Fossil energy, new energy, methanol collaborative hydrogen production system control method

Abstract

The present application relates to hydrogen production technology technical field, and disclose a kind of fossil energy, new energy, methanol collaborative hydrogen production system control method, the collaborative hydrogen production system control method includes the following steps: S301: initial data and operating data of new energy hydrogen production system, methanol peak shaving system and hydrogen storage system device related to control target are collected;S302: deviation between operating data and initial data is calculated according to the data collected;S303: according to the operating parameters collected in step S301, system operation steady-state hydrogen supply mode, new energy shortage peak shaving mode, new energy process storage mode selection;S304: according to the selected mode, whether the system operating state is in convergent state is judged;S305: according to the state of system, parameter control is carried out, after regulation, enter S301 step to continue to carry out further iteration, until the system is judged as steady-state hydrogen supply mode.The present application realizes green, stable, efficient, large-scale hydrogen production by introducing methanol as a flexible adjustment means.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of hydrogen production technology, specifically relating to a system and optimization method for the synergistic production of hydrogen from fossil energy, new energy, and methanol. Background Technology

[0002] Hydrogen, as a clean and efficient secondary energy source, plays a crucial role in the industrialization of hydrogen within the strategic context of addressing global climate change. Hydrogen production technology is the source and cornerstone of the entire hydrogen energy industry chain, currently mainly divided into two major technological routes: hydrogen production from fossil fuels and hydrogen production from renewable energy sources.

[0003] Fossil fuel hydrogen production, particularly coal-based hydrogen production technology, is currently the mainstream commercial hydrogen production method. Its advantages lie in mature technology, low raw material costs, and the ability to achieve large-scale stable production. However, this technological route has a fundamental and insurmountable drawback: the production process generates significant amounts of carbon dioxide emissions. Studies show that producing 1 kg of hydrogen is accompanied by approximately 5.48 kg of carbon emissions, which contradicts the direction of green and low-carbon development. Although some improvements have emerged in existing technologies, such as the waste pressure comprehensive utilization system disclosed in patent CN 218579893 U, which recovers pressure energy for power generation to improve energy utilization efficiency; patent CN 119771280 A, which improves the hydrogen production rate by optimizing the reactor structure; and patent CN 119878101 A, which studies in-situ hydrogen production methods. However, the drawback of these technical solutions is that they are essentially still partial optimizations of traditional high-carbon hydrogen production processes, only improving energy recovery or reaction efficiency, without fundamentally solving the core problem of high carbon emissions, and thus failing to meet the definition and development needs of "green hydrogen".

[0004] In contrast, using renewable energy sources such as wind and solar power to produce hydrogen through water electrolysis is an ideal path to achieving "green hydrogen" production, as the process generates almost no carbon emissions. However, this technological route also faces significant challenges. Its main drawback lies in the inherent intermittency, volatility, and unpredictability of renewable energy sources as raw materials, leading to highly unstable input power to the electrolyzer. This instability directly results in poor continuity and large fluctuations in hydrogen production, causing hydrogen production equipment to operate inefficiently or undergo frequent start-ups and shutdowns for extended periods. Consequently, stable and reliable large-scale production is difficult, resulting in high unit hydrogen production costs and severely restricting its commercial application and profitability. To address this issue, existing technologies have proposed several solutions, such as patents CN 119971577 A and CN 119675069.

[0005] CN 119727144 A and CN 119982342 A disclose systems for integrated wind power hydrogen production, energy storage optimization, and wind-solar hybrid energy management, respectively. However, these solutions have a drawback: they primarily address peak shaving and valley filling of unstable power supply through system integration, energy management, and algorithm optimization, mitigating fluctuations to some extent, but failing to fundamentally eliminate the problem of hydrogen production interruptions or sharp efficiency drops caused by energy input interruptions or drastic changes. These passive control measures still cannot guarantee a stable, all-weather, low-cost, and large-scale supply of hydrogen.

