Electromagnetic pulse welding method and device for high-entropy alloy and aluminum alloy

Abstract

The application discloses an electromagnetic pulse welding method and device for high-entropy alloy and aluminum alloy, relates to the technical field of electromagnetic pulse welding, and comprises the following steps: performing mechanical polishing, ultrasonic cleaning and drying treatment on the to-be-welded surfaces of a high-entropy alloy substrate and an aluminum alloy flyer plate; and performing micro-texturing treatment on the surface of the aluminum alloy flyer plate, that is, processing a regularly arranged micro-pit array on the to-be-welded surface of the aluminum alloy flyer plate by using a laser processing method to form a preset micro-textured surface. The application effectively solves the technical problems of the high-entropy alloy and the aluminum alloy in electromagnetic pulse welding, such as unfirm interface combination, excessively high residual stress and easy production of brittle defects, and significantly improves the welding joint quality and mechanical properties. Through the synergistic effect of the micro-texturing treatment on the surface of the aluminum alloy flyer plate and the gradient energy field pre-modulation, double-mode composite connection of metallurgical combination and mechanical anchoring is realized, and the interface combination strength and the connection reliability are greatly improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of electromagnetic pulse welding, in particular to an electromagnetic pulse welding method and device for high-entropy alloy and aluminum alloy. BACKGROUND

[0002] High-entropy alloys have a wide application prospect in the fields of aerospace, automobile manufacturing, high-end equipment, etc. due to their excellent mechanical properties, corrosion resistance and high-temperature stability. Aluminum alloys are often combined with high-entropy alloys to form composite structures to meet the dual requirements of structure weight reduction and performance improvement due to their lightweight, high specific strength and good processing performance. Reliable connection of high-entropy alloy and aluminum alloy is the key to promoting the engineering application of such composite structures.

[0003] As a high-efficiency solid-state welding technology, electromagnetic pulse welding has become an optimal solution for dissimilar metal connection due to its short welding time, no obvious heat-affected zone and environmental protection. However, the physical and chemical properties of high-entropy alloy and aluminum alloy are significantly different. The yield strength of high-entropy alloy is high, and plastic deformation is difficult. There are also large differences in the thermal expansion coefficients and melting points of the two materials, which can easily lead to problems such as loose interface bonding, excessive residual stress and large joint brittleness during welding.

[0004] When the existing electromagnetic pulse welding technology is applied to the connection of high-entropy alloy and aluminum alloy, there are often many deficiencies. On the one hand, the welding interface is mostly single metallurgical bonding mode, and the bonding strength is limited, which is difficult to meet the use requirements under complex conditions. On the other hand, during the welding process, uneven temperature field distribution and insufficient plastic deformation can easily lead to defects at the interface, and the high residual stress after welding can easily cause the joint to crack, which seriously affects the quality and service life of the welded joint.

[0005] In addition, in the traditional welding process, improper preheating can easily cause eutectic reaction between the two materials, generating brittle intermetallic compounds and further deteriorating the joint performance. At the same time, the lack of targeted post-processing methods makes it difficult to effectively relax the interface residual stress, resulting in unstable mechanical properties of the joint. Therefore, it is of great engineering practical value to develop an electromagnetic pulse welding method and corresponding device that can solve the above problems and achieve high-quality connection of high-entropy alloy and aluminum alloy. SUMMARY

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present application provides an electromagnetic pulse welding method and device for high-entropy alloy and aluminum alloy. The following technical solutions are adopted: The electromagnetic pulse welding method for high-entropy alloy and aluminum alloy comprises the following steps: Step 1: mechanically polishing, ultrasonically cleaning and drying the surfaces to be welded of the high-entropy alloy substrate and the aluminum alloy sheet; Step 2, Microtexturing treatment of aluminum alloy fly plate surface: Laser processing is used to process a regularly arranged array of micro-pits on the surface of the aluminum alloy fly plate to be welded, forming a pre-set microtextured surface; Step 3: Fix the high-entropy alloy substrate on the anvil, place the microtextured aluminum alloy flyplate above the high-entropy alloy substrate, and set the welding spacing between the two. Step 4, gradient energy field pre-modulation: Induction heating is used to preheat only the welding area of ​​the high-entropy alloy substrate, so that the surface of the high-entropy alloy substrate reaches the preset preheating temperature and is maintained. At the same time, a one-sided temperature gradient is formed between the high-entropy alloy substrate and the aluminum alloy fly plate, while the aluminum alloy fly plate side is kept at room temperature. Step 5, Electromagnetic pulse impact welding: In the preheating and holding state of step 4, a preset pulsed large current is passed through the electromagnetic drive coil to generate a transient strong magnetic field, which induces eddy currents in the aluminum alloy fly plate and generates electromagnetic repulsion force, driving the aluminum alloy fly plate to impact the high-entropy alloy substrate, forming a metallurgical bonding and mechanical anchoring composite connection interface between the microtextured surface and the high-entropy alloy substrate. Step 6, Electromagnetic Pulse Post-processing: The preheating temperature of the welding area of ​​the high-entropy alloy substrate is maintained by induction heating. A multi-frequency low-energy electromagnetic pulse sequence is applied to the welding area. The synergistic effect of thermal activation and alternating electromagnetic stress is used to promote dislocation movement, rearrangement and stress relaxation at the welding interface, thereby reducing the residual stress at the interface. Step 7: Perform quality inspection on the welded joint to evaluate the weld quality.

[0007] Optionally, in step 2, the microtexturing treatment of the aluminum alloy flyplate surface is performed using a femtosecond laser. The laser processing parameters are as follows: laser power 5W-30W, pulse width 100fs-10ns, repetition frequency 1kHz-100kHz, and scanning speed 100mm / s-1000mm / s. The processed micro-dimples have a diameter of 10μm-50μm, a depth of 5μm-20μm, and a spacing of 30μm-150μm between adjacent dimples. The dimples are arranged in a regular quadrilateral or hexagonal pattern. The microtexture acts as a micro-stress waveguide during electromagnetic pulse welding, inducing directional plastic flow by utilizing the stress concentration at the dimple edges to form a regular mechanical anchoring structure. Together with the metallurgical bonding of the flat areas between the dimples, it constitutes a dual-mode composite connection mechanism.

