency band covers the L-band to the W-band and includes the terahertz band.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, the multilayer dielectric plate is a single-layer plate structure or a multilayer plate structure; when it is a multilayer plate structure, the material and thickness of each layer are matched and designed according to the required optical reflection characteristics and microwave transmission characteristics.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the overall shape of the multilayer dielectric plate is any one of circular, square or other polygonal shapes; its maximum size is not less than 300mm.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the multilayer dielectric plate is composed of multiple sub-plates assembled by optical or mechanical splicing. The multilayer dielectric plate is used to achieve a common aperture output of the combined radio frequency beam and optical beam; wherein the optical beam covers the ultraviolet, visible and infrared bands.

[0011] The technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows: This invention utilizes a large-size multi-beam fusion device with multiple layers of dielectric flat plates, which possesses an ultra-wide band fusion capability: the unique transmission microwave-reflection infrared layered structure solves the problem of fusion between extremely wide radio frequency bands and wide optical bands in principle, and the coverage range far exceeds that of traditional FSS or simple coating structures. High performance indicators: Through microwave antireflection layer design and film system optimization, RF insertion loss <0.5dB and optical reflectivity >95% (in the target infrared band) can be achieved, while ensuring good surface accuracy (e.g., RMS <λ / 10@632.8nm), meeting the requirements of high-gain antennas and high-resolution optical systems; Feasibility of large-size engineering: Based on dielectric flat panels, it is compatible with both integral processing and flexible splicing, which effectively solves the urgent needs of military, aerospace and other fields for large-size common aperture antennas, and reduces the manufacturing threshold and cost; Stable structure and environmental adaptability: The all-dielectric solid structure has no fragile mesh, and has excellent mechanical strength, weather resistance and power capacity, making it suitable for various harsh environments; High design flexibility: By adjusting the material, thickness, and number of layers, the operating frequency band, optical characteristics, and mechanical properties of the device can be flexibly customized to adapt to different application scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall rear structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall microstructure of the present invention under an electron microscope.

[0013] The attached figures are labeled as follows: 1. Optical reflective medium layer; 2. Microwave transmittance layer; 3. Microwave antireflection layer. Detailed Implementation

[0014] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0015] As attached Figure 1 To be continued Figure 3 The large-size multibeam fusion device based on a multilayer dielectric plate shown includes at least one multilayer dielectric plate; the multilayer dielectric plate is a layered composite material, and comprises, in sequence along the electromagnetic wave incident direction: Optical reflective medium layer 1, used to reflect electromagnetic waves of a preset optical band; Microwave-transmitting layer 2 is used to transmit electromagnetic waves in a preset radio frequency band. The microwave antireflection layer 3 is disposed on the side of the microwave transmitting layer 2 facing away from the optical reflective medium layer 1, and is used to reduce the reflection of the preset radio frequency band electromagnetic waves. Among them, the optical reflective medium layer 1 serves as the light-facing surface and is designed to have high reflectivity for specific optical bands (especially the infrared band). Preferably, this layer is a broadband infrared reflective film layer, employing a multilayer dielectric film system design, which can achieve efficient reflection in multiple atmospheric window bands such as near-infrared, mid-infrared, and long-infrared.

[0016] Microwave Transmissive Layer 2: As the main structural element, this layer is composed of materials that are transparent to or have low loss from the target radio frequency signals. A wide range of materials can be selected, including but not limited to: high-molecular organic materials (such as polytetrafluoroethylene, cyclic olefin copolymers), inorganic materials (such as quartz glass, sapphire), or artificially designed metamaterials. This layer must ensure efficient transmission of electromagnetic waves from the L-band (~1 GHz) to the W-band (~100 GHz) and even the terahertz band (0.1-10 THz). Microwave antireflection layer 3: Located on the back side of microwave transmission layer 2. Its function is impedance matching, further reducing the reflection loss of radio frequency waves at the dielectric plate exit interface and improving the overall transmission efficiency. This layer can be a single-layer or multi-layer impedance matching film system.