[0006] In summary, existing hydrogen production technologies face a significant dilemma: traditional fossil fuel-based hydrogen production routes are stable but have high carbon emissions, which does not align with future development trends; while renewable energy-based hydrogen production routes, although clean, are difficult to achieve economical, efficient, and stable large-scale production due to the instability of raw materials. Therefore, there is an urgent need in this field for a new hydrogen production technology that can overcome the aforementioned technological bottlenecks and achieve green, stable, efficient, and large-scale hydrogen production potential. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a system and control method for the synergistic production of hydrogen from fossil energy, new energy, and methanol. By deeply coupling hydrogen production from fossil energy and new energy sources, and introducing methanol as a flexible adjustment mechanism, green, stable, efficient, and large-scale hydrogen production can be achieved.

[0008] To achieve the aforementioned goals of green, stable, efficient, and large-scale hydrogen production, this invention provides the following technical solution:

[0009] A control method for a fossil fuel, new energy, and methanol co-production hydrogen system, wherein the co-production hydrogen system includes: a fossil fuel hydrogen production unit, a new energy hydrogen production unit, a methanol peak-shaving system, and a hydrogen storage unit; the control method based on the aforementioned fossil fuel, new energy, and methanol co-production hydrogen system includes the following steps:

[0010] S301: Data acquisition, collecting initial and operational data from the new energy hydrogen production unit, methanol peak shaving unit, and hydrogen storage unit related to the control target;

[0011] S302: Deviation calculation, calculates the deviation between the running data and the initial data based on the collected data;

[0012] S303: Mode selection. Based on the operating parameters collected in step S301, select the system's steady-state hydrogen supply mode, renewable energy peak shaving mode, or renewable energy process storage mode.

[0013] S304: Convergence judgment, determines whether the system is in a convergence state based on the selected mode;

[0014] S305: Parameter adjustment. Adjust the parameters according to the system state. After adjustment, proceed to step S301 for further iteration until the system is determined to be in steady-state hydrogen supply mode.

[0015] Furthermore, the new energy hydrogen production system includes: a new energy power generation device and an electrolysis hydrogen production device, wherein the new energy power generation device and the electrolysis hydrogen production device are connected via a DC bus. The co-production hydrogen system also includes: an energy storage module, wherein the power input and output lines of the energy storage module are respectively connected to the DC bus, and are sequentially equipped with energy storage input and output control switches; the power input and output lines of the methanol peak shaving system are connected to the DC bus; the hydrogen storage system includes: a hydrogen buffer tank and a hydrogen storage tank, wherein the inlet of the hydrogen buffer tank is connected to the outlet of the fossil energy hydrogen production system and the outlet of the water electrolysis hydrogen production device via pipelines, and the inlet of the hydrogen storage tank is connected to the outlet of the hydrogen buffer tank via a pipeline; the data acquisition equipment in step S301 specifically includes: the electrical energy Wgreen of the new energy power generation device, the electrical energy Wmethanol generated by the methanol peak shaving unit, the energy storage module, the pressure P inside the hydrogen buffer tank, the opening degree of the feed regulating valve, and the working status of the energy output control switch and the energy input control switch.

[0016] Furthermore, the deviation is calculated as follows: ΔW = (W'-W) / W × 100% W=W 绿 +W 甲醇

[0017] W ´=W ´ 绿 +W´ 甲醇

[0018] Furthermore, the mode selection method in step S303 is as follows:

[0019] If |ΔW|≤5%, the system is determined to be in steady-state hydrogen supply mode;

[0020] If ΔW < -5%, the system is determined to have entered the peak-shaving mode due to insufficient renewable energy.

[0021] If ΔW > +5%, the system is determined to have entered the new energy surplus storage mode.

[0022] Furthermore, when the system enters the peak shaving mode due to insufficient new energy sources, the pressure P inside the hydrogen buffer tank is further determined. If P is less than the first pressure threshold, the system is determined to be in the peak shaving mode due to insufficient new energy sources, and peak shaving is initiated.