[0008] Optionally, the gradient energy field premodulation method in step 4 is as follows: An alternating magnetic field with a frequency range of 10kHz-100kHz is applied only to the surface of the high-entropy alloy substrate using a medium-frequency induction heating coil. The surface of the welding area of ​​the high-entropy alloy substrate is heated to 200℃-500℃ through the eddy current effect. The aluminum alloy flyplate side is not actively heated and is maintained at room temperature or near room temperature. The preheating temperature is monitored in real time by an infrared temperature sensor, and the induction heating power is precisely controlled by PID closed-loop control. The purpose of single-sided gradient preheating is to reduce the yield strength of the high-entropy alloy substrate to improve the interfacial plastic deformation capacity. At the same time, the synergistic effect of the asymmetric temperature field and the microtexture in step 2 enhances the flow of directional plastic materials. The preheating temperature is strictly controlled below the eutectic reaction temperature of the high-entropy alloy substrate and the aluminum alloy flyplate material to prevent the pre-formation of intermetallic compounds at the interface caused by heating.

[0009] Optionally, the parameter range for electromagnetic pulse impact welding in step 5 is as follows: pulse capacitor bank charging voltage 5kV-16kV, pulse peak current 50kA-500kA, pulse rise time 5μs-20μs, aluminum alloy flyplate collision velocity 200m / s-600m / s, and welding spacing 0.5mm-2.5mm; during the welding process, the interface peak pressure reaches the GPa level, the local instantaneous temperature at the interface reaches above the material melting point, and the cooling rate of the molten metal after the collision is greater than... Local metallurgical bonding is achieved under cooling conditions.

[0010] Optionally, the specific method for electromagnetic pulse post-processing in step 6 is as follows: The set temperature is within the range of 200℃-500℃, and the set temperature is also strictly controlled below the eutectic reaction temperature of the interface material, and is continuously maintained by the induction heating device used in step 4. The multi-frequency low-energy electromagnetic pulse sequence is output in a frequency scanning mode, with a scanning frequency range of 0.5Hz-200Hz. It is continuously scanned from low frequency to high frequency to cover the dislocation resonance frequency characteristics corresponding to different residual stress concentration areas of the welded joint. The energy of a single pulse is 5%-15% of the energy of the main pulse for welding in step 5, and the total number of pulses is 10-100. The synergistic effect of thermal activation and alternating electromagnetic stress refers to the use of a maintained medium-temperature environment to reduce the activation energy of dislocation climb and slip, while at the same time, alternating shear stress is generated inside the joint through a frequency-sweeping alternating electromagnetic stress field, which repeatedly drives dislocations to reciprocate, accelerating the dislocation encounter, reaction, rearrangement and annihilation process, thereby transforming the high-density non-equilibrium dislocation configuration formed during welding into a low-energy equilibrium state, and achieving efficient relaxation of interface residual stress. The post-processing endpoint is determined by real-time monitoring of the residual stress level on the interface. The post-processing procedure is terminated when the residual stress decreases to less than 50% of the initial detection value.

[0011] Optionally, the high-entropy alloy is any one or more of the CoCrFeNiMn system, AlCoCrFeNi system, and FeCoCrNiMn system, and the aluminum alloy is any one of 1000 series pure aluminum, 6000 series Al-Mg-Si alloy, or 7000 series Al-Zn-Mg alloy.

[0012] Optionally, the welding spacing in step 3 is determined based on the thickness of the aluminum alloy flyplate and the sound velocity of both the aluminum alloy flyplate and the high-entropy alloy substrate, satisfying the formula: ;in For optimal welding spacing, The thickness of the aluminum alloy flyplate. The speed of sound for the aluminum alloy flyboard. denoted as , where is the sound velocity of the high-entropy alloy substrate, and k is an empirical coefficient ranging from 2.0 to 4.0.

[0013] An electromagnetic pulse welding device for high-entropy alloys and aluminum alloys is used to realize the electromagnetic pulse welding method of high-entropy alloys and aluminum alloys. The device includes a welding worktable module, a gradient energy field pre-modulation module, an electromagnetic pulse welding module, and an electromagnetic pulse post-processing module. The welding worktable module is used to fix the high-entropy alloy substrate and the aluminum alloy fly plate and adjust the welding spacing. The gradient energy field premodulation module includes a medium-frequency induction heating power supply, an induction heating coil, and an infrared temperature sensor. It is used to perform unilateral induction heating preheating on the welding area of ​​the high-entropy alloy substrate only, and to achieve precise control of the target preheating temperature through PID closed-loop control. The electromagnetic pulse welding module includes an excitation power supply, a pulse capacitor bank, a high-voltage discharge switch, and an electromagnetic drive coil 34, which are used to generate a transient pulse strong magnetic field to drive the aluminum alloy flyplate to impact the high-entropy alloy substrate to achieve welding. The electromagnetic pulse post-processing module includes an auxiliary pulse generation unit, a frequency scanning controller, a stress monitoring system, and a temperature maintenance unit. After welding, the auxiliary pulse generation unit reuses the medium-frequency induction heating power supply and induction heating coil in the gradient energy field pre-modulation module to maintain the temperature of the welding area of ​​the high-entropy alloy substrate at a predetermined medium temperature. The auxiliary pulse generation unit generates low-energy pulses with 5%-15% of the energy of the main welding pulse. The frequency scanning controller makes the pulse output frequency continuously scan from low frequency to high frequency in the range of 0.5Hz-200Hz to perform thermo-mechanical frequency scanning stress relaxation treatment on the welding area.

[0014] Optionally, it also includes a microtexture preparation module for the surface of the flyboard, which includes a femtosecond laser processing system and a surface cleaning and drying device, used to process a regularly arranged array of micro-pits on the surface of the aluminum alloy flyboard to be welded before welding.

[0015] Optionally, a central control system is also included, which includes an industrial control computer and a multi-channel data acquisition card. The industrial control computer is used to coordinate the working timing and parameter settings of the gradient energy field pre-modulation module, the electromagnetic pulse welding module, and the electromagnetic pulse post-processing module. The multi-channel data acquisition card collects voltage, current, temperature, frequency scanning curves, and stress change data during the welding and post-processing processes.

[0016] In summary, the present invention has at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: This invention provides an electromagnetic pulse welding method and apparatus for high-entropy alloys and aluminum alloys, effectively solving technical problems such as weak interfacial bonding, excessive residual stress, and brittle defects in electromagnetic pulse welding of high-entropy alloys and aluminum alloys, and significantly improving the quality and mechanical properties of the welded joint. Through the synergistic effect of microtexturing treatment on the surface of the aluminum alloy flyplate and gradient energy field premodulation, a dual-mode composite connection of metallurgical bonding and mechanical anchoring is achieved, greatly improving the interfacial bonding strength and connection reliability.

