A pond bottom water exchange device
By designing a bottom-circulating water exchange device for ponds, combined with multi-stage filtration and a biodegradable layer, the problems of water waste and equipment blockage in pond water exchange and cleaning technologies have been solved, achieving efficient and stable water quality management.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- CHENGDU VOCATIONAL COLLEGE OF AGRI SCI & TECH
- Filing Date
- 2026-03-20
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-16
Smart Images
Figure CN122207633A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of pond aquaculture technology, specifically relating to a pond bottom circulating water exchange device. Background Technology
[0002] With the intensive development of aquaculture, high-density farming, while increasing yield per unit area, has also brought about serious water quality deterioration. During the farming process, organic matter such as fish and shrimp excrement, uneaten feed, and dead organisms continuously accumulates at the bottom of the pond, forming bottom mud. This bottom mud decomposes under anaerobic conditions, producing toxic and harmful substances such as ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, and hydrogen sulfide. This not only depletes dissolved oxygen in the water but also breeds pathogens, leading to slow growth, weakened immunity, and even large-scale mortality in farmed organisms. Therefore, regular water changes and bottom mud removal are crucial for maintaining stable water quality in aquaculture ponds and ensuring the safety of aquaculture operations.
[0003] Existing pond water exchange and cleaning technologies mainly have the following problems:
[0004] First, traditional water exchange methods often employ a "large-scale drainage and irrigation" approach, directly draining wastewater from the aquaculture ponds and then refilling them with fresh water. This method not only wastes precious water resources but also pollutes the surrounding natural environment with the discharged eutrophic wastewater. Furthermore, direct drainage often only removes surface suspended solids, failing to effectively remove the thick silt deposited at the bottom of the pond, resulting in "old silt remaining, new water becoming turbid again," leading to limited and short-lived water quality improvement.
[0005] Secondly, for bottom sediment removal, the commonly used methods are mechanical dredgers or simple submersible pumps. Mechanical dredgers are bulky, complex to operate, and easily agitate the bottom sediment, causing the water to become extremely turbid instantly, which can cause stress to aquaculture organisms. Ordinary submersible pumps, lacking effective stirring and flow guiding mechanisms, are prone to suction port blockage or can only extract localized areas of thin sediment, failing to evenly suspend and completely remove compacted bottom sediment. Especially for irregularly shaped or large aquaculture ponds, unidirectional stirring often causes sediment to accumulate in mounds at the bottom, making it impossible to effectively capture by the suction pipe.
[0006] Furthermore, while existing circulating water purification systems incorporate sedimentation tanks and filtration devices, their pretreatment processes are often weak. For example, some systems lack efficient solid-liquid separation or sediment suspension mechanisms before introducing wastewater into the purification tank, resulting in a large number of fine particles directly entering the filter layer, quickly clogging the filter media, and increasing the frequency of backwashing and maintenance costs. Simultaneously, existing technologies using the siphon principle for low-energy water pumping often lack anti-clogging designs and flow control measures; once the suction port is blocked by aquatic plants or large debris, the entire circulation system is forced to shut down.
[0007] Therefore, a new type of pond bottom circulating water exchange device needs to be designed. Summary of the Invention
[0008] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a pond bottom circulating water exchange device.
[0009] The technical solution adopted in this invention is: a pond bottom circulating water exchange device, including a breeding pond, a purification pond, a return pond, and a water replenishment pump. The purification pond sucks up the bottom mud and sludge of the breeding pond through a suction mechanism; the return pond is used to receive the purified water after purification in the purification pond and transport the purified water back to the breeding pond through the return pump; the water replenishment pump is used to replenish purified water to the breeding pond or the return pond; the suction mechanism includes a bottom mud stirring component and a siphon pumping component. The bottom mud stirring component includes multiple sets of forward and reverse stirring units arranged side by side, with an arc-shaped net between the forward and reverse stirring units. The siphon pumping component includes a pumping pipe extending into the arc-shaped net.
[0010] To better implement the present invention, the arc-shaped mesh includes two arc-shaped end members, with multiple guide strips connected between the two arc-shaped end members; it also includes multiple arc-shaped ribs, with the multiple guide strips sequentially connected to the outside of the arc-shaped mesh.
[0011] To better implement the present invention, the siphon pumping assembly includes a main pipe with multiple suction ports on the main pipe, each suction port being connected to a pumping pipe; a siphon pipe for supplying water to the purification tank is connected to the main pipe, the lower end of the siphon pipe being lower than the lower end of the pumping pipe.