[0023] Furthermore, the specific steps for activating the peak-shaving unit are as follows: firstly, control the energy storage module to release electrical energy; after the energy storage module is depleted, then activate the methanol peak-shaving system to generate electricity.

[0024] Furthermore, when the system enters the new energy surplus storage mode, the pressure P in the hydrogen storage system is further determined. If P is greater than the second pressure threshold, the system is determined to be in the new energy surplus storage mode, and the surplus electrical energy is stored in the electrical energy storage module.

[0025] Preferably, the first pressure threshold is 20 MPa.

[0026] Preferably, the second pressure threshold is 23 MPa.

[0027] Compared with existing technologies, the present invention provides a system and control method for the synergistic production of hydrogen from fossil energy, new energy, and methanol, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] First, it significantly improves the green level and low-carbon efficiency of hydrogen production: This invention couples zero-carbon new energy hydrogen production into the traditional fossil energy hydrogen production process, making the overall average carbon emission intensity of the system much lower than that of pure fossil energy hydrogen production; at the same time, it maximizes the local consumption of intermittent wind and solar power, realizes the efficient use of renewable energy, and takes into account both environmental protection and energy efficiency.

[0029] Secondly, it achieves a large-scale, highly stable, and resilient hydrogen supply: This invention ensures a large-scale base load by using stable fossil fuel hydrogen production, supplements it with renewable energy hydrogen production, and constructs a three-tiered coordinated supply system of "base load-supplement-peak shaving" through a methanol emergency peak-shaving mechanism. This system effectively overcomes the intermittent and volatile bottlenecks of pure renewable energy hydrogen production, ensuring continuous, reliable, and large-scale hydrogen production under any operating conditions, greatly enhancing the system's operational resilience and risk resistance.

[0030] Third, it optimizes the economic efficiency and operational efficiency throughout the system's entire lifecycle: This invention achieves optimal energy allocation and efficient utilization through intelligent coupling and coordinated control of multiple energy sources. It not only utilizes existing fossil fuel and methanol storage and transportation infrastructure, effectively avoiding the enormous costs of excessive investment in energy storage equipment to mitigate fluctuations in new energy sources, but also dynamically optimizes hydrogen production processes based on factors such as electricity prices and load.

[0031] The unit's operating strategy significantly reduces the overall cost of hydrogen production per unit, thereby enhancing the economic competitiveness of the overall system. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 is a block diagram of a system for the synergistic production of hydrogen from fossil energy, new energy, and methanol;

[0033] Figure 2 is a flowchart of the operation steps of a system for the coordinated production of hydrogen from fossil energy, new energy, and methanol.

[0034] Figure 3 shows a steady-state control scheme for a co-production hydrogen system using fossil energy, new energy, and methanol.

[0035] Figure 4 is a control diagram of a co-production hydrogen system using fossil fuels, new energy sources, and methanol. Detailed implementation method.

[0036] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] Please refer to Figures 1 and 2. A co-production hydrogen system combining fossil fuels, new energy sources, and methanol is described. The co-production hydrogen system includes a fossil fuel hydrogen production unit, a new energy hydrogen production unit, a methanol peak-shaving unit, and a hydrogen storage unit. The system primarily utilizes fossil fuel hydrogen production, supplemented by new energy hydrogen production. The methanol peak-shaving unit serves as an emergency peak-shaving method to ensure large-scale, efficient, and stable hydrogen production.

[0038] Furthermore, the fossil fuel hydrogen production unit is externally connected to coal, water, and air pipelines to receive external raw materials. Internally, it consists of six units: coal-water slurry preparation, air separation unit, gasifier, shift converter, cryogenic methanol washing, and PSA hydrogen extraction, for large-scale, stable hydrogen production. This system provides robust, dispatchable, and weather-independent hydrogen production capacity, ensuring large-scale continuous hydrogen production. Its specific structure and operating parameters are well known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here. The hydrogen outlet of the fossil fuel hydrogen production system is connected to the hydrogen inlet of the hydrogen storage system via pipelines.