[0017] Gradient energy field premodulation reduces the difficulty of plastic deformation of high-entropy alloys while preventing the pre-formation of intermetallic compounds at the interface, thus reducing joint brittleness. Electromagnetic pulse post-processing, through thermo-mechanical synergy, efficiently relaxes residual stress at the interface, reducing the risk of joint cracking and improving joint service stability. The entire welding process is highly controllable, with flexible parameter adjustment, adaptable to various types of high-entropy alloys combined with aluminum alloys. It boasts high welding efficiency, is environmentally friendly and pollution-free, and can meet the high-performance requirements of composite structure connections in aerospace, automotive manufacturing, and other fields. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of the electromagnetic pulse welding method for high-entropy alloys and aluminum alloys according to the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the component connection principle of the electromagnetic pulse welding device for high-entropy alloys and aluminum alloys of the present invention.

[0019] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 2. Gradient energy field premodulation module; 21. Medium frequency induction heating power supply; 22. Induction heating coil; 23. Infrared temperature sensor; 3. Electromagnetic pulse welding module; 31. Excitation power supply; 32. Pulse capacitor bank; 33. High voltage discharge switch; 34. Electromagnetic drive coil; 4. Electromagnetic pulse post-processing module; 41. Auxiliary pulse generation unit; 42. Frequency scanning controller; 43. Stress monitoring system; 44. Temperature maintenance unit; 5. Flying plate surface microtexture preparation module; 51. Femtosecond laser processing system; 52. Surface cleaning and drying equipment; 6. Central control system; 61. Industrial control computer; 62. Multi-channel data acquisition card. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] This invention discloses an electromagnetic pulse welding method and apparatus for high-entropy alloys and aluminum alloys.

[0022] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 Example 1: An electromagnetic pulse welding method for high-entropy alloys and aluminum alloys, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Mechanically grind, ultrasonically clean and dry the surfaces of the high-entropy alloy substrate and the aluminum alloy flyplate to be welded. Step 2, Microtexturing treatment of aluminum alloy fly plate surface: Laser processing is used to process a regularly arranged array of micro-pits on the surface of the aluminum alloy fly plate to be welded, forming a pre-set microtextured surface; Step 3: Fix the high-entropy alloy substrate on the anvil, place the microtextured aluminum alloy flyplate above the high-entropy alloy substrate, and set the welding spacing between the two. Step 4, gradient energy field pre-modulation: Induction heating is used to preheat only the welding area of ​​the high-entropy alloy substrate, so that the surface of the high-entropy alloy substrate reaches the preset preheating temperature and is maintained. At the same time, a one-sided temperature gradient is formed between the high-entropy alloy substrate and the aluminum alloy fly plate, while the aluminum alloy fly plate side is kept at room temperature. Step 5, Electromagnetic pulse impact welding: In the preheating and holding state of step 4, a preset pulsed large current is passed through the electromagnetic drive coil to generate a transient strong magnetic field, which induces eddy currents in the aluminum alloy fly plate and generates electromagnetic repulsion force, driving the aluminum alloy fly plate to impact the high-entropy alloy substrate, forming a metallurgical bonding and mechanical anchoring composite connection interface between the microtextured surface and the high-entropy alloy substrate. Step 6, Electromagnetic Pulse Post-processing: The preheating temperature of the welding area of ​​the high-entropy alloy substrate is maintained by induction heating. A multi-frequency low-energy electromagnetic pulse sequence is applied to the welding area. The synergistic effect of thermal activation and alternating electromagnetic stress is used to promote dislocation movement, rearrangement and stress relaxation at the welding interface, thereby reducing the residual stress at the interface. Step 7: Perform quality inspection on the welded joint to evaluate the weld quality.

[0023] By employing the above technical solution, the oxide film and contaminant layer on the surfaces of both materials are first removed through mechanical grinding and cleaning. The second step involves introducing a regular microtexture on the surface of the aluminum alloy flyplate. This microtexture generates a micro-stress waveguide effect during subsequent impacts, transforming interface deformation from random fluctuations to a directional anchoring structure. The third step involves precisely controlling the welding spacing during assembly to ensure the flyplate achieves optimal acceleration distance. The fourth step uses induction heating to preheat only the high-entropy alloy substrate, leaving the flyplate side unheated, creating a temperature gradient from the hot substrate to the cold flyplate. This temperature gradient softens the high-entropy alloy, reducing its yield strength. Simultaneously, the asymmetric temperature field and the stress waveguide effect of the microtexture synergistically enhance the directional material flow from the pit edge towards the substrate. The fifth step involves triggering an electromagnetic pulse discharge while maintaining preheating. The flyplate impacts the substrate at speeds of hundreds of m / s, with interface pressure reaching GPa levels, resulting in adiabatic shearing and localized melting. This process continues until the cooling rate exceeds [a certain threshold]. Solidification occurs under specific conditions, forming a dual-mode connection of localized metallurgical bonding and mechanical anchoring. The sixth step, electromagnetic pulse post-processing, utilizes the maintained preheating temperature to apply a sweeping low-energy pulse sequence to the weld area. Through thermal activation and alternating stress fields, this drives the movement, rearrangement, and annihilation of interface dislocations, relaxing residual stress. Finally, a quality assessment is performed.

[0024] In Example 2, the microtexturing treatment of the aluminum alloy flyplate surface in step 2 was performed using a femtosecond laser. The laser processing parameters were as follows: laser power 5W-30W, pulse width 100fs-10ns, repetition frequency 1kHz-100kHz, and scanning speed 100mm / s-1000mm / s. The processed micro-dimples had a diameter of 10μm-50μm, a depth of 5μm-20μm, and a spacing of 30μm-150μm between adjacent dimples. The dimples were arranged in a regular quadrilateral or hexagonal pattern. The microtexture acted as a micro-stress waveguide during the electromagnetic pulse welding process, inducing directional plastic flow by utilizing the stress concentration at the dimple edges to form a regular mechanical anchoring structure. Together with the metallurgical bonding of the flat areas between the dimples, it constituted a dual-mode composite connection mechanism.

[0025] By employing the above technical solution, a micron-scale array of pits is fabricated on the surface of an aluminum plate using femtosecond or nanosecond lasers. The laser power is 5W-30W, the pulse width is 100fs-10ns, the repetition frequency is 1kHz-100kHz, and the scanning speed is 100mm / s-1000mm / s. Individual pits have a diameter of 10μm-50μm, a depth of 5μm-20μm, and a spacing of 30μm-150μm, arranged in a square or hexagonal pattern. At the moment of electromagnetic pulse impact, the stress wave generates strong local stress concentration at the pit edge. This micro-stress waveguide effect forces plastic deformation on the high-entropy alloy side to preferentially occur at the corresponding position of the pit. Under high pressure, the aluminum alloy is squeezed into the pit space, forming a regular anchoring structure. The flat area between adjacent pits achieves metallurgical bonding through adiabatic shearing and local melting. The interface is decomposed into a composite of uniformly distributed anchoring points and metallurgical bonding zones, overcoming the poor controllability of interface morphology in traditional electromagnetic pulse welding, and systematically improving the bonding strength and consistency.