[0012] To better implement the present invention, a first solenoid valve is provided at the lower part of the siphon tube, and a side branch tube is provided at the upper part of the siphon tube, with a corresponding sealing cap.
[0013] To better implement the present invention, a fine sand layer, a pebble layer, and a filter layer are arranged sequentially from bottom to top at the bottom of the purification tank. An isolation net is provided between the fine sand layer and the pebble layer, and between the pebble layer and the filter layer. A fine sand filter net is used between the return tank and the fine sand layer.
[0014] To better implement the present invention, a biodegradable layer is provided between the pebble layer and the filter layer, and biodegradable filler balls are uniformly placed in the biodegradable layer.
[0015] To better implement the present invention, a reflux pump is also included, wherein the reflux pump's reflux pumping pipe extends into the reflux pool, and the reflux pump's reflux drain pipe returns the water to the aquaculture pool.
[0016] To better implement the present invention, the water replenishment pump is connected to a water replenishment inlet pipe and a water replenishment outlet pipe, the end of the water replenishment outlet pipe flows to a return pool or aquaculture pool, and the water replenishment inlet pipe is connected to a live water source.
[0017] To better implement the present invention, multiple water quality sensors are distributed in the aquaculture pond.
[0018] To better implement the present invention, a water level sensor is installed in the aquaculture pond.
[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The bottom circulation water exchange device of the present invention, through the cooperation of aquaculture pond, purification pond, return pond, water replenishment pump and bottom mud stirring component, can efficiently stir and extract bottom sludge and prevent suction port blockage. The purification pond purifies the water and then returns it to the aquaculture pond, saving water resources. The water replenishment pump replenishes water according to actual needs to maintain the water level of the entire aquaculture pond. Attached Figure Description
[0020] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. In all the drawings, similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals. In the drawings, the elements or parts are not necessarily drawn to scale.
[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a pond bottom circulating water exchange device according to the present invention;
[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom sediment stirring assembly of a pond bottom circulating water exchange device according to the present invention;
[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an arc-shaped mesh in a pond bottom circulating water exchange device according to the present invention;
[0024] In the attached diagram, 1—breeding pond, 2—purification pond, 3—recirculation pond, 4—water replenishment pump, 5—siphon pipe, 6—recirculation pump, 7—recirculation pumping pipe, 8—recirculation drain pipe, 9—water replenishment inlet pipe, 10—water replenishment outlet pipe, 11—forward motor, 12—forward auger seat, 13—forward auger, 14—reverse motor, 15—reverse motor seat, 16—reverse auger, 17—pumping pipe, 18—main pipe, 19—suction port, 20—side branch pipe, 21—end arc-shaped component, 22—guide strip, 23—arc-shaped rib, 24—filter layer, 25—biodegradable layer, 26—pebble layer, 27—fine sand layer. Detailed Implementation
[0025] The embodiments of the technical solution of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solution of the present invention and are therefore intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0026] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this disclosure clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this disclosure, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this disclosure described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.
[0027] In the description of this disclosure, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "inner," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the disclosed product is in use. They are only for the convenience of describing this disclosure and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this disclosure. In addition, the terms "first," "second," etc., are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0028] In the description of this disclosure, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "setup" and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this disclosure based on the specific circumstances.
[0029] It should be noted that, unless otherwise stated, the technical or scientific terms used in this application should have the ordinary meaning as understood by those skilled in the art.
[0030] Example:
[0031] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, the pond bottom circulating water exchange device of the present invention includes an aquaculture pond 1, a purification pond 2, a return pond 3, and a water replenishment pump 4. The purification pond 2 sucks up the bottom mud and sludge of the aquaculture pond 1 through a suction mechanism. The return pond 3 is used to receive the purified water after purification in the purification pond 2 and to transport the purified water back to the aquaculture pond 1 through the return pump 6. The water replenishment pump 4 is used to replenish the purified water to the aquaculture pond 1 or the return pond 3. The suction mechanism includes a bottom mud stirring assembly and a siphon water pumping assembly. The bottom mud stirring assembly includes multiple sets of forward and reverse stirrers arranged side by side. An arc-shaped net is provided between the forward and reverse stirrers. The siphon water pumping assembly includes a water pumping pipe 17 extending into the arc-shaped net. This invention discloses a bottom-circulating water exchange device for a pond. Through the cooperation of an aquaculture pond 1, a purification pond 2, a return pond 3, a water replenishment pump 4, and a bottom sediment mixing assembly, it can efficiently stir and remove bottom sediment, preventing suction port blockage. The purification pond 2 purifies the water before returning it to the aquaculture pond 1, saving water resources. The water replenishment pump replenishes water according to actual needs, maintaining the water level of the entire aquaculture pond. It should be noted that the forward agitator includes a forward motor 11, a forward auger seat 12, and a forward auger 13 fitted between the forward motor 11 and the forward auger seat 12; the reverse agitator includes a reverse motor 14, a reverse motor seat 15, and a reverse auger 16 fitted between the reverse motor 14 and the reverse motor seat 15. The sealing method of the forward motor 11 and the reverse motor 14 is consistent with that of the submersible pump.