[0039] Furthermore, the new energy hydrogen production unit is externally connected to a raw water delivery pipeline. Internally, it includes a solar power generation device, a wind power generation device, an energy storage module, and a water electrolysis hydrogen production device. The solar power generation...

[0040] The device collects solar energy and converts it into electrical energy through photoelectric conversion, ensuring the quality of the output electrical energy meets the requirements of the water electrolysis hydrogen production device, guaranteeing stable operation of the electrolysis process, and improving hydrogen production efficiency. The wind power generation device converts wind energy into electrical energy and performs real-time adjustment and control of the electrical energy, ensuring the quality of the generated electrical energy meets the requirements of the water electrolysis hydrogen production device. The output electrical energy from the solar power generation device and the wind power generation device is combined on a DC bus line to integrate the power generated by the wind and solar renewable energy sources. The energy storage module stores excess electricity generated when renewable energy is abundant and replenishes energy in a timely manner when renewable energy is insufficient. Its input end is connected to the renewable energy power line through a DC bus, and an energy storage control switch is installed on the input line; its output end is connected to the renewable energy power line through a DC bus, and an energy release control switch is installed on the output line. The water electrolysis hydrogen production device is externally connected to a raw water delivery pipeline, and its electrical input end is connected to the DC bus, sequentially receiving the water and electricity required for the water electrolysis hydrogen production reaction. Its hydrogen outlet is connected to the hydrogen inlet of the hydrogen storage system via a pipeline.

[0041] The methanol peak-shaving unit is connected to an external methanol delivery pipeline for emergency peak shaving when renewable energy hydrogen production capacity is insufficient. The methanol delivery pipeline is equipped with a feed regulating valve to adjust the methanol feed rate, thereby controlling the power generation of the methanol peak-shaving system. The power output of the methanol peak-shaving unit is connected to the DC bus line, meaning the generated electricity can be directly supplied to the water electrolysis hydrogen production unit. As an emergency peak-shaving measure, methanol can be used to quickly generate electricity when renewable energy output is insufficient or hydrogen demand surges, providing flexible peak supply capacity and effectively smoothing production fluctuations.

[0042] The hydrogen storage unit includes a hydrogen buffer tank and a hydrogen storage tank. The inlet of the hydrogen buffer tank is connected to the outlet of the fossil fuel hydrogen production system and the outlet of the water electrolysis hydrogen production device via pipelines, serving as a buffer before hydrogen storage. The inlet of the hydrogen storage tank is connected to the outlet of the hydrogen buffer tank via pipelines, serving as the final hydrogen storage unit.

[0043] Please refer to Figure 3, which illustrates a control method for a co-production hydrogen system using fossil fuels, new energy sources, and methanol. This method collects key parameters of the equipment in the co-production hydrogen system, determines the system's operating state based on the combined parameters, and then determines the necessary adjustments based on the operating state.

[0044] The key parameters for control are determined to achieve a rapid response to unsteady processes. The cooperative control method includes the following steps:

[0045] S301: Data acquisition, acquiring initial and operational data of equipment related to the control target, ensuring that the data covers typical operating conditions of the system;

[0046] S302: Deviation calculation, calculates the deviation between the running data and the initial data based on the collected data;

[0047] S303: Mode selection. Based on the operating parameters collected in step S301, select the system's steady-state hydrogen supply mode, renewable energy peak shaving mode, or renewable energy process storage mode.

[0048] S304: Convergence judgment, determines whether the system is in a convergence state based on the selected mode;

[0049] S305: Parameter adjustment, adjusting parameters according to the system's state. After adjustment, proceed to step S301 for further iteration until the system is determined to be in steady-state hydrogen supply mode. The single system steady-state control optimization ends, and the control parameters, deviation data, and operating condition information at convergence are stored in the database.

[0050] Further, referring to Figure 4, the data acquisition process is as follows: After the system starts, initial operating data is first collected, specifically including the sum of electrical energy Wgreen from the solar power generation device and the wind power generation device.