[0017] The optical reflective medium layer 1 includes a broadband infrared reflective film layer capable of reflecting electromagnetic waves from near-infrared to long-wave infrared bands. The microwave transmission layer 2 is made of organic, inorganic, or metamaterials that are transparent to a preset radio frequency band. The preset radio frequency band covers the L-band to the W-band and includes the terahertz band. The multilayer dielectric plate is a single-layer or multilayer plate structure. When it is a multilayer plate structure, the material and thickness of each layer are matched and designed according to the required optical reflection and microwave transmission characteristics. The overall shape of the multilayer dielectric plate is any one of circular, square, or other polygonal shapes. Its maximum size is not less than 300 mm. The multilayer dielectric plate is composed of multiple sub-plates assembled by optical or mechanical splicing. The multilayer dielectric plate is used to achieve the combined common-aperture output of radio frequency beams and optical beams. The optical beam band covers the ultraviolet, visible, and infrared bands.

[0018] Working principle of the invention: Microwave signal path (transmission path): Radar signals from a distance (such as Ka-band) or detection microwaves emitted by the device itself are incident from the outside of the device (usually the side with microwave antireflection layer 3). The signal passes through microwave antireflection layer 3 and microwave transmission layer 2 in sequence. The antireflection layer suppresses surface reflection, and the transmission layer ensures low-loss transmission. The signal reaches optical reflective medium layer 1. Since this layer is an electrically extremely thin "coating" for microwaves, the microwaves almost completely penetrate it and continue to propagate forward. It is received or transmitted by the microwave antenna (such as phased array antenna) at the back end, and finally the microwave beam passes through the entire composite planar window without loss (or with low loss). Infrared / Optical Signal Path (Reflection Path): Infrared radiation (such as mid-wave infrared, long-wave infrared) from the target scene or a laser beam emitted by the system enters from the same side. The infrared radiation first passes through the microwave anti-reflection layer 3 (which may be transparent to infrared light or specially designed), and then through the microwave transmission layer 2 (this layer should also be transparent to infrared light, such as using quartz material). When the infrared radiation reaches the optical reflective medium layer 1, since this layer is a high-reflection film designed for the optical band, the infrared radiation will be efficiently reflected, changing the propagation direction. The reflected infrared beam is deflected at a specific angle (usually 45° or depending on the system optical path design) and received by the infrared detector or optical system located on the side. Finally, the optical beam is deflected in situ and separated into different receiving channels.

[0019] Finally, the following points should be noted: First, in the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", and "linkage" should be interpreted broadly, and can be mechanical or electrical connections, or internal connections between two components, or direct connections. "Up", "down", "left", "right", etc. are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may change. Secondly: The accompanying drawings of the embodiments disclosed in this invention only involve the structures involved in the embodiments disclosed in this invention. Other structures can refer to the general design. In the absence of conflict, the same embodiment and different embodiments of this invention can be combined with each other. In conclusion, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A large-size multibeam fusion device based on a multilayer dielectric flat panel, characterized in that: It includes at least one multilayer dielectric plate; the multilayer dielectric plate is a layered composite material, and comprises, in sequence along the incident direction of the electromagnetic wave: An optical reflective medium layer, used to reflect electromagnetic waves in a predetermined optical band; A microwave-transmitting layer is used to transmit electromagnetic waves in a predetermined radio frequency band. A microwave antireflection layer is disposed on the side of the microwave transmitting layer opposite to the optical reflective medium layer, and is used to reduce the reflection of electromagnetic waves in the preset radio frequency band.

2. The large-size multi-beam fusion device based on a multilayer dielectric flat panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The optical reflective medium layer includes a broadband infrared reflective film layer, which is capable of reflecting electromagnetic waves from the near-infrared to the long-wave infrared band.

3. The large-size multi-beam fusion device based on a multilayer dielectric flat panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microwave-transmitting layer is made of any one of organic, inorganic, or metamaterials that is transparent to a preset radio frequency band. The preset radio frequency band covers the L-band to the W-band and includes the terahertz band.

4. The large-size multi-beam fusion device based on a multilayer dielectric flat panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multilayer dielectric plate can be a single-layer plate structure or a multilayer plate structure; when it is a multilayer plate structure, the material and thickness of each layer are matched and designed according to the required optical reflection characteristics and microwave transmission characteristics.

5. A large-size multibeam fusion device based on a multilayer dielectric flat panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The overall shape of the multilayer dielectric plate is any one of circular, square or other polygonal shapes; its maximum size is not less than 300mm.

6. A large-size multi-beam fusion device based on a multilayer dielectric flat panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multilayer dielectric plate is composed of multiple sub-plates assembled by optical or mechanical splicing. The multilayer dielectric plate is used to achieve the combined common aperture output of radio frequency beam and optical beam; wherein, the optical beam covers the ultraviolet, visible and infrared bands.

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