[0026] In Example 3, the gradient energy field premodulation method in step 4 is as follows: An alternating magnetic field with a frequency range of 10kHz-100kHz is applied only to the surface of the high-entropy alloy substrate using a medium-frequency induction heating coil. The surface of the welding area of ​​the high-entropy alloy substrate is heated to 200℃-500℃ through the eddy current effect. The aluminum alloy flyplate side is not actively heated and is maintained at room temperature or near room temperature. The preheating temperature is monitored in real time by an infrared temperature sensor, and the induction heating power is precisely controlled by PID closed-loop control. The purpose of single-sided gradient preheating is to reduce the yield strength of the high-entropy alloy substrate to improve the interfacial plastic deformation capacity. At the same time, the synergistic effect of the asymmetric temperature field and the microtexture in step 2 enhances the flow of directional plastic materials. The preheating temperature is strictly controlled below the eutectic reaction temperature of the high-entropy alloy substrate and the aluminum alloy flyplate material to prevent the pre-formation of intermetallic compounds at the interface caused by heating.

[0027] By employing the above technical solution, a medium-frequency induction coil generates an alternating magnetic field with a frequency of 10kHz-100kHz, inducing eddy currents within the high-entropy alloy substrate, and utilizing its high resistivity to achieve rapid localized heating. The heating range is limited to the substrate welding area, while the aluminum alloy flyer side is maintained at room temperature or near room temperature. Infrared thermometry combined with PID closed-loop control precisely maintains the substrate surface temperature at a set value of 200℃-500℃, with a temperature control accuracy of ±5℃. This temperature is strictly below the eutectic reaction temperature of the two materials, preventing the formation of intermetallic compounds at the welding interface from the thermodynamic source. The effects of unilateral preheating include: a 15%-40% reduction in substrate yield strength and an increase in plasticity reserve; the temperature gradient in the thickness direction and the microtextured stress waveguide effect work synergistically to enhance the directional flow of material from the flyer to the substrate at the recess, resulting in a deeper and clearer anchoring structure.

[0028] In Example 4, the parameter range for electromagnetic pulse impact welding in step 5 is as follows: pulse capacitor bank charging voltage 5kV-16kV, pulse peak current 50kA-500kA, pulse rise time 5μs-20μs, aluminum alloy flyplate collision velocity 200m / s-600m / s, and welding spacing 0.5mm-2.5mm; during the welding process, the interface peak pressure reaches the GPa level, the local instantaneous temperature at the interface reaches above the material melting point, and the cooling rate of the molten metal after the collision is greater than... Local metallurgical bonding is achieved under cooling conditions.

[0029] By employing the above technical solution, the pulse capacitor bank is charged to 5kV-16kV, and a pulse with a peak current of 50kA-500kA and a rise time of 5μs-20μs is released to the electromagnetic drive coil through a discharge switch. The transient strong magnetic field generated by the coil induces reverse eddy currents in the aluminum alloy flyplate, generating electromagnetic repulsion that drives the flyplate to accelerate to a collision velocity of 200m / s-600m / s within a gap of 0.5mm-2.5mm. The pressure at the collision point instantaneously reaches the GPa level, and adiabatic temperature rise and local melting occur within the extremely thin interfacial layer, subsequently exceeding... Solidification at a low cooling rate forms ultrafine-grained or amorphous structures, achieving metallurgical bonding while suppressing the excessive growth of brittle intermetallic compound layers. The stress wave reflection and interference caused by the microtexture further concentrates collision energy at the edge of the pit, enhancing the anchoring effect.

[0030] Example 5, the specific method for electromagnetic pulse post-processing in step 6 is as follows: The set temperature is within the range of 200℃-500℃, and the set temperature is also strictly controlled below the eutectic reaction temperature of the interface material, and is continuously maintained by the induction heating device used in step 4. The multi-frequency low-energy electromagnetic pulse sequence is output in a frequency scanning mode, with a scanning frequency range of 0.5Hz-200Hz. It is continuously scanned from low frequency to high frequency to cover the dislocation resonance frequency characteristics corresponding to different residual stress concentration areas of the welded joint. The energy of a single pulse is 5%-15% of the energy of the main pulse for welding in step 5, and the total number of pulses is 10-100. The synergistic effect of thermal activation and alternating electromagnetic stress refers to the use of a maintained medium-temperature environment to reduce the activation energy of dislocation climb and slip, while at the same time, alternating shear stress is generated inside the joint through a frequency-sweeping alternating electromagnetic stress field, which repeatedly drives dislocations to reciprocate, accelerating the dislocation encounter, reaction, rearrangement and annihilation process, thereby transforming the high-density non-equilibrium dislocation configuration formed during welding into a low-energy equilibrium state, and achieving efficient relaxation of interface residual stress. The post-processing endpoint is determined by real-time monitoring of the residual stress level on the interface. The post-processing procedure is terminated when the residual stress decreases to less than 50% of the initial detection value.

[0031] By adopting the above technical solution, after welding, induction heating maintains the high-entropy alloy substrate at a set temperature of 200℃-500℃, providing thermal activation energy for the non-conservative movement of dislocations. Simultaneously, the electromagnetic pulse post-processing module outputs a low-energy pulse sequence in a frequency sweep mode, with each pulse energy representing 5%-15% of the main welding pulse, a total of 10-100 pulses, and a frequency sweep range of 0.5Hz-200Hz, continuously sweeping from low to high frequencies. The low-energy pulses generate alternating shear stress within the joint, driving high-density dislocations to reciprocate and slide; the medium-temperature environment allows dislocations to climb over obstacles, reducing the long-range stress field. The frequency sweep covers a wide frequency band, sequentially exciting resonant movements of dislocation configurations with different characteristic sizes, fully modulating each micro-region where residual stress is concentrated. Under the synergistic effect of thermal activation and alternating stress, the dislocation configuration relaxes from a high-energy non-equilibrium state to a low-energy arrangement, such as forming polygonal dislocation walls or subgrain boundaries, significantly reducing macroscopic residual stress. The stress monitoring system detects residual stress in real time and terminates the process when it drops to below 50% of the initial detection value.

[0032] Example 6: The high-entropy alloy is any one or more of the CoCrFeNiMn system, AlCoCrFeNi system, and FeCoCrNiMn system, and the aluminum alloy is any one of 1000 series pure aluminum, 6000 series Al-Mg-Si alloy, or 7000 series Al-Zn-Mg alloy.