[0051] The operating status of the methanol peak-shaving unit, including the electrical energy W generated by the methanol, the electrical energy storage module, the pressure P inside the hydrogen buffer tank, the opening degree of the feed regulating valve, the electrical energy storage control switch, and the electrical energy release control switch, provides a reference value for subsequent operating condition judgment.

[0052] After initial data acquisition, the system enters a periodic data acquisition mode, collecting field data every 15 minutes to ensure dynamic tracking of system operating conditions. The specific data collected includes the sum of electrical energy generated by the solar power generation unit and the wind power generation unit, W'green; the electrical energy generated by the methanol peak shaving unit, W'methanol; the pressure P' inside the energy storage module and the hydrogen buffer tank; the opening degree of the feed regulating valve; and the operating status of the energy storage control switch and the energy release control switch.

[0053] Furthermore, the real-time data collected in the current cycle and the original data collected are used to calculate ΔW according to equations (1) to (3). This value reflects the degree of deviation between the operating state and the ideal state of the new energy hydrogen production system and can be used as the basis for judging the operating condition and switching the control mode.

[0054] W = W green + W methanol (1) ΔW = (W'-W) / W × 100% (2) W ´=W ´绿 +W´ 甲醇 (3)

[0055] Furthermore, a threshold for mode determination is set, with a value of 5%. If the deviation satisfies |ΔW|≤5%, the system is determined to be in steady-state hydrogen supply mode, and the system maintains the current operating parameters to supply hydrogen stably, and the process ends.

[0056] If ΔW < -5%, further determine if the pressure inside the hydrogen buffer tank meets P' < 20MPa. If it does, determine that the system is in a new energy shortage peak-shaving mode, trigger the feed control function 1 to compensate for the insufficient new energy, return after control is completed, collect the latest data within 15 minutes, and calculate the power deviation together with the original data for further judgment. If P' ≥ 20MPa, it indicates that although the current new energy hydrogen production is insufficient, the hydrogen content in the hydrogen buffer tank is relatively sufficient, and the current operating state can continue to be maintained. Return, collect the latest data within 15 minutes, and calculate the power deviation together with the original data for further judgment.

[0057] Further, after entering the controlled feed_1, it first determines whether there is stored electricity in the lithium iron phosphate battery energy storage device. If so, the energy release control switch 3 is closed first to consume the electricity in the lithium iron phosphate battery energy storage device. This continues until there is no stored electricity in the lithium iron phosphate battery, at which point the energy release control switch 3 is opened, and the opening degree of the second feed regulating valve 2 is adjusted according to experience with methanol combustion power generation (a value between 0-100%). If there is no stored electricity, the opening degree of the second feed regulating valve 2 is directly adjusted.

[0058] If ΔW > +5%, further determine if the pressure inside the hydrogen buffer tank meets P' > 23 MPa. If it does, the system is determined to be in a new energy surplus storage mode, triggering feed regulation_2. Feed regulation_2 is used to compensate for insufficient new energy. After regulation, the system returns, collects the latest data within 15 minutes, and calculates the power deviation together with the original data for further judgment. If P' ≤ 23 MPa, it indicates that although the current new energy hydrogen production is excessive, the hydrogen content in the hydrogen buffer tank is low, and the current operating state can continue. The system returns, collects the latest data within 15 minutes, and calculates the power deviation together with the original data for further judgment.

[0059] Furthermore, after entering the controlled feed_2, it first determines whether there is still storage space inside the lithium iron phosphate battery. If so, the energy storage control switch 4 is closed to charge the lithium iron phosphate battery energy storage device until there is no more energy storage space in the lithium iron phosphate battery, at which point the power is abandoned on-site. This invention has fully considered the total local wind power resources and their fluctuation characteristics during the route design phase, and matched lithium iron phosphate batteries of corresponding capacity accordingly. Therefore, on-site power abandonment will not result in significant power loss.