[0032] In a preferred embodiment, the arc-shaped mesh includes two arc-shaped end members 21, with multiple guide strips 22 connected between the two end members 21; it also includes multiple arc-shaped ribs 23, with the arc-shaped ribs 23 sequentially connected to the multiple guide strips 22 from the outside of the arc-shaped mesh. By setting multiple guide strips 22 between the two end members 21 and innovatively adding arc-shaped ribs 23 connecting the multiple guide strips 22 on the outside, a spatial mesh structure with high rigidity is constructed. On the one hand, the synergistic effect of the arched frame and the outer arc-shaped ribs 23 significantly enhances the structural stability of the arc-shaped net in the complex underwater stress environment, effectively preventing the net from deforming and collapsing, and ensuring that the pumping pipe is always in the optimal working position. On the other hand, the grid flow channel formed by the guide strips 22 and the arc-shaped ribs 23 optimizes the water flow field, which can efficiently guide the broken bottom mud to converge towards the suction port, improve the dredging efficiency, and also act as a coarse filter barrier to intercept large debris and prevent the suction system from clogging, thereby achieving efficient, stable and low failure rate pond bottom mud cleaning operation.
[0033] In a preferred embodiment, the siphon pumping assembly includes a main pipe 18 with multiple suction ports 19 connected to a pumping pipe 17. A siphon pipe 5, which supplies water to the purification tank 2, is connected to the main pipe 18, with its lower end lower than the lower end of the pumping pipe 17. This combination of 'multiple suction ports in parallel + low-position siphon output' has significant advantages: First, by connecting multiple pumping pipes 17 extending into the arc-shaped net through the main pipe 18, multi-point synchronous operation of bottom sludge cleaning is achieved, significantly expanding the coverage area of a single dredging operation and effectively eliminating blind spots in the tank bottom. Second, the innovative design of setting the outlet end of the siphon pipe 5 lower than the suction end of the pumping pipe 17 utilizes the maximized vertical height difference to create a strong siphon driving force. This not only ensures that high-viscosity bottom sludge can be smoothly sucked out, overcoming the shortcomings of traditional siphons such as easy flow interruption and insufficient power, but also fully utilizes gravitational potential energy, significantly reducing system energy consumption. Third, the main pipe structure plays a role in evenly distributing and buffering the flow, improving the system's operational stability in complex bottom sediment environments, and realizing efficient, energy-saving, and continuous automatic removal of pond bottom sediment.
[0034] In a preferred embodiment, a first solenoid valve is installed at the lower part of the siphon pipe 5, and a side branch pipe 20 is installed at the upper part of the siphon pipe 5, with a corresponding sealing cap. Integrating the first solenoid valve at the lower part of the siphon pipe 5 and adding a side branch pipe 20 with a sealing cap at the upper high point creates a dual optimization mechanism of 'intelligent control + convenient maintenance'. The lower solenoid valve enables fully automated start / stop and flow control of the siphon process, completely eliminating reliance on manual operation and effectively preventing water backflow after shutdown. The upper side branch pipe 20 is creatively used as a dedicated venting and water injection channel, cleverly solving the technical bottleneck of 'difficult water intake and slow venting' in long-distance siphon pipes, ensuring the system can quickly establish and maintain a stable vacuum negative pressure state. This structure provides a convenient interface for daily dredging, maintenance, and condition monitoring, significantly improving the maintainability and operational reliability of the equipment, and achieving high efficiency in pond bottom sediment cleaning operations.