[0033] By adopting the above technical solutions, the high-entropy alloys selected are CoCrFeNiMn, AlCoCrFeNi, or FeCoCrNiMn series, which possess good plasticity and mid-temperature strength. The aluminum alloys selected are 1000 series pure aluminum, 6000 series Al-Mg-Si alloy, or 7000 series Al-Zn-Mg alloy. The differences in sound velocity, density, and yield strength between these two materials are reasonable, meeting the requirements of electromagnetic pulse welding for the conductivity of the flyplate and the transfer of collision energy. Furthermore, the preheating temperature can be controlled below the eutectic temperature, making this method universally applicable to various material combinations.

[0034] In Example 7, the welding spacing in step 3 is determined based on the thickness of the aluminum alloy flyplate and the sound velocity of both the aluminum alloy flyplate and the high-entropy alloy substrate, satisfying the formula: ;in For optimal welding spacing, The thickness of the aluminum alloy flyplate. The speed of sound for the aluminum alloy flyboard. denoted as , where is the sound velocity of the high-entropy alloy substrate, and k is an empirical coefficient ranging from 2.0 to 4.0.

[0035] By adopting the above technical solution, the welding spacing affects the acceleration stroke and final collision speed of the flyplate, thus determining the interface quality. If the spacing is too small, the collision speed is insufficient, resulting in inadequate plastic deformation; if it is too large, the excessive speed can easily lead to over-melting or perforation of the flyplate. This embodiment introduces a semi-empirical formula. , For optimal welding spacing, The thickness of the aluminum alloy flyplate. and Let be the sound velocities of the flyboard and the substrate, respectively, and k be between 2.0 and 4.0. The sound velocity ratio reflects the energy distribution of elastic waves during interface collisions, and incorporating it into the spacing model makes the formula well adaptable to different material combinations.

[0036] Example 8: Electromagnetic pulse welding device for high-entropy alloy and aluminum alloy, used to realize the electromagnetic pulse welding method of high-entropy alloy and aluminum alloy. The device includes a welding workbench module, a gradient energy field pre-modulation module 2, an electromagnetic pulse welding module 3 and an electromagnetic pulse post-processing module 4. The welding workbench module is used to fix the high-entropy alloy substrate and the aluminum alloy fly plate and adjust the welding spacing. The gradient energy field premodulation module 2 includes a medium-frequency induction heating power supply 21, an induction heating coil 22, and an infrared temperature sensor 23. It is used to perform unilateral induction heating preheating on the welding area of ​​the high-entropy alloy substrate only, and to achieve precise control of the target preheating temperature through PID closed-loop control. Electromagnetic pulse welding module 3 includes an excitation power supply 31, a pulse capacitor bank 32, a high-voltage discharge switch 33, and an electromagnetic drive coil 34, which are used to generate a transient pulse strong magnetic field to drive the aluminum alloy flyplate to impact the high-entropy alloy substrate to achieve welding. The electromagnetic pulse post-processing module 4 includes an auxiliary pulse generation unit 41, a frequency scanning controller 42, a stress monitoring system 43, and a temperature maintenance unit 44. After welding, the auxiliary pulse generation unit 41 reuses the medium-frequency induction heating power supply 21 and induction heating coil 22 in the gradient energy field pre-modulation module 2 to maintain the temperature of the welding area of ​​the high-entropy alloy substrate at a predetermined medium temperature. The auxiliary pulse generation unit 41 generates low-energy pulses with energy 5%-15% of the main welding pulse. The frequency scanning controller 42 makes the pulse output frequency continuously scan from low frequency to high frequency in the range of 0.5Hz-200Hz to perform thermo-coordinated frequency scanning stress relaxation processing on the welding area.

[0037] By adopting the above technical solution, the welding workbench module provides a rigid base, a fixed anvil, and adjustable clamps for clamping high-entropy alloy substrates and aluminum alloy flyplates, and achieves precise setting of the welding spacing within the range of 0.5mm to 2.5mm. The intermediate-frequency induction heating power supply 21 in the gradient energy field pre-modulation module 2 outputs an alternating current of 10kHz to 100kHz to the induction heating coil 22. The induction heating coil 22 is coaxially or paraaxially mounted in the welding head, applying an alternating magnetic field only to the welding area of ​​the high-entropy alloy substrate. Through the eddy current effect, the substrate surface temperature rapidly rises to a preset value of 200℃ to 500℃. The infrared temperature sensor 23 detects the substrate surface temperature in real time and feeds the signal back to the PID controller. By adjusting the output power of the intermediate-frequency induction heating power supply 21, closed-loop control with a temperature control accuracy of ±5℃ is achieved, thereby establishing a stable unilateral temperature gradient between the substrate and the aluminum alloy flyplate. In the electromagnetic pulse welding module 3, the excitation power supply 31 charges the pulse capacitor bank 32 to 5kV to 16kV. After the preheating temperature reaches the target, the high-voltage discharge switch 33 is turned on under the command of the timing controller. The pulse capacitor bank 32 releases a pulsed large current with a peak current of 50kA to 500kA and a rise time of 5μs to 20μs to the electromagnetic drive coil 34. The transient strong magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic drive coil 34 induces reverse eddy currents in the aluminum alloy flyer plate, forming an electromagnetic repulsion force that drives the flyer plate to impact the substrate at a speed of 200m / s to 600m / s. After welding is completed, the electromagnetic pulse post-processing module 4 immediately continues to work. The temperature maintenance unit 44 reuses the medium-frequency induction heating power supply 21 and the induction heating coil 22 in the gradient energy field pre-modulation module 2 to maintain the temperature of the substrate welding area at a predetermined medium temperature within the range of 200℃ to 500℃. The auxiliary pulse generation unit 41 generates a low-energy pulse sequence with a single pulse energy of 5% to 15% of the main welding pulse, with a total number of pulses of 10 to 100. The frequency scanning controller 42 controls the pulse output frequency to continuously scan from low to high frequency within the range of 0.5Hz to 200Hz, covering the characteristic frequencies of different dislocation configurations. The stress monitoring system 43 collects residual stress data of the interface online and assesses the degree of stress relaxation in real time. The entire machine integrates preheating, welding, and thermo-coordinated post-processing into the same station for continuous execution, eliminating temperature fluctuations and repositioning errors caused by process transitions.

[0038] Example 9 also includes a microtexture preparation module 5 for the surface of the flyboard. The microtexture preparation module 5 includes a femtosecond laser processing system 51 and a surface cleaning and drying device 52, which is used to process a regularly arranged array of micro-pits on the surface of the aluminum alloy flyboard to be welded before welding.