[0060] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one…" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0061] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A control method for a co-production hydrogen system using fossil fuels, new energy sources, and methanol, wherein the co-production hydrogen system comprises: Fossil fuel hydrogen production unit, new energy hydrogen production unit, methanol peak shaving unit and hydrogen storage unit; The control method for the co-production hydrogen from fossil energy, new energy, and methanol is characterized by the following steps: S301: Data acquisition, collecting initial and operational data from the new energy hydrogen production unit, methanol peak shaving unit, and hydrogen storage unit related to the control target; S302: Deviation calculation, calculates the deviation between the running data and the initial data based on the collected data; S303: Mode selection. Based on the operating parameters collected in step S301, select the system's steady-state hydrogen supply mode, renewable energy peak shaving mode, or renewable energy process storage mode. S304: Convergence judgment, determines whether the system is in a convergence state based on the selected mode; S305: Parameter adjustment. Adjust the parameters according to the system state. After adjustment, proceed to step S301 for further iteration until the system is determined to be in steady-state hydrogen supply mode.

2. The control method for the co-production of hydrogen from fossil energy, new energy, and methanol according to claim 1, characterized in that: The new energy hydrogen production system includes: a new energy power generation device and an electrolysis hydrogen production device. The new energy power generation device and the electrolytic hydrogen production device are connected via a DC bus. The collaborative hydrogen production system further includes: an energy storage module, whose power input and output lines are respectively connected to the DC bus, and which is sequentially equipped with energy storage input and output control switches; the power output line of the methanol peak shaving system is connected to the DC bus; the hydrogen storage system includes: a hydrogen buffer tank and a hydrogen storage tank, the inlet of the hydrogen buffer tank being connected to the outlet of the fossil energy hydrogen production system and the outlet of the water electrolysis hydrogen production device via pipelines, and the inlet of the hydrogen storage tank being connected to the outlet of the hydrogen buffer tank via a pipeline; the data acquisition equipment in step S301 specifically includes: the electrical energy Wgreen of the new energy power generation device, the electrical energy Wmethanol generated by the methanol peak shaving unit, the energy storage module, the pressure P inside the hydrogen buffer tank, the opening degree of the feed regulating valve, and the working status of the energy output control switch and the energy input control switch.

3. The control method for the synergistic hydrogen production system of fossil energy, new energy, and methanol as described in claim 1, Its features are: The deviation is calculated as follows: ∆W = (W'-W) / W × 100% W=W 绿 +W 甲醇 W´=W´ 绿 +W´ 甲醇 4. The control method for a co-production hydrogen system combining fossil energy, new energy, and methanol according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mode selection method in step S303 is as follows: If |ΔW|≤5%, the system is determined to be in steady-state hydrogen supply mode; If ΔW < -5%, the system is determined to have entered the peak-shaving mode due to insufficient renewable energy. If ΔW > +5%, the system is determined to have entered the new energy surplus storage mode.

5. The control method for a co-production hydrogen system combining fossil energy, new energy, and methanol according to claim 4, characterized in that: When the system enters the peak shaving mode due to insufficient new energy sources, the pressure P' inside the hydrogen buffer tank is further determined. If P' is less than the first pressure threshold, the system is determined to be in the peak shaving mode due to insufficient new energy sources, and the peak shaving unit is activated.

6. The control method for a co-production hydrogen system using fossil energy, new energy, and methanol according to claim 4, characterized in that: The specific steps for starting the peak shaving unit are as follows: first, control the energy storage module to release electrical energy; when the energy storage module is depleted, then start the methanol peak shaving unit to generate electricity.

7. The control method for a co-production hydrogen system combining fossil energy, new energy, and methanol according to claim 4, characterized in that: When the system enters the new energy surplus storage mode, the pressure P' in the hydrogen storage system is further determined. If P' is greater than the second pressure threshold, the system is determined to be in the new energy surplus storage mode, and the surplus electrical energy is stored in the electrical energy storage module.

8. The control method for a co-production hydrogen system using fossil energy, new energy, and methanol according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first pressure threshold is 20 MPa.

9. The control method for a co-production hydrogen system combining fossil energy, new energy, and methanol according to claim 7, characterized in that: The second pressure threshold is 23 MPa.

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