[0035] In a preferred embodiment, a fine sand layer 27, a pebble layer 26, and a filter layer 24 are sequentially arranged from bottom to top at the bottom of the purification tank 2. Isolation nets are installed between the fine sand layer 27 and the pebble layer 26, and between the pebble layer 26 and the filter layer 24. A fine sand filter net is also installed between the return tank 3 and the fine sand layer 27. A multi-stage gradient filtration system of 'fine sand-pebbles-filter layer' is constructed at the bottom of the purification tank, and inter-layer isolation nets and a fine sand filter net at the return end are introduced. By utilizing a combination of filter media with different particle sizes, precise interception of suspended solids in the water from large to small is achieved, significantly improving the purification efficiency and dirt-holding capacity per pass. The inter-layer isolation net completely solves the problems of filter media mixing and caking that easily occur in traditional multi-layer filters, ensuring the independence and stability of the function of each filter layer and significantly extending the maintenance-free operation cycle of the system. The fine sand filter screen at the inlet of the return tank forms a double insurance mechanism, which not only prevents the loss of filter media from causing wear and blockage to the subsequent water pumps and pipelines, but also ensures the absolute purity of the return water, thus achieving an efficient, safe and sustainable cycle of the aquaculture water environment.
[0036] In a preferred embodiment, a biodegradable layer 25 is further disposed between the pebble layer 26 and the filter layer 24, and biodegradable packing balls are uniformly placed in this biodegradable layer 25. By adding a biodegradable layer 25 and uniformly filling it with biodegradable packing balls between the pebble layer 26 and the filter layer 24, a three-stage coupled purification system of 'physical interception-biodegradation-deep filtration' is constructed. This overcomes the limitation of traditional physical filtration, which can only remove suspended solids. Utilizing the highly efficient microbial community enriched on the surface of the packing balls, deep removal of dissolved organic pollutants, ammonia nitrogen, and total nitrogen in the water is achieved, significantly improving the ecological safety of the effluent. The large specific surface area and uniformly distributed flow channel design provided by the specialized packing balls greatly improve the biofilm formation and mass transfer efficiency, ensuring that the system maintains high-activity biochemical reactions with low energy consumption. Biodegradation enables in-situ mineralization and reduction of some organic sludge, effectively delaying the clogging process of the physical filter layer, extending the cleaning and maintenance cycle of the entire purification system, reducing long-term operating costs, and achieving high efficiency and ecological sustainability in the water treatment process.
[0037] In a preferred embodiment, a return pump 6 is also included. The return pump 6's return suction pipe 7 extends into the return pool 3, and the return drain pipe 8 of the return pump 6 returns the water to the aquaculture pond 1. By configuring the return pump 6 and its connected return suction pipe 7 and return drain pipe 8, an active closed-loop circulation drive mechanism is constructed between the aquaculture pond 1 and the purification system. Forced water circulation using mechanical power completely eliminates stratification and dead zones in the aquaculture water, achieving homogenization of the entire pond's water quality and immediate removal of pollutants. Through shear oxygenation and cascading aeration during the pumping process, the overall dissolved oxygen level of the system is significantly improved, meeting the respiratory needs of the aquaculture organisms and providing the necessary oxidation environment for the aerobic biodegradation process in the purification pond, thus greatly improving the ammonia nitrogen removal rate. Precise controllability of the circulation flow rate and water exchange cycle is achieved, enabling the system to dynamically adjust operating parameters according to the aquaculture load, ensuring purification effectiveness while achieving energy saving and consumption reduction. This circulation loop combines emergency water regulation with uniform distribution of medicines, greatly enhancing the risk resistance and management convenience of the aquaculture system. It is the core power unit for ensuring stable water quality in high-density aquaculture.
[0038] In a preferred embodiment, the water supply pump 4 is connected to a water supply inlet pipe 9 and a water supply outlet pipe 10. The end of the water supply outlet pipe 10 flows to the return pool 3 or the aquaculture pond 1, and the water supply inlet pipe 9 is connected to a live water source. This effectively compensates for water loss caused by evaporation, sewage discharge, and biological consumption, ensuring the continuous maintenance of the system's optimal operating water level and eliminating the risk of equipment idling and system shutdown due to water shortage. Introducing external 'live water' breaks the cumulative effect of dissolved pollutants (such as nitrates) and trace elements in the closed-loop system. Through regular replacement and dilution, it fundamentally solves the problem of 'water quality aging' and restores the ecological vitality and buffering capacity of the water body. The unique dual-outlet design (flowing to the return pool or the aquaculture pond) provides a flexible operating strategy: it can achieve pre-mixing, buffering, and secondary purification of new water through the return pool, avoiding stress damage to aquaculture organisms caused by sudden environmental changes; and it can also achieve rapid regulation by directly injecting water into the aquaculture pond in emergencies.