[0039] By adopting the above technical solution, before welding, the femtosecond laser processing system 51 uses process parameters of laser power 5W to 30W, pulse width 100fs to 10ns, repetition frequency 1kHz to 100kHz, and scanning speed 100mm / s to 1000mm / s to etch micro-pits with diameters of 10μm to 50μm and depths of 5μm to 20μm on the surface of the aluminum alloy flyplate to be welded. The center-to-center spacing of the pits is 30μm to 150μm, and the overall arrangement is a regular array of square or hexagonal shapes. The ultrashort pulse width of the femtosecond laser ensures that almost no heat-affected layer or recast material is generated during the processing, and the geometric shape of the pit edges is sharp and complete. After processing, the surface cleaning and drying equipment 52 first performs anhydrous ethanol ultrasonic cleaning on the flyplate to remove the fine debris generated by laser ablation, and then blows away the residual liquid on the surface with dry nitrogen gas to obtain a clean pre-fabricated microtextured surface. This module allows for independent programmable control of the size, depth, spacing, and arrangement of the microtexture, providing a precise geometric basis for the formation of micro-stress waveguide effects and directional anchoring structures during subsequent electromagnetic pulse welding.

[0040] Example 10 also includes a central control system 6, which includes an industrial control computer 61 and a multi-channel data acquisition card 62. The industrial control computer 61 is used to coordinate the working timing and parameter settings of the gradient energy field pre-modulation module 2, the electromagnetic pulse welding module 3 and the electromagnetic pulse post-processing module 4. The multi-channel data acquisition card 62 collects voltage, current, temperature, frequency scanning curves and stress change data during the welding and post-processing processes.

[0041] By adopting the above technical solution, the central control system 6 uses the industrial control computer 61 as the core computing and control unit. Through the multi-channel data acquisition card 62, it links signals with the gradient energy field pre-modulation module 2, the electromagnetic pulse welding module 3, and the electromagnetic pulse post-processing module 4 to achieve automated centralized management of the entire process. The industrial control computer 61 stores preset process timing logic and executes the following coordination tasks in sequence: controlling the start-up, power ramp, and constant temperature maintenance of the intermediate frequency induction heating power supply 21; reading the temperature data of the infrared temperature sensor 23 in real time to form a closed loop; after monitoring that the substrate temperature stabilizes at the target value, it sends a charging command to the excitation power supply 31; when the pulse capacitor bank 32 reaches the set voltage and receives the temperature ready signal, it triggers the high-voltage discharge switch 33 to conduct and complete the welding discharge; after the welding discharge is completed, it automatically switches the system to the post-processing mode, starts the auxiliary pulse generation unit 41 and the frequency scanning controller 42, and performs real-time analysis on the residual stress data collected by the stress monitoring system 43. The multi-channel data acquisition card 62 synchronously records the voltage waveform, current waveform, temperature change curve, pulse frequency scan trajectory, and residual stress attenuation curve during the welding and post-processing process. All data is timestamped and stored in the process database of the industrial control computer 61. When the industrial control computer 61 analyzes and confirms that the residual stress at the welding interface has attenuated to less than 50% of the initial detection value, it automatically terminates the operation of the electromagnetic pulse post-processing module 4, ending the entire process cycle. This centralized control and feedback mechanism ensures strict timing coordination of each step and accurate reproduction of process parameters, providing a system guarantee for batch consistency of welding quality.

[0042] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation principle of the present invention:

[0043] AlCoCrFeNi series high-entropy alloy is used as the high-entropy alloy substrate, and 6000 series Al-Mg-Si alloy is used as the aluminum alloy fly plate. The welding is completed by an electromagnetic pulse welding device for high-entropy alloy and aluminum alloy. The specific steps and device operation process are as follows, and the whole process is coordinated and controlled by the central control system 6.

[0044] First, the microtextured surface preparation module 5 is activated. Using the femtosecond laser processing system 51 within this module, the surface of the aluminum alloy flyplate to be welded is microtextured. The laser processing parameters are set as follows: laser power 15W, pulse width 500fs, repetition frequency 50kHz, and scanning speed 500mm / s. The processed micro-pits have a diameter of 30μm, a depth of 12μm, and a spacing of 90μm between adjacent pits, arranged in a regular hexagonal pattern. After processing, the aluminum alloy flyplate is ultrasonically cleaned with anhydrous ethanol using a surface cleaning and drying device 52 to remove fine debris generated by laser ablation. Finally, residual liquid is blown off with dry nitrogen gas to obtain a clean, pre-textured surface.

[0045] Step 1 involves sequentially mechanically grinding, ultrasonically cleaning, and drying the surfaces of the AlCoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy substrate and the microtextured 6000 series Al-Mg-Si alloy flyplate to be welded, removing the oxide film and contaminant layer from both materials to ensure that the surfaces to be welded are clean and free of impurities.

[0046] In step 3, the AlCoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy substrate is fixed on the anvil of the welding workbench module. A microtextured 6000-series Al-Mg-Si alloy flyer plate is placed above the high-entropy alloy substrate. The welding spacing is determined based on the thickness of the aluminum alloy flyer plate and the sound velocities of the two materials. The thickness of the 6000-series Al-Mg-Si alloy flyer plate is known. The velocity of sound is 1.5 mm. The sound velocity of the AlCoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy substrate is 5100 m / s. Given a speed of 4500 m / s, and selecting an empirical coefficient k of 3.0, according to the formula... The optimal welding spacing was calculated. The spacing is 2.55mm, and this welding spacing is adjusted and fixed by the welding workbench module.

[0047] Step 4 is executed, activating the gradient energy field premodulation module 2. The gradient energy field premodulation method is used to preheat the high-entropy alloy substrate using single-sided induction heating. The intermediate-frequency induction heating power supply 21 in the gradient energy field premodulation module 2 outputs an alternating current with a frequency of 50kHz to the induction heating coil 22. The induction heating coil 22 applies an alternating magnetic field only to the welding area of ​​the high-entropy alloy substrate, heating the surface of the welding area to 350℃ through the eddy current effect. The aluminum alloy flyplate side is not actively heated and remains at room temperature. An infrared temperature sensor 23 monitors the surface temperature of the high-entropy alloy substrate in real time and feeds the signal back to the PID controller. By adjusting the output power of the intermediate-frequency induction heating power supply 21, precise PID closed-loop temperature control is achieved with an accuracy of ±5℃, ensuring that the surface temperature of the high-entropy alloy substrate is stably maintained at 350℃. This temperature is strictly controlled below the eutectic reaction temperature of the AlCoCrFeNi series high-entropy alloy and the 6000 series Al-Mg-Si alloy to prevent the pre-formation of intermetallic compounds at the interface.

[0048] Step 5 is executed. In the preheating and holding state of step 4, the electromagnetic pulse welding module 3 is started to perform electromagnetic pulse impact welding. The excitation power supply 31 in the electromagnetic pulse welding module 3 charges the pulse capacitor bank 32 to 10kV. After the temperature of the high-entropy alloy substrate stabilizes at 350℃, the high-voltage discharge switch 33 is turned on under the instruction of the central control system 6, and a pulse current of 250kA with a pulse rise time of 12μs is passed to the electromagnetic drive coil 34 to generate a transient strong magnetic field. The strong magnetic field induces eddy currents and generates electromagnetic repulsion in the 6000 series Al-Mg-Si alloy flyer plate, driving the aluminum alloy flyer plate to collide with the AlCoCrFeNi series high-entropy alloy substrate at a speed of 400 m / s. During the welding process, the peak pressure at the interface reaches the GPa level, and the local instantaneous temperature at the interface reaches above the melting point of the two materials. The molten metal achieves local metallurgical bonding under the ultra-rapid cooling conditions after the collision. At the same time, the micro-stress waveguide effect of the micro-texture induces directional plastic flow, forming a regular mechanical anchoring structure. Finally, a composite connection interface of metallurgical bonding and mechanical anchoring is formed between the micro-texture surface and the high-entropy alloy substrate.

[0049] After completing step 6 and welding, the electromagnetic pulse post-processing module 4 is immediately activated for electromagnetic pulse post-processing. The temperature of the high-entropy alloy substrate welding area is continuously maintained at 350℃ by the medium-frequency induction heating power supply 21 and induction heating coil 22 in the gradient energy field pre-modulation module 2. This temperature is strictly controlled below the eutectic reaction temperature of the interface material. The auxiliary pulse generation unit 41 in the electromagnetic pulse post-processing module 4 generates a multi-frequency low-energy electromagnetic pulse sequence, with the energy of a single pulse being 10% of the main welding pulse energy in step 5, and a total of 50 pulses. The frequency scanning controller 42 controls the pulse output to use a frequency scanning mode, with a scanning frequency range of 0.5Hz-200Hz, gradually and continuously scanning from low frequency to high frequency to cover the dislocation resonance frequency characteristics corresponding to different residual stress concentration areas of the weld joint. The stress monitoring system 43 monitors the residual stress level of the interface in real time. When the residual stress decreases to below 50% of the initial detection value, the central control system 6 terminates the post-processing program.

[0050] Perform step 7 to conduct quality inspection on the welded joint, evaluate the welding quality, and confirm that the welded joint is free of defects, the interface is tightly bonded, the residual stress meets the standards, and the requirements for engineering use are met.

[0051] In this case, the various modules of the electromagnetic pulse welding device for high-entropy alloys and aluminum alloys work together. The industrial control computer 61 in the central control system 6 coordinates the working timing and parameter settings of the gradient energy field pre-modulation module 2, electromagnetic pulse welding module 3, and electromagnetic pulse post-processing module 4. The multi-channel data acquisition card 62 collects voltage, current, temperature, frequency scanning curves, and stress change data during the welding and post-processing process. All data are timestamped and stored in the process database to ensure accurate reproduction of process parameters and batch consistency of welding quality.

[0052] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electromagnetic pulse welding method for high-entropy alloys and aluminum alloys, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Mechanically grind, ultrasonically clean and dry the surfaces of the high-entropy alloy substrate and the aluminum alloy flyplate to be welded. Step 2, Microtexturing treatment of aluminum alloy fly plate surface: Laser processing is used to process a regularly arranged array of micro-pits on the surface of the aluminum alloy fly plate to be welded, forming a pre-set microtextured surface; Step 3: Fix the high-entropy alloy substrate on the anvil, place the microtextured aluminum alloy flyplate above the high-entropy alloy substrate, and set the welding spacing between the two. Step 4, gradient energy field pre-modulation: Induction heating is used to preheat only the welding area of ​​the high-entropy alloy substrate, so that the surface of the high-entropy alloy substrate reaches the preset preheating temperature and is maintained. At the same time, a one-sided temperature gradient is formed between the high-entropy alloy substrate and the aluminum alloy fly plate, while the aluminum alloy fly plate side is kept at room temperature. Step 5, Electromagnetic pulse impact welding: In the preheating and holding state of step 4, a preset pulsed large current is passed through the electromagnetic drive coil to generate a transient strong magnetic field, which induces eddy currents in the aluminum alloy fly plate and generates electromagnetic repulsion force, driving the aluminum alloy fly plate to impact the high-entropy alloy substrate, forming a metallurgical bonding and mechanical anchoring composite connection interface between the microtextured surface and the high-entropy alloy substrate. Step 6, Electromagnetic Pulse Post-processing: The preheating temperature of the welding area of ​​the high-entropy alloy substrate is maintained by induction heating. A multi-frequency low-energy electromagnetic pulse sequence is applied to the welding area. The synergistic effect of thermal activation and alternating electromagnetic stress is used to promote dislocation movement, rearrangement and stress relaxation at the welding interface, thereby reducing the residual stress at the interface. Step 7: Perform quality inspection on the welded joint to evaluate the weld quality.

2. The electromagnetic pulse welding method for high-entropy alloys and aluminum alloys according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 2, the microtexturing treatment of the aluminum alloy flyplate surface is performed using a femtosecond laser. The laser processing parameters are as follows: laser power 5W-30W, pulse width 100fs-10ns, repetition frequency 1kHz-100kHz, and scanning speed 100mm / s-1000mm / s. The processed micro-dimples have a diameter of 10μm-50μm, a depth of 5μm-20μm, and a spacing of 30μm-150μm between adjacent dimples. The dimples are arranged in a regular quadrilateral or hexagonal pattern. The microtexture acts as a micro-stress waveguide during electromagnetic pulse welding, inducing directional plastic flow by utilizing the stress concentration at the dimple edges to form a regular mechanical anchoring structure. Together with the metallurgical bonding of the flat areas between the dimples, it constitutes a dual-mode composite connection mechanism.