[0039] In a preferred embodiment, multiple water quality sensors and water level sensors are distributed throughout the aquaculture pond 1. This completely overcomes the spatial limitations and insufficient representativeness of traditional single-point monitoring, enabling real-time and accurate capture of the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of the water body in both horizontal and vertical directions. It provides high-confidence multi-source feedback data for the automated control system, realizing adaptive closed-loop regulation based on real-time water quality status (such as on-demand oxygenation, precise water replenishment, and intelligent sewage discharge), significantly reducing energy and material consumption while ensuring stable water quality. Utilizing a redundant verification mechanism for multi-point data, the fault tolerance and reliability of the monitoring system are greatly improved, avoiding misjudgments caused by single-point failures, and constructing a multi-level risk early warning system with second-level response, greatly enhancing the system's ability to cope with sudden environmental disasters. This layout not only serves real-time monitoring but also provides core support for water flow organization optimization and long-term aquaculture big data analysis, promoting the leap of aquaculture management towards digitalization, intelligence, and scientification.
[0040] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims and specification of the present invention.
Claims
1. A pond bottom circulating water exchange device, characterized in that: The system includes an aquaculture pond (1), a purification pond (2), a return pond (3), and a water replenishment pump (4). The purification pond (2) uses a suction mechanism to remove the bottom mud and sludge from the aquaculture pond (1). The return pond (3) is used to receive the purified water from the purification pond (2) and to return the purified water to the aquaculture pond (1) via the return pump (6). The water replenishment pump (4) is used to replenish the purified water to the aquaculture pond (1) or the return pond (3). The suction mechanism includes a bottom mud stirring assembly and a siphon pumping assembly. The bottom mud stirring assembly includes multiple sets of forward and reverse stirrers arranged side by side. An arc-shaped net is provided between the forward and reverse stirrers. The siphon pumping assembly includes a water pumping pipe (17) extending into the arc-shaped net.
2. The pond bottom circulating water exchange device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arc-shaped mesh includes two end arc-shaped parts (21), and multiple guide strips (22) are connected between the two end arc-shaped parts (21); it also includes multiple arc-shaped ribs (23), and the arc-shaped ribs (23) are connected to the multiple guide strips (22) sequentially from the outside of the arc-shaped mesh.
3. The pond bottom circulating water exchange device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The siphon pumping assembly includes a main pipe (18) with multiple suction ports (19) provided on the main pipe (18), each suction port (19) being connected to a pumping pipe (17); a siphon pipe (5) for supplying water to the purification tank (2) is connected to the main pipe (18), the lower end of the siphon pipe (5) being lower than the lower end of the pumping pipe (17).
4. The pond bottom circulating water exchange device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A first solenoid valve is provided at the lower part of the siphon tube (5), and a side branch pipe (20) is provided at the upper part of the siphon tube (5), with a corresponding sealing cap.
5. The pond bottom circulating water exchange device according to claim 4, characterized in that: At the bottom of the purification tank (2), a fine sand layer (27), a pebble layer (26), and a filter layer (24) are arranged sequentially from bottom to top. An isolation net is provided between the fine sand layer (27) and the pebble layer (26), and between the pebble layer (26) and the filter layer (24). A fine sand filter net is provided between the return tank (3) and the fine sand layer (27).
6. The pond bottom circulating water exchange device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A biodegradable layer (25) is also provided between the pebble layer (26) and the filter layer (24), and biodegradable filler balls are uniformly placed in the biodegradable layer (25).
7. The pond bottom circulating water exchange device according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a return pump (6), the return pump pipe (7) of which extends into the return pool (3), and the return drain pipe (8) of which returns to the aquaculture pool (1).
8. The pond bottom circulating water exchange device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The water pump (4) is connected to a water inlet pipe (9) and a water outlet pipe (10). The end of the water outlet pipe (10) flows to the return pool (3) or the aquaculture pool (1). The water inlet pipe (9) is connected to a live water source.
9. The pond bottom circulating water exchange device according to claim 8, characterized in that: Multiple water quality sensors are scattered in the aquaculture pond (1).
10. The pond bottom circulating water exchange device according to claim 9, characterized in that: A water level sensor is installed in the aquaculture pond (1).