3. The electromagnetic pulse welding method for high-entropy alloys and aluminum alloys according to claim 2, characterized in that, The gradient energy field premodulation method in step 4 is as follows: An alternating magnetic field with a frequency range of 10kHz-100kHz is applied only to the surface of the high-entropy alloy substrate using a medium-frequency induction heating coil. The surface of the welding area of ​​the high-entropy alloy substrate is heated to 200℃-500℃ through the eddy current effect. The aluminum alloy flyplate side is not actively heated and is maintained at room temperature or near room temperature. The preheating temperature is monitored in real time by an infrared temperature sensor, and the induction heating power is precisely controlled by PID closed-loop control. The purpose of single-sided gradient preheating is to reduce the yield strength of the high-entropy alloy substrate to improve the interfacial plastic deformation capacity. At the same time, the synergistic effect of the asymmetric temperature field and the microtexture in step 2 enhances the flow of directional plastic materials. The preheating temperature is strictly controlled below the eutectic reaction temperature of the high-entropy alloy substrate and the aluminum alloy flyplate material to prevent the pre-formation of intermetallic compounds at the interface caused by heating.

4. The electromagnetic pulse welding method for high-entropy alloys and aluminum alloys according to claim 3, characterized in that, The parameter range for electromagnetic pulse impact welding in step 5 is as follows: pulse capacitor bank charging voltage 5kV-16kV, pulse peak current 50kA-500kA, pulse rise time 5μs-20μs, aluminum alloy flyplate collision velocity 200m / s-600m / s, and welding spacing 0.5mm-2.5mm; during the welding process, the interface peak pressure reaches the GPa level, the local instantaneous temperature at the interface reaches above the material melting point, and the cooling rate of the molten metal after the collision is greater than... Local metallurgical bonding is achieved under cooling conditions.

5. The electromagnetic pulse welding method for high-entropy alloys and aluminum alloys according to claim 4, characterized in that, The specific method for electromagnetic pulse post-processing in step 6 is as follows: The set temperature is within the range of 200℃-500℃, and the set temperature is also strictly controlled below the eutectic reaction temperature of the interface material, and is continuously maintained by the induction heating device used in step 4. The multi-frequency low-energy electromagnetic pulse sequence is output in a frequency scanning mode, with a scanning frequency range of 0.5Hz-200Hz. It is continuously scanned from low frequency to high frequency to cover the dislocation resonance frequency characteristics corresponding to different residual stress concentration areas of the welded joint. The energy of a single pulse is 5%-15% of the energy of the main pulse for welding in step 5, and the total number of pulses is 10-100. The synergistic effect of thermal activation and alternating electromagnetic stress refers to the use of a maintained medium-temperature environment to reduce the activation energy of dislocation climb and slip, while at the same time, alternating shear stress is generated inside the joint through a frequency-sweeping alternating electromagnetic stress field, which repeatedly drives dislocations to reciprocate, accelerating the dislocation encounter, reaction, rearrangement and annihilation process, thereby transforming the high-density non-equilibrium dislocation configuration formed during welding into a low-energy equilibrium state, and achieving efficient relaxation of interface residual stress. The post-processing endpoint is determined by real-time monitoring of the residual stress level on the interface. The post-processing procedure is terminated when the residual stress decreases to less than 50% of the initial detection value.

6. The electromagnetic pulse welding method for high-entropy alloys and aluminum alloys according to claim 5, characterized in that, The high-entropy alloy is any one or more of the CoCrFeNiMn system, AlCoCrFeNi system, and FeCoCrNiMn system, and the aluminum alloy is any one of 1000 series pure aluminum, 6000 series Al-Mg-Si alloy, or 7000 series Al-Zn-Mg alloy.

7. The electromagnetic pulse welding method for high-entropy alloys and aluminum alloys according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step 3, the welding spacing is determined based on the thickness of the aluminum alloy flyplate and the sound velocity of both the aluminum alloy flyplate and the high-entropy alloy substrate, satisfying the formula: ;in For optimal welding spacing, The thickness of the aluminum alloy flyplate. The speed of sound for the aluminum alloy flyboard. denoted as , where is the sound velocity of the high-entropy alloy substrate, and k is an empirical coefficient ranging from 2.0 to 4.

0.

8. An electromagnetic pulse welding device for high-entropy alloys and aluminum alloys, characterized in that, The apparatus for implementing the electromagnetic pulse welding method of high entropy alloy and aluminum alloy as described in claim 7 includes a welding workbench module, a gradient energy field pre-modulation module (2), an electromagnetic pulse welding module (3), and an electromagnetic pulse post-processing module (4). The welding workbench module is used to fix the high entropy alloy substrate and the aluminum alloy fly plate and adjust the welding spacing. The gradient energy field pre-modulation module (2) includes a medium-frequency induction heating power supply (21), an induction heating coil (22), and an infrared temperature sensor (23), which is used to perform unilateral induction heating preheating on the welding area of ​​the high-entropy alloy substrate only, and to achieve precise control of the target preheating temperature through PID closed-loop control. The electromagnetic pulse welding module (3) includes an excitation power supply (31), a pulse capacitor bank (32), a high-voltage discharge switch (33), and an electromagnetic drive coil (34), which are used to generate a transient pulse strong magnetic field to drive the aluminum alloy flying plate to impact the high-entropy alloy substrate to achieve welding. The electromagnetic pulse post-processing module (4) includes an auxiliary pulse generation unit (41), a frequency scanning controller (42), a stress monitoring system (43), and a temperature maintenance unit (44). After welding, the auxiliary pulse generation unit (41) reuses the medium-frequency induction heating power supply (21) and induction heating coil (22) in the gradient energy field pre-modulation module (2) to maintain the temperature of the welding area of ​​the high-entropy alloy substrate at a predetermined medium temperature. The auxiliary pulse generation unit (41) generates low-energy pulses with energy of 5%-15% of the main welding pulse. The frequency scanning controller (42) makes the pulse output frequency continuously scan from low frequency to high frequency in the range of 0.5Hz-200Hz to perform thermo-coordinated frequency scanning stress relaxation processing on the welding area.

9. The electromagnetic pulse welding device for high-entropy alloys and aluminum alloys according to claim 8, characterized in that, It also includes a microtexture preparation module (5) for the surface of the flyboard, which includes a femtosecond laser processing system (51) and a surface cleaning and drying device (52) for processing a regularly arranged array of micro-dimples on the surface of the aluminum alloy flyboard to be welded before welding.

10. The electromagnetic pulse welding device for high-entropy alloys and aluminum alloys according to claim 9, characterized in that, It also includes a central control system (6), which includes an industrial control computer (61) and a multi-channel data acquisition card (62). The industrial control computer (61) is used to coordinate the working timing and parameter settings of the gradient energy field pre-modulation module (2), the electromagnetic pulse welding module (3) and the electromagnetic pulse post-processing module (4). The multi-channel data acquisition card (62) collects voltage, current, temperature, frequency scanning curves and stress change data during the welding and post-processing process.

Images